#Sirtf

[blueiscoool]

Spitzer Telescope

These bright young stars are found in a rosebud-shaped (and rose-colored) nebulosity known as NGC 7129. The star cluster and its associated nebula are located at a distance of 3300 light-years in the constellation Cepheus.

The Spitzer Space Telescope, formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF), was an infrared space telescope launched in 2003. Operations ended on 30 January 2020.

[lowkeynando]

and general trends recorded. Nearby examples of specific phenomena, such as variable stars, can then be used to infer the behavior of more distant representatives. Those distant yardsticks can then be employed to measure other phenomena in that neighborhood, including the distance to a galaxy.

Galileo Galilei turned a telescope to the heavens and recorded what he saw. Since that time, observational astronomy has made steady advances with each improvement in telescope technology. NASA's series of Great Observatories satellites are four large, powerful space-based astronomical telescopes launched between 1990 and 2003. They were built with different technology to examine specific wavelength/energy regions of the electromagnetic spectrum: gamma rays, X-rays, visible and ultraviolet light, and infrared light.

The Spitzer Space Telescope, formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF), was an infrared space telescope launched in 2003.

Operations ended on 30 January 2020. [5][9]

Spitzer was the third space telescope dedicated to infrared astronomy, following IRAS (1983) and ISO (1995-1998). It was the first spacecraft to use an Earth-trailing orbit, later used by the Kepler planet-finder. The planned mission period was to be 2.5 years with a pre-launch expectation that the mission could extend to five or slightly more years until the onboard liquidJUNGLEWOODNETHERRACKNETHERWARTAAENCHANTMENTTABLECHORUSFLOWERAAAAAAAAREDSTONEREPEATERREDSTONECOMPARATORAATRiPWiREHOOKCOMMANDBLOCKSTiCKYPiSTONAAALiENSSPECiESFAiRiESDEiTiESGODSCLOWNSAAAROBOTSANDROiDSARTiFiCiALiNTELLiGENCESAAABRAiNSPOWERSiNTELLiGENCEQUOTiENTSAAAAAWORMSTAPEWORMSTUBESTUMORSCANCERSAAAHOSTSENTiTiESPARASiTESBACTERiASFUNGiSAAAMiCROORGANiSMSMUSHROOMSSCiENCESAAAAAPHYSiCSWiTCHCRAFTMAGiCSVOODOOSHOODOOSWiZARDSWARLOCKSCULTSSECRETSOCiETiESAAAALTEREGOSiNNERDEMONSCROSSROADDEMONSAMEDiCALTREATMENTS CLONES

[world-beauty]

SIRTF: Name This Satellite

Credits: Lockheed Martin Missiles & Space

[booksvenue1]

Making the Invisible Visible-Booksvenue

BUY NOW This publication, "Making the Invisible Visible: A History of the Spitzer Infrared Telescope Facility (1971-2003)," makes visible the invisible forces that influenced the design of Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF's) innovative technology. The lessons learned by the project team over the course of building SIRTF, now better known as the Spitzer Space Telescope, are about managing innovation over time and in the face of uncertainty. To know more please visit our website www.booksvenue.com best online book shopping website in Uae

[demiurgeua]

NASA оприлюднила світлину галактики в сузір'ї Цефей

NASA оприлюднила світлину галактики в сузір’ї Цефей

Вчені Національного управління з аеронавтики й дослідження космічного простору США (National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA) оприлюднили світлину емісійної туманності IC 1396A (Туманність Хобот слона – Elephant’s Trunk Nebula), що розташована в сузір’ї Цефей. Знімок зоряного скупчення був отриманий за допомогою космічного телескопа Spitzer в інфрачервоному випромінюванні. Вчені NASA…

[pkstudiosindia]

We rate top celebrity diets – from Kim Kardashian’s plant-based one to Adele’s Sirtfood and Gwyneth Paltrow’s – The Sun

