#ancient Nabataean city

[whencyclopedia]

20 Images of Petra

This gallery showcases 20 photos of Petra (Jordan), the former capital of the Nabataean kingdom, which thrived as a trading centre from the 4th century BCE to the 3rd century CE.

Petra is an ancient city carved into a canyon by the Nabataeans, a tribe from Western Arabia skilled in trade and engineering. The ruins of Petra cover an area of 264 square kilometres and include sacred sculptures, monuments, and around 800 tombs, the most famous of which is known as the Treasury. The Treasury is believed to have been the mausoleum of Nabataean King Aretas III and dates back to the 1st century CE.

In 106 CE, the city of Petra was at its peak when the Roman emperor Trajan (r. 98-117 CE) annexed the Kingdom of Nabataea and transformed it into a Roman province named Arabia Petraea. The Romans adopted their city planning, and many new structures were built, including the Roman Soldier Tomb, the Sextius Florentinus Tomb, and the colonnaded street. Petra remained prosperous for over 250 years until the middle of the 4th century CE when an earthquake destroyed many of the city's buildings.

Petra remained hidden for centuries until its rediscovery in 1812. Today, it is Jordan's most renowned tourist attraction and continues to fascinate and inspire visitors from all over the world. It is known as the "Rose City" because of the colour of its stones, and it was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Its worldwide recognition was further amplified when it was declared one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in 2007.

Continue reading...

[dailydemonspotlight]

Alilat - Day 44

Race: Entity

Arcana: Empress

Alignment: Light-Chaos

June 13th, 2024

A personal favorite kind of demon throughout the series has to be the ones that are completely alien- demons that look like they originated from a psychological study, or living beings that, by all means, look like they shouldn't be real. Demons of this kind are surprisingly few and far between, with most appearing as rather standard depictions of monsters or humanoid beings, but when the artists dip their toes into the strange, almost beyond this world, I fall in love with the designs the instant I lay my eyes on them. One of these, of course, is today's Demon of the Day, and a strange outcast even among the strangest demons throughout the series- the ill-known Mother Goddess of the Arabian Peninsula, Alilat.

Mostly known by one of her many names, al-Lat, Alilat is a relatively obscure goddess in the grand scheme of history. As a pre-islamic goddess worshipped in Arabia, a lot of history surrounding her is hard to parse, even down to the exact areas that her reign was present within, but the general consensus appears to be that she was mainly worshipped in several widespread cults throughout Arabia during its pre-islamic days. Another name of hers, Allat, has actually been the name of several goddesses throughout several different areas in history as well, making her story even more confusing to dig through. The tangled webs of tales and future conflations between her and other deities make her an incredibly confusing deity to sift through the facts about.

Our first recorded mention of Alilat actually comes in the form of a retelling from Greek scholar Herodotus, who, in his book 'Histories' wrote,

"They believe in no other gods except Dionysus and the Heavenly Aphrodite; and they say that they wear their hair as Dionysus does his, cutting it round the head and shaving the temples. They call Dionysus, Orotalt; and Aphrodite, Alilat."

I will admit to copying that passage from Wikipedia, but I'm not about to sift through a copy of such a massive transcript to search for a single line. Interestingly, this transcription by Herodotus actually has a conflict with how most other people drew comparisons- it was commonly believed, and still is today, that Alilat was actually the ancient Arabian's version of Athena. As a goddess of motherhood and fertility, as well as peace, she shares some similar traits to Athena in greek myth, as they also both share a trait as a goddess of war. Where this came from is described in several Safaitic inscriptions, as she used to be invoked by travelers through the region in order to guarantee peace, prosperity, and protection, while warriors at the time would invoke her name to ensure good loot and those attacked would invoke her for vengeance. As one of two principal deities, she seemed to be stuck working overtime a lot.

This is also proven by how scattered her inscriptions are throughout Africa- there are only few given, and most of them are in vastly different areas, giving light to the idea that her cult was widespread but decentralized. And yes, it was a cult, not a formalized religion, as her worship was incredibly sparse. She was revered by many names and even more traditions, including a northern Arabian tribe known as the Qedarites, the widespread peoples of the Nabataeans, and even those residing within the largest Parthian city of its time, Hatra. A lost city known as Iram of the Pillars was also a home of Alilat worship, with them having erected a temple that has now been buried beneath the sands- tragically, all that has been left was a few pillars and a crumbled statue of a lion, but accounts and some small inscriptions on the inside of the temple revealed that it originally had a gorgeous statue of Alilat inside, resembling none other than Athena.

