#Sang-Ik Choi

[stuff-diary]

Hellbound (Season 2)

TV Shows/Dramas watched in 2024

Hellbound (Season 2, 2024, South Korea)

Director: Yeon Sang Ho

Writer: Yeon Sang Ho & Choi Gyu Seok (based on their own webtoon)

Mini-review:

I feel like I'm one of the few people who loved the first season of Hellbound. It used an original and terrifying concept to showcase a fascinating exploration of themes like religious fanaticism, sectarianism and media manipulation. And this second (and final?) season delivers the goods once again. Yeon Sang Ho continues to be a master director of action scenes, plus the performances he gets from this cast are simply superb. On top of that, the CGI is much better than it was in the first one; I'm glad they made an effort to improve on that. I'm sure many people will stay mad at the show for refusing to give clear answers until the very end, but I think that makes the viewer feel the same chaos as the characters. If this is really the end, I have to say I really enjoyed what this dark fantasy had to offer.

[kysstar]

AM : ATEEZ MOOD | ATEEZ ( 500 special 🎉 )

pairing : : ateez x fem!reader (individual)

genre : : fluff, angst, hurt-comfort, romance, suggestive

warnings : : chapter-wise warnings given

synopsis : : a collection of arctic monkeys inspired ateez fanfics for my 500 followers celebration! ilysm <3 all of them are short oneshots! less than 1k words

author's note : : there will be one fanfic for each day, so no taglists! i left out so many good songs 😩 i'll probably write them separately as oneshots ynk ik 'baby, I'm yours' is a cover, but I love it very much ( date format: yymmdd )

DAY ONE ! 250503

KIM HONG JOONG : : do i wanna know?

" crawlin' back to you ever thought of callin' when you've had a few? 'cause I always do "

synopsis : : you and hongjoong are ex-lovers who can’t quit each other. late-night texts, unfinished songs about you on his laptop, and stolen glances at every party. he's pretending he’s moved on; you're pretending you don’t miss him. neither of you are very good at pretending.

DAY TWO ! 250504

PARK SEONG HWA : : no. 1 party anthem

" it's not like i'm falling in love, i just want you to do me no good and you look like you could "

synopsis : : seonghwa’s the guy you always run into when you’re both a little too tipsy and nostalgic. he's that safe danger — the one you know will catch you if you fall... but maybe this time, you don’t want to be caught.

DAY THREE ! 250505

JEONG YUN HO : : snap out of it

" what's been happenin' in your world? what have you been up to? i heard that you fell in love, or near enough i gotta tell you the truth, yeah "

synopsis : : you’ve been stuck in a rut after a brutal breakup, and yunho — your best friend who’s always secretly loved you — is trying to pull you out of it. only now, his smiles are hiding a new tension neither of you can ignore.

DAY FOUR ! 250506

KANG YEO SANG : : arabella

" she's got a barbarella silver swimsuit and when she needs to shelter from reality she takes a dip in my daydreams "

synopsis : : yeosang meets you when you're the kind of girl everyone warns him about — reckless, sharp-tongued, magnetic. he knows you're dangerous for him, but he’s too fascinated to stay away.

DAY FIVE ! 250507

CHOI SAN : : why'd you always call me when you're high?

" now, it's three in the mornin' and I'm tryna' change your mind left you multiple missed calls and to my message, you reply "why'd you only call me when you're high?" "

synopsis : : san isn’t your boyfriend — not really. he’s the unread messages at 9PM and the missed calls at 2AM. you both pretend it’s casual, but it’s getting harder to ignore the way his voice sounds when he’s not sober, or how yours cracks when you say goodbye. you’re tired of being his maybe, but you’re not sure he knows how to love anyone in daylight.

DAY SIX ! 250508

SONG MIN GI : : i bet you look good on the dancefloor

" i bet that you look good on the dancefloor i don't know if you're lookin' for romance or i don't know what you're lookin' for "

synopsis : : you and mingi meet at a chaotic college party — a blur of loud music, flashing lights, and impulsive decisions. he’s cocky, reckless, and challenges you to out-dance him. sparks fly hard and fast, and before the night’s over, you both know this isn’t just a one-time thing.

DAY SEVEN ! 250509

JUNG WOO YOUNG : : r u mine?

" i go crazy 'cause here isn't where i wanna be and satisfaction feels like a distant memory and I can't help myself, all i wanna hear her say is "are you mine?" "

synopsis : : wooyoung’s always been obsessed with you — but he hides it behind cocky jokes and teasing. when he finds out someone else has been trying to take his place, his playful act crumbles into something a lot more possessive.

DAY EIGHT ! 250510

CHOI JONG HO : : baby, i'm yours

" baby, I'm yours and i'll be yours until two and two is three yours until the mountain crumbles to the sea in other words, until eternity "

synopsis : : jongho has always loved you quietly — not with big gestures, but with small, consistent things: walking you home, remembering how you take your coffee, holding the umbrella even when he’s getting soaked. you’ve dated other guys, chased louder versions of love, but nothing ever felt as safe as his silence.

ps. i dont know what the fuck im doing lmao so these might be very random and won't make sense. please don't have high hopes.

© kysstar

[papaya2000s]

Master List:

All the posts presented below are my original contributions, with the exception of those in which I reference the work of others. In such cases, I provide original links to the sources where I found the material, thereby acknowledging the respective creators and authors. Enjoy!

Old Movies:

Emergency Act 19 (긴급조치 19호) - (08/08/2024)

Let's meet at Walker Hill (워��힐에서 만납시다) - Put On Hold!

Crossroads of Youth (청춘의 십자로) - (09/12/2024)

A Taxi Driver (택시운전사) (2017) - Put On Hold!

The Housemaid (하녀) (1960) - Put On Hold!

A Flower in Hell (지옥화) - Put On Hold!

Journey to the West (西游记) - Episode 1 - (03/04/2025)

The Story of Yanagawa's Canals (柳川堀割物語) - Almost Done (Translating and spell check) - Published Date (Unknown)

The Aimed School / School in the Crosshairs (ねらわれた学園) - Put on Hold!

The History of Korean Acts - 1900s-Now:

History of Korean music over the past century. (Korean Music Generations)

A timeline will be made where I pretty much summerise and show Korean musical acts from the 1900s till now that I have already talked and mentioned about in my Koran history series (shown below). - This project will not be made yet but at a later date.

The History of Korean Male Groups (Rewrite):

Part 1 (Background) - (13/08/2024)

Part 2 - (21/08/2024)

Part 3 - (29/08/2024)

Part 4 - (29/08/2024)

Part 5 - (15/09/2024)

Part 6 (Background) - (08/12/2024)

Part 6.5 (Background) - (09/12/2024)

Part 7 (Background) - (10/01/2025)

Part 8 - Put on Hold! - (Unknown Date)

The History of Korean Girl Groups (Rewrite):

A preview on what groups will be mentioned down below. This series will be coming out in the later part of next year.

Part 1 (Back Ground) - (13/08/2024)

Part 2 - Put on Hold! - (Unknown Date)

Korean Soloists from the 20th Centaury:

Enjoy the history of some famous Korean performers that lived in the 20th centaury that have been lost with time.

Female:

Yun Sim-deok (Rewrite 1, 2) - (29/04/2024)

Lee Ari-su (Rewrite - Coming Soon!) - (05/03/2024)

Kim So-hee - (05/10/2024)

Jeon Hae-nam - (13/10/2024)

Kim Nan-ok - (22/01/2025)

Kim Chae-woon - (23/01/2025)

Kim Ok-jin - (26/01/2025)

Kim Wol-seon - (27/01/2025)

Kim Yeon-wol - (27/01/2025)

Lim Chun-hong - (08/02/2025)

Lee Hwa-seon - (11/02/2025)

Lee So-hee - (14/02/2025)

Lee Chae-seon - (22/04/2025)

Lee Ok-ran - (22/04/2025)

Lee Jeung-suk - ( / /2025)

Park Nok-ju - Put on Hold!

Kim Ok-sim - Put on Hold!

Lee Hwa-jung-seon - Put on Hold!

Male:

Kim In-sik - (21/09/2024)

Lee Eun-sang - (27/09/2024)

Kim Saeng-ryeo (Pt. 1, 2) - (11,16/11/2024)

Lee In Beom - Put on Hold!

Kim Seong Tae - Put on Hold!

Jeong Jeong Ryeol - Put on Hold!

Im Bang Ul - Put on Hold!

Han Seong Jun - Put on Hold!

Kim Min Ik - Put on Hold!

Baek Seol Hee - Put on Hold!

Choi Nam Seon - Put on Hold!

Hyun Je Myeong - Put on Hold!

Lim Dong Hyeok - Put on Hold!

Photo Collection of Gisaeng's:

All photos below have been AI enhanced for a more clear viewing (there may be some errors in the pictures).

Part 1 - (17/07/2024)

Part 2 - (17/07/2024)

Part 3 - (17/07/2024)

Part 4 - (21/07/2024)

Part 5 - (21/07/2024)

Part 6 Finale - (24/07/2024)

Women considered to be the most beautiful in Korean History:

More than a century ago, a remarkable group of women known as Kisaengs captivated the elite with their captivating performances, these extraordinary women, often referred to as the celebrities of their era, were renowned for their beauty and talent.