We rate top celebrity diets – from Kim Kardashian’s plant-based one to Adele’s Sirtfood and Gwyneth Paltrow’s – The Sun Trending Now: sareebasket.com Products on more than 50% Discount Price offer:Get yours from https://sareebasket.com/shop Exclusive Offer Ending Soon.......Learn more from This Link https://sareebasket.com/we-rate-top-celebrity-diets-from-kim-kardashians-plant-based-one-to-adeles-sirtfood-and-gwyneth-paltrows-the-sun/ Like us in https://www.facebook.com/PriceDropOffer ....Trending Now: SareeBasket.com ...................Products on more than 70% Discount Price offer.....................:Get yours from https://sareebasket.com/shop ............Exclusive Offer Ending Soon...................... SareeBasket.com ..............Our Fast Moving Products on Discount Sale Offer................#SareeBasket #BeauticianIndia #BeautyProducts.....#saree....#Blouse....#SareeBlouse......#Petticoat..... #ShapeWear....#indianwedding..#India.....#sareeblogger.....#sareeblousedesigns....#sareeonline....#sareel overs....#sareefashion....#fashion... #fashionindia....#banarasisaree....#officeSaree.....#weddingsaree....#sareecollection.... #sareeblouseinspiration....#sareedraping...#suratsaree...#lovesaree...#Silksaree....#handloomsaree... #saree...#Top...#GirlsTop ....#Bra...#InnerWear......#YogaDress.......Limited Time Sale Offer.....Visit - https://sareebasket.com/shop

[spaceexp]

NASA Celebrates the Legacy of the Spitzer Space Telescope

NASA - Spitzer Space Telescope patch. Jan. 22, 2020

Image above: In this artist's rendering of NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope in space, the background is shown in infrared light. Image Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech. NASA is celebrating the legacy of one of its Great Observatories, the Spitzer Space Telescope, which has studied the universe in infrared light for more than 16 years. The Spitzer mission will come to a close on Jan. 30. Launched in 2003, Spitzer revealed previously hidden features of known cosmic objects and led to discoveries and insights spanning from our own solar system to nearly the edge of the universe. "Spitzer taught us how important infrared light is to understanding our universe, both in our own cosmic neighborhood and as far away as the most distant galaxies," said Paul Hertz, director of astrophysics at NASA Headquarters. "The advances we make across many areas in astrophysics in the future will be because of Spitzer's extraordinary legacy."

NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope (Mission Overview)

Spitzer was designed to study "the cold, the old and the dusty," three things astronomers can observe particularly well in infrared light. Infrared light refers to a range of wavelengths on the infrared spectrum, from those measuring about 700 nanometers (too small to see with the naked eye) to about 1 millimeter (about the size of the head of a pin). Different infrared wavelengths can reveal different features of the universe. For example, Spitzer can see things too cold to emit much visible light, including exoplanets (planets outside our solar system), brown dwarfs and cold matter found in the space between stars. As for "the old," Spitzer has studied some of the most distant galaxies ever detected. The light from some of them has traveled for billions of years to reach us, enabling scientists to see those objects as they were long, long ago. In fact, working together, Spitzer and the Hubble Space Telescope (which observes primarily in visible light and at shorter infrared wavelengths than those detected by Spitzer) identified and studied the most distant galaxy observed to date. The light we see from that galaxy was emitted 13.4 billion years ago, when the universe was less than 5% of its current age.

Image above: The Spitzer Space Telescope (formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility or SIRTF) is readied for launch at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, in 2003. Image Credit: NASA. Among other things, the two observatories found that such early galaxies are heavier than scientists expected. And by studying galaxies closer to us, Spitzer has deepened our understanding of how galaxy formation has evolved during the universe's lifetime. Spitzer also has a keen eye for interstellar dust, which is prevalent throughout most galaxies. Mixed with gas in massive clouds, it can condense to form stars, and the remains can give birth to planets. With a technique called spectroscopy, Spitzer can analyze the chemical composition of dust to learn about the ingredients that form planets and stars. In 2005, after NASA's Deep Impact mission intentionally slammed into Comet Tempel 1, the telescope analyzed the dust that was kicked up, providing a list of materials that would have been present in the early solar system. What's more, Spitzer found a previously undetected ring around Saturn, composed of sparse dust particles that visible-light observatories can't see.

