#and about 80% sugar by volume

[tetedurfarm]

finally able to make this gâteau sirop recipe given to me by my mom's old french neighbour, stay tuned to see if it turns out

[ranpoedgw]

the sugar-coating of ranpoe

as we're all familiar with, ranpoe is a pretty popular ship in the bsd fandom and is often said to be a very healthy/fluffy ship. however, fanon ranpoe is honestly an incredibly sugar-coated version of how they really are in canon. ranpoe is not the fluffy innocent ship people think they are, and are in fact almost as bad as many other ships in bsd. let me explain.

first, i want to talk about the babyfication of ranpoe *in canon*. yes i know authors can't mischaracterise their own characters, but that doesn't mean they can't choose to portray them through a warped view. in ranpoe's case, it's also the authors themselves who choose to portray ranpoe as a comic relief duo. like, the way poe commits (attempted) murder is so unserious? and ranpo (as usual) just... doesn't seem to care that poe tried to kill him? and encourages him to try again?

compared to skk for example, who when they try to kill each other it's actually portrayed with some kind of intense hatred and/or murderous intent.

of course i'll never know what the authors were thinking, but they probably chose to portray ranpoe as such with the intention of ranpoe being a fluffy crack ship. which is fine, because they're the authors obviously and they can do what they want, and this also gives ranpoe their own unique dynamic. however, the issue with this is that it causes people to be completely blinded towards what's actually happening between ranpoe, and only see them through the rose-tinted glasses which the authors have handed to us. hence, i'm going to objectively recount everything that happened with ranpoe.

around six years ago, ranpo beat poe in a battle of wits.

poe went into this reclusive state where he refused to interact with other people, and is implied to have been suicidal/depressed.

eventually, poe decides to plot his revenge by writing a novel in order to kill ranpo and obtain the praise and glory that ranpo has.

six years pass.

poe meets ranpo again, and tries to kill him. he fails.

they end up establishing a mutual relationship where poe writes novels, and ranpo gives him feedback. poe no longer seems to want revenge.

fast forward to chapter 80, by this time ranpo has asked poe for help regarding a lot of things, all agency-related.

one, ranpo said he wanted a showdown to trick poe into writing a novel for him, which he then used against chuuya.

he asked poe to write a novel in about ~30 mins to corner mushitaro.

in the volume 20 omake, ranpo also asked poe to write a novel to house 3 people by the next day.

ranpo asked poe to help him rescue the agency members in chapter 80. poe helped to snipe the lock on kunikida's cell, and prepare a vehicle to save yosano.

in the recent chapters, it was also mentioned that ranpo had poe write a novel to trap fukuchi.

based on this brief (??) summary, you can probably see a bunch of things which are not very right. first of all, poe experienced severe withdrawal after losing his match with ranpo, and for six years his only goal was to defeat him. secondly, poe is doing a LOT of things for ranpo, which aren't really reciprocated. there might also be other things, but i will just focus on these two.

1. poe is heavily reliant on ranpo.

as you can see, poe is a pretty fragile person. he lost one match to ranpo and basically gave up on life. he became overly reliant on ranpo's existence to affirm his own, and even now he dreads the possibility of ranpo dying and leaving him without a rival. and while poe who has almost no friends is entirely dependent on ranpo, ranpo always has the agency to support him, so he isn't all that emotionally dependent on poe. he still needs poe for his novels and such, but it's not often that he shows/says that poe is really important to him as a person. however, ranpo does clearly appreciate poe's intellect and abilities and praised him before. ranpo never praises people, so this is a pretty big occurrence.

in this sense, poe really needs ranpo but ranpo doesn't realllly need poe (or at least he doesn't show it).

2. poe does a lot for ranpo but not the other way round. i think this kind of speaks for itself tbh. poe helps ranpo with a whole lot of things, and ranpo doesn't give him much in return. obviously there is something wrong with this, but because poe is so eager to impress/help ranpo, he seems to have no issues with this.

as you may (unfortunately) know, because of the above reasons some people say that ranpoe's relationship is "toxic" or "abusive", but i believe this is inaccurate. based on a few dictionaries, the word "toxic" carries the meaning of unpleasant, extremely harsh, malicious or harmful. however, ranpo asking poe for help with a lot of things isn't done with the intention to harm or assert control over poe. he just really needs poe's help and poe is willing as well as capable. also, he probably isn't aware that he's overworking poe because he's not sensitive to other people's emotional needs or wants. and poe doesn't do all this because ranpo is threatening him, he's just very (overly) eager to do it.

despite everything, ranpoe isn't completely horrible. they're not the best, but they certainly aren't the worst. none of them seem to visibly hold grudges or have issues with the other, and are generally happy with their current arrangement. they share each other's interests and provide the other with the intellectual stimulus that they need.

also, the authors' "sugar-coating" of their relationship isn't completely off. due to the nature of their personalities, it still makes sense that they can get along. after all, ranpo was once held at gunpoint when he was 14 and didn't give a flip so i doubt he'd really care about poe attempting to murder him. and on poe's side, i think he's always been fragile and a little pathetic so this is pretty normal for him.

and even though their relationship is kinda unbalanced, they do hold each other in equally high regard (including ranpo, although he doesn't show it. he doesn't really show anything) this is also why i think ranpoe isn't an idol-fan relationship. parasocial relationships are one-sided relationships, where one person extends emotional energy, interest and time, and the other party, the persona, is completely unaware of the other’s existence. poe definitely extends a lot of energy in helping ranpo, i don't deny. but the baseline for a parasocial relationship is that one person is almost unaware of the other. before guild arc this was true, but right now ranpo is very much aware of poe's existence, and admires poe just as much as poe does him. hence, i don't think ranpoe is a parasocial relationship.

overall, ranpoe is still heavily sugar-coated by the fandom and authors who don't really acknowledge the issues within their relationship. however the rose-tinted glasses don't completely warp everything, and their dynamic, both canon and fanon, isn't totally off from how it should be, based on my knowledge of their personalities. they're just a silly little couple doing their silly gay things. everything is fine (half lying)

thanks for reading 🔥🔥

[maklodes]

I saw some threads in which people were condemning use of agave syrup, on the grounds that agave cultivation has deleterious ecological consequences.

I haven't actually checked whether agave cultivation is more destructive than growing potatoes or carrots or anything else on a per calorie basis, and I don't know whether environmental damage per calorie is the best metric, but my curiosity took me in a different direction: how much agave goes to agave syrup, how much goes to tequila, and how much goes to mezcal?

I'd think agave farming associations would have this data -- that they'd be pouring over the data, trying to see if they could market agave-syrup baklavas, wondering whether they could somehow sell people on a double-tequila margarita for Taco Tuesday specials, etc. Maybe they do, but I can't find it.

