#british thermal unit

[whats-in-a-sentence]

Table 8.6 lists equivalents in joules for a variety of frequently encountered units.

"Environmental Chemistry: A Global Perspective", 4e - Gary W. VanLoon & Stephen J. Duffy

[iicraft505]

mispelling but as btu call that british thermal unit

[bejeweledblondie]

Knight In Shining Armor

Captain John Price x F! Royalty Reader

Summary: Y/N is part of the British Royal Family & is kidnapped by terrorists. John Price & Task Force 141 are given the responsibility of rescuing her before the ransom deadline

Warnings: mentions of torture, abuse, kidnapping, anxiety

Captain John Price was ready to kick his feet up & relax for the rest of the weekend. He had already cracked open a beer. With one click of the tv remote he knew his weekend would be anything other than relaxing.

“This just in her royal highness the Duchess of Windsor Y/N L/N has just been ambushed & is considered missing. The young Duchess was leaving a gala when armed men ambushed her vehicle & were able to successfully kidnap her. Her whereabouts are unknown at the moment & London is currently on lockdown near Buckingham Palace.” The news anchor on the television reported. A groan escaped his lips knowing this mission would come across his desk.

“Fuckin hell, “ He cursed to himself & looked up at the ceiling. “Lord I wanted one weekend, one fucking weekend is that too much to ask for?”

Right on cue his phone started to vibrate. Laswell in big letters flashed across his screen.

“Don’t even elaborate where do we need to be?” He asked rubbing his temples.

“Well hello to you too, meet me at headquarters as soon as possible.” She stated. He stood up & stretched before sending a message out to the rest of his team. He walked into his bedroom & pulled out his combat pants, combat thermal, & two pairs of socks. Price got dressed & laced up boots. The thought of the Duchess started to creep into his mind. He couldn’t even imagine what she was experiencing. The absolute fear of being at the mercy of international terrorists has to have terrifying.

Price made his way to his car & started it. He started to drive to the post & when he got to the gate he scanned his ID. The soldier saluted him & the gate arm lifted. He pulled up of the offices & started to walk into the building. Ghost, Gaz, Soap, & Alejandro were already sitting in the briefing room waiting for him. Laswell was already at the front of the room with the screen behind her turned on.

“Ah Captain Price! Good to see you! Sit down so we can start.” Laswell said. “Colonel Vargas & his team will be conducting this operation with us due to the severity of the situation.” Price sat down, & Laswell started her briefing. “So while we don’t know how the Duchess was able to be taken, we were able to pin her location. Seems like our terrorists didn’t do a good job at giving their location. They released a video with a list of their demands, & hefty ransom. It is disturbing I’ll admit. They’ve beaten this poor woman to hell & back already.” Laswell pressed a key on the laptop in front of her & the video started.

There sat the Duchess tied to a chair with smudged mascara & a black eye. She was trying her hardest to stay awake. The once beautiful pink gown she had on was covered in blood & dirt. Pure anger ran through Price’s veins seeing her in that state. Each of the terrorists had black balaclavas on & stood on either side of her.

“To the Royal Family & the United Kingdom, we are taking revenge. One by one each Royal family of each Western nation will start going missing if you do not fulfill our wishes. If you wan to see her again, let alone alive you will fulfill our wishes. The cost of her safe return is 500 million dollars. You have until midnight.” One of the Balaclava clad men demanded. He gripped her chin roughly & she protested at his grip. “You little cunt. You will respect me.” He lifted the hand that held a Glock in it & used the back of the gun to slap her across the face. A loud cracking noise happening & the video paused.

“Steamin’ Jesus,” Soap said. “Who are we dealing with?”

“The usual suspects.” Laswell replied. “We pinned their location & we have to act accordingly because it’s very clear their intentions will result in more violence. They’ve taken her to a warehouse in Romania, & we have their governments full permission to go in. So let’s get going, we lift off at 20:00.” She closed the laptop & everyone got up from their respective seats. Everyone started to funnel out of the conference room & started down to the air strip.

There was a heaviness in the air, they knew the weight on their shoulders. Not just the weight of the United Kingdom was on their shoulders but the entire western world. Alejandro’s team already had their gear laid out ready for inspection & he walked off to make sure they had everything.

“Alrighty lads lay out your gear for inspection.” Price shouted. One by one he went through each of their gear & made sure it was ready for use. Thankfully no one was missing anything. Two Blackhawk helicopters sat on the air strip waiting to take them over the border into Romania. 20:00 came faster then they had anticipated & both teams boarded the helicopters.

The usually chatty Task Force 141 sat in silence. They looked around at each other solemnly, & praying that the Duchess would be still alive. Price couldn’t get the image of her being brutalized. The men were familiar with her philanthropic efforts, & they were infuriated someone would go out their way to hurt her. Y/N had spent time overseas in incredibly dangerous countries delivering medicine herself, & showcasing what children in those countries go through. She was a saint in the public eye & overall was a incredibly kind woman.

“We are over the border gentlemen & in Romania. Fifteen minutes away from target.” The pilot had stated. They were all filled with pure adrenaline by this point eager to get on the ground. “Target located gentlemen.” The pilot. “Gods speed.” The warehouse was below them, & the fast ropes dropped. One by one both teams dropped men. Alejandro’s team took the ground & Task Force 141 took the roof. These terrorists clearly weren’t smart enough to plant guards on the roof.

Ghost kicked in the door the lead to the stairs. He threw in a grenade & then started to use the light on his rifle to lead the team in. They walked past bodies of the men hit by the grenade & started all the way down to the loading docks of the warehouse. Price could tell the warehouse hadn’t been used in years. Rust & mold were all over the metal of the building. Once they made it to the bottom of the stairs, they were greeted with the gun fire. Both Ghost & Price easily eliminated those threats.

Price could hear Alejandro’s team outside, the sound of the gun fire echoed through the building. The lights were completely knocked out but they were able to eliminate any & all targets.

“Captain!” Ghost yelled over the radio alerting Price. “Found her.” He ran over to the room were Ghost was. There she was, Y/N Windsor the Duchess of Windsor. Her ballgown was completely destroyed & was covered in wounds. Some deeper than others. She was entirely unconscious, poor thing couldn’t respond to Ghost’s questions. Thankfully she still had a pulse but it was evident she was hanging by a thread. Price picked her up & she was limp. “Ghost we need to get back to the helicopter.” He said. Over the radio Ghost had alerted Alejandro they had located the Duchess. Price held her close to his body, & tried to apply pressure to the more intense wounds. On the helicopter she was able to open her eyes, & saw the Union Jack on Price’s plate carrier. Still in his arms, she weakly lifted her arm up & pointed to the flag.

“Please don’t let me die,” she mustered out.

“Don’t worry darling, I won’t.” He replied. She then passed out again afterwards.

Finally they were able to get on board the helicopter & out of Romania. Once they had landed base on the air strip on base a ambulance was waiting for them. Price & Laswell sat in the back of the ambulance as a liaison for the Royals. Once at the hospital the staff took her & brought her immediately into surgery. Still covered in the Duchesses blood & sweat Price sat there in the waiting room his leg shaking out of anxiety. Laswell rubbed his back gently in an attempt to comfort him.

Eight hours of surgery later, the surgeon exited the operating room with good news. The Duchess was going to make a full recovery. A wave of relief washed over him. The news outlets were updated almost instantly by Buckingham Palace Officials. Price went everyday to the hospital to visit her. Although she was asleep & he still spoke to her. She infiltrated every single thought he had every waking moment. Soap had teased him a little bit about it only to be met with a death stare.

About a week later, she awoke to the sound of a deep British accent talking to her. The same one that had been in her dreams. She awoke to bright lights & the beeping of the heart monitor. Her moved around violently as she tried to take in her surroundings.

“Love, you’re alright you’re in the hospital.” The voice said as a hand started to pet her hair. She looked over & saw a man with full beard. He looked a little bit older than her. His blue eyes were amplified by the florescent hospital lighting. There was just so comforting about his presence. Two nurses came in & started to check on her vitals. She was able to answer as many questions as they threw at her. The mysterious man with the blue eyes still stood beside her. Once the two nurses left she turned to him.

“Who are you?” She asked. Her voice was meek & was cracking.

“Captain John Price your highness.” He replied. “I had helped lead the effort with my team to rescue you.” A flood of memories came back. She remembered the pain, & the blood stained Union Jack flag on his chest.

“I’m a man of my word love,” He replied & grabbed her hand.

“What?” She replied clearly the fog of amnesia still had it’s effect on her.

“I didn’t let you die love.” He replied. “I kept my promise.” His thumb brushed over her knuckles delicately. She gave him a soft smile in return.

“Thank you Captain Price,” she replied. Little did either one of them knew that this rescue would lead to the Royal Wedding of the decade.

[mariacallous]

Cities looking to eliminate fossil fuels in buildings have notched a decisive court victory. Last week, a federal judge dismissed a lawsuit brought by plumbing and building trade groups against a New York City ban on natural gas in new buildings. The decision is the first to explicitly disagree with a previous ruling that struck down Berkeley, California’s first-in-the-nation gas ban. That order, issued by the 9th US Circuit Court of Appeals in 2023 and upheld again last year, prompted cities across the country to withdraw or delay laws modeled after the Berkeley ordinance.