Part 1 Oh San-wol (오산월) - (11/07/2024)

Part 2 Jang Yeon-hong (장연홍) (1) - (14/07/2024)

Part 3 Jang Yeon-hong (장연홍) (2) - (16/07/2024)

Part 4 Lee Nan-hyang - Put On Hold! ( / /2025)

Part 5 - Put on Hold! ( / /2025)

Korean Artists from the 20th Century

The Birth of Korean Girl Groups Preview:

This is a newly compiled list of Korean artists, including actors, actresses, film directors, painters, and writers. As the list is still being developed, I will refrain from posting about any specific Korean artists at this time.

Korean Music Timeline

Coming Soon!

A preview on what girl groups I'll be posting in my series on 'The History of Korean girl groups'.

Part 1 - 1900s-1945 - (28/04/2024)

Part 2 - 1950s - 1960s - (28/04/2024)

Part 3 - 1960s - 1962 - (28/04/2024)

Part 4 - 1963 - 1965 - (28/04/2024)

Part 5 - 1965- 1966 - (28/04/2024)

Part 6 - 1967-1960s - (28/04/2024)

Part 7 - 1970-1972 - (02/05/2024)

Part 8 - 1974 - 1981 - (09/05/2024)

Part 9 - 1983 - 1987 - (09/05/2024)

Part 10 - 1989 - 1997 - (09/05/2024)

Part 11 - 1997 - (09/05/2024)

Part 12 Final - 1998 - 2000s - (09/05/2024)

H.O.T:

Stuff about H.O.T.

Michael Jackson & Friends Korea, Seoul:

S.E.S: Part 1 and Part 2

H.O.T: Put On Hold!

Discography Discussion:

These discography discussion posts are all made by @high-five-of-teenager-trashblog. All the albums are in released order from their debut to their final album.

We Hate All Kinds of Violence - (13/12/2020)

Wolf & Sheep - (23/11/2020)

Resurrection - (13/02/2019)

I Yah! - (29/08/2018)

Age of Peace (+ Album Cover) - (26/11/2020)

Outside Castle - (24/09/2018)

'Solving the H.O.T. Syndrome'

These 3 posts are all made by @1004sface.

TV Guide 1997.01.23 - (Pt. 1) (Pt. 2) (Pt. 3)

Kangta - Atlantis: The Lost Empire 2001

H.O.T Kangta - Dreams and Faith - (27/07/2024)

Ensign O'Toole - TV Series 1962-1963:

Summary & Ep 1-12 - (26/10/2024)

Ep 13-32 - (09/12/2024)

Korean Albums:

Season 1 focuses on the 1980s, a personal favourite music decade. I will discuss 35 diverse Korean groups, duos, bands, and solo artists who released albums or made their debuts during this period.

Season 2 will explore the 1960s and 1970s through 30 episodes, highlighting a diverse range of Korean groups, duos, bands, and solo artists.

Season 3

Fan Art:

Coming Soon!

[loveseriesnmovies]

Under the queen's umbrella

Cast

Kim Hye-soo as Queen Hwa Ryeong

Kim Hae-sook as Queen Dowager

Choi Won-young as King Yi Ho

Bae In-hyuk as Crown Prince

Moon Sang-min as Grand Prince Seongnam / Crown Prince

Yoo Seon-ho as Grand Prince Gyeseong

Yoon Sang-hyun as Grand Prince Muan

Park Ha-jun as Grand Prince Ilyeong

Kang Chan-hee as Prince Uiseong

Also:

Kim Min-gi as Prince Bogeom

Moon Sung-hyun as Prince Simso

Ok Ja-yeon as Royal Consort Gwi-in Hwang

Kim Ga-eun as Royal Consort So-yong Tae

Woo Jung-won as Royal Consort Gwi-in Go

Seo Yi-sook as Deposed Queen Yoon

Kim Eui-sung as Hwang Won-hyeong

Jang Hyun-sung as Yoon Soo-kwang

Han Dong-hee as Crown Princess Min

Park Jun-myun as Court Lady Shin

Kim Jae-bum as Physician Kwon / Yi Ik-hyeon

Kwon Hae-hyo as Master Toji / Yoo Sang-uk

Oh Ye-ju as Lady Yoon Cheong-ha / Crown Princess

---------------------------------------------------------------

Synopsis

This KDrama was aired on October 15 of 2022, going for 16 episodes.This drama is set on a fictional Joseon dynasty, with a strong queen who would give up all protocols as she struggles to make her trouble making sons into princes.

Opinion

This is a very good series, I binge watched it in a few days. I loved the queen! How strong, resourceful, and independent she was. I loved all the characters, especially the queen and prince Seongnam. I also loved how the king was very supportive of her. The series had a lot of different topics, from motherhood to sexuality. It's a drama series. There are no gore or sex scenes. I recommend this series to anyone who likes history dramas.

You can watch on Netflix

[haarrrys]

: ̗̀➛✧ ೃ༄*ੈ✩˚₊✩‧₊◜─ ⊹ ⊱⋆ ୨ :★: ୧ ATEEZ ୨ :★: ୧ ⋆⊰ ⊹ ─˚₊✩‧₊◜✧ ೃ༄*ੈ✩: ̗̀➛

indications ; ♥ - smut , ✿ - fluff, ⬤ - angst

╰┈➤ ❛PARK SEONG HWA [ 박성화 ]

ꜝꜝ do not disturb -♥- while on tour with your band, it's finally time to relax for a couple days in Paradise. At least that was the plan until your boyfriend gets jealous of your sudden proximity with another band member. w.c 3.1k

╰┈➤ ❛KIM HONG JOONG [ 김홍중 ]

ꜝꜝ hot and cold -♥✿- joining Hongjoong on that family trip -- and may I add, that hotspring? w.c 3k

╰┈➤ ❛JEONG YUN HO [ 정윤호 ]

ꜝꜝ chemistry -✿- collabing with idol s/o or crush with a dance performance which went viral and ppl start to ship them

╰┈➤ ❛KANG YEO SANG [ 강여상 ]

☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰

╰┈➤ ❛CHOI SAN [ 최산 ]

ꜝꜝ surrender to desire -♥- after a very long year of hard work, san and you decided to spend the holidays in namhae. But you happen to be busy even on vacation, barely exchanging glances with your boyfriend. Until one night, you find the moment of intimacy you needed with him. w.c 3k

riding and making out w him -♥- NSFW AUDIO

better than fiction -♥- you never thought what your boyfriend's reaction to you writing fanfic would be like, but you certainly didn't expect him to end up so jealous of himself to end up making your fantasies come true w.c 4.4k

edging san -♥- NSFW AUDIO

san eating you out -♥- NSFW AUDIO

love you again -♥- rainy evening sex w.c 1.5k

inexpirenced san -♥- eating you out for the first time and accidentally getting pussy drunk

middle of the night -♥- these days, san can never seem to get a good night’s rest, that is, until he’s able to completely unload himself inside his pretty little girlfriend. good thing you‘re laying right next to him. w.c 2.1k

dark thoughts -♥-

this

9:43 pm -♥-

baby steps -✿⬤- he wanted to be better- no- the best man you had ever seen.

sugarplum -✿- he loves rolls

gwenchena -✿⬤- If there is one thing a good husband knows, it is that intimacy is not bound to the gratification of the physical being, but also the mind and soul.

╰┈➤ ❛SONG MINGI [ 송민기 ]

ꜝꜝ giving him his first blowjob -♥- NSFW AUDIO

comfort -✿⬤- reader is hurt and mingi is there to comfort

sour candy -♥- sub!mingi, consent lines are kind of blurred in this one so pls skip if it makes u uncomfortable w.c 5k

╰┈➤ ❛JUNG WOO YOUNG [ 정우영 ]

ꜝꜝ lazy morning -♥- morning seks with wooyoung in white t-shirt, pure fluff and love smut but also yk he is a needy eager-to-fuck man, with a sleepy s/o that can't resist him. w.c 2.5k

voyerism -♥- your boyfriend wooyoung proposes you to fuck his bestfriend (san) in front of him

ocean, bed , tattoo -♥- wooyoung tattoos your skin with ink, and with his lips. w.c 2.1k

celebratory fuck -♥- you can't blame wooyoung for wanting to fuck after a good game, after all, having a hot girlfriend is tiresome. w.c 1.5k

things he says in bed -♥- things ateez say during sex. wooyoung version.

roof top pool cool down -♥- it's hot as fuck outside, and your boyfriend decided that he wanted to go swimming to cool down. w.c 2k

knockout -♥- wooyoung invites you over to play after san wins his match. w.c 3.9k

tits out -♥✿- when talking to your best friend about your nipple piercing during movie night backfires in the most spectacular way possible and seonghwa's new couch gets caught in the crossfire w.c 7k

right here -♥- It´s a smut so +18 MDNI pls w.c 15k

no control -♥- exhibitionism with a non-participating person, beware. w.c 3.2k

unholy hours -♥- riding his face

after hours -♥✿- an invitation to wooyoung’s event leads to the unexpected— a night of revelation that deeply blurs the lines between harmless fun and the thrill of exploring something more. w.c 5k

sweet dreams -♥- playing with your best friend's hair seems to do more to him than you think. w.c 2k

girl dad wooyoung -✿- ik all the atiny hearts were melting when watching the return of superman episode with san, wooyoung, and seonghwa. so after finally watching it, I bring you all dad!wooyoung. not proof read.

cat and mouse -✿- fem!reader, pussy eating, teeth use, manipulation (from both parties), fuckboy!wooyoung, cum eating (m!), semi-public oral w.c 2.3k

smut thoughts -✿- how wooyoung is defo the type to fuck desperately

╰┈➤ ❛CHOI JONG HO [ 최종호 ]

☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰☰

╰┈➤ ❛OT8 MASTERLISTS / SERIES

ꜝꜝ masterlist by @/atzaurora

reccomendation list by @/onedumbho3

smut reccomendation by @/sugawhaaa

candy -♥- you're their sweetheart who tastes sweet like candy, and they simply cannot get enough. w.c 6.1k

masterlist by @/nateezfics

when they're jealous -♥- nsfw editon

masterlist by @/beenaanbuun

the 9th member -♥- what would it be like to be the 9th member of ateez, only there to satisfy the urges of the others? w.c 11.8k total (1k-2.5k for each part)

masterlist by @/sorryimananti-romantic

ateez as boyfriends -♥- smut and it's a filthfest in here sooo MDNI!!

masterlist by @/0097linersb

dad!ateez : funny videos -✿- based off tiktoks

virgin!reader x atz -♥-

reaction to reader asking them to teach you how to fuck -♥-

pussy eating -♥-

going down on you -♥-

atz reaction when you scratch them -♥-

atz p! links -♥-

[howwelldoyouknowyourmoon]

The red dragon who deceived the world – Sun Myung Moon

▲ Sun Myung Moon wearing a dragon tie in 1973. The Chinese characters above are of his birth name, Moon Yong Myung. Yong = dragon. The central Chinese character, as well as the meaning, resembles a dragon with the head upper left and the tail lower right.

