#Royal College of Science and Technology

[violetsandshrikes]

Notable Women In Zoology: Dr. Letitia Eva Takyibea Obeng

Dr. Obeng (1925-2023) was the first Ghanaian woman to obtain a degree in zoology, and the first to be awarded a doctorate. She is described as "the grandmother of female scientists in Ghana".

Her other notable accomplishments include:

A Bachelor of Science in Zoology and Botany (1952), a Master of Science in Parasitology (1962) and a PhD in Tropical Medicine (1964) where she studied the black fly and its relevance to river blindness

Post university, she lectured at the University College of Science and Technology (now known as Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, KNUST) from 1952 to 1959

In 1952, Dr. Obeng became the first female scientist at KNUST

After her husband's death in 19659, she moved to the the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)

IN 1964, she established the Institute of Aquatic Biology within CSIR to research the huge manmade Volta Lake in Ghana and its inland water system

Dr. Obeng was the first scientist to be employed by the National Research Council of Ghana

In 1965, Dr Obeng became a fellow of the Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 2006, she became the first female president of the Academy

In 1972, Dr. Obeng delivered the Caroline Haslett Memorial Lecture to the Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce, titled “Nation Building and the African Woman”

In 1972, she was an invited participant in the United Nations Human Environment Conference in Stockholm

In 1974, she began work as the Officer in the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and in 1989, she became the Director of the UNEP Regional Office for Africa, and the UNEP's Representative to Africa

From 1992 to 1993, Obeng was a Distinguished International Visitor fellow at Radcliff College

In 1997, she received the CSIR Award for Distinguished Career and Service to Science and Technology, the first woman to receive such an award

The CSIR Laboratory (known as The Letitia Obeng Block) was named after her in 1997 as well

She received Ghana's highest national award, Order of the Star of Ghana in 2006

In 2017, she received an honorary Doctor of Science degree from KNUST

She was also the author of numerous publications and works. Two meant for the public were Parasites, the Sly and Sneaky Enemies inside You (1997) and -Anthology of a Lifetime (2019)

[aimeedaisies]

The Princess Royal’s Official Engagements in October 2024

01/10 As Court Member of the Fishmongers’ Company, visited a Food Technology Class at Bingley Grammar School. 🐟🏫

As President of the UK Fashion and Textile Association, visited SIL Group’s Fibre Processing Mill at Ladywell Mills in Bradford. 🧵🧣

Visited Viking Arms Limited in Harrogate. ⚔️🏹🗡️

02/10 Visited Blackburn Meadows Bio-Mass Power Plant in Tinsley, Sheffield. 🍃🔋

Visited Sheffield Forgemasters. 🔥⚒️

Visited Loadhog at the Hog Works. 🚛🚚

Opened the University of Sheffield’s Gene Therapy Innovation and Manufacturing Centre. 🧬

03/10 As President of Carers Trust, attended the Short Breaks Wales Conference at Sophia Gardens Cricket Ground in Cardiff. 🦽🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿

As Colonel of The Blues and Royals (Royal Horse Guards and 1st Dragoons), attended the Annual Dinner at the Mandarin Oriental Hyde Park Hotel in Knightsbridge, London. 💂🍽️

04/10 As Vice Patron of the British Horse Society attended the Changing Lives Through Horses Forum at Saddlers' Hall in London. 🐎

08/10 As President of the Royal Yachting Association, opened Warsash Sailing Club’s renovated Clubhouse. ⛵️🍾

As Patron of Catch22, visited the Orion Centre in Havant, Hampshire. 🫂

Sir Tim represented Princess Anne at the Memorial Service for Mrs Julia Rausing (Philanthropist) which was held in St James’s Church in London. ⛪️

09/10 Attended the Annual National Service for Seafarers in St. Paul's Cathedral. ⛪️⚓️

10/10 As Patron of the Royal College of Emergency Medicine, attended the Annual Scientific Conference at the Glasshouse International Centre for Music in Gateshead. 💊

As Patron of the Butler Trust, visited North Tyneside Youth Justice System in North Shields. 🔗

Opened a renovated manufacturing facility in North Shields. 🏢

11/10 As Admiral of the Sea Cadet Corps, Marine Society and Sea Cadets, opened Midlands Boat Station in Birmingham. 🫡⛵️

As Chancellor of Harper Adams University, opened the Digital Learning Hub at the Quad in Telford. 🖥️💻🎮

As Patron of YSS Limited, visited the Criminal Justice Service at the Shropshire Golf Centre in Telford. 👩‍⚖️

14/10 As Guardian of Give Them A Sporting Chance and the Chaffinch Trust, held Management Board and Team Meetings at Gatcombe Park. 💼

15/10 With Sir Tim as Royal Patron of the Motor Neurone Disease Association, attended the “Countdown to Cure” Reception at the Royal College of Nursing in London. 💊

With Sir Tim As Patron of the Remembrance Trust, attended a Dinner at the Beefsteak Club in London. 🌹

16/10 As Royal Patron of the Security Institute, attended the Annual Conference at the Royal Society of Medicine. 🚨🔒

As Master of the Corporation of Trinity House, attended a Civic Luncheon at Trinity House. 🍽️

As Royal Patron of WISE, attended the Annual Conference at IET London: Savoy Place. 🧩

17/10 As Patron of the Cathedral Church of Saint German Peel Development Appeal attended a Thanksgiving Service in St German’s Cathedral, Peel, Isle of Man. 🇮🇲⛪️

Visited the Manx National Heritage “All at Sea” Exhibition at the House of Manannan in Peel, Isle of Man. 🇮🇲 🌊

As Grand Master of the Royal Victorian Order, attended Evensong and a Reception at The King’s Chapel of the Savoy in London. ⛪️🍾

As President of the Royal Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce, attended a Reception to mark the 250th Anniversary of RSA House. 🎂

Unofficial Sir Tim, as Chair of the Board of Trustees of the Science Museum Group, attended the launch of the Manchester Science Festival at the Science and Industry Museum in Manchester. 🧪🧬🔭

18/10 On behalf of The King, held an Investiture at Buckingham Palace. 🎖️

Attended a performance by the Spanish Riding School of Vienna at OVO Arena in Wembley. 🇦🇹🇪🇸🐎

19/10 With Sir Tim Attended British Champions Day at Ascot Racecourse. 🏆🐎

22/10 As Master of the Corporation of Trinity House, chaired the Quarterly Meeting of the Court and attended a Luncheon at Trinity House. 💼

As Patron of UK Coaching, held a Reception at Buckingham Palace to celebrate Olympic and Paralympic Coaching. 🇬🇧🏅

23/10 Attended a Bicentenary Commemorative Service to recognise the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service in St Giles’ Cathedral, Edinburgh. 🚒🧯👨‍🚒

As Royal Patron of Leuchie Forever Fund, held a Benefactors’ Dinner at the Palace of Holyroodhouse. 🍽️

24/10 Re-opened the Rowan Glen Factory at Palnure, near Newton Stewart. 🍶

As Patron of the Royal College of Occupational Therapists, opened the new wing at West Cumberland Hospital in Whitehaven. 🏥

With Sir Tim As Patron of the Royal Navy and Royal Marines Charity, attended the Trafalgar Night Dinner at the Old Royal Naval College in Greenwich. ⚓️����🍽️

25/10 Opened the British Standards Institution International Electrotechnical Commission Annual Meeting at the Edinburgh International Conference Centre. 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿🔋

28/10 Attended the Prison Advice and Care Trust’s 125th Anniversary National Volunteer Awards at St John’s Church in London. 🏆

29/10 On behalf of The King, held morning and afternoon investitures at Windsor Castle.🎖️

31/10 Visited the Robotic Surgery Unit at Musgrove Park Hospital in Taunton. 🤖🏥

Attended a Reception for the Pride of Somerset Youth Awards winners at Bridgwater and Taunton College. 🏆

Was installed as Chancellor of Health Sciences University before launching the University in Bournemouth. 🎓

As Patron of Save the Children UK, attended the Autumn in the City Dinner at the Savoy in London. 🍽️

Total official engagements for Anne in September: 58

2024 total so far: 371

Total official engagements accompanied/represented by Tim in September: 5

2024 total so far: 91

FYl - due to certain royal family members being off ill/in recovery I won't be posting everyone's engagement counts out of respect, I am continuing to count them and release the totals at the end of the year.

