#Oldenburg royals

[la-belle-histoire]

Duchess Alexandra Petrovna of Oldenburg, Carl Timoleon von Neff. n.d.

[tiaramania]

TIARA ALERT: Duchess Katharina of Oldenburg wore a diamond loop tiara for her wedding to Count Clemens Moy de Sons at St. Ulrich’s Church in Rastede, Germany on 13 July 2024.

[tiny-librarian]

Photograph of Grand Duchess Alexandra, lying on a chaise-longue, facing towards the camera. She rests her head on her right hand and gazes to the right. She wears a dark coloured dress and dark coloured hair covering.

Source

[andiatas]

Queen Sofia Magdalena of Sweden by Jakob Björck (oil on canvas, 1788)

Sofia Magdalena of Denmark was a Danish princess who married Gustav (III) in 1766. Their marriage has been described as problematic, including because they were so different. They had two sons, the youngest of whom died at an early age.

Sofia Magdalena showed a great interest in clothing and fashion. Her exquisite dresses are preserved at the Royal Armoury. These include her wedding dress with silver bobbin lace, inspired by the French court.

Photo: Nationalmuseum

[memories-of-ancients]

The Oldenborg Horn, a silver drinking horn crafted in 1465. It was presumably a gift to the cathedral in Cologne from Christian I during his visit to Rome in 1474-75. After the reformation it came back into the possesion of the royal danish house of Oldenburg, and in 1690 Christian V had it moved from Oldenburg to Copenhagen.

from The Rosenborg Castle Collection, Denmark

[scotianostra]

On 8th September 1468 King Christian I contracted the marriage of his only daughter Margaret Oldenburg, Princess of Denmark to James III.

The marriage ended up with The Northern Isles of Shetland and The Orkneys being ceded to Scotland.

After Norway was peaceably united with Denmark under King Christian I – his Oldenburg dynasty is still on the Danish throne – in 1450, he concentrated on building his empire in Scandinavia and seems to have had little time for his westernmost provinces of Orkney and Shetland. Christian also did not want any further warring with the Scots, and in 1468 a dynastic marriage was arranged between his 12-year-old daughter Margaret and James III – who had been on the throne since 1460 but who was still only 16 or 17. They married at The Palace of Holyrood House Abbey in 1469, a year after the signing of the Treaty of Copenhagen – sealing the friendship between Denmark/Norway and Scotland.

By that treaty, Margaret of Denmark’s dowry included the cancellation of debts allegedly owed by Scotland but most importantly King Christian offered 60,000 guilders or Rhenish Florins to James, with a mortgage secured on Orkney and Shetland. The first payment was due immediately after the marriage, but Christian was short of currency and the payment was not made. It seems he really did want shot of the islands ordered his subjects there to pay their taxes to the King of Scots until he could pay the redemption money. He never did pay up and effectively handed over the islands to Scotland.

James III also made it clear that he wanted the islands, and in 1470 he "persuaded" the Earl of Orkney, William Sinclair, to sign over his earldom to the king himself in return for some lands in Fife that included Ravenscraig Castle.

Now as Earl of Orkney – King Christian did not object – all that remained for James to do was to get the Scottish Parliament to formalise the annexation, and that finally happened in February 550 years ago.

The Shetland Museum and Archives website described what happened next:

“[James] promised that they shouldn’t be given away in time to come to anyone, except one of the king’s legitimate sons. His plan was that the islands should be governed by the Scottish crown, and administered on the king’s behalf by his own governors and tax-collectors – while leaving open the possibility that they might be gifted to a respectable nobleman sometime in the future. So in August the same year James appointed the bishop of Orkney, Andrew Pictoris, as his agent in Orkney and Shetland. King Christian didn’t complain.

“And something else happened, again in 1472, that was equally far-reaching. Six months after the annexation Pope Sixtus VI created an archbishopric in Scotland, based at St Andrews. He attached the bishopric of Orkney to it. At a stroke the ecclesiastical affairs of Orkney and Shetland had been taken over by the church in Scotland, just as their royal administration had been.”

Many nobles in Denmark and Norway were upset at King Christian for letting Orkney and Shetland go, and his successors King Hans and King Christian II were put under pressure to renounce the Treaty and take possession of the islands once again. They found excuses not to do so with Christian II being particularly hypocritical as he wrote to the islanders in 1514 that they were rightly under the crown of Norway despite being “pawned” to Scotland. It wasn’t until the 1660s that Denmark stopped claiming the islands.

