#cyclone amphan speed

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Extreme Weather in India: Visualizing Life Loss Statistics

India, with its diverse climate and vast geographical expanse, is increasingly bearing the brunt of extreme weather conditions. In recent years, the frequency and intensity of these extreme events have surged, driven in part by climate change. This escalating pattern has had a dire impact on human life, with thousands losing their lives annually due to natural disasters like floods, droughts, and storms.

According to the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), over 1304 people lost their lives in 2022 alone due to natural calamities, marking a sharp rise from previous years. Cyclones, such as Cyclone Fani and Cyclone Amphan, have wreaked havoc along the eastern coast, displacing millions and causing numerous fatalities.

Floods remain a perennial threat, with states like Assam, Bihar, and Kerala witnessing devastating inundations. In 2022, floods claimed over 605 lives, as per the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD). We created this infographic that explores the stark increase in weather-related fatalities in India focusing on the most vulnerable regions.

Agriculture and the danger of lightning

Agriculture is one of the most vulnerable occupations when it comes to extreme weather, particularly lightning. Farmers and agricultural workers often spend long hours outdoors, increasing their risk of lightning strikes. According to the National Weather Service Lightning Fatalities of India, lightning accounted for over 53.2% of all deaths caused by natural disasters in 2022, with a significant proportion of victims being farmers.

In 2022, Bihar experienced notably high death rates due to thunderstorms and lightning, with 236 fatalities. Madhya Pradesh and UP are among other states with high amounts of deaths due to lightning. Several factors contribute to this alarming trend. These states are geographically prone to severe thunderstorms and lightning, especially during the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons. Bihar particularly experiences intense storms that bring heavy rainfall, strong winds, and frequent lightning strikes. As a significant portion of the population relies on agriculture, requiring them to work outdoors, this increases their exposure to lightning strikes, as they often lack safe shelters during sudden storms.

Additionally, there is a lack of widespread awareness and education about lightning safety in rural areas. Many people are unaware of the necessary precautions to take during thunderstorms, such as avoiding open fields, seeking proper shelter, and staying away from trees and tall objects. Moreover, infrastructure in rural regions is often inadequate. The absence of lightning rods and other protective measures in homes and public buildings leaves people vulnerable.

Combining geographical vulnerability, occupational exposure, lack of awareness, inadequate infrastructure, and insufficient emergency response contribute to the high death rates from thunderstorms and lightning in Bihar and Madhya Pradesh.

Preparedness and reducing deaths from Cyclones

The Super Cyclone of 1999 was a catastrophic event that devastated Odisha, India. With wind speeds exceeding 260 km/h and a storm surge up to 7 meters high, it caused unprecedented destruction. Over 10,000 people lost their lives, and millions were left homeless. The cyclone destroyed infrastructure, agriculture, and livestock, leading to severe economic losses and long-term hardship for the affected communities.

In recent years, Odisha has made significant strides in cyclone preparedness and disaster management. By 2022, the state had implemented several measures to mitigate the impact of cyclones. These included the construction of robust cyclone shelters and embankments, improving early warning systems, and conducting regular community awareness and preparedness programs. The Odisha State Disaster Management Authority (OSDMA) has played a crucial role in coordinating these efforts.

The state has also invested in modern technology for real-time weather monitoring and forecasting, ensuring timely and accurate warnings. During cyclones, efficient evacuation plans and pre-positioning of relief materials have significantly reduced casualties and damage. The state’s proactive approach and community involvement have transformed Odisha into a model for disaster resilience, showcasing how effective planning and preparedness can mitigate the impact of natural disasters. The initiatives have become a case study for the other states and improved preparedness which reduced the deaths from extreme cyclones.

Climate Change and Extreme Weather

Climate change significantly contributes to extreme weather events, leading to increased floods, heavy rains, high winds, thunderstorms, and lightning. In 2022, these phenomena had a profound impact on Indian states.

