#Philippe Paul de Ségur

[joachimnapoleon]

I wish I had something more substantial to contribute to Fouché Friday, but here’s a great description from Ségur’s memoirs.

Everybody knows this personage; his medium stature, his tow-coloured hair, lank and scanty, his active leanness, his long, mobile, pale face with the physiognomy of an excited ferret; one remembers his piercing keen glance, shifty nevertheless, his little, blood-shot eyes, his brief and jerky manner of speech which was in harmony with his restless, uneasy attitude.

Source: An aide-de-camp of Napoleon. Memoirs of General Count de Ségur, of the French academy, 1800-1812.

[handfuloftime]

I once read that Napoleon did not allow anyone to know him intimately. Even for those who were around him all the time.

Do you think this applied to Duroc? Why or why not?

That's an interesting question--I suppose it depends on how you want to define 'intimately'!

Certainly the nature of Duroc's job meant that he spent a great deal of time with Napoleon, and was heavily involved in managing his day-to-day life. I've always thought that Philip Mansel's description (in The Court of France 1789-1830 (1988)) is a good succinct summary: in his view, Duroc "organized Napoleon's life, and was one of the most important people in it". Of course there were a huge number of people involved in keeping the imperial household--and the Empire itself--running, many of whom, as you say, were around him all the time. However, Duroc's involvement in Napoleon's life went well beyond his official roles, most notable with his oft-remarked ability to influence Napoleon's opinions and decisions (Louis-François-Joseph de Bausset, who as one of the Prefects of the Palace worked closely with both Duroc and Napoleon, described Duroc as Napoleon's conscience). And he was tasked with activities that were definitely not part of his job description and touched on a more private side of Napoleon's life: carrying notes to Marie Walewska, for example, or retrieving letters Napoleon wrote to another mistress. Bausset claimed that "Napoleon had no secrets from [Duroc], while he had them from everyone else, even the prince of Neufchâtel [Berthier]".

Philippe-Paul de Ségur, who worked for Duroc in the Maison impériale, described him in his memoirs (Histoire et mémoires, 1873) as:

"Napoleon's most intimate confidant, his most devoted servant, his firmest friend; they were so closely associated by nature, by habit, by everything, that we no longer imagined that they could live apart: it appeared to us that fate couldn't tear one away without mutilating the other!"

And while Ségur's description of how inseparable they were is particularly vivid--and serving a literary purpose, as it leads right into his account of Duroc's death--he's far from the only person to remark on their closeness. So by dint of both the nature of the Grand Marshal's job and the trust that Napoleon had in him specifically, he did have an unusually intimate position in Napoleon's life.

This also gets into the question of where Napoleon Bonaparte, the person, stops, and The Emperor Napoleon begins. Emmanuel de Las Cases claimed that "it was to the private man above all that [Duroc] was devoted, far more than the monarch". (And speaking of Las Cases, he also wrote that "the Emperor told me that Duroc alone had his intimacy and possessed his entire confidence"--though as with everything Napoleon said on Saint Helena, when his myth-making was in full swing, that should be taken with a grain of salt.) Writing to Marie Louise after Duroc's death, Napoleon remarked that "he had been my friend for twenty years"--their relationship had begun well before Napoleon seized power. So there's that level of intimacy as well: recognizing and loving the man behind the complicated performance and power of the Emperor.

[microcosme11]

Another one enchanted and mesmerized by Bonaparte

I found myself the next day at the hour named in the gallery of Mars at St. Cloud, where Duroc presented me to Bonaparte. The much too flattering words which that great man let fall on this occasion, while overwhelming me with astonishment, had the effect of attaching me once for all to his person. "Citizen Segur," he said, in a loud voice, before a crowd of senators, tribunes, legislators and generals, "I have placed you on my private staff; your duty will be to command my bodyguard. You see the confidence which I place in you, you will respond to it; your merit and your talents will ensure you rapid promotion!"

As much delighted as surprised by such a flattering reception, in my agitation I could only answer by a few words of gratitude and devotion, which Napoleon received with one of his indescribably gracious smiles; continuing his way through the crowded assemblage of personages of more or less note, he went on to the gallery of the chapel in which he heard mass. 

Intoxicated with joy and gratified pride beyond the bounds of expectation, and feeling as if I trod on air, I walked up and down these brilliant chambers as if taking possession of them, turning back and again stopping on the spot which even at this lapse of time I can still see before me, the spot where I had just listened to such expressions of esteem and regard, meditating upon them, and repeating them over a hundred times. It seemed to me as if they associated me, as if they identified me, with the renown of the Conqueror of Italy, of Egypt, and of France! I do not know what that autumn day was really like, but it has remained in my memory as the most beautiful, the most glorious day that ever shone upon me in my life. 

When I returned to Paris to my father's humble abode, it was only with blushes and under my breath, that in telling my story I could repeat these words of praise which must have appeared almost beyond belief.