While New York City’s law functions differently from Berkeley’s, legal experts say that this month’s decision provides strong legal footing for all types of local policies to phase out gas in buildings—and could encourage cities to once again take ambitious action.

“It’s a clear win in that regard, because the 9th Circuit decision has had a really chilling effect on local governments,” said Amy Turner, director of the Cities Climate Law Initiative at Columbia University’s Sabin Center for Climate Change Law. “Now there’s something else to point to, and a good reason for hope for local governments that may have back-burnered their building electrification plans to bring those to the forefront again.”

In 2021, New York City adopted Local Law 154, which sets an air emissions limit for indoor combustion of fuels within new buildings. Under the law, the burning of “any substance that emits 25 kilograms or more of carbon dioxide per million British thermal units of energy” is prohibited. That standard effectively bans gas-burning stoves, furnaces, and water heaters, and any other fossil-fuel powered appliances. Instead, real estate developers have to install electric appliances, like induction stoves and heat pumps. The policy went into effect in 2024 for buildings under seven stories, and will apply to taller buildings starting in 2027.

Berkeley’s law, on the other hand, banned the installation of gas piping in new construction. The first-of-its-kind policy was passed in 2019 and inspired nearly a hundred local governments across the country to introduce similar laws. But the ordinance quickly faced a lawsuit by the California Restaurant Association, which argued that gas stoves were essential for the food service industry. In April 2023, the 9th Circuit court ruled in favor of the restaurant industry, holding that federal energy efficiency standards preempted Berkeley’s policy. In January 2024, a petition by the city of Berkeley to rehear the case on the 9th Circuit was denied.

Berkeley’s law, which was struck down by the 9th US Circuit Court of Appeals, banned the installation of gas piping in new construction. Photograph: Robert Nickelsberg/Getty Images

Last year’s denial of a rehearing included a detailed dissent by eight of the 29 judges on the 9th Circuit, who argued that the court’s ruling had been decided “erroneously” and “urge[d] any future court” considering the same argument “not to repeat the panel opinion’s mistakes.” Writing a dissent at all is unusual for an action as procedural as denying a rehearing, Turner noted. “It was clearly drafted to give a road map to other courts to find differently than the 9th Circuit did.”

One year later, that’s exactly what happened. In the New York City lawsuit, building industry groups and a union whose members work on gas infrastructure used the same logic that prevailed in the Berkeley case, arguing that the city’s electrification law is preempted by energy efficiency standards under the federal Energy Policy Conservation Act of 1975, or EPCA. This law sets national efficiency standards for major household appliances like furnaces, stoves, and clothes dryers. Under the law, states and cities can’t set their own energy conservation standards that would contradict federal ones. The trade groups argued that EPCA should also preempt any local laws, like New York’s, that would prevent the use of fossil fuel-powered appliances that meet national standards.

“By design, the city set that level so low as to ban all gas and oil appliances,” the groups wrote in their complaint. “The city’s gas ban thus prohibits all fuel gas appliances, violating federal law” and “presents a significant threat for businesses in New York City that sell, install, and service gas plumbing and infrastructure.”

Berkeley’s gas ban lost a lawsuit filed by the California Restaurant Association, which argued that gas stoves were essential for the food service industry. Photograph: Franco Origlia/Getty Images

Citing the 9th Circuit’s dissent, the US District Court for the Southern District of New York dismissed those claims. The plaintiffs’ argument broadens the scope of EPCA beyond reasonable bounds, District Judge Ronnie Abrams wrote in the court’s opinion. Regulating fuel use within certain buildings is standard practice in states and cities, she noted: New York City, for example, has banned the indoor use of kerosene space heaters for decades. “Were plaintiffs correct about the scope of EPCA, these vital safety regulations would likewise be preempted—an absurd result that the court must avoid,” Abrams wrote.

The decision could help reassure some states and cities that withdrew electrification plans after the Berkeley case, said Dror Ladin, a senior attorney at Earthjustice, a nonprofit that submitted an amicus brief on behalf of local environmental groups in the lawsuit. “This ruling demonstrates that there’s absolutely no reason to interpret the Berkeley decision so broadly,” he said. The argument brought forth by trade groups “is one that would bar a whole host of health and safety regulations, and alter the power of cities and states in a way that we’ve never seen in this country.”

By agreeing with the 9th Circuit dissent’s interpretation of EPCA, last week’s decision bolsters all types of electrification policies, including the one in New York City and those modeled after Berkeley, Turner noted. “This decision we’ve just gotten from the Southern District is more broadly protective,” she said. “Even if the air emissions route is not right for a city for whatever reason, other variations of a building electrification requirement or incentive could pass muster.”

The trade groups behind the lawsuit have said they will appeal the decision. Meanwhile, legal challenges using the same arguments brought against Berkeley’s gas ban have been launched against New York’s statewide building code and electrification policies in places like Denver, Montgomery County, Maryland, and Washington, DC.

Judges in those cases will inevitably refer to the Berkeley decision and last week’s ruling by the Southern District of New York, said Ladin—and he hopes they’ll give more weight to the latter. “Berkeley is not a well-reasoned decision, and this judge saw right through it, and I think many other judges will see through it too.”

[materialsscienceandengineering]

SI Derived Units: Energy, Work, Heat, and the Joule

The SI derived unit of energy was officially adopted as the joule, after James Prescott Joule, in 1889, only months before Joule's death. It is defined a number of ways, including as "the amount of work done when a force of one newton displaces a mass through a distance of one metre in the direction of that force" and is equivalent to a number of other units. Work and heat are two specific types of energy and therefore also use the joule in SI units.

Mathematically, the joule is represented by a capital J; energy is represented by any number of letters and symbols depending on the usage of the term (energy on its own is often capital E; work capital W, and heat capital Q, but U is often used for internal energy, K for kinetic energy, etc.). The joule is equal to one newton meter, or one watt second, or one coulomb volt, but in base units is one kg m^2 s^-2. Equivalent energy units in other systems are too numerous to give in detail, but include the following: the erg, the kilowatt-hour, the calorie, the British thermal unit or BTU, the electronvolt, and the foot-pound-force.

Sources/Further Reading: (Image source - collegedunia) (Wikipedia: Joule, Energy, Work, Heat) (Metric System) (LibreTexts) (Engineering Toolbox)

[wumblr]

once again it is time to post the LLNL energy consumption sankey diagram because i have seen at least three people this week making the error of thinking residential use and personal choice contributes any more than 12% of the energy budget

if residential energy use was 0%, if no one ever consumed any energy at home, we would still lose 67 quadrillion british thermal units to waste heat. the largest gains to be had by far are in recapturing lost energy, a topic that curiously no one discusses. fully two thirds of the energy we produce does not power anything

every discussion we have on this topic that is focused on residential use and personal choice amounts to obsessing over 8 quads of the budget to the exclusion of the other 92 of them. (if you look closely, residential use is twice as efficient as overall loss to waste. i almost got that wrong, and assumed residential use also loses two thirds to waste.) if all residential use was perfectly efficient, with no loss to waste, we would regain 4 quads. if overall usage was 6% more efficient... again, we would regain 4 quads!

if you want to talk about cars that's a different story, but this diagram does not separate out personal cars from industrial and commercial trucks, which makes it a bit less useful for that context. here's a pie chart from 2009 about it

cars also use 8 quads of the budget (29% of 27.5), but note that that includes commercial use like cabs and deliveries, and note that your commute is a cost you incur, when your commute emissions really ought to be your employer's responsiblity, since you wouldn't be driving there every day if they hadn't hired you. this is one of the only ways to turn a profit: abdicating responsibility for waste

i know everyone knows this and i've seen it said many times, that individual and personal choices will always pale vastly in comparison to industrial use, but the specific ratio by which commercial, industrial, and transportation use, and loss to waste, outnumber anything you do at home... is 12:1

please, please focus with me on the problems of scale instead of repeating the useful idiot dialogue that has been scripted for us

[plusmetals]

Cobalt Alloy Haynes 188 Sheet Suppliers

Cobalt Alloy Haynes 188 Sheet in Mumbai, Cobalt Alloy Haynes 188 Sheet Importers in Mumbai, Cobalt Alloy Haynes 188 Sheet Suppliers in Mumbai, Cobalt Alloy Haynes 188 Sheet Exporters in Mumbai, Cobalt Alloy Haynes 188 Sheet Stockists in Mumbai.

Haynes 188™ is a cobalt based alloy with excellent high temperature strength and great oxidation resistance up to 2000° F. Haynes 188’s™ has good resistance to sulfidation and good metallurgical stability, therefore Haynes 188™ can be easily fabricated.

Element

Min

Max

Carbon

0.05

0.15

Manganese

--

1.25

Silicon

0.20

0.50

Phosphorus

--

0.02

Sulfur

--

0.015

Chromium

21.0

23.0

Nickel

20.0

24.0

Tungsten

13.0

15.0

Lanthanum

0.03

0.12

Boron

--

0.015

Iron

--

3.0

Cobalt

Bal.

Physical Properties

Physical Properties

°F

British Units

°C

Metric Units

Density

72

0.324 lb./in.(3)

22

8.98 g/cm(3)

Incipient Fusion Temperature

2375- 2425

1302- 1330--

Electrical Resistivity

70

39.6 microhm-in.