Rising global temperatures cause more evaporation, leading to increased moisture in the atmosphere. This results in heavier and more unpredictable rainfall, often causing flash floods. Indian states like Assam and Bihar experienced severe floods due to excessive monsoon rains exacerbated by climate change.

Additionally, warming oceans contribute to the intensity of cyclones and storms. Higher sea surface temperatures provide more energy for storms, leading to stronger winds and increased rainfall. Coastal states like Odisha and West Bengal faced more intense cyclones, with destructive high winds and storm surges.

[superpruchika99world]

How this mangrove forest withstood cyclone Amphan, saved a national park

General News The tropical cyclone had triggered damage in coastal parts, but it had spared Bhitarkanika National Park (BNP) and adjoining hamlets in Kendrapara district with lush-green luxuriant mangrove cover acting protective barrier to natures fury.

Almost a fortnight after the cyclonic storm, the national park authorities have come out with brighter and cheering notes - the mangrove forest successfully withstood the wind velocity of the cyclone.

ALSO READ: Delhi govt asks Covid-19 hospitals to make oxygen available on all beds

Because of the thick density of mangrove forest in Bhitarkanika, the flora and fauna of the park were unharmed due to the cyclone, said Divisional Forest Officer, Rajnagar Mangrove (wildlife) Forest Division, Bikash Ranjan Dash.

The villages on the close periphery of the national park were also saved as the mangrove cover acted as a buffer zone in protecting the human settlements, he said...Read more.

[few-favorite-things]

kolkata news News : প্রবল দুর্যোগ, বুধবার কেউ বাড়ি থেকে বেরোবেন না: মমতা – cyclone amphan: stay indoors as this super cyclone could be more devastating than aila and bulbul, says mamata banerjee হাইলাইটস দক্ষিণবঙ্গে ইতিমধ্যেই এই ঝড়ে প্রভাব শুরু হয়ে গিয়েছে। বুধবার সারাদিনই ঝোড়ো হাওয়ার সঙ্গে অতিভারী বৃষ্টি হবে কলকাতায়। …

[youtuberonthego]

Here we talk about how, who and why cyclones are named.

[newscountryindia]

Cyclone Amphan leaves Kolkata Airport runway flooded, aircraft submerged. Watch Video Image Source : PTI Cyclone Amphan leaves Kolkata Airport runway flooded Cyclone Amphan has left a trail of destruction in Odisha and West Bengal.

[khabrisala]

‘Amphan’ intensifies into super cyclone, wind speed above 200 km per hour Image Source : PTI File The India Meteorological Department on Monday said that extremely severe cyclonic storm "Amphan" over the west and central parts of Bay of Bengal has intensified into a "super cyclone" with wind speed above 200 km per hour.

[luke-o-lophus]

Earnest request to read till end.

Short: Will draw art/write for anyone donating to Cyclone Amphan relief. $1 will do.

Long: My state (West Bengal) of India was devastated by Cyclone Amphan on 20th May, 2020. It was an extremely severe cyclone that reached max speeds of 260kmph(160mph).

The devastation was massive and lockdown has made it even worse. Many govt and non govt organisations have been reaching out for relief.

We need help. Money.

To note, 1 dollar, just 1 dollar is ~75Rs which can provide 4 hot meals.

Please.

I'll share details of authentic orgs doing relief(govt, ngo, whatever you please), you donate to any of them, every dollar counts. Every dollar feeds FOUR people.

Send me a SS and I'll do the best i can to make digital art for your fandom/write one shots for your prompts, as a heartfelt thanks.

Please. We need you. My people are dying and there's so little i can do without help.

