#Sugarcane genome
Explore tagged Tumblr posts
Link
1 note
·
View note
Text
Sugarcane Genome Fully Mapped for the First Time
Contemporary hybrid sugarcane, the most harvested crop worldwide in terms of tonnage, fulfills 80 percent of the world's sugar production needs. This raw sugar is then converted into additional commercially valuable products including molasses, bio-based materials, and bioethanol. Until recently, sugarcane was the last major crop remaining without a reference-quality genome. Having a highly accurate, complete genome allows for whole-genome sequencing and the production of superior bioengineered variants.
Sequencing the sugarcane genome, presents some unique challenges, beginning with the ploidy of its genome. Most modern cultivars are derived from a cross between a high sugar content, octoploid S. officinarum and the ‘wild’, more disease resistant, polyploid Saccharum spontaneum. While traditional sugarcane breeding practices created a range of cultivars that flourish in diverse environments and are pathogen-resistant, sugar yield improvements have leveled off in recent years. Limiting factors included lengthy breeding cycles, lack of genetic diversity in breeding populations, and the sheer complexity of the sugarcane genome (approximately 114 chromosomes).
In March 2024, an international group of scientists announced a breakthrough by combining various techniques in mapping sugarcane's genetic code. Published in Nature, the research was undertaken under the United States Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (JGI). It included critical work performed at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California and the HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology in Alabama. International partners included several Australian, French, and Czech agencies and academic institutions, including the University of Queensland's ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture. Together, they focused on mapping R570, a sugarcane hybrid cultivar that scientists have employed for many years in researching sugarcane genetics.
Sugarcane's genome is complex due to its large size and a feature known as polyploidy, or the presence of many copies of chromosomes. The human genome has around three billion base pairs of DNA. By contrast, sugarcane contains 10 billion base pairs. Compounding the issue, many sections of the sugarcane DNA are identical, both internally and across various chromosomes. This creates obstacles when seeking to reassemble tiny DNA segments and reconstruct the genetic blueprint. Among the next-generation genetic sequencing techniques employed in piecing together this complex genetic code was PacBio HiFi, a sequencing approach that enables longer DNA section sequences to be accurately mapped.
With a complete reference genome, scientists can compare sugarcane's genes and transcription pathways with other extensively studied crops, from the biofuel feedstocks miscanthus and switchgrass to sorghum. Understanding sugarcane alongside other crops provides valuable insight into how each unique gene impacts traits of interest. A particular focus is understanding which genes are highly expressed during sugar production. Another emphasis is on identifying those genes that boost disease resistance. An example from a recent study involved singling out a location in the genome that contains all the genes that infer resistance to the commercially destructive fungal pathogen brown rust.
Having a complete genetic picture of R570 will make it much easier for researchers to identify those genes that control various traits and, in the process, improve yields. Not only will this increase the amount of sugar harvested from a limited land area, but it will also maximize other uses, such as employing bagasse, or residues remaining after sugarcane pressing, as a feedstock for bioproducts and biofuels. The genome has been made available to the public via Phytozome, the plant portal of the federally funded Joint Genome Institute.
0 notes
Text
Forecasting Market Dynamics: Size, Share, and Forecast of General Crop Farming
Rising demand for organic produce and globalization of agricultural markets is expected to drive the Global General Crop Farming Market growth in the forecast period, 2025-2029.
According to TechSci Research report, “General Crop Farming Market – Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Competition Forecast & Opportunities, 2029”, the Global General Crop Farming Market stood at USD 348.03 billion in 2023 and is anticipated to grow with a CAGR of 9.66% in the forecast period, 2025-2029. This phenomenon can be credited to governmental efforts and backing. Governments worldwide acknowledge the significance of agriculture and are initiating measures to bolster the overall crop farming industry. Financial incentives, subsidies, and infrastructure development ventures are being rolled out to empower agricultural workers.