An Aide-de-Camp of Napoleon by Comte de Ségur

[snatching-ishidates-wig]

"The door of the monument was open, Napoléon paused at the entrance in a grave and respectful attitude. He gazed into the shadow enclosing the hero's [Frederick the Great] ashes, and stood thus for nearly ten minutes motionless, silent, as if buried in deep thought. There were five or six of us with him: Duroc, Caulaincourt, an aide-de-camp and I. We gazed at this solemn and extraordinary scene, imagining the two great men face to face, identifying ourselves with the thoughts we ascribed to our Emperor before that other genius whose glory survived the overthrow of his work, who was as great in extreme adversity as in success."

(General Ségur)

[jeannepompadour]

Portrait of Comtesse Jean-Henri-Louis Greffulhe, née Marie-Françoise-Célestine de Vintimille du Luc, later Comtesse Philippe-Paul de Ségur in a landscape by Horace Vernet , 1825

[nordleuchten]

Hello dear,

I have a question that I hope isn’t too off topic or has already been asked.

I am currently reading through Adrienne de Lafayette’s bio by André Maurois and he keeps referencing the Marquis’ friend Ségur. I recall this name from other Lafayette biographies I have read but there I encountered the same problem. Does he have a title or a first name? It appears his father was a well respected general? But I can’t seem to piece together who that family is or what their standing was. I would love to know more about him, maybe dig into some correspondence as that is my one true vice. 😆 I just thought I would ask the Oracle since I’m stumped. 🤓😁

Well my dear @aconflagrationofmyown, I think I can help you with that. :-)

Yes, this mysterious Ségur has a name and a title. The “Ségur in question” was Louis Phlippe, comte de Ségur, born on December 10, 1753 in Paris and died on August 27, 1830 in Paris. He published his Memoirs and they are really worthwhile to read - interesting stories about a young La Fayette, insights into the inner circles of the French court at the time and of course into Ségur’s personal life. Here is his description of his relationship with La Fayette:

The three Frenchmen, distinguished by their rank at court, who first offered their military services to the Americans , were the Marquis de La Fayette, the Viscount de Noailles, and myself. We had long been intimate friends, and our connexion, which was strengthened by a great conformity of opinions, was soon after confirmed by the ties of blood.: La Fayette and the Viscount de Noailles had married two daughters of the Duke de Noailles, then bearing the title of Duke d'Ayen; their mother, the Dutchess d’Ayen, was the daughter, by his first marriage, of M. d'Aguesseau, Counsellor of State; and son of the Chancellor of that name M. d'Agur esseau had, by a second wife, twenty years after, several children, one of whom was M. d'Aguesseau, now a peer of France, a daughter, married to M. de Saron, first President of the Parliament of Paris, and another daughter, to whom I was united in the spring of 1777; so that, by this alliance, I became the uncle of my two friends.

Comte de Ségur, Memoirs and Recollections of the Count Segur, Ambassador from France to the Courts of Russia and Prussia, &c. &c., Wells and Lilly, Boston, 1825, p. 84.

Ségur’s descriptions of family relations is as confusing as it could possibly be and therefor once more in simple terms. La Fayette’s wife Adrienne had an aunt, her mother’s younger sister Antoinette-Elizabeth-Marie d’Aguesseau. This sister married Louis Philippe, comte de Ségur in 1777 in Paris and the couple had four children, three sons and one daughter. Ségur therefor was La Fayette’s uncle by marriage. Here is an example of how La Fayette described Ségur and their relationship. He wrote to George Washington on April 12, 1782:

This letter, My Dear General, Is Intrusted to Count de Segur, the Eldest Son of the Marquis de Segur Minister of State and of the War Departement Which in France Has a Great Importance—Count de Segur Was Soon Going to Have a Regiment, But He Prefers Serving in America, and Under Your orders—He is one of the Most Amiable, Sensible, and Good Natured Men I Ever Saw—He is My Very Intimate friend—I Recommend Him to You, My dear General, and through You to Every Body in America Particularly in the Army.

“To George Washington from Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette, 12 April 1782,” Founders Online, National Archives, [This is an Early Access document from The Papers of George Washington. It is not an authoritative final version.] (05/20/2022)

You said you have already done some digging on your own and I assume you came across Ségur’s Memoirs. I include some links just in case and for everybody else who might be interested. Ségur’s memoirs are normally split into three volumes.

Internet Archive, French original: Volume One - Volume Two - Volume Three

Internet Archive, English Translation: Volume One (they do not have any more volumes in English)

Google Books, English Translation: Volume One - Volume Two - Volume Three

Since Ségur also worked as a diplomat and historian, he authored quite a number of works. Here is a little overview of all of his freely accessible books at the Internet Archive and via Google Books.

His second-oldest son, Phillipe-Paul also wrote his memoirs: An aide-de-camp of Napoleon. Memoirs of General Count de Ségur, of the French academy, 1800-1812.

