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online-jee-coaching · 2 years

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Best btech college in rajasthan

Most students are worried before getting admission in any professional courses like B.Tech. As this is a job-oriented educational program, thus everyone wants to get admission to the best college so that they could get a quality education and the finest placement. If you belong to Jaipur then here are the details of the top 10 B.Tech Colleges of Jaipur, Rajasthan that will help you while choosing the best.

UEM Jaipur -

UEM is the no. 1 institute for getting admission in B.Tech Course. The college is well-known for its education and infrastructure. It got its reputation as the best btech college in Rajasthan.

When it comes to engineering schools in Rajasthan, UEM is one of the institutions. UEM has held a top spot in India's higher technical education for more than 10 years. People from all around India travel here as a result, which gives them access to prospects for overseas

placement. The National Assessment and Accreditation Council have granted the institution accreditation (NAAC).

The finest engineering institution for B.Tech programmes in Jaipur, Rajasthan, according to placement statistics, highly qualified faculty, and campus atmosphere, is UEM College of Engineering & IT.

2. Vivekananda Institute of Technology-

In India, a select handful of institutions offer engineering education, including the Vivekananda Institute of Technology in Jaipur. The Vivekananda Institute of Technology in Jaipur takes pride in its thriving community. It is a place where people come to study technologies and management skills and accomplish their professional aspirations. At the Vivekananda Institute of Technology in Jaipur, literacy is "delightful," as students and professors work together to make a difference by persevering and finding intellectual satisfaction.

3. Poornima University-

Rajasthan's Poornima University (PU) is a Leading Private University recognized by the UGC. The institution is situated in a 32 Acre spacious, lush green area in Sitapura, the educational hub of Jaipur. Modern university buildings with autonomous academic and administrative buildings, hostels, laboratories, a sports field, an overlook, etc. provide a scholarly atmosphere for learning and freedom. In order to attract fashionable students to the fiercely competitive worldwide marketplace, it provides a welcoming and defensive landscape with a professional attitude.

4. MJRP College of Engineering-

In 1993, Mahatma Jyoti Rao Phoole emerged as a school in Jaipur, Rajasthan, with a mandate to carry out women's education. The group was given its name in honor of Mahatma Jyoti Rao Phoole, a social leftist who fought for women's equality. He advocated for women's education and worked tirelessly to bring about social change for the society's marginalized and depressed groups.

5. The LNM Institute of Information Technology-

A charitable trust established by the steel baron Mr. Lakshmi N. Mittal is known as the Lakshmi & Usha Mittal Foundation. It is involved in a range of humanitarian initiatives for aid, recovery, socio-economic development, and education. The Foundation has a unique focus on education.

Together with the Rajasthani government, it established the LNM IIT in Jaipur. The goal of this huge, well-regarded institution is to become a top-tier centre of excellence.

6. Arya Group of Colleges-

The All India Arya Samajis Society for Advanced & Technical Education, headed by the author chairman Er. ShriT.K. Agarwal, a great visionary from Roorkee University who always held the view that "masterminds Build The Nation," was founded in 1999. He founded Rajasthan's first private engineering college in his pursuit of fame and pride. Through his leadership, more than 150 private engineering colleges were established, and Rajasthan state was transformed into a hub for information technology in North India.

7. VGU Jaipur-

One of the top private universities in Jaipur is Vivekananda Global University. At VGU, there are many opportunities for students to grow on both the personal and professional fronts. In the category of education, research, and building sustainability, VGU has recently been nominated for numerous awards and titles. Being only eight years old, VGU has already established thousands of marks and is now India's fastest-growing university.

8. JECRC University-

The campus of JECRC University is located in Jaipur, the renowned tourist destination and commercial hub of Rajasthan in northwest India.

The 32-acre JU lot creates the ideal literary ecology by merging distinctive classical architecture with a well-planned layout and landscape. The property is close to Jaipur's highly artificial and institutional centre and has excellent access to all areas of the enormous city.

9. SKIT College Jaipur

Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan (SKIT), founded in 2000 by technophiles and directors of the Society for Advanced Learning and Gramothan, was inspired by Swami Keshvanand's literacy. The institution is recognized as one of Northern India's premier academic hubs. For the purpose of offering graduate and postgraduate courses in engineering and management, the Institute has partnered with Rajasthan Technical University, Kota. For the purpose of providing graduate-level pharmacy courses, our family's Swami Keshvanand Institute of Pharmacy (SKIP) has partnered with Rajasthan University of Health Lores.

10. MNIT College -

As one of the founding NITs, the institution has a strong history of producing world-class innovators, directors, engineers, and scientists for the past 60 years.

The institute, which is now ranked 37th nationwide in the NIRF ranking, provides learning opportunities for experimenters, postgraduate students, and undergraduate students in several fields. This institute is home to some of the best minds in the nation. It consistently ranks in the top five NITs based on average all India admission ranks, and it had a different place among all NITs with the opening of all India admission ranks in 2021–22.

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pandyachetank-blog · 5 years

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Advocate in Ahmedabad, Top 10 Lawyers in the World

Chetan K Pandya is world famous top 10 Criminal Lawyers and best Advocates in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, Rajasthan, India for legal services like Divorce & Criminal Cases, PMLA, GST Bail Matters, top 3 High Court Bail, Pasa Jail Matters, Family Advocate, Custom Bail in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, Rajasthan, India

#Advocate in Ahmedabad #op 10 Lawyers in the World #Top Lawyer in India #Best lawyer in Ahmedabad #Best lawyer in Rajasthan #Lawyer in Ahmedabad #Famous Lawyers in Ahmedabad #List of Advocates in Ahmedabad High Court #Advocate in Rajasthan #India Top Advocate List #Top High Court Advocate in India #Top Advocate in Rajasthan #Top 3 Advocate in Rajasthan #Top Advocate in India #Advocate for Criminal Cases in Rajasthan #Criminal Advocate in India #Advocate for Criminal Cases in Gujarat #Best Criminal Lawyer in Rajasthan

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indianpolsoc · 4 years

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FC Barcelona and the Indian National Congress: The uncanny resemblance

The following is a piece by Anunay Chowdhury. Anunay is a second-year student of Law at King’s College London.

Perhaps this is the strangest analogy that you would read today. FC Barcelona and Indian National Congress do not have any substantial similarity but, atypically, two of the most prominent organizations in their respective fields have much more in common than one would expect. The exit of a brilliant Brazilian player, Neymar in 2015 made Barcelona vulnerable and has been witnessing some of the most embarrassing moments in the club’s modern history. On the other side, the Indian National Congress is barely keeping up in the wake of Bhartiya Janta Party’s dominance in the national scene. A closer look at two organizations, who operate in two very distinct professions may reveal a similar flaw.

The recent headlines have put the Grand Old Party on a very fragile tactical ground. After the episodes in Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh, Indian National Congress is trying to salvage whatever remains of its minuscule repute in the state of Rajasthan. Sachin Pilot, a next-gen leader of the Indian National Congress and has been rumoured to be in direct conflict with local state leadership. He had single-handedly helped INC win the Rajasthan state elections in 2018. In 2015, INC only won on 21 seats out 200 in Rajasthan. The number increased to 100 seats in the 2018 election. Post his absence from the state Indian National Congress meeting; he has been dishonourably relieved from his duty as the INC Rajasthan President. As a mitigating response, the party leadership has called all the MLAs to gather in a fancy resort to contain the horse-trading from the other side – somehow the epistemology of this idea always escapes me. There were widespread rumours that Sachin Pilot was denied CMship in 2018 after the so-called resurgence of the Indian National Congress in the national scene after the near-lethal drubbing of INC after the 2014 national and state election.

The story of FC Barcelona of 2019, however coincidently, mirrors the near demise of Indian National Congress in the Indian political landscape. The FC Barcelona is the 2nd biggest club in the world by revenue - 2nd only to the national rival Real Madrid. Despite having, inarguably, the best player in the history of football, FC Barcelona has only been consistent in their dreary and insipid football. Under their former manager Pep Guardiola, FC Barcelona played one of the best football and embraced much of the identity for which they were known till date. The oozing display of possession and creativity has now decayed into relentless horizontal passing with no intent to threaten the opposing side. Almost all of their offensive movement goes through Lionel Messi, who in his day can still manage to outperform all the of the rest of the players on the field. Managers still fail to draw tactics to contain a single player in a game of 22. Lionel Messi has been, for the past two years, in a Super-Saiyan mode and has been dragging Barcelona alone. But the miracle-man still plays a team game, despite creating havoc on the field, the rules of the game remain the same – one who scores more will win. The ageing squad of FC Barcelona and dystopian management is at the core of the problem. Messi is himself 32, and he has to respect the biological limit of his body. Eight of the 20-player squad is above the age of 30. On average, 5 of the ten outfield players in a match are above the age of 30. The team does not have a classical wing player and depends on newly promoted 18-year-old Ansu Fati for occasional help. The team often seems confused and static and depend only on Lionel Messi to produce an opening for an attack. The management has spent more than 800 million pounds after the exit of the star player Neymar. Amidst the race to replace Neymar, FC Barcelona nearly killed the career of Phillipe Coutinho who joined Barcelona on the premise of winning big trophies. He has, since then, seen his former club, Liverpool FC, win everything that he was meant to win at FC Barcelona.

The ageing squad has run out of ideas, strength and passion for competing at a higher level. The manager seems reluctant to preclude ageing players due to their enormity of stature in the team. Management is disinclined to allow youth players into the first team. There seems to be a kind of hegemony of older players which undermines the managerial authority in the team selection process. Imbecilic man-management lead to expenditure on players that do not fit the requirement of the team. Barcelona is often seen succumbing to the pressure by other teams if they press high or lay deep back in defence. It only exposes off the field leadership in the hierarchy of players.

In short, Barcelona does not inspire confidence among fans, like me, that they can compete with the likes of Bayern Munich, Manchester City, Liverpool and Real Madrid. As long as they are dependent on just one man supplemented with their boring and dull tactics, lack of speed on the wings, midfielders not having freedom and creativity to anchor attacks, Barcelona is doing just everything to fall into oblivion like AC Milan and Manchester United. Fans have nothing but to sporadically orgasm on historical achievements of the club.

That surely rings a bell. The story of the Indian National Congress is the same. The recent ousting of Sachin Pilot from the Rajasthan state wing of the Indian National Congress has been linked to the weakened relations with the current Chief Minister of Rajasthan Ashok Gehlot. Some political analyst speculates that the souring relationship is due to the growing prominence of Sachin Pilot in the Rajasthan cadre of the Indian National Congress. Ashok Gehlot felt threatened due to diminishing prospect of his son growing in the ranks of the Indian National Congress in Rajasthan. Previously, Ashok Gehlot’s push to favour his son for the post of Rajasthan Cricket Association had created a concern for the local leaders of the party[1]. This is not the first time we have seen that despotic top tier party members exercise influence over the party decisions resulting in neglecting deserving candidates.

In recent times, the progression of the local leaders to the higher posts in the party has become a big concern. Much of the consternation is due to the power-hungry party veteran that does not let grassroot-workers to climb up the ladder. Former spokesperson of the party Sanjay Jha had penned the same concern in recent columns in Times of India. Instead of introspection, party discharged Sanjay Jha of his duties. He grew very critical of the lack of transparency in the internal party matters[2]. As for the matter of corroboration, he further wrote that his colleagues in the party expressed appreciation that he raised a very pertinent issue but simultaneously was left aghast by the lack of public support[3].