For the amount of agave syrup, I found this site, ominously called Mordor Intelligence, claiming that the agave syrup market in 2024 was $187.24 million. How much agave is that, though? One Amazon source of bulk agave is $147.58 for 44 lbs. (There are other sources, but they don't differ radically.) This suggests that about 25,322 tonnes of agave syrup were sold in 2024. A USDA source claims that agave syrup is about 68% sugar by weight, the amount of sugar being sold in agave syrup is around 17,219 tonnes. (I have way more significant figures than is justified here, but I'm leaving them in mid-process.)

Mordor Intelligence claims the 2024 tequila market 457.96 million liters. Tequilas are, I've heard, often 80 proof, or 40% alcohol by volume. So a liter of tequila should, in principle, have 400 ml of alcohol, weighing 0.79 g/ml * 400 ml = 316 grams of alcohol. It's generally accepted that fermentation yields about 55% of the starting sugar mass as ethanol. I.e., 1 kg of sugar will give you about 550 grams of ethanol. So each liter of tequila started from 575 grams of agave-sourced sugar.

This suggests that the amount of agave-derived sugar going into tequila is about 263,119 tonnes. Except one thing: a lot of tequila is not pure fermented agave. Up to 49% of tequila can be some other neutral grain spirit. This could potentially cut sugar going into tequila to 134,191 tonnes.

So, back-of-the-envelop, it looks to me like 7-8 times as much agave goes to tequila as to agave syrup, although some tequilas are higher than 80 proof, and contain more than 51% agave sugar, so this is probably something of an underestimate. I also feel there's a lot of uncertainty in the agave syrup quantity estimate -- is the agave syrup market the market for selling agave from farm to processors, or is it final purchases by consumers? I think most consumer agave syrup is bought in smaller batches, at higher per-volume prices, than the four gallon Amazon agave jug, so perhaps total agave sugar in syrup is an overestimate.

What about Mezcal? I tried to figure that out, but I got exhausted, so I'm not sure. The North American market page puts market volume at 19.73 million liters. The global market page puts Mexican exports in 2020 at 4.8 million liters. So is ~15 million liters consumed within Mexico? I don't know if I trust this data. I don't know if I trust a lot of the previous data either. I think it's a significantly smaller market than tequila. if anyone has good data on Mezcal -- or better data than what I have on agave syrup and tequila -- I'd certainly welcome it.

(I'm not going to disingenuously pretend not to understand why some people on Tumblr get super mad about agave syrup rather than condemning Friday night margaritas, but that seems to me like a fairly obvious and uninteresting phenomenon, at least in my current state, so I focused on trying to reverse engineer the allocation of agave from scattered data on final agave products.)

[birdsaretoddlers]

PRETZEL BUNS

Ingredients

4 ½ teaspoons active dry yeast

1 teaspoon white sugar

½ cup warm water

2 cups warm milk

6 tablespoons vegetable shortening

2 eggs

6 cups all-purpose flour, divided

1 tablespoon vegetable oil

¼ cup white sugar

1 ½ teaspoons salt

½ cup baking soda

4 cups water

¼ cup melted butter

Sea salt

Directions

Sprinkle the yeast and 1 teaspoon sugar over 1/2 cup of warm water in a small bowl. The water should be no more than 100 degrees F (40 degrees C). Let stand for 5 minutes until the yeast softens and begins to form a creamy foam.

Add milk, shortening, eggs, oil, 3 cups flour, 1/4 cup sugar, and 1 1/2 teaspoons salt. Blend with an electric mixer on medium speed until smooth. Mix in remaining 3 cups of flour by hand, 1/2 cup at a time, mixing well after each addition. When the dough has pulled together, turn it out onto a floured surface, and knead until smooth and elastic, about 5 minutes. The dough will be sticky.

Lightly oil a large bowl, then place the dough in the bowl and turn to coat with oil. Cover with a light cloth and let rise in a warm place (80 to 95 degrees F (27 to 35 degrees C)) until doubled in volume, about 1 hour. Uncover the dough and punch it down.

Preheat an oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C).

Pull off baseball size portions of dough and roll into "snakes" about 6 inches long. Roll each "snake" into a spiral to give the tops some texture. Set each formed bun aside.

Mix the baking soda and 4 cups hot water in a bowl. The baking soda does not need to dissolve completely. Dip each bun in the baking soda solution before placing on a baking sheet. Brush each bun with melted butter and sprinkle with sea salt. Bake in the preheated oven until brown, 20 to 25 minutes. Cool on a wire rack or brown paper bag.

:D just a few notes!

First, when I made them, it didn’t really have a pretzel taste, but I did not boil the water for the baking soda + water so that may be why

Second, it is kinda sticky, so adding an extra 1/2 - 1 cup of flour can help.

Last, they make great sandwiches!

Hope you enjoy :D

:p

even in my darkest hour i know recipe anon is going to pull up with some bomb ass shit and revolutionize my kitchen

[the-squeeze-inn]

Ingredients

Gluten free pumpkin sponge:

3 US large/UK medium eggs, room temperature

150 g (¾ cup) caster/superfine or granulated sugar

150 g (⅔ cup) canned pumpkin puree

½ tsp vanilla bean paste (or 1 tsp vanilla extract)

80 g (⅔ cup) plain gluten free flour blend (I used Doves Farm Freee plain gluten free flour that doesn't have any xanthan gum added. You can also mix your own gluten free flour blend using this recipe. Note that for this homemade blend, 1 cup = 150g, so ideally use a digital food scale for best results.)

¾ tsp xanthan gum (If your gluten free flour blend already contains xanthan gum, reduce the amount to ½ tsp.)

½ tsp baking powder

½ tsp baking soda

¼ tsp salt

½ tsp ground cinnamon

¼ tsp ground ginger

¼ tsp ground nutmeg

Vanilla cream cheese filling:

155 g (⅔ cup) heavy/double cream, cold from the fridge

60-80 g (½-⅔ cup) powdered/icing sugar, sifted (depending on how sweet you want the filling to be)

½ tsp vanilla bean paste (or 1 tsp vanilla extract)

150 g (⅔ cup) cream cheese, cold from the fridge

You will also need:

1-2 tbsp powdered/icing sugar, for dusting the top of the cake

Instructions

Gluten free pumpkin sponge:

Adjust the oven rack to the middle position, pre-heat the oven to 350ºF (180ºC) and line a 10x15-inch (25x38cm) rimmed baking sheet with parchment/baking paper.

Using a stand mixer fitted with the whisk attachment or a hand mixer fitted with the double beaters, whisk the eggs and sugar together until pale, thick, fluffy and about tripled in volume (the ribbon stage). This should take about 5-7 minutes on a high speed setting.

Add the pumpkin puree and vanilla, and whisk briefly until combined.

In a separate bowl, sift together the gluten free flour blend, xanthan gum, baking powder, baking soda, salt, cinnamon, ginger and nutmeg.

Add the dry ingredients to the egg mixture and whisk well for about 15-30 seconds until no flour clumps remain. Scrape down the bottom and sides of the bowl to prevent any unmixed patches. The final batter will be smooth and fairly fluffy in texture.

Transfer the batter into the lined baking sheet and smooth it out into an even layer. You can tap it a few times on the counter to make it perfectly level and also to get rid of any large trapped air pockets.

