#catherine de la rochelle

[tomicscomics]

05/20/2024

"May of the Maid" continues with a story-arc featuring Joan's real-life rival mystic?!

___

JOKE-OGRAPHY:

1. The Source: This cartoon is based off people who are mentioned briefly in St. Joan of Arc's trial. Here are some relevant passages (translated by W. S. Scott):

1a. Extorting Peasants / Housewifery: "This Catherine said [...] that a woman appeared, a white lady, dressed in cloth of gold, who told her to go through the good towns, and that the king would give her heralds and trumpets to proclaim that whoever had gold, silver, or treasure should at once bring it forth; and that she would know those who did not and those who had hidden it; and would know where to find the treasure; and it would serve to pay Jeanne's men-at-arms. To which [Jeanne] had answered that [Catherine] should return to her husband, and look after her household and children."

1b. Too Chilly: "Asked if she had spoken to Catherine de la Rochelle concerning going to La Charité, [Jeanne] replied that Catherine did not advise her to go there; saying that it was too cold, and she ought not to go."

1c. Premature Truce: "[Jeanne] said also to Catherine, who wished to go to the Duke of Burgundy to make peace, that it was her opinion that they would find no peace save at the lance's point."

2. The Characters: Brother Richard was a Franciscan friar and a doomsday preacher. In 1429, he was prophesying the end times in 1430. He was incorrect, but before people knew that, his sermons stirred whole cities. He also seemed to try and befriend any female mystics (women with visions) he came across, probably to boost his legitimacy. Catherine de La Rochelle was one of these mystics. She and Joan might've started out as friends, but Joan eventually came to suspect Catherine of being a fraud and told the king so. As you might guess, that didn't go over well with Brother Richard or Catherine. It might be because their relationship ended on a sour note that Joan is so short in her answers to questions about them during her trial.

[noahsbookhoard]

📚 Hi! I'm Noah avid reader since age 6 and always happy to discuss books! 📚

This blog is still getting its footing so there's not much yet but I'm working on bringing a review for each book of 2024 already read.

I read almost all genre with sweet tooth for fantasy and sci-fi. I also have a growing interest in murder mystery and horror. Lots of queer fiction. I'm also catching up on my classics.

Mostly adult and some young adult but I have enjoy middle grade from time to time.

I especially love Terry Pratchett, Victor Hugo, Agatha Christie and T J Klune.

I read in both english and french, english not being my first language but I'm close to fluent.

Yearly book count : 97

Last finished reading

The Rest of the Robots (Robots #2) by Isaac Asimov

Reading in progress

The Eyes are the Best Part by Monika Kim

On hiatus

War and Peace by Leon Tolstoi (paused after the end of Book 3)

Already read this year (in reverse chronological order)

(The line in pink are book crushes)

Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontë

On the Way to the Wedding (Bridgerton #8) by Julia Quinn

Our Missing Heart by Celeste Ng

Book of Blood I by Clive Barker

Ilos by Marion Brunet

Babel by R F Kuang

Rosemary and Rue (October Daye #1) by Seanan McGuire

Thud! (Discworld #34) by Terry Pratchett

Sea of Tranquility by Emily St John Mandel

Les aventures de Billy et du Pyrobarbare : la forteresse du chaudron noir by Bob Lennon

Space Opera by Catherynne M Valente

Magie et Sentiments : les secrets de Longdawn by Ariel Holzl

A Confederacy of Dunces by John Kennedy Toole

It's in His Kiss (Brigerton #7) by Julia Quinn

Les Cinq by Matthieu Rochelle

Did You Hear About Kitty Karr by Crystal Paul Smith

The Lion the Witch and the Wardrobe (The Chronicles of Narnia #1) by C S Lewis

How to Raise a Kraken in Your Bathtub by P Djeli Clark

An Appointment with Death by Agatha Christie

The Oleander Sword (The Burning Kingdoms #2) by Tasha Suri

Time to Orbit : Unknown by Derin Edala

It's Kind of a Funny Story by Ned Vizzini

4.48 Psychosis by Sarah Kane

Under the Whispering Door by T J Klune

The Moth Keeper by Kay O'Neill

Cain's Jawbone by E Powys Mathers

Darth Bane : Path of Destruction (Darth Bane #1) by Drew Karpyshyn

Du thé pour les fantômes by Chris Vuklisevic

Labyrinthes (Caleb Tracksman #3) by Franck Thiliez

The Long Way to a Small Angry Planet (Wayfarers #1) by Becky Chambers

Le dernier des siens by Sibylle Grimbert

Five Little Pigs by Agatha Christie

Going Postal (Discworld #33) by Terry Pratchett

House of Hollow by Krystal Sutherland

Blanche-Neige et les lances-missiles (Du temps où les dieux buvaient #1) by Catherine Dufour