[few-favorite-things]

১৩০ কিলোমিটার বেগে ধেয়ে আসছে সুপার সাইক্লোন ‘আম্ফান’, কলকাতাতেও আতঙ্ক | Cyclone 'Amphan' can rush on Kolkata in speed of 130 kilometer per hour

১৩০ কিলোমিটার বেগে ধেয়ে আসছে সুপার সাইক্লোন ‘আম্ফান’, কলকাতাতেও আতঙ্ক | Cyclone ‘Amphan’ can rush on Kolkata in speed of 130 kilometer per hour

কলকাতায় কত গতিবেগ হবে আম্ফানের

হাওয়া অফিস জানিয়েছে, উপকূল বরাবর ঝড় বাংলাদশের দিকে ধেয়ে গেলেও, পশ্চিমবঙ্গের উপকূলবর্তী তিন জেলায় অর্থাৎ দুই ২৪ পরগনা ও পূর্ব মেদিনীপুরে ঝড়ের গতিবেগ সর্বোচ্চ থাকবে। আর কলকাতায় সর্বোচ্চ গতিবেগ হবে ১৩০ কিলোমিটার ঘণ্টায়। ১০০ থেকে ১২০ কিমি বেগে বইবে ঝড়।

অন্যান্য জেলায় কত গতিবেগ হবে

কলকাতা ছাড়াও হাওড়া, হুগলি ও পশ্চিম মেদিনীপুর বা নদিয়া প্রভৃতি জেলাতেও…

[brajeshupadhyay]

Cyclone Nisarga is fast approaching the coast of Maharashtra and Gujarat and will remain a severe cyclonic storm system till the evening on Wednesday, with wind reaching a maximum sustained speed of 100-110 kmph gusting to 120 kmph, a bulletin from the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) bulletin said. In a tweet, the IMD said the diameter of the eye is about 65 km as observed through the radar. As of Tuesday night, the storm lay centred over the East Central Arabian Sea, 290 kilometres west-northwest of Panjim, 290 kilometres south-southwest of Mumbai, 250 kilometres south-southwest of Alibaug and 500 kilometres south-southwest of Surat. It is likely to move north-northeastwards, the storm is expected to cross north Maharashtra and the adjoining south Gujarat coast between Harihareshwar and Daman, close to Alibaug on Wednesday afternoon. Nisarga is predicted to reduce in intensity to a cyclonic storm by Wednesday evening and then a deep depression by night, the bulletin said. North Konkan (comprising Mumbai, Palghar, Thane and Raigad districts) and north Madhya Maharashtra are expected to witness heavy rains on Wednesday, while light to moderate rainfall has been predicted over coastal Karnataka and Marathawada and west Madhya Pradesh. “Light to moderate rainfall at most places with heavy to very heavy falls at isolated places over south Konkan (Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg districts) and Goa and south Gujarat region (Valsad, Navsari, Dang, Daman, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Surat districts),“ the bulletin read. The Arabian Sea is likely to be very rough over the northeast along and off the south Gujarat coast and fishermen have been advised to completely suspend operations. Major damage to thatched houses and huts, roads, power and communication lines, embankments and coastal crops is expected. The strong winds are also expected to cause damage to trees, the IMD warning said. Cyclone Nisarga is the first such storm Mumbai will witness in over a century. It is expected to make landfall near Alibaug. Over 1,00,000 people, including some coronavirus patients, have been moved to safer locations in Mumbai, a report claimed. "The cyclone could be more severe than the ones the state has faced till now. Activities which had resumed (as part of easing of lockdown) will be kept shut there for the next two days, people should remain alert," Maharashtra Chief Minister Uddhav Thackeray said. Over 30 NDRF (National Disaster Response Force) teams have been deployed in areas expected to be affected along Maharashtra and Gujarat coasts. One NDRF team consists of 45 personnel. Three NDRF teams have been stationed in Mumbai, with two in Palghar and one each in Raigad, Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg. A control room has been established at the Maharashtra secretariat building and will be operational round the clock. Instructions have also been given to the Army, Air Force, Navy and the IMD to ensure coordination. Around 20,000 people from 47 coastal villages in Gujarat's Valsad and Navsari districts were evacuated, PTI reported. Cyclone Amphan, one of the worst storms to have formed over the Bay of Bengal in recent years, struck West Bengal and parts of Odisha last month, killing nearly 100 people and affecting lakhs. Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee estimated the damage done at Rs 1 lakh crore.

http://sansaartimes.blogspot.com/2020/06/cyclone-nisarga-may-bring-in-gale-force.html

[saathinews-blog]

Cyclone will cause heavy to extremely heavy rainfall in coastal districts of West Bengal. West Bengal districts of East Medinipur, South and North 24 Parganas, Howrah, Hooghly, Kolkata are likely to be worst affected by cyclone,” said government.