Ségur hailed from a very well situated family. His father was Philippe Henri, Marquis de Ségur, decorated general and later Secretary of State for War during the American Revolution. He was the grand-son of Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, regent of the Kingdome of France, by Orléans’ illegitimate daughter Philippe Angélique de Froissy. Ségur also had a younger brother, Joseph Alexandre Pierre, vicomte de Ségur. It is rumoured that Joseph Alexandre Pierre was not the son of Phillippe Henri but had actually been fathered by his “fathers” friend, Pierre Victor, baron de Besenval de Brünstatt. To my knowledge that had never been officially proven though.

The État civil reconstitué (XVIe-1859) should technically have Ségur’s Acte de Décès but I could not find it at first glance. I did find however the corresponding Fichier in the État civil reconstitué and maybe that is of interest for you as well. It is quite interesting to observe that Ségur’s last name is given as a combination of his and his wife’s name.

Paris Archives, Fichiers de l'état civil reconstitué, Cote V3E/D 1356, p. 21. (05/20/2022)

You also mentioned that you were interested in correspondences - in fact, you said that they are your one true vice and I can absolutely understand that. Under the cut (as not to bother everybody who is just casually scrolling) I include the one fully transcribed letter by Ségur that I have. There are also a couple of letters where I only have the dates and short summaries - just let me know if you are interested in them as well.

I hope you have/had a beautiful day!

The comte de Ségur to the Marquis de La Fayette

Rochefort, July 7, 1782

I received, my dear Lafayette, your friendly letter, and I was extremely touched. I love you madly and I cannot console myself that I am not traveling with you. You are going to play a very honorable role, and one that is very difficult to play. You will have to reconcile the French and American characters, deal tactfully with opposing interests, and fill the measure of your glory to overflowing by adding the olive branch to the laurel leaves. And you will even have to act against your own inclination by helping to put a definite end to the horrible scourge to which you owe your fame. I am very sorry not to be able to talk with you freely at the moment I most desire it. But letters are not safe enough, and I haven't anything to tell you but things I would not want to be read. I foresee that you are going to be more revolted than ever at English arrogance, stupid Spanish vanity, French inconsistency, and despotic ignorance. You will see that the cabinet tries one's patience as much as a battlefield, and that as many stupid things are done in a negotiation as in a campaign. You will see especially how essentials are sacrificed to form, and you will say more than once, “If chance had not made me one of the principal actors, I should certainly not stay in the theater.” But the more obstacles you encounter, the more merit you will gain. How could you not succeed in all you desire, for you have genius and good fortune. To have that is to have half again as much as it takes to be a great man. Farewell, my friend. I expect to leave the day after tomorrow, consoling myself rather philosophically for going two thousand leagues for nothing, but not consoling myself for not finding you in a place that I find full of your name and your deeds. I shall carry out all your commissions, and I shall point out the patriotic sacrifice you are making in temporarily exchanging your sword for a pen. I request that you love my wife, hug my children, take my place with my father, and join us as soon as you can to sound the charge or beat the farewell retreat.

Idzerda Stanley J. et al., editors, Lafayette in the Age of the American Revolution: Selected Letters and Papers, 1776–1790, Volume 5, January 4, 1782‑December 29, 1785, Cornell University Press, 1981, p. 51.

[bwbeauties]

stephmilanez

Duvido que te contaram isso na escola! Por acaso, você sabia que a Vodka ajudou a Rússia a vencer os duas importantes guerras? 😈 A da vitória Soviética na 2° Guerra mundial teve ajudinha da vodka. Em 1943, o marechal russo Georgui Jukov informou a Stalin que as tropas estavam utilizando a vodka para impedir que a água dos radiadores congelasse, ja que não tinha descongelante, a vodka foi a salvação. 😏

130 anos antes da vitória Russa na segunda guerra mundial, a vodka também teve um papel importante contra outro grande inimigo: Napoleão Bonaparte. O general francês e historiador Philippe-Paul de Ségur, que participou do enfrentamento com a Rússia em 1812, descreveu em seu livro que os soldados franceses estavam adoecendo e morrendo por beber vodka russa. “Nossos jovens soldados, enfraquecidos pela fome e o cansaço, achavam que esta bebida restauraria sua energia, mas o calor (da bebida) fez com que eles gastassem o resto de energia como em uma explosão e depois caíssem esgotados”. Assim é vida, quem não aguenta bebe leite.

Vodka Russa não é apenas uma bebida, faz parte da vida e da história das pessoas. Ontem o mundo comemorou 75 anos do Fim da 2° Guerra Mundial, o término da mais terrível e devastadora guerra travada pela humanidade, que matou milhares de pessoas. Como falei nos stories de ontem, guerra não é uma luta do bem contra o mal, é feita de pessoas comuns, heróis, soldados, jovens, covardes e todo tipo de gente em todos os lados. Então vamos usar essa data para celebrar a paz, que todos povos do mundo possam se orgulhar do seu país e dos seus heróis. Recordar o sofrimento dos nossos familiáres que enfrentaram o período sombrio que é uma guerra e agradecer a bravura deles que nos fez estar aqui hoje. Um brinde à Paz!