When He Was Wicked (Bridgerton #6) by Julia Quinn

The Lord of the Flies by William Golding

Celle qu'il attendait by Baptiste Beaulieu

Jusqu'à ce que mort s'ensuive by Olivier Rolin

American Gods by Neil Gaiman

The Song of Achilles by Madeline Miller

The Umbrella Academy Vol 1-3 by Gerard Way and Gabriel Bà

Il était deux fois (Caleb Tracksman #2) by Franck Thilliez

Camp Damascus by Chuck Tingle

To Sir Phillip With Love (Bridgerton #5) by Julia Quinn

Le papillon des étoiles by Bernard Werber

Beren and Luthien by J R R Tolkien

A Hat Full of Sky (Discworld #32) by Terry Pratchett

Le manuscrit inachevé (Caleb Tracksman #1) by Frnaxk Thiliez

The Murder of Roger Ackroyd by Agatha Christie

Akata Witch (Akata Witch #1) by Nnedi Okorafor

Romancing Mr Bridgerton (Bridgerton #4) by Julia Quinn

The Devil and the Dark Water by Stuart Turton

An Offer from a Gentleman (Bridgerton #3) by Julia Quinn

Delicious in Dungeon vol 1-14 by Ryoko Kui

Doctor Who : the Star Beast by Gary Russell

La promesse de l'aube by Romain Gary

The Jasmine Throne (The Burning Kingdoms #1) by Tasha Suri

The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy by Douglas Adam

The Illiad by Homer (trad Emily Wilson)

The Viscount Who Loved Me (Bridgerton #2) by Julia Quinn

The Me You Love in the Dark by Scotty Young and

The Duke and I (Bridgerton #1) by Julia Quinn

Murder at the Vicarage by Agatha Christie

Nona the Ninth (Locked Tomb #3) by Tamsyn Muir

The Catcher in the Rye by J D Salinger

House of Leaves by Mark Z Danielewski

The House in the Cerulean Sea by T J Klune

I, Robot (Robot #1) by Isaac Asimov

Monstrous Regiment (Discworld #31) by Terry Pratchett

The Faceless Old Woman Who Secretly Lives in your Home by Jeffrey Cranor and Joseph Fink

Fullmetal Alchemist Vol 1-27 by Hiromu Arakawa

The Remarkable Retirement of Edna Fischer by E M Anderson

All System Red (Murderbot Diaries #1) by Martha Wells

Veiller sur elle by Jean-Baptiste Andrea

Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare

Segurant le chevalier au dragon by Emanuele Arioli

Chanson Douce by Leila Sleimane

The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde

He Who Drowned The World (The Radiant Emperor #2) by Shelley Parker Chan

Et à la fin ils meurent by Lou Lubie

Flowers for Algernon by Daniel Keyes

Coraline by Neil Gaiman

The Wee Free Men (Discworld #30) by Terry Pratchett

Fourth Wing by Rebecca Yarros

Harrow the Ninth (Locked Tomb #2) by Tamsyn Muir

Histoire de coming out by Baptiste Beaulieu and Sophie Nanteuil

Heartstopper Vol 1-4 by Alice Oseman

The Old Guard by Greg Rucka

The Seven Deaths of Evelyn Hardcastle by Stuart Turton

Le Comte de Monte-Cristo by Alexandre Dumas

La Cicatrice by Bruce Lowrey

Farenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury

Us by Sara Soler

Gideon the Ninth (Locked Tomb #1) by Tamsyn Muir

[lilstjarna]

Bordeaux

Bordeaux est une ville pleine de charme. Essentiellement connue pour ses environs viticoles, ses ruelles de pierre, ses restaurants gourmands et ses musées artistiques sont tout autant de raisons de venir la visiter.

Comment venir ?