[best-underrated-anime]

Best Underrated Anime Group E Round 4: Are You Ok vs Moriarty the Patriot

#E1: Are You Ok (You Yao)

Transmigrators modernize ancient China. Chaos ensues.

#E4: Moriarty the Patriot (Yuukoku no Moriarty)

Gay found family criminals versus corrupt nobility

#E1: Are You Ok (You Yao)

Summary:

People from the modern world transmigrating into the ancient Chinese fantasy world has become a common and everyday occurrence that the royal court in the latter has decided to moderate them. If you’re a transmigrator, you must report your existence to Lou Zhu, the master of Best Tower. Once you pass his test and prove that you are indeed a modern person, you can then be assigned to work in different areas of the government and be given a high salary.

Because of this promised benefit, many impostors have showed up before Lou Zhu. And one day, Zuo Yunqi takes this test as well. Is he an impostor, or is he an actual modern person?

But some transmigrators also choose to hide their existence out of distrust in the government. Where are they? And with their advanced knowledge on science and technology, what are they planning in the dark?

Elsewhere, other transmigrators find themselves in all sorts of situations—an art student is detained and forced to come up with a recipe for a poisonous meal, while another is stuck sharing a body with the original soul and fighting for its control. Meanwhile, unrest rises in the Jianghu and a storm brews in the palace. Can our transmigrators’ modern knowledge save the day? Or will their lack of understanding in the current world lead to their downfall?

Propaganda:

As someone who is in the You Yao and YuuMori fandoms and adores both for being very gay while still having a good plot, I’d say these two stories are tied in terms of quality. They both execute their respective genres well and really shouldn’t be pitted against each other. But since I absolutely have to choose, then I’m siding with You Yao for this round. The YuuMori anime is a bit lacking compared to its manga, whereas the You Yao donghua elevates the original novel and breathes new life into it.

I started both shows as an anime-only. While watching YuuMori, there was always this nagging feeling at the back of my mind that I was missing out on something. There were so many instances that seemed odd or abrupt. The “found family” gang felt forced, and Sherlock’s attachment and dedication to William seemed excessive in the episodes leading to the climax and even at the climax. It turns out the anime had cut out a chapter in the manga where Sherlock visited William at the college where he teaches. This was such a let-down for me because that chapter showed how the two interact outside of a crime scene and still be friends.

In contrast, the You Yao donghua was able to stand on its own. You don’t even have to read the novel anymore, which is surprising coming from someone like me who always advocates on experiencing the source material.

In the novel, arcs seem disconnected from each other that, while reading, you don’t get the feeling that there’s an overarching plot. It is only later in the story that everything starts slowly coming together.

Somehow, the You Yao donghua was able to take the scattered puzzle pieces of the novel and connect them all together to deliver a coherent story all the while still keeping the spirit of the original—a suckerpunching emotional rollercoaster ride masquerading as yet another comedy. Characters were also given more emotional depth, which is a plus because the novel only portrayed it subtly. Even the donghua-original characters were so likable that I had to double-check if they were canon.

The YuuMori anime has its good parts of course, but overall I think it could’ve done a lot better in terms of character relationships and pacing.

So yeah, both stories are equally good in each of their own genres. But on being an animated adaptation? You Yao takes the win. Vote You Yao.

Trigger warnings: Guns, kidnapping, and imprisonment. Nothing too dark, though.

#E4: Moriarty the Patriot (Yuukoku no Moriarty)

Summary:

During the late 19th century, Great Britain has become the greatest empire the world has ever known. Hidden within its success, the nation's rigid economic hierarchy dictates the value of one's life solely on status and wealth. To no surprise, the system favors the aristocracy at the top and renders it impossible for the working class to ascend the ranks.

William James Moriarty, the second son of the Moriarty household, lives as a regular noble while also being a consultant for the common folk to give them a hand and solve their problems. However, deep inside him lies a desire to destroy the current structure that dominates British society and those who benefit from it.

Alongside his brothers Albert and Louis, William will do anything it takes to change the filthy world he lives in—even if blood must be spilled.

Propaganda:

The story isn’t quite on par with the manga (solely due to there being not enough episodes to cover full character arcs), but the ‘eat the rich’ vibes are immaculate, the plot is complex and interesting, the queercoding and subtext are both wonderfully done, AND there is a CANON TRANS CHARACTER !!!!

Trigger Warnings: Child Abuse, Gender Identity/Sexuality Discrimination, Graphic Depictions of Cruelty/Violence/Gore, Rape/Non-Con, Self-Harm, Suicide

When reblogging and adding your own propaganda, please tag me @best-underrated-anime so that I’ll be sure to see it.

If you want to criticize one of the shows above to give the one you’re rooting for an advantage, then do so constructively. I do not tolerate groundless hate or slander on this blog. If I catch you doing such a thing in the notes, be it in the tags or reblogs, I will block you.

Know one of the shows above and not satisfied with how it’s presented in this tournament? Just fill up this form with your revisions, and I’ll consider adapting those changes.

New: Starting round 5, screenshots will be included in the poll post. You can submit screenshots through the form linked above, or through here, via ask or dm.

Guidelines in submitting screenshots:

No NSFW or spoilery images.

Pick some good images please. Don’t send any blurry or pixelated ones.

You may send up to 9 screenshots, but not all may be used.

[thecutestgrotto]

Return to Navigation

Aesthetic Divider Sets:

Cute Coquette -> Dark Coquette

Royal Academia -> Academia Law -> Softcore Royalty

Pink Royalty -> Elegant Royalty

Pixel Arcade

Steampunk

Fairytales

Celestial Sun and Moons

Rose Gold

Black and Purple Witchy Aesthetic

Hot Pink Dividers

Kawaii Dividers

Dark Gray Dividers

Mafia Aesthetic

The Roaring 20’s

Wizard Core

Opera Aesthetic

Vintage Aesthetic

Mid Century Modern

Currant Red

Miami Aesthetic

Sun and Ice

Scene Core

Navy Blue and Gold

Midnight Blue Aesthetic

Western Aesthetic

Trucker Aesthetic

60’s Aesthetic

Pink Y2K Jelly Aesthetic

Cute and Cozy Aesthetic

Themes:

Blue Doodles -> Magenta Doodles -> White Doodles

Geodes

Books -> Pink and Purple Books

Legos

Art Supplies

Firefighters

Bubbles

Glitter

Cute Bows -> Blue Bows

Rainbow Clouds

Pirates

Black Lace -> Green Lace -> Pink Lace -> Navy & Cream

Music and Radios

Mermaids and Sirens

Cigars and Cigarettes

Fairies

Angels and Demons

Scrolls and Quills

Polka Dots

Apocalypse

Media Control Buttons

Smoke and Fire

Science and Research

Romantic Couple Silhouettes -> More Silhouettes

Golden Elegant Décor

Swirls and Spirals

Cute Crayon Doodles -> Winter Crayon Doodles

Nazar Amulets

Window Scenery

50’s Diner

Cruises

Circus

Cute Technology

Fancy Restaurant

Fireworks

Classical Theatre

Norse Mythology

Gloomy Lighthouses

Dark Sirens

Greek Mythology

Sea Monsters

Major Arcana Tarot Cards

Makeup and Beauty Products

Hanging Laundry

Coins

Four Leaf Clovers

Cityscapes

Cassettes and Vinyls

Highways and Roadwork

Pronoun Friendship Bracelets

College Life

Vintage Cameras

Chainsaws

Soft Fairy Lights

Wedding

[historysideblog]

Online History Short-Courses offered by Universities Masterpost

Categories: Classical Studies, Egyptology, Medieval, Renaissance, The Americas, Asia, Other, Linguistics, Archaeology

How to get Coursera courses for free: There are several types of courses on Coursera, some will allow you to study the full course and only charge for the optional-certificate, for others you will need to audit it and you may have limited access (usually just to assignments), and thirdly some courses charge a monthly subscription in this case a 7 day free trial is available.