Notably, nations such as India are actively investing in enhancing farming infrastructure, offering financial aid, and facilitating the marketing and transportation of agricultural products. Additionally, progress in bioinformatics is significantly impacting crop enhancement. Through the utilization of genomic data and bioinformatics tools, scientists and farmers can cultivate crops with increased yields, resistance to diseases, and improved nutritional content. This trend has the potential to transform crop breeding practices and contribute to global food security.
In the agricultural sector, the practice of cultivating crops for human consumption, animal feed, or commercial purposes is commonly referred to as general crop farming. This encompasses various types, including food crop farming, feed crop farming, fiber crop farming, and oil crop farming. For example, the cultivation of crops like sugar beets involves planting seeds in diverse soil types and employing techniques such as deep plowing post-harvest. General crop farming employs a range of methods, including organic, conventional, and traditional approaches, to support the production of food, beverages, and feed.
Browse over XX market data Figures spread through XX Pages and an in-depth TOC on "Global General Crop Farming Market” https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/general-crop-farming-market/23199.html
The increasing consumer awareness of health has led to a growing demand for organic food products. Consequently, farmers nationwide are increasingly adopting organic farming methods, positively impacting the market outlook. Additionally, the Indian government is actively involved in several initiatives aimed at enhancing the existing farming infrastructure. Financial assistance is provided to farmers to support marketing and transportation of agricultural products, thus boosting exports. These proactive measures are expected to drive market expansion.
The Global General Crop Farming Market is segmented into type, application, farming process, regional distribution, and company.
Based on its type, the sugar beet farming is poised to dominate the Global General Crop Farming Market due to several compelling factors. Sugar beets have a relatively high yield potential compared to many other crops. They can produce a significant amount of sugar per acre, making them economically attractive for farmers. Sugar beets are not only a source of sugar but also used in the production of ethanol, which is a renewable fuel. Additionally, sugar beet pulp can be used as livestock feed, adding to its versatility.
Sugar beets are adaptable to a range of climates, from temperate to cooler regions. This versatility allows for cultivation in various geographical locations, increasing their market reach. The global demand for sugar and alternative fuels continues to rise. Sugar beets offer a renewable and potentially more sustainable source of sugar compared to sugarcane, which requires tropical climates for cultivation. Advances in agricultural technology, such as precision farming techniques and genetically modified varieties, have improved sugar beet yields and reduced production costs, further enhancing their competitiveness in the market.
In many countries, governments provide subsidies and incentives for sugar beet cultivation, further encouraging farmers to grow this crop. Sugar beet cultivation can also provide agronomic benefits such as weed and pest control when used in crop rotation systems, which can contribute to overall soil health and sustainability. While market prices for sugar can fluctuate, sugar beet farming often offers more stable pricing arrangements through contracts with sugar processing companies, providing farmers with a predictable income.
Based on region, the North America is the fastest growing region in the Global general crop farming Market. North America is at the forefront of agricultural technology adoption, including precision farming techniques, advanced machinery, and genetic engineering. These technologies enhance productivity, reduce production costs, and improve overall efficiency in crop farming. Many farms in North America are large-scale commercial operations that benefit from economies of scale. These farms can invest in modern equipment and technologies, allowing them to increase output and remain competitive in the global market. North America has a diverse range of climates and geographical features, allowing for the cultivation of a wide variety of crops.
This diversity mitigates risks associated with crop failure due to weather or pest outbreaks and provides opportunities for farmers to capitalize on market demands for different crops. Governments in North America often provide support and subsidies to the agricultural sector, including crop insurance programs, research and development grants, and price stabilization measures. These incentives encourage farmers to adopt new technologies, expand their operations, and remain competitive in the global market. In addition to traditional crops like corn, wheat, and soybeans, there is a growing demand for specialty crops such as fruits, vegetables, and nuts in North America. This demand is driven by factors such as changing consumer preferences, dietary trends, and increasing health consciousness.