Unfortunately, as time went on, the temple fell into disrepair, having been the target of an attack from Greek forces, then utterly demolished in the fourth century by Christian mobs. You can read more about it on the blog I linked above. However, in terms of Mythology, there's still a bit more to go. Al-Lat wasn't just the deity of a cult, but also appears in Islamic tradition as well, fulfilling a similar purpose to Ba'al in some respects as a false god, though one depicted far more sympathetically. In some retellings, she's not even that, and is instead a daughter of Allah, or even a consort of his in others. Alilat was also the subject of the infamous Satanic Verses incident, something that is beyond the scope of this post, but is an incredibly interesting (and kinda hilarious) rabbit hole to dig through.

In the Book of Idols, an encyclopedia on pre-islamic religion in Africa written by scholar Hisham ibn al-Kalbi, it's written that a group of the Quraysh would chant a set of verses celebrating al-Lat, al-'Uzza, and Manat, of which al-Lat is our subject of interest. A common translation purports the word used to refer to them as a collective, gharaniq, to mean "Most exalted females," but this is hotly debated. Again, see the Satanic Verses incident. Lastly, she is mentioned in the Quran, albeit rarely, and, again, as the subject of the Satanic Verses incident. This is starting to feel like the noodle incident of this post.

I wish I could've shown her uncensored design, but alas, I have no idea if it'd pass the 'Female presenting nipple' guideline, but take it from me when I say that Alilat has an amazing design. Combining her esoteric and hard to sort through lore with her role as a mother goddess was a great call, as it makes her both unique and almost unsettling, even in this series rife with body horror. Even the titties, which I normally see no real point in having on a lot of designs and just feel like gratuitous fanservice (cough cough LAMIA) serve a purpose, as what does a mother do but breastfeed? The idea to portray her almost like a piece of art on a bizarre, floating obelisk was such a cool concept, and it was done perfectly.

I also love how the imagery associated with Alilat on the stone itself resembles stone-age portraits of how a body would look, more specifically the Venus of Willendorf, a famous sculpture that is typically used to represent fertility, tying it all together. Given that this inscription was also carved into stone in Alilat's design, and it ties everything together. Not only does her design look unique even for the series, not only does it tie so many ideas together in neat little bows, not only is it glowing, but it's all also brought together in representing one of the most mysterious and interesting gods in history, and demons in the series.

[ancientorigins]

The impressive water channeling technology of the Nabataeans included ingenious methods for harnessing, maintaining, utilizing, and even purifying their water supply over 2,000 years ago. The construction of a complex system of aqueducts, terraces, dams, cisterns, and reservoirs, enabled their people and the city of Petra to thrive for many years in a harsh and unforgiving landscape.

[fatehbaz]

85% of natural asphalt is found in the Western hemisphere; the most famous asphalt field is probably the La Brea Tar Pits in Los Angeles, but the largest reserves are in Alberta, which hold an estimated 2.2 trillion barrels. In addition to the natural reserves, asphalt has, for the last 100 years, primarily been produced by refining crude oil residue. Asphalt’s most common use is as the binder in blacktop; aggregate makes up the remaining 95% of the dark mix we see on roads and highways. [...]

The largest antique source of asphalt was the Dead Sea, where chunks of seafloor asphalt periodically broke off and rose to the surface. In ancient Egypt, this asphalt was used to waterproof boats [...], as well as roads, canals, and roofs, and it was prized enough that Alexander the Great’s general Antigonus started -- and lost -- a war with the Nabataean Arabs over the Dead Sea’s asphalt. [...]

Asphalt was rare in road construction until it hit the big time in 1867 with the asphalting of Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, D.C. Soon Washington was an “asphalt city,” and the quiet, smooth streets inspired other cities to follow suit. Paving became ever more important with the popular rise of bicycles and then cars. At the turn of the century, refined asphalt was developed and largely supplanted natural asphalt due to its higher quality and volume. This was also the time when concrete emerged as a road paving material, and a competition between concrete and asphalt emerged [...].

O’Reilly closely associates war and asphalt. In World War II, asphalt served many purposes. From the Aleutian Islands in Alaska to Tinian in the Northern Marianas, Navy construction battalions used asphalt to construct airfields and roads on short notice. Over 17,000 tons of asphalt were brought ashore during the Normandy landings. [...] During the Vietnam War, building asphalt runways was fundamental to the American policy of aerial bombardment. Asphalt has continued to be the material of choice for ad-hoc roads and runways built during the American wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.

---

Text by: Alexander Luckmann. “Asphalt and Sand: A Material History of Extraction and Consumption.” Cleveland Review of Books. 13 May 2022.

[immortalmuses]

Petra & Fremen Sietches

Hi Fellow Dune Fans!

Let's talk about Inspirations for Fremeni Worldbuilding!

