#dnssec

[b3aches]

Oh shit, DNSSEC KSK signing today:

[landlessbud]

ideal valentine’s day date: watching the ICANN key signing ceremony together

[govindhtech]

DNSSEC: Peace of Mind for Your Online Safety

What is DNSSEC?

A feature of the Domain Name System (DNS) that verifies answers to domain name lookups is called Domain Name System Security Extensions (DNSSEC). Although it keeps attackers from tampering with or contaminating DNS query responses, it does not offer privacy protections for those lookups.

Not really. DNSSEC uses a different method than encryption public key cryptography to defend networks from man-in-the-middle attacks. Put differently, Domain Name System Security Extensions offers an authentication method but not a confidentiality method.

DNSSEC: Internet Foundation Protection

Domain Name System (DNS) converts human-readable domain names into machine-readable IP addresses for online security in the digital age. Security issues make traditional DNS vulnerable to manipulation and attacks. DNSSEC safeguards DNS data.

Major Advantages of DNSSEC:

DNSSEC uses public-key cryptography and digital signatures to verify DNS responses. This means a domain name’s IP address is authentic and hasn’t been changed from the authorized source.

Data Integrity: Phishing attempts and malicious website redirects can result from DNS data manipulation. DNSSEC prevents hackers from altering vital DNS records by cryptographically verifying them.

Middleman (MitM) Attack Prevention: DNSSEC guarantees authenticity and data integrity, reducing the risk of MitM attacks, in which attackers intercept and alter DNS responses to trick users.

Domain Name System Security Extensions protects DNS lookups from malicious and tampering, giving users and organizations confidence to use online services.

Is DNSSEC important?

Public/Private Key Pairs: Public keys are published in the DNS by domain owners, while private keys are kept confidential.

Digital Signatures: By digitally signing DNS records with the private key, a “fingerprint” that confirms their legitimacy is created.

Signature Validation: To make sure received DNS records haven’t been tampered with, resolvers the programs that convert domain names into IP addresses verify the signatures using the public key that has been released.

Chain of Trust: Signatures are verified through a chain of trust that originates from the root of trust that is present at the top of the DNS hierarchy.

How to implement DNSSEC

Adoption: DNSSEC is being implemented more often, despite not being widely used. It is supported by a large number of prominent domain registries and registrars, and it is frequently free for organizations to enable.

Benefits Exceed Difficulties: Although DNSSEC setup and configuration may call for some technical know-how, the advantages greatly exceed the drawbacks. Organizations that are concerned about security ought to give it serious consideration for their domains.

What distinguishes public key cryptography from encryption?

DNS queries are digitally “signed,” or authenticated, using public key cryptography by DNSSEC. The receiving device can compare the data it receives with the original data sent by the authoritative server when DNSSEC is enabled on a zone record. A digital signature that authenticates data using public keys makes this possible. 

The data in DNSSEC is not encrypted; instead, the authentication keys are secured through cryptography. Traffic protected by Domain Name System Security Extensions can still be intercepted and read. The receiving server will be able to detect that something is wrong if the data is altered somewhere along the data pathway and sent on to its destination because the public keys will not match.

On the other hand, encryption encrypts the data by using cryptography. By altering what an attacker would see if they were to intercept a query somewhere along the data pathway, encryption ensures confidentiality. Until the attacker uses an encryption key to decipher the signal, it renders the data unintelligible. Data is shielded from manipulation by encryption because the key isn’t disclosed to the public.

What is DNSSEC in cybersecurity?

Among the Internet’s more traditional protocols is DNS. The Internet was much smaller when it was first developed, and almost everyone there was acquainted. Data Security was not given much thought.

DNS was used so extensively by then that any major alteration would have brought down the entire system, even before the issue of Internet security arose. Instead of attempting to create a completely encrypted protocol to take the place of DNS, an authentication mechanism was added to the pre-existing system. 

DNSSEC was vulnerable. By enabling the authentication of queries and data, it improved protocol security. However, it did so without altering the underlying architecture, allowing the Internet to expand further without requiring any new engineering. Domain Name System Security Extensions deployment was left optional so that organizations could make the switch whenever they felt ready.

If DNSSEC isn’t encrypted, why use it?