21

1.01 microhm-m

Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

70 to -400

5.4 microin./in.-°F

21 to -200

9.7 X 10(-6)m/m-K

70 to -200

5.8 microin./in.-°F

21 to -129

10.4 X 10(-6)m/m-K

70-0

6.2 microin./in.-°F

21 to -18

11.2 X 10(-6)m/m-K

70-100

6.2 microin./in.-°F

21-38

11.5 X 10(-6)m/m-K

70-200

6.6 microin./in.-°F

21-93

11.9 X 10(-6)m/m-K

70-400

7.0 microin./in.-°F

21-204

12.6 X 10(-6)m/m-K

70-600

7.4 microin./in.-°F

21-316

13.3 X 10(-6)m/m-K

70-800

7.8 microin./in.-°F

21-427

14.0 X 10(-6)m/m-K

70-1000

8.2 microin./in.-°F

21-538

14.8 X 10(-6)m/m-K

70-1200

8.6 microin./in.-°F

21-649

15.5 X 10(-6)m/m-K

70-1400

9.0 microin./in.-°F

21-760

16.2 X 10(-6)m/m-K

70-1600

9.4 microin./in.-°F

21-871

16.9 X 10(-6)m/m-K

70-1800

9.9 microin./in.-°F

21-982

17.8 X 10(-6)m/m-K

70-2000

10.3 microin./in.-°F

21-1093

18.5 X 10(-6)m/m-K

Thermal Conductivity

100

75 Btu-in/ft²-hr-°F

38

10.8 W/m-K

400

100 Btu-in/ft²-hr-°F

204

14.4 W/m-K

600

112 Btu-in/ft²-hr-°F

316

16.1 W/m-K

800

125 Btu-in/ft²-hr-°F

427

18.0 W/m-K

1000

138 Btu-in/ft²-hr-°F

538

19.9 W/m-K

1200

152 Btu-in/ft²-hr-°F

649

21.9 W/m-K

1400

167 Btu-in/ft²-hr-°F

760

24.1 W/m-K

Thermal Diffusivity

572

0.006 in²/sec

300

3.9 x 10(-6)m²/s

752

0.006 in²/sec

400

3.9 x 10(-6)m²/s

932

0.007 in²/sec

500

4.5 x 10(-6)m²/s

1112

0.007 in²/sec

600

4.5 x 10(-6)m²/s

1409

0.008 in²/sec

765

5.2 x 10(-6)m²/s

1652

0.008 in²/sec

900

5.2 x 10(-6)m²/s

2012

0.009 in²/sec

1100

5.8 x 10(-6)m²/s

Magnetic Permeability (Room Temperature)

1.01 at 200 oersteds (15,900 A/m)

[squarestarheart]

Waiting breathlessly for the apologia for the British Thermal Unit, the Cooling Ton, and the Brake Horsepower

I know that—objectively—this is bullshit, but I have chosen to believe that the reason the US hasn't formally changed to the metric system is for the poets. When the going gets tough you can still claw your way forward inch by inch, but centimeter by centimeter just doesn't quite carry you. You're in love/excited/nervous/scared and your heart is beating a hundred miles per hour, whoa that sounds fast and dangerous! But a hundred kph? I've been passed by people going faster than that coming out of downtown on capital boulevard. The pound of flesh they take from you is raw and bloody and full of pain, the kilogram of flesh is impersonal and excised in laboratory conditions under strict observation. Liters are okay tho, if only because they sound like meter and a meter is used to measure things, so the measure of a man can be siphoned (as a byproduct of the kilogram) into a bottle with a screw cap lid and stored in a dark cool room until he is found wanting. A gallon would be wasteful, a quart too unserious, and a cup not enough to keep him from withering in the desert sands under 100 degree faeghreignheit sun. ...Okay maybe celsius gets a pass too.

[10bmnews]

Gas companies seek sharp price hike from July to cover shortfalls

Listen to article Pakistan’s two major gas utilities have filed requests to raise consumer prices significantly from July, citing projected financial shortfalls and revenue requirements for the 2025–26 fiscal year. According to regulatory filings, Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Ltd (SNGPL) has requested an average increase of Rs735.59 per million British thermal units (MMBTU), while Sui Southern Gas…

[crownlineuae]

How to Select the Perfect Air Conditioner for Your Home in 2025

It can get incredibly hot in the UAE, especially in the summer months — and without adequate cooling, you may be putting yourself and your family at risk of heat exhaustion. This is why air conditioners have become essential appliances for households. Are you planning to buy one? This article shares how to choose the perfect unit for your home and your requirements. You will also discover how a portable air conditioner compares to conventional units and discover the benefits of installing one.

Size your room and the unit.

Start by deciding where you want to place the air conditioner. Then, measure the room's square footage. This measurement will help you calculate the correct British Thermal Units (BTUs) needed for the space, which is essential for choosing the right-sized unit. A unit that's too small won't effectively cool the room, while a unit that's too large will waste energy and money.

It also helps to identify how much sun your home gets during the day. South-facing homes and rooms with plenty of windows need a more robust portable air conditioner like the Crownline PAC-224. Its maximum cooling is 14,000 BTUs, making it ideal for spaces up to 525 square feet. This AC also has an Efficiency Booster that lets you add up to 2.5 litres of water to maximise efficiency and cool the compressor. This allows the unit to cool faster without using too much energy.

Ensure energy efficiency

Air conditioners consume a lot of energy, but don’t worry — energy-efficient models like the Crownline PAC-405, which operates at 1350W and 6A, provide reliable cooling without excessive energy consumption. Built with Climate Class T3 technology, it's designed to perform consistently even in high-temperature environments.

Look for a versatile unit.

A freestanding portableair conditioner is easy to install and move from one space to another. The Crownline PAC-152 is a great option for a 425-square-foot room, offering 12,000 BTUs of affordable cooling. You'll find it convenient to use with the remote control and a 24-hour timer. The user-friendly window kit and automatic temperature control ensure comfort in any room, whether a studio apartment or living room.

Get the best home air conditioner today.

Crownline is one of the best places to get the perfect portable air conditioner in the UAE. You’ll find their products at any National Store outlet near you. You can also buy our products from noon.com or Amazon.ae if you prefer to shop online. Buying wholesale? Get in touch through WhatsApp at +971553006031.

[rukaiya]

How to Choose the Best HVAC System for Dubai’s Climate

Introduction

Dubai’s extreme climate, characterized by scorching summers and mild winters, makes an efficient HVAC system a necessity for homes and businesses. With temperatures soaring above 45°C in summer, selecting the right HVAC installation & maintenance in Dubai is crucial for comfort, energy efficiency, and cost savings.

As a leading provider of HVAC installation & maintenance in Dubai, Neo Spacio specializes in offering top-notch solutions designed for the city’s unique climate. This guide will help you choose the best HVAC system tailored to your needs.

1. Understanding Dubai’s Climate and Its Impact on HVAC Systems

Dubai has a desert climate with high temperatures and humidity levels. These conditions put immense strain on air conditioning systems, requiring HVAC units that are:

High-performance to maintain cooling efficiency

Energy-efficient to reduce electricity bills

Durable to withstand extreme temperatures

Low-maintenance to ensure long-term functionality

2. Types of HVAC Systems Suitable for Dubai

When selecting an HVAC system, it’s essential to understand the available options:

a. Central Air Conditioning Systems

Ideal for large homes, offices, and commercial spaces

Provides uniform cooling across multiple rooms

Works best with proper ductwork installation

b. Split Air Conditioning Systems

Perfect for apartments and smaller spaces

Offers flexibility with individual unit control

More energy-efficient compared to window ACs

c. VRF (Variable Refrigerant Flow) Systems

Best for high-end villas, hotels, and offices

Provides precise temperature control for different rooms

Energy-efficient and ideal for Dubai’s humid conditions

d. Ductless Mini-Split Systems

A good choice for homes without existing ductwork

Easy to install with zoned cooling capabilities

More energy-efficient than traditional systems

3. Factors to Consider When Choosing an HVAC System in Dubai

a. Energy Efficiency and SEER Ratings

Dubai’s electricity bills can be high due to excessive AC usage. Choosing an HVAC system with a high SEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio) rating ensures lower energy consumption. Look for inverter technology that adjusts cooling levels based on the room’s requirements.

b. Cooling Capacity & BTU Calculation

The size of your space determines the British Thermal Unit (BTU) rating you need. A unit too small will struggle to cool, while an oversized one will waste energy. Consult Neo Spacio’s HVAC experts for an accurate BTU assessment.

c. Air Quality & Filtration Systems

Dubai’s dusty environment requires HVAC systems with advanced air filtration to remove dust, allergens, and pollutants. Opt for HEPA or activated carbon filters to maintain clean indoor air.

d. Smart Technology Integration

Modern HVAC systems come with smart thermostats and AI-based controls that allow remote operation via mobile apps. Features like humidity sensors and automatic temperature adjustments can significantly improve comfort levels.

e. Installation & Maintenance Requirements

Proper installation is key to maximizing your HVAC system’s efficiency. Neo Spacio offers professional HVAC installation & maintenance in Dubai, ensuring:

Correct ductwork design to prevent cooling loss

Regular maintenance services to enhance durability

Cleaning and filter replacement for optimal performance

4. Cost Considerations and Budget Planning

HVAC systems are a long-term investment. While high-quality systems may cost more upfront, they offer: ✔ Lower electricity bills ✔ Fewer repair expenses ✔ Longer lifespan

Compare different models based on:

Initial cost vs. long-term energy savings

Warranty and service agreements

Maintenance requirements

5. Importance of Professional HVAC Installation & Maintenance in Dubai

To ensure optimal performance and longevity, always hire certified professionals like Neo Spacio for installation and maintenance. Here’s why:

Correct Sizing & Load Calculation: Ensures the system is neither too big nor too small.