Bordeaux se situe :

en train : 1h50 de Poitiers, 2h10 de Paris ou de Toulouse, 2h30 de La Rochelle

en voiture : 1h50 de La Rochelle, 2h20 de Toulouse ou Poitiers, 2h30 de Biarritz

en bus : 2h40 de Biarritz, 2h50 de La Rochelle ou de Toulouse

Quand et combien de temps ?

Il est possible de visiter les principales attractions culturelles de Bordeaux en un week-end. On peut ensuite prolonger ces deux jours par un troisième au bord de l'océan ou dans les terres.

Que voir à Bordeaux ?

Des monuments et sites historiques : Darwin, tour Pey Berland, Porte Cailhau, Palais Rohan, grosse cloche, grand théâtre, place de la victoire, place de la bourse, opéra national, quartier Saint Pierre, quai des Marques, rue Sainte Catherine, place des Quinconces, fontaine des Girondins

Du patrimoine religieux : grande synagogue, basilique Saint Seurin, cathédrale Saint André

Des musées : Cité du vin, bassins des lumières, musée d’aquitaine, Méca, musée de la marine, musée des Arts décoratifs et du Design, musée national des Douanes, CAPC, muséum d’histoire naturelle, musée des beaux arts, musée Cap Science, centre Jean Moulin

Des parcs et jardins : jardin public, jardin botanique, parc Bordelais, parc Bourran, parc Rivière, parc de l’Ermitage

Que voir dans les environs ?

Des villes et villages : Arcachon, Toulouse, Royan, Angoulême, Saint Emilion, Blaye, Lacanau, Carcans Maubuisson, Hourtin

Des espaces naturels : dune du Pilat, bassin d'Arcachon

Des lieux historiques : cloître des Cordeliers, cos d’Estournel, château Pédesclaux, château La Louvière, château Les Carmes Haut Brion, château Sainte Barbe, château Marquis d’Alesme Becker, château du Grand Mouëys

crédits photos @lilstjarna

[valkyries-things]

JEANNE D’ALBRET // QUEEN OF NAVARRE

“She was Queen of Navarre from 1555 to 1572. When her father died in 1555, Jeanne and Antoine ascended the Navarrese throne. They reigned as joint rulers until Antoine died from battle wounds in 1562. Jeanne was the acknowledged spiritual and political leader of the French Huguenot movement, and a key figure in the French Wars of Religion. After her public conversion to Calvinism in 1560, she joined the Huguenot side. During the first and second war she remained relatively neutral, but in the third war she fled to La Rochelle, becoming the de facto leader of the Huguenot-controlled city. After negotiating a peace treaty with the French queen mother Catherine de' Medici and arranging the marriage of her son, Henry, to Catherine's daughter Marguerite, Jeanne died suddenly in Paris. Her son succeeded her as Henry III and later became the first Bourbon king of France as Henry IV.”

[margueritelarochelaise]

Rencontre avec Catherine Benguigui

Rencontre avec Catherine Benguigui

Après avoir enseigné la danse à l’université, Catherine Benguigui a été à l’origine des services culturels de l’université Lille 2 et de l’université de La Rochelle. Elle est aujourd’hui adjointe à la culture de la ville de La Rochelle et a rejoint en 2023 le Centre national de la musique en tant qu’administratrice représentant les collectivités territoriales. Une belle rencontre de Marguerite La…

[xian-moriarty]

Jour 02.

Catherine de Parthenay.

Catherine de Parthenay est une des figures du protestantisme du XVI et XVIIe. Elle perd d'ailleurs son premier mari lord de la Saint-Barthelemy (d'ailleurs un processus d'annulation du mariage etait lancé).

Elle épouse en second noce René II de Rohan. Elle sera la mère des Rohan, chefs des protestants.

Elle donna une très bonne éducation à ses enfants.

Elle aimait les chats 💚.

En 1627, elle s'enferme à La Rochelle avec sa fille lors du siège mené par Louis XIII et Richelieu. Jusqueboutiste, elle sera l'une des rares personnes emprisonnées - n'ayant pas jouie du pardon général - sur ordre de Richelieu. Le puissant Cardinal espérait aussi avoir un moyen de pression sur ses fils.