This is an extract from Chapter Six of The Tragedy of the Six Marys by Pak Chung-hwa. pages 253-256 LINK

The red dragon who deceived the world  253 The self-proclaimed Second Coming Messiah, Sun Myung Moon, learned his Principle from Kim Baek-moon. He then went to Pyongyang where was arrested for immoral activities; he spent time in jail in Heungnam]; after his release he went to [Busan and then to] Seoul. In 1954, he founded the Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity. He ruined many people’s lives, but meanwhile the Unification Church gradually grew. Choi Bong-choon (whose Japanese name was Nishigawa Masaru) was smuggled to Japan to begin overseas missionary activities there [and after he was deported he moved to the US where he was known as Sang Ik ‘Papasan’ Choi].

In addition, Kim Sang-cheol [David SC Kim] and Kim Young-oon preached in the United States. Members there also now believe in Sun Myung Moon as their praiseworthy ‘Father’ and that he is the Second Coming Messiah. Today, however, it seems that the voice of resentment rises up from the piles of dead bodies of the many women and men who were sacrificed because of the actions of Sun Myung Moon, which were nothing like the teachings of the Principle. And now, Sun Myung Moon is presenting to the public the front of the clean looking but naive Unification Church membership who do not know about the “secret [pikareum sex rituals] done for restoration” or other “secret practices”.

[The public see the mass weddings held by the church and hear about family values. The mass weddings bring in a lot of money for the Moon organization and the spectacle makes great PR. However, many second generation members have been married twice, or more, due to inappropriate matchings. There has been much sorrow.]

[Since Sun Myung Moon died in 2012 the theology for the sex rituals has been taught in Original Divine Principle workshops. Sean Hyung Jin Moon and his brother Justin Kook Jin Moon have broadcast videos explaining the truth that Sun Myung Moon had many pikareum sex rituals, and that they were necessary to cleanse the world from original sin through sex relays. Those whose wombs had been cleansed should have sex with others to purify them. LINK]

Sun Myung Moon was spending enormous amounts of money even while he was in prison for a crime. [American clergy and religious leaders were mobilized to fight on his behalf, claiming that it was a religious freedom issue and that he had been unfairly persecuted. Because of the support his cause gained] it was touted as a glorious and great miracle that he had entered an American prison. All the money he spent was precious money earned by many members of the Church at the risk of their lives.

Several years ago, a Japanese female member who was working in the United States was dropped off in a slum in a black area to sell Il-hwa Korean ginseng tea. She was gang raped and killed. The black people pulled her body out onto a road and drove a car over her body multiple times. They crushed her body to destroy any evidence. However, her Unification Church identity card was found in a pocket and it was discovered who she was.

[Another Japanese member, Atsushi Funaki was beaten with a baseball bat by two young men. The money he had fundraised from selling roses was robbed. They beat him and left him for dead on the pavement. This was in 1992 in East Philadelphia where he had been dropped off alone in a very dangerous area. He died one week after the attack. See note below.]

Sun Myung Moon is the self-proclaimed the Second Coming Messiah, however, he wastes the money that is brought in through such miserable sacrifices like the above examples. In Japan, all Church members are mobilized to earn money even while being harassed by drunks through the spiritual sales method or by selling chocolate and gum, and all the money is sent to Sun Myung Moon.

In the name of spending the money sent in up to now, Moon is making up an outrageous plan. That is the “International Highway Construction Project”. It is intended to build an international highway connecting Japan, Korea, China, Russia, and Europe through an undersea tunnel under the Korea Straits. Even within the Unification Church, there was the sound of cynical laughter and many said that it was “impracticable”.

▲ The entrance to a tunnel between Japan and Korea. It stops after about 500 yards because the UC company cannot, by law, tunnel under the neighbor's property without his permission. Many say the tunnel project it a scam to extort money from church followers and others.

If Sun Myung Moon is the Second Coming Messiah, what the hell is he doing, building an international highway! Before planning anything like the construction of an international highway, he would be a True Parent by doing pikareum sex rituals – and isn’t it the original purpose of the Second Coming Messiah to make a world free of the original sin and to restore the Garden of Eden, above all else?

Sun Myung Moon declared himself a “pastor” in American newspapers and other media outlets. Sun Myung Moon never attended any seminary, nor was he ordained as a pastor. If he has a qualification obtained from a seminary affiliated with the Unification Church, I have questions about that.

From the beginning, Sun Myung Moon said that he is the Second Coming Messiah and the third Adam. And he has repeatedly said that his mission is to create a unified, sinless world by changing the blood lineage through pikareum sex (血代交換) which means “blood exchange”. Then, how can the Second Coming Messiah transform into a pastor and fulfill his mission? Isn’t the logic of that something which even his tricks so far cannot hope to match!

It also explains why Sun Myung Moon changed his name when he came down from North Korea to South Korea. In the Bible, Revelation 12:91, it is written that a red dragon will appear in this world at the end times and deceive the world. Moon Yong-myung (文龍明), whose name contained the word dragon (yong = dragon), quickly changed his name to Sun Myung Moon, for of that reason. His birth name substantiates that he is indeed the red dragon, who is Satan.

There are no lies in this confession of mine, in which I have expressed my own shame to the whole world. I want to say that Sun Myung Moon is the true Satan.

In order to prevent many people from around the world from being deceived or victimized by this red dragon, Sun Myung Moon, I decided to publish this manuscript at the risk of my life. I pray with all my heart for the real judgment of God on Sun Myung Moon.

Pak Chung-hwa [Written from August 31, 1985 to September 30, 1993.]

_______________________________

Note: Atsushi Funaki: The police did not understand how the Unification Church could send a person with money to such a dangerous place on their own. The police said that they themselves only went to that area in pairs. They also wondered how a person with poor English could explain themselves to any attacker. Atsushi was married. He was attacked on May 10, 1992. He died one week later on May 17th.

LINK to the original Japanese magazine article: 統一教会に入信して殺されたわが兄

▲ Atsushi Funaki, top right, dying in hospital as his mother and his brother watch over him. Top left, his brother stands at the place where his brother was beaten unconscious. The center two photos are of his funeral and his grave stone. At the funeral ceremony there were shouts of ‘Mansei’ which means ‘victory’. The mother and brother were very upset about the funeral service.

______________________________

Chapter Six of The Tragedy of the Six Marys, pages 245-247:

The Infidelities and Crimes of Sun Myung Moon

Chapter Six of The Tragedy of the Six Marys, pages 247-253:

The misery of Kim Myung-hee / Another Mother / My shame for participating in orgies

The Tragedy of the Six Marys website

______________________________

The Tragedy of the Six Marys video transcript – with additional material.

Interviews with the early Unification Church members who were involved in the 1993 publication of the book: “The Tragedy of the Six Marys – the real Satan is Sun Myung Moon!!” The main author was Pak Chung-hwa, but at least three others contributed sections.

https://六マリアの悲劇.com

野錄 統一敎會史 (세계기독교 통일신령협회사) – 1 .    박 정 화 외2인 지음 (前 통일교창립위원)

문선명의 정체! (1)  김명희

[whatisonthemoon]

What the KCIA and the Moonies did to the Editor of the Korea Journal, Song Sun Keun

▲ Pictured: Song Sun-Keun pictured in the December 10, 1976 issue of the San Francisco Examiner

Mr. SONG: I would like to begin with a KCIA attempt to disrupt the speech engagement of Mr. Kim Dae Jung in San Francisco in May 1973 that was foiled; a KCIA-Moon Sun Myung connection through the Korean-American Political Association as early as 1970; and an assassination plot against me.

On May 18, 1973, Mr. Kim Dae Jung, sponsored by a group of Korean-American political science scholars, was to speak at the International Student Center in San Francisco. I understand you are going to question me about this, so I won't go into detail.

Mr. FRASER: Were you going to skip part of your statement?

Mr. SONG: Do you want me to read it?

Mr. FRASER: You might go through your whole statement. It might save some questions.

Mr. Young Shik Bae, a KCIA agent who also acted as vice consul at the Korean consulate general in Los Angeles, showed up with an entourage of more than 10 hoodlums from Los Angeles. Joining Vice Consul Bae were Mr. Dong Jim Kim, consul of the Korean consulate general in San Francisco and a certain Mr. Min Hi Rhee, a well-known karate instructor in the San Francisco area, and several of his karate students. Their tactic to disrupt Mr. Kim's speech was at once all too obvious to the entire audience.