Proper Ductwork & Ventilation: Prevents energy loss and improves airflow.

Regular Servicing & Tune-Ups: Extends the life of the HVAC system.

Neglecting maintenance can lead to: ⚠ Higher energy bills ⚠ Frequent breakdowns ⚠ Poor indoor air quality

With Neo Spacio’s HVAC maintenance plans, you can keep your system running smoothly year-round.

6. Choosing Neo Spacio for Your HVAC Installation & Maintenance in Dubai

At Neo Spacio, we provide: ✔ Expert Consultation: Helping you choose the best HVAC system for your needs. ✔ Energy-Efficient Solutions: Cutting-edge systems that lower electricity bills. ✔ Seamless Installation: Done by certified professionals for maximum efficiency. ✔ Comprehensive Maintenance Plans: To extend the lifespan of your HVAC unit.

Conclusion

Choosing the right HVAC system in Dubai requires careful consideration of energy efficiency, cooling capacity, and maintenance needs. With the city’s harsh climate, investing in a high-quality, well-maintained HVAC system is essential for comfort and cost savings.

For reliable HVAC installation & maintenance in Dubai, trust Neo Spacio to deliver cutting-edge solutions tailored to your needs. Contact us today for a free consultation and experience unparalleled comfort all year round!

[screenmobile]

Portable Air Conditioners for a 3-Season Room: Stay Cool Without Breaking a Sweat

Have you ever stepped into your 3-season room on a hot summer afternoon, expecting a breezy oasis, only to feel like you just walked into a giant greenhouse? Yeah, me too. Those beautiful, sun-soaked spaces can be an absolute dream—until the temperature decides to remind you who's boss.

That’s where portable air conditioners come in. They’re a lifesaver for keeping your 3-season room cool and comfortable, without the hassle of installing a full HVAC system or spending a fortune on ductwork. But here’s the thing: not all portable ACs are created equal. So let’s chat about what you need to know before picking one, what features matter, and how you can enjoy your space year-round (or, at least, three-quarters of the time).

Why a Portable Air Conditioner for a 3-Season Room?

First things first—why not just use a ceiling fan? Or better yet, a regular old window AC?

Well, here’s the deal. Many 3-season rooms aren’t connected to the central AC in your house. They’re built for spring, summer, and fall—meaning insulation is meh at best, and temperature control is an afterthought. Those big windows and screens turn your space into a solar oven when it gets hot.

Portable ACs are a solid solution because:

They’re flexible. Roll it in when the heat kicks up, store it when you don’t need it.

They don’t require major installation. No need to drill into your walls or permanently alter your sunroom.

They’re budget-friendly. Compared to mini-split systems or extending your central air, portable ACs are cost-effective.

And let’s be real—sometimes you just wanna enjoy your morning coffee in the sunroom without sweating through your pajamas.

What to Look for in a Portable AC for a 3-Season Room

You might be thinking, "Okay, but how do I pick the right one?" Good question. Because if you grab just any old unit, you might end up with something that barely makes a difference—or worse, just guzzles electricity while barely cooling the air.

BTUs Matter 

Have you Ever seen those numbers on an AC unit—like 8,000 BTU or 14,000 BTU—and wondered what they mean? BTUs (British Thermal Units) measure cooling power without getting too technical.

For a 3-season room, aim for something in the 10,000–14,000 BTU range. Too small, and you’ll be sweating. It is too big and might cool too quickly without properly dehumidifying, making the air sticky.

If your 3-season room has a ton of direct sunlight, bump up the BTU count by 10-20% to compensate for that extra heat.

Venting

Portable ACs must vent hot air somewhere—usually through a window or sliding door. If your 3-season room doesn’t have a standard window, don’t worry. Some AC units have adjustable venting kits with sliding doors or a custom screen vent.

If your sunroom has screens but no windows for venting, you can get creative with a small plexiglass insert for a sliding door. It’s not pretty, but it gets the job done.

Dual-Hose vs. Single-Hose: What’s the Difference?

Single-hose units pull warm air from the room, cool it, then push the hot air out. They’re cheaper but can create negative pressure, sometimes pulling hot air back in.

Dual-hose units are a bit pricier but work more efficiently by bringing in fresh air and expelling warm air separately.

For 3-season rooms, dual-hose is the better option since it helps with airflow and doesn’t waste as much energy.

Dehumidifier Mode = A Game-Changer

Ever noticed how some days feel hotter even if the temperature is the same? That’s humidity for you. A good portable AC will also dehumidify the air, making it feel cooler and more comfortable.

Some models even let you run just the dehumidifier mode without cooling. Perfect for those sticky spring and fall days when it’s not super hot but still muggy.

No one wants to feel like they’re living next to a jet engine. If you plan to use your 3-season room for relaxing, reading, or even working, check the decibel rating before you buy. Anything under 55 dB is reasonable—quieter than a normal conversation.

Best Portable AC Picks for a 3-Season Room in 2025

So, what’s actually worth buying this year? Here are a few standout models:

Whynter ARC-14S (Dual-Hose, 14,000 BTU)

Best for larger 3-season rooms (up to 500 sq. ft.)

Efficient cooling with dual-hose setup

Has a built-in dehumidifier and activated carbon air filter

Slightly pricey, but worth it for long-term use

BLACK+DECKER BPACT12WT (Single-Hose, 12,000 BTU)

Budget-friendly and reliable

Ideal for mid-sized sunrooms

Compact design, easy to store

Can be a bit noisier than dual-hose models

Honeywell MN14CEDWW (14,000 BTU, Smart Control)

Wi-Fi-enabled (control from your phone!)

Great for energy efficiency

Works well in rooms with lots of sun exposure

A little on the heavier side

Each of these has strengths depending on your space and budget, so pick the one that fits your needs best.

How to Make Your 3-Season Room Even Cooler 

Want to maximize your AC’s efficiency? Try these tricks:

Install light-blocking curtains to keep the sun from turning your room into a sauna.

Use a ceiling or box fan to circulate cool air better.

Seal any gaps where warm air might sneak in.

Add some plants! Believe it or not, certain houseplants (like areca palms) help naturally cool a space by releasing moisture.

Final Thoughts

A portable AC can turn your sunroom into the chill hangout spot you want to use in the summer. Whether sipping coffee in the morning or enjoying a late-night glass of wine, you deserve to be comfortable.

Looking to upgrade your 3-season room or add screen enclosures? Screenmobile of South Bend has got you covered. They specialize in sunrooms, screen enclosures, and custom solutions to make your space more livable—whether you’re battling the heat, bugs, or both.

Check them out and give your sunroom the upgrade it deserves! What’s your go-to trick for staying cool? Drop a comment below—I’d love to hear your tips.

[seo678]

how to heat an outdoor party tent

Hosting an event in an outdoor party tent adds a unique charm, but cold weather can quickly turn guests into shivering spectators. Proper heating isn’t just about comfort—it’s about ensuring your gathering remains lively, safe, and enjoyable. Whether you’re planning a winter wedding, a fall festival, or a corporate retreat, here’s a step-by-step guide to heating your outdoor party tent effectively.

Assess Your Heating Needs

Before selecting heating solutions, calculate the required warmth using the tent’s size and expected outdoor temperature. A general rule is 10–15 BTUs (British Thermal Units) per square foot. For example, a 1,000-square-foot tent in 40°F weather would need 10,000–15,000 BTUs. Factor in guest density—more people mean higher body heat, reducing the load on artificial heating.

Choose the Right Heating Method

a. Propane Heaters

Portable propane heaters are popular for tents due to their efficiency and ease of use. Opt for models with built-in oxygen depletion sensors (ODS) and tip-over shutoffs. For a 20x20 tent, two 40,000 BTU heaters often suffice. Distribute them evenly to avoid hot/cold zones.

b. Electric Heaters

Electric radiant heaters or forced-air units work well in semi-enclosed spaces. Ensure access to generators or outdoor outlets, and use GFCI-protected circuits to prevent shocks. Infrared heaters are ideal for spot-warming seating areas.

c. Wood Stoves or Fire Pits

For rustic events, a wood stove or fire pit creates ambiance. However, prioritize safety: use spark screens, non-flammable flooring, and position them away from tent walls. Check local fire codes first.

Insulate and Seal the Tent

Even the best heaters struggle in drafty tents. Improve efficiency by:

Sealing gaps: Use weather stripping or heavy-duty tape around doors and seams.

Adding insulation: Drape thermal blankets over tent ceilings or walls.

Layering flooring: Place carpets or rubber mats over grass to retain heat.

Prioritize Safety

a. Ventilation

Carbon monoxide (CO) and fire hazards are real risks. Keep a window or vent open for airflow, especially with fuel-burning heaters. Install CO detectors inside the tent.

b. Fire Prevention

Avoid hanging fabrics near heaters. Use fire-retardant decor and keep exits clear. Train staff on emergency protocols.

c. Emergency Planning

Have fire extinguishers, first-aid kits, and a clear evacuation plan. Assign someone to monitor heaters throughout the event.