The leadership vacuum is another major problem. It emanates explicitly from the fact that Rahul Gandhi does not understand politics – plain and simple. Recklessness aside, BJP installed LCD TVs in the remotest of the areas in West Bengal during the Covid-19 pandemic for Amit Shah’s virtual rally for the upcoming West Bengal state elections. As against, Rahul Gandhi uploaded a video on Facebook critiquing Modi’s policies only to realise that around 70% of the voters in the elections do not have access to Facebook. Some student in 2017 wrote to Guinness Book of World Record to enlist Rahul Gandhi as the man who lost most elections [4]. He assumed the responsibility of the President in 2017 from his mother, Sonia Gandhi. After the 2019 Lok Sabha election, as Salman Khan would choke on 21st-century film-making after watching likes of Inception, Rahul Gandhi could barely fathom the enormity of the loss. As a response, Rahul Gandhi resigned from the post of President and submitted the letter of resignation to his mother, who has since taken charge instead. Initially, Sonia Gandhi was reluctant to accept the resignation but accepted it eventually. Rahul Gandhi was projected as the Prime Ministerial candidate of the Indian National Congress. The man has not held any administrative post in his entire life and managed to lose his constituency of Amethi, Uttar Pradesh was is nearly considered to be the family heirloom of the Gandhi’s. INC won 13 out of the 15 Lok Sabha elections that were held in Amethi before 2019 Lok Sabha election. The seat has been previously held by Rahul Gandhi’s father and mother – Rajiv Gandhi and Sonia Gandhi. These days, the former President of the INC has been reduced to memes and a universal symbol of political comic relief. In the times of alleged historical appropriation by Bhartiya Janta Party, Rahul Gandhi can be seen invoking his great grandfather – Jawaharlal Nehru, advocating on his behalf about the magnificence of his stature and his contribution to building modern India. Rahul Gandhi is nowhere near the acclaim of Jawaharlal Nehru. If resuscitated, Nehru would prefer going back to his grave than to witness the abysmal result of his progeny.

It is not the first time that the politicians are jumping the ships but what is surprising in the case of INC is the level of leadership and how they quit. Jyotiraditya Scindia was not any other leader in the Indian National Congress. He had a firm grip on the central Madhya Pradesh constituencies and had the support of 22 MLA’s while quitting the INC. As the media outlets reported, he grew discontented by the INC leadership or lack of it. Part of leadership is to maintain a close grip on prominent regional leaders and to make sure that their efforts are reciprocated. Despite delivering, Scindia did not feel having an essential role in the Madhya Pradesh government.

Once the beacon of freedom and liberty, the Indian National Congress is now in complete shambles and has been showing every symptom of an imminent implosion. The party has run out of ideas and lacks a democratic structure internally. All the next-gen leaders that were given an early opportunity by the INC, Like Sachin Pilot, Jyotiraditya Scindia, Milind Deora, Priya Dutt and Jitin Prasada seems to have only cemented their resolute against Sonia-Rahul hegemony over INC. The party has no one to blame but itself for its fallout with leaders like Jyotiraditya Scindia and Sachin Pilot. Rahul Gandhi is not a leader and can never be a leader, in the race of gladiators; he is merely a loony tune character.

Indian National Congress needs to revamp its internal structure to revive confidence among the party members and local party workers. The party needs a leader with inherent qualities to man-manage the party to march them forward. It is running out of time to be trying to groom and spoon feed a baby adult into believing that he is a leader. The party requires a more liberated federal structure. A fresh approach to reach masses at grassroot level is the need of the hour. If there is any chance for INC to salvage anything before the 2023 election, the time is of the essence. In the period from 1998 till today, INC has had only two presidents irrespective of the result as against Bhartiya Janta Party has had ten presidents in the same period. While the one is a beacon of democratic liberal values and the other one is regarded as a fascist organization. The party has to look beyond the clutches of the Rahul-Sonia leadership. An apposite effort-reward equation has to be set among the party lines, so the deserving candidates have necessary means to prove their mettle. The communication divide between the so-called “High Command” has to be bridged by delegation and more transparency.

FC Barcelona presidentship is up for elections in 2021 with the leading candidate, Victor Font promising a bright project including bringing back Xavi Hernandez, one of the leading squad member of 2011 Barcelona squad and a close apprentice of Pep Guardiola, as the head coach of the team. Xavi promises to bring back the electrifying football of FC Barcelona with particular reliance on youth and academy players. It remains to be seen what Indian National Congress would do to stop leakage of prominent next-gen leaders out of the party. How congress party will approach the 2023 general election would set the tone for the ultimate future of the party.

[1] https://theprint.in/politics/ashok-gehlot-son-rajasthan-cricket-congress/300861/

[2] https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/sanjay-jha-removed-as-congress-spokesperson-days-after-he-penned-critical-article-against-party/story-cHG4SZysgjtHKqTt1vWouO.html

[3] https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/toi-edit-page/congressmen-watching-silently-as-party-hurtles-towards-political-obsolescence/

[4] https://www.business-standard.com/article/politics/rahul-gandhi-might-make-it-to-guinness-book-for-losing-27-elections-117032100523_1.html

#politics #sports #articles

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zhlrajasthan · 3 years

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ZHL Rajasthan - Why Employers Should Pay Attention to Their Employees’ Mental Health?

Mental health and wellbeing are increasingly being recognised as important issues in society and the workplace. But are employers really doing enough to support employees or is it becoming more of a ‘tick box’ culture?

Ziqitza understands the concerns related to Mental health which have become a top priority for employers over the last few years and with good reason. Conditions such as anxiety and depression can cost the global economy $1 trillion each year in lost productivity, according to the World Health Organization.

Large employers are boosting mental health resources as they recognize the strain the pandemic is putting on their employees. Two-thirds of employees report that poor mental health has undercut their job performance during the COVID-19 pandemic, and 40% of employees are battling burnout. Employees may be working relentlessly amid economic uncertainty with few social outlets, and possibly juggling childcare to boot, eviscerating any separation between work and the rest of their life.

Ziqitza Rajasthan found that promoting employee mental health at work is crucial if employers want to attract and retain committed employees. Almost half of employees 45.6% would look to move jobs if their employer didn’t provide enough support in relation to their mental health.

Mental health encompasses our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and act. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), mental health is defined as a state of well-being in which every individual realises his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community.

Dr. Datar, Ziqitza Healthcare says depression and anxiety are two of the commonest mental disorders that affect our ability to work, and productively. A recent study led by WHO found that more than 300 million people around the world suffer from depression and another 260 million from anxiety, with many living with both conditions and that such disorders cost the global economy $1 trillion in lost productivity each year.

Ziqitza Rajasthan & ZHL Rajsthan understands the impact of work alone on personal identity, self-esteem, and social recognition is hard to measure, most mental health professionals today agree that the workplace environment can have a significant impact on an individual’s mental well-being. Given that we spend half of our waking hours at work, our experience in the workplace is unsurprisingly one of the most influential factors to our mental health.

People don’t visit mental health counselors when dealing with debilitating work stress. Some feel therapy is too expensive, and for some treatment doesn’t fit into their schedules. As a result, the modern workforce is suffering in silence. Here’s where Ziqitza Corporate Wellness Solutions help your employee stay fit mentally and physically. Where your employees can get easy access to the Doctor on Site or Doctor on call available for counseling.

Ziqitza Limited has observed as organizations become more open to publicly talking about employee mental health, organizations can do their part in promoting positive mental health by becoming an advocate. Set manageable work hours, train supervisors to lead in a successful manner, have mental health resources readily available, and promote healthy living. When employees feel happy and healthy, they are able to work to the best of their ability. Moreover, satisfied workers exude the very culture your organization breeds, so take care of your staff and they will take care of you.

Benefits Of Prioritizing Your Employees’ Mental Health

Researchers found mental illnesses like depression, stress, and anxiety to be just as debilitating as some organic medical diseases like arthritis. This is why it’s important to create an environment that promotes mental well-being and provides resources and benefits for employees with such illnesses.

Some benefits of doing so include:

1. Reduced Sick Absenteeism: You’d be surprised at the percentage of employees who call in sick when they’re too depressed to get out of bed. Sick absenteeism causes repercussions like reduced pay. A better workplace encourages more people to come to work instead of avoiding it, reducing the percentage of absenteeism.

2. Better Work Output: We all know that mental illnesses can be disabling and make it hard to find motivation. Employees with mental illnesses may not be able to put in their full effort at work, and after a while, it could affect their work quality. Prioritizing your employees’ mental health can help improve their work output.

3. Healthy Employer-Employee Relationships: Who doesn’t want to work in a friendly environment, free of hostility and toxicity? Such a situation can only be achieved if you convey to your employees that their well-being is important.

Although mental health services have to be multidimensional to be effective, the workplace is an appropriate and important environment in which to educate individuals about mental health problems. Employee mental health can make all the difference in the bottom line of the company. Take care of the mental health of your team, and make your company prosper.

#Ziqitza #ZiqitzaHealthcare #ZiqitzaHealthcareltd #ZiqitzaRajasthan #ZiqitzaLimited #ZHLRajasthan #ZiqitzaLimitedRajasthan

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ziqitzahealthcare · 3 years

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ZHL Rajasthan - Why Employers Should Pay Attention to Their Employees' Mental Health?

Benefits Of Prioritizing Your Employees’ Mental Health

Researchers found mental illnesses like depression, stress, and anxiety to be just as debilitating as some organic medical diseases like arthritis. This is why it's important to create an environment that promotes mental well-being and provides resources and benefits for employees with such illnesses.

Some benefits of doing so include:

#Ziqitza #ZiqitzaHealthcare #ZiqitzaHealthcareltd #ZiqitzaRajasthan #ZiqitzaLimited #ZHLRajasthan #ZiqitzaLimitedRajasthan

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margdarsanme · 4 years

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NCERT Class 12 Political Science (India) Chapter 4 India’s External Relations

NCERT Class 12 Political Science Solutions (India Since Independence)

Chapter 4 India’s External Relations

TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED : Q 1. Write ‘True’ or ‘False’ against each of these statements. (a) Non-alignment allowed India to gain assistance both from USA and USSR. (b) India’s relationship with her neighbours has been strained from the beginning. (c) The cold war has affected the relationship between India and Pakistan. (d) The treaty of Peace and Friendship in 1971 was the result of India’s closeness to USA.

Answer: (a) True; (b) True; (c) True; (d) False. Q 2. Match the following:

Answer: (a)—(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i). Q 3. Why did Nehru regard conduct of foreign relations as an essential indicator of independence? State any two reasons with examples to support your reading.

Answer. 1. India decided to conduct its foreign relations with respect to sovereignty of other nations and maintain peace and security through mutual cooperation to be reflected in the Directive Principles of State Policy on Article 51 of constitution 2. India always advocated the policy of Non-alignment, made efforts to reduce cold war tensions and contributed human resources to UN peace keeping operations. 3. Hence, India took independent stand and got assistance from members of both the blocs. Q 4. “The conduct of foreign affairs is an outcome of a two-way interaction between domestic compulsions and prevailing international climate”. Take one example from India’s external relations in the 1960s to substantiate your answer.

Answer: The statement is justified to maximum extent to be proved during ‘Sino-Indian Conflict of 1962’ to dent India’s image at home and international level, India had to approach the Americans and the British for military assistance to tide over the issues. The Soviet Union remained neutral during the conflict: (i) All the occurrings, created a sense of national humiliation but strengthened a spirit of nationalism also on the other hand. (ii) Pt. Nehru was also criticised for his naive assessment of Chinese intentions and lack of military preparedness. (iii) Political mood of country began to change, when no-confidence motion against Nehru moved in and debated in Lok-Sabha. (iv) ‘Sino-Indian Conflict’ splitted the Communist Party of India in 1964s split fraction formed communist party of India (CPI-M). (v) Besides, the war with China alerted Indian leadership to volatile situation in the North east region. (vi) Apart from being isolated and extremely underdeveloped, this region posed the challenge of national integration in front of India. Q 5. Identify any two aspects of India’s foreign policy that you would like to retain and two that you would like to change, if you were to become a decision maker. Give reasons to support your position.

Answer:

Two Aspects to be Supported: 1. India always maintained her dignity and image of a peace loving country by taking initiatives to bring about equality and understanding among the nations i.e. India supported to end Korean War in 1953, French rule in China, US role in Vietnam. 2. India’s initiatives for Non¬alignment are also appreciable for the maintenance of mutual understanding and security. During post cold war era also, NAM had become an effective tool to make the Security Council more effective and democratic.

