#NaturalGas

[bleistiftung]

[energy-5]

From Extraction to Usage: The Lifecycle of Natural Gas

The journey of natural gas from the depths of the earth to the blue flames on a stove is a complex and multifaceted process. As a fossil fuel, natural gas plays a pivotal role in the global energy supply, accounting for approximately 24% of global energy consumption. This narrative will traverse through the lifecycle of natural gas, highlighting the intricacies involved in its extraction, processing, transportation, and usage, as well as its environmental and economic impacts.

Extraction and Production:

Natural gas extraction begins with geological surveys to identify promising reserves, followed by drilling either on land or offshore. In 2022, the United States, one of the largest producers, extracted approximately 99.6 billion cubic feet per day. The extraction often employs techniques like hydraulic fracturing, which alone contributed to around 67% of the total U.S. natural gas output in 2018. The extracted gas, containing various hydrocarbons and impurities, requires substantial processing to meet commercial quality standards.

Processing and Purification:

Once extracted, natural gas undergoes several processing steps to remove water vapor, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and other contaminants. This purification is essential not only for safety and environmental reasons but also to increase the energy efficiency of the gas. Processing plants across the globe refine thousands of cubic feet of raw gas each day, ensuring that the final product delivered is almost pure methane, which is efficient for burning and less polluting than unprocessed gas.

Transportation:

Transporting natural gas involves an expansive network of pipelines covering over a million miles in the United States alone. In regions where pipeline infrastructure is not feasible, liquified natural gas (LNG) provides an alternative. LNG exports from the U.S. reached record highs in 2022, with approximately 10.6 billion cubic feet per day being shipped to international markets. LNG carriers and storage facilities are integral to this global trade, making natural gas accessible worldwide.

Storage:

Strategic storage ensures that natural gas can meet fluctuating demands, particularly during peak usage periods. Underground storage facilities can hold vast quantities; for instance, the U.S. can store approximately 4 trillion cubic feet of gas, helping to manage supply and stabilize prices. These reserves play a critical role in energy security and in buffering any unexpected disruptions in supply.

Distribution:

Natural gas distribution is the final leg before reaching end-users. Companies manage complex distribution networks to deliver gas to industrial facilities, power plants, commercial establishments, and residences. The U.S. alone has over 2 million miles of distribution pipelines, ensuring that natural gas accounts for nearly 30% of the country’s electricity generation and heating for about half of American homes.

Usage and Consumption:

The versatility of natural gas makes it a preferred source for heating, cooking, electricity generation, and even as a feedstock for producing plastics and chemicals. In the residential sector, an average American home might consume about 200 cubic feet per day for heating and cooking. For electricity, combined-cycle gas turbine plants convert natural gas into electricity with more than 60% efficiency, significantly higher than other fossil-fueled power plants.

Environmental Considerations and Future Prospects:

While natural gas burns cleaner than coal, releasing up to 60% less CO2 for the same energy output, it is not without environmental challenges. Methane, a potent greenhouse gas, can escape during various stages of the natural gas lifecycle. However, advances in technology and regulatory measures aim to mitigate these emissions. As the world leans towards a lower-carbon future, the role of natural gas is pivotal, with investments in carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies and the potential integration with renewable energy sources.

[chemanalyst]

[sutrala]

Oh, the irony: Natural gas is the real MVP for AI and data centers – green energy can’t hack it http://dlvr.it/TGv9gs

[oilgasenergymagazine]

Japan Aims for 50% Renewable Energy by 2040 in Revised Energy Policy

Source: downtoearth.org.in

Category: News

  

Japan’s Renewed Push for Clean Energy

Japan energy policy has set an ambitious target to make renewable energy account for 40-50% of its power supply by fiscal year 2040, according to a draft of its updated energy policy. The plan also outlines a significant role for nuclear energy, which is expected to provide around 20% of the country’s electricity. This clean energy push comes as Japan faces rising power demands and increasing global attention due to its reliance on imported liquefied natural gas (LNG) and Middle Eastern oil.

Currently, thermal power dominates Japan’s electricity mix, making up 68.6% in 2023. However, the draft policy projects a sharp decrease in the use of inefficient coal-fired plants, reducing thermal power’s share to 30-40% by 2040. While it does not specify the proportion of coal, gas, and oil, the document emphasizes the importance of LNG as a transitional power source. It highlights the need for long-term LNG contracts to mitigate supply risks and price fluctuations, which could arise due to geopolitical tensions.