ㅤㅤㅤSo I believe it is reasonably well known that the Fremen People were inspired -- in part, at least -- by the Arab Bedouins. And some of the structures we see in Dune 2 bear striking resemblance to an ancient Bedouin city named Petra, which was carved out of the mountains in Jordan. This is because parts of the movie were actually filmed at the cultural center there!

ㅤㅤㅤPetra was built in the 4th Century B.C.E. by a subset of Bedouins called the Nabataeans, who were a nomadic people that gained extensive wealth by trading spices (uh huh, yeah, exactly). This wealth made them increasingly appealing targets to their enemies, so the Nabataeans decided to settle in the mountainous regions of Jordan and eventually carved a whole city of out of the sandstone cliffs. Everything from monuments and tombs to multi-room houses were hand carved from the rock, then covered with stucco and painted in bright colors. The city follows the natural curve of the Siq, a narrow and winding gorge that lead into Petra's city-center (quite similar to the natural crevice that leads to the entrance of the Fremen Sietch in the film).

ㅤㅤㅤPetra was significant for so many reason, but one of its most influential elements (and one of the things about it that inspired Herbert) was its water irrigation system! The city had specifically built rock-cut channels along the Siq to collect as much rain water as possible in the sparse times of year that it actually rained. These channels led to subterranean pipes that funneled all water into underground cisterns, which preserved the water from theft, pollution, and evaporation. Sound familiar?

ㅤㅤㅤBecause of their mastery over water resources in the region, the Nabataeans (and their city) rose to control the flow of trade along most of the Incense Road, which stretched from Southern Arabia through Petra to Gaza. Their access to water was both highly sought after as a respite by those traveling the trade route, and a deterrent for any forces thinking to attack the city. The odds of overcoming a fortified and water-rich place like Petra as an attacker in the desert was… slim.

ㅤㅤㅤIn addition to their water-wealth, Nabataens also grew flush with culture and art as a result of so many worldly traders passing through their city. Petra was designed to align with the path of the sun across the sky, so on certain pivotal times of year, important buildings within the city will have direct sunlight falling on them. The structures were all carved with an evolving combination of influences from other parts of the world, like Egypt, China, and Greece. At the height of its glory under Nabataean rule, Petra was a culture center of the ancient world.

ㅤㅤㅤAll these fascinating elements make me think of Arrakis, and the Fremen Peoples. Of who they might have been before House Harkonnen won the siridar fief of Arrakis and brought both ecological and sociological persecution to the planet. The beautiful structures they might have built, the complex cultural heritage they shared among northern and southern tribes, the innovation of a People who understood their home better than any other. A People who weren't fighting for survival, who could be so much more…

ㅤㅤㅤIn Dune, the water catchbasins are sacred spaces, representing both the sacrifices and hopes of an entire People. The elaborate nature of these holy places cannot be overstated, and the sheer ingenuity of Fremeni methods for prosperity deserves recognition beyond how it stymied the endeavors of a bloodthirsty race of slavers and thieves.

[rabbitcruiser]

Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt became the first modern European to lay eyes on the ancient Nabataean city of Petra on August 22, 1812.

[hajjumrahblogs-blog]

7 Top Rated Tourist Attractions in Saudi Arabia

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has always been a land that captures the hearts of those who come upon it due to its wealth in history, majestic views, and culture that have been passed down through generations. The spiritual value it holds for Islamic pilgrims is just one facet— Saudi Arabia is a gem waiting to be discovered. This alluring expedition reveals the seven highest-rated tourist destinations within the Kingdom which serve as an invitation for you to uncover your own enchantment with the place.

Mecca is a highly spiritual city located in Saudi Arabia

Immerse yourself in a spiritual journey at Makah Saudi Arabia, the holiest city in Islam. In Makah, bow your head in humility before the majestic Kaaba (located in Haram Mosque) — the focal point of Muslim prayers globally. Be amazed by the spiraling procession (Tawaf) around this ancient structure and the solemn trek (Sa'i) between Safa and Marwa. This is a religious pilgrimage that is also known as Umrah, a beautiful dream of every Muslim. Other than Haram Mosque, there are many religious sites for visit where pilgrims visit every year.

A place like no other: Medina, highly Respected among Muslims

Go to Masjid al-Nabawi in Madinah. It is a luminous sanctuary said to contain the grave of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Lose yourself in the serenity of the mosque, and discover the wealth of Islamic civilization that is enclosed by its walls. Close your eyes to see more clearly. Madinah present an opportunity like no other, be it for a Muslim pilgrim or an inquisitive traveler. This place is full of religious sites where Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) lived his life.