For many decades Orkney and Shetland kept their own distinctly Norse polity, the islands have been part of Scotland since February 472, but the foundations for that were laid on this day in 1468.

The first pic is Christian, the couple are James III and Margaret.

[zenia62]

Letters From Louis Bonaparte to Daendels (Part 4)

Hii guys!! ✨️ Soo this is the last part of the Louis Bonaparte letter to Daendels 😮 As usual, I'm still trying to understand the meaning of each letter so I'm not rlly ready yet to give a summary on what are they talking abt 🤔 But I thought of sharing it now since it might be useful for u guys 😌 That's all for now, I'm sorry if there is misinformation due to translation 🙏 Thank you guys n have a nice day, stay safe 🌙

12th Letter :

Mr. Daendels, I have been informed that there has been a landing at Emden. I sent you the order to go there immediately. I hope that, by the time you receive this letter, you will already be there with the 9th Regiment, and that you will defend yourself until we can come to your aid. I am sending my aide-de-camp to you so that you can inform him of the measures you have taken for the defense of this important place. It is especially important for me to be informed of the current situation as quickly as possible. My aide-de-camp knows the route I am on, returning to Holland. He will keep you informed. If there is still time, withdraw the 150 cavalry of the 2nd Regiment near you, who had orders to join the regiment. Royal Headquarters in Ertzen, November 13, 1806. LOUIS.

13th Letter :

Mr. General Daendels, you must only take possession of East Frisia. As for the Duchy of Oldenburg, it should be evacuated immediately if it does not belong to Russia, which you should be able to determine for certain on the spot. The same applies to the territories of Jever and Kniphausen, for which we must await further orders before taking possession. You are to comply with the orders you will receive from the ministers regarding the administration of the country. My firm intention is for you to reside in Emden, where a garrison must be permanently stationed.

Regarding your staff, keep Brigadier Colonel Pitcairn as one of your aides-de-camp, and if you need additional staff officers, request them from the War Minister. If needed, you can keep the staff officer I am sending with this dispatch. Royal Headquarters in Munster, November 15, 1806. LOUIS. I do not believe that Colonel de Bou is in my service. I do not understand how he is part of your General Staff.

14th Letter :

Mr. General Daendels, I have received the letter you wrote to me on December 30 from The Hague. I requested that you return to your post because it is essential for high-ranking officers to set an example of subordination. I will summon you to The Hague, but in the meantime, I recommend that you focus, without delay, on the inspection I entrusted to you. Therefore, Mr. General Daendels, I pray that God will keep you in His holy care. Royal Palace of The Hague, January 5, 1807. LOUIS.

[charlotte-of-wales]

detdanskekongehus: A peculiar royal tale..

Our children are not always as enthusiastic about visiting museums, churches or listening to historical narratives. That becomes easier when the storyteller has large empathy, and when the story is about one's own family.

The monarchy is deeply rooted in Danish history and culture. History is an important cornerstone for understanding the times we live in, in who we are as people and what binds us together. Our children grow up with history in the walls and in the hallways , but still we wish as parents and the crown prince couple to pass the story on to the next generation (and refresh our own) in an exciting way.

We have therefore started a series of tours in Danish castles and museums, where Thomas Thulstrup director from Kongernes Samling tells about the history of Denmark based on Danish kings and queens over time. First stop was Rosenberg Castle, where we heard about The Oldenburgers and the time from elective monarchies onwards autocracy to constitutional monarchy.

And it was a great joy for all six of us.

✍️ The Crown Prince Couple

[nickynixxx]

Royal Update!

Hi so it has been awhile!

Sorry about that a lot has happend but I have been playing XD

I got to 1324 and a lot of drama has happend XD

(For the people who want a quick reminder of the family tree and people who don't want to look at it [which i don't blame you for I am lazy too])

First things first before we get to weddings! births!

In 1322

Lady Wlueth the Daughter of Countess Fina Bohun and her Husband Sir Jeronnim gave birth to twins! Lady Alejandra Bohun-Jett and Lady Cadence Bohun-Jett!

A year after the wedding of Lady Marryon Carmoody and Barat Carmoody-Newsome, their son The Honorable Yoria Carmoody-Newsome was born.