As Mr. Kim began his speech, these hoodlums started to interrupt and harass the speaker. There was a commotion, shouting, and making ugly gestures and all. And they brought with them several bottles of tomato ketchup, dozens of raw eggs, and a movie camera.

The timely arrival of the San Francisco police, which resulted in removing Mr. Min Hi Rhee, saved the meeting from pandemonium. I was an eyewitness to the scene and duly reported the incident in my Korean language biweekly called the Korea Journal. Here I would like to submit the article with photos and its English translation.

Mr. FRASER: Thank you. We will make that a part of your testimony.

Mr. SONG: What surprised me was the fact that Vice Consul Bae Young Shik led this outrage openly. Furthermore, although I didn't realize at the time but later came to learn, Mr. Yang Doo Won, alias Sang Ho Lee, Minister at the Korean Embassy in Washington, D.C., who was also KCIA station chief in the United States, came to San Francisco and stayed at the Hilton Hotel, where Mr. Kim Dae Jung was staying and was the prime mover who directed that fiasco behind the scenes.

Second, I have heard that in 1970, Mr. Sang Ik Choi, a representative of Moon Sung Myung's Unification Church in the San Francisco area, received $25,000 from the Unification Church and set out to organize a Korean-American political group. Thus, the Korean-American Political Association (KAPA) was chartered in the State of California as a nonprofit corporation, and Choi set himself up as its president. Mr. Doo Whan Kim, while consul at the Korean consulate general in San Francisco, became the de facto vice president of KAPA.

The express purpose of this organization was to exert its influence on American politics, local as well as national. To date, KAPA is known to have contributed $5,000 to Gov. Jerry Brown during his 1974 gubernatorial campaign and $1,000 to Mayor Mosconi of San Francisco during his mayoral campaign in 1976. 

However, I would like to point out to you that this nonprofit U.S. corporation had an official of a foreign government as a key officer, and in addition was receiving financial support from Moon's Unification Church as early as 1970. When Mr. Sang Ik Choi was promoted to the position of fundraising manager of the Unification Church of New York, Consul Doo Whan Kim succeeded him as KAPA's president after resigning his post at the Korean consulate general.

I gained my knowledge of KAPA while serving as a consultant to the San Francisco chapter of KAPA. I have supplied the subcommittee staff with copies of several KAPA documents, concerning the relationship between KAPA and the KCIA.

Third, in May of 1973, I began publishing a local Korean language biweekly, the Korea Journal, and also was its editor-reporter. As the paper started to criticize various overt activities of the KCIA in the United States and the Park Chung Hee regime, a businessman who is a former KCIA agent approached me and indicated that he would help the Korea Journal to expand if its coverage were confined to local matters—in his words, if it became a "pleasant community bulletin board." I declined the offer.

Then I received a substantial offer to purchase the Korea Journal. This offer came to me indirectly through close acquaintances of my family. I told them the paper was not for sale. At the time, I was having considerable financial difficulty. I was approached for the third time again through some close friends with an offer to engage in profitable trade with Korea. It was all too obvious to me that such offers were made to divert my attention and activities away from my critical stand on Korean politics. I refused.

On separate occasions, two old friends of my father, Mr. Il Kwon Chung, the Speaker of the Korean National Assembly, and Mr. Han Lim Lee, the Minister of Construction, sought out my father and tried to persuade him to change his views on the Park regime. My father is a Methodist minister, whose views on the Park regime could not be changed by these visitors.

After all these "friendly" attempts and offers were turned down, I began to receive telephone calls threatening my life. I reported these telephone calls to the local police and wrote about them in the Korea Journal. I would like to submit a 1974 San Francisco Examiner article for your reference.

The threatening calls backfired because I became more vocal than ever. Then Mr. Man Sung Limb, a KCIA agent at the Korean consulate general in San Francisco, came up with a plot to assassinate me. In order to save time, I would like to submit for your files copies of articles which appeared in the San Francisco Examiner, Los Angeles Times, Berkeley Barb, and the San Mateo Times that covered this plot. I am also submitting a tape recording and its transcript in translation of a personal interview with one of the witnesses who was present at the time Consul Limb discussed this plot.

Needless to say, such KCIA harassment and threats would be illegal acts in this country even if I were not a U.S. citizen, and these acts should be duly condemned.

Related articles below

Up against the Human Wall in Seoul - The Washington Post - February 1985

Delay of Chun’s Visit Proposed : Kim’s U.S. Backers Cite Melee at Seoul Airport - The LA Times - February 1985

United States Congressional investigation of UC

The Unification Church and KCIA: Some Notes on Bud Han, Steve Kim, and Bo Hi Pak

Robert Parry’s investigations into Sun Myung Moon

On Young Oon Kim’s Relationship to Butterwick

Young Oon Kim and Bo Hi Pak were both employed by the Korean Military Advisory Group (KMAG)

Who was “Papasan Choi” (Or Sang Ik Choi, or Bong-choon Choi)?

More details on Papasan (Sang Ik Choi)

Paul Perry, or Paulo-Juarez Pereira, a CIA-Connected Moonie

[gummywormowl]

Dislyte KR Voices (updated*)

(*updated to the day i post this. anyone announced afterwards will not be included on this list.) This is essentially a repost of my last KR voice list. The names in bold are ones announced afterwards either through their twitter or the KR site. 

On another note, KR server set to go live on the 29th if any of y’all are curious :)

Rares

Bai Liuli, Melanie - 김다운 (Kim Doun)

Drew - 최낙윤 (Choi Nak-yoon)

Freddy - 한만중 (Han Man-joong)

Jacob - 장서화 (Jang Seo-hwa)

Li Ao - 최현수 (Choi Hyeonsu)

Unky Chai - 한만중 (Han Man-jung)

Epics

Alexa - 이용신 (Lee Yong-shin)

Asenath - 이샛별 (Lee Saet-byeol)

Chloe - 박고운 (Park Go-woon)

Djoser - 박상훈 (Park Sang-hoon)

Heng Yue - 김다운 (Kim Doun) (same as Bai Liuli and Melanie)

Kaylee - 이새벽 (Lee Sae-byeok)

Li Guang - 김예림 (Kim Ye-rim)

Long Mian - 최현수 (Choi Hyeonsu) (same as Li Ao)

Meredith - 강새봄 (Kang Sae-bom) 

Mona - 여민정 (Yeo Min-jeong)

Ren Si, Taylor - 김신우 (Kim Sin-woo)

Xie Yuzhi, Xie Chuyi - 가빈 (Gabin)

Legendaries

Abigail - 김보나 (Kim Bo-na)

Ashley, Zora - 강새봄 (Kang Sae-bom) (same as Meredith)

Biondina - 김채하 (Kim Chae-ha)

Brewster, Everett - 윤용식 (Yoon Yong-sik)

Clara - 이용신 (Lee Yong-shin) (same as Alexa)

Donar, Li Ling, Triki - 정재헌 (Jeong Jae-heon)

Elliot - 홍승효 (Hong Seung-hyo)

the Fatum sisters - 방시우 (Bang Siu)

Gaius - 석승훈 (Seok Seung-hoon)

Hyde - 박상훈 (Park Sang-hoon) (same as Djoser)

Jin Yuyao - 이명희 (Lee Myung-hwi)

Jiang Jiuli - 김진홍 (Kim Jin-hong) 

Lucas - 심규혁 (Shim Gyu-hyuk)

Narmer - 김솔 (Kim Sol)

Ollie, Tevor - 서정익 (Seo Jung-ik)

Ophelia - 김예림 (Kim Ye-rim) (same as Li Guang)

Raven, Tiye - 여민정 (Yeo Min-jeong) (same as Mona)

Tang Xuan - 신범식 (Shin Beom-sik)

Unas - 최낙윤 (Choi Nak-yoon) (same as Drew)

[where-starsland]

5 Lee Jehoon Movies To Watch

as a Hoonist, I want to share or recommend some Lee Jehoon projects that is totally worth your time!! the ones listed below are just some of my favorites but I do think that his whole filmography is worth watching so make sure to check the rest later.

first off...

1. Bleak Night (2011)

written and directed by Yoon Sunghyun is a critically acclaimed indie film he created for his graduation project. yes, a graduation project did that. 

In this film, a 27 year old Lee Jehoon played as Kitae, an aggressive and manipulative but ultimately broken high school student.

if you're a new fan or just a casual watcher this is definitely a must watch. This film was a major turning point in his career in which he earned several best new actor awards.

trigger warning: suicide

파수꾼 or bleak night tells the story between 3 friends: Kitae (Lee Jehoon), Becky (Park Jeongmin), Dongyoon (Seo Junyoung) and how everything fell apart.

In the present time, Kitae's father, still shocked of his son's death tries to look for answers by visiting Kitae's friends to shed some light on the tragedy. Through flashbacks, the film showed the events that drove Kitae to end his life.

2. Architecture 101 (2012)

Seungmin my cute little meow meow. I swear you'll love him in this film.

Directed by Lee Yongju is a story about what ifs and first love. The story provided a past and present look into the relationship of Seungmin (past: Lee Jehoon, present: Uhm Tae Woong) and Soyeon (past: Bae Suzy, present: Han Ga In).

After 15 years of no contact, Seungmin's first love, Soyeon walks into the architecture firm he works at and asks him to build her house. What happens next? watch the film!