Mada’in Saleh UNESCO World Heritage Site: A Journey through Time

Northwest of Medina, Mada'in Saleh is not just any site but a UNESCO World Heritage site; it has archaeological wonders that take the form of carvings on sandstone cliffs. The ancient city was once referred to as Hegra and served as the capital of the Nabataean kingdom— a civilization that came before the Romans. Discover the intricately designed tombs with their unique carvings like Al-Qasr façade and appreciate the architectural finesse from an era long gone. Mada'in Saleh is more than just a historical site, it tells tales of Arabian history yet untold, waiting for curious minds to unveil.

Nature's masterpiece unveiled at the Edge of the World

From the northwest cliffs of Riyadh, the Edge of the World (Jebel Fihrayn) extends out and strikes dramatically as a stunning wonder in its own right. Walk through the stark sandstone cliffs shaped by wind and be amazed at views that spread before your eyes— the endless desert down under. This place is breathtaking; ideal for a picnic at sunset or an adventurous off-road drive. Just a brief pause to take it all in— the magnificence of nature.

Jeddah, the Bustling Metropolis: A City of Contrasts

Saudi Arabia's second largest city, Jeddah, is a confluence of rich history, culture and modernity. Discover Al-Balad district — listed by UNESCO — which is an intricate maze made of coral-stone houses along with traditional shops. Get lost in the fragrant alleys of the Souq (Al-Jalaali) market place where you can find exotic spices, perfumes and local crafts. To see a different side of Jeddah's modernity visit the Waterfront; it is a scenic corniche flanked by cafes and restaurants. The towering buildings alongside these modern establishments echo the pulsating energy that seems to be at core of this unique city that captivates all who wander through it.

Unveiling Al Wahbah Crater: A Crystal-Clear Oasis

The Al Wahbah Crater, situated not far from Taif, stands as a geological wonder distinct from any other within the realms of Saudi Arabia. This massive volcanic crater - it is believed to have been more than thousands of years ago - offers a spectacular sight with its cliffs surrounding the base where there is a sparkling fountain. If you are ready for an adventure, follow the trail down to the floor of this magnificent crater and let the cool waters embrace you at the heart of this stark desert beauty.

A Coastal Paradise: The Pristine Beaches of the Red Sea

Saudi Arabia is home to more than 2,000 kilometers of striking Red Sea shoreline. It can be described as a paradise for those who love beaches and water sports. The turquoise waters along with lively coral reefs and unspoiled beaches make it an ideal setting for swimming, snorkeling, diving or simply basking under the sun. Among the popular Red Sea destinations are Jeddah, (Al Wajh), and Umluj; each with distinctive charm and activities it offers.

Conclusion

Saudi Arabia offers a variety of tourist attractions, choose your type of adventure or religious site to visit. Muslims give importance Saudi Arabia because it is the place where they perform Hajj and Umrah each year. The Kingdom surely covers all of your sightseeing needs, so don't wait and discover the gems within.

[bbumtravel]

2000 years old city

Petra, located in southern Jordan, is an ancient city renowned for its rock-cut architecture and archaeological significance. It was once the capital of the Nabataean Kingdom and is now a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. Petra's stunning desert landscapes and historical marvels attract visitors from around the globe, offering a glimpse into ancient civilization and architectural ingenuity.

History and Archaeology:

Nabataean Civilization: Founded possibly as early as 312 BCE, Petra flourished as a major trading hub due to its strategic location along trade routes linking Arabia, Egypt, and Syria.

Rock-Cut Architecture: Petra is famous for its impressive rock-cut facades, most notably Al-Khazneh (The Treasury), a magnificent temple carved into a sandstone cliff, and the Monastery (Ad Deir), another monumental structure perched high in the mountains.

Cultural Significance:

Blend of Cultures: Petra's architecture reflects influences from Nabataean, Greek, Roman, and Egyptian civilizations, showcasing a unique blend of architectural styles and artistic motifs.

Religious Sites: The city features temples, tombs, and sacrificial altars dedicated to various deities, illustrating the religious practices and beliefs of its inhabitants.

Key Sites and Monuments:

Al-Khazneh (The Treasury): A grandiose temple facade carved into a towering cliff, famously featured in Indiana Jones movies and a symbol of Petra's architectural prowess.

The Siq: A narrow gorge flanked by towering cliffs that serves as the main entrance to Petra, offering a dramatic and unforgettable approach to the ancient city.

The Monastery (Ad Deir): A larger and less ornate counterpart to The Treasury, located atop a steep climb offering panoramic views of the surrounding desert landscape.

Royal Tombs: Elaborate burial chambers carved into the rock face, including the Urn Tomb and the Palace Tomb, showcasing intricate details and craftsmanship.

Visitor Experience:

Hiking and Exploration: Petra offers extensive hiking trails through its archaeological sites and surrounding desert landscapes, providing opportunities for exploration and discovery.