Farmers in North America are capitalizing on these opportunities by diversifying their crop portfolios and catering to niche markets. North America is a major exporter of agricultural products to global markets. Access to international trade networks and the ability to meet stringent quality and safety standards enable North American farmers to capture market share in regions with growing demand for agricultural products. Universities, research institutions, and private companies in North America are actively engaged in agricultural research and development. This ongoing innovation leads to the development of new crop varieties, improved farming practices, and sustainable solutions for crop production, further driving growth in the sector.
Major companies operating in Global General Crop Farming Market are:
Associated British Foods PLC.
Sinochem International Corporation
Batu Kawan Bhd
Syngenta AG
KWS Saat SE & Co KGaA
Tata Consumer Products Limited
Yuan Longping High-tech Agriculture Co., Ltd.
Menderes Tekstil Sanayi ve Ticaret AS
Seed Co Ltd.
Fresh Del Monte Produce Inc.
Download Free Sample Report https://www.techsciresearch.com/sample-report.aspx?cid=23199
Customers can also request for 10% free customization on this report
“The upcoming trends in the Global General Crop Farming Market signal a dynamic and exciting future for the agricultural sector. As technology, sustainability, and consumer preferences converge, farmers and stakeholders must embrace the trends to foster innovation, enhance productivity, and ensure a resilient and sustainable global food supply chain. The cultivation of tomorrow's crops will be shaped by a blend of traditional wisdom and cutting-edge technologies, creating a landscape that is both productive and environmentally conscious,” said Mr. Karan Chechi, Research Director with TechSci Research, a research-based management consulting firm.
“General Crop Farming Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Type (Tobacco Farming, Sugar beet Farming, Cotton Farming, Others), By Application (Food & Beverages, Fodder), By Farming Process (Organic Farming, Traditional Farming), By Region, By Competition, 2019-2029F”, has evaluated the future growth potential of Global General Crop Farming Market and provides statistics & information on market size, structure and future market growth. The report intends to provide cutting-edge market intelligence and help decision makers take sound investment decisions. Besides, the report also identifies and analyzes the emerging trends along with essential drivers, challenges, and opportunities in Global General Crop Farming Market.
Browse Related Reports
Environmental Testing Market https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/environmental-testing-market/2405.html Glyphosate Market https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/glyphosate-market/19523.html Integrated Pest Management Market https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/integrated-pest-management-market/7782.html
Contact
TechSci Research LLC
420 Lexington Avenue, Suite 300,
New York, United States- 10170
Tel: +13322586602
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.techsciresearch.com
#General Crop Farming Market#General Crop Farming Market Size#General Crop Farming Market Share#General Crop Farming Market Trends#General Crop Farming Market Growth
0 notes
Text
An article published in the journal "Nature" reports the results of a high-quality sequencing of sugarcane DNA. The name generally refers to the Saccharum officinarum species but actually, the cultivars are hybrids with the Saccharum spontaneum species, sometimes called wild sugarcane. The polyploid sugarcane genome has become one of the most complex known, which is why it's been so difficult to completely sequence. Now a team of researchers combined different genetic techniques to obtain the genome of the variety referred to as R570, a typically modern cultivar.
0 notes
Text
Genome-wide DNase I-hypersensitive site assay reveals distinct genomic distributions and functional features of open chromatin in autopolyploid sugarcane
Pubmed: http://dlvr.it/Sy4n7T
0 notes
Link
Plant genomics caters to several applications such as yield management, diseases resistance, and herbicide tolerance. The utilization of technologies in plant genomics, such as DNA/RNA sequencing, genotyping, marker-assisted selection and bioinformatics, is expected to augment the growth of plant genomics in the technology sector. Moreover, depleting agricultural land and increasing demand for fresh agricultural produce all around the year are expected to propagate the growth of plant genomics market.