3. Anarchist From Colony (2017)

if you're a fan of period dramas you should definitely give this one a try.

directed by Lee Joon-ik, Anarchist from Colony or Park Yeol (Korean title) is based on the true story of a Korean anarchist and independence activist named Park Yeol.

Park Yeol (Lee Jehoon) was arrested for high treason and sentenced to life in prison for plotting to attack the wedding of Crown Prince Hirohito to free Korea from the Japanese rule. The film also highlights his relationship with his lover Kaneko Fumiko (Choi Heeseo), a Japanese nihilist.

4. I Can Speak (2017)

directed by Kim Hyun-Seok

Ok-bun (Na Moonhee) asks Park Minjae (Lee Jehoon) to teach her English after hearing him speak fluent English. Minjae refused at first but later on agreed to after seeing her take care of his younger brother.

judging from the poster alone, you wouldn’t think deeply about the story behind the film but--

spoiler alert!

As the story progress, Minjae finds out that Ok-bun was a former comfort woman, a victim of the Japanese military during world war II and she's learning English to testify at the H.Res.121 public hearing on behalf of her friend.

H.Res.121 is a (very real) resolution urging the Japanese government to formally apologize, acknowledge, and accept historical responsibility that their armed forces coerced young women to sexual slavery throughout the duration of world war II.

5. Collectors (2020)

now if you want a more fun film from the actor then we have Collectors directed by Park Jungbae. Jehoon's Kang Donggu look is honestly a personal favorite of mine.

Collectors is a heist caper film with the grave robber Kang Donggu who can pinpoint a treasure's location by tasting soil and his crew of ingenious robbers including the self proclaimed Indiana Jones of Korea, Dr. Jones (Jo Woojin) and shoveling arts master, Shovel Leg (Im Wonhee).

Their goal is to steal ancient artifacts and sell them to antique collector, Sang Gil (Young Chang Song) with the help of antique art curator Yoon Sehee (Shin Hyesun) who helps him manage his collection.

And that was 5 Lee Jehoon movies on the top of my list. To know more about him you can check Company On website or his Instagram account.

[kateknowsdramas]

Hi Kate, thanks for the recommendation list! Who are your favorite Kdrama characters? -Kdrama Secret Valentine❤️

Ohh, Valentine this is difficult! I have so many I like. Okay, let's see if I can pare it down a bit.

Eun Dan Oh - Extraordinary You

Lee Ik Jun - Hospital Playlist 1/2

Ko Dong Man and Choi Ae Ra - Fight My Way

Lee Gang Doo - Just Between Lovers

Oh Mi Joo - Run On

Yeon Seon and Jung Ji Won - The King's Affection

Jung Geum Ja - Hyena

Bae Ta Mi, Cha Hyun and Song Ga Kyung - Search WWW

Woo Seo Ri and Gong Woo Jin - Thirty But Seventeen

Moon Sang Tae - It’s Okay to Not Be Okay

Okay, that's a lot but they're some of my absolute favorites.

[deokmis]

Queen of Mystery - Episode 2

[thbn-anything]

What other way is better than to begin this blog with a kdrama tag?

1. Favourite drama of all the time?

GOBLINNNN

2. Top 5 actors?

Park Seo Joon, Ji Chang Wook, Park Hyung Sik, Seo Kang Joon, Nam Joo Hyuk

3. Top 5 actresses?

Kim Ji Won, Kim Go Eun, Song Ji Hyo, Lee Sung Kyung, Son Ye Jin

4. Favourite idol actor?

Park Hyung Sikk

5. Favourite idol actress?

IUU

6. Favourite genre of dramas?

Rom-coms!

7. Do you watch other dramas beside korean dramas?

Nope, although I’m trying to consider watching chinese dramas

8. Favourite OST of all the time?

There are soo manyyy, but rn I’d probably have to choose ‘I will go to you like the first snow’ by Ailee

9. Drama with the best ost?

Definitely Crash Landing On You, followed by Goblin, Hotel Del Luna, Descendants of The Sun, and Hwarang

10. Top 5 OSTs?

I will go to you like the first snow (Ailee), All about you (Taeyeon), Here I am again (Yerin Baek), First love (Sondia), Once again (Mad Clown)

11. Top 5 OST singers?

IU, Taeyeon, Yoon Mirae, Yerin Baek, Davichi

12. Favourite villain in dramas?

Oof, tbh I’ve never really paid much attention to the villains but if I hv to pick one it’s probably Han Sang Hoon from W (yes I had to search his name bcs I’m really bad at remembering characters’ names)

13. Top 5 OTPs?

Ri Jeong Hyeok-Yoon Se Ri (Crash Landing On You), Ko Dong Man-Choi Ae Ra (Fight For My Way), Kim Bok Joo-Jung Joon Hyung (Weightlifting Fairy Kim Bok Joo), Do Bong Soon-Ahn Min Hyuk (Strong Woman Do Bong Soon), Oh Jin Shin-Kwon Jung Rok (Touch Your Heart) (for that last one Wang Yeo and Kim Sun ship also works teehee)

14. Favourite celebrity couple of real life?

Well they’re not together anymore but Lee Sung Kyung & Nam Joo Hyuk ((:

15. Which actor or actress you want as your bestfriend,older sister,older brother,boyfriend /girlfriend?

Oooo it’ll be nice to be friends with them all but for my best friend, prolly Kim Go Eun. I want Kim Ji Won as my noona and Ji Chang Wook as my oppa (I heard he has great manners :D). And maybe I’m the only one but I would feel extremely uncomfortable to date my bias so I’mma hv to skip that last one lol

16. Who is your favourite kdrama male character?

Again, I never really think about these but the one and only dokkaebi will get points for how hilarious his character is as a whole

17. Who is your favourite kdrama female character?

Literally just finished watching Revolutionary Love, and Byun Hyuk is not the only one that fell in love with Baek Joon’s strong personality. Totally love this girl!!!

18. What is your least favourite drama?

There were several kdramas that I discontinued because I was bored and just sorta disliked it (like it’s not my type). Most of these are action-genred dramas and the ones that are political and pretty heavy (like I didn’t finish vagabond and k2 although they are actually really good ones, I just don’t really like the genres that’s all), but out of all of these I’d probably hv to choose Abyss (stopped watching it after only 2 episodes) or Cheese In The Trap (THE ENDING OMGG I WANNA CRY 😭😭 CITT IS LITERALLY MY FAV WEBTOON AND THE DRAMA’S ENDING RUINED THE WHOLE THING)

19. How were you introduced to kdrama?

Well I’ve known kdramas ever since I was little (I used to join my cousins sometimes while they were watching them) but as a summary, I liked dramas because of webtoon (like drama genre yk) and at that time my cousins and one of my aunt who were at my house at the time were binge-watching CLOY so I sorta joined and watched like half of it, and when it was done there were other kdrama reccs there (we were watching it on netflix) and one of them was WWWSK and I was sorta interested and curious so I decided to watch it with my aunt. Ever since then I’ve been obsessed with kdramas that I binge-watch them everyday lol

20. What was your first drama?

Technically the first drama I’ve finished was What’s Wrong With Secretary Kim (step one on being a PSJ fan woohoooo), but back then when I was little I sometimes joined my cousins when they were watching The Heirs and My Love From The Star

21. Who is your least favourite drama character?

Ooh, the Jang family from Itaewon Class got me on my nerves but both psychopaths from Strong Woman Do Bong Soon and Suspicious Partner are definitely really annoying like why would u kill people for no reason you 미친 사이코 ��라이

22. Who is your least favourite actor or actress?

I don’t have a least fave bcs personally I think all of these actors and actresses are talented so like 🤷🏻‍♀️

23. Which actor or actress you want to marry?

As I said before, I would feel extremely uncomfortable if I’m dating my bias, so don’t even think about how I would feel if I married them

24. Is there a drama you wished that drama is your real life?

Wow okay but like EXO Next Door would be incredible lmfaooo (although I’m not rlly a fan of kpop but imagine being friends with all of the members of a popular kpop group like wow)

25. Which drama character you wished to have as your real life girlfriend or boyfriend?

Omg just a clueless romantic like Haru would be adorableee, or someone who is crazy over their gf like Ahn Min Hyuk would be amazhangg

26. Is there a drama character you wished that is you?

Wow I mean like being Do Bong Soon is great bcs 1. You hv superpowers and that’s already amazing on its own but then 2. Legit two handsome guys like you and just AAAA (also 3. She doesn’t hv any past traumas or somn and her relationship with everyone is alright)

27. Do you like noona romances?

Wow tbh nope, I never really liked noona romances, I mean like I’m already sorta uncomfortable when the lead man is older than the lead woman by like a decade or somn (like goblin omg), so like imagine if the woman is now older than the man by a decade (I mean like tbh I don’t rlly like it whenever the girl is older than the guys but eh whatevs)

28. What is your favourite sismance and bromance?

Bromance: KIM. SHIN. WANG. YEO. BEST BROMANCE DRAMA. ENOUGH SAID. EVERYONE CAN AGREEEE

Sismance: Fight For My Way’s Choi Ae Ra and Baek Seol Hee, I mean like,, friendship goals. Periodt.