In 1323

The royal twins Prince Aldwulf and Prince Gideon got married to their betrothals

Introducing

Prince and Duke of Chachapoyas Aldwulf of Barclay with his wife the Duchess Nikoletta of Chachapoyas and Princess of Oldenburg of Denmark

Prince and Duke of Nazca Gideon of Barclay and and his wife The Duchess Francesca of Nazca and Princess Hawthron of Eprya

1324

Lady Saxleue and Sir Harry Issac had a small wedding requested by her parents the Count and Countess of Twantinsuyu....

Countess Fina Bohun sadly died by a fire....

Which Makes Princess Amabel of Barclay and Bohun offically now the Countess. Her Son Count Odo and his Sister Lady Wlueth grieve her loss.

Prince and Duke of Nazca Gideon of Barclay and and his wife The Duchess Francesca of Nazca and Princess Hawthron of Eprya. Had Princess Sayri Barclay on March 20th.

Prince and Duke of Chachapoyas Aldwulf of Barclay with his wife the Duchess Nikoletta of Chachapoyas and Princess of Oldenburg of Denmark. Had Prince Willka of Barclay on March 20th as well.

[loiladadiani]

Photographs: 1. Alexandra and her younger sister Dagmar; 2. The Danish Royal Family: From left to right: Dagmar (Marie Feodorovna), the little one by Dagmar's knee should be Prince Valdemar, the youngest; standing in back of the child, the oldest male, future King Frederick VIII; King Christian the IX is in the middle, standing in back of his wife Louise; standing by Louise is Princess Thyra; next to Thyra is the future Queen Alexandra; standing in the back, between Thyra and Alexandra, is George, the future King of the Helenes; 3. In this picture, a very beautiful Princess Alexandra; sitting by her is Princess Lovisa of Sweden, the wife of Frederick, who is standing by her; next to Frederick is Dagmar, and sitting on the floor holding a little dog is Thyra; 4. Christian IX 5. Queen Louise; 6. Christian IX 7. Queen Louise

The Danish Royal Family

King Christian IX of Denmark (1818 - 1906) and Queen Louise of Denmark (1817 - 1898) nee Louise of Hesse-Kessel and their children

This Wednesday, a little love for the Danish Royal Family, who gave us Queen Alexandra of England, one of the most beautiful queens to sit on a throne since photography was created (no makeup, Botox, fillers, plastic surgery), and her sister, Empress Maria Feodorovna (Princess Dagmar of Denmark) one of the prettiest and most beloved Empresses of all the Russias.

So where did all that beauty come from? Most of us have seen photographs of Christian IX and Queen Louise in their older years. At least I had not seen them young. I looked for some photos, and I am including them here. Both of them were good-looking. Louise had a pretty face and beautiful eyes. And so did Christian! He was not bad-looking at all, tall and slim. The little cleft on Alexandra's chin apparently came from her father. The girls had good genes.

The House of Glücksburg, to which Christian IX and Queen Louise belonged, is a collateral branch of the German House of Oldenburg. Its members have reigned at various times in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland, Greece, and several northern German states.

King Christian IX and Queen Louise were double cousins. King Christian was called the "father-in-law of Europe" on account of the marriage of his children to foreign princes and princesses.

Current monarchs King Charles III of the United Kingdom, Queen Margrethe II of Denmark, and King Harald V of Norway, as well as former queens consort Ann Marie of Greece and Sofia of Spain, are patrilineal members of cadet branches of the House of Glücksburg. (gcl)

[theopulenthq]

The Accused - Mini Plot Drop 2

With the interrogations underway and weeks counting down until The Tribunal begins, an official dossier of the criminals accused has been released to the public. Up until this point, the criminals at hand had yet to be linked to their specific crimes. However, through the determination of litigators for the upcoming Tribunal, the below information has been uncovered:

Duke Gabriel Cuvelier (from France) - Age 62, former advisor to the French King, accused of ordering the hits against The King of Ethiopia & both Scottish rulers (and personally funding the assassinations). Refuses to give any information other than the simple statement - “It is not yet over.”

Duchess Adele Cuvelier (from France) - Age 59, wife to Duke Gabriel, Close comrade and confidante of Prime Minister Nicolette.  suspected of being the lead organizer of the reckoning attack at lal qila. May be responsible for a number of ordered hits.