Cultural Immersion: Visitors can participate in guided tours, cultural performances, and exhibitions that highlight Petra's history, archaeology, and significance as a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Local Cuisine and Hospitality: Nearby towns and villages offer traditional Jordanian cuisine and hospitality, providing a glimpse into contemporary Jordanian culture and daily life.

Conservation and Sustainability:

Preservation Efforts: Conservation initiatives focus on protecting Petra's fragile rock-cut structures, preventing erosion, and promoting sustainable tourism practices to ensure the site's preservation for future generations.

Community Involvement: Local communities play a vital role in preserving Petra's cultural heritage, participating in tourism initiatives and cultural events that celebrate the city's historical and archaeological importance.

Conclusion: Petra stands as a testament to human ingenuity and artistic achievement, offering visitors an unparalleled journey through ancient history and architectural marvels. With its breathtaking landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and archaeological treasures, Petra continues to captivate and inspire travelers from around the world, providing a profound connection to Jordan's historical legacy and the ancient civilizations that once thrived in this remarkable desert city.

[wonderstravelandtourism]

Unveiling Aqaba: Where History Meets Breathtaking Beauty in 2024

Immerse yourself in the captivating Jordanian destination of Aqaba, a city boasting a rich tapestry of history, dazzling natural beauty, and vibrant culture. Nestled at the southernmost tip of Jordan, Aqaba beckons visitors with its bustling port, palm-lined streets, and authentic bazaars.  This haven also boasts UNESCO World Heritage Sites that promise an unforgettable exploration.

Unearthing Aqaba's Enduring Legacy

Evidence of settlements in Aqaba dates back to 4000 BC, solidifying its position as a crucial port city. Throughout history, it has been under the rule of various empires, including the Greeks, Romans, and Byzantines. The city transitioned hands to Muslim armies in the 7th century and Crusaders in the 10th century. Saladin, the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, captured the area in the 12th century.

Following the Ottoman conquest in 1516, Aqaba remained under their control until World War I. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 and the Hejaz Railway in 1908 played a role in the city's gradual shift from a strategic center to a thriving tourism hub. Today, Aqaba is renowned for its world-class diving industry, proximity to Wadi Rum, and the awe-inspiring Ancient City of Petra.

Curating an Authentic Aqaba Experience

Aqaba offers a captivating blend of historical landmarks, vibrant shops, delectable restaurants, and charming cafes. With its year-round sunshine, the city provides a haven for those seeking warmth.  Summer temperatures can reach 40°C (104°F) between May and October, while November to April offers cooler weather.

A Journey Through Time: Historical Gems

* Aqaba Castle: Dominating the port area, this formidable structure was originally built by the Mamluks and further fortified during the Ottoman era. Apart from its defensive role, the castle served as a caravanserai (inn) for Muslim pilgrims. Explore the partially-intact stone structure adorned with inscriptions and relish the captivating sea views.

* The Ancient City of Petra:  Approximately 130 kilometers from Aqaba Airport lies Petra, the famed "Rose City" named for its rose-tinted sandstone architecture. Built as the capital of the Nabataean Kingdom, this ancient city was strategically carved into a narrow gorge, offering both defensive and commercial advantages. Petra's dramatic setting and magnificent structures earned it a place as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in 2007.

* Aqaba Church: Believed to be one of the oldest churches globally, this Christian structure dates back to the 3rd century. Though significantly damaged by an earthquake in the 4th century, the basilica-shaped structure remained partially intact, preserved by wind-blown sand until its rediscovery in 1998.

* The Old City (Early Islamic Aqaba): Unearthed in 1989, this area showcases the remnants of the early Islamic period. Originally surrounded by twenty-four towers and gates on all four sides, the western gate provided access to the Gulf of Aqaba.

Aqaba's Enchanting Natural Wonders

* Wadi Rum:  Just 70 kilometers from Aqaba Airport lies Wadi Rum, a captivating desert landscape widely regarded as one of the most stunning in the world.  The area's dramatic beauty has graced the silver screen in numerous films, including "Lawrence of Arabia," "Dune," and several Star Wars installments.  Explore this UNESCO World Heritage Site via camel or jeep tours, while adhering to conservation measures.

* Diving in the Red Sea:  The Gulf of Aqaba, an extension of the Red Sea, boasts some of the world's most esteemed diving sites.  Dive into a kaleidoscope of coral reefs teeming with marine life. Numerous Aqaba dive centers provide tours and diving courses for all experience levels.

Delve Deeper: Aqaba's Museums

Unveil Aqaba's fascinating history through its museums:

* Aqaba Heritage Museum: Located on the Great Arab Revolution Square, this museum showcases exhibits on Aqaba's history, culture, and lifestyle.

* Aqaba Archaeological Museum

* Jordan Maritime Museum

Ready to embark on your Aqaba adventure?

