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atundratoadstool · 2 years

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Dracula’s Lineage Speech

If anyone for any reason would appreciate a blow by blow breakdown of everything that is going on in the Count’s lineage speech, matching all of Dracula’s dialogue to Stoker’s research sources and describing the historical events being alluded to, I made one of those many many years ago and I’ve copy/pasted it under the cut:

Pre-History: Various sub-groups of the Finno-Ugric language group split from one another. These proto-Magyars, Dracula claims, are the blood that begot the legends of berserkir and werewolves. (In reality, the berserker myth is characteristic of North Germanic peoples which Stoker seems to have confused with Northern Finno-Ugric groups like the Finns.)

Dracula: "Here, in the whirlpool of European races, the Ugric tribe bore down from Iceland the fighting spirit which Thor and Wodin gave them, which their Berserkers displayed to such fell intent, which their Berserkers displayed to such fell intent on the seaboards of Europe, aye, and of Asia and Africa too, till the peoples thought that the werewolves themselves had come."

Stoker's Source(s): "...Max Müller, by the unerring guide of language, has traced the original seat of this interesting people [the Magyars] to the Ural mountains which stretch upwards to the Arctic ocean; and pointing out the close affinity the Magyar tongue bears to the idiom of the Finnish race spoken east of the Volga, declares that the Magyars form the fourth branch of the Finnish stock, viz. the Ugric; and in his 'Science of Language' he gives striking examples of the similarity and connection which exist in the grammatical structure of the Magyar and the Ugro-Finnish dialects, particularly in the conjugation of verbs, which have aptly been called the "bones and sinews" of a language; and there is little doubt that the Magyars are none other than the same race that, under a different name, were called in the fourth century "Ugrogs." (Nina Mazuchelli's Maygarland, Chapter IV, pg. 45)

335 B.C.E.: The Getæ tribe of the Carpathian basin is defeated by Alexander the Great, which E. C. Johnson claims marks the point at which they began to be called the Dacians.

Stoker's Source(s): The first record which we have of these provinces refers to a people called the Getæ, whose name was changed to Dacians, after their defeat by Alexander the Great, in the fourth century B.C (E. C. Johnson's On the Track of the Crescent, Chapter VIII, pg. 105)

101-105 C.E.: The Dacians are conquered by Emperor Trajan and fall under Roman rule. Eventually, Rome withdraws from Dacia in 274 C. E., leaving the area open to incursions by the Visigoths.

Stoker's Source(s): It is sufficiently ascertained that these two provinces, joined to those of Transylvania and Temesvar, composed the kingdom of Dacia, finally conquered by the Romans. (William Willinkson's An Account of the Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, Chapter I, pg. 45)

376 C.E.: Dacia is invaded by the Huns.

Dracula: "Here, too, when they came, they found the Huns, whose warlike fury had swept the earth like a living flame, till the dying peoples held that in their veins ran the blood of those old witches, who, expelled from Scythia had mated with the devils in the desert."

Stoker's Source(s): “Geographically situated to be the 'war ground' of Europe, these unfortunate Danubian provinces were open to inroads from all sides, and the barbarians made them happy hunting-grounds for human game; the wretched Roman colonists, who had elected to remain behind with their Dacian co-inhabitants, having a rough time of it. In 376 A.D. the Huns paid Dacia a 'morning call,' and subdued it, driving out the Goths. These fierce Scythians are not flatteringly described by Gibbon, to whose delightful pages I must refer my readers for details of their personal appearance, &c.” (E. C. Johnson's On the Track of the Crescent, Chapter VIII, pg. 106)

453 - 454 C.E.: Attila, from whom the Székely ethnic group (and Dracula) claim descent, dies in his tent. Afterwards, the subjects of the Huns unite under the Gepid ruler Ardaric, and break Hunnish control over the region a year later following the Battle at the River Nedao.

Dracula: "Fools, fools! What devil or what witch was ever so great as Attila, whose blood is in these veins?"