Apolline Lefrancois (from France/now Florence) - Age 30, former lady-in-waiting to the Queen of France until marrying years ago & moving to Florence, suspected of being the assassin responsible for the death of the Dowager Queen of Ethiopia. Her husband cannot be located & their Florence residency seems abandoned, though signs show that the King of Norway (oldenburg) may have been held there for a time.

Sabino Montez (from unknown/believed to be Spain) - Age 55, a new cook for the royal Ortiz court, arrested upon arrival in Brazil. Accused of the poisoning & murder of Queen Martina Bonaparte, evidence of correspondence with both French & German rebellion leaders, and evidence of involvement in the reckoning. Is a known loyalist of the Ortiz reign and has been suggested to have ties with the French rebellion leaders.

Takuda Toshiko (from Japan/Hong Kong) - Age 32, distant cousin to Emperor Kaito, suspected of involvement in the assassination of the former German King (pre-Elias reign), believed to be the assassin. Former resident of Hong Kong and known dinner guest of the Viceregal. Evidence points to a spy in the Japanese court still working for Takuda due to recent correspondence written in extensive code from the Toshiko court.

Madhavan Parkash (from India) - Age 40, former financial advisor to the Empresses of India, evidence romantically links them  to 1 or more of the Empress’ lovers, suspected to have been behind the poisoning of the Sharma line. Possible involvement in the attack on Thailand’s heirs based on correspondence with Madagascar.

Rishabh Sundar (from India) - Age 29, evidence found to associate them with Takuda Toshiko, believed they are in a relationship. Suspected involvement in the attacks on Germany, may have been involved in the German Tribunal tampering with evidence.

Peter Herrmann (from Germany and/or Scotland) - Age 51, former groundskeeper for the Stuart's in Scotland, had been working in Germany once more before the attack on the Scottish rulers, evidence suggests they were largely involved in the reckoning. Likely to  have been involved in both Scotland’s & Germany’s tragedies. 

Lao Patalung  (From Thailand/now Madagascar possibly): Age 62, former governess to the Thai King & sibling as children. New evidence places them as the last person to visit the deceased heir’s nursery before their untimely passing. Recent ledgers show payments from the Rakotoson’s accounts into their personal accounts, and evidence supports their residency in Madagascar for the last year. 

Pascal Rakotoson  (From Madagascar): Age 43, Former royal advisor to King Mendrika & the Ratsifi family until banished for the misuse of the royal bank. Since their banishment, Pascal was sighted in both Thailand and Japan courts at the time of attack on their royal families, and is believed to be involved in both.

Kaiden Nelson (From Cardiff): Age 22, soldier for the Scottish army and trained under Commander Cailean for a time. Has since  turned into the “golden boy” of the Scottish rebellion. Evidence found of large sums paid to foreign mercenaries, tied directly to the death of the King and Queen of Scotland. 

Meryem Aydin (From Turkey/now China): Age 68, Long-time mistress to the former Sultan of Turkey (pre-Rahmi’s reign) and figurehead of Turkish court. Disappeared shortly after Rahmi’s trial began, only to reinvent herself under a false name in Chinese court. Confessed to falsifying evidence against Shah Khan of Persia to spearhead the order of his death. However, her confession appears too convenient to be trusted. 

While some mysteries remain, including why they had gathered in Russia & what they were planning there, the information in the report is generally considered to be believed, though some may know that not all accusations are true…

OOC INFO

Feel free to headcanon connections your characters have to the npcs, but please just let the admin team know of any significant connection so it be used for future drops!

If you want to be included in a larger plot, have any ideas for the npcs, or want to discuss ideas on mini plot drops related to new, member-driven information, reach out and let’s talk! 

If your character has a secret related to the reckoning you want to play with or have revealed, please reach out so we can link an npc to your character. We are very open to suggestions for progression if you have ideas!

As always, these mini plot drops are entirely designed to be interacted with at your own pace! If your character is not politically inclined nor following closely the tribunal, that is perfectly fine! This is purely to provide character building & contextual information for those who enjoy this type of gameplay.

Enjoy!

[gloriousncss]

Task 004: Victoria Oldenburg's Wardrobe

How important is fashion and staying current trends to your character?

Victoria doesn't see that much of the world, so she doesn't have a very strong rasp on what the fashion trends are. The only access she might have are the dresses her mother would bring for her.

What colors does your character typically wear? Why do they choose that particular color?

Victoria typically wears soft blues and royal blue tones. Not only is that indicative of the Norwegian sea, but it's a safe primary color that is romantic, melancholy, and whimsical all at the same time.