View this post on Instagram

A post shared by Xian "La Blairelle" Moriarty (@xianmoriarty)

[stephanedugast]

📌 [BILLET] Confidences, réflexions, amitié, générosité, nature, littérature... Au récent Festival Int. du Film et du Livre d'Aventure de La Rochelle (qui fêtait cette année ses 20 ans), j'ai vécu l'aventure "in vivo" et "in palpu".

📽️🎵 Si la majorité du public s'est précipitée regarder des films sur grand écran (et c'est tant mieux !), une minorité s'est également rendue 🎪🏕️ salle Eider pour voir et écouter des auteurs et/ou des dessinateurs nous raconter leurs œuvres et leurs coulisses.

❤️‍🔥 J'ai mis du cœur, des émotions, de la passion et de la fougue pour animer et modérer ces débats, histoire de faire vivre la #littérature d'aventure.

🎯 Merci encore aux organisateurs - Stephane Fremond et sa complice Anne Buisson - d'avoir pensé à moi pour cette mission "caméléon" que j'ai adorée.

🎙 🙏 Remerciements chaleureux à mes invités que j'ai interrogés sur scène : Cédric Gras, Wilfried N'Sondé, David Chambre, Ghislain BARDOUT, Volodia Petropavlovsky, François-Xavier de Crécy, Maylis Adhémar, Virginie Troussier, Florent Silloray, Fabrice Lardreau, Baloup Clément, PIERRE EMMANUEL DEQUEST, Dussey Flore, Caroline Riegel, Virgile Dureuil, Jeanne Mascolo de Fillipis, Abolivier Gwenaëlle, Laurent Tillon et Joël Auvin dit Nono.

🙌 Salutations également à tous ceux que j'ai croisés sur ma route (comme sur la piste🕺) durant ces 5 jours dont Nathalie Verlinden, Catherine Destivelle, Emmanuelle Périé-Bardout, Parent Isabelle, Coralie Jugan, Marion Martineau Charlot, Sophie Planque - Cierpka et Jérémy, luc MARESCOT, Evrard Wendenbaum, Thomas Firh, Nicolas Alberty, Vincent Le Goff et tous ceux que j'oublie.

🎚️ Clins d’œil à l'équipe technique Jerome Pougnant et Thomas Videcoq car oui le son c'est bon !

🌊 Pensées affectueuses au capitaine de frégate littéraire Fabien Clauw.

📸 @h.lafitte

[sophilozophy]

📚 2023 Book Releases, Part II Here is part II of the book releases I'm looking forward to, which includes what I see as Law & Order: SVU meets The Fifth Element. ▫️Encore in Death, J. D. Robb ▫️Secretly Yours, Tessa Bailey ▫️Seven Faceless Saints, M. K. Lobb ▫️Tethered, Elayna R. Gallea ▫️Ruby Spencer‘s Whiskey Year, Rochelle Bilow ▫️The Neighbor Favor, Kristina Forest ▫️Flowerheart, Catherine Bakewell ▫️The Witch and the Vampire, Francesca Flores ▫️Ana María and The Fox, Liana De la Rosa

[jeannedarcenthusiast]

(…) Joan, too, played her part in elaborating the symbols of what the poet called the ‘maidenly war’ that she was about to undertake. She asked the king to send to the town of Sainte-Catherine-de-Fierbois, where she had stayed on her way from Vaucouleurs, to fetch a sword that, she said, lay hidden in the church there. Sure enough, and to general amazement, the weapon was discovered – according to the clerk at La Rochelle, inside a coffer at the high altar that had not been opened for twenty years. Christian warriors, contemporaries knew, carried holy swords, from King Arthur’s Excalibur to Charlemagne’s Joyeuse, and wise heads nodded at the thought that Joan’s should come to her from St Catherine, the patron of young virgins, who was so often depicted carrying the sword through which she had met her martyrdom.

Joan of arc: a History by Helen castor.