Get the Sample Report of Plant Genomics Market at: https://bisresearch.com/requestsample?id=1034&type=download
#plant genomics#ensembl plants#the plant genome#rice genome#arabidopsis genome#arabidopsis thaliana genome#tree genetics and genomes#the first crop plant genome sequenced#first crop plant genome sequenced#tree genetics & genomes#genome editing in plants#nicotiana benthamiana genome#genome tree#brassica napus genome#brassica rapa genome#plant mitochondrial genome#sunflower genome#first plant genome to be sequenced#sugarcane genome#medicago truncatula genome#list of sequenced plant genomes#oryza sativa genome#triticum aestivum genome#pea genome#haploid genome meaning#dna free genome editing#physcomitrella patens genome#zea mays genome#plant and animal genome#vitis vinifera genome
0 notes
Text
North Africans were among the first to colonize the Canary Islands
People from North Africa are likely the main group that founded the indigenous population on the Canary Islands, arriving by 1000 CE, reports a new study by Rosa Fregel of Stanford University and Universidad de La Laguna, Spain, and colleagues, published March 20, 2019 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE.
Numerous studies of the culture and genetics of indigenous people living in the Canary Islands, an archipelago off the coast of Morocco, point to North African Berbers as the founders, but more recent human activities—such as the Spanish conquest, the start of sugarcane plantations and the slave trade—have changed the indigenous population's genetic makeup. To shed light on who first colonized the archipelago, researchers analyzed 48 ancient mitochondrial genomes from 25 archaeological sites across the seven main islands. They selected mitochondrial genomes because, since they are inherited directly from the mother, they are especially consistent and useful for tracking human migrations. Read more.
154 notes
·
View notes
Text
Most complete commercial sugarcane genome sequence assembled
An international group of researchers led by Brazilian scientists has assembled the most complete genome sequence of commercial sugarcane. They mapped 373,869 genes or 99.1 percent of the total genome.
This feat is the result of almost 20 years of research, and will serve as a basis for the genetic improvement of the world's largest crop in tonnage according to the U.N. Food & Agriculture Organization (FAO).
An article describing the study is published in GigaScience. Its lead authors are Glaucia Mendes Souza, a full professor at the University of São Paulo's Chemistry Institute (IQ-USP) and a member of the steering committee for the FAPESP Bioenergy Research Program (BIOEN- FAPESP), and Marie-Anne Van Sluys, a full professor at the same university's Bioscience Institute (IB-USP) and a member of FAPESP's Life Sciences Adjunct Panel.
"It's the first time all the genes of the sugarcane plant, or the vast majority, have been seen. In previous projects by various research groups, the sequences had to be collapsed for lack of a proper assembly tool, so they were only an approximation," said Souza.
"This knowledge opens up many possibilities, from applications in biotechnology to genetic improvement and gene editing [substitution or elimination of genes with specific functions]," said Van Sluys.
Continue reading.
4 notes
·
View notes
Text
Filter forge 4.014 patch
FILTER FORGE 4.014 PATCH INSTALL
FILTER FORGE 4.014 PATCH UPGRADE
FILTER FORGE 4.014 PATCH FULL
FILTER FORGE 4.014 PATCH KEYGEN
If not working, just uninstall FF 5 for now, and everything will be OK. If it is FF 5, try to change the default application to open FF filters from FF 5 to FF 4.
FILTER FORGE 4.014 PATCH INSTALL
If it is FF 4, you can simply click Tools and then Updates in your FF 4 and it will download and install the last update without that you have to pay any other money. If this is the issue, please check which version of FF opens when you try to download a filter.