@kalashnikov.vodka

Nasdróvia!

[weirdletter]

Imaginales: le festival des mondes imaginaires, 18ème édition. 23-26 May 2019, Ville d’Épinal, France. Poster art by Grzegorz Rosiński and Piotr Rosiński, info: imaginales.fr.

From Thursday 23rd to Sunday 26th May, 2019, more than 300 authors and illustrators from all over the world will come to Epinal, in France, for the 18th edition of Imaginales: le festival des mondes imaginaires, one of the first international exposition of Imaginative literature.  Artists, novelists and experts in the Fantasy, SF and Fantastic genres will share their stories with a varied and enthusiastic audience. Founded in 2002, the festival is free and open to the public, welcoming more than 40,000 visitors from all over France.

Guest list:

Comics and illustration – Julien DELVAL, Renaud DENAUW, Emmanuel DESPUJOL, Steven DUDA, Gilles FRANCESCANO, Laurent GAPAILLARD, Armel GAULME, Didier GRAFFET, Loïc JOUANNIGOT, Milan JOVANOVIC, Frédéric MARNIQUET, Gilles MEZZOMO, Noë MONIN, Thimothée MONTAIGNE, Frédéric PILLOT, Michel RODRIGUE, Olivier ROMAC, Grzegorz ROSIŃSKI, Piotr ROSIŃSKI, Thierry SÉGUR, Olivier SOUILLÉ, Philippe ZYTKA.

International authors – Alex BELL, Sigridour Hagalin BJÖRNSDOTTIR, Peter BRETT, Anders FAGER, Mark HENWICK, Vic JAMES, S.T. JOSHI, Hildur KNÚTSDÓTTIR, Graham MASTERTON, Sam J. MILLER, Christopher PRIEST, Sofia SAMATAR, Johanna SINISALO.

French authors – Christophe ABAS, Sandrine ALEXIE, Nicolas ALLARD, Mel ANDORYSS, Jean-Pierre ANDREVON, Jacques BARBÉRI, Isabelle BAUTHIAN, Robert BELMAS, Paul BEORN, Karim BERROUKA, Georges BERTIN, Chloé BERTRAND, Pierre BORDAGE, Béatrice BOTTET, Nicolas BOUCHARD, Clément BOUHÉLIER, Charlotte BOUSQUET, Fabienne BRUGERE, David BRY, Sabrina CALVO, Nicolas CARTELET, Fabien CERUTTI, Fabien CLAVEL, Guy COSTES, Alain DAMASIO, Grégory DA ROSA, Nathalie DAU, Lionel DAVOUST, Nicolas DEBANDT, Romain DELPLANCQ, Jérôme DIDELOT, Julie de LESTRANGE, Marie-Charlotte DELMAS, Jean-Laurent DEL SOCORRO, Patrick K DEWDNEY, Romain D'HUISSIER, Victor DIXEN, Sara DOKE, Catherine DUFOUR, Jean-Claude DUNYACH, Silène EDGAR, Manon FARGETTON, Estelle FAYE, Franck FERRIC, Fabien FERNANDEZ, Élise FISCHER, Alexis FLAMAND, Célia FLAUX, Victor FLEURY, Jean-Pierre FONTANA, Isabelle FOURNIÉ, Thomas GEHA, Alison GERMAIN, Eric GIACOMETTI, Régis GODDYN, Marie-José GONAND, Alain GROUSSET, Lauric GUILLAUD, Colin HEINE, Johan HELIOT, Loïc HENRY, Ariel HOLZL, Raymond ISS, Jean-Philippe JAWORSKI, Gabriel KATZ, Florian KIEFFER, Katia LANERO ZAMORA, Gilles LAPORTE, Camille LEBOULANGER, Fabienne LELOUP, Christian LÉOURIER, Jérôme LEROY, Érik L'HOMME, Jean-Marc LIGNY, Méropée MALO, Eric MARCHAL, Jean-Luc MARCASTEL, Johanna MARINES, Jean MARIGNY, Danielle MARTINIGOL, Xavier MAUMÉJEAN, Patrick McSPARE, Hélène P. MÉRELLE, Sylvie MILLER, Vincent MONDIOT, Pierre PEVEL, Betty PICCIOLI, Stefan PLATTEAU, Jean PRUVOST, Jacques RAVENNE, Michael ROCH, Carina ROZENFELD, Éric SANVOISIN, Stéphane SERVANT, Floriane SOULAS, Charles SUZANNE, Ketty STEWARD, Rachel TANNER, Arthur TÉNOR, Philippe TESSIER, Nicolas TEXIER, Christophe THILL, Jean-François THOMAS, Jean-Christophe TIXIER, Adrien TOMAS, Jean-Michel TRUONG, Estelle VAGNER, Laurence VANIN, Cindy VAN WILDER, Claude VAUTRIN, Flore VESCO, Frédéric VINCENT, Frédérique VOLOT, Philippe WARD, Aurélie WELLENSTEIN, Georges ZARAGOZA.