[newsmatters]

Cyclone Yaas LIVE Updates: IMD Warns of Highly Damaging Wind Speed, Similar to Tauktae and Amphan

Cyclone Yaas LIVE Updates: IMD Warns of Highly Damaging Wind Speed, Similar to Tauktae and Amphan

Cyclone Yaas LIVE Updates: Odisha and West Bengal brace for cyclonic storm Yaas that is brewing in the Bay of Bengal and is likely to hit the coasts on May 26. Source link

[khabrisala]

Amphan to intensify into Super Cyclone, wind speed upto 185 kmph expected Image Source : PTI Coimbatore: An uprooted tree damages a power line following a storm in Coimbatore, Sunday, May 17, 2020.

[bbcbreakingnews]

4 of 5 cyclones this year were in severe cyclonic storms category and above

NEW DELHI: Four of the five cyclones that originated either in the Bay of Bengal or in the Arabian Sea this year were in the category of severe cyclonic storm’ or above including Amphan which had escalated into a super cyclone. Formation of cyclones is not uncommon in the Arabian Sea during the pre-monsoon period and in the Bay of Bengal during the post-monsoon months of October to December. India Meteorological Department (IMD) Director General Mrutunjay Mohapatra said since 1990 four cyclones have formed every year in the seas along the eastern and western coasts (Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea) of the country. “It is normal to have five cyclones a year,” he said. ‘Amphan’ was the first cyclone of the year. It formed in the Bay of Bengal and intensified into a ‘super cyclonic storm’, the first since the super cyclone of Odisha that had ravaged the state in 1999, killing thousands. ‘Amphan’, however, weakened a bit to become an ‘extremely severe cyclonic storm’ and slammed the coasts of West Bengal and Bangladesh on May 19. Another circulation formed in the Arabian Sea within a fortnight, intensifying into a severe cyclonic storm which was called ‘Nisarga’. The storm hit Alibag, near Mumbai, and helped monsoon to arrive in Kerala on its normal date of June 1. Three cyclones – two in the Bay of Bengal and one in the Arabian Sea – have formed in the last one month. Cyclone ‘Gati’ intensified into a very severe cyclonic storm. It affected the western coast during its intensification stage, bringing rains over Kerala, but it crossed the Somalia coast on November 23. Another cyclone was brewing in the Bay of Bengal at the same time. Cyclone ‘Nivar’ was initially projected to be a ‘severe cyclonic storm’. However, it intensified into a ‘very severe cyclonic storm’, crossing the Tamil Nadu coast on the night of November 25. Less than a week later, another storm gathered momentum and intensified into a cyclonic storm. Cyclone ‘Burevi’ crossed the Sri Lanka coast on November 2 but as it crossed the south Tamil Nadu coast, having its intensity reduced to deep depression. Cyclones not only bring violent winds, but rains accompanied by storm surge. “A very severe cyclonic storm has a wind speed of 120-160 kilometres per hour and can uproot trees, partially damage communication lines and also damage thatched huts. “An extremely severe cyclonic storm can lead to catastrophic damage, uproot power and communication lines and damage houses and other infrastructure,” Mohapatra said. An extremely severe cyclonic storm has a wind speed of 160 to 220 kilometres per hour. The IMD chief added the storm surge during Amphan was up to 10 metres when sea waters travelled inland. But will there be more cyclones in the remaining part of the month? “Not in the next seven days at least,” said Mohapatra. “We are monitoring the developments as the period between October-December is known for formation of cyclones,” he added.