Stoker's Source(s): "They won, under their famous King Attila, a constant succession of victories against the Romans, till Attila's death in A.D. 453, and were then driven out of Dacia by the Gepidæ, a tribe of Goths..” (E. C. Johnson's On the Track of the Crescent, Chapter VIII, pg. 106) “The Székelys – who claim to be descended from Attila and the Huns – were found settled on the eastern frontier when the country was conquered by the Magyars, and the two races at once fraternised.” (E. C. Johnson's On the Track of the Crescent, Chapter I, pg. 20)

567 - 670 C.E.: King Albion of the Lombards and Bayan I of the Avars unite to overtake Gepida. They do so in 567, killing the last Gepid king, Cunimund. Over a century later the Avars will fall under the control of the First Bulgarian Empire.

Dracula: "Is it a wonder that we were a conquering race, that we were proud, that when the Magyar, the Lombard, the Avar, the Bulgar, or the Turk poured his thousands on our frontiers, we drove them back?"

Stoker's Source(s): "The country was afterwards successively held by the Lombards, Avars, and Bulgars. The last named were, according to Gibbon, a nomad people from Russia and Poland, who sacrificed human beings, and indulged in polygamy. They overran Dacia, Thrace, Epirus, and Thessaly, and advanced as far as the Peloponnesus, till defeated by Belisarius (538-540 A.d.) and driven back to Dacia, where they finally obtained ascendancy over the Avars, 678-680.” (E. C. Johnson's On the Track of the Crescent, Chapter I, pg. 106)

892-895 C.E.: The Magyar prince, Árpád, conquers the region of the Carpathian basin and the Magyar people (descended from the Ugric group of early history) begin to settle there. This event will become known as the Honfoglalás. It is at this point that Dracula claims the Székelys (already in the Carpathians) are recognized as kindred to the Magyars.

Dracula: "Is it strange that when Árpád and his legions swept through the Hungarian fatherland he found us here when he reached the frontier, that the Honfoglalás was completed there? And when the Hungarian flood swept eastward, the Székelys were claimed as kindred by the victorious Magyars, and to us for centuries was trusted the guarding of the frontier of Turkeyland. Aye, and more than that, endless duty of the frontier guard, for as the Turks say, 'water sleeps, and the enemy is sleepless.' Who more gladly than we throughout the Four Nations received the 'bloody sword,'or at its warlike call flocked quicker to the standard of the King?"

Stoker's Source(s): "...he drew himself up proudly until he almost stood on tip-toe, and with a look expressive of triumph replied, "En Magyar vagyok" ("I am a Magyar"), and went on to inform us that he was the grandson of an unfortunate noble whose lands had been forfeited, but whose descent could be traced to the honfoglalas, as the conquest of the Hungarian fatherland by Arpád in the ninth century is called, – an event regarded by the Magyars in the same light as we ourselves view the Norman Conquest." (Nina Mazuchelli's Maygarland, Chapter V, pg. 203)

“The Székelys have played a very important part in the history of Hungary and Transylvania. They were recognised as kindred by the Magyars on their first entering Hungary, and the two races have remained allies ever since. The Székelys also received certain privileges in return for their having guarded the frontier towards Moldavia and 'Turkey-land.'" (E. C. Johnson's On the Track of the Crescent, Chapter XIX, pgs. 234) “Water sleeps and the enemy is sleepless” (William Willinkson's An Account of the Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, Appendix 5, Section II, pg. ) “Formerly, only nobles could hold land in Hungary. They paid no taxes, but were obliged to assemble their retainers, and flock to the king's standard, on receipt of the 'bloody sword,' as a signal of national emergency.” (E. C. Johnson's On the Track of the Crescent, Chapter XVIII, pg. 228)

1444 C.E.: Władysław III, King of Hungary, is in the midst of the Varna Campaign, which aims to expel the Ottomans from Europe. Janos Hunyadi (Hungarian military leader and Voïvode of Transylvania) demands that Vlad II Dracul of Wallachia join the effort against the Turks as Władysław's vassal. Vlad II declines, and his son, Mircea II, joins the campaign instead. Later that year, Wladyslaw III dies at the battle of Varna.