29. Do you get second lead syndrome for both actors and actresses both?

Yesss, but I tend not to ship them and get too attached to them too much bcs ik they would never be endgame so like T.T

30. In which drama you had the worst second lead syndrome?

LITERALLY WATCHING IT RN AND I FEEL SO BAD FOR KIM SHIN HYUK OMGG 😭😭 (oh and also CITT’s Baek In Ho, like I didn’t ship them at all in the webtoon but their chemistry in the drama is urghhh I feel so bad for my babyy 😭 that’s also how I became a Seo Kang Joon fan YASSS)

31. What is your favourite drama in this year?

Well if you’re talking about drama that I watched this year, it’ll be too many as I’ve only just started watching kdramas literally March this year, so I’ll only perceive this as my favorite drama that was released in 2020, which is Backstreet Rookie although a lot of ppl actually hated it. Personally I disagree with those points too (adult webtoon, prostitution, underaged kissing, etc) but I really like how it’s such a funny comical drama, like those types of dramas are my favorite

32. Can you understand korean without subtitles?

Definitely not but that is indeed my goal yeeyee

33. What is your message to your favourite actor and actress?

You guys are amazing and all of us in the kdrama community will always support all of you, so HWAITING!! 💜

[papaya2000s]

Korean Artists from the 20th Centaury:

In my series The History of Korean Male Groups, i have briefly mentioned numerous artists, both male and female, in Part 2, Part 3, Part 4, Part 5, and Part 7 with more being mentioned in Part 8 that will be coming soon.

As there are many artists that i have mentioned in my history series (linked above) and shown on my Master List, i wanted to talk about and explore the lives of Korean artists individually from the 20th century. This list will be updated when a new episode is published.

Male Artists:

Episode 1 - Kim In-sik - (21/09/2024)

Episode 2 - Lee Eun-sang - (21/09/2024)

Episode 3 - Kim Saeng-ryeo - (11/11/2024)

Episode 3.5 - Kim Saeng-ryeo (Continuation) - (16/11/2024)

Episode 4 - Lee Im-beom - Put On Hold!

Female Artists:

Episode 1 - Kim So-hee - (05/10/2024)

Episode 2 - Jeon Hae-nam (Korean Tap Dancer) - (13/10/2024)

Episode 3 - Yun Sim-deok (Rewrite) - (19/10/2024)

Episode 3.5 - Yun Sim-deok (Continuation) - (14/11/2024)

Episode 4 - Kim Nan-ok - (22/01/2025)

Episode 5 - Kim Chae-woon - (23/01/2025)

Episode 6 - Kim Ok-jin - (26/01/2025)

Episode 7 - Kim Wol-seon - (27/01/2025)

Episode 8 - Kim Yeon Wol - (27/01/2025)

Episode 9 - Lim Chun-hong - (08/02/2025)

Episode 10 - Lee Hwa-seon - (11/02/2025)

Episode 11 - Lee So-hee - (14/02/2025)

Episode 12 - Lee Chae-seon - (14/02/2025)

Episode 13 - Lee Ok-ran - (15/02/2025)

Episode 14 - Coming Soon!

Other notable Female Artists:

Part 1 Oh San-wol - (11/07/2024)

Part 2 Jang Yeon-hong (1) - (14/07/2024)

Part 3 Jang Yeon-hong (2) - (16/07/2024)

Part 4 Lee Nan-hyang - Put On Hold!

------------------------------------------------------

This is a newly compiled list of Korean artists, including actors, actresses, film directors, painters, and writers. As the list is still being developed, I will refrain from posting about any specific Korean artists at this time.

Korean Actors & Actresses:

Female:

Lee Wol-hwa - Coming Soon!

Choi Eun-hee - Coming Soon!

Male:

Na Woon-gyu - Coming Soon!

Korean Film Directors:

Female:

Nothing Yet!

Male:

Kim Ki-young - Coming Soon!

Yu Hyun-mok - Coming Soon!

Shin Sang-ok - Coming Soon!

Lee Yong-min - Coming Soon!

Artists Yet to be Mentioned:

These are the list of some artists that i have not yet talked about individually yet in this series but will sometime in the future. This list will constantly change and people will be added and moved, if anyone has any recommendations of any Korean artists that you know from the 20th century please comment down below. ;)

Male Artists:

Lee In Beom - Coming Soon!

Kim Seong Tae - Coming Soon!

Jeong Jeong Ryeol - Coming Soon!

Im Bang Ul - Coming Soon!

Han Seong Jun - Coming Soon!

Kim Min Ik - Coming Soon!

Baek Seol Hee - Coming Soon!

Choi Nam Seon - Coming Soon!

Hyun Je Myeong - Coming Soon!

Lim Dong Hyeok - Coming Soon!

Female Artists:

Park Nok-ju - Coming Soon!

Kim Ok-sim - Coming Soon!

Lee Hwa-jung-seon - Coming Soon!

----------------------------------------------------

A list of Korean artists that i have and will talk about, and any recommendations for future episodes. Enjoy ;) @anemoiawithatouchofobsession

[lifeofkoreanaddict]

Upcoming Drama in April: Mystery Queen (추리의 여왕)

First Episode Airs: April 5, 2017

 Airing Days: Wednesday, Thursday

Network: KBS2

Synopsis:

Yoo Seol-Ok liked mystery novels and wanted to become a detective, but she gave up her dream after marrying. Now, she is a housewife with a husband who works as a prosecutor. She meets Ha Wan-Seung. He is a passionate detective and they decide to collaborate to solve cases.

Cast:

Kwon Sang-Woo - Ha Wan-Seung

Choi Gang-Hee - Yoo Seol-Ok

Lee Won-Geun - Chief Hong at police station

Jeon Soo-Jin - Kim Ho-Soon

Park Jun-Keum - Madame Park

Kim Hyun-Sook - Kyung-Mi

Ahn Kil-Kang - Detective Bae

Kim Min-Jae - Detective Dong-Ki

Yang Ik-June - Jang Do-Jang

Park Byung-Eun - Profiler Woo

[howwelldoyouknowyourmoon]

Papasan Choi died on Feb 23, 2023. Boonville was founded by him but taken away by Sun Myung Moon

Updated March 5, 2023

▲ Papasan Choi (aka Choi Sang-Ik, Choi Bong-Choon and Masaru Nishigawa) and Mamasan in Tokyo.

Sang-Ik Choi was born in 1925. At the age of two he had moved to Japan with his family, returning to Korea when they were forced to repatriate in 1945. His father gave him the name Bong-choon when he was in his twenties. He realized the significance of the name only after joining our church in April 1957 and thereafter adopted it. During his missionary days in Japan, he went by the Japanese name Masaru Nishigawa.

Mutual hostility contributed to Korea and Japan not restoring diplomatic relations until December 1965. In 1958, severe travel restrictions existed between the two countries. Talks recommenced in December that year only after Japan dropped its long-standing claim to about 80 percent of all property in Korea and its claim that Korea was the beneficiary from 1910-1945. Antiquities had been spirited away from Korea. Japan called this archeology; Korea called it theft. Any concessions on Japan’s part led to riots in Tokyo. Even in 1965, in both countries, riots and histrionic statements by politicians preceded the ratification votes.

He planted the seeds for the Unification Church in Japan from 1958 to 1964. Because Korea and Japan did not have diplomatic relations, he was arrested upon arrival in July 1958. Escaping confinement, he made his way to Tokyo where, after six months of struggle, he got a job as a salesman for a watch shop in the Shinjuku section. During the morning he worked. In the afternoon he witnessed. Once a week he rented the second floor of the shop to preach. On Sunday, October 2, 1959, he conducted the first Sunday service. The Unification Church of Japan commemorates this as its founding day.

Sang-Ik Choi was married in the 36 couples under the name of Bong-Choon Choi. His wife, Mi-Shik Shin, had been expelled from Ewha Woman’s University in 1955 during the UC sex scandal. The young women did not want to testify in court. However, Moon admitted to the judge that he had lied about his age to avoid the military draft. He was sentenced to two years in jail, but was released after a few months after some “special arrangements” were made. Papasan Choi was always reluctant to talk about how his wife was “womb-cleansed” by Sun Myung Moon.

▲ Papasan Choi with Japanese members

In 1964 he was deported from Japan to Korea; the following year he traveled to the US where he was known as Papasan Choi. He established a community in the Bay Area, but there was conflict between his group and that of Young-oon Kim who taught the Divine Principle in a more orthodox way.

▲ Boonville, also known as New Ideal City Ranch

Boonville was purchased in 1970 by Papasan Choi. He and his wife, known as Mamasan, led the Re-Education Center which he had founded in San Francisco. Mamasan’s role in the community was significant. Yeon-Soo Lim (or Onni Durst as she was later known) ran an outpost of Papasan Choi’s community in Berkeley.

Papasan Choi’s secular teachings, The Principles of Education, were the foundation for the teaching methods used in the Bay Area and Boonville by Mose Durst, Kristina Morrison Seher and the Creative Community Project team.

__________________________________

▲ Papasan Choi, Mamasan and San Francisco members, January 1, 1969

“Furthermore, the International Re-Education Foundation had owned some land in Boonville, California, sometimes known as [the New] Ideal City Ranch, which it turned over in a simple transfer of title in 1974 to the Unification Church.” (page 111) Rev. Sun Myung Moon (1978) by Chong-Sun Kim. University Press of America

In December 1974 Yeon-Soo Lim was married to Mose Durst by Sun Myung Moon in Pasadena. From then she was known as Onni Durst. At the same time Moon made her the Unification Church leader of California (excluding Los Angeles). In this way she inherited the Boonville property. Papasan Choi was sometimes described as a failure by leaders of the Creative Community Project, however, that had not been the case.

Link to an extended report on Papasan Choi and the early UC in California.

Papasan Choi made a public declaration about leaving the Unification Church on January 15, 1987 in Saitama, Japan.

統一教会問題と私、及びその未来 – 西川 勝氏

__________________________________

Creative Community Project brochure

From a talk given by Dr. Mose Durst, President of the Creative Community Project.