FILTER FORGE 4.014 PATCH UPGRADE
Then he downloaded and installed FF 5 that, as we know, can't download the library filters.įF 5 not only installed, but also became the default FF version to open and download filters ( this mean that if he tries to open a filter of the library, it goes to use FF 5 for downloading it instead of FF 4.įF 5 will pop up the message that the filter can't be downloaded, asking him to upgrade ( when there is nothing to upgrade because anyway FF 5 can't download it ). He has also published widely with 73 publications in International Journals and has several conference papers, book chapters and reports.Maybe I got what he means. never gtk2 - Always able to use Python 3 - No longer need to filter rpm provides for private shared objects. He has served as consultant for some leading Biotech companies in India. His current research interests include-Developing enzymes for biomass conversion, Glucose tolerant β-glucosidases, heterologous protein expression in fungi, and fungal genomics. He played the leading role in setting up the CBF’s lignocellulosic ethanol pilot plant, and the solid state enzyme production pilot plant at CSIR-NIIST. He has 20 years of research experience spanning diverse fields including fermentation technology, embryonic stem cell biology and transcriptomics, though currently he is working mainly on biomass conversion technologies. There should be a place to tum when you wont to update programs your. He is also the activity lead for the Centre for Biofuels (CBF) at CSIR-NIIST. The objective of this cooperation project between the Department of Romance Studies and the ZIM (Centre for Information Modelling - Austrian Centre for Digital Humanities) is the creation of an Open Access Database Adjective-Adverb Interfaces in Romance. Rajeev Sukumaran is heading the Biofuels and Biorefineries Section at the CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology’s Microbial Processes and Technology Division., in Trivandrum, India.
FILTER FORGE 4.014 PATCH FULL
His primary research interest is to develop the sustainable process for bioconversion of lignocellulosics into renewable energy and biochemicals.Proactive research lead with entrepreneur mindset, that brings hands on strategic experience in research projects and startup of piloting to full commercial scale operations.ĭr. He has also co-edited 4 books on D-xylitol, lignocellulose degradation, extremophiles and Brazilian bioenergy development. Overall, he has 16 years’ research experience working in industries and universities on biomass conversion into ethanol, industrial enzymes production and membrane based separations. He has published 52 articles in peer-reviewed journals and 16 book chapters. He is responsible for scientific leadership for deployment of cellulosic ethanol process at demonstration plant and scale up activities. Chandel is working as a lead scientist for cellulosic ethanol production at Centro de Tecnologia Canavieira (Sugarcane Technology Centre, CTC), Piracicaba, Brazil. 5e032f240e ing Group Encryption (GE), for encrypting into certified, preserving applications 17, such as filtering encrypted traffic or 'forgetting '.
FILTER FORGE 4.014 PATCH KEYGEN
To the technical, policy analysis, climate change, geo-political analysis of bioenergy and green transportation fuels at industrial scale.ĭr. Download Ge filter keygen - Ge filter keygen.zip.To its coverage of technological updates on biomass collection, storage and use, biomass processing, microbial fermentation, catalysis, regeneration, solar energy and monitoring of renewable energy and recovery process.As a first uniquely focused scientific and technical literature on bioenergy production in the context of India.63 the records I had been using, citing many of the academic. The following features of this book attribute its distinctiveness: He uses some of 44 In Tractatus logico-philosophicus (1921, 4.014). Hence, it is a useful resource to policy makers, policy analysts, techno-economic analysts and business managers who deal with commercialization and implementation of bio-based energy and other value-added products. This book presents important aspects on the large scale production of biofuels following a bio-refinery concept and its commercialization and sustainability issues. This book will provide assistance to the broad range of readers involved in the crude oil import and production renewable energy production biomass analysis and bioconversion greenhouse gas emissions techno-economic analysis and government policies for implementing biofuels in India.