Visit Aqaba with Wonders Travel and Tourism, your trusted partner in crafting exceptional Jordanian experiences. Contact us today to start planning your unforgettable journey!

[travel-to-jordan]

Best attractions in Jordan: keep in your mind

What is the first thing that strikes your mind when you hear the word “Jordan”? Probably, you will be confused choosing what to visit because of it’s magnificent sites.  

Discover Jordan in brief 

Located at the heart of the Middle East, Jordan is one of the most preferred destinations for visitors worldwide. This amazing country is home to various archaeological sites, ancient wonders and breathtaking landscapes. From the historical capital of Amman to the enchanting site of Petra, Mount Nebo and the Dead Sea, connecting with the best travel agency in Jordan will allow you to have an unforgettable journey and delve into the immersive culture of this country.

Listing below the best attractions to visit while visiting Jordan: 

Petra: one of the Seven Wonders of the world.

The ancient city of Petra is one of Jordan’s national treasures and by far its best known tourist attraction. Petra is the legacy of the Nabataeans, an industrious Arab people who settled in southern Jordan more than 2,000 years ago. Admired then for its refined culture, massive architecture and ingenious complex of dams and water channels, Petra is a UNESCO World Heritages Site and one of the new Seven Wonders of the World. Inhabited by the Nabateans, Edomites and Romans, Petra brought together the knowledge and skill of these civilizations to create this world wonder. Caravans laden with incense, silks, spices and other exotic goods would rest at Petra.

The Dead Sea: The Salt Sea 

A spectacular natural wonder the Dead Sea is perfect for religious tourism and fun in the sun with the family. With its mix of beach living and religious history you can soak up the sun while Biblical scholars can get their daily dose of religious history. The leading attraction at the Dead Sea is the warm, soothing, super salty water itself – some ten times saltier than sea water, and rich in chloride salts of magnesium, sodium, potassium, bromine and several others. 

The unusually warm, incredibly buoyant and mineral-rich waters have attracted visitors since ancient times, including King Herod the Great and the beautiful Egyptian Queen, Cleopatra. All of whom have luxuriated in the Dead Sea’s rich, black, stimulating mud and floated effortlessly on their backs while soaking up the water’s healthy minerals along with the gently diffused rays of the Jordanian sun.

Wadi Rum: the valley of the moon.

“The Valley of the Moon”, depicted as Mars in several Hollywood feature films. Wadi Rum is an Arabian fairy-tale waiting to be discovered. Home to nomadic Bedouin tribes, Wadi Rum is a a quiet getaway of stars, sand, and sun; a perfect complement from Amman’s epicenter. Once inhabited by the Nabataeans of prehistoric times, Wadi Rum allows you to get lost in large landscapes and horizon lines. The calmness of the desert is sure calm your spirit and de-clutter your thoughts. Wadi Rum is waiting for you.

Amman: the capital city of Jordan.

Amman, the capital of Jordan, is a fascinating city of contrasts – a unique blend of old and new, situated on a hilly area between the desert and the fertile Jordan Valley. In the commercial heart of the city, ultra-modern buildings, hotels, smart restaurants, art galleries and boutiques rub shoulders comfortably with traditional coffee shops and tiny artisans’ workshops. Amman’s neighborhoods are diverse and range in cultural and historical context from hustle and bustle of the downtown markets to the art galleries of Jabal Lweibdeh and the modern shopping district of Abdali. 

Jerash: Roman’s Archeological Treasure 

Jerash is an amazing blend of Greco-Roman and Oriental influences. A great place to visit during the spring with its beautiful rolling hills and lush greenery, Jerash has a rhythm not seen anywhere else in Jordan. Also, every year Jerash hosts the Jerash Festival of Culture and Arts, a three week summer program filled with folk dance, music, and theatrical performances.

Dana Biosphere Reserve: land of hiking.

Dana Biosphere Reserve is an area of staggering beauty, history, and biodiversity. The only reserve in Jordan that encompasses the four different bio-geographical zones of the country (Mediterranean, Irano-Turanian, Saharo-Arabian and Sudanian), it is a melting pot of species from Europe, Africa and Asia. Such a combination of natural communities in a single area is unique in Jordan and many of Dana Biosphere Reserve’s animals and plants are very rare. So far, a total of 800 plant speciesand 449 animal species have been recorded in the Reserve, of which 25 are known to be endangered, including the Sand Cat, the Syrian Wolf, the Lesser Kestrel and the Spiny Tailed Lizard.

Umm Qais: Gadara the black basalt stone.