Stoker's Source(s): "The Hungarians being defeated at the celebrated battle of Varna, Hunniades their general, and regent of the kingdom during Ladislas's minority, returned in haste to make new preparations for carrying on the war. But the Voïvode, fearful of the Sultan's vengeance, arrested and kept him prisoner during a year, pretending thereby to show to the Turks that he treated him as an enemy. The moment Hunniades reached Hungary, he assembled an army and placed himself at the head of it, returned to Wallachia, attacked and defeated the Voïvode, and caused him to be beheaded in his presence; after which he raised to the Voïvodate one of the primates of the country, of the name of Dan. ." (William Wilkinson's An Account of the Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, Chapter I, pg. 18-19) [No notes taken by Stoker on this section]

1444-1447 C.E.: Vlad II Dracul captures and temporarily imprisons Hunyadi as he returns from his defeat at Varna. Later, Hunyadi (now regent of Hungary) conspires with local boyars to assassinate Vlad II and Mircea (who is allegedly blinded with hot pokers and buried alive).

1448-1460 C.E.: Hunyadi is defeated by the Ottomans under Murad II at the Battle of Kosovo. He continues his campaigns against the Ottomans until his death in 1456.

Dracula: "When was redeemed that great shame of my nation, the shame of Cassova, when the flags of the Wallach and the Magyar went down beneath the Crescent?"

Stoker's Source(s): “The Wallachians under this Voïvode joined again the Hungarians in 1448, and made war on Turkey; but being totally defeated at the battle of Cossova, in Bulgaria, and finding it no longer possible to make any stand against the Turks, they submitted again to the annual tribute, which they paid until the year 1460, when the Sultan Mahomet II., being occupied in completing the conquest of the islands in the Archipelago, afforded them a new opportunity of shaking off the yoke.” (William Wilkinson's An Account of the Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, Chapter I, pg. 18-19)

1460-1461 C.E.: Vlad III (son of Vlad II) wages a bloody campaign against the Ottomans in alliance with Hungarian monarch Matthias Corvinus (son of John Hunyadi).

Dracula: "Who was it but one of my own race who as Voïvode crossed the Danube and beat the Turk on his own ground? This was a Dracula indeed!"

Stoker's Source(s): "Their Voïvode, also named Dracula, did not remain satisfied with mere prudent measures of defence: with an army he crossed the Danube and attacked the few Turkish troops that were stationed in his neighbourhood; but this attempt, like those of his predecessors, was only attended with momentary success.” (William Wilkinson's An Account of the Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, Chapter I, pg. 18-19)

1462 C.E.: Radu the Handsome (Vlad III's brother who allied with the Ottomans and became a Muslim convert) lays siege to Poenari Castle and is appointed the "Bey of Wallachia" by Mehmed II. Vlad III, in the meantime, appeals to Corvinus and is arrested and imprisoned.

Dracula: "Woe was it that his own unworthy brother, when he had fallen, sold his people to the Turk and brought the shame of slavery on them!"

Stoker's Source(s): "Mahomet having turned his arms against him, drove him [Vlad III] back to Wallachia, whither he pursued and defeated him. The Voïvode escaped into Hungary, and the Sultan caused his brother Bladus [Radu] to be named in his place. He made a treaty with Bladus, by which he bound the Wallachians to perpetual tribute; and laid the foundations of that slavery, from which no efforts have yet had the power of extricating them with any lasting efficacy." (William Wilkinson's An Account of the Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, Chapter I, pg. 18-19)

1526 C.E.: Suleiman the Magnificent defeats Hungarian forces at the Battle of Mohacs, which results in the partition of Hungary, with Transylvania becoming a technically independent principality paying tribute to the Ottoman Empire.

Dracula: Again, when, after the battle of Mohács, we threw off the Hungarian yoke, we of the Dracula blood were amongst their leaders, for our spirit would not brook that we were not free."

Stoker's Source(s): “After the battle of Mohacs, which extinguished Hungarian independence, Transylvania fell into the hands of 'the unspeakable,' who made it an independent principality under the protection of the Porte; the country being governed by princes who were elected by the people, subject to the approval of the Sultan.” (E.C. Johnson's On the Track of the Crescent, Chapter XVI, pg. 206)

???? C.E.: An unknown "Dracula" of a later age (than Vlad II and III) crosses the Danube and fights against the Turks.

Dracula: "Was it not this Dracula, indeed, who inspired that other of his race who in a later age again and again brought his forces over the great river into Turkeyland, who, when he was beaten back, came again, and again, though he had to come alone from the bloody field where his troops were being slaughtered, since he knew that he alone could ultimately triumph!"