Classical Studies 🏛️🏺

At the Origins of the Mediterranean Civilization: Archeology of the City from the Levant to the West 3rd-1st millennium BC - Sapienza University of Rome

Greek and Roman Mythology - University of Pennsylvania

Health and Wellbeing in the Ancient World - Open University

Roman Architecture - Yale

Roman Art and Archeology - University of Arizona

Rome: A Virtual Tour of the Ancient City - University of Reading

The Ancient Greeks - Wesleyan University

The Changing Landscape of Ancient Rome. Archeology and History of Palatine Hill - Sapienza University of Rome

Uncovering Roman Britain in Old Museum Collections - University of Reading

Egyptology 𓂀⚱️

Egypt before and after pharaohs - Sapienza University of Rome

Introduction to Ancient Egypt and Its Civilization - University of Pennsylvania

Wonders of Ancient Egypt - University of Pennsylvania

Medieval 🗡️🏰

Age of Cathedrals - Yale

Coexistence in Medieval Spain: Jews, Christians, and Muslims - University of Colorado

Deciphering Secrets: The Illuminated Manuscripts of Medieval Europe - University of Colorado

Enlightening the Dark Ages: Early Medieval Archaeology in Italy - University of Padova

Lancaster Castle and Northern English History: The View from the Stronghold - Lancaster University

Magic in the Middle Ages - University of Barcelona

Old Norse Mythology in the Sources - University of Colorado Bolder

Preserving Norwegian Stave Churches - Norwegian University of Science and Technology

The Book of Kells: Exploring an Irish Medieval Masterpiece - Trinity College Dublin

The Cosmopolitan Medival Arabic World - University of Leiden

Renaissance ⚜️🃏

Black Tudors: The Untold Story

European Empires: An Introduction, 1400–1522 - University of Newcastle

The Mediterranean, a Space of Exchange (from Renaissance to Enlightenment) - University of Barcelona

The Life and Afterlife of Mary Queen of Scots - University of Glasgow

The Tudors - University of Roehampton London

The Americas 🪶🦙🛖

History of Slavery in the British Caribbean - University of Glasgow

Indigeneity as a Global Concept - University of Newcastle

Indigenous Canada - University of Alberta

Indigenous Religions & Ecology - Yale

Asia 🏯🛕

Contemporary India - University of Melbourne

Introduction to Korean Philosophy - Sung Kyun Kwan University

Japanese Culture Through Rare Books - University of Keio

Sino-Japanese Interactions Through Rare Books - University of Keio

The History and Culture of Chinese Silk - University for the Creative Arts

Travelling Books: History in Europe and Japan - University of Keio

Other

A Global History of Sex and Gender: Bodies and Power in the Modern World - University of Glasgow

A History of Royal Fashion - University of Glasgow

Anarchy in the UK: A History of Punk from 1976-78 - University of Reading

Biodiversity, Guardianship, and the Natural History of New Zealand: A Museum Perspective - Te Papa

Empire: the Controversies of British Imperialism - University of Exeter

Great South Land: Introducing Australian History - University of Newcastle

Indigeneity as a Global Concept - University of Newcastle

New Zealand History, Culture and Conflict: A Museum Perspective - Te Papa

Organising an Empire: The Assyrian Way - LMU Munich

Plagues, Witches, and War: The Worlds of Historical Fiction - University of Virginia

Russian History: from Lenin to Putin - University of California Santa Cruz

Linguistics 🗣️

Introduction to Comparative Indo-European Linguistics - University of Leiden - Coursera version

Miracles of Human Language: An Introduction to Linguistics - University of Leiden

Archeology 💀

Archeoastronomy - University of Milan

Archaeology and the Battle of Dunbar 1650 - Durham University

Archaeology: from Dig to Lab and Beyond - University of Reading

Archeology: Recovering the Humankind's Past and Saving the Universal Heritage - Sapienza University of Rome

Change of Era: The Origins of Christian Culture through the Lens of Archaeology - University of Padova

Endangered Archaeology: Using Remote Sensing to Protect Cultural Heritage - Universities of Durham, Leicester & Oxford

Enlightening the Dark Ages: Early Medieval Archaeology in Italy - University of Padova

Exploring Stone Age Archaeology: The Mysteries of Star Carr - University of York

Forensic Archaeology and Anthropology - Durham University

Roman Art and Archeology - University of Arizona

The Changing Landscape of Ancient Rome. Archeology and History of Palatine Hill - Sapienza University of Rome

[scotianostra]

The Scottish engineer James Blyth died on May 15th 1906 in Glasgow.

Another innovative Scot, Blyth gave the world the First Electricity Generated Wind Turbine

Us Scots have always been innovators, wind turbines are popping up all over but when Kincardineshire man James Blyth invented a turbine to light his holiday home in Marykirk and offered to light the village street it was the work of the devil.

James Blythe was described as “a true man of science…one who by insight, patient toil, and mechanical ingenuity did much in his day to explain and illustrate many of the facts of physical science."

Born in April 1839 in Marykirk, Kincardineshire, Blyth was educated at the local Parish school and Montrose Academy before winning a scholarship to the General Assembly Normal School in Edinburgh. After obtaining a BA from the University of Edinburgh, he taught mathematics at Morrison’s academy in Crieff.

After obtaining his MA in 1871, Blyth was appointed Freeland Professor of Natural Philosophy at Anderson’s College in 1880 (now the University of Strathclyde), where he began a research program on the use of wind power for electricity generation and storage. This research culminated in the installation of a cloth-sailed, horizontal wind turbine (as opposed to the now more common vertical wind turbine) at his Marykirk holiday cottage in July 1887.

This was several months before the American Charles F. Brush installed what many mistakenly believe to be the first wind turbine, though Brush’s was considerably larger and included the useful safety feature of an automatic brake to prevent damage in high winds. Blyth’s design was 33 ft in diameter and stored the electricity generated in ‘accumulators’, otherwise known as batteries.

After a lack of success offering his surplus electricity to local villagers, who branded electricity 'the work of the devil’, Blyth was able to install a larger, much-improved version of his wind turbine at the Montrose Lunatic Asylum, Infirmary and Dispensary, where it ran successfully for 30 years.

In 1891 Blyth presented a paper to the Royal Society of Edinburgh espousing his belief in the benefits of renewable energy sources, particularly wind but also wave energy.

Blyth received an honorary doctorate from the University of Glasgow in 1900 and died on this day in 1906. After the turbine at Montrose Asylum was dismantled in 1914, there would not be another public utility wind turbine in Britain until 1951. However, his legacy today is an important one, as his old college, the University of Strathclyde, conducts world-leading research into wind turbine technology and Scotland seeks to become a world leader in wind energy generation.

So that’s another first for Scotland, the wind turbine.

[566-hope-street]

Austin Osman Spare and His Theory of Sigils

by Frater U:.D:.

The end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries was a time characterized by radical changes and great heretics. The secret lore and the occult in general were triumphant, and there were good reasons for this. The materialist positivism with its Manchester industrialism was beginning to show its malice, resulting in social and psychological uprooting. The destruction of nature had already begun to bear its first poisonous fruits. In brief, it was a time when it seemed appropriate to question the belief in technology and the omnipotence of the celebrated natural sciences. Particularly intellectuals, artists, and the so-called "Bohemians" became advocates of values critical of civilization in general as can be seen in the literature of Naturalism, in Expressionist Art and in the whole Decadent Movement, which was quite notorious at the time. 

Austin Osman Spare was a typical child of this era and, after Aleister Crowley, was definitely one of the most interesting occultists and practicing magicians of the English-speaking world. Despite his various publications after the turn of the century, he remained practically unnoticed until the late sixties. He was born in 1886, the son of a London police officer, and we know very little about his childhood. He claimed to have experienced while a child an initiation of sorts by an elderly witch, one Mrs. Paterson who, as far as we know, must have been quite a Wiccan-like character. Spare found his intellectual and creative vocation as an artist and illustrator, and he attended the Royal College of Art, where he soon was celebrated as a forthcoming young artist. But he rebelled against a bourgeois middle-class career in the arts. Disgusted by commercialism, he retreated from the artistic scene soon afterwards, though he still continued editing various magazines for quite a while. From 1927 until his death in 1956, he virtually lived as a weird hermit in a London slum, where he sometimes held exhibitions in a local pub. 