Bake at 350ºF (180ºC) for about 12-14 minutes or until well risen, golden on top, soft and spongy to the touch, and an inserted toothpick comes out clean.

Immediately out of the oven, cover the baking sheet with a large sheet of aluminium foil. Allow to cool to room temperature or lukewarm – ideally, the temperature of the sponge shouldn't drop below 72ºF (22ºC).

Tip: Covering the sponge with aluminium foil traps the moisture within the sponge, making it much more pliable and flexible – and therefore less likely to crack when you roll it.

Vanilla cream cheese filling:

You can prepare this filling by hand with a large balloon whisk, using a stand mixer fitted with the whisk attachment, or with a hand mixer fitted with the double beaters.

If using a stand or a hand mixer, whisk the filling on a low speed setting. This gives you better control over the texture/consistency of the filling and it lowers the chances of over-whipping it.

In a large bowl, whisk together the heavy/double cream and powdered/icing sugar until soft peaks form.

In a separate bowl, whisk the cream cheese until it's smooth and looser in texture.

Add the cream cheese and vanilla to the whipped cream, and whisk until well combined and soft peaks form.

Assembling the pumpkin roll:

Once the sponge is sufficiently cooled, remove the sheet of aluminium foil and loosen the sponge from the edges of the baking sheet with an offset spatula or a thin knife.

Tip: For the next steps, you can work with the sponge still in the baking sheet, or you can carefully slide it off the baking sheet onto a work surface – either option works well.

Spoon dollops of the filling evenly over the sponge, and use a small offset spatula to spread it out into an even layer all the way to the edges.

Note that when assembling the pumpkin roll, you want to get a 10-inch/25cm long pumpkin roll, starting out with a 10x15-inch/25x38cm sponge.

Turn the sponge so that a short edge is closest to you.

Using the parchment/baking paper underneath (the one that lines the baking sheet) to help you, lift the edge of the sponge closest to you and gently fold it over itself to start the roll.

Gently lift the parchment paper to continue the roll all the way to the end (so that the sponge rolls away from you) – the parchment paper should easily peel away from the sponge as you roll it. You should get a crack-free 10-inch (25cm) long pumpkin roll.

Tip: Make sure to keep the roll fairly tight from the very beginning, otherwise you’ll be left with an empty hole in the centre of your pumpkin roll.

Dust the pumpkin roll with some powdered/icing sugar before slicing and serving.

[ligbi]

Yet Another Comparison Of  ‘90-’99 And ‘14-’23 Anime Girls

Used in-episode screenshots and semi-neutral expressions to keep some semblance of consistency for accurate comparisons, and only used tv anime so no golden boys or makoto shinkais

Feel free to comment on this post or add to it- I know I had a lot more children's anime in the 90s than in the 10ishs but there were also a lot less shows back then

List of series and thoughts under the cut

90-99

knights of ramune \ nadia

goldfish warning\ future gpx

dog of flanders\yyh

akazukin chacha\slam dunk

tenchi universe/ eva

escaflone/ those who hunt elves

kero kero chime/utena

akihabara/ devilman lady

tenshi ni narumon/gto

14-23

yuki yuna/garo

rakudai kini no cavalry/ nisekoi

kuma miko/ maisou gakuen

urara meirochou/tsugumomo

a place further than our universe/ happy sugar life

endro/carole and tuesday

bna/ interspecies reviewers

drugstore in another world/blue period

lyrocois recoil/birdy wing

revolution magical world yuri/ ice guy and cool colleague

I tried to keep it younger characters/older characters for the 90s and that was not an option for the recent anime series because

There are way too many damn anime nowadays. 

I tried to just get a general assortment of different character designers for both but feel free to tell me what a bad job I did for the modern stuff. Pretty sure I don’t have any dupes for the 90s ladies

personally the issue with modern anime is less ‘uwu moe moe kyun isekai harem bullshit’ and more ‘heres a single cour cheaply made no ending adaptaion of a manga or light novel why don’t you go check those out’ big budget ads of which there are too many

i’d like to run the numbers to see if the percentage of original anime has gone down or if the original works are just being flooded out by the sea of overworked nothings that are being constantly rushed out the door

yes obviously not all original works are good (or finish well rip wep) and there are good adaptations but when people think anime once they're past shounen jump series 1-500 the biggest names are original works and sure you might end up with an fma or ouran but your bebops your evas your utenas are originals. or media mixes which are weird collabs we could get into but let’s not today 

i won’t disagree that there’s too many anime nowadays targeting lolicons (yeah yeah any anime for them is too much but we’re talking about comparing eras not judging content here) but I /think/ 80s and 90s relegated that type of stuff to OVAs generally. Don’t have the data to back that up but between ovas nowadays being only just for porn and the lemony history of ovas since the 80s.... there were just More ovas back when as well

doing a loose count on mal of all ovas from 90-99  1050 to about 750 total for 14-23. given the tv ratio for 95-19 being  around 1:6

yes yes these numbers are fast and loose and theres chinese animation in there and we can get finicky about What Is Anime but this was a conversation about what era of anime stylization is better

it’s the late 90s btw

but that’s a personal preference of course because art is subjective blah blah blah 90s character driven comedy fantasy/scifi ova are peak

PER SON A LLY

did I have more thoughts?

probably

i started this over two hours ago make less anime

Make less anime and put more effort into what you do make

less anime. more episodes. more pay. more breaks. take longer. more original stuff

stop remaking shittttttt. you already wasted time and money and effort on a mid anime adaptation of a manga. don’t do it againnnnnn

anyway watch kero kero chime 

appended thoughts the next morning less on art style and more on volume

as of mid 2023 for completed series we are at halfway of all anime having been made after ~2011 this adds up to a reddit post I found with some very nice data https://www.reddit.com/r/anime/comments/lvvexe/chart_of_number_of_anime_per_year_over_time/  40 was a nice number of series a year about 10 a season starting and older ones continuing. 200+ is. 

yes numbers are iffy with second seasons listed as different series like sailor moon r s supers stars and mha 2 3 4 5 6 ect so for accurate numbers a human touch would be needed there is semi-finite air time to work with- obviously some companies could make new tv and satellite stations just to house their garbage but i think there is a cap somewhere in sight if anyone did crunch the numbers more accurately, total episode count is necessary. one 80s robot show of 60-80 epis is equal to 4-6 modern single cour isekais

make less anime

[seerofmike]

Mike's Media Medley--April 2024

henlo and welcome to my monthly diary review thing where i talk about movies/shows/games i experienced for the first time this month. there are a lot of things i watch/play throughout the year that i really like but don't ever get the opportunity to talk about due to the restrictions of my 7 game/7 movie restrictions on my end of year list + the fact i limit movies to 2024 releases. this list encompasses movies and games from any time period that i watched or played for the first time ever this month.

feel free to reply to this post with things you think i should watch or play!

here are some things i watched and played for the very first time this april:

2024 movie/show releases: Monkey Man, Civil War, Abigail, Fallout

non-2024 movie/show releases: Alien (1979), My Octopus Teacher (2020), The Wonderful Story of Henry Sugar (2023)

games: fallout 3 (2008), the battle of polytopia (2016), let's build a zoo (2021), mineko's night market (2022)

my thoughts on all of them below, in alphabetical order--movies/shows first, then games:

Abigail (2024)

this movie was honestly pretty fun. enjoyed it more than i was expecting tbh, i used my membership tuesday price on this cuz i did not feel like paying full price for a ticket to see this. kind of thought it would be just dumb "ooh evil kid" shock horror

and like. don't get me wrong it is definitely ooh evil kid horror but the twist is given relatively early with only minor padding for a bigger twist later. thought it was decently funny and it works well enough as a singular movie but i don't see it warranting a sequel which the ending might be building up to. and though it was fun everything was like. Fine. directing was fine. acting was fine. music was fine. probably would not see it again but did not hate my decision watch it

60/100

Alien (1979)

YES this is really my first time seeing Alien, i am pretty unfamiliar with basically everything about Alien, nothing i say will probably be new

first off the sound was like. really quiet? and idk if it's because my theater had the volume too low or if that's the way it was mixed--it is an old movie after all--but i couldn't hear a lot of the dialogue and i feel like it would've boosted my enjoyment of the movie a lil more but i did really like it

specifically the art direction and set design. the alien planet and the ship, the fossilized skeleton on that big chair all with this really distinct weird black mechanical look that is also like. weirdly alive. and how that extends to the nostromo having parts of it as the movie progresses that looks like the alien. biomechanical is i think the word for it? its awesome. epic, even. makes u paranoid

big fan of the directing as well. very claustrophobic at some scenes. the refusal to show you the alien in full for a while. reaction shots instead of direct sight of the gore and horror (the cat when the janitor dies, ripley hearing parker and lambert die as she runs)

the thing that detracts from the movie for me is the sexual violence undertones. just simply not a fan

p good, might need to rewatch with subtitles to appreciate a bit more once i understand the actual plot lmfao. also this movie is very sweaty just like love lies bleeding. maybe i like sweaty movies. 80/100

(more under the cut)

Civil War (2024)

this movie was not very good

i was not going to see it and then i heard that it was less a typical war movie from the perspective and soldiers and shit that it was more about war correspondence and that piqued my interest as someone who used to want to be a journalist. turns out it's not even that much about war correspondence either. the main characters are war photographers but it all feels like. pretty surface level?

not to mention i understand the intent of keeping the politics of a theoretical civil war part 2 vague so as to not actually incite any specific kind of rage or controversy from either side but like. its a civil war movie. about war correspondence and photography.

the emotional hook of the movie just does nawt work for me. the young photographer lady is incredibly dumb. why does she do the things she does. why does she jump between the cars like that when she's so obsessed with the main lady. i had other gripes with her but i dont even remember all of them because this movie is already a distant memory. the bonding between them does nothing for me and just feels really forced and corny.

that being said there are some nice shots in this movie. it's well-directed but the sound design is really fucking carrying. all of the gunshots are LOUD and impactful and i think that really helps with the conflict where the wishy washy centrist politics fail.

30/100. not the worst movie ive ever seen but i would not watch it again.

Fallout (2024)

yeah yeah the show is really good. acting is good all across the board. was fun seeing the fun references / easter eggs to fallout. i was particularly interested in norm's side of the plot and lucy was a really refreshing protagonist. i think maximus was the weakest of the main plotlines but i'm hoping they go somewhere with his darker side because while i think it was the weakest i think he has the most potential

like lucy and the ghoul are pretty squarely set on their own sides with their own clear morals (or karma, good and evil) but maximus is someone who wants to be a good person but is often just. not good at being a good person. he's naive and not very competent at his job tbh but is still being heralded as a new wave of the brotherhood of steel. very interested to see where all that goes.

enjoyed it a ton. 85/100

Monkey Man (2024)

dev patel really made a movie about the healing power of trans people and he's awesome for that

good action flick with some scathing political commentary that i wish i was more well-versed on indian politics to say something substantial about but i could Feel the contempt for modi/the bjp and hindu nationalism as a whole

it's shot & edited sooooooo frenetically and i think this works a lot of the time HOWEVER at some points it is like. an active detriment. i never really feel nauseous when movies use shaky cam but this movie's camera is not just shaking. that shit is rocking. vibrating. particularly when he's outrunning the police thats when it gets Bad

otherwise i really enjoyed it. the action hits. the aesthetics and cinematography are probably my favorite of everything i watched this month! that being said i probably wouldn't watch it again just because i'm not the type to rewatch action movies like these i think ive only ever seen john wick the one time

75/100

My Octopus Teacher (2020)

it was fine. it's a documentary idk i don't have much to say. doesn't really feel right rating it but i watched it and the visuals were breathtaking but like it doesnt rly have a plot or anything. its neat. nice background thing to put on while you do something else

The Wonderful Story of Henry Sugar (2023)

yeah yeah. unique color palette and color grading. directed well to suit the framing device. everyone and everything is smartly positioned onscreen.pretty good performances from people who have to just dump like 60 lines of dialogue on you all at once. yall know this one is good its wes anderson go watch it its 40 minutes long

75/100

video games:

The Battle of Polytopia (2016)/Let's Build a Zoo (2021)

putting both of these games here because i really don't have a lot to say about them, i played them both very briefly. in let's build a zoo's case, literally for five minutes. the battle of polytopia was boring and after like two runs i was like ok welp that's it for me. i did play the mobile version so that might be part of the problem but idk i don't think the gameplay loop would've grabbed me even if expanded. let's build a zoo had atrocious UI and controls on console and i immediately got pissed off trying to build an enclosure and uninstalled

Fallout 3 (2008)

i am not immune to propaganda

is this game good? not really but my favorite elder scrolls game is oblivion so you should know i, for one, love bethesda jank. love walking around in a big ass world full of weird people and discovering places and just taking a look around. frankly i don't care if i died five times to the same pack of super mutants. i'm having a good time.

not super deep into the main story and have only completed about ten quests but i'm into it

Mineko's Night Market (2022)

man i like. really wanted to like this game. it has a really cute art style and a good sense of humor, and i like management and sim games. unfortunately it just failed to grab me. i had a chuckle or two for the first hour i played but after that i was just really bored running around looking for flowers and i quit before i even got to attend the actual night market. i played it through my dad's gamepass and i usually end up quitting games quickly due to buying them on steam and needing to decide if i like them or not under 2 hours. otherwise i try not to quit games that early unless they're super boring or glitchy/unplayable. unfortunately even without that time limit looming over my head it just wasn't really doing anything for me.

if u got this far into reading this i love u

[randomvarious]

Today's compilation:

Super Eurobeat, Volume 81 1997 Eurobeat

Well, folks; my brain's been turned into absolute mush from listening to all 72 minutes of this CD here. Today was the day that I decided to take my first ever plunge into the vast abyss that is Eurobeat, and I have to say that I definitely have some regrets about it. While I find this music's origins and mish-mashing of different genres and styles to be pretty interesting, at the end of the day, it's all just way too maximal for my own tastes; too much sugar, too much bubblegum, and too much speed. I really dislike it, pretty viscerally.