Site of the famous miracle of the Gadarene swine, Gadara was renowned in its time as a cultural centre. It was the home of several classical poets and philosophers, including Theodorus, founder of a rhetorical school in Rome, and was once called “a new Athens” by a poet. Perched on a splendid hilltop overlooking the Jordan Valley and the Sea of Galilee, Gadara is known today as Umm Qays, and boasts an impressive colonnaded street, a vaulted terrace, and the ruins of two theatres. You can take in the sights and then dine on the terrace of a fine restaurant with a breathtaking view. Pro-tip: While some tourists drive directly from Amman to Umm Qais, most take the opportunity to visit Jerash or Ajloun along the way.

As-Salt city: a UNESCO world heritage site.

Planning for the trip!!

Do you want to experience the luxury tours of Jordan like never before? Then look no further than YOLO Jordan Tours and Travel. We offer the best Jordan travel packages that will allow you to discover the enchanting hidden gems of this incredible country. From the historical sites of Amman to the breathtaking desert landscape of Wadi Rum, our expert guides will offer customised journey planning to let you experience an adventure you will never forget!

Click here to book your trip today!

[thehellsitenewsie]

AlUla: The Middle East's once inaccessible ancient wonder (BBC)

Set in a stunning valley, this ancient desert oasis has birthed flourishing civilisations. Now, after years of being closed to outsiders, it's starting to reveal its secrets.

As a photographer, I've always been drawn to the unique way that light in the desert stretches, bounces off the sand and rock and illuminates the plains. There is a stillness in these landscapes that I've come to crave, but I'm also fascinated by the relationships people build with deserts. In the Middle East, humans have found ways to survive and even thrive in these harsh environments for millennia, and perhaps nowhere is this ingenuity more evident than in one of the Arabian Peninsula's most significant cultural cradles: AlUla (sometimes written "al-Ula"). 

Set in the AlUla Valley amid the soaring sandstone and granite mountains of north-western Saudi Arabia's Hijaz region, this ancient desert oasis has supported human life for the past 200,000 years. The area's fertile soil and access to water amid the arid, mountainous desert helped multiple civilisations blossom. The Dadan and Lihyan kingdoms that flourished here between 800 and 100 BCE were followed by Hegra, an important city in the Nabataean civilisation whose capital, Petra, was located farther north, in modern-day Jordan. 

Yet, it wasn't until 2019 when Saudi Arabia began issuing tourist visas for non-religious travel that foreign visitors were able to witness this long closed-off and unexplored valley. Today, echoes of AlUla's long and mysterious past are everywhere, and as archaeologists slowly begin to uncover the many burial mounds, tombs and rock inscriptions scattered throughout AlUla's numerous sites, this ancient oasis is finally starting to reveal its secrets.

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[ancientorigins]

The impressive water channeling technology of the Nabataeans included ingenious methods for harnessing, maintaining, utilizing, and even purifying their water supply over 2,000 years ago. The construction of a complex system of aqueducts, terraces, dams, cisterns, and reservoirs, enabled their people and the city of Petra to thrive for many years in a harsh and unforgiving landscape.

[wondersmanmade]

Discover 100 Epic Man-Made Wonders Worldwide: 2024 Edition!

Let's explore 100 of the most epic man-made wonders across the globe in this 2024 edition! Buckle up, because we're going on a journey around the world to witness the incredible feats of human ingenuity and creativity.

The Great Wall of China: Stretching an astonishing 21,196 kilometers (13,171 miles) across mountains, deserts, and grasslands, the Great Wall snakes its way through China like a majestic dragon. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is a testament to China's rich history and resilience, and its awe-inspiring presence never fails to captivate visitors.

The Taj Mahal, India: One of the most recognizable buildings in the world, the Taj Mahal is a stunning white marble mausoleum built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife Mumtaz Mahal. Its intricate details, symmetrical gardens, and serene reflecting pool make it a true architectural marvel and a symbol of eternal love.

Chichen Itza, Mexico: This ancient Mayan city in the Yucatán Peninsula was once a thriving center of religious and political power. Its towering pyramids, temples, and ball courts offer a glimpse into the fascinating Mayan civilization and its advanced architectural and astronomical knowledge.

Machu Picchu, Peru: The "Lost City of the Incas" perched high in the Andes Mountains is a breathtaking example of Inca engineering and artistry. Its stonework, terraced fields, and temples blend seamlessly with the surrounding landscape, creating a mystical and unforgettable experience.

Petra, Jordan: Carved into sandstone cliffs in the Jordanian desert, Petra was once the capital of the Nabataean kingdom. Its intricate rock-cut architecture, including the iconic Treasury, amphitheater, and Siq entrance, is a testament to the skill and artistry of the Nabataean people.

The Colosseum, Rome: This elliptical amphitheater was once the center of gladiatorial combats and public spectacles in ancient Rome. Its imposing structure and well-preserved arches stand as a reminder of the Roman Empire's power and engineering prowess.