Stoker's Source(s): Unknown. The description of a "Dracula" who crossed the Danube could apply to a number of historical figures. Stoker took some notes on Voïvode Michael the Brave (who was a member of the Drăculești blood line and campaigned against the Turks) from Wilkinson (pg. 26), but his notes focus not on his military actions, but rather on the popular opposition to his appointment as Voïvode of Transylvania.

Stoker also took notes on Voïvode Constantin Brâncoveanu, regarding his refusal to take an active part in a campaign led by Ahmed III. (pg. 32)

#Bram Stoker #Dracula #Dracula Daily #The Count #Vlad III #Transylvania #Hungary #Romania #liveblogging dracula 2022

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the-bejeesus · 4 years

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To Those Who Say “I’m not gonna catch up on One Piece until it’s finished. Why would I watch/read 1000+ episodes/chapters when I don’t even get to know how the story ends?”

Now for the past few years, when I came across somebody who said this, my rebute would be something like “Well the series is great already. It doesn’t really matter if I don’t know how it ends, because the journey itself is enjoyable.” or “Man if that’s your excuse, who you gonna explain why you read/watch stuff like Berserk, Hunter X Hunter, JoJo’s Bizarre Adventure, and My Hero Academia? Newsflash, they aren’t done yet.” But it came across my mind that I can now apply a completely different approach:

“If you start watching/reading at this pace right now, it will be over by the time you catch up.”

If you’re a fan of the series, you’ll know that for awhile now Oda has been saying that he plans to end the series in just 5-4 years. Now he’s made lots of claims in the past that turned out to be ridiculous. However, many One Piece researchers have compiled his claims and found out that they only get more accurate as time goes on, with the most ridiculous claims being found to be myths. And with the most recent claims of ending the series in less than 5 years, even his editors who are usually skeptical have started to trust that he can do this. After all, he has officially set there to be only one more saga (which isn’t necessarily one arc, but it’s either going to be 1-2 major arcs or an anthology of 5-6 shorter arcs). And now that we can trust this claim, we can essentially extrapolate how many chapters/episodes are left and what pace we have to binge to catch up at just the right time.

If you plan to read the manga (black and white):

The manga in black in white is a perfectly fine way to enjoy One Piece. It’s what Oda draws, it’s how he intends it to be viewed, and best of all, it will be the first version of publication to finish.

Out of the 1223 weeks since the first chapter published in July 19, 1997, 1000 chapters have published, meaning on average he publishes 42 chapters per year, or in other words, there are only 10 hiatuses per year (including holidays where WSJ does not publish). Now if I wanted to be more accurate, I’d only look at the chapters published this year, to exclude outliers like how he had no hiatuses for the first 200 chapters, or how he had a 4-week hiatus during the timeskip, but 2020 has been a bit crazy, so we’re not doing that for this or any of the others.

Going off of this, the final chapter would be chapter 1212 in December 28, 2025 (yes, the 28th would be a Sunday again.) So here’s how you’d calculate the pace in which you need to read One Piece, and really this is how we’ll calculate it for every version)

Now I know math is boring, but the reason I’m showing this to you is because the amount of weeks until One Piece ends will vary based on when you start this binge. Chances are you aren’t going to start the day you see this post, and there’s an even greater chance you won’t see this post the day it’s posted. For every example I’m going to assume you started binging on December 28, 2020. Now let’s try to use it for this example.

And there’s your answer, just read 4-5 chapters per week. By the end, One Piece should be nearly over or have very recently ended. To put that into a different perspective, you could purchase and read just two volumes per month and you’ll be at prime pace. Or you could read one chapter every day, but only on weekdays. If you want to, you can see this calculation in action in graph form.

While this is a very rudimentary graph, it’s a basic visualization of what we’re calculating here. We’re calculating what speed we need to binge to catch up at exactly the right moment. I say exact, but ultimately no one can predict how many chapters there will be exactly, nor how many hiatuses Oda will go on during it. It will be important, as you’re nearing the end, to find a spoiler-free way to keep up on how close One Piece is to ending. To know whether you ought to speed up or slow down.