[daniel-levy-chemisier]

Daniel Darc, dandy sombre et lumineux ! "Mannequin" et surtout "cherchez le garçon" premier hymne du rock français des 80s apportent la reconnaissance du public et surtout ouvre les portes des émissions TV à Taxi Girl, groupe formé par une bande de potes de lycée ! Avec ses allures de poète maudit et sa gueule d'ange, qui aurait rencontré le rock'n'roll et le punk, Daniel Darc (Dark?) semble flotter  au milieu du groupe qui vit ses  premiers succès et ses derniers moments. À l'époque son manager fait courir le bruit qu'il est le fils de Catherine Deneuve. Il fait ses premières télés, en chemise rouge, en débardeur gris ou en t-shirt noir mais toujours en jean. Il restera fidèle toute sa vie aux pièces iconiques du Rock : le blouson de cuir, la veste en jean (parfois portée sous une veste) les bottes de motard, les bras tatoués, les bagues et les oreilles percées. Longtemps considéré comme un pestiféré il revient après dix ans d'absence et de dérives avec Crève Coeur. L'album, l'un des meilleurs de cette année-là, lui vaut à 45 ans une Victoire de la musique. Croix tatoué sur la poitrine, d’origine juive, il se convertit au protestantisme. Dieu l'a sauvé, il ne s'en cache pas. Il chante le psaume 23 sur scène, la bible sur le coeur. "Je suis un croyant qui doute" aime-t-il à répéter. Fasciné par la rédemption, Huysmans, Drieu La Rochelle, Jacques Rigot, Rebatet, Céline, ou encore  Jean Genet  sont ses auteurs favoris. Daniel est convaincu que "Le christianisme et le rock n roll sont les dernières formes d'honnêteté.". Il meurt en 2013.  "Quand je mourrai, j'irai au paradis/C'est en enfer que j'ai passé ma vie", chantait Daniel Darc, en 2008, dans l'album Amours suprêmes. #daniellevychemisier #danieldarc #icone #àlafrançaise Merci @ze_french_do_it_better pour ce texte. (à Daniel Lévy) https://www.instagram.com/p/CVQkpdLMSbF/?utm_medium=tumblr

[tomicscomics]

05/24/2024

Continuing from the previous cartoon, St. Joan of Arc plans to out her rival as a fraud... by having a SLEEPOVER?! (Yes, this actually happened in real life.)

___

JOKE-OGRAPHY: 1. The Source: This cartoon is based off of characters and events mentioned in St. Joan of Arc's trial. Here are the relevant passages (translated by W. S. Scott): "Asked what [Catherine] said to her, [Jeanne] answered that this Catherine said [...] that a woman appeared [to her], a white lady, dressed in cloth of gold [...]. [Jeanne] asked Catherine if this Lady appeared every night; and if so, she would sleep with her. And she did so..." 2. Explanation: When asked about Catherine de La Rochelle during her trial, Joan is very curt. When her assessors press for details, Joan eventually shares more. Catherine apparently claimed that an apparition came to her each night -- the White Lady -- and gave her counsel like Joan's Voices. Joan was ironically skeptical, and asked Catherine if the White Lady appeared every night. When Catherine said yes, Joan asked to sleep over to see the Lady for herself. Strangely, Catherine obliged.3. Pierronne the Breton: Besides Joan and Catherine, Brother Richard's club of mystics also included two Breton women -- one named Pierronne, and another who remains unnamed (to my knowledge). Even after all my studying of Joan's life story, I still only just learned about these Breton mystics a couple weeks ago, and I'm already scheming toward including their harrowing fate in a future May of the Maid / June of Arc. 4. Historical / Fiction: The story of Joan sleeping over at Catherine's is historical fact, based on Joan's own words, which I find absolutely hilarious in and of itself. Exactly what led up to this sleepover, however, is only communicated in minimal detail, so I'm filling in some details before getting into the sleepover itself in the next cartoons. I may even redo this story arc someday and tell it in a totally different way, while still being just as historically accurate. In this cartoon, I had Pierronne suggest the sleepover initially, so that I could use another historical character to offset the tension between Joan and Catherine. We'll see how that plays out as the sleepover commences in the next comic!

[galleryofunknowns]

Charles Baziray (b.1685 - d.1755), 'Portrait of the Comtesse de Gennes', oil on canvas, c.1747, French, sold by Olivier d'Ythurbide Antiques; Paris, France.

Little is known about Charles Baziray, but he may have been a pupil of Nicolas de Largilliere, and his works are found in many noble collections of Nantes, Rennes, Fougeres and Saint Malo. (x)

The identity of the sitter is unclear as the title of ‘Comte and Comtesse de Gennes’ is difficult to trace online. She may be one of the wives or daughters of Jean Baptiste de Gennes, Comte d’Oyac* b.1656 - d.1705), who married two women: Marie Guillet (m. 1681), with whom some sources say they had 5 daughters (and perhaps a son); then later Marie Savouret (m. 1690), with whom he had three daughters and a son, Jean Guillaume de Gennes (b. 1699 - d. 1787), Comte de Gennes and Archdeacon of La Rochelle. 

