#cytol

[mockupcloud]

CytoLED | Brand Identity

Mockups used in this project 👉 mockupcloud.com

Design by dlogocorner

[trashkyrie-a]

"I began to forget myself in the middle of sentences"

atwood. / @cytol

                  ❛     hmm. usually it takes me four or                   five bottles of liquor to get to that                   point. lucky.       ❜

[tokillabarton]

Accents!

get ready to hear me butcher english my dudes

ACCENTS: 4/10. [ x ]@cytol.

[rokovoya]

"Hey! I said stay awake!"

INJURIES | accepting

VAGUELY —- AS IF muffled by something and coming from far away —- natasha can hear a voice trying to reach her. she doesn’t remember when she’d made the decision to rest her head on the cold floor, but the chill of concrete against her skin is one of the few sensations she can separate from the pain. 

there have been enough close calls such as this one, enough times when the black widow had almost gotten caught in her own web for her to know that the voice was right —-she can’t close her eyes. blinking, she looks up and tries for a half-hearted smile that she’s sure comes off as more of a grimace, and somehow manages a single-syllable response.

                 ‘ ow. ’

[fuckinlasso-blog]

                     “ no -- just --- sorry, but i’m gonna have to stop you there ‘cause i didn’t understand a lick of what you just said. ”

@cytol​

[xflorianngx]

Récupération 🚨 #cytoled #redlight #recovery #light #red #photobiomodulation #redlighttherapy #physicaltherapy #health #sante #wellness #rouge #systemichealth #optimization #relaxation #zen #performance #body #corps @cytoledmedia (à Home Sweet Home) https://www.instagram.com/p/CZ-Q1TuMTZO/?utm_medium=tumblr

[kpellinore]

It seems I have never made a post about a cittern! Let’s fix that. First, this great performance - and then some info...(from Wikipedia)

“The cittern or cithren is a stringed instrument dating from the Renaissance. Modern scholars debate its exact history, but it is generally accepted that it is descended from the Medieval citole, or cytole. It looks much like the modern-day flat-back mandolin and the modern Irish bouzouki. Its flat-back design was simpler and cheaper to construct than the lute. It was also easier to play, smaller, less delicate and more portable. Played by all classes, the cittern was a premier instrument of casual music-making much as is the guitar today.

The cittern is one of the few metal-strung instruments known from the Renaissance period. It generally has four courses (single, pairs or threes) of strings, one or more course being usually tuned in octaves, though instruments with more or fewer courses were made. The cittern may have a range of only an octave between its lowest and highest strings and employs a re-entrant tuning – a tuning in which the string that is physically uppermost is not the lowest, as is also the case with the five-string banjo and most ukuleles for example. The tuning and narrow range allow the player a number of simple chord shapes useful for both simple song accompaniment and dances, however much more complex music was written for it. Its bright and cheerful timbre make it a valuable counterpoint to gut-strung instruments. The Spanish bandurria, still used today, is a similar instrument.

[moleculardepot]

Cytological Correlates of Axillary Nodal Involvement in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast. A new interesting article has been published in J Cytol. 2019 Jul-Sep;36(3):142-145. doi: 10.4103/JOC.JOC_197_18. and titled:

[healthtimetaylor]

Non-ionic detergents containing a nonyl phenoxy side chain or anionic detergents caused swelling of the mitochondria and activation of Mg-ATPase

PMID:  J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1958 Jan 25 ;4(1):73-82. PMID: 13502431 Abstract Title:  Effect of synthetic detergents on the swelling and the ATPase of mitochondria isolated from rat liver. Abstract:  A study was made of the effects of various types of detergents on the swelling of isolated mitochondria and on mitochondrial ATPases which are activated by Mg or DNP respectively. The rate of swelling was measured in the Beckman spectrophotometer by following the decrease in turbidity of dilute suspensions of these organelles. It was found that non-ionic detergents containing a nonyl phenoxy side chain or anionic detergents caused swelling of the mitochondria and activation of Mg-ATPase. On the other hand, cationic detergents promoted the clumping of mitochondria and did not activate Mg-ATPase. DNP-ATPase was inhibited by all of the detergents tested. It would appear from these observations that the inhibition of DNP-ATPase is not related to a gross change in the morphology of the organelles; in contrast, the activation of Mg-ATPase definitely is correlated with swelling of the isolated mitochondria. These data also suggest that the ionic detergents combine with charged sites on the protein moiety of the lipoprotein in the mitochondrial surface, whereas the non-ionic detergents form inclusion compounds with the lipide moiety, thereby altering the mitochondrial structure and permeability.