Image above: The magnificent spiral arms of the nearby galaxy Messier 81 are highlighted in this image from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope. Located in the northern constellation of Ursa Major, this galaxy is located about 12 million light-years from Earth. Image Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech. In addition, some infrared wavelengths of light can penetrate dust when visible light cannot, allowing Spitzer to reveal regions that would otherwise remain obscured from view. "It's quite amazing when you lay out everything that Spitzer has done in its lifetime, from detecting asteroids in our solar system no larger than a stretch limousine to learning about some of the most distant galaxies we know of," said Michael Werner, Spitzer's project scientist. To deepen their scientific insights, Spitzer scientists have frequently combined their findings with those of many other observatories, including two of NASA's other Great Observatories, Hubble and the Chandra X-ray Observatory.

Image above: This image from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope shows hundreds of thousands of stars crowded into the swirling core of our spiral Milky Way galaxy. In this image, old and cool stars are blue, while dust features lit up by blazing hot, massive stars are shown in a reddish hue. Image Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech. Other Worlds Some of Spitzer's greatest scientific discoveries, including those regarding exoplanets, weren't part of the mission's original science goals. The team used a technique called the transit method, which looks for a dip in a star's light that results when a planet passes in front of it, to confirm the presence of two Earth-size planets in the TRAPPIST-1 system. Then Spitzer discovered another five Earth-size planets in the same system — and provided crucial information about their densities — amounting to the largest batch of terrestrial exoplanets ever discovered around a single star. One of the first observatories to distinguish the light coming directly from an exoplanet, Spitzer harnessed the same capability for another first: detecting molecules in the atmosphere of an exoplanet. (Previous studies had revealed individual chemical elements in exoplanet atmospheres.) And it provided the first measurements of temperature variations and wind in an exoplanet atmosphere as well. "When Spitzer was being designed, scientists had not yet found a single transiting exoplanet, and by the time Spitzer launched, we still knew about only a handful," said Sean Carey, manager of the Spitzer Science Center at IPAC at Caltech in Pasadena, California. "The fact that Spitzer became such a powerful exoplanet tool, when that wasn't something the original planners could have possibly prepared for, is really profound. And we generated some results that absolutely knocked our socks off."

Image above: Newborn stars peek out from beneath their natal blanket of dust in this dynamic image of the Rho Ophiuchi dark cloud from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope. Called "Rho Oph" by astronomers, it's one of the closest star-forming regions to our own solar system, about 407 light-years from Earth. Image Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech. Keeping Cool One of Spitzer's major strengths is its sensitivity — that is, its ability to detect very faint sources of infrared light. Earth is a major source of infrared radiation, and trying to see faint infrared sources from the ground is like trying to observe stars while the Sun is up. That's a major reason why Spitzer's designers made it the first astrophysics observatory in an Earth-trailing orbit: Far from our planet's heat, Spitzer's detectors wouldn't have to contend with our planet's own infrared radiation. Different infrared wavelengths can reveal different features of the universe. Some ground telescopes can observe in certain infrared wavelengths and provide valuable scientific insights, but Spitzer can achieve greater sensitivity than even much larger ground telescopes and see much fainter sources, such as extremely distant galaxies. What's more, it was designed to detect some infrared wavelengths that Earth's atmosphere entirely blocks, rendering those wavelengths beyond the reach of ground-based observatories.

Science In A Minute: What is Infrared Light?

Video above: What is infrared light and how do we use it to study the universe? Infrared radiation, or infrared light, is a type of energy that we humans can't see but can feel as heat. All objects in the universe emit some level of infrared radiation, whether hot or cold, making an infrared telescope like NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope very useful in detecting objects that might seem invisible. Spacecraft can generate infrared heat too, so Spitzer was designed to stay cool, operating at temperatures as low as minus 450 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 267 degrees Celsius). In 2009, Spitzer exhausted its supply of helium coolant, marking the end of its "cold mission." But Spitzer's great distance from Earth has helped keep it from warming up too much — it still operates at about minus 408 degrees Fahrenheit (or minus 244 degrees Celsius) — and mission team members found they could continue observing in two infrared wavelengths. Spitzer's "warm mission" has lasted for over a decade, nearly twice as long as its cold mission. The original mission planners didn't expect Spitzer to operate for 16-plus years. This extended lifetime has led to some of Spitzer's most profound science results but has also posed challenges as the spacecraft drifts farther from Earth.