Nuclear Power and Energy Security

Nuclear energy, once marginalized following the 2011 Fukushima disaster, is set for a revival under Japan’s new energy blueprint. The draft policy maintains the 2030 nuclear target of 20-22%, aligning it with 2040 projections. This marks a shift from earlier policies that prioritized reducing reliance on nuclear power. Instead, Japan now plans to invest in next-generation reactors to replace decommissioned plants, reflecting a renewed focus on nuclear technology.

Japan energy policy change comes amidst growing concerns over energy security, driven by global geopolitical events such as the Russia-Ukraine war. While the previous energy strategy centered on decarbonization, the new approach strikes a balance between clean energy goals and ensuring a stable power supply. Provisional forecasts predict electricity demand will rise by 12-22% from current levels by 2040, further necessitating a diversified energy mix.

Path to Net Zero and Future Challenges

Japan’s updated energy roadmap marks a critical step toward achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. However, unlike earlier plans, the revised policy omits specific targets for emerging fuels like hydrogen and ammonia. These fuels were initially projected to contribute about 1% of the energy mix by 2030, but their role in the updated policy remains unclear.

In addition to the energy draft, a joint strategy from Japan’s industry and environment ministries proposes cutting greenhouse gas emissions by 60% by 2035 and 73% by 2040. These targets form part of a linear pathway to net-zero emissions by 2050. The finalized energy policy, expected in February, will provide more clarity and be submitted to the United Nations.

Japan energy policy reflects its balancing act between meeting environmental goals, ensuring energy security, and addressing rising power needs. While ambitious, the success of these targets will hinge on technological advancements, public acceptance of nuclear power, and global energy market stability.

[veetechnologies-engineering]

Oil and Gas - Vee Technologies

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Explore more: https://www.veetechnologies.com/industries/engineering-services-and-solutions/oil-and-gas.htm

[cambcurrencies]

US Market Update: FOMC Minutes and Currency Movements

Market Comment – Tuesday, 26 November 2024 Markets remain steady today as traders await US data, including the Housing Price Index, Consumer Confidence for November, and New Home Sales data. Additionally, the FOMC Minutes release later today will provide further clues on the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy stance. Energy markets are seeing modest gains in crude oil, while natural gas prices…

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[farademetre]

Can the Surging Cost of Natural Gas Be Stopped?

In addition to the record-high prices drivers are paying at the gas pump, utility rates are now expected to rise during a period of low natural gas supplies.

[hvacparts02]

Carrier EF32CW035 Water Column 24V 3.2 Inch Natural Gas Valve 1/2 Inch | PartsHnC

The Carrier EF32CW035 Water Column is a safety device crucial for Carrier gas furnaces burning natural gas. Typically a compact component around 1/2 inch in diameter and weighing roughly 1.44 lbs, it monitors the pressure difference between the flue gases and the surrounding environment. By acting like a switch, it ensures safe exhaust venting. 

[sutrala]

ExxonMobil, Chevron to build natural gas-fueled power plants to power Big Tech’s AI data centers http://dlvr.it/TGnvZH

[oilgasenergymagazine]

Safety in Offshore Oil and Gas Drilling

Source: Image by chitsanupong's Images

Category: Chemicals and Materials, Upstream, Exploration & Production (E&P)

  

Offshore oil and gas drilling plays a critical role in meeting the world’s energy demands. As exploration and extraction activities expand into deeper waters and more challenging environments, ensuring safety in offshore oil and gas drilling has become increasingly vital. The industry is under constant scrutiny due to past incidents and environmental concerns, making it essential to implement robust safety measures. This article explores the importance of safety in offshore oil and gas drilling, highlighting key practices, technologies, and regulations that contribute to risk mitigation.

Understanding the Risks of Offshore Drilling

Offshore drilling involves significant risks that can affect workers, marine ecosystems, and surrounding communities. These risks include equipment failures, human errors, natural disasters, and environmental hazards such as oil spills. The consequences of these incidents can be catastrophic, leading to loss of life, long-term environmental damage, and substantial financial losses for companies involved.

To address these challenges, the industry must prioritize safety in offshore oil and gas drilling through a comprehensive approach that incorporates advanced technologies, rigorous training programs, and strict adherence to regulations.

Key Safety Practices in Offshore Oil and Gas Drilling

https://oilgasenergymagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/23.1-Key-Safety-Practices-in-Offshore-Oil-and-Gas-Drilling-Image-by-bashta-from-Getty-Images.jpg

1. Risk Assessment and Management

Effective risk assessment is the cornerstone of safety in offshore oil and gas drilling. Operators must identify potential hazards and evaluate the likelihood and impact of these risks. This involves conducting regular safety audits, using risk assessment tools, and maintaining clear communication among all stakeholders. By prioritizing proactive risk management, companies can develop strategies to mitigate risks before they escalate.