Two Aspects to be Changed: 1. In the course of decade of 1962-72, India faced three wars and its peaceful image played a very limited role. 2. Conflict with neighbouring countries like China and Pakistan derailed India’s concept of regional co¬operation under SAARC. Hence, India must adopt diplomatic and defensive postures in its foreign policy to maintain its independent entity. Q 6. Write short notes on the following: (a) India’s nuclear policy (b) Consensus in foreign policy matters

Answer:

(a) India’s Nuclear Policy: 1. India advocates no first use and reiterates India’s commitment to global verifiable on non-discriminatory nuclear disarmament loading to a nuclear weapon free world. 2. Pt. Nehru always promoted ’ science and technology to build a modern India, i.e. initiated nuclear programme in the late 1940s under the guidance of Homi J. Bhoba. 3. India was against nuclear weapons, hence pleaded many nuclear disarmament with superpowers. 4. India always considered NPT as discriminatory and refused to sign on it. 5. Even India’s first Nuclear Test in May 1974 was termed as a peaceful explosion and India argued to use nuclear power for peaceful purposes only.

(6) Consensus in Foreign Policy Matters: 1. Pt. Nehru played a crucial role in the architecture of setting National Agenda for foreign policy. 2. Both as a Prime Minister and foreign minister he played profound influence in the formulation and implementation of India’s foreign policy from 1946 to 1964. 3. When different parties came to power from time to time, foreign policy of India played a limited role in party politics. Q 7.India’s foreign policy was built around the principles of peace and cooperation. But India fought three wars in a space of ten years between 1962 and 1971. Would you say that this was a failure of the foreign policy? Or would you say that this was a result of international situation? Give reasons to support your answer.

Answer: No, this was not the failure of foreign policy but this was a result of international situation:

1. The Chinese Invasion 1962: (a) Serious conflict arose when China annexed Tibet in 1950 and removed a historical buffer between two nation, and India did not oppose this openly. (b) India grew uneasy, when China began to suppress Tibetan Culture. (c) Another border dispute arose when China claimed Aksai Chin area and NEFA (much of the state in Arunachal Pradesh) within the Indian territory. (id) Despite long term correspondence and discussions, these issues have not been resolved even by top leaders of country. (e) Hence, India had to indulge in the conflict.

2. War with Pakistan: (a) A serious armed conflict between two countries began in 1965 with the initiative of Pakistan over Kashmir partition. (b) In 1966, the hostilities came to an end with the UN intervention and Tashkent Agreement signed between Indian Prime Minister Lai Bahadur Shastri and Pakistan’s General Ayub Khan. (c) The 1965 War added to India’s already difficult economic situation.

3. Bangladesh War of 1971: (a) In 1970, Pakistan faced its biggest crisis in the way for a split verdict i.e. Zulficar Ali Bhutto’s Party emerged as winner in West Pakistan while Awami league led by “Sheikh Mujibur- Rehman” swept through East Pakistan. (b) The Bengali population of East Pakistan had voted to protest against discriminatory attitude of West Pakistan, which was not acceptable to West Pakistan rulers. (c) In 1971, Pakistani army arrested Sheikh Mujib and unleashed a region of terror on East Pakistan. This started people’s struggle to liberate Bangladesh from Pakistan. (d) India had to bear 80 lakh refugees who fled from East Pakistan to take shelter. Hence, India had to extend moral and : material support to the freedom struggle in Bangladesh. (e) A full scale war between India and Pakistan in December 1971 broke out, when Pakistan attacked on Punjab and Rajasthan to be retaliated an attack from India. (f) Within ten days the Indian army surrounded Dhaka and Pakistan had to surrender with Bangladesh as a free country, India declared a unilateral ceasefire and Shimla Agreement was signed between India and Pakistan in 1972. (g) Most people in India saw this moment as a glory of India and a clear sign of India’s growing military powers. Q 8. Does India’s foreign policy reflect her desire to be an important regional power? Argue your case with the Bangladesh war of 1971 as an example.

Answer: Bangladesh War 1971: (a) In 1970, Pakistan faced its biggest crisis in the way for a split verdict i. e. Zulficar Ali Bhutto’s Party emerged as winner in West Pakistan while Awami League led by ‘Sheikh Mujibur-Rehman’ swept through East Pakistan. (b) The Bengali population of East Pakistan had voted to protest against discriminatory attitude of west Pakistan which was not acceptable to west Pakistan rulers. (c) In 1971, Pakistani army arrested Sheikh Mujib and unleashed a reign of terror on East Pakistan. This started people’s struggle to liberate Bangladesh from Pakistan. (d) India had to bear 80 lakh refugees who fled from East Pakistan to take shelter. Hence, India had to extend moral and material support to the freedom struggle in Bangladesh. (e) A full scale war between India and Pakistan in December 1971 broke out, when Pakistan attacked on Punjab and Rajasthan to be retaliated an attack from India. if) Within ten days the Indian army surrounded Dhakan and Pakistan had to surrender with Bangladesh as a free country, India declared a unilateral ceasefire and Shimla Agreement was signed between India and Pakistan in 1972. (f) Most people in India saw this moment as a glory of India and a dear sign of India’s growing military powers. On the above mentioned reference, we may conclude “Yes’. India’s foreign Policy reflects her desire to be an important regional power which was revealed during the Bangladesh war of 1971. Yes, India’s foreign policy reflects her desire to be an important regional power which was revealed during the Bangladesh war of 1971. Q 9. How does political leadership of a nation affect its foreign policy? Explain this with the help of examples from India’s foreign policy.

Answer: Foreign policy of any country is the mirror of national interests as in India: 1. During non-congress government in 1977, Janata Party announced to follow non-alignment genuinely. This implied that the pro-Soviet tilt in foreign policy will be corrected. Since then, all governments took initiatives to restore better relations with China and entered into close ties with the US. 2. In Post 1990 period the ruling parties were criticised for their pro-US foreign policy. During this period Russia had lost its global pre¬eminence despite it has been India’s good friend. Hence, India’s foreign policy shifted to a more pro-US strategy. 3. Besides, the contemporary international situation is also more influenced by economic interests than military interests so made an impact on India’s foreign policy i. e. Indo-Pakistan relations have witnessed new developments. Q 10. Read the Passage: “Broadly, non-alignment means not tying yourself off with military blocs… It means trying to view things, as far as possible, not from the military point of view, though that has to come in sometimes, but independently, and trying to maintain friendly relations with all countries”. —-Jawaharlal Nehru (a) Why does Nehru want to keep off military blocs? (b) Do you think that the Indo-Soviet friendship treaty violated the principle of non-alignment? Give reasons for your answer, (c) If there were no military blocs, do you think non-alignment would have been unnecessary?

Answer: (a) Nehru wanted to keep off military blocs to maintain friendly and peaceful relation with all nations of world as well as to maintain India’s uniqueness at international stage. (b) No, the Indo-Soviet friendship treaty did not violate non-alignment because it was not to maintain military relations but to maintain diplomatic friendly relations. . (c) NAM emphasises on disarmament, decolonisation and terrorism except staying away from military blocs.

Very Short Answer Type Questions [ 1 Mark]

Q 1. What is foreign policy?

Answer: Foreign policy of a nation reflects ^systematic statements of national interests alongwith the interplay of domestic and external factors. Q 2. I n which context India started participating in the world affairs as an independent nation state?

Answer: Due to: 1. British government left the legacy of many international disputes. 2. Priority to the poverty alleviation. 3. Pressures created by the partition. Q 3. Why did India not sign Nuclear Non-proliferation treaty?

Answer: Because India considered the NPT as discriminatory policy to argue it to be used for peaceful purposes only. Q 4. What was Bandung conference?

Answer: Bandung conference was held in 1955 in Indonesia as an Afro-Asian conference to lead an establishment of NAM and to mark the engagement of India with African and Asian nations. Q 5. Mention the Article of Indian constitution to promote international peace and security.

Answer: Article 51 to lay down some Directive Principles of State Policy. Q 6. Which step was the beginning of Indo¬china’s strong relationship?

Answer: Panchsheel, the five principles of peaceful co-existance signed in 1954.

Very Short Answer Type Questions [2 Marks]

Q 1. How did the Sino-Indian conflict affect the opposition also?

Answer: The Sino-Indian conflicts affected the opposition as well. This and the growing rift between China and the Soviet Union created irreconcilable differences within the Communist Party of India (CPI). The pro-USSR faction remained within the CPI and moved towards closer ties with the Congress. The other faction was for sometime closer to China and was against any ties with the Congress. The party split in 1964 and the leaders of the later faction formed the Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M). In the wake of the China War, many leaders of CPI(M) were arrested for being pro¬China. Q 2. Which two differences between India and China led to an army conflict in 1962?

Answer: (i) Serious conflict arose when China annexed Tibet in 1950 and removed a historical buffer between two nation and India did not oppose this openly. (ii) Another border dispute arose when China claimed Aksai Chin Area and NEFA (much of the state in Arunachal Pradesh) within the . Indian territory. Q 3. Highlight the contribution made by Pt. J.L. Nehru to the foreign policy of India.

Answer: (i) India’s initiatives for non-alignment for maintenance of mutual understanding and security. (ii) India always maintained her dignity and image of peace loving country by taking initiatives to bring about equality and understanding among nations i.e. to end Korean war in 1953, French rule in China etc. Q 4. Mention any two/four Directive Principles of State Policy for the promotion of international peace and security.

Answer: The Article 51 of Indian Constitution deals with the “Directive Principles of State Policy” on “Promotion of International Peace and Security”: (i) Promote international peace and security. (ii) Maintain just and honourable relations between nations. (iii) Foster respect for international law and treaty obligations in the dealings of organised people with one another. (iv) Encourage settlement of international dispute by arbitration. Q 5. Highlight any two/four major objectives of Prime Minister Nehru’s Foreign Policy.

Answer:1. The first objective was to follow NAM, not to join either the military blocs formed by USA and Soviet Union. 2. To promote rapid economic development and maintain cordial relations with other nations. 3. To prefect the territorial integrity. 4. To preserve sovereignty of India and also respecting others sovereignty. Q 6. What was Afra-Asian Unity?

Answer: Bandung conference was held in 1955 in Indonesia as an Afro-Asian conference to lead an establishment of NAM to mark the engagement of India with African and Asian nations known as Afro-Asian Unity. Q 7. Why did India oppose the international treaties on Nuclear non-proliferation?

Answer: Because of discriminatory nature: 1. India felt that these treaties prove the monopoly of five nuclear weapon- powers only and applicable to only the non-nuclear powers. 2. India opposed the indefinite extension of the NPT in 1995 and refused to sign even CTBT (Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty). Q 8. In the Post Cold War Era what is the nature of India’s foreign policy in terms of shifting alliances in world politics?

Answer: In the Post Cold War Era India’s foreign policy had shifted to more pro-US stance with the disintegration of USSR: 1. At present India’s foreign policy rather more emphasizes on economic interests in place of military. 2. Every Indo-Pak relations have also witnessed many new developments. 3. Efforts are being made to restore normal relations with other countries through cultural exchange. Q 9. Arrange the following events in the correct chronological sequence from the earlier to the latest: (a) First nuclear test conducted by India. (b) Twenty year treaty of peace and relationship between India and Soviet Union. (c) The Tashkent Agreement. (d) The Panchsheel declaration.

Answer: (a) Panchsheel-1954 (b) Tashkent Agreement-1966 (c) Twenty year treaty-1971 (d) First nuclear test-1974

Short Answer Type Questions [4 Marks]

Q 1. Explain India’s Nuclear Policy. Or Explain any four important features of India’s Nuclear Policy.

Answer: India’s Nuclear Policy: 1. India advocates no first use and reiterates India’s commitment to global verifiable on non-discriminatoiy nuclear disarmament loading to a nuclear weapon free world. 2. Pt. Nehru always promoted science and technology so build a modern India i.e. initiated nuclear programme in the late 1940s under the guidance of Homi J. Bhaba. 3. India was against nuclear weapons, hence pleaded many nuclear disarmament with superpowers. 4. India always considered NPT as discriminatory and refused to sign on it. 5. Even India’s first Nuclear Test in May 1974 was termed as a peaceful explosion and India argued to use nuclear power for peaceful purposes only. Q 2. Describe any four issues of conflict between India and China .