Spitzer Space Telescope

"It wasn't in the plan to have Spitzer operating so far away from Earth, so the team has had to adapt year after year to keep the spacecraft operating," said Joseph Hunt, Spitzer project manager. "But I think overcoming that challenge has given people a great sense of pride in the mission. This mission stays with you." On Jan. 30, 2020, engineers will decommission the Spitzer spacecraft and cease science operations. During the 2016 NASA Senior Review process, the agency made a decision to close out the Spitzer mission. The closeout was initially planned for 2018 in anticipation of the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope, which will also conduct infrared astronomy. When Webb's launch was postponed, the Spitzer mission was granted its fifth and final extension. These mission extensions have given Spitzer additional time to continue producing transformative science including pathfinding work for Webb. JPL manages and conducts mission operations for the Spitzer mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington. Science operations are conducted at the Spitzer Science Center at IPAC at Caltech. Spacecraft operations are based at Lockheed Martin Space in Littleton, Colorado. Data are archived at the Infrared Science Archive housed at IPAC at Caltech. Caltech manages JPL for NASA. Related articles: NASA Says Goodbye to One of Agency's Great Observatories https://orbiterchspacenews.blogspot.com/2020/01/nasa-says-goodbye-to-one-of-agencys.html Sixteen Images for Spitzer's Sweet 16 https://orbiterchspacenews.blogspot.com/2019/08/sixteen-images-for-spitzers-sweet-16.html How NASA's Spitzer Has Stayed Alive for So Long https://orbiterchspacenews.blogspot.com/2019/06/how-nasas-spitzer-has-stayed-alive-for.html More information about Spitzer is available at the following sites: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/spitzer/main/index.html https://go.nasa.gov/SpitzerToolkit Related links: Hubble Space Telescope (HST): https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/main/index.html Chandra X-ray Observatory: https://chandra.harvard.edu/ Images (mentioned), Animation (NASA), Videos (NASA/JPL), Text, Credits: NASA/Tony Greicius/Elizabeth Landau/JPL/Calla Cofield. Greetings, Orbiter.ch Full article

[astronomybuffsblog]

找寻宇宙的热量

<p align="center">William H. Waller<br /> 译自<i>Sky and Telescope</i>, Vol.105, No.2 (2003)</p> <i>NASA的最后一座大天文台正准备去革新人类对宇宙认识——就象它的姊妹曾经做过的那样</i><a></a></></p> <p>经过25年的孕育，NASA的空间红外望远镜（Space Infrared Telescope Facility, SIRTF）整装待发，即将踏上它那极具创新色彩的探宇征途。这座自动天文台能够窥测其他望远镜不曾看到的地方，并将以前所未有的高分辨率去巡视红外天空。</p>…

[munove]

Adiós al telescopio espacial Spitzer

No todos los días se tiene que apagar un telescopio espacial porque ha funcionado mejor y durante más tiempo de lo previsto. Y eso es lo que le ha pasado al telescopio espacial Spitzer (SIRTF) de la NASA. El día 30 de enero de 2020 a las 22:30 UTC se recibió en el control de tierra la última señal del satélite. Spitzer se había «suicidado robóticamente» —o sea, se apagó a sí mismo— a las 22:15 UTC, pero, debido a la distancia que se encuentra de la Tierra, la señal tardó casi un cuarto de hora en llegar a nuestro planeta.

etiquetas: adiós, telescopio, espacial, spitzer

» noticia original (danielmarin.naukas.com)

[chrdkru]

Летучая обсерватория разглядела первую молекулу в истории Вселенной.