Spare in 1904

Around the beginning of the First World War, he released some privately published editions, and today one can acquire—at least in Great Britain—numerous, usually highly expensive, reprints of his works. However, we are primarily interested in his well-known Book of Pleasure (Self-Love): The Psychology of Ecstasy (London, 1913). Spare's actual philosophy will not be analyzed in depth here because this is not really necessary for the practice of sigil theory and it would lead away from the subject of this study. Before we begin with Spare's theory of sigils, it is perhaps useful to write a few words about the part sigils play in a magical working. Occidental magic is known to rest on two main pillars, which are will and imagination. Connected with these are analogous thinking and symbolic images. For example, Agrippa used a special sigil for each of the planetary intelligences. These are not, as has been assumed for quite some time, arbitrarily constructed, nor were they received by "revelation," but are based on Cabalistic consideration. The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn also employed sigils as "images of the souls" of magical entities, which enabled the magician to establish contact with them; nevertheless, the technique of their construction was not explained. The same may be said for the Ordo Templi Orientis (O.T.O.) under Crowley's leadership and for the Fraternitas Saturni under Gregorius. The name Agrippa already hints at the fact that magical sigils have a long historical tradition, which we will not discuss here because then we would have to cover the whole complex of occult iconology as well. 

In general, people think of "correct" and "incorrect" sigils. The grimoires of the late Middle Ages were often little else but magical recipe books, and practitioners believed in the following principle: to know the "true" name and the "true" sigil of a demon means to have power over it. Pragmatic magic, which developed in the Anglo-Saxon realms, completely tidied up this concept. Often Crowley's revolt in the Golden Dawn is seen as the actual beginning of modern magic. It would certainly not be wrong to say that Crowley was an important supporter of pragmatic thought in modern magic. But in the end, the Master Therion preferred to remain within the hierarchical dogmatic system due to his Aiwass revelation in Liber Al vel Legis. His key phrase "Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law. Love is the law, love under will," as well as his whole Thelemic concept, prove him a dogmatic magician. 

English magic of the turn of the century was also influenced by an important young science which would actually achieve its major triumphs only after the Second World War: the psychology of Sigmund Freud. Before that, Blavatsky's Isis Unveiled and The Secret Doctrine, as well as Frazer's The Golden Bough, had given important impulses to the occult in general. William James's comparative psychology of religion influenced deeply the intellectuality of this time, but Freud, Adler, and especially Carl G. Jung eventually effected major breakthroughs. From then on, people started to consider the unconscious in earnest. We will not analyze by whom Spare was influenced. Rather, we will discuss his greatest achievement: his psychological approach towards magic. This leads us to magical practice proper. 

In Spare's system there are no "correct" or "incorrect" sigils; neither is there a list of ready-made symbols. It is of no import whether a sigil is the "correct" one or not, but it is crucial that it has been created by the magician and is therefore meaningful to him/her. Because s/he has constructed it for personal use, the sigil easily becomes a catalyst of his/her magical desire. This pragmatic approach which dominates present-day Anglo-Saxon magic (Israel Regardie, Francis King, Stephen Skinner, W. B. Gray, David Conway, Lemuel Johnstone, to name but a few relevant authors) goes to show that Austin Osman Spare, rather than Aleister Crowley, should be considered the real Father of Modern Pragmatic Magic. In the German-speaking countries, the situation is quite different. Writers like Quintscher, Gregorius, Bardon, Klingsor and even Spiesberger allow but little room to maneuver when creating magical coordinates individually. Here the adept is expected to grow into a ready-made system instead of fashioning one. This is a completely different approach, the value or non-value of which we will not discuss here. The works by Mahamudra, which have of late been receiving some attention, are mainly of a descriptive nature and deal with traditions and new interpretations, thus remaining within the context of German magical heritage; however, they do take heed of recent results in scientific psychology and are, therefore, at least partially related to the pragmatic approach. Pragmatic magic will become more and more important because today's magicians have to face a psychologized and psychologizing environment whose philosophical relativism has been shaping all of us, and still does. Regardless of the significance or amount of truth one concedes to psychology, we all are infiltrated by its way of thinking and its vocabulary. So even we magicians will have to attain to a critical, sensible look at it. It will be left to another era to find different models of explanation, description and practice. 

How does Spare proceed in practice? Sigils are developed by fusion and stylization of letters. First of all, a sentence of desire has to be formulated. Let us take the example Spare himself gives in his Book of Pleasure, the declaration of intent: THIS MY WISH TO OBTAIN THE STRENGTH OF A TIGER. This sentence must be written down in capitals. Next, all the letters which appear more than once are deleted so that only one of each letter remains. Thus, the following letters remain: THISMYWOBANERGF. The sigil is created from these letters. It is permissible to consider one part (for example, M) as a reversed W or, seen from the side, as an E. Hence, these three letters do not have to appear in the sigil three separate times. Of course, there are numerous possibilities of representation and stylization. However, it is important that in the end the sigil is as simple as possible with the various letters recognizable (even with slight difficulty). The artistic quality of the sigil is irrelevant, but for simple psychological reasons it should be obvious that you should not just scribble or doodle in haste. You should strive to make it to the best of your abilities. The finished sigil, which in the beginning will probably take a few attempts to construe, will then be fixated. You may draw it on parchment, on paper, in the sand, or even on a wall. According to Spare's short instructions, it should be destroyed after its internalization. Thus, you will either burn the parchment, wipe it out in the sand, etc.

Example of a sigil

Spare's basic idea is that the sigil, together with its meaning, must be planted into the unconscious. Afterwards, the consciousness has to forget it so that the unconscious can obey its encoded direction without hindrance. When the sigil is ready, it is activated by implanting it into the psyche. This is the most difficult part in this process, and Spare offers only very few hints on practical procedures. However, it is crucial that the sigil is internalized in a trance of sorts. This may take place in a state of euphoria (for example, by means of drugs), in ecstasy (for example, by masturbation or sexual intercourse), or in a state of physical fatigue. For the latter example, eyes and arms may be tired by folding your arms behind the head while standing in front of a mirror and staring fixedly at your image. The important thing is that it should click, meaning that the sigil must be internalized spasmodically, which, of course, requires some exercise and control. This procedure may be supported by repeating the sentence of desire rhythmically and monotonously like a mantra, becoming faster and faster. In doing so, one must stare fixedly at the sigil. After spasmodical internalization, the symbol must be destroyed and deleted from the conscious mind. As mentioned before, from now on it will be the unconscious which has to do the work.

In my own practical work I have discovered that it may even be useful to keep the sigil on you, such as wearing a ring engraved with it, etc. But this will depend upon the magician's individual predilection, and everybody should find his/her own way. Occasionally, it may prove necessary to repeat the whole procedure, especially if the goal is a very problematical one, requiring an outstanding amount of energy. Nevertheless, experience shows that it is of prime importance not to bring back the meaning and aim of the sigil into consciousness at any time. We are, after all, dealing with a technique akin to autosuggestion; thus, the rules are the same as with autosuggestions themselves. Therefore, you may not use negative formulas such as "THIS MY WISH NOT TO ..." because very often the unconscious tends neither to recognize nor understand this "not," and you might end up getting the opposite result than that which you originally desired. If you see a sigil every day, perhaps on a wall or engraved on the outer side of a ring, this should only take place unconsciously, just as one might not consciously notice an object which is in use all the time. Of course, you should keep your operation secret, for discussing it with skeptics or even good friends may dissolve the sigil's power. The advantages of this method, of which only a short summary can be given here, are obvious. It is temptingly easy, and with only a little practice it may be performed at any time and at any place. It does not call for any costly paraphernalia. Protective circles and pentagram rituals are not required, though sometimes may prove useful, especially with operations of magical protection. People who tend to psychic instability should, however, be cautious. Although the threshold to schizophrenia is not as easily crossed with this method as with common evocations, it does involve cutting deeply into the ecology of the psyche, an act which should be considered carefully in any case. The psycho-magical consequences are sometimes quite incalculable. 

As is well known, the real problem with magic is not so much the question whether it works, but rather the fact that it does. Used with responsibility, this method offers the magician a tool which provides him/her with a limitless variety of possible magical applications.

Austin Osman Spare, Self-Portrait, 1935

[stick-by-me]

How do you organize/store your stickers? :o

My friend. You have opened a whole Can of Worms*. I shall gladly answer your question, sorry it took so long I had to figure out how to do it with a ten picture limit asdfghjkl

*Worms would be located under "Wild Animals -> Bugs" or alternatively "Individuals -> Mostly Wild Animals -> Non-Butterfly Bugs"

So first off.

The sticker bins themselves are mostly kept in my closet, though the ones I use the most (Individuals, Domestic Animals, and Food/Garden) are kept under my bed for easy access.