As a priest, Jean Guillaume died childless, with his title passing to his niece Marie Genevieve de Gennes (b.1755 - d.1838), who was the daughter of Marie Catherine Gaultier (b.1721 - d.1776), who in turn was daughter of Jean Baptiste with Marie Savouret. Marie Genevieve was appointed ‘Countess of Gennes in 1787 on the death of her priest uncle, the letters patent of 1698 relating to the erection of land in Guyana under the name of Gennes for the benefit of "heirs and successors both male and female"’ (x). 

*while I found reference to Jean Baptiste primarily as ‘Comte d’Oyac, I also found reference to him as a Comte de Gennes. Presumably he was entitled to both, as his son inherited the title, followed by his granddaughter, but I could not be certain.

[emilia-p-sanguinetti]

Was Joan of Arc a Lesbian? Yes!

Claims that Joan of Arc was a lesbian typically stem from two sections within the transcripts of her Condemnation Trial and Rehabilitation Trial. In the Condemnation Trial, Joan appears to have taken the initiative in wanting to spend two nights in bed with Catherine de La Rochelle to see the lady-in-white, whom Catherine claimed to appear as an apparition. Testimony during the Rehabilitation Trial by Marguerite la Touroulde indicated the two women shared a bed nearly every day for three weeks. ​ First, a note about the following segment of the Condemnation Trial transcripts of March 3:   Joan asked this Catherine if the lady-in-white who appeared to her came every night, saying that she would, to see her, sleep in the same bed with Catherine; and she went to bed with her and stayed up until midnight, but saw nothing, and then went to sleep.   In the morning, Joan asked Catherine whether the lady-in-white had come to her.  Catherine replied that she had, while Joan was sleeping, but that she had not been able to awaken Joan.   Then Joan asked if the lady might not come another night, and Catherine answered yes; so Joan slept during the day, so that she might stay awake the whole night.   That night she stayed in the bed with Catherine and watched all night, but saw nothing. Throughout the night Joan often asked Catherine whether the lady-in-white would come, and Catherine answered, “Yes, soon!”   The text above is translated as faithfully as possible from the French. For readers comparing this translation to W.P. Barrett’s English translation of 1932, it’s important to note that Barrett’s translation is obfuscated to some degree. For example:   Barrett’s translation—and she slept with her, and watched till midnight, saw nothing, and went to sleep.   Sanguinetti’s translation—and she went to bed with her and stayed up until midnight, but saw nothing, and then went to sleep.   Quicherat’s translation—et y coucha et veilla jusqu'à minuit, et ne vit rien; et puis s’endormit.   A second example regarding the use of exclamation marks:   Barrett’s translation: “Yes, presently.” Sanguinetti’s translation: “Yes, soon!” Quicherat’s translation: “Oui, bientôt!”   These notes are important for some critics because English translations of the source material often muddle or omit text from Quicherat’s source.  The following text is from the Rehabilitation Trial transcripts documenting the testimony of Marguerite la Touroulde, widow of Réné de Bouligny, advisor to the king:   She was in my house for three weeks, sleeping, eating, and drinking there. And almost every night I slept with Joan, and I never saw or noticed anything uncanny about her. But she behaved and continued to behave like an honest and Christian woman. She confessed very often, gladly heard the Mass, and often asked me to go to Matins; and at her request I did go and took her there several times. (76)   Touroulde’s testimony is often used to support claims that Joan was a lesbian, and a disconcerting portion of her testimony is omitted in a popular English translation that is replicated numerous times on the web; the text that is omitted is the following:   I saw her several times in the bath and in the hot-room, and so far as I could see I believe that she was a virgin. (76)   Latin source text: Dicit insuper quod eam