read more

[lilywhiteflower-blog]

Laboratory Isolators Market - Assessment of niche industry developments by 2025

Global Laboratory Isolators Market: Overview

Laboratory isolators are used to provide aseptic processing and accelerate microbiological control in the laboratory and other healthcare facilities. The range of use of lab isolators can be diversified through clinics, pharmaceutical industries, and other minority usage scopes. In addition, laboratory isolators also permit aseptic operations and sterility testing for laboratory processes through continuous contaminant removal processes. These isolators are also used in several healthcare facilities including pharmaceutical industries, clinics, laboratory, and research facilities.

The microbial control using laboratory isolators can be done through sterilization processes, microbiologically retentive filters, and sporicidal processes. The selection isolator types is commonly based on their sporicidal capacities. Factors such as biological indicators and gas distribution can modify this sporicidal capacity to a large extent. In addition, the efficacy of the laboratory isolators also depends on the air change rate of the instrument and use of laminar, unidirectional or turbulent air flow of the system.

Request Sample Copy of the Report @

https://www.tmrresearch.com/sample/sample?flag=B&rep_id=99

Global Laboratory Isolators Market: Top Segments

The global laboratory isolators market can be segmented on the basis of its various types. The key types of laboratory isolators found today include flexible film isolators, flexible half-suit isolators, rigid isolators, rigid half-suit isolators, and transfer isolators.

Global Laboratory Isolators Market: Key Trends and Drivers

Of the several advantages of owning laboratory isolators, its global market is being driven by their cost-effectiveness, low spatial uptake requirement, and their easy maintenance. In addition, technological advancements and the introduction of innovative equipment by leaders in the global laboratory isolators market is likely to stimulate the market growth over the coming years.

For instance, Geneva Scientific LLC currently offers Hospital Pharmacy Isolators for negative and positive recirculation pressure. This device provides a superior sterility of products as compared to open front clean air systems such as biological safety cabinets and laminar flow clean benches. Class Biologically Clean, Ltd. offers Breeder Isolators that are featured with a polypropylene holding box. This device is use to breed selective colonies of germ-free rodents with the company’s flexible film materials. Similar introductions will positively work in the favor of the global laboratory isolators market by providing a healthy competitive platform for the development of newer products.

Request TOC of the Report @

https://www.tmrresearch.com/sample/sample?flag=T&rep_id=99

However, high cost of laboratory isolators is currently restraining the global laboratory isolators market in terms of overall growth rate, especially when it comes to implementing newer and often costlier products in developing economies. Additionally, stringent regulatory policies surrounding the use of laboratory isolators will further create hindrances for the overall growth rate of the market.

Global Laboratory Isolators Market: Regional Analysis

Geographically, North America was considered as the leading region for the consumption of laboratory isolators so far, owing to the high volume uptake of these devices by a large number of research laboratories and pharmaceutical companies within the region. In addition, the introduction of advanced laboratory isolators by key domiciled players is likely to improve the growth rate of the market within the region for the coming years. Europe has been in the second place within the global laboratory isolators market in terms of demand volume so far. Its growth was mainly attributed to the multiple initiatives taken up by European governments to develop the overall healthcare infrastructure in Europe. Europe also holds the presence of several leaders in the global laboratory isolators market that are persistent in their efforts to bring about innovative products. One such example can be found in Azbil Telstar, S.L., which offers different types of laboratory isolators, including the Cytolators, the MSC III and the Sterilatos. These offerings increase the level of acceptance for the global laboratory isolators market in Europe, further driving the market’s growth here.

Asia Pacific is the currently considered as the emerging region in the global laboratory isolators market, owing to a rising acceptance of laboratory isolators by pharmaceutical companies and clinical laboratories. In addition, improving healthcare infrastructure India and China as well the Middle East countries is likely to boost the global laboratory isolators market over the coming years.