I have 14 bins of stickers total (though I'll be honest some of them are getting Very Full and I probably need to get some more). Each bin has its own category, though many have subcategories. And they're all approximately shoebox sized.

Early Year Holidays/Seasons (New Year's, Winter, Valentine's Day, St. Patrick's Day, Easter, Spring, Fourth of July, and Summer)

Late Year Holidays/Seasons (Halloween, Thanksgiving, and Fall)

Latest Year Holidays/Seasons (Christmas and Christian stickers)

Shapes/Patterns (Hearts, Stars, Smiley faces, Other Shapes™, Borders, and Words and Affirmations)

Wild Animals (Sea Creatures, Bugs, Woodland Creatures, Other Creatures™, Bears, and Dinosaurs. Admittedly the subcategories for this one are kinda wack)

Domestic Animals (Dogs, Cats, Bunnies, Rodents, and Farm Animals)

Miscellaneous (...I have a different diagram to explain the subcategories here)

Non-Disney Characters/Logos (Characters My Brothers Like, Scooby Doo, Superheroes, ""Girly"" Characters, Colleges, and Various Other Trademarked Stickers)

Disney Characters/Alphabet (Muppets, Mickey & Friends, Princesses, Fairies, and Alphabet. Weird combo I know but I have a surprising number of Disney alphabet stickers)

Food/Garden (Ice Cream, Candy, Cupcakes, Fruit, Fast Food, Other Food, Flowers, Other Plants, and Gardening)

Weird Shaped Packages (no real subcategories but this is where I keep Sticker Books and Sticker Flake Packages)

Individuals (I have another diagram for the subcategories here)

Mrs. Grossman's Sticker Club Part 1

Mrs. Grossman's Sticker Club Part 2

(Note that I hope to organize the Mrs. Grossman's Sticker Club stickers into their respective categories before I leave for college but that may or may not actually occur :P)

The Miscellaneous tote is an organized, if lawless, land. Here are the subcategories for it!

(I wanted to color code the text but Tumblr only has like 7 colors 😔)

Maroon: Stationary/School

Red: Music/Theatre

Pink: Travel/Countries

Magenta: Modes of Travel

Orange: SPACE!!

Yellow: Science/Technology

Gold: True Miscellaneous/Pretty Things

Bright Green: Fantasy

Forest Green: Sports

Teal: People/Occupations (ie clowns, cowboys, ninjas, etc.)

Cyan: "Girly" Things (ballerinas, teacups, purses, etc.)

Royal Blue: Parts of People (eyeballs, mostly)

Indigo: Games/ Toys

Purple: Baby/Birthday

Then there's the Individuals tote. "Individuals" basically refers to any sticker that is smaller than your average sheet that I'm worried would get lost in a big tote. This includes sticker mods, stickers off a roll, sticker flakes, anything cut out of a larger sheets, water bottle/laptop stickers, and just. Small sticker sheets.

I, apparently, have 20 main snack bags, each with several subcategories (though there's enough of them that I'll leave most of them to your imagination rather than list them all XD). Most of them mirror the categories of the big totes, but some are unique.

A: Shapes/Patterns

B: Nature (includes weather, plants, and beach stickers)

C: Miscellaneous 1 (art and travel focused)

D: Miscellaneous 2 ("true" miscellaneous)

E: Miscellaneous 3 (school and science focused)

F: Early Year Holidays/Seasons (Winter-Summer) + Birthday

G: Late Year Holidays/Seasons (Fall-Winter)

H: Food/Scratch and Sniff

I: Domestic Animals

J: Mostly Domesticated Animals

K: Mostly Wild Animals

L: Wild Animals

M: Zoo Animals**

N: Bears

O: Disney Characters

P: Non-Disney Characters

Q: Logos/Companies

R: Words and Affirmations

S: Water Bottle Stickers Overflow (they physically don't fit in the other bags)

T: Tile Stickers

**Zoo Animals is different than Wild Animals in that "Zoo Animals" means the sticker has one particular animal instead of an assortment of different animals (which falls under "Wild Animals".) Yes it's very arbitrary. All the animal distinctions are tbh.

Of course, putting the stickers under my bed and in my closet means I don't get to admire them very often. To counteract this I have a display board I put some new/seasonal/favorite stickers on.

Currently on display I have a Discowing sticker, a summer sticker mod, and a sticker sheet from my penpal when she visited (plus some bonus sticky notes from the penpal as well).

Since I'm sure you're wondering, the stuffed rabbits are named, from left to right, Blueberry (made by a friend!), Snorb (also made by a friend!), Mocha, Mellie, York, and Spotty.

Of course not every sticker I get is fortunate enough to have a backing. Sometimes I'll get stickers from the supermarket or I'll peel them off a package and I know they'd never survive in the bins, so they go in the Hello Kitty sticker book!

I've had this thing since I was like 4. I'm a little bit obsessed if I'm being honest. She's never let me down.

And that's the important stuff for stickers! Though I wanted to show off my other stationary, too.

I keep all my miscellaneous scrapbooking materials/stationary in a Batman lunch tin. All of my letters and envelopes are in an old shoebox. Both are stationed at the end of my comic book shelf! The tin and the assorted letter sets are hidden behind the two Batman stuffies :P

.....does that answer your question? :D

[spacenutspod]

5 Min Read Webb Finds Evidence for Neutron Star at Heart of Young Supernova Remnant The James Webb Space Telescope has observed the best evidence yet for emission from a neutron star. Credits: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, C. Fransson (Stockholm University), M. Matsuura (Cardiff University), M. J. Barlow (University College London), P. J. Kavanagh (Maynooth University), J. Larsson (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has found the best evidence yet for emission from a neutron star at the site of a recently observed supernova. The supernova, known as SN 1987A, was a core-collapse supernova, meaning the compacted remains at its core formed either a neutron star or a black hole. Evidence for such a compact object has long been sought, and while indirect evidence for the presence of a neutron star has previously been found, this is the first time that the effects of high-energy emission from the probable young neutron star have been detected. Supernovae – the explosive final death throes of some massive stars – blast out within hours, and the brightness of the explosion peaks within a few months. The remains of the exploding star will continue to evolve at a rapid rate over the following decades, offering a rare opportunity for astronomers to study a key astronomical process in real time. Supernova 1987A The supernova SN 1987A occurred 160,000 light-years from Earth in the Large Magellanic Cloud. It was first observed on Earth in February 1987, and its brightness peaked in May of that year. It was the first supernova that could be seen with the naked eye since Kepler’s Supernova was observed in 1604. About two hours prior to the first visible-light observation of SN 1987A, three observatories around the world detected a burst of neutrinos lasting only a few seconds. The two different types of observations were linked to the same supernova event, and provided important evidence to inform the theory of how core-collapse supernovae take place. This theory included the expectation that this type of supernova would form a neutron star or a black hole. Astronomers have searched for evidence for one or the other of these compact objects at the center of the expanding remnant material ever since. Indirect evidence for the presence of a neutron star at the center of the remnant has been found in the past few years, and observations of much older supernova remnants –such as the Crab Nebula – confirm that neutron stars are found in many supernova remnants. However, no direct evidence of a neutron star in the aftermath of SN 1987A (or any other such recent supernova explosion) had been observed, until now. Image: Supernova 1987A The James Webb Space Telescope has observed the best evidence yet for emission from a neutron star at the site of a well-known and recently-observed supernova known as SN 1987A. At left is a NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) image released in 2023. The image at top right shows light from singly ionized argon (Argon II) captured by the Medium Resolution Spectrograph (MRS) mode of MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument). The image at bottom right shows light from multiply ionized argon captured by the NIRSpec (Near-Infrared Spectrograph). Both instruments show a strong signal from the center of the supernova remnant. This indicated to the science team that there is a source of high-energy radiation there, most likely a neutron star. NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, C. Fransson (Stockholm University), M. Matsuura (Cardiff University), M. J. Barlow (University College London), P. J. Kavanagh (Maynooth University), J. Larsson (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) Claes Fransson of Stockholm University, and the lead author on this study, explained: “From theoretical models of SN 1987A, the 10-second burst of neutrinos observed just before the supernova implied that a neutron star or black hole was formed in the explosion. But we have not observed any compelling signature of such a newborn object from any supernova explosion. With this observatory, we have now found direct evidence for emission triggered by the newborn compact object, most likely a neutron star.” Webb’s Observations of SN 1987A Webb began science observations in July 2022, and the Webb observations behind this work were taken on July 16, making the SN 1987A remnant one of the first objects observed by Webb. The team used the Medium Resolution Spectrograph (MRS) mode of Webb’s MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument), which members of the same team helped to develop. The MRS is a type of instrument known as an Integral Field Unit (IFU). IFUs are able to image an object and take a spectrum of it at the same time. An IFU forms a spectrum at each pixel, allowing observers to see spectroscopic differences across the object. Analysis of the Doppler shift of each spectrum also permits the evaluation of the velocity at each position. Spectral analysis of the results showed a strong signal due to ionized argon from the center of the ejected material that surrounds the original site of SN 1987A. Subsequent observations using Webb’s NIRSpec (Near-Infrared Spectrograph) IFU at shorter wavelengths found even more heavily ionized chemical elements, particularly five times ionized argon (meaning argon atoms that have lost five of their 18 electrons). Such ions require highly energetic photons to form, and those photons have to come from somewhere. “To create these ions that we observed in the ejecta, it was clear that there had to be a source of high-energy radiation in the center of the SN 1987A remnant,” Fransson said. “In the paper we discuss different possibilities, finding that only a few scenarios are likely, and all of these involve a newly born neutron star.” More observations are planned this year, with Webb and ground-based telescopes. The research team hopes ongoing study will provide more clarity about exactly what is happening in the heart of the SN 1987A remnant. These observations will hopefully stimulate the development of more detailed models, ultimately enabling astronomers to better understand not just SN 1987A, but all core-collapse supernovae. These findings were published in the journal Science. The James Webb Space Telescope is the world’s premier space science observatory. Webb is solving mysteries in our solar system, looking beyond to distant worlds around other stars, and probing the mysterious structures and origins of our universe and our place in it. Webb is an international program led by NASA with its partners, ESA (European Space Agency) and the Canadian Space Agency. Downloads Right click the images in this article to open a larger version in a new tab/window. Download full resolution images for this article from the Space Telescope Science Institute. Media Contacts Rob Gutro – rob.gutro@nasa.govNASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. Christine Pulliam – cpulliam@stsci.eduSpace Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, Md. Related Information Star LifeCycle Star Types More Webb News – https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/latestnews/ More Webb Images – https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/multimedia/images/ Webb Mission Page – https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/ Related For Kids What is a supernova? What is the Webb Telescope? SpacePlace for Kids En Español Ciencia de la NASA NASA en español  Space Place para niños Keep Exploring Related Topics James Webb Space Telescope Webb is the premier observatory of the next decade, serving thousands of astronomers worldwide. It studies every phase in the… Stars Stars Stories Universe Discover the universe: Learn about the history of the cosmos, what it’s made of, and so much more. Share Details Last Updated Feb 22, 2024 Editor Marty McCoy Related Terms Astrophysics Goddard Space Flight Center James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Neutron Stars Science & Research Stars Supernovae The Universe

