'Devonian Crustacea' Scylonurus and Pterygotus from The past and present life of the globe. Being a sketch in outline of the world's life-system by David Page, 1861
(Sorry the lighting is a bit poorer today, it’s the best I could get. EDIT: replaced w/ a shot w/ better lighting. Suggested listening whilst reading is ‘Meet Brontoscorpio’ from the Walking with Monsters ost)
It is the Silurian period, and a giant 2.5m long sea scorpion, Pterygotus, chases a group of primitive fish called Dermataspis. This is reminiscent of the the Cambrian, some 100 million years ago, but times have changed. Glaciation at the South Pole at the end of the Ordovician caused sea levels to fall and ocean temperatures to drop, threatening the tropical reefs that life had thrived in up until that point. This lead to a mass extinction event, the first of the Phanerozoic eon, bringing to an end many of the diverse and and varied lineages of that emerged during the Cambrian.
Of those that survived, the eurypterids, or sea scorpions, were one of the only arthropod groups to find a position of power in a post extinction world, evolving into some of the largest organisms in the Silurian seas. The trilobites also remain numerous, but long gone are radiodonts like Lyrarapax. Surprisingly, the most significant animals in this new world are relatives of the tiny Haikouichthys: the fishes. With muscular tails to power themselves through the water, a complex heart that gives them extra stamina, and skeletons of cartilage and bone protecting their vital organs, fish occupy a variety of roles from armoured bottom feeders like Tremataspis to open water oceanic predators. The fish are becoming so numerous that the Silurian is often referred to as the age of fishes.
The Arthropods, however, have began pushing a new frontier that the fish cannot reach: plant colonisation means that the air is now breathable, and although most land is still barren desert, small millipede like creatures have taken the first steps out of the water.
'Silurian Crustacea-Eurypterites' Pterygotus and Ceratiocaris' from the Upper Silurian or Passage Beds of Lanarkshire' from The past and present life of the globe. Being a sketch in outline of the world's life-system by David Page, 1861