If you plan to watch the anime (subtitled):

For years now people have hated on the anime “terrible animation!” “terrible pacing” but at the end of the day, it’s the more popular version. Or the more viewed version I should say. And personally, I think that once you acknowledge its problems and learn how to deal with them, it’s a perfectly fine experience. There’s enough good voice acting and enough good storytelling that you’re easily able to ignore the problems. Plus, the animation has substantially improved since Wano.

Now for this we’re going to have to change a lot of variables to get this right. We’re going to have to adjust when publication started, and recalculate when One Piece will end by looking at how slowly the anime adapts the manga, and how behind it is. The anime aired on October 20, 1999, and has aired 956 episodes since then. This means on average they air 44.9 episodes per year, meaning there is pretty much only 7 breaks the entire year. With these 956 episodes, they have adapted 955 chapters, making the pace almost exactly one chapter per episode. However this is really inaccurate, considering all the better-paced arcs earlier on in the story. Looking solely at episodes 2012 and onwards, the anime adapts at a pace of 0.65 chapters/episode.

Knowing that there are roughly 212 chapters left, and Toei adapts at 0.65 chapters per episode, we can assume that there are going to be roughly 324 episodes left. That sounds like too many, but keep in mind that there will be several, several instances where the manga will be on hiatus whereas the anime will keep on airing. Knowing there are approximately 324 episodes left, and that the anime only takes about 7 breaks a year, we can assume that it will take 7 years, or 374.49 weeks before the anime will end. So now we have the information we need to do the math again.

x = 1280/374.49

x = 3.417 episodes/week.

It may seem like a more relaxed binge, since you get a whole 2 extra years to binge, and you only have to do 3-4 episodes per week, compared to the 4-5 chapters. But keep in mind that these episodes are 24 minutes each. Still not at all bad, but you will be spending more time on it overall.

If you plan to watch One Pace:

One Pace is a fan project that edits the anime so that filler and padding is cut, other edits will be made to make the anime more manga-accurate, such as reorganizing scenes, or adding title cards where absent. Originally only used by a niche number of One Piece fans, One Pace has grown in popularity, and has tried to improve its quality to accommodate more fans, such as making their episodes Dual Audio (meaning you can switch between the dub and original Japanese audio tracks), and including Spanish subtitles.

You’d think we’d have to adjust for when One Pace began, how slowly One Pace catches up, and the works, but there’s not much to calculate. Fortunately for us, no matter how far behind One Pace is on editing the current arc, they always like to wrap things up just a few weeks within when an arc ended, if not the very same week. So really all we have to calculate is how many One Pace episodes there will be by the end of all this, so that we know how many you’ll need to watch per week.

Looking solely at what they’ve covered so far, One Pace has taken 573 episodes and condensed it down to 259 episodes. That’s a pace of 2.21 anime episodes/ paced episode. Earlier we calculated that there would be 324 episodes of the anime left, making for 1280 episodes total. This would mean that there would be around 578 One Pace episodes by the end. And One Pace would probably wrap up in, let’s say 376 weeks, because as I said, they’ll probably finish editing the final arc a week or two after the last episode airs.

x = 578/376

x = 1.53 episodes per week

Now that’s a relaxed pace. 1-2 episodes per week? That’s so slow, I’m not even sure if I’ll remember what I watched last week next time I watch some episodes. The only problem is some of the pre-timeskip still haven’t been edited. They’ll probably be done by the time they finish the final arc, but that’s not gonna work out fast enough. You’ll hit your first roadblock about 7 weeks in when you need to watch the Baratie arc and it’s not done. And don’t even get me started on how many arcs aren’t done in dub or Spanish sub yet. Hopefully you could just switch to the anime or manga when you hit these arcs, readjusting how many episodes/chapters you need to watch/read when you do. But that’s a bit of an excessive amount of math for something that’s supposed to be fun. So yeah, if you’re still convinced you shouldn’t get into One Piece until it’s ended, maybe this is the option for you.

If you plan to read the manga (Colored):

Since 2012, Shueisha has made a colorization of One Piece. It’s not a fan coloring, it’s as official as it gets. Many consider the color schemes portrayed in this version as the most canon, as the majority are pulled straight from whatever colored illustrations of Oda’s they can find. And quite frankly it makes the manga at least 10 times more beautiful. It’s especially great if you have trouble interpreting dense, small black and white panels.