pluries vidit in balneo et stuphis, et, ut percipere potuit, credit ipsam fore virginem. (79)   French translation:  Elle déclare en outre qu’elle vit plusieurs fois Jeanne au bain et dans les étuves; elle croit, comme elle a pu le constater, qu’elle était vierge. (80)   The Latin word stuphis may be translated as “steam bath” or alternately as a geologic thermal spring, such as a source of hot sulfur spring water. For readers interested in the location where the omitted text should appear in Touroulde’s testimony, the following material provides the context, with the omitted text underlined:   Jeanne was very liberal in almsgiving, and willingly succored the poor and indigent, saying that she had been sent for their consolation. And I saw her several times in the bath and in the hot-room, and so far as I could see I believe that she was a virgin. I have no doubt that she was virgin. According to my knowledge she was quite innocent, unless it be in warfare. She rode on horseback and handled the lance like the best of the knights, and the soldiers marveled. (81)   Joan’s time in bed or in the baths with Marguerite la Touroulde or time in bed with Catherine de La Rochelle doesn’t provide conclusive evidence that Joan was a lesbian primarily because bedding was relatively scarce in the fifteenth century and it was not uncommon for women to share a bed. However, it is reasonable to ask why Touroulde would state, “so far as I could see I believe that she was a virgin.” That, too, isn’t conclusive because testimony from the Rehabilitation Trial revealed that Joan not only was examined on several occasions regarding her virginity, but she sometimes challenged others to inspect her if they didn’t believe it, so she may have offered to “prove” her virginity to Touroulde solely to establish the fact. ​ While individual historical facts are inadequate to make any definitive conclusions about Joan’s sexual orientation, when viewed in their entirety, it is reasonable to make the assertion that Joan was a lesbian, particularly in light of several statements made by Joan, which are assumed to be referring to the apparitions of Saint Catherine and Saint Margaret, but instead could be referring to Catherine de La Rochelle and Marguerite la Touroulde:   March 12 Session:   We asked whether she spoke to our Lord when she promised Him to keep her virginity, and she answered that it was quite enough to promise her virginity to those who were sent from Him, namely Saint Catherine and Saint Margaret.   This statement is problematic because shortly after Joan makes this assertion, she stated, “the first time she heard her Voice she vowed to keep her virginity as long as it would please God, and that she was 13 years old or about 13 years old at the time,” which is prior to the time she reports promising her virginity to Saint Catherine and Saint Margaret.   March 17 Session:   Asked why she so happily looked at this ring when she was going into battle, she answered that it was out of pleasure and in honor of her father and mother, and because, having her ring on her finger and in her hand, she touched Saint Catherine who appeared before her. Asked what part of Saint Catherine she had touched, she said, “You will get no answer from me.”   Asked if she had ever kissed or touched Saint Catherine or Saint Margaret, she answered she had touched them both. We asked if Saint Catherine or Saint Margaret had a fine fragrance and she answered that it is good to know that they did. Asked whether, when embracing Saint Catherine or Saint Margaret, she felt heat or anything else, she said that she could not embrace them with-out feeling and touching them.   Also, Article 1 submitted to the assessors on April 5 included the following:   Moreover, the so-called Saint Catherine and Saint Margaret instructed Joan, in the name of God, to take and wear men’s clothes; and Joan has worn them, and still wears them, stubbornly obeying this command to such an extent that Joan has declared that she would rather die than abandon wearing these clothes.   View my book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01CGVYWJU