После 10-й секунды от Большого взрыва во Вселенной возникли первые нейтральные атомы: большую часть их составил гелий-4, его сопровождали дейтерий (изотоп водорода), гелий-3, совсем немного лития-7 и нестабильные тритий и бериллий-7, которые позже распались на уже упомянутые гелий-3 и литий-7. А где-то, как считают сегодня ученые, в районе 100 000 года после Большого взрыва, когда Вселенная охладилась примерно до 4000 К, появилась первая молекула: ей стал гидрид гелия HeH+. Водород же, которого больше всего, в массе своей остался ионизированным — он до сих пор зачастую (в звездах и межзвездной среде) представлен не молекулой H2, а ионами (протонами) в смеси с электронами.

Впервые молекулу гидрида гелия получили в лаборатории в 1925 году, а в 70-х теоретики предсказали, что такие же молекулы можно встретить во Вселенной, если приглядеться к молодым планетарным облачностям — астрономическим объектам, возникающим, когда красные гиганты и сверхгиганты сбрасывают с себя оболочку под конец своего жизненного цикла. Астрономы принялись за поиски, но все эти годы «молекулярный первенец» ускользал от их взгляда.

Теперь, наконец, его удалось поймать. Это сделал инфракрасный спектрометр летающей обсерватории SOFIA — самолета Boeing 767SP с оптическим телескопом, камерами, спектрометрами и поляриметрами.

SOFIA в полетеNASA / youtube

SOFIA взлетает за облака по ночам и позволяет производить наблюдения из точек, недоступных стационарным инструментам: например, над океаном. При помощи научного оборудования на борту исследователи смогли зафиксировать гидрид гелия в туманности NGC 7027 - планетарной туманности, которая образовалась в результате сброса звездой своей внешней оболочки.

NGC 7027, фото телескопа «Хаббл»William B. Latter (SIRTF Science Center/Caltech), NASA

Поскольку ученые изучали остатки звезды, речь вряд ли идет о том, что им удалось увидеть те самые молекулы, которые сформировались в первые сто тысяч лет после Большого Взрыва. Однако авторы исследования указывают, что при рождении планетарной туманности условия были достаточно близки к ранней Вселенной. Поэтому открытие пусть не напрямую, но косвенным образом подтверждает выводы теоретиков о том, как должны были выглядеть первые молекулы.

http://bit.ly/2XkL4P2

[lowkeynando]

and general trends recorded. Nearby examples of specific phenomena, such as variable stars, can then be used to infer the behavior of more distant representatives. Those distant yardsticks can then be employed to measure other phenomena in that neighborhood, including the distance to a galaxy.

Galileo Galilei turned a telescope to the heavens and recorded what he saw. Since that time, observational astronomy has made steady advances with each improvement in telescope technology. NASA's series of Great Observatories satellites are four large, powerful space-based astronomical telescopes launched between 1990 and 2003. They were built with different technology to examine specific wavelength/energy regions of the electromagnetic spectrum: gamma rays, X-rays, visible and ultraviolet light, and infrared light.

The Spitzer Space Telescope, formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF), was an infrared space telescope launched in 2003.

Operations ended on 30 January 2020. [5][9]

Spitzer was the third space telescope dedicated to infrared astronomy, following IRAS (1983) and ISO (1995-1998). It was the first spacecraft to use an Earth-trailing orbit, later used by the Kepler planet-finder. The planned mission period was to be 2.5 years with a pre-launch expectation that the mission could extend to five or slightly more years until the onboard liquidJUNGLEWOODNETHERRACKNETHERWARTAAENCHANTMENTTABLECHORUSFLOWERAAAAAAARREDSTONEREPEATERREDSTONECOMPARATORAAATRiPWiREHOOKCOMMANDBLOCKSTiCKYPiSTONAAALiENSSPECiESFAiRiESDEiTiESGODSCLOWNSAAAROBOTSANDROiDSARTiFiCiALiNTELLiGENCESAAABRAiNSPOWERSiNTELLiGENCEQUOTiENTSAAAAAWORMSTAPEWORMSTUBESTUMORSCANCERSAAAHOSTSENTiTiESPARASiTESBACTERiASFUNGiSAAAMiCROORGANiSMSMUSHROOMSSURGERiESAAAASCiENCESPHYSiCSWiTCHCRAFTSMAGiCSAAAAAAAVOODOOSHOODOOSWiZARDSWARLOCKSAAAAAAYCULTSSECRETSOCiETiESALTEREGOSAAAAAAAAAAiNNERDEMONSCROSSROADDEMONSAAAAAAAAAMEDiCALTREATMENTS AND