One major reason to use DNSSEC is to prevent DNS cache poisoning, also called DNS spoofing. A DNS spoofing attack involves replacing a legitimate DNS query response with an unauthenticated one. After that, the response becomes stuck in the cache, returning the incorrect response and sending users to malicious websites until the “time to live” runs out. 

By authenticating DNS responses and guaranteeing that only accurate responses are returned, DNSSEC defends against these types of attacks. DNS spoofing attacks cannot be prevented by encryption, but it may safeguard the underlying data in a DNS connection.

Is DNSSEC still used if it isn’t encrypted?

Sadly, DNSSEC is only used to validate about 20% of Internet traffic. Even though it’s a big improvement over a few years ago, that amount is still far below what it ought to be. That substantial gap can be attributed to a combination of informational gaps, laziness, and usability issues.

By offering a straightforward deployment procedure, NS1 encourages all of its clients to implement DNSSEC. Through IBM’s Dedicated DNS offering- NS1 even offers Domain Name System Security Extensions as a backup provider or redundant DNS option, in contrast to other providers.

Gazing Forward

Security continues to be the primary concern as the internet develops. One of the most important steps toward a more secure DNS ecosystem is Domain Name System Security Extensions. It encourages trust and confidence in online interactions by defending against critical vulnerabilities, protecting users and organizations from malicious activities.

Read more on Govindhtech.com

[limitlessaustralia]

Ditch your ISPs DNS Server for your own security and speed

In Australia, it became mandatory in April 2017 for Australian ISPs and telecommunication companies to collect and store “metadata” about their customers’ communications for a minimum of two years.

Under Federal Government legislation, your internet service provider is required to store the following metadata (i.e. the technical details surrounding your communications):

Your name, address, DOB, email address, billing details, and other identifying information associated with your account

The time, date and duration of your communications

The type of communications (e.g. phone, text, social media, email)

The destination of any communications

Your IP address

Bandwidth usage

The actual content of your communications is not stored, and neither is your web browsing history, just the metadata above. When it comes to internet usage, the scheme only requires ISPs to log the time your modem actually connects to the internet and how much bandwidth you’ve used.

Your physical details come from your account information you give to your provider, so you have no choice in that part. All the destinations you access though, are sent to a DNS (Domain Names System) server to be translated from example.com, to an IP Address (the actual server the website runs on). That is how your ISP knows where you’re going, and if it so chooses, or if the government chooses, this is where they can block you from going any further.

More importantly nowadays though, security and speed should be a priority. Most ISPs will have locations in a few cities to try and provide quick access to as many people as possible (usually in capital cities). 1.1.1.1 however, is run by Cloudflare, a company who runs one of, if not the biggest cloud server grid in the world. That means your request to access a website will go a shorter distance before sending you where you want to go, which equals the website loading quicker. Cloudflare may have the biggest network, but there are also other options from other providers which have nearly as many locations, but many more features. It depends on what you are looking for as a secondary priority behind your privacy, speed or features (check out the options below).

Use DNSSEC & DoT/DoH. Most ISPs don’t.

Another problem with most ISP DNS servers, they are not secure. They send your destinations openly (unencrypted) over the internet. You might use HTTPS/SSL to talk to the website, but the initial destination request sent to your DNS server is unencrypted until it knows what server it needs to talk to (that’s how SSL works, encrypting your server to client connection). This leaves you open to people (read: government and malicious actors) seeing your destination requests before you get the roadmap to your destination and allows them to point you in another direction or make you hit a brick wall. That’s where DNSSEC comes in. DNSSEC provides verification between you and your chosen DNS service.

In addition to this, DNS over HTTPS and DNS over TLS (regularly abbreviated to DoH & DoT respectively) are highly recommended to be used if they’re available, as they provide an encrypted connection between your router and your DNS server for all your DNS requests, basically like when you connect securely to a website such as your bank and see the padlock in the address bar, but on a deeper level. All recommended services below can provide DNSSEC, and to maximise your privacy, make sure to use DoT/DoH if you can (not all routers support DoT/DoH but all the latest web browsers do, and even your smartphone does).

Recommended DNS services

They all have different setup procedures, so follow the guide they provide.