Global Laboratory Isolators Market: Players Mentioned in the Report

Some of the more prominent companies in the global laboratory isolators market so far have included GENEVA SCIENTIFIC LLC, Class Biologically Clean, Ltd., Noroit Corporation, Azbil Telstar, S.L., The Baker Company, and The Waldner Group.

Read Comprehensive Overview of Report @

https://www.tmrresearch.com/laboratory-isolators-market

About TMR Research

TMR Research is a premier provider of customized market research and consulting services to business entities keen on succeeding in today’s supercharged economic climate. Armed with an experienced, dedicated, and dynamic team of analysts, we are redefining the way our clients’ conduct business by providing them with authoritative and trusted research studies in tune with the latest methodologies and market trends.

[netmyname-blog]

Grimmell Kamiya DC

New Post has been published on https://nerret.com/netmyname/grimmell-kamiya/grimmell-kamiya-dc/

Grimmell Kamiya DC

Grimmell Kamiya DC Top Web Results.

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[treatmentdisease-blog]

New Post has been published on Details of the treatment of certain diseases. Human Diseases and methods of treatment

New Post has been published on http://bit.ly/2EgGcRJ

Cytology of soft tissue tumors pleomorphic sarcoma jain m, malhan p - j cytol synovial sarcoma symptoms knee

[vernicle]

Asbestos Exposed Groups and Chronic Interstitial Lung Disease

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1 detail is obvious, exposure to asbestos can be deadly.  There are a myriad of scientific studies focused to inspecting the connection amongst exposure and illness development.  1 exciting review is called, "Asbestos bodies in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. A review of 20 asbestos-uncovered people and comparison to sufferers with other long-term interstitial lung illnesses" by Roggli, V.L. Piantadosi, C.A. Bell, D.Y. Acta Cytol. (United States) Journal Volume: 5 – Here is an excerpt: "We analyzed the asbestos physique (AB) written content of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 20 sufferers with a record of occupational asbestos exposure, 31 sufferers with sarcoidosis and 5 sufferers with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The mobile lavage pellet was digested in sodium hypochlorite and filtered on to Nuclepore filters for AB quantification by gentle microscopy. Abs were being uncovered in 15 of 20 asbestos-uncovered people, 9 of 31 sarcoidosis circumstances and two of 5 sufferers with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. There was a statistically considerable variation in the selection of Abs per million cells recovered or per milliliter of recovered lavage fluid in the asbestos-uncovered group as as opposed to the other types of long-term interstitial lung illness. The highest ranges happened in sufferers with asbestosis. Substantial quantities of asbestos bodies in the lavage fluid (better than one AB/ten(6) cells) were being indicative of sizeable occupational asbestos exposure, whilst occasional bodies were being a nonspecific discovering."

A different exciting review is called, "Software of Sprayed Inorganic Fiber Made up of Asbestos: Occupational Wellbeing Dangers" by William B. Reitze William J. Nicholson Duncan A. Holaday Irving J. Selikoff - American Industrial Cleanliness Affiliation Journal, Volume 33, Challenge three March 1972 , web pages 178 – 191.  Here is an excerpt: "Summary About 40,000 tons of inorganic fibrous insulation made up of asbestos were being utilized in 1970 by the construction sector as a fireproofing material in the erection of multistoried structures. The software of this material by a spraying method creates serious contamination of the functioning environment. Asbestos fiber concentrations may perhaps assortment from 30 f/cc to a lot more than 100 f/cc. Some early observations of the exposures and health and fitness of the workmen in this comparatively new occupation are specified with photos of the functioning regions. Close by employees may perhaps be indirectly uncovered. This kind of concentrations were being uncovered to be 70 f/cc 10 toes from the spraying and 46 f/cc seventy-five toes absent. Command steps are discussed."

A third review is called, "Impact of asbestos on lipid peroxidation in the pink cells." By S Gabor, Z Anca - Br J Ind Med 197532:39-forty one.  Here is an excerpt: "Summary - In vitro exposure of pink cells to vie Worldwide Union against Cancer (UICC) normal reference asbestos samples resulted in an enhance of thiobarbituric acid substances. Chrysotiles formulated the most significant quantities of lipid peroxides, followed by anthophyllite, amosite, and crocidolite in decreasing order. When compared with the command samples erythrocytes no cost of dusts, all styles of the asbestos examined disclosed considerable dissimilarities. The effects acquired present guidance for the cytotoxic likely of amosite and crocidolite and, on the other hand, advise that a lipid peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids may perhaps be associated in the mechanisms(s) of membrane-detrimental results of asbestos dusts.