0 notes
Text
An Integrated Physiological, Cytology and Proteomics Reveals Network of Sugarcane Protoplasts Responses to Enzymolysis
The protoplast experimental system has been becoming a powerful tool for functional genomics and cell fusion breeding. However, the physiology and molecular mechanism during enzymolysis is not completely understood and has become a major obstacle to protoplast regeneration. Our study used physiological, cytology, iTRAQ (Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantification) -based proteomic and RT-PCR analyses to compare the young leaves of sugarcane (ROC22) and protoplasts of more than 90% viability. We found that oxidation product MDA content increased in the protoplasts after enzymolysis and several antioxidant enzymes such as POD, CAT, APX, and O2- content significantly decreased. The cytology results showed that after enzymolysis, the cell membranes were perforated to different degrees, the nuclear activity was weakened, the nucleolus structure was not obvious, and the microtubules depolymerized and formed many short rod-like structures in protoplasts. The proteomic results showed that 1,477 differential proteins were down-regulated and 810 were up-regulated after enzymolysis of sugarcane young leaves. The GO terms, KEGG and KOG enrichment analysis revealed that differentially abundant proteins were mainly involved in bioenergetic metabolism, cellular processes, osmotic stress, and redox homeostasis of protoplasts, which would allow protein biosynthesis or / degradation. The RT-PCR analysis revealed the expression of osmotic stress resistance genes such as DREB, WRKY, MAPK4, and NAC were up-regulated. Meanwhile, the expression of key regeneration genes such as CyclinD3, CyclinA, CyclinB, Cdc2, PSK, CESA and GAUT were significantly down-regulated in the protoplasts. Hierarchical clustering, identification of redox proteins and oxidation products showed that these proteins were involved in dynamic networks in response to oxidative stress after enzymolysis. We used a variety of methods to figure out how young sugarcane leaves react to enzymes. http://dlvr.it/SZMPDy
0 notes
Text
Fwd: Graduate position: ArkansasStateU.PlantEvolutionaryGenomics
Begin forwarded message: > From: [email protected] > Subject: Graduate position: ArkansasStateU.PlantEvolutionaryGenomics > Date: 2 March 2022 at 08:32:52 GMT > To: [email protected] > > > Plant Evolutionary Genomics Master’s Student Position at Arkansas > State University The Bellis & Marsico Labs are seeking a Master’s > student interested in plant evolutionary genomics, with a desire to > study the evolutionary ecology of invasive grasses that alter fire > regimes. Specifically, we are seeking a driven student interested in > studying the genomic diversity of wild sugarcane (Saccharum spontaneum), > a Federal Noxious Weed, that is an emerging concern in the USA. The > student will conduct genomic sequence analysis to characterize the > origins of naturalizing wild sugarcane populations and their hybrids > and to understand mechanisms of adaptation to novel environments in the > southeastern USA. > > This project is part of our ongoing collaborative research with Dr. Rima > Lucardi (USDA Forest Service) that previously identified wild sugarcane > as the most abundant taxon hitchhiking into the USA on air-intake grilles > of refrigerated shipping containers (Lucardi et al. 2020). In addition > to genomic analysis, there is potential to contribute to field work, > greenhouse experiments, and vascular plant identification for the broader > collaborative project depending on student interests. > > A Bachelor’s degree in botany, biology, genetics, bioinformatics, data > science, computational biology, computer science, or related field is > required. Applicants should have a strong desire for scientific discovery, > a thirst for adventure, and a knowledge of or willingness to learn > programming (R and/or Python) and command-line tools for genomic analysis. > > Funding for this position is provided through a combination of a teaching > assistantship and through a research assistantship funded through the USDA > Forest Service and includes a tuition waiver. Summers are fully covered. > > Applicants who are members of historically minoritized communities > including Black/African American, Indigenous, Latinx, LGBTQIA+, > and/or first-generation college students are particularly encouraged > to apply. The successful applicant should plan to begin in August 2022 > or January 2023, though there is a possibility to start as an hourly > employee prior to beginning graduate school. > > Arkansas State University is a comprehensive, state-supported, doctoral > university with high research activity (R2). The Department of Biological > Sciences has nearly 500 undergraduate and 60 graduate students across > Biology, Environmental Sciences, and Molecular