Enhance Comfort with Accessories

Warm Beverages and Blankets: Offer hot cocoa bars or branded fleece throws as guest favors.

Heated Furniture: Use chairs or cushions with built-in warming pads.

Zoning: Create a “warm lounge” with extra heaters for guests seeking refuge from the cold.

Conclusion

Heating an outdoor party tent successfully hinges on balancing warmth, safety, and practicality. Start by assessing your tent’s size and climate conditions, then select heaters that match your power sources and aesthetic preferences. Don’t overlook insulation and ventilation—these steps maximize efficiency while minimizing risks. Finally, layer comfort elements like blankets and beverages to create a cozy atmosphere that keeps guests happy, no matter the weather. With careful planning, your outdoor party tent can transform even the chilliest night into a memorable celebration.

[lilulicious]

Chapter 4: The Audition

Before THEN:

Earth, 2023. Salt Lake City, UT, U.S.A., inside a behavioral health inpatient facility contracted by the United States Department of Defense for treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) focusing on combat trauma, military sexual trauma (MST), and childhood trauma, where one room holds a discharged patient ready to leave at the facility's 11:00am pick-up time.

Sgt. Lilu McLovin sat on the edge of her bed and looked out the window at the snowy peaks of the Wasatch mountains, shrouded in clouds and mist. It looked pretty damned frosty outside. Maybe she should take an extra thermal out of the suitcase she had so carefully packed, sitting by the door. Everything she'd brought with her, and a few things she had collected over the course of the 60-day PTSD program resided in that suitcase and a small carryon bag. She had avoided making any new, sentimental attachments to people, so she hadn't saved much from her time here. Attachments had undone her, they were continuing to undo her mind, and the less of them she formed going forward, the better off she would be. That was the only real conclusion to which she had arrived. Treatment: successful? "They won't put that in the brochure," she mused, bitterly.

But she couldn't help feeling like disappearing into the wilderness of the Rocky Mountains, to which the Wasatch range belonged. Disappearing and never being heard from again. Maybe she could dye her red hair a deep brunette or bleach it a beachy blonde. She could reappear after a while, get a job as a truck stop waitress somewhere in Nebraska, meet a farmer, get married, raise wheat and hogs, get a horse or two, go rodeoing every weekend and compete in the barrel racing...

There was a sharp rap on the door, interrupting her fantasies of escape. Lilu glanced at the clock hanging on the wall as, at the same time, she could hear the door swinging open. 11:00am, on the dot.

"Hi Dad," she said, without turning around.

Robert McLovin, the kind of man that women would call a "silver fox", stood in the doorway, slender and tall and resplendent in his Burberry ensemble of black cashmere overcoat and signature tan plaid scarf. Without even raising his eyes to look at his daughter, he instead surveyed his watch and said in a voice tinged with an London accent that never seemed to die, "If we're going to catch that flight to Seattle, we'd better get moving."

Not for the first time, Lilu wished she had been born into one of those families with a normal father, one where she might have been Daddy's little girl. Or maybe that was the problem. Lilu was almost groomed to be an heir apparent to the great Robert McLovin, a CIA legend amongst spooks or, more formally, intelligence officers/spies. Except she didn't do anything like he had expected her to do. She didn't finish college. She enjoyed mixed martial arts and shooting, but she really wanted to be a sniper, not a spook, so she joined the Army. Her accomplishments would have made a regular military man proud. She was one of the very first female active-duty snipers. She'd started as a spotter on a team and worked her way up, she could function as a solo sniper, and she was damned good, too; one of the sneakiest, dirtiest foes the enemy would never see. Plus, she'd gotten to run with the Rangers. She'd been on missions with Delta guys. And yeah, she'd done some of her dad's clandestine jobs on the sly.

But not good enough for Robert McLovin. Robert was London born to a British father and American mother who met during World War II and decided to stay in the UK. He was an Oxford-educated dual-citizen, and a CIA analyst turned field agent par excellence. But, as he was aging, he was slowly returning to his role as an analyst and had hoped his only child would take up the mantle in the field, because what a pair they would make. He imagined himself sending her on to glory in the Company, as the CIA was "affectionately" known. And now... she really screwed up, as far as he was concerned, and this mess that landed her in the "looney bin" was a referendum not only on her character, but a stain on his reputation, apparently. The injury and trauma to her body and mind were incidental to the scandalous whispers in the hallways at Langley. What kind of man raised a daughter like this?

She felt the weight of his judgment the entire length of their wordless trip to the airport, sitting in the back of a hired black Town Car. As the vehicle pulled up to her airline's curbside check-in, she got out of the car. She noticed that her father wasn't moving.

"Aren't you coming with me, Dad?" she queried, puzzled and wary.

"No," he said, "I have to catch a separate flight back to DC and once I report back, I'll be returning to home to New York." He finally looked squarely at her. "I'm sorry, darling. Truly, I am. About everything." He looked down again, cleared his throat, and then said, "You'll find everything you need in this." He handed her a letter-sized manila envelope. "The spot I got for you is near a town called Tenino. It's a sport horse facility, eventing, jumping, dressage... it should be therapeutic mentally and physically. You'll have a small apartment to yourself over the barn, and I've gotten you a little car. It'll be waiting for you there. The owner of the farm is a friend I helped out long ago, he owed me a favor. He'll owe me another once he sees you ride. Plus, considering you're still officially active-duty, he'll be flexible if any..." and here, Robert looked sly, "other work comes up."

Lilu snorted. Typical. "How am I supposed to get to wherever the hell I'm going from the airport? Tenino?" Lilu asked, as she took the envelope from Robert, noticing that the driver had already placed her things with the airline baggage attendant, who in turn was waiting for her by an empty queue area. She was still stunned that Robert was sending her, fresh out of treatment, as a set-up to do spook shit while she was at her new digs. At least until the Army decided what they wanted to do with her. Dad of the Year, ladies and gentlemen.

"Same owner has a client who is the Thurston County Sheriff. Well, the Sheriff's teenaged daughter is the actual client, you horse girls, you know. Since you're still active duty, I convinced him to have the Sheriff send a deputy to pick you up." Robert saw the look of protest starting to form on his daughter's face. "Uh, but in plain clothes, don't worry. It won't attract attention."

The Town Car's driver had reentered the vehicle. Robert turned his attention to the man and Lilu thought she heard him say, "OK, we're ready," then nodded curtly at his daughter in a gesture she knew as "we're done here". She started to close the door then said, "Wait, what's his name?" Noting the blank look on her father's face, she clarified. "The deputy? What's his name?"

"His name is Adam. You'll like him". And with that, her father reached over, snatched the door shut without so much as a goodbye, an "I love you", or even a "fuck you", and the car sped away.

-------------------------------------------------

NOW:

As Lilu trailed behind Sarah into the Lodge, she became aware of the history displayed on the walls. Explorers of the past from Earth were honored, as well as those that, she assumed, were from these new times in the Settled Systems. She wondered if some, if not all, were Constellation members, or at least had some hand in the organization. Wouldn't it be something if, for once, she stumbled onto work that actually was uplifting and inspiring, instead of pretending to be on the side of righteousness, only to bring betrayal and death because some shadow authority had ordered it? State sanctioned murder a la carte.

She had never been in a situation with potential like this in her adult life. Lilu was afraid to hope, because hope usually came with a catch, especially where people were involved. Initially, her only thoughts when leaving Vectera and Argos Extractors, and getting to the Lodge were that at least she was out from under UC SysDef's thumb for the moment. And she wasn't going to be stuck as a miner, a life which she knew nothing about. But now that Constellation seemed more real, more tangible, her change of fortune brought the possibilities to life.

Sarah had said to take some time to settle in, explore the house and facility, and talk to everyone, and then they would head out to look for another Artifact. This could be one of the most important times in Lilu's life to overcome her new aversion to being a social butterfly, as this escape to Constellation could mean a chance to escape the UC's watchful eye for good. Vasco had said the organization was not tied to any major galactic faction; that it resided in the UC was coincidental.

So, she started with Matteo, an enthusiastic, young theologian who had been stealing religious relics from corporate fat-cats, and had been nabbed red-handed by Walter Stroud, one of said fat-cats and the the older gentleman who was the benefactor of the Lodge. Walter was a CEO from an eponymous starship company, Stroud-Ecklund, and he looked every bit of it in his fine black suit. Stroud's fascination with Constellation had him digging money out of deep pockets to fund the whole operation. Walter must've figured someone with Matteo's passion and skill was too much of an asset to the group to send to jail, and wisely so. The tight-fitting, distinctive cap that Matteo wore was a signature of his faith, the Sanctum Universum, which Lilu had no idea what that was. There did not seem to be Old Earth versions of religion here. The two men were an interesting pair who enjoyed verbal sparring to an almost pathological degree.

Noel, the young Black woman who was so excited about the Artifacts' reactions earlier, was an emergent UC researcher that Constellation snapped up after observing her talents. Objective and analytical, always in search of more evidence, she asked Lilu to keep an eye open in the field for more samples and scans to bring back to her. She also showed Lilu around the Lodge. The solarium gardens, the library, the upstairs bar, and then her new quarters: Lilu could hardly believe it, it was so posh. She had stayed in 5-star hotels back on Old Earth that weren't this nice. There was even a mini-bar cart inside. Why ever leave?