source https://bbcbreakingnews.com/2020/12/06/4-of-5-cyclones-this-year-were-in-severe-cyclonic-storms-category-and-above/

[few-favorite-things]

কলকাতায় ঢুকল আম্ফান, তীব্র তাণ্ডবে প্রাণ ভয়ে ছুটছেন বাসিন্দারা, ১৩০-১৪০ কিলোমিটার বেগে বইছে ঝড় | Super Cyclone Amphan enter Kolkata wind speed 130-140 kmps

কলকাতায় ঢুকল আম্ফান, তীব্র তাণ্ডবে প্রাণ ভয়ে ছুটছেন বাসিন্দারা, ১৩০-১৪০ কিলোমিটার বেগে বইছে ঝড় | Super Cyclone Amphan enter Kolkata wind speed 130-140 kmps

শহরে ঢুকল আম্ফান

অবশেষে বিকেল ৫টিয় শহরে ঢুকে পড়ল ঘূর্ণিঝড় আম্ফান। ঝড়ের তাণ্ডবে শহরের রাজ পথে একের পর ভেঙে পড়ছে গাছ। প্রাণ বাঁচাতে ছুটো ছুটি করছেন শহরের বাসিন্দারা। ট্যাংরায় এমনই করুণ ছবি ধরা পড়েছে। আতঙ্কে বাড়িতে থাকতে চাইছেন না তাঁরা। গোটা এলাকা গাছ পড়ে অবরুদ্ধ হয়ে গিয়েছে।

কলেজ স্ট্রিট লন্ডভন্ড

আম্ফানের দাপটে লন্ডভন্ড বইপাড়া, ট্রাম লাইনে একের পর এক গাছ ভেঙে পড়েছে রাস্তায়। ছোট…

[ladystylestores]

India’s cyclone response saves lives. Climate resilient infrastructure will save livelihoods

Nevertheless, disaster response teams launched a large-scale operation in Maharashtra and Gujarat states ahead of landfall to evacuate more than 100,000 people — including coronavirus patients — from the coast and move them to temporary shelters and other facilities.

Teams were dispatched to go door-to-door urging people living in low-lying areas to seek shelter and educating those who didn’t want to move.

Officials were concerned that storm surges would inundate the low-lying areas — where many people live in flimsy or makeshift housing — and that intense rainfall could lead to deadly flooding.

The response may have averted a bigger disaster as only one person is reported to have been killed in the storm, according to Anupam Srivastava, National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) commandant in Maharashtra.

“Apart from tin roofs flying off and treefall there isn’t much damage in the state and we expect to clear the roads by tomorrow,” Srivastava said on Wednesday.

Images show disaster teams on the ground in Maharashtra and neighboring Gujarat clearing trees and other debris from roads after wind speeds of 130 kph (81 mph) hit the region.

A 40 km (24 mile) stretch from Raigad to Alibag towns received the brunt of the damage — where winds stripped buildings of tin roofs and a small number of trees fell on houses.

Cyclones increasing in intensity

Last month, a study released by researchers at the University of Wisconsin in Madison and the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) found that hurricanes, typhoons, and tropical cyclones worldwide are becoming stronger and potentially more deadly as the globe warms due to the climate crisis.

Researchers found that the probability of storms reaching major hurricane status (category 3 or above on the Saffir-Simpson scale with winds in excess of 110 mph or higher), increased decade after decade.

Ahead of landfall, Cyclone Nisarga strengthened to the equivalent of just below a Category 1 Atlantic hurricane, or a severe cyclonic storm in the West Pacific.

It came two weeks after the strongest storm ever recorded in the Bay of Bengal hit India’s east coast and southwest Bangladesh. Cyclone Amphan weakened before making landfall but at one point was the equivalent of a Category 5 hurricane, with wind speeds of up to 270 kph (168 mph).

Amphan was just the second super cyclone to hit the Bay of Bengal since records began. At least 90 people were killed, hundreds of thousands were left homeless and the storm caused an estimated $13.2 billion dollars in damage in the state of West Bengal alone.