Childcare in the Unification Church of Oakland

Boonville – Is this how the Family cared for its children?

Recruitment – The Boonville Chicken Palace by David Frank Taylor, M.A., July 1978, Sociology

Moonwebs by Josh Freed

Crazy for God: The nightmare of cult life by Christopher Edwards

Ford Greene – the former Moonie became an attorney

Chant 10,000 times – instruct Onni Durst and Kristina Morrison Seher, June 2014

__________________________________

Thomas W. Case:

Boonville in the spring of 1974

Inside Look at a Boonville Moonie Training Session

__________________________________

[whatisonthemoon]

The KCIA and the Unification Church

Excerpt from The Unification Church and the KCIA – ‘Privatizing’ covert action: the case of the UC from Lobster, May 1991

Left to right: Won-bok Choi (a ‘second wife’ of Moon), Hak Ja Han, Sun Myung Moon, Ryoichi Sasakawa, unknown, Hyo-won Eu (who wrote the 1957 Divine Principle and was the main lecturer and organiser of the UC in Korea in the late 1950s and 1960s) and Osami Kuboki (leader of the UC of Japan). The KCIA

Kim officially founded the KCIA on 19 June 1961, and was appointed as its first director. (50) His goal was not only to safeguard the new regime but to create an impregnable power base for himself and the 3000 former G-2 men that constituted its core personnel. (51) Therefore, although the KCIA formally replaced its predecessor under the ousted Myon Chang regime, the Combined Intelligence Research Center, its responsibilities were greatly expanded. The new organization was ‘to supervise and coordinate both international and domestic intelligence activities and criminal investigation by all government agencies, including that of the military’ (52) – i.e. to combine all foreign intelligence and internal security functions in one agency. (53) To accomplish these extensive tasks, its personnel were well-paid and carefully organized into eight Bureaux coordinated by an executive committee. (54) The result, according to expert testimony, was the creation of a ‘state within a state’ (55) that was ‘involved in virtually every aspect of Korean life’. (56) This latter remark is more than rhetorical, for although the KCIA has received the most media attention for its external influence operations in the U.S., its primary function has always been to suppress dissent within South Korea. (57) In its efforts to intimidate the Korean population and eliminate political opposition, it relies upon the standard gamut of secret police techniques, including heavy-handed surveillance, kidnapping, assassination, infiltration, provocation, ‘emergency’ arrest and imprisonment, and both physical and psychological torture. (58) The expanded operational sphere of the KCIA was demonstrated as early as 1962, when Kim supervised the creation of the rigidly-centralized ‘civilian’ Minju Kongwa Tang (Democratic Republican Party, or DRP) for Park and installed himself as party chairman. (59) The persuasiveness and intrusive power of the KCIA in South Korea must therefore be taken into account when examining the UC’s political activities and options.

Now that the backgrounds of the UC and KCIA have been sketched, I shall attempt to clarify aspects of their relationship. Considering Jong-Pil Kim’s conspiratorial brilliance and his success in establishing an extremely powerful coercive apparatus under his direct control, it is not at all hard to imagine that he ‘organized’ – or more likely reorganized – the UC in order to utilize it politically. (60) Even if Moon had been opposed to such an arrangement – and there is little reason to suppose he would have, given his desire to obtain recognition and support from the Korean political establishment – he could not have forcibly prevented it. Therefore, there is every reason to suspect that Moon and Kim made a mutually beneficial ‘gentlemen’s agreement’ whereby the former would be allowed to maintain and even expand his evangelistic and business activities with official approval in return for permitting his revamped church to be used as a ‘cover’ for a variety of KCIA operations. (61) In any arrangement of this type, Kim would obviously have been the dominant party, at least in the early stages. However, as Kim’s own fortunes waxed and waned as a result of factional struggles between his followers and those of his major rivals in the so-called ‘anti-Main Current’ wing of the DRP, (62) Moon – whose organization increasingly established semi-independent power bases in Japan and the U.S. – seems to have seized upon these periodic opportunities to enlarge his own operation’s independence. Even so, the heavy hands of the KCIA and other powerful ROK agencies, including the Counter-Intelligence Corps (KCIC) under Park’s direct control, (63) would have been in a position to forcibly suppress his church’s enterprises in Korea, as indeed they did if only temporarily, in the wake of the ‘Koreagate’ scandal. (64)

This interpretation is not mere speculation. According to the Fraser Subcommittee report, there is ‘a great deal of independent corroboration for the suggestion in [U.S.] intelligence reports that Kim Jong-Pil and the Moon organization carried on a mutually supportive relationship, as well as for the statement that Kim used the UC for political purposes’. (65) Here, my purpose is not to explicate all the ways in which Moon participated in the Korean influence campaign, but only to focus on those particulars that seem to shed some light on the nature of the relations between the UC and KCIA.

KCIA and the Unification Church

One of the earliest clues is provided by four English-speaking ROK Army officers who were close to Jong-Pil Kim and were either members or ‘active sympathizers’ of the UC beginning in the mid-1950s – Sang-Keuk Han (a.k.a. Bud Han), Sang-In Kim (a.k.a. Steve Kim), Sang-Kil Han, and Bo-Hi Pak. (66) The process by which these men became involved with the UC requires some clarification. According to Jean-Francois Boyer, Pak was introduced to the UC by one of Moon’s most brilliant disciples, Young-Oon Kim, who had met the young Colonel at U.S. Army Headquarters in Korea, where both had jobs. Pak quickly became involved with Moon’s group, although he didn’t become an official member until 1957, and it was he who elicited the sympathy and support of the other three officers. (67) This not only made it possible for Moon to gain a foothold within the military, but also seems to have led to his further politicization. (68)

Of these four, Pak is the most important. (69) He was born on 18 August 1930, entered the Korean military academy on 1 June 1950, fought in the Korean War, attended the U.S. Army’s Infantry Training School at Fort Benning, (70) served as liaison to the Chief of the U.S. Advisory Group in Korea at different times between 1953 and 1961, and was assistant military attache at the Washington, D.C. ROK embassy from 1961 to 1964, where he functioned as liaison between the KCIA and the U.S. intelligence agencies. (71) In this latter capacity, he served as one of Jong-Pil Kim’s ‘escorts’ during Kim’s meetings with (U.S.) CIA, National Security Agency and Defence Intelligence Agency officials in 1962. (72) He has long been Moon’s right hand man.

Bud Han was a UC member who was also a personal assistant to Jong-Pil Kim and a translator for Park before becoming an ROK diplomat and, eventually a director of Moon’s major newspaper, the Washington Times. (73)

Steve Kim was a UC supporter who retired from the Army in May of 1961 to join the KCIA, at which point he served as a ‘discrete but effective intermediary’ between the UC and the Park regime. Later he became the liaison man between the KCIA and U.S. CIA, served as Jong-Pil Kim’s translator during the latter’s 1962 visit to America, and ultimately became the head of Moon’s media group, [News] World Communications Inc.(74)

Finally, Sang-Kil Han was a UC sympathizer who served as military attache at the Washington ROK embassy in the late 1960s, a position involving intelligence work, (75) and later became Moon’s personal secretary and the tutor for his children. (76)

Thus, while in the period preceding and following the Park coup, these four officers were excellently placed to broker relations between Jong-Pil Kim and Moon, the precise nature of their loyalty is impossible to determine. Whose ends were they mainly serving? Were they, as Boyer assumes, devoted followers of Moon who were using their military and intelligence positions to proselytize and increase his influence? Were they promoting both Moon’s and Kim’s purposes, which may have been perfectly complementary? Or were they sent by counterintelligence expert Kim to infiltrate the UC and manipulate it for his hidden purposes? This will probably remain a mystery, as there is circumstantial evidence to suggest all three interpretations and not enough hard data to conclusively resolve the issue. For example, Pak has been a described as a ‘model Moonie’ – obedient and absolutely loyal to Moon. (77) Yet his intelligence background cannot be lightly dismissed, and it is noteworthy that Kim’s KCIA was later discovered to be infiltrating operatives into Korean-American churches to monitor and manipulate their activities. (78) All we can say with certainty is that these four played a major role in the early development of relations between the UC and the founders of the KCIA.

However, regardless of the exact nature of these early interactions, there is no doubt that Moon’s fortunes improved dramatically following Park’s coup and Kim’s installation as KCIA director. While other churches in Korea were viewed with suspicion and sometimes even persecuted, (79) the UC benefitted as never before. In October of 1962, Jong-Pil Kim met secretly with UC members in San Francisco and told them ‘he would give their movement political support in Korea, though he could not afford to do so openly’. (80) He soon made good on his promise: shortly thereafter the Korean UC was officially registered as a bona fide church and granted tax exempt status by the Park government. (81) Later still, T’ong-Il Industries – Moon’s first and most important business venture in Korea – was awarded ROK defense contracts to make parts for M-79 grenade launchers, Vulcan anti-aircraft guns, and probably M-16 assault rifles; (82) and the Korean government subsidized T’ong-Il and other UC fronts. (83) Moon has stated that the Korea of the Park regime was ‘a country where, if you want to do well, undoubtedly you should have a blessing from the political sector, especially people in power.’ (84)

But this ‘blessing’ is not bestowed cheaply, and there is no doubt that the UC had to grant the government favors and accede to its demands, the most important of which seems to have been Kim’s desire to use the UC as a ‘cover’ for KCIA operations or, at the very least, to enter into a partnership with the UC in promoting mutually desired anti-communist and pro-Park activities. (85) Since there is no evidence that the UC employed front groups conducive to such operations prior to the early 1960s, my guess is that Moon was pressured into ‘allowing’ Kim to reorganize the UC’s organizational structure for these covert political purposes.

