#calbuco

[manessha545]

Calbuco, Stratovolcano, Chile: Calbuco is a stratovolcano in southern Chile, located southeast of Llanquihue Lake and northwest of Chapo Lake, in the Los Lagos Region, and close to the cities of Puerto Varas and Puerto Montt. Wikipedia

[malbecmusings]

S/Y Genie about to drop the hook in Calbuco, Los Lagos, Chile.

[romerskcl]

Negocio de Barrio

[cmartinezf]

Sunset in the south of Chile

[pthiers]

[rojasmulticar]

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[ho108]

CALBUCO | 5 Year Anniversary 8K Remaster

[turnnoffyourmind]

Majestic

Volcán Calbuco, Loncotoro, Los Lagos, Chile.

[wiirocku]

Volcanic lightning captured during Calbuco eruption in 2015 in Southern Chile

[fuck-cnstnzz]

Lo más probable es que todo llegue a su fin, pero fue un bonito desenlace 🖤

[mutant-distraction]

volcanic lightning. The “dirty thunderstorm” shot at Calbuco volcano in April 2015, southern Chile.

[sitting-on-me-bum]

Fury

‘This picture shows Calbuco, a volcano in southern Chile, erupting and making the surroundings look small even though they aren’t. The photograph shows us the fury of the earth, making us feel how small we really are’

Photographer: Cote Baeza Pooley

The Lensculture Awards

[leonarda-world]

Izquierda volcán Osorno

Derecha volcán Calbuco

Calbuco

[alphaman99]

Very interesting…..

What NASA and the European Space Agency have concluded about

our current heat wave

By Thomas Lifson

The American Thinker

July 31, 2023

The current heat wave is being relentlessly blamed on increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but there is a much more plausible explanation, one that is virtually endorsed by two of the world's leading scientific organizations. It turns out that levels of water vapor in the atmosphere have dramatically increased over the last year and a half, and water vapor is well recognized as a greenhouse gas, whose heightened presence leads to higher temperatures, a mechanism that dwarfs any effect CO2 may have.

So why has atmospheric water vapor increased so dramatically? Because of a historic, gigantic volcanic eruption last year that I — probably along with you — had never heard of. The mass media ignored it because it took place 490 feet underwater in the South Pacific. Don't take it from me; take it from NASA:

When the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano erupted on Jan. 15, it sent a tsunami racing around the world and set off a sonic boom that circled the globe twice. The underwater eruption in the South Pacific Ocean also blasted an enormous plume of water vapor into Earth's stratosphere — enough to fill more than 58,000 Olympic-size swimming pools. The sheer amount of water vapor could be enough to temporarily affect Earth's global average temperature.

"We've never seen anything like it," said Luis Millán, an atmospheric scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California. He led a new study examining the amount of water vapor that the Tonga volcano injected into the stratosphere, the layer of the atmosphere between about 8 and 33 miles (12 and 53 kilometers) above the Earth's surface.

In the study, published in Geophysical Research Letters, Millán and his colleagues estimate that the Tonga eruption sent around 146 teragrams (1 teragram equals a trillion grams) of water vapor into Earth's stratosphere — equal to 10% of the water already present in that atmospheric layer. That's nearly four times the amount of water vapor that scientists estimate the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption in the Philippines lofted into the stratosphere.

NASA published the above in August 2022. Half a year later, a newer study increased the estimate of the water vapor addition to the atmosphere by 30%. From the European Space Agency:

In a recent paper published in Nature, a team of scientists showed the unprecedented increase in the global stratospheric water mass by 13% (relative to climatological levels) and a five-fold increase of stratospheric aerosol load — the highest in the last three decades.

Using a combination of satellite data, including data from ESA's Aeolus satellite, and ground-based observations, the team found that due to the extreme altitude, the volcanic plume circumnavigated the Earth in just one week and dispersed nearly pole-to-pole in three months.

Another scientific paper explains the "net warming of the climate system" on a delayed basis. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory further explains:

Volcanic eruptions rarely inject much water into the stratosphere. In the 18 years that NASA has been taking measurements, only two other eruptions — the 2008 Kasatochi event in Alaska and the 2015 Calbuco eruption in Chile — sent appreciable amounts of water vapor to such high altitudes. But those were mere blips compared to the Tonga event, and the water vapor from both previous eruptions dissipated quickly. The excess water vapor injected by the Tonga volcano, on the other hand, could remain in the stratosphere for several years.