This one is a doozy. You’d think all I gotta do is calculate how far behind the colored manga usually and just adjust from there, right? Wrong. Because how far behind the colored manga is, or how frequently they release volumes in full color, is one of the most inconsistent things I have ever seen. You wanna see what I’m talking about? This is how they’ve chosen to release each volume since 2012:

Volume 1-12: July 15, 2012

Volume 13-23: September 28, 2012

Volume 24-63: December 4, 2012

Volume 64-65: April 4, 2013

Volume 66-68: December 20, 2013

Volume 69-70: August 25, 2014

Volume 71-72: September 16, 2015

Volume 73-75: October 4, 2016

Volume 76: December 2, 2016

Volume 77: March 3, 2017

Volume 78: July 2, 2017

Volume 79: September 4, 2017

Volume 80: December 4, 2017

Volume 81-82: March 3, 2018

Volume 83: October 4, 2018

Volume 84-86: August 2, 2019

Volume 87-92: September 16, 2020

How I am supposed to find out how long it will take for Shueisha to colorize the final volume of One Piece is beyond me. I guess the first step would be to look at how far behind the manga each release was on average, but I’m going to ignore all the ones before 2013, because those were clearly just Shueisha catching up really fast cause they just started and didn’t want to be dozens of volumes behind forever. So of the 14 publications between 2013 and now, on average the last chapter of the last volume they colored was 97.78 weeks after that chapter had published in Weekly Shonen Jump. This means that if the final chapter of One Piece is chapter 1212 on December 28, 2025, then you can expect the final colored volume to publish November 14, 2027.

x = 1212/359

x = 3.37 chapters/week

So if you prefer the manga but don’t want to read 5 chapters every week for 5 years, this might be a better option for ya. But yea, I have no doubt my prediction is at least a little off for this one.

If you plan to watch the anime (dubbed):

Unlike the 4KidsTV and Odex dubs of One Piece, the FUNimation dub is a perfect way to enjoy One Piece. The DVDs come with enjoyable commentary and a marathon mode, great for binging.

FUNimation’s releases of the dub are inconsistent, although not nearly as erratic as the colored manga release. However, there was recently a 2-year hiatus we only just got out of. Since Episode 1′s dub in May 27, 2008, the dub has gotten as far as Episode 614. But that’s only looking at the DVD releases. If you’re willing to stream on FUNimationnow, the dub is as far as 641, and if you’re willing to digitally purchase it from an e-shop such as the Microsoft store, it goes all the way to Episode 654. With that being said, that would mean that on average, FUNimation dubs 1.004 episodes per week. Although if we go back to before the two-year hiatus so as to exclude it from the average, it’s actually 1.10 episodes per week. Not a huge difference, actually. And then if we look solely after the two-year hiatus, it’s actually 2.25 episodes per week, which is insanely faster. It’s hard to tell what the future of the dub will be. I can’t assume they’ll go this fast forever, so I’m just going to take the average of all 3 and say it’s 1.45 episodes per week. Don’t know if that’s the best mathematical approach, but the number seems about right.

So knowing that the dub is at Episode 654 and looking at our previous guesstimation that the anime will be 1280 episodes long, we can predict that it will take 431 weeks before the dub catches up and ends. That would be in 2029! Sounds quick at first until you notice it’s 4 years behind!

x = 1280/431

x = 2.96 episodes per week

Looks like it’s almost exactly 3 episodes per week. Not as much less of a workload as I expected, compared to catching up to the sub. You know, I figured those 4 extra years would make you binge a lot slower.

Final Thoughts:

There’s a lot of my math that was estimation, approximations, extrapolations. Feel free to correct me or fact check me, especially if you plan on using this. I figured this would be a fun thought excercise. There’s also a lot of smaller variables I simply didn’t want to take into account because of how long this is already. For example, reading the black and white manga. The calculation can vary slightly depending on if you read it the day it’s published (which I assume would have to be a fanscan unless you can read Japanese), reading the weekly publication legally on Viz.com, waiting for the physical volume release. The dub can also vary depending on whether you buy from Microsoft, wait for the FUNimationnow release, wait for the DVDs, or wait for the Collection sets. So feel free to take this into account.

#One Piece #OP #ワンピース #Wan Pīsu #anime #manga #FUNimation #dub #One Pace

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