[opera-simplified]

Opera Simplified #7: Les Huguenots—Before You Go, Some Geographical and Historical Context:

AKA What You Need To Know About The French Wars of Religion:

-If you know anything about 16th century Europe, it’s that the girls (Catholics and Protestants) were FIGHTINGGGG.

-France was no exception.

-Protestantism found its way to France in the 1520s and quickly became popular among nobles, merchants, and ordinary folks alike for various reasons that I will not get into right now because I’m trying to keep this short and also it’s 2 AM when I’m writing this.

-By the time the opera takes place, about 10% of the French population was Protestant, the vast majority of them Calvinists.

-the French Protestants were given the collective nickname Huguenots. Thus the title of the opera.

-anyway-

-Following the sudden death of Henri II de Valois, King of France, in 1559, a series of power struggles began over the royalty and court influence, especially given that increasing numbers of nobles were converting to Protestantism. in 1561, the government passed the Edict of Saint-Germain, which gave Protestants limited freedom of worship in the hopes that there wouldn’t be a civil war.

-but on March 1, 1562, a group of Catholic soldiers murdered about 50 Huguenots attending a church service. this was called the Massacre of Vassy, and oopsie! it started a civil war.

-the first war ended about a year later with the Edict of Amboise. uneasy peace followed.

-in 1567, a bunch of Huguenot nobles decided to overthrow and kidnap King Charles IX in what was called the Surprise of Meaux. however this failed spectacularly and it started a second civil war, which ended the following year with the Edict of Longjumeau (presumably no relation other than place name to Adolphe Adam’s 1836 opera Le postillon de Lonjumeau), which was basically “meh let’s do what the Edict of Amboise did”.

-and then they started a third civil war in 1569 like a bunch of dumbasses

-and then it was ended in 1570 by the Peace of Saint-Germain-en-Laye.

-so for the last two years before the beginning of the opera, there has been yet another more or less uneasy peace.

-here is a map of France at about the time the opera takes place. the province of Touraine (where the first two acts are set) is approximately circled in blue. the little dot with an arrow pointing to it is the approximate location of the Huguenot city of La Rochelle, which is not home to any of the opera’s action but is nevertheless an important city:

-meanwhile, in an effort to reconcile the religious factions, Queen Mother Catherine de Médicis (Caterina de Medici), Henri II de Valois’ widow and King Charles IX’s mother, announced in 1572 that she would be marrying off her 19-year-old daughter Marguérite de Valois to the Huguenot King of Navarre Henri de Bourbon. The wedding was set to be held in Paris on August 18th.

-and btw, if you’re wondering “wait, is Marguérite de Valois related to Élisabeth de Valois? like the one from Don Carlos?” the answer is yes (they were sisters).

-and that’s what you missed on the French Wars of Religion!

[federicafaccin]

«GIUDICE: Hai conosciuto Catherine de la Rochelle? L’hai incontrata? GIOVANNA: Sì, a Jargeau e a Montfaucon nel Berry. GIUDICE: Non ti mostrò una dama vestita di bianco che, a suo dire, andava spesso a trovarla? GIOVANNA: No. GIUDICE: Che cosa ti ha raccontato? GIOVANNA: Che andava a trovarla una dama bianca, vestita di broccato di oro fino; che questa dama le diceva di farsi dare dal re degli araldi e dei trombettieri e di andare di città in città a proclamare che chiunque possedesse oro, argento o tesori nascosti li consegnasse subito. Diceva che avrebbe saputo riconoscere quelli che non ubbidivano e che avrebbe scovato i loro tesori nascosti. «Mi serviranno a pagare i miei soldati», diceva. Io le risposi di tornare da suo marito, di badare alla casa e di accudire i suoi bambini. Poi per essere ben sicura ne parlai a santa Margherita e a santa Caterina le quali mi dissero che tutta la faccenda di questa Catherine era pura follia! Scrissi al re che gliene avrei parlato e quando lo vidi di persona gli dissi che la storia di quella Catherine era tutta una follia, una cosa senza fondamento. Solo che frate Richard voleva che la si lasciasse fare. Furono molto in collera con me, frate Richard e quella Catherine! GIUDICE: Hai parlato a Catherine de la Rochelle del piano di battaglia della Charité? GIOVANNA: Catherine mi disse di non andarci, che faceva troppo freddo e che lei non ci sarebbe andata. Lei voleva andare dal duca di Borgogna per chiedergli di fare la pace; io le dissi che secondo me non avremmo trovato la pace se non sulla punta delle nostre spade. [...]» [cit. Cremisi Teresa, Il Processo di Condanna di Giovanna D’Arco, SE srl, Milano 2000, pp. ‪68 - 70‬.] ⚔️ Here is a silkscreen print from the book Relapsa and another picture of the local group exhibition Artifici.o 🌻 For prices informations on the available prints, DM me or contact me by e-mail: federicafaccin.artist@gmail.com

https://www.instagram.com/p/CfExOYKMQLL/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link

[margueritelarochelaise]

Rencontre avec Catherine Lam

Ancienne résidente de l’Atelier Bletterie, Catherine Lam est installée depuis 2018 dans L’Atelier des Roseaux qu’elle a fondé dans le quartier de Fétilly à La Rochelle. Elle s’y consacre à la céramique tournée et modelée. Une belle rencontre de Marguerite La Rochelaise lors de sa récente exposition à l’Atelier Bletterie. Catherine Lam en trois mots ? Eurasienne, enseignante, artiste. Ton plus…