NextDNS (Free and Paid options, with advanced features like adblocking, malware blocking and family website/time-based restrictions)

Control D (Free and Paid options, with advanced features like adblocking, malware blocking and family website/time-based restrictions)

Quad9 (Switzerland-based non-profit, includes malware blocking)

Cloudflare (Free, optional malware and adult content blocking only)

OpenDNS (Free, optional malware and adult content blocking only)

-5000. Google DNS - If you want privacy, don’t use services from a big tech company that makes all it’s money from giving you free services and selling the information you so willingly give up. Cloudflare and Cisco-owned OpenDNS could fall into this category if you wanted to be strict with your privacy, but it’s entirely up to you...

[kennak]

インターネットの根幹を支えている、世界に13台しかないDNSルートサーバーの1台が、4日間にわたり、他との同期を失う不具合を起こしていたことが分かりました。 同期を失っていたのは、Cogent Communicationsが管理するDNSルートサーバー。DNSとは、Domain Name Systemの略称で、人々がインターネットにアクセスするときに使うドメイン名とIPアドレスの紐付けを管理する役割を果たしています。 インターネットはこのDNSを階層的に構築しており、その最上階層にあるのが13台のルートサーバーです。 たとえば、誰かがブラウザーを開いてWikipediaを閲覧しようと思い、Wikipediaへのリンクをクリックしたとします。するとコンピューターはリンクのコードに記述されたURL「wikipedia.org」にアクセスしようとします。 しかしインターネット上の機器はIPアドレスをもとに通信する仕組みであるため、まずは「wikipedia.org」という名前に紐付けられたIPアドレスは何かという問題を解決しなければなりません。 ここで利用されるのがDNSです。この仕組みでは、まずPCやスマートフォンなどのクライアントとなるコンピューターが、OSやブラウザーに設定された、プロバイダーが指定するDNSサーバーや、またはGoogleなどが独自に提供するパブリックDNSサーバーに「wikipedia.org」のIPアドレスを調べるよう依頼します。 すると、リクエストされたDNSサーバーは再帰的リゾルバーとして13台あるDNSルートサーバーのひとつにアクセスし、トップレベルドメイン（TLD）である「.org」を管理するTLDネームサーバーのIPアドレスを引き出します。 リゾルバーは、今度は「.org」ドメインを管理するTLDネームサーバーに「wikipedia.org」ドメインを管理するネームサーバーのIPアドレスをリクエストし、それを入手します。 さらに、リゾルバーは得られた「wikipedia.org」ドメインを管理するネームサーバーに「wikipedia.org」のIPアドレスを要求し、得られたIPアドレスをクライアントに返します。 このようにしてクライアントは、得られたIPアドレスにアクセスすることで「wikipedia.org」を閲覧できるようになります。 13台のDNSルートサーバーは冗長性を得るため世界中に分散して存在しており、相互に情報を同期して足並みを揃えています。そのため、あるルートサーバーに変更があった場合でも数秒から遅くとも数分以内にはすべてのサーバーの情報が更新されるようになっています。 ところが今回発生した問題では、米国のCogent Communicationsが運用するCルートサーバー(アルファベット順でAからMまである内の3番目)で、なぜかこの更新プロセスが停止してしまいました。 このことを発見したフランスの技術者ステファン・ボルツマイヤー氏は、発見時点でCルートサーバーの情報が、他のルートサーバーより3日遅れていたと指摘しています。 このCルートにおける情報更新の遅延は、発見から2日後には1日分の遅れにまで短縮し、その翌日になってようやく他の12台に追いつきました。 しかしこの問題により、「.gov」および「.int」ドメインを管理するネームサーバーで、DNSの情報に電子署名を施すDNSSECと呼ばれる仕組みに加える予定だった変更作業を延期するなどの影響が発生しています(新しい暗号鍵を均一に展開できないため)。 もし、Cルートが他との情報を同期する前に上記の変更作業を実行すれば、場合によってはインターネット全体でアクセスがおかしくなる可能性があったとのことです。 Cogent Communicationsは声明を発表し、運用しているCルートサーバーの不具合について、その発生から3日間気づかなかったこと、問題の修正に25時間かかったことを明らかにしています。 CogentはCルートに問題が発生している間、他のISPとトラフィックやその他情報の交換する「Peering」と呼ばれる相互接続関係を、インドのTata Communicationsとの間で解消する変更を実施していました。また、Cルートサーバーのウェブページもアクセスできない状態が発生していました。 Cルートサーバーのウェブページの問題は、後にサイトのホスティングに使用していたIPアドレスを、それまでとは別の会社に移転したことが原因だったと判明しています。 しかし、Cルートサーバーにおける情報更新の停止と、Tata CommunicationsとのPeering関係が関連したものであるのか、個別の問題だったのかは、まだはっきりとはしていません。