Eurobeat pulls from a lot of different strains of dance music, but if you don't really know what it sounds like, it's the niche that became somewhat popular in the US, thanks entirely to the Dance Dance Revolution stations that have been an arcade staple all across the country since 1999. Eurobeat is primarily made by Italians, but is released almost exclusively throughout Japan. And today's compilation is a release from the genre's juggernaut series, Super Eurobeat, which, discounting all its side series, still ended up totaling an eye-popping 250 volumes between the years of 1990 and 2018. And that averages out to almost nine releases a year, folks. It's simply one of the largest and longest-lasting compilation series that's  ever been released.

So, Eurobeat is a blend of the following: Eurodisco, Eurodance, Italo-disco, Italo-dance, hi-NRG, trance, and happy hardcore. And it tends to very transparently mix older sounds and approaches with more contemporary ones too.

Like, take this song, for example: "Heartbeat," by Nathalie:

This one uses mindless, meaningless, and empty English-language 80s Eurodisco lyrics and vocal melody, a pumping, uptempo, contemporary Eurodance backbeat, as well as an instrumental, synthy post-chorus that sounds like it was lifted from part of a trance track. And that trancy melody, in and of itself, definitely has some 80s hi-NRG flavor to it as well.

But while it's kinda fun to dissect and analyze the multiple provenances of music like this, it also just, unfortunately, sounds off-puttingly extreme to me in a lot of different ways too. It's *very* uptempo, *very* loud, *very* animated, *very* formulaic, *very* transactional, *very* disposable, *very* saccharine, and, as a result of all of that, *very* overwhelming.

But this dance genre wasn't actually always so fast; a dramatic BPM change seems to have occurred sometime in the early 90s, and then that alteration, which proved to be extremely popular in Japan, ended up permeating this whole Super Eurobeat series itself. So, maybe that older style of Eurobeat would be...uh...more my speed, then? 😅

No highlights.

[steviedegrae]

Zwiebelkuchen (Onion Tart - an old, rustic recipe for the cold season)

Dough: 300 g flour - 20 g yeast - 125 ml. lukewarm milk - 80 g butter - 1 teaspoon salt - Topping: 1.5 kg onions - 100 g streaky bacon - ¼ liter sour cream - 4 eggs - 1 pinch salt - 1 tablespoon caraway seeds.

Dough: lightly grease a baking tray or casserole. Sift the flour into a bowl, make a well in the center; mix crumbled yeast with milk, sugar and a little flour. Melt butter, mix with egg and salt, add to the dough. Let dough rise for 30 min, then beat with all flour until dough bubbles, then roll out on floured baking sheet. Topping: slice onions. Dice bacon and fry in a skillet; add onions, cook until translucent. Whisk the cream with the eggs, salt and caraway seeds. Mix in the onions and bacon cubes and spread the mixture on the dough. Bake on the middle rack for about 45 minutes at 200° C and serve warm - salad and Federweisser or apple cider goes well with it. Enjoy your meal. :)

"Federweisser is a pleasure that belongs to autumn and the grape harvest, just like the delicious onion tart," explains Steffen Schindler, head of marketing at the German Wine Institute (DWI). Ideally, Federweißer is drunk halfway from grape juice to wine, when sweetness, alcohol and fruit acid are in good balance. At this point, it has an alcohol content of about 5% by volume.

Enjoy with caution, "this one goes down a treat".

[hikato-chan]

howdy

cinnamon rolls i'm gonna type out because my printed copy is a mess by now

Ingredients:

(makes 1 9x13" pan/12 cinnamon rolls)

---DOUGH---

1.25 teaspoons active dry yeast

3/4 cup/6 fluid ounces/170 grams warm water

0.25 teaspoon sugar

1/2 cup/4 fluid ounces/113 grams warm milk (doesn't need to be super warm if the water's hot enough and you mix them together before adding)

1.5 teaspoons honey

2 tablespoons/1 fluid ounce/30 grams vegetable oil

1.25 teaspoons salt

about 4 cups/16 ounces/480 grams flour, plus more as needed

---FILLING---

1 tablespoon cinnamon

1/2 cup/3.75 ounces/105 grams brown sugar

2 tablespoons/1 ounce/28 grams butter, melted

about 1 tablespoon/0.5 ounce/14 grams butter, softened

Instructions:

Mix together yeast, water, sugar, milk, honey, and vegetable oil. Set aside for a bit to let the yeast activate. Add in 3 cups/12 ounces/360 grams flour, pour salt in on top of flour. Mix with a spoon/dough hook if you have a stand mixer (or your hands if you're good getting messy) until cohesive. Continue kneading, adding more flour as needed, until dough is smooth, soft, and only slightly sticky. Place in a greased bowl, cover, and set in a warm place to rise until doubled.

Ideal temperature for this is about 80-85 degrees Fahrenheit, but it's not too picky. It'll take up to several hours if it's on the cold side, closer to an hour if it's warm.

When dough is just about ready, mix together cinnamon and brown sugar in a small bowl. Make sure the butter's melted and ready.

Turn out the dough onto an oiled countertop or rolling mat. Stretch, pat, or roll into a 12x16 rectangle. (I never really need a rolling pin for this, it should be pretty soft and relaxed.) (The rectangle can be longer, for taller cinnamon rolls, or taller, for thinner spirals. You pick!)

Brush/pour/smear melted butter onto the dough, making sure to get all the edges and corners. Sprinkle cinnamon sugar mixture onto dough evenly, leaving one edge with about 1/2" free. Starting at this edge, roll dough up into a tight cylinder.

Using a sharp serrated knife (preferred) or floss/thread, cut or garrote the cylinder into 12 rolls. You can do more if you like mini and short rolls, or less if you want gargantuans, but it might affect the cooking time.

Using the softened butter, grease a 9x13" pan. Place rolls in a 3x4 grid in the pan. Cover and let rise until puffy. Preheat oven to 375 degrees Fahrenheit.

Once rolls are puffy, bake them in the preheated oven for 30 minutes. (Underbake by maybe 5 minutes if you plan to reheat them for later service.)

Cool in pan.

OPTIONAL CREAM CHEESE TOPPING:

(makes idk how much, this recipe lives only in my head and is based purely on vibes)

Get some cream cheese out, maybe 1/3 to 1/2 what you want the final volume of the frosting to be. Also, about a quarter as much butter as there is cream cheese. Let 'em sit on the counter until they're softened. You can make this with them straight from the fridge but it's a lot harder on your hand/eggbeater/mixer.

Cream together butter and sugar until they're smooth and spreadable. Add in some orange zest (maybe 1/2 teaspoon? depends how much you like oranges) and vanilla extract (measure with your heart <3).