A different review is called, "Mineralogic parameters linked to amosite asbestos-induced fibrosis in people." By Churg A, Wright J, Wiggs B, Depaoli L. - Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990 Dec142(6 Pt one):1331-6.  Here is an excerpt: "Summary - We have earlier demonstrated that in the lungs of a group of chrysotile miners and millers, quality of interstitial fibrosis (asbestosis) is specifically proportional to tremolite fiber or chrysotile fiber focus but is inversely proportional to indicate fiber duration and duration-linked parameters. To assess the results of the industrial amphibole asbestos amosite on parenchymal fibrosis, we histologically graded fibrosis in four various web pages in the lungs of 20 shipyard and insulation employees with significant amosite exposure and calculated by analytic electron microscopy fiber focus and sizing in corresponding portions of lung tissue. Fibrosis quality was uncovered to be strongly positively correlated with amosite focus and negatively correlated with indicate fiber sizing parameters, like fiber duration, width, floor area, and mass. A comparison of our current effects with our details on the chrysotile miners and millers showed that the regression strains of fibrosis quality versus focus for amosite, chrysotile, and tremolite were being statistically various. These findings suggest that amosite focus, like chrysotile and tremolite focus, is closely and specifically linked to fibrosis at the area lung stage. Also, these observations all over again elevate the probability that short fibers may perhaps be a lot more important than is usually considered in the genesis of fibrosis in male. Last, the focus comparison details suggest that, fiber for fiber, amosite is a lot more fibrogenic than is chrysotile or tremolite, and indirectly advise that tremolite is a lot more fibrogenic than is chrysotile."

We all owe a debt of gratitude to these fantastic researchers for their really hard perform and perseverance.  If you uncovered any of these excerpts exciting, be sure to study the scientific studies in their entirety.

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[kimtowell]

Top 7 Baicalin Benefits – Chinese Skullcap, Huang Qin, Scutellaria Baicalensis, Hooded Willow Herb

Baicalin is a great herbal supplement for health benefits. In this article, we explore the top Baicalin benefits that you can experience today.

There are a number of different names that people use for Baicalin. These include the Chinese Skullcap, Huang Qin, Scutellaria baicalensis (the scientific name), and the Hooded Willow Herb. Less common names include Mad Bark and Baikal.

Baicalin has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine. In the past, it was used as a tonic for longevity and to promote a healthy heart and mind. Today, Baicalin extracts are used as a powerful dietary supplement. [1]

The Baicalin compound was originally extracted from the beautiful Blue Skullcap in traditional Chinese medicine.

1.    Relaxation and Stress Release - Skullcap for Calm!

Studies have suggested that Biacalin has the potential for strong stress relief and relaxation benefits. Baicalin acts on the GABA receptors in your brain, which are your body’s natural relaxation receptors. The GABA hormone is produced by your brain to promote sleep, pain-relief, and relaxation. [2]

Baicalin is specific in that it only targets the GABAA receptors (specifically alpha2- and alpha3- subtypes). This is thought to be the reason that the Baicalin benefits of relaxation and stress-relief occur without negative side effects like sedation or lethargy. [3]

Furthermore, although Baicalin is not known for producing sedative effects, researchers have found that it may enhance your sleeping patterns. Studies have found that taking Baicalin before sleep enhances both the slow wave sleep (SWS) and REM sleep phases. [4]

Check Out Our Range of Baicalin

2.    Neuroprotection - Baicalin helps protect your brain!

Researchers have known for some time that one of the top Baicalin benefits is its ability to produce neuroprotective effects. Remarkably, Baicalin is able to protect nerve cells from damage in conditions of stress. Most importantly, this has been shown during brain ischemia – a lack of blood/oxygen supply in the brain.