[toanunnery]

Philippe-Paul, comte de Ségur

François Gérard

[joachimnapoleon]

"Deliberately courting death"

Ségur, in his memoir of the Russian campaign, depicts Murat as being possibly suicidal at Smolensk in August 1812.

From then on Napoleon appeared to look on Smolensk as nothing more than a halting place, to be captured by storm, and at once. But Murat, prudent when he was not excited by the presence of the enemy, opposed this decision. It was true that he and his cavalry would not be involved in this operation, yet so violent an effort seemed useless to him, since the Russians were withdrawing on their own initiative. When it was proposed that we should pursue them he was heard to exclaim, "Since they don't want a battle, we've chased them far enough. It's high time we stopped!"

The Emperor retorted, but no further record of this conversation has been preserved. However, some words the King let fall at a later date give an idea of the subject of their disagreement. "I threw myself on my knees before my brother-in-law and implored him to stop. But he couldn't see anything but Moscow. Honor, glory, rest--everything was there for him. This Moscow was going to be our ruin!" One thing is certain: when Murat parted from Napoleon his features were marked by real suffering, his movements were jerky as if he were shaken by deep, repressed emotion, and the word "Moscow" fell from his lips several times.

Not far from there, on the left bank of the Dnieper, we had set up a powerful battery on the spot from which Belliard had first noticed the enemy's retreat. But the Russians opposed us with two even more formidable batteries, and our cannon and ammunition wagons were being blown up one after another. The King drove his horse straight into this inferno, dismounted, and stood motionless. Belliard warned him that he was going to get himself killed to no purpose and without glory, but Murat's only reply was to walk closer to the danger. Those around him could no longer doubt that he had lost hope in the outcome of the war, that he foresaw a disastrous future for himself, and was deliberately courting death as the only means of escape. Nevertheless Belliard persisted, pointed out that his rashness would only result in the loss of all their lives. "Then go away, all of you!" cried Murat, "and leave me alone here!" But they refused to leave. Then the King, swinging around in anger, tore himself away from the place of slaughter, like a man saved against his will.

--Count Philippe-Paul de Ségur, Napoleon's Russian Campaign (English translation by J. David Townsend)

[handfuloftime]

In 1806, Vivant Denon, the director of the Louvre, commissioned two series of portraits of state officials to be displayed in the imperial palaces. One set, intended for Fontainebleau, depicted the six grand officers of the Maison impériale in court dress. 

Grand chambellan: Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand Périgord, Prince de Bénévent - Pierre-Paul Prud’hon, 1807 (Musée Carnavalet)

Grand veneur: Louis-Alexandre Berthier, Prince de Neufchâtel et Wagram, maréchal de France - Jacques Augustin Catherine Pijou, 1808 (Palais de Versailles)

Grand écuyer: Armand de Caulaincourt, duc de VIcence, en habit de Grand écuyer - Féréol Bonnemaison, 1806 (private collection)

Grand maréchal: Maréchal Duroc, duc de Frioul, Grand Maréchal du palais de S.M. l’Empéreur Napoléon Ier - Antoine-Jean Gros, 1805 (Musée de beaux-arts de Nancy)

Grand aumonier: Joseph Fesch, cardinal - Charles Meynier, 1806 (Palais de Versailles)

Grand maître des cérémonies: Louis-Philippe de Ségur - Artist Unknown (Palais de Versailles) [Denon commissioned the official portrait of Ségur from Marie-Guillemine Benoist, but I can’t find it online anywhere (maybe it’s in a private collection?), so here’s another portrait of Ségur instead.]

[pacha-cartographie]

Un nouvel article a été publié sur Pacha cartographie | Cartographe géomaticien professionnel

New Post has been published on http://www.pacha-cartographie.com/plans-de-metro-detournes-meilleurs-bars-de-paris/

Les plans de métro détournés : les meilleurs bars de Paris

Ah, le métro de Paris. Que vous l’aimiez ou le détestiez il reste souvent le moyen le plus rapide de passer d’un point A à un bar. Le site web américain ThrillList nous aide donc à le faire avec cette carte admirable qui remplace les stations de métro par les meilleurs bars de Paris.

Le dernier bar avant la fin du monde

Pour chacune des stations, ou presque, est indiqué un troquet remarquable qui se situe à moins de 10 minutes à pied. La cartographe a un peu coincé sur certains quartiers parisiens et a laissé de côté « les stations aux extrémités de la ville, comme celles qui n’ont aucun bar décent à proximité ». On lui pardonnera donc, si cette carte reflète quelque peu la vie nocturne limité du XVe arrondissement, il y avait par contre un peu mieux à faire dans le XIIe (Aligre), le XIIIe (Butte aux Cailles) et le XVIIe (Batignolles).