Shake in some powdered sugar? how much? beats me (ayoo). start with maybe 1/3 cup (about 40 grams), beat that in, taste it and see how you like it. I probably end up with about 1 cup total, but I cannot stress enough how much I have not kept track.

Beat in a little milk if you want the frosting to be thinner. Probably about 2 tablespoons. If you want it real thick, disregard. Keep in mind it'll stiffen if stored in the fridge, and get runnier if heated up (such as when being put on a warm cinnamon roll).

Taste the frosting. Add more of whatever you think it needs. Taste it again, just to make sure. maybe a third time just to double-check --okay nope that's probably enough tasting, time to actually use it.

Top a cinnamon roll with frosting! last time i ended up with about 30 grams per cinnamon roll (so about 360 grams of frosting in total)

enjoy! good luck stress baking! know that your request was much appreciated by all!

Thank you so much!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

I am so very tempted to make them right now, I think I have all the ingredients here, but it's evening over here and I have to get up early.

But it also sounds so much fun to do!!!!!

[catelyngrant]

fanfic asks ❤️🦈🦋

So first of all, this is really entertaining to try to answer because looking through AO3, I'm seeing that of the last ten fics I've posted, they're from seven different and wildly different fandoms so even choosing from my most recent fics is hard!

❤️ What is your favorite line that you’ve written in a fic?

I don't know about favorite vs. most proud of, but two things that I always feel really good about is when I feel like I a) capture dialogue between characters that have very specific voices in a way that feels believable, especially in a conversation building to a specific point a la sugar, we're going down swinging and see the world hanging upside down, and b) capture an emotional state/mood in a very sparse, precise way (it's the poet in me). A couple of examples:

“—but I’m straight,” Deborah finishes emphatically. “Always have been.” She goes quiet for a moment. Ava wishes she could still see her face, see whether she’s frowning or contemplating or looking back at the TV where Love It Or List It is still playing at low volume. She must be thinking something, though, because after a moment she adds offhandedly, “I mean, I fooled around with Carrie Fisher in the 80s, but who didn’t?” (sugar, we're going down swinging)

If you’re not going to fly in, at least use my elevator, Cat had told her with the air of royalty bestowing a knighthood, but Kara doesn’t. She takes the stairs. (watching the dusk, the words won't come)

David has Patrick, and Stevie, and as much as he loves her and as much as she loves her life, his little world is bigger than hers in ways that she doesn’t usually let herself think about. They share a family, but they don’t share it equally. (a handprint on my heart)

🦈 Which character is the toughest to write? Right now, Roman Roy, both in terms of internal voice and external dialogue. I have like six R/G WIPs that just sit there because I get stressed trying to write him. (Gerri's also a challenge, but much less so.) Deborah Vance also gave me hell.

🦋 Which character is your favorite to write? Cat Grant used to stress me out a lot, but I've written her so much that I enjoy it now. She's such a fun character with a specific voice that I feel like I've nailed down pretty well now. Same for Zelda Spellman—I haven't written a lot of her, and not in awhile, but I really love writing characters with very specific characterizations that I feel like I'm able to get a handle on, and I feel like I got there with Zelda pretty quickly.

[missanthropicprinciple]

ok how about 4, 7, 9, 23, 31, 34, and 41?

Cheers!

4) which cryptyd being do you believe in?

The Loch Ness Monster (I love her LOL) kinda makes the most sense because of the sheer volume of the loch (over 400ft deep - although Loch Morar is over 1000ft deep) so we don't totally know what's in there. It might just be a big old fish but it's still cool to think about.

7) hair-ties or scrunchies?

Hair ties. As much as I love scrunchies, hair-ties are way more practical.

9) which do you prefer, hot coffee or cold coffee?

Hot coffee. In the land of iced coffee (Minnesotans in winter drinking an iced latte like it's 80 F degrees out) I'm a ride-or-die hot coffee person.

23) how do you feel about chilly weather?

LOVE IT. Sweltering heat and high humidity makes me genuinely depressed. If I can't cool down I can't sleep or concentrate.

31) what type of music keeps you grounded?

Kraftwerk. Classical. Technically all music has a mathematical component but I love music that has a measured or intense feeling. It depends on the day really.

34) is there a song you know every word to by heart?

Space Oddity, John Peel. I know there are others too.

41) how do you take your coffee?

Black, and then cappuccinos (no sugar)

weird asks

[nakamuso]

Men Tsuyu Hitori Meshi" - Tenjin Mukai's four-panel event

Gourmet manga is peace of mind Mentsuyu Hitori Meshi" volume 5 is now on sale.

reference：Amazon URL：https://www.amazon.co.jp/%E3%82%81%E3%82%93%E3%81%A4%E3%82%86%E3%81%B2%E3%81%A8%E3%82%8A%E9%A3%AF-5-%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E3%83%96%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B3%E3%83%9F%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9-%E7%80%AC%E6%88%B8%E5%8F%A3%E3%81%BF%E3%81%A5%E3%81%8D/dp/4801976565

This is a four-frame manga in which Mendou-san, who loves men-tsuyu, pursues delicious meals using men-tsuyu. There are no bad people. There are no mean people either. It is a manga that you can read all the time with a peaceful feeling. I love exciting manga, but it is also important to have manga that keeps my mind at peace. I personally play that role in Mentsuyu Hitori Hitori Iinai,

Breakfast at Tiffany's Someday

Teasing Mr. Takagi

Hancho: A Day Out on the Road

Sake to Koi ni nakatta drunken desu basho" (Sake and Love Must Be Drunk)

There were quite a few. And most of them were gourmet manga. Gourmet manga is what keeps my peace of mind. Mr. Mendo is a prude, but he has a good capacity and always seems to be having fun without thinking too much about deep things. This is the kind of person I want as a friend.

I recommend volume 5, episode 57, the jarred noodle episode, for its explanation of seasonings. I, too, don't know the difference between bean paste, gochujang, and beet sauce, and like Mr. Mendo, I am at a loss for the ones in our refrigerator. But now, thanks to my colleague, Mr. Tokoshi, who is an excellent cook, I understand.

He told me that soybean paste is a spicy miso that originated in China using fava beans, gochujang is a Korean seasoning made from glutinous rice malt, and tamemenjang is a sweet miso that is not spicy at all!　I will never forget it. By the way, they say that jerky noodles are made with sugar beet.

In volume 5, we also learned the truth about Hodogaya's lost love. That kind of thing happens in real life, but how he can take such a bold step is a mystery… I'm also curious about his love affair with Mai, but I'm not so sure about people who get bed blubber on their bedding. I'd like to make more and more mentsuyu recipes, as many of them were introduced in this issue. I am the type of person who actively cooks manga-meshi.