There are a number of biochemical mechanisms involved in Baicalin’s neuroprotective benefits. Scientists suggest that Baicalin’s interaction with the GABA system, with heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and with mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), are all mechanisms behind its extraordinary ability to provide protection to your brain. [5]

Studies suggest that Baicalin is able to offer protection to your brain, even at low doses

3.    May Help to Boost Learning Capacity

Studies have indicated that Baicalin extracts may have an ability to enhance memory and learning abilities. A number of animal studies have shown improvements in focus and memory-orientated tasks after using a Baicalin extract. [6]

Researchers have even shown that Baicalin extracts may be as effective as some Nootropic substances in promoting enhanced memory and learning. For example, an animal study from 2001 found that Baicalin was as effective as Piracetam in enhancing focused attention. [7]

The exact mechanisms for the Baicalin benefits of improvement in focus and memory are still being elaborated on by scientists. There is also still a need for further research into the effects of Biacalin extract on learning in human participants as most studies have been conducted in animals. [8]

Check Out Our Range of Baicalin

4.    Helps Promote a Healthy Circulatory System

One important way that Baicalin extracts help to promote a healthy circulatory system is by enhancing nitric oxide levels in your blood. Scientists have found that even a very low dosage of Baicalin is effective at raising nitric oxide levels. [9]

Nitric oxide is important in maintaining a health blood pressure. If your body doesn’t produce enough nitric oxide, this is known as endothelial dysfunction and is a major risk factor for hypertension and heart disease. Nitric oxide is responsible for vasodilation – expanding the diameter of your blood vessels, thereby lowering blood pressure. [10]

Other studies have indicated that Baicalin supplements could have the potential to help reduce the fat content in your blood. Animal studies showed that after 16 weeks of Baicalin use, animals on a high-fat diet had a lower weight and less fat accumulated in their livers than those not on Baicalin. Furthermore, the animals that were given Baicalin had significantly lower cholesterol, free fatty acid, and insulin levels in their blood. [11]

Research shows that Baicalin helps to support a healthy circulatory system

5.    Helps Promote Good Blood Glucose Levels

Blood sugar levels are especially important for people suffering from diabetes. However, maintaining healthy blood sugar levels is also important for otherwise healthy people.

Animal studies have suggested that Baicalin may have the potential to reduce the blood sugar levels. For example, studies have found that Baicalin improve the functions of AMPK enzyme, which is known to reduce blood sugar levels. [12]

At least one study has shown that high doses of Baicalin may have similar effects to a common agent prescribed for reducing blood glucose levels in diabetics. It is possible that Baicalin is better at reducing insulin levels than blood glucose, and more studies are needed to better understand this process. [13]

 6.    Helps Reduce Inflammation

Baicalin extracts have strong anti-inflammatory effects. This is especially relevant to macrophages and immune cells. Macrophages are immune cells that are involved in your body’s inflammation response. Macrophages are specifically involved in the initiation, maintenance, and resolution of inflammation. [14]

Studies have shown that extracts from the Chinese Skullcap can activate the anti-inflammatory activity of macrophages. It seems that the mechanism involved is a binding action to the estrogen receptors of macrophages. [15]

Baicalin has also been shown to interrupt the activity of chemokines in inflammation. Baicalin produces a reduction in the activity of selected chemokines. This helps to reduce the body’s inflammation. This action seems to be through Baicalin’s binding to various chemokine ligands are thereby disrupting their activity. [16]

Baicalin is a great addition to a healthy diet in helping to promote good health

7.    Antiviral and Antibiotic Research

Baicalin has been researched for its potential effects in reducing viral replication and to act as a natural antibiotic agent. These potential Baicalin benefits are still be researched but may well prove to have useful applications in future.

For example, scientists have found that a dose of Baicalin extract is able to inhibit HIV replication, especially when combined with zinc. A Baicalin-zinc complex is able to reduce HIV activity and limit the potential of HIV-1 to enter into cells. [17]

In terms of bacterial infections, studies have shown that Baicalin may have the ability to reduce infection of some bacteria strains, including Streptococcus aureus. Baicalin binds to a compound that is released by the bacteria to improve its infection success. By binding to this compound, Baicalin is able to reduce the infection of S. Aureus.

Check Out Our Range of Baicalin

Conclusion - Top Baicalin Benefits Explored

In conclusion, Baicalain is a powerful natural supplement and health promoter. It has a wide range of health benefits including the promotion of relaxation and stress relief, neuroprotection, and boosting memory and learning potentials. Further Baicalin benefits include promoting a healthy circulatory system, promoting a healthy blood sugar level, reducing inflammation, and possibly acting as an antiviral/antibiotic substance.