La carte des meilleurs bars de Paris, à consommer sans modération:

    Puis des zooms par quartier, avec des liens vers les sites web des bars sélectionnés :

Ligne 1

La Défense / Grande Arche: — Esplanade de la Défense: Tangerine Bar Pont de Neuilly: — Les Sablons: — Porte Maillot: La Vue Argentine: Mojito Habana Charles de Gaulle — Étoile: Comptoir de l’Arc George V: Queen Franklin D. Roosevelt: Le Pershing Hall Champs-Élysées — Clemenceau: Blind Bar Concorde: Buddha Bar Tuileries: Bar 228 Palais Royal / Musée du Louvre: — Louvre — Rivoli: Le Fumoir Châtelet: Le bar du Fish Club Hôtel de Ville: Stolly’s Saint-Paul: Auld Alliance Bastille: Lone Palm Gare de Lyon: Express de Lyon Reuilly / Diderot: — Nation: Irish Corner Porte de Vincennes: — Saint-Mandé: — Bérault: La Cantine Château de Vincennes: La Tête à l’Envers

Ligne 2

Porte Dauphine: Saint James Club Victor Hugo: Charles de Gaulle — Étoile: Comptoir de l’Arc Ternes: UC-61 Courcelles: — Monceau: — Villiers: — Rome: Le Progrès Place de Clichy: Les Caves Populaires Blanche: Le 7th Pigalle: Glass Anvers: Artisan Barbès — Rochechouart: Le Louxor La Chapelle SNCF: — Stalingrad: La Rotonde Jaurès: 25 Degrès Est Colonel Fabien: Le Saint Marthe Belleville: Aux Folies Couronnes: Demain C’est Loin Ménilmontant: Les Trois 8 Père Lachaise: Le Babel Café Philippe Auguste: — Alexandre Dumas: La Goguette Avron: — Nation: Les Pères Populaires

Ligne 3

Pont de Levallois — Bécon: — Anatole France: Absolu Café Louise Michel: — Porte de Champerret: — Pereire: — Wagram: — Malesherbes: — Villiers: — Europe: Les Coulisses Saint-Lazare: — Havre — Caumartin: — Opéra: Harry’s New York Bar Quatre-Septembre: K1ZE Bourse: Thirsty Mad Cat Sentier: Lockwood Réaumur — Sébastopol: Experimental Cocktail Club Arts et Métiers: Andy Wahloo Temple: Shake N Smash République: Le Comptoir Général Parmentier: UFO Rue Saint-Maur: La Fine Mousse Père Lachaise: Le Babel Café Gambetta: Galerie Orteaux Porte de Bagnolet: Bar du Mama Shelter Gallieni: —

Ligne 4

Porte de Clignancourt: La Recyclerie Simplon: Le Petit Joseph Dijon Marcadet — Poissonniers: Supercoin Château Rouge: Le Floors Barbès — Rochechouart: Le Louxor Gare du Nord: Hideout Gare de l’Est: Café A Château d’Eau: Chez Jeannette Strasbourg — Saint-Denis: Le Mauri7 Réaumur — Sébastopol: Experimental Cocktail Club Étienne Marcel: Le Frog & Rosbif Les Halles: Le Garde Robe Châtelet: Le bar du Fish Club Cité: Dernier Bar Avant la Fin du Monde Saint-Michel: Laperouse Odéon: Prescription Cocktail Club Saint-Germain-des-Prés: Playtime Cocktails Saint-Sulpice: Little Temple Bar Saint-Placide: The Financier Montparnasse — Bienvenüe: Ciel de Paris Vavin: Rosebud Raspail: La Closerie des Lilas Denfert-Rochereau: — Mouton-Duvernet: Café Oz Alésia: — Porte d’Orléans: Auto Passion Café

Ligne 5

Bobigny — Pablo Picasso: — Bobigny — Pantin — Raymond Queneau: — Église de Pantin: — Hoche: — Porte de Pantin: Café des concerts Ourcq: Mama Kin Laumière: Bar Ourcq Jaurès: 25 Degrès Est Stalingrad: La Rotonde Gare du Nord: Hideout Gare de l’Est: Café A Jacques Bonsergent: Le Coq République: Le Comptoir Général Oberkampf: Entree des Artistes Richard-Lenoir: Les Nicois Bréguet — Sabin: Moonshiner Bastille: Lone Palm Quai de la Rapée: Café de la Presse Gare d’Austerlitz: Le Nüba Saint-Marcel: The Long Red Bar Campo Formio: — Place d’Italie: —