Does your character like to wear a lot of embellishments? Or do they keep it more simple?

Despite having a personality as tall as the clouds, she's not very tall and, therefore, would be swallowed up whole by a lot of big adornments. She tends to be dressed in simple fabrics with very small details on them. For example, bows in her hair, a singular butterfly embellishment on her dress, or gowns made with small flower print fabrics.

What does your character wear when they go to balls and social gatherings?

Social gatherings and balls are a very special thing for her right now, since she wasn't permitted to attend until her parents became absent from her life, so Victoria wants to feel absolutely magical in whatever she wears, because it emulates her novel fantasies coming to life. She's more inclined to request dresses with shine, sparkle, larger skirts, tiaras, silver shoes, etc.

What does your character wear in their day-to-day life?

Dresses that are more simplistic with a hint of detail, and sometimes even shorter on her hems so she can walk around freely without worrying about tripping. She'll usually wear more secure lace up flat shoe that is more of that simplistic style as well so her jewels don't get caught in anything she should walk around near. She's both whimsical and functional in her day to day life.

How does your character style their hair?

She likes it down as much as possible, but curled, so she looks like a fairy tale character. So often she puts herself down, thinking that her sheltered life stems from the idea that she's actually an embarrassment and she's not good enough to be out in society. Now that she is out and about more often, her hair is down and luxurious and decorated with little accents so she can look as perfect as possible. That's what really makes her so excited about socializing now.

What shoes does your character usually wear?

Flat shoes, for the most part, purely because heels are super uncomfortable. She may experiment with them more as she starts to interact with people and comes head-to-head with her insecurities a bit more.

Does your character like to wear jewelry or any other accessories?

Mostly hair accessories, but necklaces, bracelets, and earrings are a sensory thing for her, she tends to feel like she's being choked by necklaces if they are too close to her neck, feels like earrings could hurt her ears, or that bracelets will fall off.

What does your character wear to sleep?

Her nightgowns are the most extravagant things because of how much Victoria values dreaming and imagination. Sleep, being the gateway to dreaming and escaping, means that her nightgowns are very important to her. She'll wear either very soft silk nightgowns or something very fluffy and light like a cloud.

[tiny-librarian]

Royal Birthdays for today, December 21st

Amalia of Oldenburg, Queen of Greece, 1818

Therese of Saxe-Altenburg, Duchess of Dalarna, 1836

Irina Pavlovna Paley, Russian Royal, 1903

[stoneyriverfarm]

We are excited to welcome “MV Royal Respite” to our training program! “Onyx” is a 10yo dutch warmblood/oldenburg cross mare who is experienced in dressage and now learning jumping.

This mare is out of “TS Interlude” and by “MV Royal Blue”. She is newly registered with the @equilibertysims Warmblood Association.

[umitvar]

{ alisha boe, 28, demi female, she/them } we are so glad to see you safe, CROWN PRINCESS ANETTE OLDENBURG of NORWAY! it’s dangerous out in the world these days, but i hear that you are SHARP and OBSERVANT enough to handle it. just don’t let your DETACHEDNESS bring you down! stay on your guard, because with your secret being at risk for exposure, you wouldn’t want everyone to find out YOU ARE A HIDDEN BENEFACTOR, SECRETLY PAYING OTHERS TO LEARN SECRETS.

BIOGRAPHY

you are quiet. you are a pair of eyes always watching, taking every little detail in. information is everything to you, for you cannot afford to get caught unprepared a second time.

you take in the threads on the clothes of the ambassador sent to your attention, the state of the paper that's held in their calloused hands. how the sigil is pressed onto the paper, wax having dripped and then dried down.

you watch the maids that come and leave, the cooks, the guards. you do what you must do with calculated ease and decorum, yet in your head, you calculate the next move. when to push your bishop, and when to protect your king.

you wait for your rightful place on the throne. it is coming. you will do what you must to be prepared for everything and more. this is what you were born for, and you believe you deserve it. you deserve to rule, and you will do it well.