Answer: Issues of Conflict between India and China: (a) Serious conflict arose when China annexed Tibet in 1950 and removed a historical buffer between two nation and India did not oppose this openly. (b) India grew uneasy, when China began to suppress Tibetan culture. (c) Another border dispute arose when China claimed Aksai Chin Area and NEFA (much of the state in Arunachal Pradesh) within the Indian territory. (d) Despite long term correspondence and discussions, these issues have not been resolved even by top leaders of country. (e) Hence, India had to indulge in the conflict. Q 3. Describe any two major issues of conflict between India and Pakistan leading to war of 1971.

Answer: Issues of conflict between India and Pakistan leading to War in 1971: 1. A serious armed struggle arose between India and Pakistan in December 1971 when Pakistan attacked on Punjab and Rajasthan. In turn India had to retaliated a war against Pakistan. 2. India had to bear 80 lakh refugees who fled from East Pakistan to take shelter in India. Hence, India had to extend moral and material support to freedom struggle in Bangladesh against Pakistan. Q 4. What was Tibet issue? How did it cause tension between India and China? Explain.

Answer: 1. From the very beginning of independence time to time, China has claimed its administrative control over Tibet. 2. In 1950, China took over control of Tibet. Large sections of Tibetan population opposed this takeover. 3. In 1958, there was an armed uprising in Tibet against China’s occupation. India supported the cause of Tibetan which was bitterly objected by China. Even India has granted asylum to Dalai Lama and a large number of Tibetans. Q 5. Access any four principles of India’s foreign policy.

Answer: India’s foreign policy is based on principles of Panchsheel, which is derived from two words ‘Panch’ means five and ‘Sheel’ means a ‘Code of Conduct’ for peaceful co-existence. 1. Panchsheel 2. Non-alignment (NAM) 3. Mutual benefits and equality 4. Mutual non-aggression 5. Non-intervention in each others international affairs 6. To maintain international peace and understanding

Passage Based Questions [5 Marks]

1. Read the passage given below carefully and answer the questions: What does independence consist of? It consists fundamentally and basically of foreign relations. That is the test of independence. All else is local autonomy. Once foreign relations go out of your hands into the charge of somebody else, to that extent and in that measure you are not independent. —Jawaharlal Nehru

Questions 1. What does the extract signify? 2. What is not an independence as per Pt. J.L. Nehru? 3. What did India do to maintain its Sovereignty?

Answer: 1. The above extract signifies the non-alignment policy of India. 2. When foreign relations go out of the hands of a country into the charge of somebody else, to that extent, one is not independent. 3. When India achieved its freedom and started forming its foreign policy, it followed non-alignment policy to pursue its national interests within international context.

Picture/Map Based Questions [5 Marks]

A. Study the picture given below and answer the questions that follow:

Question. 1. What message does this cartoon convey? 2. Which year is being shown here?

Answer: 1. This cartoon conveys message on Indo-China tensions to be resolved. 2. 1962, Chinese invasion.

from Blogger http://www.margdarsan.com/2020/08/ncert-class-12-political-science-india_18.html

#NCERT Class 12 Political Science

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online-jee-coaching · 2 years

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Best btech college in jaipur

UEM Jaipur -

UEM is the no. 1 institute for getting admission in B.Tech Course. The college is well-known for its education and infrastructure. It got its reputation as the best btech college in jaipur.

placement. The National Assessment and Accreditation Council have granted the institution accreditation (NAAC).

The finest engineering institution for B.Tech programmes in Jaipur, Rajasthan, according to placement statistics, highly qualified faculty, and campus atmosphere, is UEM College of Engineering & IT.

2. Vivekananda Institute of Technology-

3. Poornima University-

4. MJRP College of Engineering-

5. The LNM Institute of Information Technology-

Together with the Rajasthani government, it established the LNM IIT in Jaipur. The goal of this huge, well-regarded institution is to become a top-tier centre of excellence.

6. Arya Group of Colleges-

7. VGU Jaipur-

8. JECRC University-

The campus of JECRC University is located in Jaipur, the renowned tourist destination and commercial hub of Rajasthan in northwest India.

9. SKIT College Jaipur

10. MNIT College -

As one of the founding NITs, the institution has a strong history of producing world-class innovators, directors, engineers, and scientists for the past 60 years.

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universitynims-blog · 4 years

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Top Five Universities In Rajasthan: Courses, Fees, Ranking & More!

Higher education, especially after standard 12th, is and always has been one of the most sought-after topics for Indian students. Never have the challenges and opportunities in this area been more exciting or more critical to the long-term well-being of society.

Apart from beautiful travel destinations and royal hospitality, the state of Rajasthan is famous for one other interest - offering quality education. From schools to colleges to training institutes and more, it has a wide array of institutes. These have for long nurtured great students who later played a crucial role in putting India on the global landscape. It comes as no surprise then that Rajasthan is home to some of the best universities in India. With state-of-the-art infrastructure, latest teaching methodologies, a bevy of corporate internships, and a mission to nurture talent, Rajasthan has slowly become an education hub preferred by young minds who seek to make an envy-worthy career in various graduate and postgraduate courses.

Come. Let's take a look at what The Land of the Rajputs has to offer to India's youth in terms of education.

1. NIMS University [NIMS], Jaipur

One of the leading private universities in Rajasthan, NIMS was born out of a vision to contribute to the glory and happiness of India's advancing generation. Be it the field of biomedicine, civil engineering, food technology or aviation, an education from this prestigious institute provides fledgeling students with a comprehensive understanding of the fundamentals accompanied by exceptional opportunities to define and impact the future. Whether you'd like to merely dip your toes into hotel management or are confident enough to dive head-first into pharmaceutical science, the university offers 300+ academic programs to choose from. What's interesting is that this university has various quality assurance mechanisms, one of which is a teacher to student ratio of 1:20. The faculty at this university is from the IITs, NITs and other institutes of national and international repute. Education redefined, indeed!

Recognition, Affiliation & Awards

Earlier known as National Institute of Medical Sciences, NIMS Jaipur is a self-financed university. It was established under the NIMS University Act 2008 by the Government of Rajasthan. It is recognized by UGC, AICTE, MCI, PCI, BCI, DEC, INC, RPC, AIU and the COA. The institute places many quality assurance mechanisms that are at par with international standards. It is an ISO 9001:2008 certified organization. Year after year, this private university in Jaipur has won various awards. These are as follows:-

● 2019 - Best University for Skill Development

● 2018 - Best Private University of the Year

● 2018 - Best University for Skill Development by ASSOCHAM India

● 2017 - Best Private University in India by CEGR and AICTE

● 2017 - Among Top 30 Universities of The Future by India Today

● 2016 & 2015 - Best University for Skill Development

● 2015 - Best Medical Science University of the Year

● 2014 - CCI Technology Education Excellence Award for Innovative Research

● 2013 - Best Self-Financed University Award

● 2013 - Best Private University in North India by Times Research

Degrees Offered

● Bachelors - B.Tech, BBA, B.Sc, MBBS, BA, BA {Hons}, BFA, BPA, BTTM, B. Arch, BA LLB, BBA LLB, B.Com, BDS, BSW, B. Pharm, BHM, BHMCT, B.Lib.I.Sc and BOT

● Masters - MBA, M Tech, M. Sc, MA, MDS, M.Ch, MVA, MSW, MPA, MHTM, MD, MS, MCA, LLM, MCom, MFA, MPT, M.Lib.I.Sc

● Integrated /Dual Degrees - B. Tech + MBA, BCA+MCA

● Doctorate - M. Phil & Ph. D

● Other - Diploma, PG Diploma & Polytechnic courses

Almost all of these degree programs have several specializations. No wonder it ranks first on the list of top universities in Rajasthan.

Academic Disciplines

Engineering, Medicine, Nursing, Dentistry, Physiotherapy, Pharmacy, Paramedical Science, Medicine, Tourism & Hotel Management, Aviation, Management, Law, Architecture, Humanity & Social Sciences, Journalism & Mass Communication, Theatre, Film & TV, Fashion, Information Technology, Commerce & Business, Distance Education, Fine Arts, Library & Information Science as well as Basic & Advanced Sciences

2. Birla Institute of Technology [BITS], Pilani

Known for its expertise and qualified academic staff, BITS Pilani is one of the most favoured study destinations in India for students around the world. It offers around many graduate degree programs and consistently remains among major worldwide ranking lists. It aims to train fledgling minds eager to innovate and implement new ideas, methods, techniques and information. Over the years, this top university in Rajasthan has provided the highest quality technical education to students from all over India admitted based on merit. BITS exemplifies the coming-of-age of India’s technical ability and the entrepreneurial community’s ‘can-do’ spirit.

Recognition, Affiliation & Awards

Under Section 3 of the UGC Act 1956 in India, the Birla Institute of Technology in Pilani has been conferred the status of a deemed university. It is affiliated to ACU, UGC, NAAC, PCI and AIU. The university has the following achievements.

● 2020 -Ranked 801–1000 in the QS World University Rankings for 2020 & 175 in Asia

● 2019 - Ranked 96 among BRICS nations

● 2018 - Ranked 19 among Top 100 B-Schools in India by Outlook India

● 2018 - One of the first six institutes to be awarded the Institute of Eminence status

Degrees Offered

● Integrated First Degree Program - B.E. {Hons} and B. Pharm {Hons}

● Higher Degree - (M.Sc {Hons}, M.E., M. Pharm and MBA)

● Doctoral Programs - Ph. D & M.Phil (Full time and part-time)

Almost all of these programs include several specializations, especially engineering.

Academic Disciplines

Engineering, Biotechnology, Economy & Finance, Humanity and Social Sciences, Basic Science, Commerce & Management, Pharmacy and Biological Science

3. Rajasthan Technical University [RTU], Kota

This university's mission is to deliver and maintain a sustainable campus that enhances the student experience. Its charter outlines objectives appropriate to a technological university to apply and advance learning that benefits the community and enables students to excel further. RTU's pedagogy focuses on students, their future career and grooms them to be a global citizen. Their approach to technical learning is creative, practical and result-oriented. Students at the best university in Rajasthan learn cutting-edge technology that is applicable now and in the future. They also gain industry-like experiences that will stick in their resumes. This is achieved through a variety of internships, global exchange programs, community and leadership events as well as start-up programs for the entrepreneurial inspired.

Recognition, Affiliation & Awards

RTU Kota is a state university established in 2006 by the Government of Rajasthan. It is affiliated to UGC.

Degrees Offered

● Bachelors - B Tech, B. Arch, BHMCT,

● Masters - MBA, MCA, M Tech, M. Arch, MAM and MTM

● Doctorate - Ph. D

Almost all of these programs include several specializations, especially engineering.

Academic Disciplines

Engineering, Architecture, Hotel Management & Catering Technology, Computer Science & Applications and Business Management

4. National Law University [NLU], Jodhpur

With meticulously-designed law degree programmes that open the doors to many specializations, the National Law University provides a unique learning experience. Founded in 1999, dedicated to academic excellence for more than 20 years, NLU is one of the oldest and most prestigious degree awarding institutions in Rajasthan. It takes pride in its outstanding teaching standards. The university has dedicated itself to upholding the rich tradition from which it arose. It preserves and strives to raise its level of excellence in every specialization of Law. Students here get an exposure to various cultures, philosophies, and diversified approaches to learning. With years of experience supporting students, it is one of the largest and best universities in Rajasthan grooming legal professionals at every stage of their careers.

Recognition, Affiliation & Awards:-

NLU Jodhpur is an autonomous public law school established in 1999. It is affiliated to BCI and UGC. Below are a few of its achievements.

● 2018- Won Asia's No. 1 Brand Award and gained 5th position in the NIRF ranking for that year.