BioSciences graduate > programs. Jonesboro is a community of nearly 80,000 people located in > Northeast Arkansas, amidst the Mississippi Alluvial Plain and Crowley’s > Ridge ecoregions. We are an hour away from Memphis, Tennessee, and the > Ozark Highlands. Jonesboro is a regional center for quality healthcare, > and it has a variety of dining and entertainment options, a low cost of > living, and plenty of recreational opportunities. > > You can learn more about the Bellis and Marsico labs at > https://ift.tt/VE9m1QS and www.travismarsico.com. > > If you plan to apply, please send an email to [email protected] that > includes 1) a cover letter describing your interests, career goals, > and relevant research experiences and skills; 2) your Curriculum > Vitae [including names and contact information for three references]; > and 3) a copy of your academic transcripts (unofficial copies are > acceptable). Review of requested pre-application materials listed above > will begin on March 15, 2022 and continue until position is filled. > > > Emily S. Bellis, Ph.D. > > Assistant Professor of Bioinformatics > Arkansas State University > > Associate Director & Division Lead > Center for No-Boundary Thinking > Division of Biological Systems > > web: https://ift.tt/VE9m1QS > email: [email protected] > > > Emily Bellis > via IFTTT
0 notes
Text
Ph.D. Student (Florida): Plant Genome Editing CABBI | Center for Advanced Bioenergy & Bioproducts Innovation
Ph.D. Student (Florida): Plant Genome Editing CABBI | Center for Advanced Bioenergy & Bioproducts Innovation
Jobs — Employment Opportunities at CABBI The Plant Molecular Physiology lab at University of Florida, headed by Professor Fredy Altpeter, is seeking a highly motivated Ph.D. student with experience in plant tissue culture and genetic engineering and molecular biology to join our team. The research program focuses on genome editing and metabolic engineering of sugarcane to improve crop performance…
View On WordPress
0 notes
Photo
Success is sweet: Researchers unlock the mysteries of the sugarcane genome For centuries, sugarcane has supplied human societies with alcohol, biofuel, building and weaving materials, and the world's most relied-upon source of sugar.
#Apes; Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Monkeys; Endangered Animals; Mating and Breeding; Biochemistry Research; Zoology#genome#mysteries#Researchers#success#Sugarcane#Sweet#unlock
0 notes
Text
Most complete commercial sugarcane genome sequence assembled
See on Scoop.it - COMPARE RISK COMMUNICATION
An international group of researchers led by Brazilian scientists has assembled the most complete genome sequence of commercial sugarcane. They mapped 373,869 genes or 99.1 percent of the total genome.
0 notes
Text
Modified enzyme can improve second-generation ethanol manufacturing
http://tinyurl.com/y39lttom One of many primary challenges of second-generation biofuel manufacturing is figuring out enzymes produced by microorganisms to be used in a “cocktail” of enzymes to catalyze biomass hydrolysis, during which the enzymes act collectively to interrupt down the carbohydrates in sugarcane trash and bagasse, for instance, and convert them into easy sugars for fermentation. A bunch of researchers on the College of Campinas (UNICAMP), working in partnership with colleagues on the Brazilian Biorenewables Nationwide Laboratory (LNBR) in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, have found that Trichoderma harzianum, a fungus discovered within the Amazon, produces an enzyme with the potential to play a key position in enzyme cocktails. The enzyme, which is named β-glucosidase and belongs to glycoside hydrolase household 1 (GH1), acts within the final stage of biomass degradation to provide free glucose for fermentation and conversion into ethanol. Within the laboratory, nevertheless, the researchers noticed that prime ranges of glucose inhibited the exercise of β-glucosidase. “We additionally discovered that the enzyme’s optimum catalytic exercise occurred at 40 °C. This represented one other impediment to make use of of the enzyme as a result of in an industrial setting, the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass is carried out at greater temperatures, sometimes round 50 °C,” mentioned Clelton Aparecido dos Santos, a postdoctoral researcher at UNICAMP’s Middle for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG) with a scholarship from FAPESP. Based mostly on an evaluation of the enzyme’s construction mixed with genomics and molecular biology strategies, the researchers have been capable of modify the construction to resolve these issues and significantly improve its biomass degradation effectivity. The research resulted from a venture with a regular research grant from FAPESP and a Thematic Project additionally supported by FAPESP. The findings are published within the journal Scientific