-

anette is the oldest child of the oldenburg family, born and raised as a royal through and through. many call her the perfect example of a princess, and many others, when not within her earshot, liken her to an emotionless statue. there are more colorful terms that have reached her ears, but she carefully listens. not the one to act out at the simplest glimpse of disrespect, she calculates, thinking of a step ahead. from a young age, anette is taught that this is a cutthroat world, and for a while, she is arrogant enough to believe she is prepared for it all.

until — her father disappears. leaving behind that god-awful letter that throws everything off balance. for the first time, anette has trouble schooling her expression. asks everyone to leave, with only the most trusted ones left behind. she reads it, over and over again. then once more. mulls over it in the middle of the night, in the morning, trying to find a secret message, anything to make some sort of sense out of it. she can't. something bitter swims in her stomach, and she tries to push down the worry she feels for her father. thinking he must have planned for all of this. and that he never thought to tell her at all.

it's up to her to sort out this mess, and it's all a very precarious game of tightrope. in the past three years, she has managed to set out an intelligence network of her own. paying those with specific sets of skills, for more knowledge, and for more secrets. her quiet eyes also watch a figure, and anette's reason for her sponsorship lies less with her agenda to rise to the throne, but how she is so intrigued by her person. she keeps this close to her heart, and pretends she has nothing to do with it all.

information keeps flowing in. the news of her father returning reaches her ears — and for the second time, it is quite the shock. her advisors tell her that maybe, she will get the answers she needs. beneath the hurt, there is worry, and relief — and then the reality of all that happened hits. she does not trust her advisors in this very instance. deep down, anette has an inkling this is going to make everything more complicated.

[scotianostra]

On 8th September 1468 King Christian I contracted the marriage of his only daughter Margaret Oldenburg, Princess of Denmark to James III.

The marriage ended up with The Northern Isles of Shetland and The Orkneys being ceded to Scotland.

After Norway was peaceably united with Denmark under King Christian I – his Oldenburg dynasty is still on the Danish throne – in 1450, he concentrated on building his empire in Scandinavia and seems to have had little time for his westernmost provinces of Orkney and Shetland. Christian also did not want any further warring with the Scots, and in 1468 a dynastic marriage was arranged between his 12-year-old daughter Margaret and James III – who had been on the throne since 1460 but who was still only 16 or 17. They married at The Palace of Holyrood House Abbey in 1469, a year after the signing of the Treaty of Copenhagen – sealing the friendship between Denmark/Norway and Scotland.

By that treaty, Margaret of Denmark’s dowry included the cancellation of debts allegedly owed by Scotland but most importantly King Christian offered 60,000 guilders or Rhenish Florins to James, with a mortgage secured on Orkney and Shetland. The first payment was due immediately after the marriage, but Christian was short of currency and the payment was not made. It seems he really did want shot of the islands ordered his subjects there to pay their taxes to the King of Scots until he could pay the redemption money. He never did pay up and effectively handed over the islands to Scotland.

James III also made it clear that he wanted the islands, and in 1470 he "persuaded" the Earl of Orkney, William Sinclair, to sign over his earldom to the king himself in return for some lands in Fife that included Ravenscraig Castle.

Now as Earl of Orkney – King Christian did not object – all that remained for James to do was to get the Scottish Parliament to formalise the annexation, and that finally happened in February 550 years ago.

The Shetland Museum and Archives website described what happened next:

“[James] promised that they shouldn’t be given away in time to come to anyone, except one of the king’s legitimate sons. His plan was that the islands should be governed by the Scottish crown, and administered on the king’s behalf by his own governors and tax-collectors – while leaving open the possibility that they might be gifted to a respectable nobleman sometime in the future. So in August the same year James appointed the bishop of Orkney, Andrew Pictoris, as his agent in Orkney and Shetland. King Christian didn’t complain.

“And something else happened, again in 1472, that was equally far-reaching. Six months after the annexation Pope Sixtus VI created an archbishopric in Scotland, based at St Andrews. He attached the bishopric of Orkney to it. At a stroke the ecclesiastical affairs of Orkney and Shetland had been taken over by the church in Scotland, just as their royal administration had been.”

Many nobles in Denmark and Norway were upset at King Christian for letting Orkney and Shetland go, and his successors King Hans and King Christian II were put under pressure to renounce the Treaty and take possession of the islands once again. They found excuses not to do so with Christian II being particularly hypocritical as he wrote to the islanders in 1514 that they were rightly under the crown of Norway despite being “pawned” to Scotland. It wasn’t until the 1660s that Denmark stopped claiming the islands.

For many decades Orkney and Shetland kept their own distinctly Norse polity, the islands have been part of Scotland since February 472, but the foundations for that were laid on this day in 1468.

The first pic is Christian I.