[theyourstruly]

Prince Alexander George Philip of Wales. Born in 1984 (Diana and Charles Married in 1983 instead of 1981) 2nd in line to the british throne. After his father HRH The Prince of Wales b. 1948 and grandmother Her Majesty The Queen b. 1926.

He is the eldest son of Prince Charles and Diana, Princess Of Wales (Passed away in 2000)

He has two siblings Prince William b. 1985 and Prince Henry b. 1987. (Harry)

Alexander was born during the reign of his paternal grandmother, Queen Elizabeth II. He was educated at Wetherby School, Ludgrove School and Eton College. He earned a Master of Science degree in Engineering at the University of Cambridge in 2007.

After university, Alexander trained at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst prior to serving with the Blues and Royals. In 2009 Alexander graduated from the Royal Air Force College Cranwell, joining the RAF Search and Rescue Force in early 2010.

Alexander performs official duties and engagements on behalf of the monarch since 2007 even though he’s not a full-time working royal yet.

He holds patronage with over 10 charitable and military organisations, including

- Tusk Trust: An African conservation charity, based in UK.

- NHS Charities Together: NHS Charities Together is the membership organisation for more than 240 of the NHS charities across the U.K. It provides a forum for nationwide campaigns; specialist advice and guidance; bespoke events and training opportunities.

- London International Youth Science Forum: To empower young people from all backgrounds to pursue their potential in science and engineering.

- Practical Action: Helps rural people in developing countries to help themselves through skills and technology.

- RedR UK: Charity providing trained engineers to relief agencies after humanitarian disasters.

- Institute of Advanced Motorists: An independent organisation working for responsible motoring and road safety research.

- Aerospace Bristol: Aerospace Bristol will be a new, £18.6m, nine-acre museum at Bristol Filton Airfield which will trace the pioneering stories of innovation over the last century to include the future of air and space travel.

- Ambition: Voluntary organistaion providing sporting, creative and training opportunities for young people.

- Care for Veterans: Provides residential nursing care, rehabilitation, respite and end of life care to physically disabled ex-Service personnel and their families.

- Welsh Rugby Union: Sporting association for rugby in Wales.

At the age of 21, Alexander was appointed a Counsellor of State; he first served in that capacity when the Queen attended the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in the same year. In July 2007, he embarked on his first solo public engagements on an overseas tour of New Zealand, travelling to participate in World War II commemorations. According to author Tina Brown, he had, like his father, expressed a desire to become Governor-General of Australia. In 2011, the Queen set up a private office for Alexander, William and Harry with David Manning as their adviser. Manning accompanied Alexander on his first official tour in January 2011 as he toured Auckland and Wellington; Alexander opened the new building of the Supreme Court of New Zealand and was welcomed by a Māori chief. The visit spurred crowds of "many thousands", with positive public reception compared to that of his mother's 1985 tour.

Upon graduation from university, Alexander interned in land management at Chatsworth House and in banking at HSBC. To prepare for his eventual management of the Duchy of Cornwall.

He’s been very private about his relationships and has been linked to multiple woman countless of times even if there’s been zero evidence. He’s a very private person and has a tight knit group of friends. If he hears that you may have been talking, he will cut you off. He definitely doesn’t like the fact that his business is out there for everyone to see.

[thesoulprophecies]

On November the 4th 1966, the river Arno flooded into Florence burying hundreds of thousands of books, manuscripts and artwork beneath mud, debris and putrid water. Due to this massive cultural and historical devastation, countries responded quickly with financial aid and restoration research. It became imperative to combine modern science with historical book making techniques in order to save and restore the damaged antiquarian books and manuscripts. Experimental research was used from The Institute of Book Pathology in Rome, and The Imperial College of Science and Technology in association with The Royal College of Art in London.

Damaged books were given emergency washing and drying treatments and then sterilised against bacteria and mould. The edges of a lot of books were badly stuck with mud, gelatine and sawdust. The covers/boards, spines, headbands and everything surrounding the text block were removed and catalogued in envelopes. Once the spine was clear the sewing was cut from the spines and the sections separated carefully. Mud was scraped from the leaves of the book, and especially bad books were soaked in an alcohol and water mixture and then interwoven with wet strength paper and washed again. Coloured plates and prints were sprayed with a solution of soluble nylon in alcohol to preserve them. Any oil that may have damaged the books was removed with a solution of xylene and trichloroethylene. Fuller’s Earth was applied delicately and brushed off to remove excess chemical solution and oil.

Thermostatically controlled, stainless steel, sinks were used to wash the books leaf by leaf in a fungicide solution. Some particularly fragile leaves were resized. pH tests were conducted and if a book had too much acidity, it was deacidified. Bleach staining is not considered good practice, and was limited to the leaves that were so stained that the text was illegible. The individual leaves were dried at controlled temperatures in specially made drying cabinets. Once dry, the leaves were checked and put in order. (Plates and prints were handled separately to the main text blocks as extra care had to be taken due to the colours.)

Before sewing and binding could take place, repairs were made to the leaves caused by the flood and early binding techniques. Lens tissue was used for small tears, and Japanese tissue paper was used for serious tears and missing sections of leaves.

Books were sewn back together with thread and techniques dependent on their size and publication date. Appropriate bindings were also chosen depending on the use of the book and its time period. The majority of the damaged Antonio Magliabechi manuscripts and volumes from the National Library of Florence were bound in limp vellum. Other rare books required new leather bindings.