[bit2geek]

15 Maiores Descobertas do Telescópio Espacial Spitzer da NASA

O Telescópio Spitzer está a navegar pelo Espaço há 15 anos. Foi criado para obter informações do sobre as origens do universo, e não desiludiu! #Espaço #tecnologia #inteligenciaartificial #planetas #NASA #vida extraterrestre #extraterrestre #ciência #universo #astronomia #followback #followme #follow #me #instafollow #follow4follow

O Telescópio Espacial Spitzer, inicialmente denominado de SIRTF, que significa Space Infrared Telescope Facility, foi lançado em 25 de Agosto de 2003 por um foguetão Delta II, da Estação da Força Aérea do Cabo Canaveral. A sua importância prende-se com o facto da maioria das radiações infravermelha ser bloqueada pela atmosfera da Terra, não podendo portanto ser observadas a partir da sua…

[quantumd3]

Let's know something about Spitzer Telescope : The Spitzer Space Telescope (SST), formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF), is an infrared space telescope launched in 2003. It is the fourth and final of the NASAGreat Observatories program. The planned mission period was to be 2.5 years with a pre-launch expectation that the mission could extend to five or slightly more years until the onboard liquid helium supply was exhausted. This occurred on 15 May 2009. Without liquid helium to cool the telescope to the very low temperatures needed to operate, most of the instruments are no longer usable. However, the two shortest-wavelength modules of the IRAC camera are still operable with the same sensitivity as before the cryogen was exhausted, and will continue to be used in the Spitzer Warm Mission. All Spitzer data, from both the primary and warm phases, are archived at the Infrared Science Archive (IRSA). In keeping with NASA tradition, the telescope was renamed after its successful demonstration of operation, on 18 December 2003. Unlike most telescopes that are named after famous deceased astronomers by a board of scientists, the new name for SIRTF was obtained from a contest open to the general public. The contest led to the telescope being named in honor of astronomer Lyman Spitzer, who had promoted the concept of space telescopes in the 1940s. Spitzer wrote a 1946 report for RAND Corporation describing the advantages of an extraterrestrial observatory and how it could be realized with available or upcoming technology. It follows a heliocentric instead of geocentric orbit, trailing and drifting away from Earth's orbit at approximately 0.1 astronomical unit per year (a so-called "earth-trailing" orbit). The primary mirror is 85 centimeters (33 in) in diameter, f/12, made of beryllium and was cooled to 5.5 K (−268 °C; −450 °F). The satellite contains three instruments that allow it to perform astronomical imaging and photometry from 3.6 to 160 micrometers, spectroscopy from 5.2 to 38 micrometers, and spectrophotometry from 5 to 100 micrometers. http://ift.tt/2jL6jKu

[nanroigblog]

https://goo.gl/zv6VLT

El Telescopi Espacial Spitzer

El Telescopi Espacial Spitzer és un observatori espacial infraroig, el quart i últim dels Grans Observatoris de la NASA 2003 – 2009

NASA

[lowkeynando]

and general trends recorded. Nearby examples of specific phenomena, such as variable stars, can then be used to infer the behavior of more distant representatives. Those distant yardsticks can then be employed to measure other phenomena in that neighborhood, including the distance to a galaxy.

Galileo Galilei turned a telescope to the heavens and recorded what he saw. Since that time, observational astronomy has made steady advances with each improvement in telescope technology. NASA's series of Great Observatories satellites are four large, powerful space-based astronomical telescopes launched between 1990 and 2003. They were built with different technology to examine specific wavelength/energy regions of the electromagnetic spectrum: gamma rays, X-rays, visible and ultraviolet light, and infrared light.