The Pyramids of Giza, Egypt: These ancient tombs, especially the Great Pyramid of Khufu, are some of the oldest and most impressive man-made structures in the world. Their precise mathematical calculations and astronomical alignments continue to baffle archaeologists and historians, adding to their mystique.

The Statue of Liberty, New York City: A symbol of freedom and hope for millions of immigrants, the Statue of Liberty stands tall on Liberty Island in New York Harbor. Its copper figure of Lady Liberty holding a torch and a book welcomes visitors from around the world.

Angkor Wat, Cambodia: This sprawling temple complex in Cambodia was the religious and political center of the Khmer Empire for centuries. Its intricate carvings, towering gopuras, and serene atmosphere make it a masterpiece of Khmer art and architecture.

Neuschwanstein Castle, Germany: Perched on a rugged hill in Bavaria, Neuschwanstein Castle is a fairytale-like palace that inspired Walt Disney's Sleeping Beauty Castle. Its turrets, bridges, and Wagnerian themes reflect the eccentric tastes of King Ludwig II and continue to enchant visitors

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[shayanmotamedi]

Top Attractions for Travelers Visiting Jordan

Jordan is a land sacred to many faiths. Located east of Jerusalem, it provides religiously significant places for Christians, Muslims, and Jews. According to the Bible, Moses glimpsed the Promised Land from one of Jordan's mountains before his death. Today, pilgrims visit this same peak to honor Moses and follow in his footsteps.

Amman, Jordan's vibrant capital, showcases a fusion of antiquity and modernity. The cityscape features striking skyscrapers that contrast beautifully with traditional gold-domed mosques. Must-see attractions include the massive Roman amphitheater where grand events were once held, surviving pillars from the Temple of Hercules, and ruins from the 4th century Umayyad palace. Venturing to the so-called Rainbow Street in downtown Amman immerses visitors in the bustling cafes, restaurants, and vibrant nightlife.

Over an hour from Amman lies Jerash, home to some of the most impressive Roman ruins in the Eastern world. Once called Gerasa, this city features paved roads and treasures such as the decorative columns of the Roman Forum and Temple of Zeus, best viewed from the summit. Ongoing excavations have uncovered much of this white-stone city, giving a rare glimpse into the Roman times. Other sites include the Grand Hadrian's Arch entranceway, the Hippodrome arena for chariot races, and the Jerash Museum.

The ancient city of Petra, once the capital of the Nabataean Kingdom over 2,000 years ago, is Jordan's top attraction. Also called the Red City due to its sandstone surroundings, Petra earned UNESCO World Heritage Site status for its immense historical and archaeological value. This entire city was carved out of rose-colored cliffs, revealing stunning architecture.

Visitors pass through a narrow kilometer-long gorge with towering rust-colored walls called the Siq, which leads to the iconic treasure-inspired facade of ad-Deir, also known as The Monastery. Beyond The Monastery lies a sprawling expanse of temples, tombs, theaters, and other structures sculpted from rose-red rock.

In southern Jordan, Wadi Rum is a stunning desert valley that captivates visitors with its vast sandstone and granite cliffs, striking landscapes, and towering rock formations spanning the horizon. This unique setting offers adventurous travelers and hikers one of the top rock-climbing spots in the region. Visitors can also explore the desert expanse on camelback tours and sleep under the starry skies while camping overnight. A full day spent amidst the scenery lets guests witness the changing hues of the rust-toned rocks as the sun travels across the sky.

Nestled high in northern Jordan's hills overlooking the Sea of Galilee is the lush town of Umm Qais, also called Gadara. Its green landscape stands distinct from the surrounding desert environs. Within it lies well-preserved ruins spanning many eras, including Roman-era streets and two impressive theaters.

The town's main attractions are the hilltop vistas showcasing sweeping views of the Jordan Valley, Galilee Lake, Syria, and Israel. Biblically, Umm Qais is known as the location where Jesus once cast out demons from two men into a herd of pigs, as recounted in the passage of the "Miracle of the Gadarene Swine."

No trip to Jordan is complete without visiting the Dead Sea. As the lowest point on land globally, over 1200 feet below sea level, this geographical marvel derives its name from the lack of marine life. Its high-saline waters permit bathing visitors to float effortlessly while enjoying the scenery. Visitors can also indulge in rejuvenating experiences such as soaking in mineral-dense waters or applying its therapeutic mud, renowned for detoxifying and exfoliating properties. Leisurely boat rides across the sea's calming surface while absorbing expansive views offer visitors an even more indulgent encounter.

[rabbitcruiser]

Johann Ludwig Burckhardt became the first modern European to lay eyes on the ancient Nabataean city of Petra on August 22, 1812.