Experiences. “The modified protein we developed proved way more environment friendly than the unmodified enzyme and can be utilized to complement the enzyme cocktails offered in the present day to interrupt down biomass and produce second-generation biofuels,” Santos instructed. To reach on the modified protein, the researchers initially in contrast the crystal construction of the unique molecule with buildings of different wild-type β-glucosidases within the GH1 and GH3 glycoside hydrolase households. The outcomes of the evaluation confirmed that glucose-tolerant GH1 glucosidases had a deeper and narrower substrate channel than different β-glucosidases and that this channel restricted glucose entry to the enzyme’s lively web site. Much less glucose-tolerant β-glucosidases had a shallower however wider lively web site entrance channel, permitting extra of the glucose produced by these enzymes to enter the final stage of biomass degradation. Retained glucose blocks the protein’s channel and reduces its catalytic exercise. Based mostly on this commentary, the researchers used a molecular biology method often known as site-directed mutagenesis to switch two amino acids that is likely to be appearing as “gatekeepers” on the entrance to the enzyme’s lively web site, letting in glucose or blocking it. Evaluation of their experiments confirmed that the modification narrowed the channel to the lively web site. “The mutant enzyme’s lively web site shrank to the same dimension to that of the glucose-tolerant GH1 β-glucosidases,” Santos mentioned. Enhanced effectivity The researchers performed various experiments to measure the improved protein’s efficiency in breaking down biomass, particularly sugarcane bagasse, an agroindustrial waste with huge potential for worthwhile use in Brazil. Throughout a analysis internship overseas with a scholarship from São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP, Santos labored with a analysis group led by Paul Dupree, a professor on the College of Cambridge within the UK, on an evaluation of the tailor-made enzyme’s glucose launch effectivity when completely different sources of plant biomass have been transformed. The evaluation confirmed that the catalytic effectivity of the modified enzyme was 300% greater than that of the wild-type enzyme when it comes to glucose launch. Furthermore, it was extra glucose-tolerant, so extra glucose was launched from all of the examined plant biomass feedstocks. The mutation additionally enhanced the enzyme’s thermal stability throughout fermentation. “Mutation of the 2 amino acids on the lively web site made the enzyme superefficient. It is prepared for industrial software,” mentioned Anete Pereira de Souza, a professor at UNICAMP and principal investigator for the venture. “One of many enzyme’s benefits is that it is produced in vitro and never from a modified fungus or different organism, so it may be mass-produced at comparatively low value.” ### About São Paulo Analysis Basis (FAPESP) The São Paulo Analysis Basis (FAPESP) is a public establishment with the mission of supporting scientific analysis in all fields of information by awarding scholarships, fellowships and grants to investigators linked with greater schooling and analysis establishments within the State of São Paulo, Brazil. FAPESP is conscious that the perfect analysis can solely be carried out by working with the very best researchers internationally. Subsequently, it has established partnerships with funding businesses, greater schooling, personal firms, and analysis organizations in different international locations identified for the standard of their analysis and has been encouraging scientists funded by its grants to additional develop their worldwide collaboration. You may be taught extra about FAPESP at http://www.fapesp.br/en and go to FAPESP information company at http://www.agencia.fapesp.br/en to maintain up to date with the newest scientific breakthroughs FAPESP helps obtain by means of its many applications, awards and analysis facilities. You may additionally subscribe to FAPESP information company at http://agencia.fapesp.br/subscribe. Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are usually not chargeable for the accuracy of stories releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing establishments or for using any data by means of the EurekAlert system. Source link
0 notes
Text
SRF @ ICAR-SBI
ICAR- Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Veerakeralam, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641007 WALK-IN-INTERVIEW Senior Research Fellow (01) Title of project: “Development of Sugarcane bacilliform Virus (SCBV) based VIGS vector for functional genomics in sugarcane” Essential Qualifications:
i) MSc. In Life Sciences /Agriculture/Biotechnology or MTech in Biotechnology / Life Sciences together with…
View On WordPress
0 notes