世界13台のDNSルートサーバーのひとつに謎の同期不具合、管理者は3日間気づかず。インターネット全体が不安定になった可能性も（テクノエッジ） - Yahoo!ニュース

[cyber-sec]

DNSSEC Denial-of-Service Attacks Show Technology's Fragility

Source: https://www.darkreading.com/cloud-security/dnssec-denial-of-service-attacks-show-fragility

More info: https://tudoor.net/

Paper: https://lixiang521.com/publication/oakland24/sp24spring-tudoor-li.pdf

[foodblog111]

Domains for you

Here are some factors to consider when choosing a domain name registrar:

Price: Domain name prices vary depending on the registrar and the type of domain name you want to register. Some registrars offer discounts for multiple-year registrations.

Features: Some registrars offer additional features, such as domain privacy, email forwarding, and DNSSEC. These features can be helpful, but they may not be necessary for everyone.

Customer service: If you have any problems with your domain name, you will need to contact the registrar's customer service department. It is important to choose a registrar with good customer service.

ICANN accreditation: ICANN is the international organization that oversees the registration of domain names. Only registrars that are accredited by ICANN can register domain names.

the online

domain name

low cost domain name web hosting

[ericvanderburg]

KeyTrap DNSSEC: The day the internet (almost) stood still

http://securitytc.com/TGlRgN

[vpsmate]

DNSSEC Hexonet Settings

DNSSEC: Let’s Go! (Hexonet Edition) Recently, I purchased several new domain names with .gd and .io extensions. While exploring Hexonet’s features, I noticed that they support DNSSEC (Domain Name System Security Extensions). However, I couldn’t find any option to enable it directly through their control panel. After some research, I finally figured out how to activate DNSSEC on Hexonet. Spoiler:…

[landlessbud]

happy valentine’s day! but, more importantly, happy ICANN key signing ceremony day!

[scamdoc]

Avis complet trading.xeodis.co

Notation de l'entreprise

Nous voyons que le propriétaire du site utilise un service pour cacher son identité. C'est peut-être parce que le propriétaire ne veut pas être spammé. Cependant, il est également difficile d'identifier le véritable propriétaire du site internet. Par conséquent, les sites qui cachent leur identité obtiennent un score légèrement inférieur.

Cloudflare is a worldwide distributed Content Delivery Network (CDN) platform. Cloudflare does not provide web hosting services and is primarily concerned with web performance and security. It is also a Google Cloud Platform and IBM Cloud partner and therefore shares a lot of mutual reputable customers with both companies. One of Cloudflare's most popular services is its Domain Name Service (DNS) which comes with built-in security measures such as DDoS-blocker and DNSSEC, as well as a Web Application Firewall (WAF). The platform's reputation over the years made it the go-to for a lot of credible organizations and platforms.

Analyse de la boutique

Selon Tranco, ce site a un faible rang Tranco. Cela signifie que le nombre de visiteurs de ce site est assez faible. On peut s'attendre à ce que ce soit le cas d'un petit site Web, d'un site de départ ou d'un site de niche. En revanche, un site Web populaire devrait avoir un classement plus élevé.

Le domaine n'a été enregistré que récemment. Nous vous recommandons d'être prudent lorsque vous achetez ou utilisez les services d'un site web très jeune. Vous pouvez consulter notre blog : "Comment reconnaître une arnaque" (Comment reconnaître une arnaque). Les sites Web des escrocs ne durent souvent que quelques mois avant d'être mis hors ligne. Un vieux site web n'est pas une garantie que le site est sûr. Certains sites d'escrocs ont même des années d'existence. La plupart des sites d'escroquerie sont toutefois retirés au bout de quelques mois, car le nombre de plaintes de consommateurs augmente et la société d'hébergement se lasse des nombreux courriels et appels téléphoniques.