● 2017 - Ranked sixth in India Top Law Colleges 2017 by The Week

● 2010 - Hosted the first NLU Antitrust Law Moot Court Competition

● Won the Best Advocate and Best Memoranda awards many times at the Stetson International Environmental Moot Court Competition

Degrees Offered:-

● Integrated Undergraduate Programs - BBA + LLB {Hons}, BA + LLB {Hons}

● Masters - MBA, M.Sc and LLM

● Doctorate - Ph. D, LLD, D. Lit and D. Sc

Academic Disciplines:-

Law, Science and Management

5. Maharshi Dayanand Saraswati University [MDSU], Ajmer

Established on August 1, 1987, MDSU is a prominent affiliated university. It offers courses and programs leading to widely recognized higher education degrees in several areas of study. Students are at the heart of this institute which delivers an outstanding educational experience. For years, this top university in Rajasthan has stood out in the following areas: quality learning facilities, access to learning materials, support for critical thinking, and making it easy to contact lecturers and faculties. MDSU consistently exceeds rigorous national quality requirements for higher education. This academic institute has a high level of student satisfaction; most of its students achieve excellent outcomes. Combining students in face-to-face situations, and providing quality digital learning in all its courses, the university has recently seen an increase in work-based opportunities and activities. Needless to say, academic success and employability are its core benefits.

Recognition, Affiliation & Awards:-

Maharshi Dayanand Saraswati University is affiliated to UGC. It has received a B++ rating by The National Accreditation and Assessment Council of India.

Degrees Offered:-

● Bachelors - B.Sc, B.Ed, BBA, BA and B.Ed

● Integrated Courses - BCA+MCA

● Masters - MBA, M.Sc, MA, M.Com, MCA, MCA {Lateral}, M.Tech, LLM, M.Sw, M. Ed, M.Lib.I.Sc. MJMC

● Doctorate - Ph. D and M. Phil

● Other - Diploma, PG Diploma and Certificate Courses

Almost all of these programs include several specializations, especially the Master’s courses.

Academic Disciplines

History, Political Science & Public Administration, Engineering, Management, Commerce, Applied Science, Humanities and Arts, Mass Media & Communication, Law, Commuter Science & IT, Physical Education, Food & Nutrition, Environmental Studies, Population Studies, Yoga & Human Consciousness and Strategic Studies & Information Sciences

Whether you're headed for a research career or want to develop an innovation that will transform India's future, remember that quality education is at the heart of everything we do. Each of these institutes has more than a decade of experience in preparing young minds for tomorrow. What sets them apart are various facilities including modern infrastructure, low tuition fees, scholarships to deserving candidates, acceptance of international students and excellent placement records. Each of these top universities in Rajasthan offers a variety of courses, the admissions to which have already begun. For more information about a particular program, kindly visit their respective websites.

#top universities in Rajasthan #top university in Rajasthan #best universities in Rajasthan #Top Five Universities In Rajasthan

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thedigitalchapters · 7 years

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Top 10 Quora Influencers in India http://ift.tt/2gQkVXS

Quora is well known and famous website among intellectuals or social media lovers. One who knows Quora does not need any introduction and its statics. Quora is a Forum where people ask question and reply to the asked question. Since its origin it’s been very popular among Americans since they are fond of this forum. With over 15 Million users India has over 25% users only of its total users.

Quora has few features that we need to follow such when you answer you need to follow certain policies and terms. After you have answer users will read it and they upvote your answer or downvote that is not in good quality and even report it to Quora if that is not in good quality or may suggest edits. Quora also notify you when your question or answer is not in right format.

Your answer is measured with few metrics such as total no of views, comments, and upvotes.

Its not necessary users who has seen your answer will hit upvote or comment or its also not necessary if they comment they will upvote it. Users are free whether they upvote or comment on it. Getting upvotes on answer or growing no of followers on this forum is more difficult than other social media platform.

There are 100s of tools and techniques to grow followers, connection or likes on other social media platform but there is no tool which can increase your followers on Quora. Only genuine people or users are here who will follow you and read your answers.

Quora does not allow any company to create pages on it. In India there are many users who are addicted to writing or reading answers on it on the other there are great personalities as well who has not only gained maximum no of followers but also they have changed many lives and people's thought. I have researched and following them on Quora .

Following are top influencers on Quora you will love reading them

1. BalajiViswanathan

He has not only writing answers to the question but also share some posts which are coming in his mind. He describe himself in following way

“ I’m the founder of a robotics company - Invento [Humanoid robots for customer interaction] with a goal to be a pioneer in the emerging field of AI enabled hardware.I started my career as a software engineer in Microsoft HQ in Seattle - in Windows core division, later in Live Labs and Windows PhoneAfter about 5 years in the US, I returned to India with romantic notions of revolutionizing education. I started among the first MOOC platforms - NalandaU - back in 2009.I have two full time Masters degrees - both on scholarship. A MS from the University of Maryland, Baltimore County and an MBA from Babson college. I worked with some of the top professors in Artificial Intelligence/Multiagent Systems and did my thesis work on Multiagent Systems (developing a platform for100s of intelligent agents such as robots or wireless sensors to work together to solve a problem).

2. Dr. Awdhesh Singh

He is another great writer on Quora from India. He is very famous writer among young Indians. He has also written few books which are liked by many His two books ‘Myths are Real, Reality is a Myth’ and GST MADE SIMPLE: A Complete Guide to Goods and Services Tax in India" are great to read.

You can read more about him at here as he describes himself. Few lines are enough to know him in better way

Dr. Awdhesh Singh is an officer of the 1990 Batch of Indian Revenue Service (Customs and Central Excise) and presently posed in Chennai as Additional Director General, Directorate General of Central Excise Intelligence. He did his B Tech from IIT (BHU) Varanasi, M Tech from IIT Delhi and PhD from ABV- Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management ( IIITM) Gwalior.

3. Deepak Mehta

His well maintained profiles explained everything that you need to know about him. He can guide you how to use Quora or Reddit and also can suggest you how you should go with MBA course. His blog on ‘Quora Arbitrary Thoughts’ is really awesome which you will love reading

What tells about himself is as below

I am a 23 year old male, hailing from Nainital, Uttarakhand, India. I am the elder of two siblings and have a younger, but far more intimidating, little sister.A Computer Science graduate from BITS - Goa and an Master of Business Administration Degrees from IIM - Ahmedabad. I am currently in Mumbai trying to settle down into the corporate life.

4. BhuviJain

Feel like reading moms advice on Quora. You will realize as well after reading here answers. She is brilliant and has a great presence of mind. Believe or not she has a great presence on Quora more than 16 million views on her answer. Isn’t it surprising?

Quoramom to many here...A vintage Electronics engineer from REC, Trichy long before it reinvented itself as National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli. I am Director in a firm dealing with precision machining of automotive components.B.E. ECE Electronics and Communication Engineering, from National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli

5. Virali Modi

She is one the famous lady on Quora who is love and listened by all Quoran carefully

One the Quora writer write about her, “She's beautiful, in every way. If you don't know what I mean, you haven't interacted with her, because, when you do, it's obvious you're experiencing something very special. True beauty. I'm lucky to call her my friend.”

I just listened her conversation on cloud. She talks about everything on this sound could

6. Gopalkrishna Vishwanath

He is first Quoran who is spending all his day to contribute to coming generation. He is guiding, motivating and educating people through Quora. He is Retired Structural Engineer & language and internet/social media enthusiast.

He describe himself as below I am a retired structural design engineer, aged 68 as on May 2016, and live in Bangalore. My parents and ancestors originally hail from Paalakkaad district of Kerala state in India, and we speak a mix of Tamizh and Malayaalam as our native tongue. I spent my childhood and had my schooling at Mumbai and later proceeded to Rajasthan for engineering studies. [BE(Hons) from BITS Pilani] and later to Uttar Pradesh (ME in structures from University of Roorkee now called IIT Roorkee)

7. Ashish Kedia

Ashish is one of the youngest Quoran who has earned huge reputation on Quora. He is Web Solutions Engineer at Google, Hyderabad and quite often he spares time to write about to different things. He writes about himself as below

Vegetarian. Night owl. Extreme opinions. Educational Tech enthusiast. Loves Psychedelic Music. Thrives on Adventure Sports. Adrenalin Rush. Programming Nerd. Texts over Calls. Late night chats over meetings. Career over Relationships. Family over everything. Amateur Photographer

8. Tejasvita Apte

She is most daring and motivator on Quora who is ready to reply you all the question that you have in mind. She is intelligent snd sharp minded loving being actinve on Quora. She is Medico-Legal consultant, Advocate, Public speaker, Teacher and TEDx speaker

She writes about herself as below-:

I do not give free legal advice. If you need advice, please take an appointment. (The reader admits that this is not solicitation).28, Medico-legal consultant, Advocate, Public speaker, Teacher to my bones, Linguaphile, amateur singer (Taste of my singing), Synesthete, Soft Determinist, INTP.

9. Brijesh Kumar

He is an Assistant Professor at IIT Roorkee, one of renowned Institution in India. He writes on selective point clearly and explains everything as student are listening him in a class and make all the chapters clears

10. Ankur Warikoo

He is Entrepreneur and owner of nearby. Being a business person it is very difficult to spend time but he is managing it.

He is technology freak; excel sheet obsessed, photographer, public speaker, wannabe DJ and wedding photographer!

So all of these are top Quora Writers who are doing great. I also write on Quora. You can follow me here

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juudgeblog · 7 years

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Inadequate number of High Court Benches – Major factor delaying justice

This article is written by Sanjeev Sirohi, an advocate in Meerut. The article answers how poor people will gain maximum from more High Court benches.

Let me start by wishing my countrymen the very best wishes on this day that is 26th November on which day our Constitution was prepared after years of relentless toil. This alone explains why 26th November is celebrated as “Law Day” and “Constitution Day”. Our Prime Minister Narendra Modi, President Ram Nath Kovind, Chief Justice of India Dipak Misra among others have very rightly expressed their best wishes on this auspicious day!

It was rightly reiterated that the best tribute to our Constitution and its makers is to make justice more accessible to the poor. How better can it be done by setting up more high court benches especially in big states like UP, Rajasthan, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar among other states? This has been reiterated even by 230threport of Law Commission which recommended the setting up of more high court benches in states.

But what an unbeatable irony that only one state that is Karnataka has stood to gain by it because after this report was submitted in 2009, it is only in Karnataka that two more high court benches were set up for just 4 and 8 districts at Dharwad and Gulbarga respectively in 2012 even though the number of pending cases in high court is less than 2 lakh in whole of Karnataka whereas in UP which tops the states list among pending cases has more than 10 lakh pending cases and the cases from West UP alone are more than half of the total pending cases that is 5 lakh still we see that there is just one high court bench in Lucknow which is just about 200 km away from Allahabad created way back in 1948 on July 1 and after that not a single bench was created in any part of the state.

What is even worse is that Justice Jaswant Singh Commission headed by Justice Jaswant Singh who is a former Judge of the Supreme Court was appointed by Central Government of former PM late Mrs Indira Gandhi to recommend at which all places high court benches were needed the most. It recommended 3 high court benches for UP at Agra which is in West UP, Nainital and Dehradun which are now both in Uttarakhand but then were in UP but not a single high court bench was allowed to be created in UP and the people of Uttarakhand were compelled to travel thousands of kilometers all the way to Allahabad to get justice for which they had to bear unbearable expenses and waste many days travelling all the way to Allahabad. The net result was they became very agitated in demanding a separate state for themselves and we saw how Centre which refused to set up even a single high court bench there was compelled to set up a high court in Nainital.

Let me be direct in asking: Why when on the recommendations of Justice Jaswant Singh Commission a high court bench was created in Aurangabad in Maharashtra, Jalpaiguri in West Bengal and Madurai in Tamil Nadu then why not a single bench for UP even though 3 benches were recommended for it? Why Centre allowed the people of Uttarakhand to become agitated by not setting up a single high court bench there? Why Centre cared the least also for West UP which alone accounts for more than 57% pending cases as was acknowledged by Justice Jaswant Commission itself due to which it recommended the creation of high court bench here?