However, serious lacunae [an unfilled space or interval; a gap] in the available data between 1955 and 1965 make it difficult to conclusively demonstrate this. Up to the former year, all indications are that the UC struggled to win new converts and remain financially viable, (86) and under these circumstances one would normally not expect to find a great deal of structural elaboration. Our first real information about UC organization is provided by Chong-Sun Kim, who – presumably on the basis of Korean and Japanese sources – says that Moon had established thirty churches throughout South Korea by July of 1957. (87) In the following year, Moon expended considerable effort to establish new UC branches, both in Korea and abroad. (88) Sang-Ik Choi was authorized to begin missionary work in Japan (89) and Young-Oon Kim was sent overseas to establish new churches. (90) In 1959, a new phase of organizational expansion and transformation occurred. Thirty new ‘evangelical centers’ were established to train his followers, the church becoming more hierarchical and disciplined, and by the end of the year seventy churches had been founded. (91) It is worth noting that all of this expansion and reorganization was after the recruitment of Bo-Hi Pak [in 1958].

The UC in the 1960s

But it was not until the 1960s – after the Park coup – that the UC began to take on its current, highly-elaborate form. According to C-S Kim, a top UC official named Hyo-Won Yu [Eu] reorganized the church into ‘a communist-type centralized structure comprising numerous Divine Principle indoctrination centers, executive committees, bureaux, sections and cell organizations’. (92) A similar UC structure is described in detail in a 1967 article [LINK to DOC] published by one of Moon’s early associates, Syn-Duk Choi [who joined in 1954 and had left by the early 1960s but had many contacts within the movement] … .(93) Therein she describes an efficient, systematic arrangement involving both an executive headquarters to oversee general, cultural and business affairs, and a pyramidal parish network reaching from the provincial level down through the district, sub-district and village levels to the individual evangelist. (94) She also indicates that the UC had a highly-developed communications system for the transmission of orders and rapid personnel mobilization, a zealous cadre of members absolutely devoted to Moon and willing to undergo high work levels and extreme self-sacrifice, and – perhaps most importantly – a type of cross-cutting arrangement of members into horizontal division by sex and age which, when combined with the territorially-based vertical structures, served to enmesh each member in a complex web of organizational control that severely restricted individual freedom of action. (95) This parallels the cadre-building techniques utilized by the world’s authoritarian Marxist-Leninist parties, (96) and it is therefore hardly surprising when Choi says that ‘the organization of the T’ong-il church is so systematic that one thinks of communists. They pose as ‘heavenly communists’.’ (97) Another point of interest is that UC members ‘cooperated’ with village officials and police personnel on the local level. (98)

The difficulty lies in identifying the true author of this sophisticated organizational framework. One is naturally tempted to ascribe it to the conscious design and action of Jong-Pil Kim, since it seems to conform, in many respects, to the ROK government’s own hierarchical administrative structure. (99) But this may well be a false assumption, since other New Religions in both Korea and Japan had created similarly elaborate arrangements. (100) Did Moon simply copy the hierarchical structure of other New Religions and adapt it for his own purposes, or did Kim later impose it on the UC? Again, it is impossible to say for certain. But it does appear likely that the KCIA chief, who was, after all, an expert on clandestine and covert organizational techniques, introduced Moon to the concept of front groups and perhaps also to the cross-cutting organizational pattern noted above; and it is certain that the post-coup regime helped the UC expand and prosper.

In any case, the final result of this official sponsorship and reorganization is well summarized in the Fraser Subcommittee’s final 1978 report: ’[Moon is] the key figure in an international network of [front] organizations engaged in economic and political as well as religious activities. [It] is essentially one worldwide organization, under the centralized direction and control of Moon…. In the training and use of lower-ranking members, it resembles a paramilitary organization, while in other respects it has the characteristics of a tightly disciplined international political party.’ (101)

This conclusion is corroborated by the testimony of ex-Moonies like Diana Devine, who confirmed that ‘[a]ll members of the UC are used interchangeably in any one of the 60 front organizations, as needed or assigned by Moon’. (102) One is therefore entitled to assume that Kim had a hand in transforming the UC from a semi-communal (albeit disciplined) impoverished, unpopular ‘New Religion’ into a political instrument of such sophistication.

A couple of examples of joint UC-KCIA operations should be delineated for illustrative purposes. One involved the Korean Cultural and Freedom Foundation (KCFF), reputedly Pak’s brainchild. (103) This organization was formally established in Washington in March 1964, ostensibly to accord honor to Americans who defended and aided Korea, provide for cultural interchanges, and ‘foster a mutuality of understanding, respect and friendship between the citizens of the United States and Korea’. (104) But the KCFF had other, covert agendas. Pak told Robert Roland that the KCFF was a ‘front organization’ which was to be used by Moon to ‘gain influence with wealthy people [and] government officials’ and as a UC ‘fund-raising organization.’ (105) In a 1963 brochure produced before the KCFF’s founding, its only proposed project was listed as the Little Angels, (106) a Korean dance troupe created by Moon. (107) Yet this is not the whole story either, for the KCFF was also utilized to raise money for another project sponsored by the KCIA and the Park regime – the Freedom Center (FC) established by the Asian Peoples’ Anti-Communist League (APACL) in Seoul. (108) On 1 January 1964, Jong-Pil Kim had been named as the KCFF’s ‘honorary chairman’,(109) and by spring of that year he had ‘persuaded’ Pak to list the Freedom Center as the KCFF’s ‘primary project’. (110) Moreover, Pak was granted an ‘unprecedented’ military discharge so that he could take charge of KCFF’s development, (111) and other intelligence personnel were also associated with the KCFF, including William Curtin, a former U.S. military intelligence officer who became a KCFF board member and vice president,(112) and a KCIA officer named Un-Young Kim (a.k.a. Mickey Kim), who was given a special assignment involving the FC. (113)

In 1966 the KCIA pressured the KCFF to sponsor another project, the Radio of Free Asia (ROFA), which was designed to beam anti-communist propaganda behind the ‘Bamboo Curtain’. (114) The idea was to raise money in the U.S. to pay for the Seoul-based transmissions, the first of which was broadcast on 15 August 1966. (115) Although ROFA had a titular American chief, its two operations directors were Jong-Pil Kim subordinates and KCIA operatives. (116) Furthermore, ROFA was allowed to use ROK government facilities ‘at no cost’,(117) and its broadcasts were monitored and partially supplied by the KCIA’s Seventh Bureau (118), which was responsible for psychological warfare. Thus, American citizens were being duped into financing official South Korean propaganda by the KCFF. All of these developments led the Fraser Subcommittee to conclude that from ‘the early 1960s through 1978, KCFF served as an important link between the Moon organization and the ROK Government’(119) and that ‘the influence of Kim Jong-Pil and Moon was present in its establishment and operations’. (120)

Many other examples of KCIA-UC cooperation can be mentioned. Among the more significant are the establishment of a UC training center at Sootaek-Ri to provide mandatory anti-communist indoctrination to ROK government officials, which has by now ‘educated’ many thousands of Koreans; (121) the provision of $50,000 by the KCIA to aid Moon’s attempted takeover of the Diplomat National Bank in New York; (122) the near launching of an anti-Japanese demonstration in Washington by Moonies under KCIA direction; (123) the establishment of numerous UC-controlled businesses in South Korea with Park’s support; (124) the use of official Korean embassy cable channels by Pak; (125) and the mutual KCIA-UC involvement in the founding of the International Federation for Victory over Communism (IFVC) and its U.S. affiliate, the Freedom Leadership Foundation (FLF). (126)

From this brief synthesis of masses of evidence uncovered by the Fraser Subcommittee, two firm conclusions can be drawn. First, contrary to the assertions of Pak and Moon himself, the UC was intimately involved in the Korean influence campaign directed by elements of the KCIA. Second, the UC was not simply an ‘agent of influence’ for the ROK regime, as some investigators have asserted. As the Subcommittee itself noted, ‘Moon and his organization acted from a mixture of motives and objectives. Service to Korea was combined with a desire to advance personal and organizational goals.’ (127) This is supported by other informed testimony. According to Allen Tate Wood, a former FLF leader, Moon spoke of making the Korean government ‘absolutely dependent’ on his services, (128) and in one talk Moon said: ‘My life is not so small I would act as a [K]CIA agent. My eyes and goal are not just for Korea…. the world is my goal and target.’(129) Therefore, it seems likely that the UC tried to extend its operational independence by taking advantage of factional strife between the several power blocs within Korea which had formed by the 1970s. As the Subcommittee emphasised, the UC’s organizational complex ‘was affected by shifts among the various factions within the Korean Government’.(130) In this connection, it should be noted that Pak had established close relations with other powerful ROK figures besides Jong-Pil Kim, including the head of the Presidential Protective Force, Chong-Kyu Park. (131) Thus, although the organizational refinement and economic expansion of the UC were stimulated by the ROK government following the 1961 coup, it would probably be a mistake to view the megalomaniac Moon as a passive lackey. (132)

In short, although the confusion remains regarding the details of the relationship between the UC and KCIA, the intimate connections between the two cannot be denied. Moon’s covert – and indeed overt – political support of one of the world’s more repressive dictatorships,(133) in conjunction with its brutal secret police apparatus, provides an excellent example of how the church functions in an external social control capacity, since these operations obviously contributed to manipulating and restricting the activities of people outside the UC itself.