During their earlier chat, Walter had mentioned that, in the basement, there were workbenches and materials for customizing weapons, armors, and spacesuits, so upon the completion of Noel's tour, Lilu went to check that out. Sarah had point-blank stated that their upcoming Artifact hunt would also serve as a test of the new Constellation recruit's capabilities. Lilu wasn't going in with that crappy pistol she grabbed from Vectera. She wanted a long gun.

She went downstairs and found a few weapons on a wall mounted rack, and, to her delight, a small automatic rifle called a Beowulf (the name conjuring nightmares of English Literature in high school), which looked almost perfect. It would need a little work to fit her needs though. She turned to the weapons workbench. It was definitely more modern than what she had used back on Earth, but the CAD/CAM principles were similar and the input screens were intuitive. She was able to machine and refit a long barrel, add a suppressor, and load penetrator rounds. It wasn't exactly a sniper rifle, but it would do. She was ready to lock and load. Back on familiar ground at last.

As for the spacesuit, well... there was a workbench for that, too, but she didn't really know how to work on it, or truthfully what it needed. Reinforcement? Could you put armor plating on a spacesuit? Never mind, she lived through the Crimson Fleet attack on Vectera wearing this mining suit, she could learn more about this later. The one thing she could use though... a change of clothing. She had left her scant few things back at the Argos Extractors base. She went back upstairs to the library to find Sarah.

"All ready to go?" asked Sarah, smiling at her.

"Well," she started, and took a deep breath knowing how ridiculously vain she was about to sound, then mustering the courage because she just wanted a change of clean clothing. "I was wondering, is there someplace where I could pick up some clothes, undergarments, that sort of thing. I've been in these," and she grimaced and gestured around her torso, "for a long while now."

"Ah, yes," Sarah chuckled, "I would offer to loan you some of mine, but you're much larger than I am. We can go by EIT Clothiers on the way to our first stop."

Lilu was a master of maintaining her facial expression, a poker face necessary in tense moments during some of her "clandestine" missions. But... was that a dig? Surely not. Probably just matter of fact. Lilu was...well, curvy was a euphemism one could use. But if Sarah wanted to do a fitness challenge... Oh come on, Lilu, don't be so insecure, she told herself. "Ok, thanks, Sarah, I'd appreciate that," she said, returning a smile that anyone in the room would have believed was genuine.

So, off they went, walking through New Atlantis, first to the clothing shop where Lilu found some items that were both eye-appealing and utilitarian for a variety of weather conditions because she had no idea where they'd be going. After that, Sarah showed Lilu around a few of the more critical vendors that most Constellation members seemed to find useful. Then, to Lilu's dismay, they were headed back to the MAST building where she had spent too much of her time locked up in their veritable dungeons they euphemistically called holding quarters. But this time, no lockups, it was to visit the UC Vanguard.

Vanguard Commander John Tuala's eyes lit up when he saw them, and he made it clear that in Sarah, here was yet another veteran of the UC military. One thing that did seem promising to Lilu was that in the United Colonies, women served their armed forces in combat proudly and without prejudice. How refreshing. All she had to do was go back to Earth and tell women and girls in the American military that they need only wait a couple hundred years and for their planet to be destroyed! Yay. It was hard not to feel a little bitter about that.

The lead they were looking for was on a Vanguard Captain Moara Otero, who Commander Tuala said was assigned to the "Sol System". Lilu's mind went blank for a second, and then it clicked what that must have meant. "No te olvides, eres Columbiana primero y luego Americana, Liluana," her mother would have reminded her right now (Don't forget, you are Columbian first, then American, Liluana). El Sol, the sun, the Earth's sun. She would be heading back home, in a manner of speaking. Her head was swimming. To rescue what sounded like a Latino brother in arms, Captain Otero. She wondered if he even had any cultural connection remaining. God, she missed home and someone to talk to that understood.

Sarah and Lilu headed directly to the spaceport and the Frontier, then departed from Jemison and New Atlantis. According to Commander Tuala, their first stop in the Sol System was Mars. "MARS?!?!" Lilu thought silently to herself. Sarah had still not made it clear whether she had received news from the UC via Lin as proxy about Lilu's past, so she wasn't going to give anything away. Although, Sarah had played dutiful tour guide all the way through New Atlantis and even now she was citing Martian trivia as they were descending upon the landing pad on the red planet. Did Sarah know? Maybe people who arrived to the big city from other worlds needed such initiations anyway. Best to stay noncommittal and not show any cards yet.

Mars's major city was Cydonia, built underground to escape the planet's harsh surface conditions. The recycled air tasted stale and dusty but once through the airlocks, they could walk without the protection of helmets and spacesuits. "And hopefully without harm from whatever we're breathing," thought Lilu. Despite Sarah decrying it as a drab and depressing place, the city had most of the standard amenities she had seen in New Atlantis. The function of a UC city, or just franchises in the Settled Systems as a whole? It was a mystery to her but exploration was more than Artifacts or new solar systems. It was finding out if there was a Chunks store at every stop. She had to admit, Chunks pie had grown on her; after all, who doesn't like pie?

At the main watering hole, the Broken Spear, the bartender, John, decided he was in the business of extortion instead of selling drinks. Sarah and Lilu asked for information about Vanguard Moara, but John said Moara had left a sizable tab, and with it, a sizable gap in John's memory unless he could recoup some of those credits. Shady bartenders in dive bars, Lilu mused, now this place feels like home. They parted with the credits and got a new lead... next stop: Venus.

Back to the Frontier and off they went. Lilu was getting the hang of flying the little ship. She still didn't know what most of the numbers on the various cockpit displays meant, and they had left Vasco back at the Lodge. Hopefully there would be no emergencies or maybe Sarah knew what to do, otherwise they would be in some deep shit.

In Venus's orbit, they didn't find Vanguard Moara's ship, but a satellite link held a message from from the wayward captain, saying he was heading towards the Nova Galactic Staryard, which was orbiting Luna. She set course. "Jesus," thought Lilu. "Luna, does this mean Earth's moon? My Moon?" And as they crossed within view of the moon, THE Moon she'd gazed up at as a child of Old Earth, she never felt closer to home, or further away. Her old life was truly gone forever, she had to start accepting she could no longer hope that somehow, someway, she could go back. And if she wanted this to be her life now, if she wanted to be more than a miner, or a prisoner, this audition had more importance than she had originally assigned it. She HAD to make the best of it.

She sidled the Frontier up to the space station, and despite her initial misgivings, she docked it. The computer aided guidance system made what, at first glance, seemed like a terrifyingly daunting task actually turn out to be a cakewalk, the arms on the side of the dock helped to keep her square and guide her home. She followed Sarah through the hatch into the station's lobby, and was immediately greeted by the sight of a corpse in a civilian spacesuit, blood spattered on the wall behind it and with gore bursting through the faceplate of the helmet. There was another body in a much-patched, well-worn, mismatched spacesuit further inside the lobby, the ruined face inside bearing tattoos around the eyes. At least the atmosphere inside the station was breathable and there was enough gravity to walk normally. She could hear gunfire ringing out somewhere deeper inside the facility.

Sarah looked at the body with the tattooed eyes and said, "Looks like Spacers, ever run into them?" Lilu shook her head, and Sarah continued, "You'll find them scavenging all about the Settled Systems, in abandoned UC and Freestar facilities left over after the Colony Wars. Spacers are like the Crimson Fleet, only less organized, if you can believe that, nothing is off limits to them. Keep your weapon ready."

They went through a doorway and into a passage that opened up into a wider branch that split into two directions. Suddenly, tracer fire opened up from either direction of the branch. Two groups appeared to be fighting each other. Lilu dove behind a cluster of shipping crates, Sarah tight behind her. She peeked out one side, and saw to her right, in the medical bay, a few guns shooting haphazardly towards some silver-suited targets to her left, in the stairwell of the control room, who were returning fire. Those control room fighters seemed a bit more organized and aggressive. The fighters in the medical bay reminded her of the Crimson Fleet she had encountered on Vectera, but without as much skill. Almost as if reading the questions in her mind, Sarah filled in the gaps for her.

"That group towards the med bay," hissed Sarah in her ear and gesturing with her hand to the right, "those are the Spacers. The people fighting from the control room are Ecliptic mercenaries. I'm surprised to see them all the way out here. I think the Spacers got more than they bargained for trying to scavenge here if there were already Ecliptic claiming this staryard as their own. We're going to have to fight both of them, I'm afraid."

"OK, no problem," whispered Lilu. She had led less experienced troops through tricky situations before, she went through a quick rundown of communications to make sure they were on the same page. "Just follow my lead and don't cross in front of my line of sight please. Watch my hand: forward, left, right, stop." She gestured by waving her hand subtly in forward, directional, and closed fist movements to Sarah to be sure she understood, but Sarah seemed amused.

"Pretty serious for a miner, do they give you all this type of offensive training with laser cutters?" Sarah softly quipped, the glint in her eye impossible to read. Humor? Or sarcasm? Lilu stared with blank incredulity, then turned away. If Sarah didn't want to listen, it was her funeral.

Lilu pulled out the little Beowulf, crouched, slotted the rifle into her shoulder and the sight to her eye, and started creeping forward towards the Spacers, using strewn shipping crates and forklifts for cover. She got one in her sights and shot them through the eye, the next one through the forehead, and the third one through the throat in about 60 seconds before turning the corner to go deeper into the med bay. In under 3 minutes she cleared the entire wing of Spacers, picked up med packs, ammo, food and hydration. Everything a body needs, she thought. Time to turn around and take out some Ecliptic.