Let me also be direct in asking, why inspite of lawyers of West UP striking work every Saturday since May 1981 till now that is more than 36 years to protest West UP not being given a single high court bench here even though Justice Jaswant Singh Commission had recommended creation of 3 benches has Centre failed to create even a single more high court bench here? Why lawyers of West UP went on strike not for one month or two months but for more than 6 months in 2001 and for 3 months in 2014-15 and for one month in 2010 and many times strike even on Wednesdays yet Centre just kept assuring the lawyers of West UP that a high court bench would be set up soon was no bench created here?

Bluntly put, why Andaman and Nicobar islands with just about 3 lakh population has high court bench at Port Blair but West UP with more than 9 crore population which is more than any other state except Bihar, Maharashtra and UP of which it is itself a part has not even a single high court bench? Why many other small states like Manipur, Meghalaya and Tripura having population of just 14 lakh, 18 lakh and 24 lakh has high court since last few years and bench since many decades but West UP with more than 9 crore population has not even a single high court bench? Why for just 88 lakh people of Uttarakhand was a high court itself approved in 2000 when it was given statehood but for more than 9 crore people of West UP not a single high court bench approved even 18 years later in 2018?

Why more than 9 crore people of West UP have been compelled to travel all the way to Allahabad about 700-800 km away to attend court hearings as no high court bench has been created here in any of the 26 districts of West UP who are all unitedly demanding the creation of a high court bench and lawyers of all these districts have even created Central Action Committee to pursue the legitimate demand for a high court bench here since 1981? Why Sampoornanand as CM had recommended a high court bench in Meerut way back in 1955 but even in 2018 no bench has been created here? Why Mayawati as UP CM had recommended the creation of a West UP as a separate state to be named Harit Pradesh way back in 1995 but still not a bench created here?

Is this not a violation of Article 14 of Constitution which talks about equality? Why talk about just West UP alone? Even in Bundelkhand, Western part of Odisha and many other parts in different states we see that people have to suffer all types of inconveniences because their region has no high court bench. Why the 230th report of Law Commission was not implemented in all these needy places?

It is futile to talk about speedy justice as long as more than 9 crore people of West UP are made to travel more than 800-900 km away all the way to Allahabad to get justice! This alone explains why former PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee as Leader of Opposition had himself demanded the creation of a high court bench in West UP in 1986. One can understand that Vajpayee as PM could not create bench here because he didn’t had the majority but what about Narendra Modi who enjoys brute majority not just in Centre but also in UP for which US President Donald Trump had even congratulated him especially? Yogi Adityanath as MP had raised demand for a bench for Gorakhpur which is his constituency in 1998 but 20 years later as UP CM he will celebrate 1 year of his completion in office but he is unable to create a single bench there leave alone West UP.

We see that maximum crime, maximum riots, maximum killings all take place in West UP still there is not even a single high court bench here! When a high court bench can be created in Lucknow in 1948 then why not a single bench in West UP 70 years later in 2018? Is this fair justice? Is this equality that both high court and a single bench are in Eastern UP at Allahabad and Lucknow so close to each other? If Lucknow is capital then so are Bhopal, Dehradun, Bhubaneshwar, Thiruvananthapuram not capitals? Then why no high court or bench in these places?

I fully appreciate the Lok Adalats and other steps like video conferencing to reduce the pending cases but they alone are simply not enough. The government has just no other option but to set up more high court benches in all those places where needed. Former UN Secretary General Ban ki Moon had himself castigated the law and order situation in UP and slammed it as “rape and crime capital” of India yet Centre is not ready to set up more high court benches here!

Maximum MPs, maximum MLAs and maximum elected representatives are all from UP still it has just 1 high court bench whereas states like Maharashtra, Karnataka and Assam have 3 high court benches or more even though the law and order situation there is much better than in UP. Is this equality? Why UP which has more than 22 crore population which is more than the population of many small countries put together as UP CM Yogi Adityananth keeps proudly proclaiming every now and then has just one high court bench and that too so close to Allahabad? Why not a single high court bench for another lawless state like Bihar? Why only few states are accorded 2 or 3 or 4 high court benches and not others?

Are we doing justice with our Constitution by acting in such a partisan manner? Why people of West UP are compelled to travel whole night to Allahabad many times without reservation as it is difficult to get it done in a short time notice? Why can’t more than 26 districts of west UP have its own high court bench so that people don’t have to waste so much of time travelling all the way to Allahabad? Why such a third rated treatment for West UP since last more than 70 years of independence? Why is it ignored that initially from 1866 to 1869 the high court itself was in West UP at Agra before being transferred to Allahabad? Still, why can’t a bench be created in any of the 26 districts of West UP?

I unequivocally hail PM Modi’s many initiatives like awarding the district where the number of pending cases are reduced maximum in a given year but they in itself are just not sufficient to address the burgeoning Frankenstein monster of pending cases unless more high court benches are created in big states like UP especially in West UP. Just recently a 100 year old woman was raped in West UP in Meerut and what is worse is that to seek justice she too has no option but to travel all the way about more than 700 km away to Allahabad as there is not even a single bench of high court here. What sort of justice system is this? Bench so close at Lucknow but no bench in West UP or in Bundelkhand like in Jhansi nor in far-off places like Gorakhpur which CM Yogi represents since many decades!

A serious disease like cancer cannot be treated by just a band aid or strepsil. All other steps to address the huge pending cases are bound to fall flat unless and until more high court benches are created in big states like UP, Bihar, Rajasthan among others. But nothing just nothing is being done on this score and only one state that is Karnataka has stood to gain from the recommendations of 230th report of Law Commission which till 2012 had just one bench at Hubli! Why is Centre not taking any steps in this regard? Why more than 9 crore people of West UP are being rashly denied “cheap and speedy justice” since 1947 till 2017? Why if Supreme Court in near future direct Centre to create more benches will it have the temerity to term it as “judicial activism”? With what face? Why can’t it take emergency steps well in time?

Eminent senior lawyer and revered jurist Harish Salve very rightly points out that if Centre does its job properly then judiciary will never step in. It is inaction on the part of the Centre that compels Supreme Court to step in for which it is then wrongly accused of “judicial activism” as a junior minister in Law in Centre dared to indulge in. Why Nehru can dare to create a bench in Lucknow in 1948 but no PM till now can dare to create even a single bench anywhere else even though Justice Jaswant Commission recommended three more benches?

Why inspite of Allahabad High Court completing more than 150 years and being the biggest court not just in India but in whole of Asia has least high court benches, only one just nearby at Lucknow and not at any other place like Gorakhpur, Jhansi, Meerut or Agra or any other place? Why no step is being taken to correct this historic blunder? Why a firm determination to carry on with what Nehru did way back in 1947-48? Have things not changed since then? There are much more such compelling soul searching questions which demands answers but no one is ready to ever address them. Just ritually organizing “Law Day” or “Constitution day” will serve just no real purpose unless serious steps are taken like setting up more high court benches as recommended very rightly by 230th report of Law Commission. Hope good sense will prevail!

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margdarsanme · 4 years

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NCERT Class 12 Political Science (India) Chapter 4 India’s External Relations

NCERT Class 12 Political Science Solutions (India Since Independence)

Chapter 4 India’s External Relations

Answer: (a) True; (b) True; (c) True; (d) False. Q 2. Match the following:

Answer:

Answer: No, this was not the failure of foreign policy but this was a result of international situation:

Very Short Answer Type Questions [ 1 Mark]

Q 1. What is foreign policy?

Answer: Because India considered the NPT as discriminatory policy to argue it to be used for peaceful purposes only. Q 4. What was Bandung conference?

Answer: Article 51 to lay down some Directive Principles of State Policy. Q 6. Which step was the beginning of Indo¬china’s strong relationship?

Answer: Panchsheel, the five principles of peaceful co-existance signed in 1954.

Very Short Answer Type Questions [2 Marks]

Q 1. How did the Sino-Indian conflict affect the opposition also?

Answer: (a) Panchsheel-1954 (b) Tashkent Agreement-1966 (c) Twenty year treaty-1971 (d) First nuclear test-1974

Short Answer Type Questions [4 Marks]

Q 1. Explain India’s Nuclear Policy. Or Explain any four important features of India’s Nuclear Policy.

Passage Based Questions [5 Marks]

Questions 1. What does the extract signify? 2. What is not an independence as per Pt. J.L. Nehru? 3. What did India do to maintain its Sovereignty?

Picture/Map Based Questions [5 Marks]

A. Study the picture given below and answer the questions that follow:

Question. 1. What message does this cartoon convey? 2. Which year is being shown here?

Answer: 1. This cartoon conveys message on Indo-China tensions to be resolved. 2. 1962, Chinese invasion.

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brajeshupadhyay · 4 years

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Coronavirus LIVE Updates: Around 40 rescued, 8 dead as fire breaks out at COVID-19 hospital in Ahmedabad

08:46 (IST)

Coronavirus in India LATEST Updates

Narendra Modi condoles deaths in Ahmedabad hospital fire

Saddened by the tragic hospital fire in Ahmedabad. Condolences to the bereaved families. May the injured recover soon. Spoke to CM @vijayrupanibjp Ji and Mayor @ibijalpatel Ji regarding the situation. Administration is providing all possible assistance to the affected.

— Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) August 6, 2020

08:36 (IST)

Coronavirus LATEST Updates

New drug RLF-100 shows dramatic results for critical COVID-19 patients

Doctors at a hospital here have used a new drug called RLF-100, also known as aviptadil, that has led to rapid recovery from respiratory failure in critically ill COVID-19 patients, reports PTI.

The drug has been approved by the FDA for emergency use at multiple clinical sites in patients who are too ill to enter the FDA's Phase 2/3 trials.

08:13 (IST)

Coronavirus in Gujarat LATEST Updates

8 killed after fire breaks out in COVID-19 hospital

Eight patients in the ICU ward of a private COVID-19 designated hospital died after fire broke out there on Thursday, news agency PTI reported.

Fire broke out at the Shrey Hospital in Navrangpura area of Ahmedabad during the early hours of Thursday, an official said.

Around 40 other COVID-19 patients at the facility were rescued and shifted to a civic hospital in the city, he said. The cause of the fire is not known yet, he said.

08:06 (IST)

Coronavirus in Assam LATEST Updates

Assam's total COVID-19 cases cross 50,000-mark

Assam’s total crosses the 50,000-mark with 2,284 new infections, says Health Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma. Six additional deaths take the state’s toll to 121.

📌Alert ~ 2284 COVID cases detected out of 59162 tests in last 24 hrs. Glad that our positivity rate is just 3.86%! Kamrup (M)- 362, Dibrugarh- 177, Nagaon- 157, Kamrup (R)- 123 ↗️Total cases 50445 ↗️Recovered 34421 ↗️Active cases 15900 ↗️Deaths 121 9:55 PM, Aug 05 pic.twitter.com/cGO6dVVvWh

— Himanta Biswa Sarma (@himantabiswa) August 5, 2020

08:03 (IST)

Coronavirus LATEST Updates

Zydus Cadila to start second phase of vaccine candidate trials today

Zydus Cadila announced Wednesday that its plasmid DNA vaccine to prevent COVID-19, going by the name ZyCoV-D, was found to be both safe and well-tolerated in healthy volunteers in Phase I human trials, which began on 15 July 2020. The vaccine candidate will begin Phase II trials on Thursday, 6 August, the company said.

Read full report here

07:59 (IST)

Coronavirus in US LATEST Updates

Virus testing in the US is dropping, even as deaths mount

US testing for the coronavirus is dropping even as infections remain high and the death toll rises by more than 1,000 a day, a worrisome trend that officials attribute largely to Americans getting discouraged over having to wait hours to get a test and days or weeks to find out the results.

An Associated Press analysis found that the number of tests per day slid 3.6 percent over the past two weeks to 750,000, with the count falling in 22 states. That includes places like Alabama, Mississippi, Missouri and Iowa where the percentage of positive tests is high and continuing to climb, an indicator that the virus is still spreading uncontrolled.