This extra water vapor could influence atmospheric chemistry, boosting certain chemical reactions that could temporarily worsen depletion of the ozone layer. It could also influence surface temperatures. Massive volcanic eruptions like Krakatoa and Mount Pinatubo typically cool Earth's surface by ejecting gases, dust, and ash that reflect sunlight back into space. In contrast, the Tonga volcano didn't inject large amounts of aerosols into the stratosphere, and the huge amounts of water vapor from the eruption may have a small, temporary warming effect, since water vapor traps heat. The effect would dissipate when the extra water vapor cycles out of the stratosphere.

So there you have it: we are in for extra atmospheric heat "for several years" until the extra water vapor injected by this largest-ever-recorded underwater volcano eruption dissipates.

Jeff Childers, who brought these scientific data to my notice, writes:

Here's why corporate media is ignoring the most dramatic climate event in modern history: because you can't legislate underwater volcanoes. You can try, but they won't listen. So what's the fun in that? Corporate media only exists to further political ends. Since volcanoes aren't subject to politics, why bother?

See? But though scientists are baffled, corporate media and its repulsive allies are busily blaming ocean warming on carbon dioxide — a ludicrous notion.

[allwaswell16]

sunday snippet

Thank youuu @crinkle-eyed-boo for tagging me because otherwise I might not have opened my doc to write lol. But I swear I will now...

This is from my Chicago fic for the @faithinthefutureficfest If you all only knew the absurd amount of backstory I've got going on for this fic...

Settling into the woven chair opposite Niall’s desk, Harry glanced up at the huge sign that read DO GOOD, BE BETTER mounted on the dark wood panels of the decorative wall behind Niall. It was both Niall’s personal motto as well as the company’s. Harry tried to keep it in mind before he listened to whatever big idea Niall had now.

“How was traffic?”

Harry scrunched his nose. “Eh, not great. But when is it ever?”

“The trials of living in the suburbs.” Niall grinned. “You know I’d subsidize your train fare—”

“I know. But you know I just need more flexibility than that when I’ve got Max to think about. If something was to go wrong and he had a meltdown or got hurt—”

“I know, I know. But wasn’t that the point of moving back to the suburbs, being in a place where your brother and parents can help out?”

“It was, but Max is still my responsibility and if something were to come up, I’d like to be able to get to him as quickly as possible.”

Niall just smiled. “You’re a good dad, H.”

“Thanks.”

“I just wish you had less of a carbon footprint. What about an electric car?”

Harry bit back a smile. He supposed being harassed about his carbon footprint was the price he paid for working for a sustainable clothing and equipment brand. “I’ll look into it.”

“Surely, we’d be able to subsidize some of the cost of it, hmmm—”

“Did you call me in here to shame me about my car?”

“What? No!” Niall cleared his throat and sat up in his chair. “Just started thinking out loud that’s all.”

“A common occurrence.”

Niall made a face. “Fair enough. Speaking of my brilliant thoughts, Nic has noticed an uptick in celebrities wearing Calbuco, and he showed me some posts on Instagram that got me thinking.”

“A collab?”

“Maybe. But I had in mind something a little more specific than just the usual collab. Have you ever heard of Louis Tomlinson?”

Harry’s cup of coffee had been half way to his lips, and if he had taken a sip, it would have just been spit out all over his boss. He set the coffee down on Niall’s desk. “Um—”

I'll tag: @harryslonecurl @becomeawendybird @lululawrence @evilovesyou @fallinglikethis @disgruntledkittenface @homosociallyyours @quelsentiment and anyone else who would like to share!

[aroundtheworldin214days]

February 10, 2023 - Day 45

Puerto Montt is a port town and was the second largest producer of salmon in the world. I was here in 1988 and the place was booming but because of some kind of issue with salmon aquaculture the place is really run down with a lot of unemployed people. It is very close to the Chilean Lake District which is beautiful. The south latitude is the same as Oregon’s north latitude and the climate is similar with 80 inches of rain on 240 days of the year. It was a beautiful summer day today.

We first visited Puerto Varas which is a city about 20 miles from Puerto Montt in southern Chile's Lake District. It sits on the southwest banks of the huge Lake Llanquihue (lank-k-way) from which you can see the snow-capped Osorno Volcano and Calbuco Volcano, both still active.

We then visited Frutillar which has a better view of the Osorno Volcano. It sits on the western edge of Llanquihue Lake, and has long black sand beaches. The place was once a German community so there are many German-style wooden buildings and a German Colonial Museum with a 19th-century mill.