They went back the way they had come into the wing, but the Ecliptic were no longer hanging in the opening to the control room stairwell they had been occupying when Sarah and Lilu had first arrived. Not great with the follow-through, eh, boys and girls, thought Lilu. Smart money would be to check out if the Spacers had departed, but instead the Ecliptic just assumed they had killed the Spacers or had driven them off. "This," thought Lilu, "is how you get yourselves killed, dumbasses. All the better for us."

Still, doesn't pay to be a dumbass yourself, she thought, so she stayed low to the floor, creeping through the crates towards the stairwell. She was starting up the steps into the computerized control room when a hail of gunfire blasted off in her direction, clattering off the railing. "Gotcha," she breathed, swiveled the Beowulf's muzzle up and to the left, quickly took aim, and fired. An Ecliptic tumbled off the railing from the mezzanine above and across from her and landed on the floor with a satisfying crunch. But no resting on that, more gunfire erupted, there were at least two or more on the mezzanine but there was no shot solution from where she was crouched; she had to get up there fast. She bolted up the steps.

Sarah had other ideas. She had used her boost pack to jet up to the mezzanine the easy way. Later, Lilu would ask herself why she didn't think of that. But in the moment, the real problem surfaced: Lilu had just gotten to the top of the steps, breathlessly drew her rifle down and took aim at the first of the Ecliptic just as Sarah launched herself over the mezzanine railing. As Lilu squeezed the trigger, Sarah's body came down across her sights. Lilu let go of the trigger but it was too late. The penetrator round went through the back of Sarah's shoulder blade and into the Ecliptic's helmet, dropping both of them.

"Shit, shit, SHIT!" hissed Lilu to herself. She had to finish the game, though, before she could do anything else. As fast as she could, she emptied her mind of Sarah, snapped her sights on the Ecliptic standing next to the one she'd killed, ended that one, too. By then, one of the others had made it across the room to her and bashed her on the shoulder with their rifle. It staggered her but she swung around and, not for the first time, she was grateful for the Beowulf's small profile, even with the long barrel with which she'd modified it. She didn't even have to aim, she just line up her arm with the Ecliptic's torso and pulled the trigger several times in rapid succession. Blood exploded all over her chest and arms and that was one less baddie to worry about. The final Ecliptic started to turn and run toward yet another passage deeper into the station but she was able to down him before he could get out of the room. As he started to crawl away, she only briefly wrestled with the morality of killing an injured enemy before they could call in their cavalry. There was no morality here, she did what she had to do.

Now for Sarah, good lord, how would she pass an audition if she had just killed the judge? Sarah was on the ground, so pale she looked blue, clutching at her shoulder and bleeding profusely. She said, "I don't think I can go on like this." Lilu thought about it and pulled out two Emergency Kits from a cargo pocket in her pants, and plastered them onto Sarah's shoulder, covering both entrance and exit wounds. Within a few seconds, the color returned to Sarah's face, and she started to improve. And after a few seconds more, one would have thought nothing had happened, were it not for telltale holes and bloodstains in her clothing.

"I'm so sorry, Sarah, I sure as shit didn't mean to. Once I'm sighted in and squeeze the trigger, if something moves across my line of sight it's too late, it's baked into my training."

"Your training?" gasped Sarah, now struggling to sit up, clutching the kit covering the rapidly closing exit wound under her clavicle.

"Yes, didn't... you didn't receive something from my Argos Extractors Supervisor, Lin, about my... special circumstances?" Lilu said, reluctant to have to give this away if Sarah didn't know, but then thinking that sooner or later, Sarah would be made aware and then the question would be why was Lilu trying to hide it.

Sarah pondered this, then said, "Yes, I did receive a rather large file with written reports, videos, photos, but to be fair, it was a lot and I was anxious to get going and grab this artifact, I figured it could wait until we got back. What is in there that I should know which is relevant to what we're doing now?"

"Well..." Lilu thought hard about what, in a nutshell, mattered most and would provoke the least questions so they could finish the mission. "Long story short", and with this she realized this was not the time to ask Sarah to suspend disbelief and tell her that she, Lilu, had accidentally entered a portal through time and space to arrive from Old Earth... "I'm a trained sniper, not a miner. I am under the UC's custody as they try to reintegrate me as a productive member of your society while still keeping a watchful eye on me." Lilu waited for a reaction.

Sarah looked at Lilu incredulously, then laughed. "Are you serious? And what do you mean, 'your society'"?

"I'm dead serious, there's more that will put this in context but it's not relevant to this mission. You'll be able to see for yourself when we get back to the Lodge, if you care to look at those reports." Lilu felt irrationally angry now. She didn't like not being laughed at, this woman seemed to do this a lot. And her ordeal was no joke. "But for now, we've got to press on deeper into this station and see if we can find clues about Moara's whereabouts. Do you think you're up to it?"

Sarah got up carefully, the emergency kits seemed to fully restore her and she yanked them off, but she guzzled down some energy hydration as a pick-me-up and said, "Yes, I'm ok, I can go on. But we will talk about this later." She still seemed bemused by the entire conversation and the way she looked at Lilu now was discomfiting.

The two women quietly pushed through some double doors at the back of the mezzanine and found themselves in a hangar where a starship was being constructed. Lilu saw the Ecliptic just a split second after they saw her and Sarah because the gunfire began ricocheting around them almost immediately. There was barely any cover to be had. Lilu knew what she had to do: go in full assault mode and overwhelm the ones up top so she could gain the advantage of elevation over those at the bottom of the hangar.

It was a reckless plan and not without cost. She drilled an Ecliptic right in the faceplate as she simultaneously took a round to the abdomen. Bright red blood and red hot pain exploded around her instantaneously and she fell to her knees. She looked down, afraid of what she might see, but her guts weren't spilling out, it only felt like they were. She had put more emergency kits in an easy access cargo pocket of her pants and she shakily fumbled for one now. Sarah, seeing that she had fallen, moved into the room and covered her with a salvo of bullets, forcing the surviving Ecliptic to run for it.

As Lilu plastered the kit across the ragged flesh wound that, thankfully, had torn into the muscle more to the side of her belly rather than over the abdominal cavity itself, she was grateful she was wearing clothing that kept her midriff bare. No cloth to be driven into the wound by slugs or shrapnel, less chance of infection. She reached around her back, felt blood, and realized the slug had escaped through the other side. Even better, she thought, no surgical extractions, but she grabbed another emergency kit and stuck it best she could on the exit wound, too.

Lilu surveyed the scene. It felt like she'd spent 10 minutes trying to sort herself out, when the reality was it was more like 1 minute. But in a firefight, that's life or death. Sarah, however, had come to her rescue while she was incapacitated, and had kept the Ecliptic at bay. Everyone had taken one for the team today, and it seemed that the members of Constellation were indeed team players.

She picked herself back up, ignoring the screaming pain in her middle, swung her gun back around, and got to work. She and Sarah cleared the remaining Ecliptic from the hangar mezzanine and found vantage points to pick off the ones below where there was nowhere to run. The Ecliptic became more disorganized and panicked as they watched their numbers dwindle. It was almost laughable how easy it was to dispose of them.

Once the downstairs area was clear, the women jumped down and scouted around the hull of the half-constructed ship. They found an audio slate and played it. Paydirt: it was from Vanguard Moara! He had also had a run-in with Ecliptic and Spacers at the staryard and was heading to Neptune next. "Jesus," said Lilu, exasperated. "What is it with this guy, is he taking a tour of the solar system?"

"No, it's called the SOL System," corrected Sarah, "and that's how Vanguard life can be, although he really does seem to be married to this system in particular. But I was told he's a Martian native. Anyway, let's go find him before something else happens to him OR us." Lilu didn't quibble over the nomenclature correction even though it was a stinging reminder because "Martian native" had just overwhelmed her objections with its very novelty. She moved on, her head buzzing with the myriad ways that everything she thought she had known had been tied into a pretzel knot in under one day.

They made their way back through the now silent staryard to the Frontier, detached from the dock, and soon were speeding towards Neptune. Once in its orbit, they could see a starship just hanging listlessly amongst copious space debris. Sarah, who was hanging over her Lilu's shoulder as Lilu sat in the pilot seat, peered into the distance and stiffened when she saw their quarry.

"See that starship out there?" she asked. "That looks like Vanguard Moara's ship."

No sooner had Sarah uttered those words when the ship seemed to come to life. The engines flamed and it started to turn...towards the Frontier! "Uh oh", thought Lilu. "My space battle experience is limited to just one time around Vectera and then video games", she said in her head, panicky. Perhaps it was coming to them for help or trade or... NOPE.

The first pulse laser shots from Vanguard Moara's ship hit the Frontier's shields with a thunderous bang. The little ship shuddered but the shields held. Lilu began to return fire but Sarah said, "If we blow that ship up, our Artifact goes with it, so focus fire on the engines until they stall out and we can stop it from departing. Don't use your missiles. Then we can board it and try to get our Artifact, and maybe even help Vanguard Moara."