07:57 (IST)

Coronavirus in India LATEST Updates

Novavax signs Covid-19 vaccine supply deal with India's Serum Institute

Novavax Inc said it has entered a supply and license agreement with the Serum Institute of India for the development and commercialization of its COVID-19 vaccine candidate reports Reuters.

The Indian drugmaker will have exclusive rights for the vaccine in India during the term of the deal and non-exclusive rights during the "Pandemic Period" in all countries other than those designated by the World Bank as upper-middle or high-income countries.

Coronavirus LATEST Updates: Fire broke out at the Shrey Hospital in Navrangpura area of Ahmedabad during the early hours of Thursday. Around 40 other COVID-19 patients at the facility were rescued and shifted to a civic hospital in the city.

India's COVID-19 infection tally raced past 19 lakh on Wednesday, two days after it crossed the 18 lakh, with 52,509 people testing positive for the novel coronavirus in a day. However, the recoveries have also increased to 12,82,215, according to the Union Health Ministry data.

The recovery rate among COVID-19 patients has risen to 67.19 percent while the fatality rate has further dropped to 2.09 percent, the data stated.

The total coronavirus cases in the country surged to 19,08,254 while the death toll climbed to 39,795 with 857 people succumbing to the disease in a span of 24 hours, the data updated at 8 am showed.

There are 5,86,244 active cases of coronavirus infection in the country presently which contribute 30.72 percent of the total caseload.

This is the seventh consecutive day that COVID-19 cases have increased by more than 50,000.

According to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), a cumulative total of 2,14,84,402 samples have been tested up to 4 August with 6,19,652 samples being tested on Tuesday.

Meanwhile, three Indian drug manufacturers on Wedensday launched Favipiravir, an antivral which has been approved by the Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) for restricted emergency use in COVID-19 patients.

While Lupin's Covihalt costs Rs 49 per tablet in India, BDR Pharmaceuticals's BDFAVI will be available at a price of Rs 63 per tablet. Alkem Laboratories too launched ''Alfluenza'', but the cost per tablet is not available.

Case fatality rate drops to 2.09%

A total of 51,706 patients have recuperated from COVID-19 in India in a span of 24 hours, the highest in a day, while the case fatality rate has dropped to 2.09 percent, according to the health ministry.

"With an increasing number of COVID-19 patients recovering, there has been a 63.8 per cent increase in the recovered cases in the last 14 days," the ministry said in the statement.

With 6,19,652 tests conducted on Tuesday, the cumulative testing as on date has reached 2,14,84,402.

The tests per million have seen a sharp increase to 15,568.

SC suggests cheaper treatment in smaller towns

The Supreme Court has suggested that there should be cheaper treatment for COVID-19 infected patients in smaller towns and asked the Centre to consider the aspect of prompt release of claims by insurance companies which cannot keep their hands off at the time of pandemic.

The apex court was told by the Centre that health is a state subject and primary responsibility in terms of management of COVID-19 rests with the states.

In a report filed in the top court, the Centre proposed that states "may on a priority basis arrive at fair rates for private hospitals to ensure that there is no over-charging from COVID-19 patients or indiscriminate hikes for patients".

A bench headed by Chief Justice SA Bobde, which was hearing the pleas including the one filed by advocate Sachin Jain who has sought direction for regulating the cost of treatment of COVID-19 at private hospitals across the country, suggested that there should be cheaper treatment for coronavirus infected patients in smaller towns.

The top court made the suggestion after counsel appearing for private hospitals said that uniform price capping may not be feasible as it may vary in big and smaller cities.

State-wise figures

Of the 857 fresh deaths reported by the central health ministry on Wednesday, 300 are from Maharashtra, 110 from Karnataka, 108 from Tamil Nadu, 67 from Andhra Pradesh, 54 from West Bengal, 39 from Uttar Pradesh, 25 from Gujarat, 20 from Punjab, 17 each from Rajasthan and Bihar, 13 from Telangana, 12 each from Madhya Pradesh and Delhi and 10 from Jammu and Kashmir.

Nine fatalities have been reported from Odisha, eight each from Chhattisgarh and Haryana, six from Assam, five from Uttarakhand, four from Goa, three from Kerala and Jharkhand, two each from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Puducherry and Tripura, while Chandigarh has recorded one fatality each.

Of the total 39,795 deaths, Maharashtra has reported the maximum at 16,142 followed by 4,349 in Tamil Nadu, 4,033 in Delhi, 2,704 in Karnataka, 2,533 in Gujarat, 1,817 in Uttar Pradesh, 1,785 in West Bengal, 1,604 in Andhra Pradesh and 962 in Madhya Pradesh.

So far, 732 people have died of COVID-19 in Rajasthan, 576 in Telangana, 462 in Punjab, 448 in Haryana, 417 in Jammu and Kashmir, 347 in Bihar, 216 in Odisha, 128 in Jharkhand, 115 in Assam, 95 in Uttarakhand, 87 in Kerala.

Chhattisgarh has registered 69 deaths, Goa 60, Puducherry 58, Tripura 30, Chandigarh 20, Himachal Pradesh 14, Andaman and Nicobar Islands 12, Ladakh and Manipur seven each, Meghalaya and Nagaland five each, Arunachal Pradesh three, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu two and Sikkim one.

90% of recovered patients in Wuhan suffering from lung damage: Report

Ninety percent of a sample group of coronavirus-recovered patients from a prominent hospital in China's Wuhan city where the pandemic broke out have reported lung damage and five percent of them are again in quarantine after testing positive for the virus, according to a media report on Wednesday.

A team at the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University led by Peng Zhiyong, director of the hospital's Intensive Care Unit, has been conducting follow-up visits with ''100 recovered patients'' since April.

The first phase of this one-year programme finished in July. The average age of the patients in the study is 59.

According to the first phase results, 90 percent of the patients'' lungs are still in a damaged state, which means their lungs ventilation and gas exchange functions have not recovered to the level of healthy people, state-run Global Times reported.

Peng's team conducted a six-minute walking test with the patients. They found that the recovered patients could only walk 400 metres in six minutes while their healthy peers could walk 500 metres in the same period.

Some recovered patients have to rely on oxygen machines even three months after being discharged from the hospital, Liang Tengxiao, a doctor from the Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, was quoted as saying by the report.

With inputs from PTI

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online-jee-coaching · 2 years

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Top btech college in rajasthan

UEM Jaipur -

UEM is the no. 1 institute for getting admission in B.Tech Course. The college is well-known for its education and infrastructure. It got its reputation as the top btech college in Rajasthan.

placement. The National Assessment and Accreditation Council have granted the institution accreditation (NAAC).

The finest engineering institution for B.Tech programmes in Jaipur, Rajasthan, according to placement statistics, highly qualified faculty, and campus atmosphere, is UEM College of Engineering & IT.

2. Vivekananda Institute of Technology-

3. Poornima University-

4. MJRP College of Engineering-

5. The LNM Institute of Information Technology-

Together with the Rajasthani government, it established the LNM IIT in Jaipur. The goal of this huge, well-regarded institution is to become a top-tier centre of excellence.

6. Arya Group of Colleges-

7. VGU Jaipur-

8. JECRC University-

The campus of JECRC University is located in Jaipur, the renowned tourist destination and commercial hub of Rajasthan in northwest India.

9. SKIT College Jaipur

10. MNIT College -

As one of the founding NITs, the institution has a strong history of producing world-class innovators, directors, engineers, and scientists for the past 60 years.

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iasshikshalove · 4 years

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Daily Current Affairs 19th March 2020

PANDEMIC COULD MAKE ANOTHER 25 MILLION JOBLESS

International Labour Organization:

It is the only tripartite U.N. agency.It brings together governments, employers and workers of 187 member States, to set labour standards, develop policies and devise programmes promoting decent work for all women and men.

Established in 1919 by the Treaty of Versaillesas an affiliated agency of the League of Nations.

Became the first affiliated specialized agency of the United Nations in 1946.

Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland

Founding Mission: social justice is essential to universal and lasting peace.

Promotes internationally recognized human and labour rights.

Received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1969.

1. For improving peace among classes

2.Pursuing decent work and justice for workers

3.Providing technical assistance to other developing nations.

The organization has played a key role in.

1.Ensuring labour rights during the Great Depression

2.Decolonization process

3.The creation of Solidarność ( trade union) in Poland

4.The victory over apartheid in South Africa

Today it is providing substantial support in the building of an ethical and productive framework for fair globalization.

Mission and impact of the ILO:

The International Labour Organization (ILO) is devoted to promoting social justice and internationally recognized human and labour rights, pursuing its founding mission that social justice is essential to universal and lasting peace.

Only tripartite U.N. agency, the ILO brings together governments, employers and workers representatives of 187 member States , to set labour standards, develop policies and devise programmes promoting decent work for all women and men.

The ILO’s Decent Work agenda helps advance the economic and working conditions that give all workers, employers and governments a stake in lasting peace, prosperity and progress.

Objectives:

Set and promote standards and fundamental principles and rights at work.

Create greater opportunities for women and men to decent employment and income.

Enhance the coverage and effectiveness of social protection for all.

Strengthen tripartism and social dialogue.

The ILO and the 2030 development agenda:

The 2030 Agenda embraces three dimensions of sustainability – economic, social and environmental.

It has 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that put people and planet at its centre, giving the international community a framework for tackling the many challenges confronting humanity, including those in the world of work.

The importance of decent work in achieving sustainable development is highlighted by Goal 8 which aims to “promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all”.

India & ILO:Ministry: Ministry of Labour and Employment

India is a founder member of the International Labour Organization, which came into existence in 1919.

A unique feature of the ILO is its tripartite character.

The membership of the ILO ensures the growth of tripartite system in the Member countries.

At every level in the Organization, Governments are associated with the two other social partners, namely the workers and employers.

All the three groups are represented on almost all the deliberative organs of the ILO and share responsibility in conducting its work.

The three organs of the ILO are:

International Labour Conferences: – General Assembly of the ILO – Meets every year in the month of June.

Governing Body: – Executive Council of the ILO. Meets three times in a year in the months of March, June and November.

International Labour Office: – A permanent secretariat.

Core Conventions of the ILO:

The eight Core Conventions of the ILO (also called fundamental/human rights conventions) are:

Forced Labour Convention (No. 29)

Abolition of Forced Labour Convention (No.105)

Equal Remuneration Convention (No.100)

Discrimination (Employment Occupation) Convention (No.111)

Minimum Age Convention (No.138)

Worst forms of Child Labour Convention (No.182)

(The above Six have been ratified by India)

Freedom of Association and Protection of Right to Organised Convention (No.87)

Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention (No.98)

(These two have not been ratified by India)

Why in News?

The International Labour Organization warned that the economic and labour crisis sparked by the coronavirus will have “far-reaching impacts on labour market outcomes”.

“This is no longer a global health crisis, it is also a major labour market and economic crisis that is having a huge impact on people”.

At the high end meanwhile, 24.7 million more will become jobless, on top of the 188 million registered as unemployed in 2019.

NEW BILL HALVES TERMS OF PRESIDENTS ,VPs OF LOCAL BODIES

Panchayati Raj in India:

In India, the Panchayati Rajgenerally refers to the local self-government of villages in rural India as opposed to urban and suburban municipalities, this system was introduced by a constitutional amendment in 1992.

In India, the Panchayati Raj now functions as a system of governance in which gram panchayats are the basic units of local administration.

The system has three levels:

Gram Panchayat (village level),

Mandal Parishad or Block Samitior Panchayat Samiti (block level), and

Zila Parishad(district level).

It was formalized in 1992 by the 73rd amendment to the Indian Constitution.

Currently, the Panchayati Raj system exists in all states except Nagaland, Meghalaya, and Mizoram, and in all Union Territories except Delhi.

History:

Mahatma Gandhi advocated Panchayati Raj as the foundation of India’s political system, as a decentralized form of government in which each village would be responsible for its own affairs.

The Panchayat Raj system was first adopted by the state of Rajasthan in Nagaur district on 2 Oct 1959.