These top Baicalin benefits are all recorded in various scientific journals by prestigious scientists. However, the majority of the data today is still taken from animal studies. There is a need for more studies on the effects of Baicalin in humans. Specifically, how do the Baicalin benefits elucidated in animal models prove to work in humans?

One thing for sure is that this ancient plant species has a great range of potential benefits for those who use it. Baicalin benefits are great for people of all ages. Baicalin is a remarkably safe dietary compound with a history of use that dates back to traditional Chinese medicine thousands of years ago.

Baicalin was originally an important part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)

References:

[1] “Scutellaria baicalensis”, Examine.com, accessed April 27, 2017

[2] M Watanabe et al., “GABA and GABA receptors in the central nervous system and other organs”, Int Rev Cytol. 2002;213:1-47.

[3] F Wang et al., “GABA A receptor subtype selectivity underlying selective anxiolytic effect of baicalin”, Neuropharmacology. 2008 Dec;55(7):1231-7.

[4] HH Chang et al., “Biphasic effects of baicalin, an active constituent of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, in the spontaneous sleep-wake regulation”, J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 May 17;135(2):359-68.

[5]  J Dai et al., “Activations of GABAergic signaling, HSP70 and MAPK cascades are involved in baicalin's neuroprotection against gerbil global ischemia/reperfusion injury”, Brain Res Bull. 2013 Jan;90:1-9.

[6] HR Song et al., “Scutellaria flavonoid supplementation reverses ageing-related cognitive impairment and neuronal changes in aged rats”, Brain Inj. 2009 Feb;23(2):146-53.

[7] YZ Shang et al., “Improving effects of SSF on memory deficits and pathological changes of neural and immunological systems in senescent mice”, Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2001 Dec;22(12):1078-83.

[8] C Chen et al., “Baicalin attenuates Alzheimer-like pathological changes and memory deficits induced by amyloid β1–42 protein”, Metabolic Brain Disease, April 2015, Volume 30, Issue 2, pp 537–544

[9] Z Chen et al., “Identification of a nitric oxide generation-stimulative principle in Scutellariae radix”, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2013;77(3):657-9. Epub 2013 Mar 7.

[10] M Hermann et al., “Nitric oxide in hypertension”, J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2006 Dec;8(12 Suppl 4):17-29.

[11] HX Guo et al., “Long-term baicalin administration ameliorates metabolic disorders and hepatic steatosis in rats given a high-fat diet”, Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2009 Nov;30(11):1505-12

[12] Y Xi et al., “Baicalin Attenuates High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Liver Dysfunction: Dose-Response and Potential Role of CaMKKβ/AMPK/ACC Pathway”, Cell Physiol Biochem. 2015;35(6):2349-59.

[13] VY Waisundara et al., “Scutellaria baicalensis enhances the anti-diabetic activity of metformin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats”, Am J Chin Med. 2008;36(3):517-40.

[14] N Fujiwara, K Kobayashi,  “Macrophages in inflammation”, Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy. 2005 Jun;4(3):281-6.

[15] GW Fan et al., “Anti-inflammatory activity of baicalein in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages via estrogen receptor and NF-κB-dependent pathways”, Inflammation. 2013 Dec;36(6):1584-91

[16] BQ Li et al., “The flavonoid baicalin exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by binding to chemokines”, Immunopharmacology. 2000 Sep;49(3):295-306.

[17] Q Wang et al., “Zinc coupling potentiates anti-HIV-1 activity of baicalin”, Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Nov 12;324(2):605-10.

The post Top 7 Baicalin Benefits – Chinese Skullcap, Huang Qin, Scutellaria Baicalensis, Hooded Willow Herb appeared first on LiftMode Blog. Top 7 Baicalin Benefits – Chinese Skullcap, Huang Qin, Scutellaria Baicalensis, Hooded Willow Herb published first on https://liftmode.blogspot.com/

[supermajiceus]

Podstawy naukowe dla stosowania probiotyków i prebiotyków

Mikroflora jelitowa i jej znaczenie w otyłości oraz regulacji procesów metabolicznych  organizmu