"If he's even still alive," Lilu breathed, doubtfully, but she set the firing controls on the Frontier to target the engines on Vanguard Moara's ship, and hammered away with the pulse laser first to pierce Moara's shields, and then the ballistic cannons to start penetrating the hull. The Frontier may have been small, but it had a powerful sting that bit hard at the other ship, and sparks were escaping from the seams of the wounded transport. Moara's ship turned to bolt but by then it was hobbled too badly. Gasses and sparks sputtered out of a damaged engine in a brilliant, foggy display that could have opened for a rock and roll band. The remaining momentum of the thrusters rolled the ship over on a perpendicular axis to the Frontier, and then it came to a rest, the gasses stopped their venting, and it hung motionless about 600 meters to the left and just above the Frontier's bow plane.

"Ok," thought Lilu, "no big deal, I just have to turn the Frontier sideways and dock, right?" Why did it feel so confusing? There was no horizon, after all. Oh, that's why, because there was no horizon, nothing to center herself with, no points of reference like the welcoming arms of the Nova Galactic Staryard to bracket her, how could she be sure she was square to line herself up? She thought about asking Sarah for help, but then thought about how the other woman always seemed so smug, like she was laughing at Lilu. "Nah," she thought, "I'll be FUCKED if I ask Sarah for help." She thought back to her time with the Rangers and the helo pilots, how did they keep the the rotating horizon and sometimes lack thereof from messing with their heads?

Helicopters utilized gyroscopic precession, she rationalized. Gyroscopic precession was a principle of a gyroscope or gyroscopic object: basically, when force is applied to a spinning object, the maximum reaction occurs approximately 90 degrees later in the direction of the rotation. Spaceships in flight were the the ultimate gyroscopes, there wasn't even the chance of collision with the horizon or terrain. It may not be useful for linear or directional flight, but for positioning at unusual angles... she could do this... but for safety's sake, she was going to go slowly.

As the Frontier pitched over and twisted around at a glacial pace, Sarah startled her in what was actually a quiet voice, but at Lilu's heightened degree of tension, she may as well have screamed in her ear: "What are you doing? Can't you dock a little faster?" She sounded exasperated.

Great. Back seat pilot. Lilu growled out, low between gritted teeth, "I don't have a lot of experience piloting, I'm doing the best I can. It's not like they can go anywhere."

"Well, you could have told me, you docked at the staryard ok, but if this was such an issue I could have done it, the Frontier is a Constellation ship," Sarah retorted, dryly.

"Yeah, well," and now Lilu's tone was soft but menacing, in a way that definitely implied that further criticism was no longer welcome, "the staryard was beginner friendly. Maybe if you read those reports you were sent about me, you'd get it." She was so angry, now. She was finding nothing redeeming about these people of the future. Take, use, belittle, ridicule. At least the people back on Old Earth just took and used, but gave her a modicum of respect as they took from her and used her. The little things really did make a difference.

Painstakingly, the Frontier completed its awkward, twisting roll and the docker hatch sensors indicated they were happy with the alignment. Lilu hit the button to extend the docker, and peered at the little screen with the viewfinder. She could see the docker stretching out like a mechanical proboscis, tiny claws at the end extended to hook onto the ship's outer hatch and grab hold, the suction of the airlock forming, the solid clank of a firm connection.

"All right!" Sarah was up on her feet and heading toward the rear of the Frontier where the exit hatch was situated. "Let's go rescue that Vanguard!" And with that, Sarah popped open the hatch and slid down the ladder into the docker tube.

Lilu jumped in after her, popped open the hatch of the other ship, and found herself in a companionway with a few items stacked in crates. The cold was biting. She should have stayed in her spacesuit, holy guacamole. Her nipples could probably cut glass. She could barely make out figures through the frost covered window in the hatch leading to the next hab, it looked like a workshop of some type. A silver helmet glinted in the yellow emergency light hanging over a manufacturing bench. The helmet moved. Game time!

Lilu crouched, made sure her weapon was reloaded, then popped open the door. The Ecliptic were ready for her, but not as ready as she was for them. A one-two double tap and two were down before she needed to take a breath. A third popped up from a hidden corner like a jack o' lantern, and her first shot missed his head but got his boost pack. The result was not pretty as it exploded through his body and sent bits of him cascading around the hab like confetti. "Well, there's something you don't see every day," she thought, repulsed. War is hell.

There was still another hatch between them and the cockpit. It was a good bet there were more Ecliptic behind that, too. At the very least there had to be some in the cockpit itself, or Moara's ship wouldn't have come shooting at them. Nothing else for it but to exorcise those demons.

Crouching again to the side of the upcoming entrance, with Sarah right behind her, Lilu opened the hatch and... nothing. Nah, too good to be true. She looked to the side of where she was crouched and saw a random notebook on the floor in the scattered objects that the Ecliptic had ransacked, and tossed it in the air through the open door, where it clumsily collided with a control console inside. Gunfire immediately rang out. Hair trigger in there. At least the women knew there were adversaries waiting just inside.

Lilu held her hand up to Sarah with 3 fingers and started to count them down slowly, then pointed forward, then pointed left into the opening and moved in that direction. Miraculously, Sarah seemed like she got it and decided to obey, because she moved seamlessly behind Lilu and for that moment in time, they were a well oiled machine. Lilu got the feeling that Sarah was finally ready to take Lilu's lead more seriously.

They kept low to the ground and crept into the doorway but immediately swung to the left, hugging the wall. Lilu wanted to circle around these Ecliptic before launching a blindside attack, if possible. The possibility became a probability because the Ecliptic were so stupid, they actually moved forward toward the door the women had just entered, leaving their shiny, silver, spacesuit-clad backs exposed for the circling predators to easily subdue them from behind with a few quick shots.

Yet another door, this one looked similar to the hatch to the Frontier's cockpit; hopefully this was the end of the road. Before Lilu could stop her or warn her, Sarah grabbed the hatch, twisted the handle, and wrenched it open. Lilu flinched and drew away, afraid that a barrage of gunfire would end them both, but nothing happened. Instead, she saw a man tied up, sitting on the floor in front of the pilot's chair. Mounted on a bracket in the far corner of the cockpit was the Artifact.

"Am I glad to see you two," said the man, trying to rise to his feet. "You Marines?"

"Constellation, actually," said Sarah, with obvious pride, as she helped untie the man's hands. His spacesuit said Otero.

"Really? The explorers group?" said Vanguard Moara Otero. "I've heard of you but I didn't know you packed such a punch."

Lilu doubted they normally did, but she didn't say that out loud. Instead, she said, "We heard of you, too, or more like you were carrying a strange item that couldn't be identified."

Vanguard Moara looked at her. "Do you know what that thing is? I tried to sell it in Cydonia but the guy accused me of selling phony titanium."

"No, it wouldn't play well with scanners. It would be better off in our hands," Sarah confirmed.

Moara laughed, "Hey, I'll trade some dumb space rock for a rescue any day of the week."

Sarah nudged Lilu and said, "Grab the artifact and let's get out of here before we freeze to death."

That was an order Lilu didn't need to hear twice. She moved to the front of the cockpit, pulled the Artifact out of the bracket, and tucked it under her arm. "Let's go," she said to Sarah.

"You'll be ok?" Sarah queried to Vanguard Moara, and he nodded and sat back down to rest. Lilu hoped that maybe she'd cross paths with this Moara Otero again, but now was not the time to talk about Old Earth-related heritage without Sarah in the know.

With that, they boarded the Frontier, undocked, and soon were speeding away again. Sarah was excited, their mission had been a long chase, required violent firefights, a ship battle, a shootout in close quarters, a rescue, and resulted in a happy ending for all involved. Above all, they had successfully retrieved the Artifact that had been their goal. Her new "recruit" had done well. She now was chatty and bright, their near misses forgotten, and she launched into a diatribe of other Artifacts they were looking for which could potentially be pursued next. One Constellation member was looking into buying one from a collector, another two were pursuing leads that might be for the same piece, and yet another came from a family legend, one of the first families to pioneer a technology leading to settlement of new frontiers in the Settled Systems.

"There's this expedition Sam Coe is putting together in Freestar Collective space, and he knows those systems inside and out," she told Lilu.

That name. Lilu's mind lurched to a stop and she didn't hear anything else even though Sarah was still prattling on. What was it about that name... Sam... Coe? Sam... Sam? It was on the periphery of her memory, a shadow play drifting away like so much smoke. Just like the other dreams. Had she heard or seen it somewhere else?

Lilu's eyes were unfocused, her mind was adrift, and she thought hard before speaking again...

"Who's Sam Coe?"

------------------------------------------

Chapter 4 Song:

"And I choose to survive Whatever it takes You won't pull ahead 'Cause I'll keep up the pace And I'll reveal my strength To the whole human race"

[materialsscienceandengineering]

English Units

English units were the units of measure used in England until the 1820s. From these units were derived the imperial unit system, still in use in the United Kingdom and Canada, although both these countries officially recognize the metric system as their unit of measure today. US customary units were also derived from English units and is still the official unit system in the United States, though many industries in the country, including the automobile industry, tend to use the metric system.

Both the imperial unit system and US customary units use inches, feet, yards, and miles as units of length, although the definition of these units was different until standardization in 1960. Liquid volumes use units of gallons, pints, and ounces, again differing between the two systems. Pounds are used for weight, pound force for forces, horsepower for power, and British thermal units (BTUs) for energy, among countless other units.

Sources/Further Reading: (Images - Wikipedia) (2015 Kitchen management book) (ANSI - US Units) (Cuemath - Imperial system)

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