Amatsu Mukai's 4-frame talk event While the new book was released, we also had some disappointing news. Manga Life, the magazine in which he appeared, is going to cease publication. Another long-running magazine is going to disappear. It is sad. I am glad to hear that many of the serialized works, including Men Tsuyu Hitori Mei (Men Tsuyu Hitori Mei), will continue to be published elsewhere. Speaking of "Manga Life," I helped with the book "Amatsu Mukai no Kono 4-koma ga Omoroi" ("Amatsu Mukai no Kono 4-koma ga Omoroi!") published by Take Shobo, the same publisher. published by Takeshobo.

reference：Amazon URL：https://www.amazon.co.jp/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E3%83%BB%E5%90%91%E3%81%AE-%E3%81%93%E3%81%AE4%E3%82%B3%E3%83%9E%E3%81%8C%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A2%E3%83%AD%E3%82%A4-LAUGH-PEACE-BOOKS/dp/4812496268

The comedian Amatsu Mukai is an unparalleled fan of four-frame manga, and loves them so much that there is not a four-frame comic that he has not read. This book is about such a person, Amatsu Mukai-san, and introduces his recommended four-frame works.

I don't know about now, but back then, Amatsu Mukai-san often held 4-koma events, gathering 4-koma fans. I was wondering how many people would come to a four-frame manga event, but the event was packed. I think about 80% of the attendees were male, and most of them were in their 30s or 40s.

Guests were,

Riko Anzai ("My sister is here")

Ms. Miyu Nohiro ("My Sister")

Yuka Santo ("Sparrow's Hotel")

and his partner, Amatsu Kimura, were also present. The event was full of interesting talks that you can only hear here, such as behind-the-scenes stories of four-panel artists writing and some one-off stories, but the most memorable part was the relay four-panel show. The most memorable part of the event was the relay four-panel drawing project, in which Mr. Amatsukimura drew the first panel and asked the three teachers to fill in the rest of the frames to complete the work.

There was some trouble when Mr. Amatsukimura drew the first panel, but then the teachers took turns drawing and filling in the panels on the spot. I was very surprised at how interesting the finished work was. It was an impromptu drawing, but it turned out to be a proper four-frame comic. I have a vague recollection of the content, but I think it was

1 There is a giraffe

2 Finding Anpan

3　

4.　

Oh, no, I can't remember at all. But I'm sure I saw a Gaikotsu. I was impressed because I thought, "That's a pro! Mr. Amatsu Mukai is now working as a comedian and also writes original manga. He is a man of many talents. It is supposed to be surprisingly hot again today, so I will take in some salt with mentsuyu.

[bizworldinsights]

Liquid based Biofuels 

In 2019, the global liquid-based biofuels market is valued at approximately US$ 137.4 billion, with a corresponding volume of 160 billion liters. Over the past two decades, liquid-based bioethanol production has witnessed a tenfold increase. Notably, the bioethanol segment claims the largest revenue share, exceeding 80% in 2019. This dominance is attributed to the global shift toward renewable energy resources, particularly within the transportation sector.

To read more about the topic please visit site: https://bekryl.com/industry-trends/liquid-based-biofuels-market-share-analysis

Insights, Trends, and Key Developments in the Global Liquid-based Biofuels Market:

Researchers and ethanol producers are dedicated to enhancing ethanol yield and production efficiency through ongoing research and development initiatives.

In June 2019, a group of researchers introduced a two-step method designed to improve bioethanol production efficiency. This innovative process focuses on the efficient breakdown of carbohydrates into single sugar components.

Cellulosic ethanol presents a compelling opportunity for emissions reduction, making it an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil-based transport fuels. This innovation is particularly attractive for reducing agricultural residue burning in fields. Key regions leading in cellulosic ethanol development include the United States, Brazil, Europe, and India, where complementary industry and agricultural sectors, coupled with policy support, are driving significant growth in this segment.

Global Liquid-based Biofuels Market by Product and Source Type:

Among product types, the bioethanol segment presently dominates the liquid-based biofuels market, reaching US$ 112.5 billion in 2019. The North and South American markets for bioethanol collectively hold over 85% of the global revenue share, primarily fueled by increased adoption in the transportation sector. In the biodiesel segment, Europe is projected to account for over 40% of revenue share in 2019.

Global Liquid-based Biofuels Market by Region:

The United States and Brazil stand out as the largest producers of bioethanol, jointly contributing to over 80% of global production share. Stringent regulations and government initiatives have driven this production dominance. Brazil, for instance, mandates a 27% ethanol blend for gasoline since March 2015, resulting in increased ethanol adoption in the transportation sector. Sugarcane is the major contributor, representing over 60% of ethanol production in 2019.

Comparatively, India has set an ethanol blend mandate between 4-5%, with a target to reach 10% by 2022. This gradual increase creates opportunities for local and regional players in the Indian market.

South Africa and Mexico are at early stages of biofuel adoption for transportation. Therefore, market development and the application of advanced technologies for production are critical in these regions.

Global Liquid-based Biofuels Market Size and Forecast: Competition Landscape

Key players are actively engaging in partnerships and acquiring new production technologies to enhance their market presence and expand production capacity.

In August 2019, NewEnergyBlue acquired bio-conversion technology rights for biofuel production from Inbicon.

Praj Industries, in August 2019, signed a cooperation agreement with Dedini S/A Indústrias de Base, a Brazil-based ethanol producer, to offer ethanol production technologies to the Brazilian market.

Some prominent players in the liquid-based biofuels market include Cargill, Incorporated; The Archer Daniels Midland Company; POET; Pacific Ethanol, Inc. (Aventine Renewable Energy Holdings, Inc.); Abengoa S.A.; Flint Hills Resources LP; Renewable Energy Group; Valero Energy Corporation; Green Plains Renewable Energy; and The Andersons, Inc.

Research Scope:

By Product Type:

Ethanol

Biodiesel

Others

By Source Type:

Maize

Sugar Crops

Wheat

Molasses

Cellulose Biomass

Vegetable Oils

Others

By Application:

Light Passenger Vehicles

Road Freight

Shipping and Aviation

[holychocolatecakebatman]

Frankfurter Kranz

Adapted from https://baketotheroots.de/frankfurt-crown-cake-aka-frankfurter-kranz/ and https://www-oetker-de.translate.goog/rezepte/r/klassischer-frankfurter-kranz?_x_tr_sl=de&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp&_x_tr_hist=true

Recipe Cake 250 g softened butter 1 cup sugar 1 tbsp vanilla sugar pinch of salt 5 medium eggs 1 3/4 cups flour 3 tsp baking powder 1/3 cup Eirlikor*

Pudding Buttercream 2 packs Dr. Oetker Original Pudding Powder Vanilla Flavor** 80 g sugar 800 mL milk 500 g softened butter

Brittle 15 g butter 75 g sugar 150 g chopped hazelnuts***

Decoration 200 g raspberry jam 3.5 oz. heavy cream 1 tsp confectioners’ sugar candied cherries

Whip the softened butter, sugar and salt together until light and fluffy.  Slowly add in 1 egg at a time until all eggs have been combined.  In a separate bowl combine the dry ingredients (flour and baking powder) with the Eirlikor and then mix the dry ingredients into the wet ingredients until combined.  Bake in a 9.5″ diameter bunt pan in an oven preheated to 350F for about 45-50 min.  Allow to cool.