The Spitzer Space Telescope, formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF), was an infrared space telescope launched in 2003.

Operations ended on 30 January 2020. [5][9]

Spitzer was the third space telescope dedicated to infrared astronomy, following IRAS (1983) and ISO (1995-1998). It was the first spacecraft to use an Earth-trailing orbit, later used by the Kepler planet-finder. The planned mission period was to be 2.5 years with a pre-launch expectation that the mission could extend to five or slightly more years until the onboard liquidJUNGLEWOODNETHERRACKNETHERWARTAAENCHANTMENTTABLECHORUSFLOWERAAAAAAAAREDSTONEREPEARERREDSTONECOMPARATORAATRiPWiREHOOKCOMMANDBLOCKSTiCKYPiSTONAALiENSSPECiESFAiRiESDEiTiESGODSCLOWNSAAAROBOTSANDROiDSARTiFiCiALiNTELLiGENCESAAABRAiNSPOWERSiNTELLiGENCEQUOTiENTSAAAAAWORMSTAPEWORMSTUBESTUMORSCANCERSAAAHOSTSENTiTiESPARASiTESBACTERiASFUNGiSAAAMiCROORGANiSMSMUSHROOMSSURGERiESAAAASCiENCESPHYSiCSWiTCHCRAFTSMAGiCSAAAAAAAVOODOOSHOODOOSWiZARDSWARLOCKSAAAAAACULTSSECRETSOCiETiESALTEREGOSAAAAAAAAAAiNNERDEMONSCROSSROADDEMONSAAAAAAAAAMEDiCALTREATMENT CLONES

[lowkeynando]

and general trends recorded. Nearby examples of specific phenomena, such as variable stars, can then be used to infer the behavior of more distant representatives. Those distant yardsticks can then be employed to measure other phenomena in that neighborhood, including the distance to a galaxy.

Galileo Galilei turned a telescope to the heavens and recorded what he saw. Since that time, observational astronomy has made steady advances with each improvement in telescope technology. NASA's series of Great Observatories satellites are four large, powerful space-based astronomical telescopes launched between 1990 and 2003. They were built with different technology to examine specific wavelength/energy regions of the electromagnetic spectrum: gamma rays, X-rays, visible and ultraviolet light, and infrared light.

The Spitzer Space Telescope, formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF), was an infrared space telescope launched in 2003.

Operations ended on 30 January 2020. [5][9]

Spitzer was the third space telescope dedicated to infrared astronomy, following IRAS (1983) and ISO (1995-1998). It was the first spacecraft to use an Earth-trailing orbit, later used by the Kepler planet-finder. The planned mission period was to be 2.5 years with a pre-launch expectation that the mission could extend to five or slightly more years until the onboard liquidJUNGLEWOODNETHERRACKNETHERWARTAAENCHANTMENTTABLECHORUSFLOWERAAAAAAAAREDSTONEREPEATERREDSTONECOMPARATORAATRiPWiREHOOKCOMMANDBLOCKSTiCKYPiSTONAAALiNSSPECiESFAiEiESDEiTiESGODSCLOWNSAAAAROBOTSANDROiDSARTiFiCiALiNTELLiGENCESAAABRAiNSPOWERSiNTELLiGENCEQUOTiENTSAAAAAWORMSTAPEWORMSTUBESTUMORSCANCERSAAAHOSTSENTiTiESPARASiTESBACTERiASFUNGiSAAAMiCROORGANiSMSMUSHROOMSSURGERiESAAAASCiENCESPHYSiCSWiTCHCRAFTSMAGiCSAAAAAAAVOODOOSHOODOOSWiZARDSWARLOCKSAAAAAACULTSSECRETSOCiETiESALTEREGOSAAAAAAAAAAiNNERDEMONSCROSSROADDEMONSAAAAAAAAAMEDiCALTREATMENT AND