The second state was Andhra Pradesh, while Maharashtra was the ninth state.

In the history of Panchayati Raj, in India, on 24 April 1993, the Constitutional (73rd amendment) Act 1992 came into force to provide constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj institutions.

This amendment was extended to Panchayats in the tribal areas of eight states, namely: Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, and Rajasthan beginning on 24 December 1996.

Gram panchayatis a village level administrative body, with a Sarpanch as its elected head. The members of the gram panchayat are elected for a period of five years by the members of Gram Sabha.

The National Panchayati Raj Daywas observed on April 24.

The Ministry of Panchayati Raj has been celebrating the National Panchayati Raj Day (NPRD) on 24 April since 2010, as on this day, the 73rd Constitutional Amendment came into force in 1993.

E-Panchayat:

E-panchayat is one of the Mission Mode Projects (MMPs) under National e-Governance Programme (NeGP).

It aimed at making Panchayats more efficient, transparent and symbols of modernity.

Panchayats Extension to the Scheduled Areas (PESA):

The Parliament passed Provisions of the Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 to extend the provisions of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment to the Schedule V Areas of the country.

The Fifth Schedule covers Tribal areas (scheduled areas) in 9 states of India namely Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Orissa and Rajasthan.

Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Yojana:

The Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Yojanais a Centrally Sponsored Scheme being implemented with the objective of assisting efforts of the State Governments for training and capacity building of elected representatives of PRIs.

The scheme focuses primarily on providing financial assistance to the States/UTs for Training & Capacity Building of elected representatives (ERs) and PRIs.

Why in News?

In an attempt to bring about major changes in the functioning of the rural local bodies in Karnataka, the government tabled a new Bill to reduce the term of the offices of presidents and vice-presidents of gram panchayats, taluk panchayats, and zilla panchayats from five years to 30 months.

The Karnataka Gram Swaraj and Panchayat Raj (Amendment) Bill, 2020, tabled in the Assembly by Rural Development and Panchayat Raj Minister K.S. Eshwarappa said no-confidence motion could not be moved against the presidents and vice-presidents of all three-tiers of local bodies before 15 months from the date of election.

The Bill has rationalised property tax collection that GPs can do with respect to industries and vacant lands.

It has proposed no tax on vacant land in airport or industrial area or industrial areas where plantations are grown.

It proposes to levy 0.10% tax on the capital value of the property on runway area of an airport.

NOD FOR 83 LCA TEJAS MK-1A

About the Aircraft:

The Light Combat Aircraft LCA-Tejas was designed by the Aircraft Development Agency (ADA).

The ADA operates under DRDO (Defence Research Development Organization).

It was manufactured by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL).

These aircrafts are expected to be the backbone of Indian Air Force.

It is to be noted that India lost the 1962 war with China due to lack of sufficient fighter jets.

HAL Tejas is an Indian single-engine, delta wing, multirole light fighter .

It came from the Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) programme, which began in the 1980s to replace India’s ageing MiG-21

In 2003, the LCA was officially named “Tejas“.

The Tejas is designed to carry a veritable plethora of air-to-air, air-to- surface, precision guided and standoff weaponry.

Why in News?

The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) chaired by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh accorded approval for the procurement of 83 indigenous Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas Mk-1A from the Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. (HAL) by “finalising the contractual and other issues”.

The proposal will now be placed for consideration of the Cabinet Committee on Security [CCS].

The 83 jets are in addition to the 40 LCA already ordered by the IAF in two batches of 20 each in the Initial Operational Clearance and the Final Operational Clearance (FOC) configurations.

THE IMPORTANCE OF ‘CONTACT TRACING’

What is contact tracing?

Contract tracing is the process of identifying, assessing, and managing people who have been exposed to a disease to prevent transmission.

As per ICMR guidelines, which are also directions that have sound public health sense behind them, people who may have been exposed to the virus are to be followed for 28 days from the date of the probable last exposure/arrival from affected countries.

Any person who has had contact with the index patient under investigation/treatment for suspected, probable or confirmed case of SARS-COV-2, should be monitored for the appearance of symptoms.

Who is a contact?

Anyone who provided care for the suspect or confirmed case, including a health care worker (including those involved in cleaning, waste management, laboratory technicians, doctors) or family member, or anyone who had close physical contact; anyone who stayed at the same place (lived with, or visited) while the index patient was symptomatic.

If symptoms appear within the first 28 days following the contact, the individual should be considered a ‘probable’ case and reported through the Integrated Diseases Surveillance Programme network to the National Centre for Disease Control.

Tracing contacts:

As soon as the single event (confirmed SARS-CoV-2) is detected, contact tracing must be aggressively implemented, and preferably to be completed within 48 hours.

The contact tracing shall preferably be done by visiting the local residence of the contact(s) by a member of the health services team. In certain circumstances or for follow-up, phone calls may be made too, as per the rules.

On meeting the ‘contact person’, the visiting health worker should explain the purpose of contact tracing and collect data in a prescribed format. It is important to identify the social networks of the first patient and travel history during the 28 days after the onset of illness.

The patient, his or her family members, colleagues, school or college mates are sources of information about the contacts, as are others with knowledge of the patient’s recent travel and activities.

Contacts should be traced and monitored for at least 28 days after the last exposure to the case patient for evidence of COVID-19 symptoms to emerge. Case-wise line listing of all exposed contacts will be maintained, with the following information: demographic information, date of last exposure or date of contact with the case patient, and date of onset of fever or other symptoms, if any.

Symptomatic contacts:

Persons who have fever and cough and a history of contact with a confirmed case within the last 28 days should be referwred for isolation for strict infection control.

Samples must be collected and sent to the designated laboratory for testing, and appropriate wmedical management must begin.

If contacts show symptoms, they may be isolated at a health care facility or at home until the results come in. Once confirmed as positive for SARS-CoV-2, they must be shifted to a proper health facility.

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marymosley · 5 years

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Status of Fast Track Courts in India

After the night of 16 December, 2012, when a 23 year old woman, a para- medical student was brutally gangraped by 6 men on a moving private bus, in the country’s capital, the Delhi State Government decided to set up special fast track courts in the capital for disposing off pending rape cases against women and children, and for better investigation and swift resolution. The history of fast track courts in the country extends way back to 2001, when the then federal government decided to set up these fast track courts to address and tackle the backlog of pending cases in the district courts, sessions courts and other subordinate courts. Setting up of subordinate courts such as the fast track courts falls under the jurisdiction of the State Government, who in consultation with the High Court sets up such subordinates.

In 2013, the government approved the setting up of 1023 fast track courts in the nation to speedily dispose off the pending rape cases and the cases which fell under the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 ( POCSO Act). “The Empowered Committee of Officers under Nirbhaya Fund, under the chairmanship of secretary, Women and Child Development (WCD) Ministry has approved the following three major proposals which include setting up 1,023 Fast Track Special Courts (FTSCs) to dispose off pending cases of rape, and POCSO Act across the country. It would be divided into two phases- 777 FTSCs may be set up in nine states during the first phase, and in the second phase, 246 FTSCs will be set up,” the Women and Child Development Ministry said in a statement. This project received a financial sanction of total Rs. 767.25 crore.

Fast Track Courts in india

According to a recently released report by the Ministry of Law and Justice, Department of Justice on the 26th of June 2019 , currently, there are 581 fast track courts in the country that are functional. While the state of Uttar Pradesh has the highest number of functional fast track courts set at 206, there are some states and union territories such as- Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Rajasthan, Nagaland, Goa, Gujarat, Punjab, Chandigarh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Kerala and Lakshadweep, Meghalaya, Odisha, Puducherry, Uttarakhand, Daman and Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, and Sikkim, which do not have even a single fast track court that is functional.

State wise status of Fast Track Courts in India

But what could possibly be the reason for more than half of the country not having access to even a single fast track court. Have these fast track courts really proven to be fast enough? The answer is- to an extent because more than a million pending cases have been disposed off since the establishment of these courts. But the effect of setting up these fast track courts that was once anticipated is not that pleasing.

Grants released to States for Fast Track Courts

Status of Cases in these Courts

As per Law Ministry, Functional Fast Track Courts in 12 States have following status:

Let’s take a look at the various reasons for the failure of some states not having even a single fast track court and the effectiveness of the ones that are functional.

According to the suggestions of the fourteenth Finance Commission, the Center had proposed setting up 1,800 fast track courts at an expense of Rs 4,144 crore for the speedy trial of cases involving heinous crimes, including senior citizens, females, youngsters, physically challenged, and people influenced with terminal ailments and so forth.

The Law Commission, in 2003 and 2008, had suggested setting up permanent fast track courts for business cases and specially appointed quick track courts for different crimes to clear accumulations.

Incredibly, seven states and union territories in India that fall in the top10 positions for offences against females don’t have even a solitary fast track court for rape. Assam and Odisha, No.2 and 3 on this list, have zero special courts. Indeed, even Delhi, which tops the list, has just 14 fast track courts, while as per central government’s report in 2015, it needs 63.

The FTC framework in India takes a shot at possibility or we can say contingency. Truth be told, the term ‘fast track’ is a misconception. The criteria, technique and courses of action to follow the cases in a quicker manner remain very provisional. Additionally, throughout the years, the quantity of cases apportioned to them have likewise increased, which has led to the slowing down of the decision making procedure. Further, the term itself shows that the justice delivery framework is commonly lethargic. Another issue is that there are deficient number of fast track courts for the quantity of cases that are required to be decided. This leads to the overburdening of the courts and causes delay in setting off and disposing of cases. There is no exceptional methodology set out for the working of these courts to be pursued to guarantee a speedy trial. By and large, shorter dismissals would be given, however there is no prerequisite either to guarantee that cases are completely decided inside a specific time period, for example, a 6 months or a year nor is there any mandate that a fixed number of cases ought to be decided each month, similar to the inception of fast track courts. No extraordinary methodology/time barred quota for disposal of cases has been set out, in this way making our special courts indistinct from customary courts. Also, assigned staff working exclusively in a FTC isn’t constantly present. Once in a while, staff from other (regular) courts end up working in FTCs also. Furthermore, FTC staff are not given training exclusive to cases and offenses that they will handle while working in such courts. There is additionally an absence of enough funds being given to FTCs to choose and appoint adequate staff and to have advanced infrastructure like computer systems, sound video recording arrangements, cooling equipment such as air conditioners , and so forth. In some instances, even essentials, like cupboards to keep documents, isn’t present. The sorry condition of the framework is further borne out by the way that most cases documented and filed before such courts result in acquittals.

Senior Advocate, Rebecca Mammen John feels that FTCs are a political gimmick. “When the government doesn’t have any answers then it says death penalty and fast-track courts and like gullible idiots, we as citizens lap it up. Also, we look at FTCs from the prism of metropolitan cities like Delhi and Mumbai but India is larger than that. Outside of these cities, FTCs are virtually non-existent, and in many cases, they are inundated with so much work that the speed is still very slow. The problem is not one of fast-tracking every case.

Staff working in certain FTCs are on legally binding contractual arrangements; so they can leave whenever, and they don’t totally comprehend their responsibilities.The arrangement is to offer such staff permanent designations. Besides, if some staff go on leave, a lack emerges, as a substitution or replacement isn’t generally given easily.

“These courts are given unrealistic targets of cases to finish. They have been told they ought not get involved in too much technicality, and that broadly if they get a feeling that a person is guilty, then declare him guilty and if he is innocent, then declare him innocent. But that’s not how the criminal justice system works. It requires care and attention. Decisions are not made on the basis of hunches and guess work, which is what the fast-track courts turned out to be. Judges were cutting down on evidence, not allowing full cross-examinations, proceeding in the absence of lawyers in many cases,” said former Supreme Court chief justice KG Balakrishnan to the BBC network.

For healthy effectiveness, even the remaining portions of the framework, for example, the examination, investigation, filing of charge sheet, the medical reports and appeals should likewise be fast- tracked.

Author: Garima Khare (Summer Legal Intern at Legal Desire 2019)

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