2. Comprehensive Training Programs

Training is critical in ensuring that personnel are well-prepared to handle the unique challenges of offshore drilling. Comprehensive training programs should cover safety protocols, emergency response procedures, and the use of safety equipment. Continuous training ensures that all workers, including new hires, are familiar with the latest safety practices and technologies. Simulation-based training, which mimics real-life scenarios, can be particularly effective in preparing personnel for emergencies.

3. Adoption of Advanced Technologies

Technology plays a vital role in enhancing safety in offshore oil and gas drilling. Advanced drilling techniques, such as remote-operated vehicles (ROVs) and automated drilling systems, can reduce human intervention in high-risk situations. Additionally, real-time monitoring systems enable operators to track equipment performance and detect anomalies before they lead to accidents. These technologies not only improve safety but also increase operational efficiency.

4. Emergency Response Plans

Preparedness for emergencies is crucial in offshore oil and gas drilling operations. Companies must develop and regularly update comprehensive emergency response plans that outline procedures for various scenarios, such as oil spills, equipment failures, and severe weather events. These plans should include designated roles for personnel, communication protocols, and evacuation procedures. Conducting regular drills helps ensure that everyone knows their responsibilities and can respond effectively in a crisis.

5. Environmental Protection Measures

Environmental considerations are a significant aspect of safety in offshore oil and gas drilling. Operators must implement measures to minimize the environmental impact of their activities. This includes conducting environmental impact assessments (EIAs) before drilling, using blowout preventers (BOPs) to control well pressure, and adhering to best practices for waste management. By prioritizing environmental protection, companies not only safeguard marine ecosystems but also protect their reputation and long-term viability.

Regulatory Framework and Compliance

The offshore oil and gas industry is subject to stringent regulations aimed at ensuring safety and environmental protection. Various national and international organizations, such as the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE), establish guidelines that operators must follow.

Compliance with these regulations is crucial for maintaining safety in offshore oil and gas drilling. Companies should regularly review their practices to ensure adherence to evolving regulations and industry standards. Non-compliance can result in hefty fines, legal liabilities, and reputational damage, underscoring the importance of a robust compliance program.

The Role of Culture in Safety

Fostering a safety-oriented culture within organizations is essential for enhancing safety in offshore oil and gas drilling. This culture should promote open communication, accountability, and continuous improvement. Leadership must prioritize safety as a core value and encourage employees to report safety concerns without fear of retaliation. Recognizing and rewarding safe behavior can further reinforce this culture, motivating employees to prioritize safety in their daily tasks.

Conclusion

Safety in offshore oil and gas drilling is a multifaceted challenge that requires a proactive and comprehensive approach. By implementing effective risk management strategies, investing in training and technology, and adhering to regulations, companies can significantly enhance safety and reduce the risk of accidents. A culture of safety, combined with robust emergency response plans and environmental protection measures, is crucial in navigating the complexities of offshore drilling operations.

As the demand for energy continues to rise, the offshore oil and gas industry must remain vigilant in prioritizing safety. By doing so, they not only protect their workers and the environment but also ensure the long-term sustainability of their operations in an increasingly competitive global market.

[usapoolshopseo]

Raypak 003898F MV Slow Open Natural Gas Valve 3/4

The Raypak 003898F is a 3/4" millivolt pool heater combination valve designed for natural gas systems. This gas valve regulates the flow of natural gas to the pool heater, ensuring efficient and reliable operation. Its millivolt system operates without external power, making it ideal for pool heating applications where electrical connections might be limited or unavailable. The valve's slow-open design helps to control the rate at which gas flows into the burner, reducing the risk of sudden pressure changes and enhancing the safety and longevity of the heater. With a compact size the Raypak 003898F is easy to install and integrate into existing pool heating systems. By maintaining consistent gas flow and providing precise control, this valve improves the efficiency of the pool heater, ensuring a stable and comfortable pool temperature while minimizing energy consumption and operational costs.

[cambcurrencies]

BoE & ECB Speeches, and Energy Trends Driving Markets

Market Comment: November 25, 2024 This Monday, markets opened with a flurry of data releases and notable price movements across major asset classes. The German IFO Business Climate Index, Current Assessment, and Expectations are set for release, providing fresh insights into Eurozone sentiment. Key speeches from ECB’s Lane and German Bundesbank President Nagel are expected later. Energy prices…

[ilearnedthistodaysblog]

#1090 Why do they add a smell to gas?