The restoration of books, manuscripts, art and historical artefacts from the 1966 flood is still an ongoing process today. Many people had to be trained specially to restore books on site in Florence, as shipping damaged books to experts across the world was deemed to be impractical and quality could not be controlled. There was also the risk that the books would be lost or damaged further in transit.

Floods and natural disasters cause widespread damage but are fortunately not that common. Some books are damaged over time due to use and age. Working in a second-hand bookshop, I see a lot of old books that are damaged; missing spines and boards, detached boards, bumped corners, missing labels and stained. Modern books are notoriously poor quality and tend to fall apart easily in comparison to their sewn, medieval ancestors. There is a genuine calling for restoration and book binding experts. Some old books are scarce, and some books have signatures or notes in their margins from historically important people which make them unique and irreplaceable. For the individual, books passed down through the generations hold significant sentimental value and may need repairs or complete new bindings. If history teaches us anything, it is that we need to continue to find methods and solutions to protect and save items of historical importance.

References:

The Restoration of Books: Florence – 1968. – YouTube

The Disaster that Deluged Florence’s Cultural Treasures – HISTORY

The great flood of Florence, 50 years on | Art and design | The Guardian

https://blog.outletpublishinggroup.com/2023/02/23/blog-156-the-importance-of-book-restoration/ 

[drpaisleyduncan-archive]

✦ DANIELLE CAMPBELL, CISFEMALE, SHE/HER ✦ PAISLEY DUNCAN the TWENTY SEVEN year old has been in Hidehill for ONE MONTH and was a STRANGER to Carter Thompson, one of the shadows. Whispers on the streets are that the ER HEAD DOCTOR AT HIDE GENERAL who lives in HARLOW ESTATES are said to be PASSIONATE and STUBBORN but I guess we’ll find out for ourselves.

FULL NAME: dr. paisley duncan, m.d. NICKNAMES: pais, duncan, dunk AGE: 27 / august 2nd, 1996 GENDER & PRONOUNS: cisfemale, she/her FACECLAIM: danielle campbell HEIGHT: 5’3” SEXUALITY: bisexual OCCUPATION: ER head doctor

tw: abandonment

paisley duncan was born august 2nd, 1996 in a very privileged family, her parents, edward and piper duncan, are owners of a widely-known vineyard supplying not just many known businesses not just in the country but around the world, but also the royal family. the duncans have always been raised to be prim and proper, but it was paisley, the oldest of the bunch, who is considered to be the black sheep of them all. but it wasn’t always like that, until her sibling was born and all the attention was on them instead. it was like she was expected to be abiding to the family’s rules yet at the same time, they do not care that much as they used to be with her anymore. that’s why she went against the family’s wishes, not caring if they wanted her to inherit the vineyard someday, instead, she took up a path of her own, packed her things and moved to a safe distance away from them, but not too far. she hasn’t told much people, even her family, but paisley always wanted to be a doctor, have a way to help people as she always dreamt of to begin with.

to start, she took up bachelor of science in human health and technology in the imperial college of london, of course, even if her parents did not agree with most of her decisions, they still decided to fund for her studies, but not because they support her, it was because they had a reputation to uphold, and at the same time, they wanted to prove paisley wrong for being able to survive on her own, achieve her goals, yet of course, as she was progressing, graduating from her pre-medical course and continuing to medical school, that’s when they realized, maybe paisley does not belong to where they’ve always wanted her to be all this time. yet it was too late, the aspiring doctor had been so distant that it was almost dead silent from her end, regardless of the fact that they were still sending her money for her studies.

after she graduated from medical school, the woman then took up the medical residency program, and that’s where she meets and got close with one of the other aspiring doctors taking up the program as well, of course, usually it was kind of a tight ship there, but with the two hitting it off instantly made things bearable for paisley. she didn’t like having a shoulder to lean on, but they made it so easy, cracked the hard exterior she’s always had growing up and before she knew it, the man had a hold of her heart. if she were to think about it, they are her first and greatest love, though she would never admit that out loud, spending times in on-call rooms, either giving each other a pop quiz, arguing about anything and everything, or just talking about their days, one finding the other taking a nap in the supply closet, to them hanging out outside of the hospital, those turning into dinner, into them basically realizing that they’re in love with each other. of course, they tried to make it work, but with the lines of their personal and professional relationship blurred out over the years from them being just residents to her going up the ranks and eventually paisley being the head doctor of the ER, paisley thought their relationship isn’t going to work anymore, hence to her ending up things with him after one of their shifts, even herself not knowing the reason why she had done such thing.

that was when at the same time she has met jonathan brown, or JJ, as she would prefer calling him, who was at first, she has always said would be impossible for her to fall for, given the reason that she wanted to fully focus on her growing career, but then the feeling he brings her is a force that she couldn’t stop, and eventually, along the way, she didn’t just care for the man who has gone through such a tough time because of his father, she has also unwittingly gave her heart to the man and the rest was history, her life was great, she was prospering with her career and her love life, until the latter suddenly crumbled and he disappeared from her life, which whenever she thought about it, it was karma from what she had done sometime before. for the past two years she’s always thought about it, until one day she finds herself handing her resignation and packing her things, to go to that place JJ has always mentioned to her about, and searched for him.

but now that paisley has found him, she doesn’t really know how to feel, never has she ever approached him, and would always turn away whenever he gets close. so…the woman is stuck in a town she does not know much of for the man who doesn’t know they’re in such a smaller world now.

[nithishag]

Imperial College London

The Imperial College London is among the most reputed colleges globally, focusing exclusively on Engineering, Science, Medical, and Business. Established in 1907, Imperial College is a single-stop solution for students from more than 140 countries worldwide. Imperial offers a technology-oriented education, and the college is famous for covering all the salient courses of modern-day instruction. It is surrounded by London’s great historical organizations, including the Science, Natural History and the Victoria Albert museums. The college is home to 15,000 students and 8000 staff members, focusing on four key areas — Science, Engineering, Medicine and Business. The college motto is “Scientia imperii decus et tutamen”, which translates to “Scientific knowledge, the crowning glory and the safeguard of the empire”.

Imperial College also has many awards under its belt for teaching, learning, and their students’ outcomes, along with the highest success rate in placements. Students from this college are found to have outstanding jobs with the highest annual salaries in the market. The main campus for teaching and research at Imperial is located in South Kensington, London. The most notable landmark at the college is the Queen’s Tower, built to mark Queen Victoria’s golden jubilee in 1887. This vibrant campus is surrounded by some of London’s famous attractions, including the Kensington Palace and the Royal College of Music.

The college also boasts celebrated alumni with numerous awards, including the Nobel Prize, Turing Awards, fellowships from the Royal Society, and the Royal Academy of Engineering. Thus, along with some brilliant courses offered, Imperial College is a brand known for “Growing with its students”!

[lboogie1906]

Sean Paul Ryan Francis Henriques OD (January 9, 1973) is a rapper and singer who is regarded as one of dancehall and reggae’s most prolific artists.

He released his first album, Stage One in 2000, it was in 2002 that he gained international fame after releasing the album Dutty Rock.

His singles “Get Busy” and “Temperature” topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart in the US and most of his albums have been nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album, with Dutty Rock winning the award. He has been featured in many other singles including chart-toppers “Baby Boy”, “Breathe”, “What About Us”, “Rockabye”, “Cheap Thrills” and “Fuego”. “No Lie”, “Cheap Thrills”, and “Rockabye” each have over 1 billion views on YouTube.

He was born in Kingston, Jamaica. His mother Frances, is a painter.

He was raised as a Catholic, he attended the Jewish private school, Hillel Academy in Jamaica.

He played for the national water polo team from the age of (13-21) when he gave up the sport to launch his musical career. He attended the College of Arts, Science, and Technology, where he was trained in commerce to pursue an occupation in swimming. In 1992, he worked as a bank teller and enrolled in a hotel management program, learning the basics of French cuisine.

In 2011, he established his record label, Dutty Rock Productions, along with his production team. In 2017, he signed Jamaican artist Chi Ching Ching to the label, making it the label’s first signing. In 2022, in promotion of his eighth studio album Scorcha, he released his brand of Jamaican patties called the “Scorcha Patty” along with its hot sauce in partnership with a UK-based Jamaican restaurant called Port Royal.