Analyse technique

Ce site internet est un site dans un site. Cela signifie que le site inclut ou iframing fonctionnalité située sur un autre serveur. Ce que vous voyez peut en fait se trouver sur un site complètement différent. Nous vous recommandons donc d'être prudent avant d'entrer des données personnelles.

Cette société d'hébergement a un pourcentage élevé de spammeurs et de sites frauduleux. La société d'hébergement semble attirer les sites web avec un score de confiance faible à très faible. Cela peut être dû au hasard, mais aussi au fait que le processus "Know your customer" de la société d'hébergement est médiocre ou inexistant. Nous avons ainsi réduit la cote de confiance du site Web.

Un certificat SSL valide a été trouvé. Les sociétés professionnelles utilisent un certificat SSL pour crypter les communications entre votre ordinateur et leur site Web. Cependant, il existe différents niveaux de certification et les escrocs installent également un certificat SSL gratuit. Si vous devez entrer vos données, ne le faites jamais sans vérifier si un certificat SSL protège vos informations. 

[dollar2host]

Boosting Website Performance and Security with Cloudflare

By maintaining a website that is both secure and fast, you not only increase the amount of traffic that visits your website, but you also make it easier to attract and keep genuine visitors. Cloudflare is able to enhance website security and speed to the highest feasible limits, providing visitors with a greater likelihood of feeling comfortable surrounding a better security. In addition to reducing speed-related concerns in a short amount of time, it may assist you in establishing a high level of security during website visitor engagement.

Cloudflare is a content delivery network (CDN) company that is among the largest in the market today. It reduces the amount of time it takes for a webpage to load and acts as a defense mechanism against distributed denial of service attacks and other potential threats. Other than DDoS migration, internet security, and distributed Domain Name Server (DNS) services, the features that Cloudflare offers are able to handle a wide range of activities without any difficulty.

In the process of connecting the client and the web hosting provider of the Cloudflare user, Cloudflare functions as a reverse proxy server. Implementing Cloudflare on one's content management systems (CMS) allows one to take use of many of the features that Cloudflare offers. In the following, we will talk about how Cloudflare governs its functions in order to improve the performance and security of websites.

How Cloudflare contributes to the enhancement of site performance?

Cloudflare is a worldwide platform that focuses on improving Internet performance and security. Through its connection to a global network, the platform is able to assist websites of any size and level of complexity in improving their performance. Free and low-cost plans are available from Cloudflare for personal websites and small enterprises. These plans activate in a matter of minutes and automatically contain significant upgrades to the performing capabilities of websites.

DNS services that are of a high performance

Image optimization for the CDN

Mobile optimization

Protection against distributed denial of service attacks and other common harmful bots.

In addition, Cloudflare provides enterprise-grade performance services that are compatible with any kind of web application or infrastructure. These services are geared toward larger businesses.

A Look at the Advantages of Cloudflare for Improved Website Performance-

Security of the Domain Name System (Improve Domain Protection with DNSSEC)

It is possible to add an additional layer of protection to your domain by utilizing DNS Security Extensions (DNSSEC), which validate the legitimacy of DNS answers. In addition to being simple to configure, the DNSSEC functionality of Cloudflare ensures that your website is protected from attacks that involve cache poisoning and DNS spoofing.

Cloud WAF (Protecting Your Website from the Most Common Dangers at Hand)

Web Application Firewalls, often known as WAFs, are designed to defend websites against typical web threats such as cross-site scripting, SQL injection, and distributed denial of service attacks. The Cloud Web Application Firewall (WAF) in Cloudflare offers comprehensive protection against these threats, guaranteeing that your website will continue to be safe.

Increase the Speed of Your Website with Parallel Loading Using the HTTP/2 Protocol

When compared to the more conventional HTTP/1.1 protocol, the more recent and speedier HTTP/2 protocol is an alternative. It makes it possible for page elements to load in parallel, which dramatically speeds up the loading time of your website. Through Cloudflare's default support for HTTP/2, you will be able to take advantage of the benefits of this cutting-edge technology without having to make any further efforts.

