#Roman republic

[illustratus]

Caesar before Alexandria by Giovanni Antonio Pellegrini 

[porciaenjoyer]

tumblr in the roman republic

🤔 politicalcitizen Follow

WHEN is cicero going to release the next philippic… i literally feel like i’m in the siege tower 😩

🗡️ antonysstola Follow

I didn't know people were still supporting C*cero. This is gross.

👨‍❤️‍💋‍👨 curiontonyreal Follow

op, maybe you were joking, but this really isn't okay. c*cero has been ATTACKING antony ruthlessly. please do not support him and his harmful content....

#after the way he insulted antony and curio? not a good look. #cw cicero

LIII notes

🏛️ mournfulcaesarian Follow

i mkss himm... i mjss him@so mucj

☄️ hopefulbeliever Follow

DIVVS IVLIVS watches over us even now.

CC notes

🛡️ liberator-4-ever Follow

are they seriously giving that freak imperium :/

🛡️ liberator-4-ever Follow

eheu! turning off reblogs since you can’t behave yourselves.

V̅I̅I̅ notes

🏺catharsis-lover Follow

oh to see antigone at the city dionysia…

#i was born in the wrong generation #all we have now is political discourse 😣

II notes

⚔️ liberatorstournament Follow

🏛️ mournfulcaesarian Follow

disgusting.

🩸aristogeitoncore Follow

Yet another uneducated pleb with no real-world experience here to tell us why “Caesar was good, actually”. Come back when you’ve donned the toga virilis.

#Btw CASSIUS SWEEP!!!!

CMXXXI notes

🍇 sillydebauchee Follow

Dinner party at my place tonight!

👩🏻 palatinegirl Follow

#Full disclosure we will be hurling my political opponents off the Tarpeian Rock.

hey op what the fuck does this mean?

CLVIII notes

[seianusfanboy]

get ready caesar

[enlitment]

Brutus seeing the graffiti of him stabbing Caesar all over Rome, c. 44 BC

[metis-the-lizard-king]

i collaged this two together btw thought some you might like, happy march 15 tumblr!

[victusinveritas]

Roman ring with engraved Carnelian gem depicting a youth and his dog, dated to the 3rd-2nd century BC

[thenotoriousscuttlecliff]

The Senate: Caesar is dead! Rome is free from tyranny!

Octavian:

[memories-of-ancients]

The Sad Fate of Roman War Veterans and How the Punic Wars Destroyed the Roman Middle Class

There's no question that Rome's victory over Carthage during the Punic Wars drastically changed the Roman Republic. Perhaps the most apparent change was Rome's ascendancy from a smaller power in Italy to the dominant power in the Mediterranean. In other words, a big fish in a small pond, to a big fish in a literal big pond. In the span of 120 years Roman territory expanded by vast amounts followed by further Roman expansionism resulting in Roman territory stretching from Spain and North Africa in the west to Greece and Anatolia in the east.

While the Punic Wars would transform Rome into an (e)mpire militarily, it also transformed Roman socio-economic structures. The early Roman Republic had no standing professional armies. Instead to wage war Rome used a militia system with citizen soldiers who were called up as needed. Since the state had no role in equipping soldiers, it was up to soldiers to equip themselves. Roman lower classes were exempt from military service since they could not afford weapons, armor, or supplies while the Roman upper class served as officers or elite cavalrymen. Thus, the responsibility for providing the rank and file infantry of the army fell to the Roman middle class. The Roman middle class consisted of some skilled artisans and small business owners, but by far most of the Roman middle class were farmers who owned small plots of land.

Up until the Punic Wars, this system worked fine as war was a small, short, local event that occurred within the confines of central and southern Italy. A Roman soldier didn't have far to travel from home as the enemy was within easy marching distance away. War was also a seasonal affair where the fighting occurred on the off season, then a truce was called so that soldiers could tend their farms during the growing season, with the war resuming once the crops were harvested. Now Roman soldiers were expected to be shipped to far off places such as Africa, Spain, Greece, Macedonia, and Anatolia. Whereas before wars were short seasonal affairs, now wars seemed to last forever with no recesses so that soldiers can tend their farms. Both the first and second Punic Wars nearly lasted two decades each. And war was everywhere as the Punic Wars involved multiple fronts all over the Mediterranean. No longer were Roman wars short, small, localized affairs. In the meantime while soldiers were away fighting, their fields were fallow and their businesses had fallen into disrepair. The Republic tried to mitigate the financial strains of the Punic Wars on its soldiers by paying a stipend. However it was not enough to prevent financial disaster. When the war ended and Rome's veterans returned home in triumph, they were broke and impoverished.

In order to make ends meet or pay off debt, most had to sell off their land to wealthy landholders, who consolidated that land into large estates and plantations. Many who sold their land became tenant farmers on the land that they had previously owned. Others moved to the city and tried to eek out a living as a laborer, however the price of labor was plummeting as Rome had taken tens of thousands of slaves during the Punic Wars and were taking tens of thousands more in various wars across the Mediterranean. War veterans found that there was no place for them in Roman society. Their farms and businesses were gone, and there was no need for their labor due to the sudden influx of slaves. Wealthy Roman elites had taken control of most of the Republic's land and wealth while a large percentage of the middle class were booted into poverty.

The result of everything I have previously described was a massive and ever growing rift between the rich and the poor as wealth became more and more concentrated at the top. This event became a hot button issue in Roman politics with Roman government being dominated between two unofficial political parties; the optimates, or those who supported the interests of the Roman elite, and the populares, or those who supported the interests of the common Roman. The clash between the optimates and populares led to increasing political instability resulting in the rise of demagogues and dictators. Civil war became common, and eventually the Roman Republic fell, giving rise to the Roman Empire.

[theantonian]

Roman marble statue of Dionysus (Bacchus), God of wine, patron of wine making.

Roman copy of a Greek original of late 4th century BC.

from The Collection of The Hermitage, St Petersburg

[existentialeggdogg]

[greekmythcomix]

Roman Chickens 1:

Marc Egg-tony and Cleo-bawk-tra enemy of Rome

Bawk-tavian/ Egg-ustus, first Emperor

( @wolfythewitch called me ‘the chicken artist’ and @readingandsiamese requested this bunch/flock and @nambnb said yes please so that’s what we’re doing now because I can’t resist)

[illustratus]

The Assassination of Julius Caesar by William Holmes Sullivan

[mapsontheweb]

Roman Republic in 44 BC

[seianusfanboy]

new cicero angle just dropped

[enlitment]

The first rule of studying history is to always try to look for primary sources to check your information, and remember that even those have to be examined critically

The second rule of studying history is that a person can be both one of the worst people to ever walk the earth and a babygirl

Hope this helps!

[dykepulpfriction]

catullus my babygirl........