In 2016, he donated $1 million to Bustamante Hospital for Children. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he founded the “Sean Paul Foundation”, aiding less fortunate communities in Jamaica with donations of groceries to poor families and distribution of tablet computers to primary schools for students.

He was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University of Technology.

He married his long-term girlfriend, Jamaican television host Jodi Stewart (2012). They have two children. #africanhistory365 #africanexcellence

[ghumindiaghum]

Study in Singapore Made Easy: Ghum India Ghum Teams Up with Kaplan

Ghum India Ghum, a trusted name in the travel industry for over a decade, is now embarking on an exciting journey into education. The company is collaborating with Singapore's prestigious Kaplan University to bring world-class education closer to Indian, Vietnamese, and Sri Lankan students. This partnership aims to empower students with global opportunities. By merging travel expertise with education, Ghum India Ghum is creating a unique platform for aspiring learners to study in Singapore and achieve their academic dreams.

Why Choose Kaplan University?

Kaplan University is a global leader in education. It offers a wide range of courses tailored to today’s industry needs. Students can benefit from:

Internationally Recognized Degrees: Kaplan provides globally accepted certifications.

Flexible Learning Options: Online and in-person classes make learning accessible.

Industry-Relevant Curriculum: Courses are designed to meet real-world demands.

Whether you want to pursue a degree or upgrade your skills, Kaplan University has something for everyone. It is an ideal choice for students looking to study abroad in Singapore.

Courses Offered at Kaplan University

Students from India, Vietnam, and Sri Lanka can now access Kaplan’s extensive academic programs. These courses cater to different career stages:

Academic Levels

Preparatory Courses: For students aiming to build foundational knowledge and skills.

Foundation Diplomas: Introductory courses leading to advanced studies.

Diplomas: Specialized qualifications for skill-building and entry into industries.

Bachelor’s Degrees: Undergraduate programs for diverse disciplines.

Postgraduate Degrees: Advanced education for career progression.

Financial Certifications: Industry-recognized credentials in finance.

Disciplines Covered

Accounting, Banking & Finance: Essential for careers in financial management and banking.

Business, Management & Marketing: Focused on leadership, strategy, and market insights.

Communication & Media: Ideal for roles in public relations, journalism, and advertising.

Data Science & Analytics: Equips students with skills in data-driven decision-making.

Education & Social Sciences: For aspiring educators and social service professionals.

Healthcare & Nursing: Prepares students for careers in healthcare management and clinical roles.

Hospitality & Tourism: Targeted at those aiming for leadership in travel and hospitality industries.

Information Technology: Focus on programming, cybersecurity, and IT infrastructure.

Law & Criminology: Foundation for legal careers and understanding criminal justice.

Sports Science: Designed for careers in sports management and fitness.

University Partners

Kaplan University collaborates with renowned universities, ensuring high-quality education:

Aston University

Birmingham City University

Monash University

Murdoch University

Northumbria University

Royal Holloway, University of London

University College Dublin

University of Portsmouth

Professional Partners

Kaplan University also works with esteemed professional organizations to offer certifications:

Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE)

Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA)

Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA)

Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA)

Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants (ISCA)

This variety ensures that students can find a program suited to their career goals. For those considering study abroad options, Kaplan University in Singapore offers unparalleled academic and career opportunities.

How Students Can Benefit

Students from India, Vietnam, and Sri Lanka stand to gain significantly from this collaboration:

Global Exposure: Learn from experienced educators and interact with an international student community.

Career Advancement: Kaplan’s courses enhance job prospects and earning potential.

Affordable Education: The partnership aims to offer competitive tuition fees.

Comprehensive Support: Ghum India Ghum provides guidance through the application process.

The Role of Ghum India Ghum

As part of this collaboration, Ghum India Ghum will:

Facilitate admissions to Kaplan University.

Offer expert counseling to students and parents.

Provide travel assistance for students heading to Singapore.

Create customized packages combining education and travel.

This blend of services makes the transition seamless and stress-free. For students aspiring to study abroad in Singapore, Ghum India Ghum ensures a smooth journey.

How to Apply

Interested students can reach out to Ghum India Ghum for detailed guidance. The process includes:

Exploring available courses.

Submitting applications with necessary documents.

Receiving end-to-end support for visa and travel arrangements.

Final Thoughts

Ghum India Ghum’s collaboration with Kaplan University Singapore is a game-changer. It combines the best of travel and education, opening doors for students from India, Vietnam, and Sri Lanka to succeed globally. This initiative aligns with the company’s vision to empower individuals through unique opportunities.

So, take the first step towards a brighter future. Connect with Ghum India Ghum today and explore Kaplan University’s exceptional programs. Whether you’re considering study abroad options or looking to study in Singapore, this partnership offers the perfect platform to achieve your educational goals.

[the-proeducator-blog]

UK University Rankings by Subject: Find the Best for Your Field of Study

Choosing the right university is a crucial decision, but selecting one that excels in your desired field of study is equally important. The UK is home to world-class institutions offering specialized courses in diverse disciplines such as business, engineering, medicine, and the arts. Exploring the University ranking in UK is an excellent way to identify institutions that cater to your academic and professional aspirations.

Whether you’re an aspiring doctor, engineer, or artist, understanding subject-specific rankings can help you make an informed choice and pave the way for a rewarding career. Let’s dive into how UK universities perform in subject-specific rankings and explore the best options for your chosen field.

Why Subject-Specific Rankings Matter

While overall university rankings provide a broad perspective on an institution’s reputation, subject-specific rankings focus on excellence in particular fields. These rankings consider factors such as research output, faculty expertise, employability, and course satisfaction.

For example, a university may rank lower overall but could be a top performer in fields like law, business, or the arts. By analyzing these rankings, students can align their educational goals with the institution’s strengths, ensuring they receive top-tier education in their chosen discipline.

Top UK Universities by Subject

1. Business and Management

London Business School (LBS): Renowned globally for its MBA programs and executive education.

University of Oxford (Saïd Business School): A leader in innovative business research and practice.

University of Cambridge (Judge Business School): Known for its rigorous academic curriculum and strong industry connections.

2. Engineering and Technology

Imperial College London: One of the best for engineering disciplines, particularly mechanical and electrical engineering.

University of Manchester: Known for groundbreaking research in materials science and engineering.

University of Edinburgh: Offers cutting-edge programs in software engineering and renewable energy.

3. Medicine and Life Sciences

University of Oxford: Ranked as the top medical school globally, with a focus on clinical and theoretical research.

University of Cambridge: Offers a unique blend of pre-clinical and clinical training.

University College London (UCL): Known for its strong emphasis on healthcare innovation and research.

4. Arts and Humanities

Royal College of Art: A global leader in art and design education.

University of the Arts London (UAL): Offers specialized courses in fashion, design, and fine arts.

University of St Andrews: Known for its robust philosophy and literature programs.

5. Law

University of Oxford: A top choice for aspiring legal professionals with its unparalleled law programs.

London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE): Focuses on the intersection of law and social sciences.

University College London (UCL): Offers a comprehensive curriculum emphasizing global legal systems.

6. Computer Science and IT

University of Cambridge: Leading in AI research and innovative computer science programs.

University of Oxford: Known for its expertise in computational biology and quantum computing.

Imperial College London: Excels in data science, cybersecurity, and programming.

How to Choose the Best University for Your Field

When selecting a university, it’s essential to go beyond rankings and consider the following factors:

Course Content: Ensure the curriculum aligns with your career goals.

Industry Connections: Look for institutions with strong ties to industries for internships and job placements.

Facilities: Check if the university has modern labs, libraries, and other resources for your field.

Alumni Network: A strong alumni base can provide valuable mentorship and career opportunities.

What Makes UK Universities Stand Out?

The UK’s education system is designed to offer students a balance of theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Universities consistently update their curriculum to meet industry standards, ensuring graduates are job-ready. Additionally, many UK universities collaborate with global organizations, offering students the opportunity to work on real-world projects during their studies.

By exploring the University ranking in UK, you can get a comprehensive understanding of which universities excel in your desired subject.

Final Thoughts

Choosing the best university for your field of study requires careful research and planning. Subject-specific rankings provide a clear picture of where each institution excels, helping you make an informed decision. The UK offers a wealth of opportunities for students in all disciplines, ensuring you receive a world-class education that prepares you for a successful future.

Start your journey by exploring the University ranking in UK and find the perfect institution for your academic and career aspirations!