Though the damage was extensive, large-scale evacuation efforts appeared to have saved many lives. An ambitious evacuation mounted by India and Bangladesh saw an estimated 3 million people moved to safety across the two countries, according to regional authorities.

In May 2019, another powerful storm struck the eastern Indian state of Odisha as the equivalent of a Category 4 hurricane. More than 1 million people were evacuated before Cyclone Fani struck, killing 89 people.

To compare, during the last super cyclone to hit India in 1999 — which also impacted Odisha state — almost 10,000 people died.

It was a national tragedy that spurred an overhaul of India’s disaster response apparatus — the results of which have been visible in disasters since.

Lives saved, but damage remains extensive

To avoid a repeat of the 1999 tragedy, India created a new disaster response infrastructure.

In 2005, the country introduced new laws to set up what’s called the National Disaster Management Authority, a central agency charged with one thing: responding to and minimizing the impact of disasters.

A year later, in 2006, India established a National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), a specialized corps of highly trained men and women focused on disasters such as cyclones and earthquakes. It’s now comprised of almost 25,000 personnel.

Ahead of cyclones like Fani, Amphan and Nisarga, those specially trained responders worked with volunteers, local officials and NGOs, moving door-to-door along coastal villages asking people to evacuate. Residents who insisted on staying were trained by NDRF staff in the necessary precautions to take.

The Indian Meteorological Department also publishes hourly updates, alerts and forecasts, including on Twitter.

“We have enhanced our preparedness over the time. We deploy the military, paramilitary, armed forces, disaster management teams, disaster relief, to save lives,” Aparna Roy, associate fellow and co-lead on climate change and energy at the Centre for New Economic Diplomacy (CNED) said in May.

But while advanced planning and recovery response has improved, the scale of damage and loss to livelihoods and infrastructure from extreme weather events remains devastating and hugely costly.

“What we have not improved is the resilience of infrastructure that stands the climate impacts,” Roy said.

“While we relocated a lot of people during Cyclone Fani and the number of casualties were very low, look at the amount of damage to infrastructure that the cyclone has done in the state of Orissa (Odisha) itself,” Roy continued.

Cyclone Fani devastated the livelihoods of about 28 million people, destroyed crops, left millions homeless and caused about $1.81 billion in damage, according to the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.

“We lost huge amounts of our agriculture land, which is lain barren, useless. We lost a lot of our hospital buildings which stopped functioning during the pandemic because of the damage done from flooding after the cyclone struck. Roads, connectivity, transportation, everything was damaged,” Roy said.

After Cyclone Amphan in May, West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee said the storm was a bigger disaster than the coronavirus pandemic, which has now infected more than 200,000 people in India.

“I have never seen such disaster,” Banerjee told reporters. “All areas have faced destruction. Nothing is left.”

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced that the central government would put forward a $132 million relief package to help those affected by Amphan.

But rebuilding after a devastating storm can take years, Roy said.

Successive cyclones have exposed how vulnerable India’s low-lying coastlines are to disasters and regular flooding continues to damage critical infrastructure.

That’s a risk that’s only going to increase as the climate crisis continues to affect weather patterns, ocean temperatures and sea levels.

India’s preparedness measures have saved lives but there are calls for the country to now focus on protecting the livelihoods of its poorest and most vulnerable who live in these low-lying areas, which suffer the worst damage from cyclones and flooding. It’s a move that would save billions of dollars from averted damage.

Roy said India must look to shoring up its low-lying coastlines, building climate-resilient infrastructure such as pipes, roads, and buildings that can withstand intense storms and other climate disasters.

“Now the imperative for India is not only to have infrastructure that is resilient, functional and that can bounce back after a disaster, but also to have infrastructure withstand and be operational during a crisis,” Roy said.

CNN’s Esha Mitra and Rishabh Madhavendra Pratap in New Delhi contributed to reporting.

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