Mikroflora jelitowa reguluje pozyskiwanie energii z pożywienia i wpływa na proces jej magazynowania w organizmie człowieka (27). U osób zdrowych prawidłowa mikroflora i szczelna bariera jelitowa zapobiegają przenikaniu toksyn z przewodu pokarmowego do organizmu. U osób z nadwagą i otyłością stwierdza się zaburzenia mikroflory jelitowej, czyli dysbiozę. W dysbiozie dochodzi do zmniejszenia ilości, różnorodności i funkcji szczepów bakteryjnych występujących w przewodzie pokarmowym (28). Obserwuje się zmniejszenie ilości niektórych szczepów bakterii Gram dodatnich (przede wszystkich bifidobakterii, pałeczek kwasu mlekowego, a także bakterii z gatunku Clostridium leptum), odpowiedzialnych za wytwarzanie substancji ochronnych i przeciwzapalnych.

W przewodzie pokarmowym zaczyna dominować rodzaj bakterii Gram dodatnich -Mollicutes (29) (Rycina 12).

Mollicutes charakteryzują się wyjątkową zdolnością i wysoką wydajnością w pozyskiwaniu energii z pożywienia, która jest magazynowana w tkance tłuszczowej (29). Ponadto bakterie te mogą przenikać przez uszkodzoną barierę jelitową do organizmu, wywołując przewlekły stan zapalny. W opublikowanych badaniach wykazano nawet obecność bakterii z rodzaju Mollicutes w rożnych tkankach i narządach (30). Dysbioza wywołuje liczne następstwa niekorzystne dla zdrowia i jest przyczyną dysfunkcji bariery jelitowej. W wyniku tego dochodzi do tzw. endotoksemii, czyli zatrucia organizmu antygenami  i substancjami pochodzenia bakteryjnego (31). Prowadzi to do zaburzenia wielu procesów metabolicznych w organizmie człowieka (32, 33). Wykazano, że bakterie probiotyczne, w szczególności bifidobakterie zapobiegają endotoksemii, a ich brak jest ściśle związany z jej narastaniem (34). Ponadto w licznych pracach udowodniono związek endotoksemii z większą masą ciała ( im więcej toksyn tym większa masa ciała), nieprawidłową tolerancją glukozy i cukrzycą (im większa endotoksemia tym gorsza regulacja stężenia cukru we krwi), podwyższonym stężeniem cholesterolu we krwi oraz występowaniem miażdzycy i nadciśnienia tętniczego (35, 36, 37, 38, 39).

Rycina. Wpływ diety na mikroflorę jelitową człowieka

Dysbioza i jej znaczenie w zespole metabolicznym

W przypadku stwierdzenia współwystępowania nadwagi lub otyłości, nieprawidłowej gospodarki cukrowej i lipidowej oraz nadciśnienia mówimy o zespole metabolicznym. Stwarza on duże zagrożenie wystąpienia chorób układu krążenia (główna przyczyna śmierci w naszym kraju), nowotworów (szczególnie raka jelita grubego) oraz przedwczesnej śmierci (40). Wśród licznych czynników wywołujących dysbiozę można wymienić nieprawidłową dietę, brak ruchu, stres a także przyjmowanie niektórych leków.

Rycina. Sekwencja zdarzeń prowadząca do zespołu metabolicznego i jego powikłań.

Dieta bogatotłuszczowa, bogatobiałkowa, uboga w nienasycone kwasy tłuszczowe i błonnik roślinny prowadzi do zwiększenia liczby bakterii Gram ujemnych produkujących lipopolisacharydy, które przenikają do krążenia ogólnoustrojowego. Upośledzenie bariery jelitowej i przenikanie toksyn bakteryjnych z przewodu pokarmowego do organizmu wywołuje przewlekły stan zapalny, prowadzi do insulino oporności i wzrostu stężenia szkodliwych frakcji cholesterolu we krwi. Szczególnie niekorzystny efekt jaki wywołuje dieta bogatotłuszczowa to zmniejszenie ilości bifidobakterii (41). Dieta bogata w błonnik i prebiotyki zwiększa ilość bifidobakterii, ogranicza endotoksemię i w konsekwencji zmniejsza ogólnoustrojową reakcję zapalną, poprawiając tym samym procesy metaboliczne (42, 43, 44).