Ligne 6

Charles de Gaulle — Étoile: Comptoir de l’Arc Kléber: The English Bar and Lounge « 17 » Boissière: G’Bar & Lounge  Trocadéro: Frog XVI Passy: La Grande Dame Bir-Hakeim: Bar à Champagne Dupleix: Au Dernier Metro La Motte-Picquet — Grenelle: Le Zinc Cambronne: Comptoir Moderne Sèvres — Lecourbe: Au Roi du Cafe Pasteur: — Montparnasse — Bienvenüe: Ciel de Paris Edgar Quinet: Le Smoke Raspail: La Closerie des Lilas Denfert-Rochereau: — Saint-Jacques: Academie de la Bière Glacière: La Folie en Tête Corvisart: Papagallo Chez Les Filles Place d’Italie: — Nationale: — Chevaleret: — Quai de la Gare: Wanderlust Bercy: Peanut’s Cafe Dugommier: — Daumesnil: — Bel-Air: Corrida Cafe Picpus: Le Rugby Bar Nation: Irish Corner

Ligne 7

La Courneuve — 8 Mai 1945: — Fort d’Aubervilliers: — Aubervilliers — Pantin — Quatre Chemins: Glazart Porte de la Villette: — Corentin Cariou: Moussa l’Africain Crimée: Bar le 61 Riquet: Le Bellerive Stalingrad: La Rotonde Louis Blanc: Point Ephemere Château-Landon: Le Chaland Gare de l’Est: Café A Poissonnière: La Manufacture Cadet: Hypnose Cocktail Bar Le Peletier: Le Spot Café Chaussée d’Antin — La Fayette: Le Patio Opéra: Harry’s New York Bar Pyramides: Willi’s Wine Bar Palais Royal — Musée du Louvre: — Pont Neuf: Le Kong Châtelet: Le bar du Fish Club Pont Marie: Le Chester Art Sully — Morland: Sherry Butt Jussieu: Finnegans Wake Place Monge: The Local Censier — Daubenton: Connolly’s Corner Les Gobelins: — Place d’Italie: — Tolbiac: — Maison Blanche: — Porte d’Italie: — Porte de Choisy: — Porte d’Ivry: — Pierre et Marie Curie: — Mairie d’Ivry: — Le Kremlin-Bicêtre: — Villejuif — Léo Lagrange: — Villejuif — Paul Vaillant-Couturier: — Villejuif — Louis Aragon: —

Ligne 8

Balard: — Lourmel: Le Buron Boucicaut: HeureSup Félix Faure: Charlie Birdy Commerce: Zoo La Motte-Picquet — Grenelle: Le Zinc École Militaire: L’Éclair La Tour-Maubourg: The Club Invalides: Minipalais Concorde: Buddha Bar Madeleine: Le Forum Opéra: Harry’s New York Bar Richelieu — Drouot: Barramundi Grands Boulevards: Conserverie Bonne Nouvelle: Delaville Café Strasbourg — Saint-Denis: Le Mauri7 République: Le Comptoir Général Filles du Calvaire: Candelaria Saint-Sébastien — Froissart: Mary Celeste Chemin Vert: Café Martini Bastille: Lone Palm Ledru-Rollin: Le Motel Faidherbe — Chaligny: Red House Reuilly — Diderot: — Montgallet: — Daumesnil: — Michel Bizot: — Porte Dorée: — Porte de Charenton: — Liberté: — Charenton — Écoles: — École Vétérinaire de Maisons-Alfort: — Maisons-Alfort — Stade: — Maisons-Alfort — Les Juilliottes: — Créteil — L’Échat: — Créteil — Université: — Créteil — Préfecture: —

Ligne 9

Pont de Sèvres: — Billancourt: — Marcel Sembat: Café Chérie Porte de Saint-Cloud: — Exelmans: — Michel-Ange — Molitor: — Michel-Ange — Auteuil: — Jasmin: — Ranelagh: — La Muette: — Rue de la Pompe: — Trocadéro: Frog XVI Iéna: Waknine Alma — Marceau: — Franklin D. Roosevelt: Le Pershing Hall Saint-Philippe du Roule: — Miromesnil: Le Bar Du Bristol Saint-Augustin: The Cricketer Havre — Caumartin: — Chaussée d’Antin — La Fayette: Le Patio Richelieu — Drouot: Barramundi to Balard: — Grands Boulevards: Conserverie Bonne Nouvelle: Delaville Café Strasbourg — Saint-Denis: Le Mauri7 Saint Martin: — République: Le Comptoir Général Oberkampf: Entree des Artistes Saint-Ambroise: Le 3C Voltaire: La Fée Verte Charonne: Café Leopard Rue des Boulets: Le Carbone 14 Nation: Les Pères Populaires Buzenval: Le Bouillon Belge Maraîchers: — Porte de Montreuil: — Robespierre: — Croix de Chavaux: — Mairie de Montreuil: —