Why do they add a smell to gas? Gas companies add an additive called mercaptan to natural gas so that people can smell it in the event of a gas leak. The natural gas we use to cook with or to heat our houses and our water doesn’t smell of anything. Natural gas contains many different compounds, but the largest component of natural gas is methane and methane doesn’t smell of anything. Some gases have a very strong smell and some gases don’t smell of anything. This all comes down to our ability to smell and not the gas itself. We have odor receptors in our noses and we are only able to smell molecules that can attach to these odor receptors. Methane is a very light gas and it does not attach to the odor receptors. Research has shown that we are generally able to smell gases that are 15 times heavier than hydrogen and we are unable to smell gases that are lighter. One of the reasons for this could be evolution. Many of the gases that we think smell bad are a signal to us that the source of them is toxic, such as a decaying body, or an open sewer. We might have evolved to be able to smell these gases to keep us safe. What actually is “natural” gas? Isn’t all gas natural? Natural gas was named in the 1800s and it was called “natural” gas to distinguish it from coal gas, which was made by heating coal. Natural gas came out of the ground naturally and coal gas had to be manufactured. After a while, we pretty much stopped using coal gas and natural gas was the only one left, but the name stuck. These days, a lot of people think the name should be changed because “natural” makes it sound as though the gas is safe, but it is still a fossil fuel and is a huge contributor to climate change. Natural gas is formed in the same way as oil. Millions of years ago, plants and animals died and sank to the bottom of the sea. They became buried under sand, dirt, and rock, and the pressure and heat began to build up. Over millions of years, the pressure squashed all of this organic material and left coal or oil. When coal and oil are formed, gas is also released. Oil and coal tend to stay where they are, unless they are drive upwards by the moving plates and seismic activity. Gas is often found with the coal and oil, but, because it is lighter, it rises up and gets trapped in pores and pockets in the ground. When the gas comes out of the ground it is called wet natural gas because it contains a lot of compounds, including water vapor. It is sent to a processing plant to have most of these removed before it is shipped or piped for use. Natural gas has many uses, such as power generation or cooking at home, because it is highly flammable. This is the reason why an odor has been added to it. Because natural gas is colorless and odorless, if there is a leak in a gas pipe, it can build up to dangerous levels and nobody will be able to see it or smell it. When the gas has reached a high enough density, any ignition source can cause it to combust explosively. This is what happened in the New London School in 1937. An odor has first been given to gas in Germany in the 1880s, but it didn’t catch on because it was time consuming and natural gas wasn’t as widespread as it became. It took the New London School disaster to make it go worldwide. The New London School was a school in Texas, USA. The school was built in 1932, which was right in the middle of the Great Depression, but the town it was in was wealthy due to oil discoveries. With the huge quantities of oil discovered were obviously huge quantities of natural gas. The architects of the school wanted to fit a boiler to heat it, but the school board overrode the architect and went for 72 gas powered heaters throughout the building. Gas leaked out of some of the pipes and steadily built up in the basement under the school. There was no way of detecting the buildup, although many students had complained of headaches. On March 18th, 1937, a teacher turned on an electric sander which ignited the gas. The school was destroyed and 300 teachers and students were killed. A lot of changes were made in the aftermath of this disaster, but the largest one that remains with us was the decision to add an additive to the natural gas so that people could smell it. A compound called mercaptan was added to the gas straight away. It has a very strong sulfurous smell, like rotten eggs. We have evolved to be able to smell sulfur for the reasons I mentioned earlier. Sulfur sends us a strong warning signal. Once the US began to add an odor to gas, it very quickly spread around the world. The odor is added by having tanks of mercaptan at the processing plant. Each tank is attached to a pipe and they drop drops of the chemical into the gas as it flows past along the pipes. That is enough to give it its odor. And this is what I learned today.  Photo by Pixabay: https://www.pexels.com/photo/burning-stove-266896/ Sources https://www.thenakedscientists.com/articles/questions/why-can-you-smell-some-gases-not-others https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/buk2yo/eli5_why_do_some_gasses_have_an_odour_while/ https://indianapublicmedia.org/amomentofscience/gas-odorless.php https://www.peoples-gas.com/all-about-gas/safety/smell https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_London_School_explosion https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas Read the full article

[partsfe11]

Pitco 60130905 Natural Gas 1/4" CCT Pilot Burner | PartsFe Canada

Order Pitco 60130905 Natural Gas 1/4" CCT Pilot Burner today! Shop Restaurant Equipment Parts & Accessories at PartsFe Canada with same-day shipping, available at the best prices.