Mix the pudding powder and sugar with 6 tbsp of the milk until smooth.  Boil the rest of the milk and remove from the heat.  Pour the powder mixture into the milk and whisk for a for at least a minute as it thickens to pudding consistency and cool until room temperature.  Beat the butter until light and fluffy.  Mix in the cooled pudding 1 tbsp at a time until all combined.

Heat the butter, sugar and hazelnuts in a non-stick pan over medium heat, stirring until everything is lightly browned.  Allow to cool on a baking paper.

Cut the cake in 3 layers.  Put the bottom most piece of cake on your plate then spread a layer of jam, and then pipe a layer of pudding buttercream.  Then put the next layer of cake with jam and butter cream and top with the last layer of cake.  Keep a little of the buttercream back for decorating.  Spread the rest of the rest of the buttercream over the whole cake and sprinkle the brittle everywhere.  Pipe some decorative dollops with the rest of the buttercream and top with cherries.

*I did not use Eirlikor and used milk instead. ** Each package is 43g, so you can use another pudding powder if you can’t find this one.  Here’s the description for reference. https://www.amazon.com/Dr-Oetker-Vanilla-Pudding-Pack/dp/B000NY8OLA Just follow your pudding instruction to make approximately the same volume of vanilla pudding. ***You can also use almonds instead.

[mission-to-dietitian]

STATE OF SHOCK AND INJURY: A release of the catecholamine epinephrine suppresses response to insulin.

Basal metabolic rate increases 7% for every degree rise in fever.

OBESITY: Obesity starts at a BMI of 30kg/m^2 (3 classes of obesity. BMI of 40kg/m^2 or > is Class III obesity). There are 3,500 calories per pound of body fat, so start with a deficit of 500cal/day for weight loss of 1 pound per week.

Initial rapid weight loss is water weight, due to glycogen stores pulled out from the liver (for every gram of carbohydrate stored, 3g of H2O are stored w/it)

You cannot spot lose fat. Plateau (can't continue to lose weight) occurs because BMR has dropped in order to match loss of weight.

DEFICIENCIES: stomatitis due to riboflavin (B2) deficiency

PREGNANCY: Pregnancy-induced hypertension begins at 20th week. But sodium restriction NOT recommended as the intervention.

TUBE FEEDS: Deadly to feed into an ileus. Elemental formulas = more expensive.

4-hour hang time for open systems (concern for pathogenic activity/growth). 24-48 hours for closed systems.

Nasogastric tube for short-term enteral access (for those with NORMAL GI function who require nutrition support for 3-4 weeks). Bolus, intermittent, or continuous infusions.

Naso-duodenal OR naso-jejunal feeds for those unable to tolerate gastric tube feed (recall it is best to do gastric if possible to mimic body's natural eating functions).

Give 1cc of H2O per calorie ingested. Formulas that are 1 calorie per cc are 80-86% water.

Peripheral parenteral nutrition (AKA total parenteral nutrition/TPN -- LAST resort due to the fact that it is like foie gras to the body, with implications of liver issues developing) is via small surface veins, which is short-term nutrition support. Includes protein and fat (a 10% solution of intravenous fat provides 1.1 calories per cc. A 20% solution provides 2.0 calories per cc. Think about propofol, delivered in a fat medium).

Solutions have dextrose, which provides 3.4 cal/g.

# of calories from a volume of dextrose = mL provided × % dextrose × 3.4

PPN/TPN is used to achieve anabolism when patients cannot eat by mouth and you cannot do an enteral tube feed.

Long-term central access occurs via cephalic, subclavian, or internal jugular vein and feed ls into superior vena cava.

PPN/TPN concerns: Bacterial translocation because you are bypassing the gut, which would normally kill bacteria that is ingested per os. Bacteria can travel through bloodstream and lead to SEPSIS.

In TPN, protein is provided for anabolism at 1g of nitrogen for every 150 calories ingested. The percent concentration tells you # of grams of protein per in 100mL of TPN solution (a 3% solution provides 3g of protein in 100mL of TPN solution).

Glucose infusion rate for dextrose in TPN should not exceed 4-5mg/kg/min for hyperglycemia prevention.

Fat is added to prevent essential fatty acid deficiency.

Begin tapering TPN for EN slowly, when enteral feeds provide 1/3 to 1/2 of nutrient requirements. When 60% of needs can be tolerated enterally, discontinue TPN.

BEWARE OF REFEEDING SYNDROME (starved cells take up nutrients, shifting K+, phos, and magnesium into the cell, causing HYPOKALEMIA, HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA, and HYPOMAGNESEMIA).

Overfeeding dextrose can lead to hyperglycemia

Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) reflects current population needs.

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is goals for healthy individuals.

Estimated Average Requiremenr (EAR) assesses group nutritional adequacy.

Upper Limit (UL) offers guidance on safe upper limits for nutrients such as vitamins.

Dietary Guidelines made to prevent chronic disease. DG written by USDA and HHS. Community nutrition programs use Dietary Guidelines to develop their plans (variety in eating, nutrient density, serving sizes, limit calories from saturated fats and added sugars, reduce sodium intake.

Healthy Eating Index (by USDA) is a measure of overall diet quality. Measures how well we follow the recommendations.

My Plate (USDA) shows essential food groups. Recommendations: balancing calories, foods to increase in the diet, foods to reduce.

Healthy People Program (HHS) identifies broad goals and specific objectives for improving health of the public. Focuses on disease prevention by changing behaviours.

The three steps in planning programs:

1) Mission Statement - describes the philosophy of the program. Need/Problem Statement describes the current situation, who says it's a problem, and what will occur if nothing is done.

2) Goals - goals are statements of broad direction and general purpose. Determine which health problems have nutritional implications. Determine what the high risk groups are. Determine what the most critical needs are.

3) Objectives - must be measurable. Objectives are more specific and defined than goals. Include specific target dates for completing specific projects. Evaluate alternative strategies available using cost effectiveness analysis.

Budget controls and coordinates activities. Indicates how and at what rate money should be expended.

Public health departments derive a portion of their income from general revenue taxes. Federal, local, and foundation grants are other sources of income.

Intervention via community nutrition programs relates to the 3 domains of learning: Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor.

Enabling makes it easier for people to act. Use the 4 Ps of marketing: Product, Price, Place, Promotion.

A strategy which involves psychomotor learning is helping people develop the skills needed to make and sustain new habits (e.g. how to budget, how to find the services they need.

Monitoring and Evaluation = the 4th step in the Nutrition Care Process (NCP)

Nutrition care outcomes represent results that the practitioner and nutrition care impacted individually. They can be linked to nutrition intervention goals. They're measurable and occur in a reasonable time period. They are attributed to the nutrition care provided. They're logical stepping stones to other health care outcomes.

Nutrition care outcomes are distinct from other health care outcomes b/c they represent the nutrition practitioner's specific contribution to care. They are grouped into 4 categories:

1) Food and Nutrition Related History

2) Lab Data and Medical Tests

3) Anthropometrics

4) Nutrition-Focused Physical Findings