Rycina. Endotoksemia i mikroflowa jelitowa a masa ciała

Coraz większą rolę, w modulacji mikroflory jelitowej i związanego z nią mikrobiomu przypisuje się także probiotykom (45, 46, 47). Przykładowe wyniki badań obrazujące zależność pomiędzy liczbą bifidobakterii w przewodzie pokarmowym a zawartością toksyn pochodzenia jelitowego (endotoksemia) i wpływ na masę ciała przedstawiono na rycinie 14 (38):

Przyjmowanie szczególnych probiotyków i prebiotyków, zapewnia zróżnicowaną, dobrze funkcjonującą mikroflorę jelitową, która gwarantuje optymalne odzyskiwanie energii z pożywienia i jej magazynowanie w organizmie, co z kolei sprzyja uzyskaniu prawidłowej sylwetki i masy ciała.

Szczególne probiotyki modulują mikroflorę jelitową, poprzez zwiększenie liczby bakterii z rodzaju bifidobakterii i pałeczek kwasu mlekowego (3). Prebiotyki zawarte w preparacie stymulują wzrost endogennych bakterii w przewodzie pokarmowym człowieka. Oligofruktosacharydy zawarte w preparacie zwiększają uczucie sytości i ograniczają łaknienie (44).

Szczególne probiotyki poprawiają działanie i szczelność bariery jelitowej (3) co prowadzi do ograniczenia wewnętrznej toksemii (zatrucia organizmu) i reakcji zapalnej, dodatkowo sprzyja poprawie insulinowrażliwości, gospodarki cukrowej i lipidowej.

Otyłość i nadwaga a choroby przewodu pokarmowego

Nadwaga i otyłość, to także stany, w których istnieje wyższe ryzyko występienia schorzeń przewodu pokarmowego (48,49). W tej grupie osób stwierdza się trzykrotnie częstsze występowanie stłuszczenia wątroby (NAFLD – non-alcoholic fatty liver disease – niealkoholowe stłuszczenie wątroby) oraz dwa razy szybszą progresję tego schorzenia do marskości wątroby. U osób z chorobami wątroby stwierdza się upośledzoną fukcję bariery jelitowej i wysokie wartości toksyn pochodzenia jelitowego (endotoksemii) w organizmnie. Endotoksemia prowadzi do groźnych dla życia powikłań, szczególnie w marskości wątroby. Ograniczenie endotoksemii, wskutek modyfikacji mikroflory jelitowej i poprawy szczelności i funkcji bariery jelitowej jest związane ze spadkiem ryzyka występienia tych powikłań (50). Osoba z nadwagą i otyłością jest znacznie częściej narażona na wystąpienie nieprzyjemne objawów związanych z zarzucaniem kwasu żołądkowego do przełyku, zapaleniem przełyku i objawami jelitowymi o charakterze zespołu jelita nadwrażliwego, takimi jak wzdęcia, zaparcia i bole brzucha. Szczególne zagrożenie stanowią choroby nowotworowe, na ktore narażony jest człowiek z nieprawidłową masą ciała. U tych osób stwierdzono zwiększone ryzyko zachorowania na następujące nowotwory przewodu pokarmowego: rak wątroby (wzrost ryzyka o 30-50%), rak pęcherzyka żółciowego (wzrost ryzyka o 30-85%), rak przełyku (dwukrotny wzrost ryzyka), polipy (100%) i rak jelita grubego (dwukrotnie wyższe ryzyko), oraz rak trzustki (wyższe ryzyko o 35-85% ). Ponadto osoby z nieprawidłowym wskaźnikiem masy ciała oraz współistniejącą kamicą żółciową są częściej narażone na ostre zapalenie trzustki o ciężkim przebiegu. Na rycinie 15 przedstawiono schemat obrazujący związek nieprawidłowej masy ciała z chorobami przewodu pokarmowego.

Rycina. Nadwaga i otyłość są związane z częstym występowaniem oraz zwiększonym ryzykiem chorób przewodu pokarmowego (48)

Regularne przyjmowanie probiotyków, zapewnia zróżnicowaną i dobrze funkcjonującą mikroflorę jelitową, która uszczelnia nabłonek jelitowy, poprawia funkcję bariery jelitowej oraz sprzyja odzyskaniu prawidłowej masy ciała.

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