Ligne 10

Boulogne — Pont de Saint-Cloud: — Boulogne — Jean Jaurès: — Porte d’Auteuil: — Michel-Ange — Molitor: — Michel-Ange — Auteuil: — Chardon Lagache: — Église d’Auteuil: — Mirabeau: — Javel — André Citroën: La Plage Parisienne Charles Michels: Three Ducks Avenue Émile Zola: Le Cosmos La Motte-Picquet — Grenelle: Le Zinc Ségur: Il Bari Duroc: Le Talma Vaneau: Couleur Café Sèvres — Babylone: Le Lutèce Mabillon: Chez Georges Odéon: Prescription Cocktail Club Cluny — La Sorbonne: Castor Club Maubert — Mutualité: Curio Parlor Cardinal Lemoine: La Lucha Libre Jussieu: Finnegans Wake Gare d’Austerlitz: Le Nüba

Ligne 11

Mairie des Lilas: — Porte des Lilas: — Télégraphe: — Place des Fêtes: — Jourdain: L’Escargot Pyrénées: L’O Bar Belleville: Aux Folies Goncourt: Tiki Lounge République: Le Comptoir Général Arts et Métiers: Andy Wahloo Rambuteau: Acte 3 Hôtel de Ville: Stolly’s Châtelet: Le bar du Fish Club

Ligne 12

Porte de la Chapelle: — Marx Dormoy: En Vrac Marcadet — Poissonniers: Supercoin Jules Joffrin: Alibi Lamarck — Caulaincourt: La Cave Cafe Abbesses: Le Kremlin Pigalle: Glass Saint-Georges: Professore Notre-Dame-de-Lorette: Brittany Cocktails and Whiskey Bar Trinité — d’Estienne d’Orves: — Saint-Lazare: — Madeleine: Le Forum Concorde: Buddha Bar Assemblée Nationale: Le Concorde Atlantique Solférino: Mucha Café Rue du Bac: Le Bar – L’Hôtel Sèvres — Babylone: Le Lutèce Rennes: Le Hotel de l’Abbaye Notre-Dame-des-Champs: Blind Bar Montparnasse — Bienvenüe: Ciel de Paris Falguière: Les Zazous Pasteur: — Volontaires: Le Clin D’oeil Vaugirard: Lounge Bar du Novotel Vaugirard Convention: Mandela Bar Porte de Versailles: — Corentin Celton: — Mairie d’Issy: —

Ligne 13

Saint-Denis — Université: — Basilique de Saint-Denis: Cafe Culturel Saint-Denis — Porte de Paris: — Carrefour Pleyel: — Mairie de Saint-Ouen: — Garibaldi: — Porte de Saint-Ouen: — Guy Môquet: KIEZ Biergarten Parisien Gabriel Peri — Asnières — Gennevilliers: — Mairie de Clichy: — Porte de Clichy: — Brochant: Les Puces des Batignolles La Fourche: Lush Place de Clichy: Les Caves Populaires Liège: Le Béguin Saint-Lazare: — Miromesnil: Le Bar Du Bristol Champs-Élysées — Clemenceau: Blind Bar Invalides: Minipalais Varenne: Club des Poetes Saint-François-Xavier: — Duroc: Le Talma Montparnasse — Bienvenüe: Ciel de Paris Gaîté: Backstage Café Pernety: Zeste Bar Plaisance: — Porte de Vanves: — Malakoff — Plateau de Vanves: — Malakoff — Rue Étienne Dolet: — Châtillon — Montrouge: —

Ligne 14

Saint-Lazare: — Madeleine: Le Forum Pyramides: Willi’s Wine Bar Châtelet: Le bar du Fish Club Gare de Lyon: Express de Lyon Bercy: Peanut’s Cafe Cour Saint-Émilion: Le Saint M’ Bibliothèque François Mitterrand: — Olympiades: —

  Ps: attention, cette carte étant sortie il y a déjà 2 ans maintenant, le classement pourrait donc être un petit peu différent aujourd’hui.

  Sources: www.20minutes.fr, www.thrillist.com, www.lefigaro.fr

[joachimnapoleon]

Ségur's description of Russian General Miloradovich (@tairin, you might like this--and maybe you can tell us how accurate Ségur is about him?)

Miloradovich, known to us as the "Russian Murat," commanded these troops. According to his fellow countrymen, he was a fearless warrior, astute, as impetuous as our own soldier-king, as impressively tall as he, and, like him, a favorite of Fortune. He had never been known to receive a wound, though crowds of soldiers and officers had fallen around him and several horses had been killed under him. He scorned the principles of war, even showing great dexterity in not following the rules of this art, and claiming that he preferred to surprise the enemy by unexpected sallies. He never prepared a movement in advance, counting on the place and circumstances to advise him, and acting on sudden inspiration. But he was a leader on the battlefield only, without administrative abilities of any kind, either personal or public, a notorious spendthrift, but--by contrast--honest and generous to a fault.

--Count Philippe-Paul de Ségur, Napoleon's Russian Campaign (English translation by J. David Townsend)

[handfuloftime]

François Gérard, Philippe-Paul, comte de Ségur, n.d. Château de Versailles. (x)