Free SSL Certificates

Cloudflare provides a free SSL certificate, which guarantees the safety of data transfer within your website and between your website and its visitors. The protection of sensitive information and the enhancement of your website's rankings are both achieved through this method. Search engines give preference to particular websites.

The optimization of images (Allows for faster loading times with compressed images)

Your website will load more quickly as a consequence of the image optimization tool offered by Cloudflare, which compresses and resizes images. It enhances the user experience and reduces the amount of bandwidth employed, hence reducing the amount of money spent on hosting.

Minification (You may streamline your files and make them load more quickly)

In order to minimize the size of files and improve load times, minification involves removing characters that are not necessary from them, such as whitespace and comments. Your website will function easily and effectively thanks to the minification tool offered by Cloudflare, which supports HTML, CSS, and JavaScript files.

Caching in browsers can help speed up load times

The content of your website is stored on the user's device through the use of browser caching, which causes load times to be reduced during consecutive visits. The browser caching function offered by Cloudflare dynamically adjusts cache settings to guarantee the highest possible level of performance.

WebSocket’s (You may enable communication in real time)

Real-time communication between the server of your website and browsers is made possible by WebSocket’s. This allows for the implementation of services such as live chat and notifications. Considering that Cloudflare is compatible with WebSocket’s, including these dynamic capabilities into your website is a breeze.

Optimizing Performance Through Load Balancing: Distributing Traffic

In order to keep performance consistent across several servers, load balancing involves dividing traffic among those servers. Even during times of high traffic, your website will continue to be quick and responsive because to the load-balancing capability that Cloudflare provides. This feature helps prevent server overload.

Rate Limiting (Protecting Against Distributed Denial of Service Attacks)

The number of queries that users are able to make to your website over a given period of time can be restricted through the deployment of a security feature like rate restriction. Your website is protected from distributed denial of service attacks and other types of unwanted traffic thanks to the rate-limiting feature of Cloudflare, which also helps to make the internet a safer place.

Optimized Routing of the Network

The optimal network routing feature that Cloudflare offers guarantees that data is transported via its worldwide network in an effective manner. As a consequence, load times are reduced, and the overall performance of the website is enhanced.

Customize the settings for each individual page by using the page rules

You have the ability to configure caching, security, and other settings for specific pages on your website by utilizing Cloudflare's page rules for your website. With this granular control, you are able to enhance the performance and safety of your website in a manner that is specific to your needs.

The AMP Real URL feature

The AMP Real URL feature allows you to display the original URLs in the Google AMP search results. On mobile devices, the performance of your website can be improved with Google's Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP), but the search results may display a different URL. Your brand identification and search engine rankings can be preserved with the assistance of Cloudflare's AMP Real URL function, which guarantees that your original URL will be displayed.

Recommended Methods for Improving the Performance of Cloudflare's Proxy Service-

Monitor performance on a consistent basis

While you are monitoring the performance of your website once Cloudflare has been enabled. Utilize tools like as Google Page Speed Insights to monitor the progress that has been made in terms of the loading speed of your website. In addition, Cloudflare's dashboard includes in-depth statistics, allowing you to keep track of both traffic and security events in real time.

Adjust the settings for the cache

Even while Cloudflare caches a significant portion of your website's content automatically, you have the ability to fine-tune the caching settings to achieve the best possible performance. For instance, if your website has dynamic material that is updated on a regular basis, you might want to reduce the amount of time that the cache expires in order to guarantee that customers always receive the most recent updates.

Make use of the page rules

Through the use of Cloudflare's Page Rules, you are able to establish particular guidelines for how Cloudflare handles particular sections of your website. As an illustration, you have the ability to stop caching for administrative sites or to apply more stringent security settings for sales pages. This grants you a greater degree of control over the manner in which Cloudflare manages certain aspects of your website.

Conclusion-

The CloudFlare Content Delivery Network is one of the finest options for you if you are trying to improve the speed and security of your website, as well as if you are searching for a single solution to improve the experience that your customers have with your business. You will be able to improve the speed of your website, improve its security, optimize your photos, save bandwidth, and more with its assistance. There are additional benefits that you may take use of in addition to web hosting packages, such as performance optimization and network security.

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