#Narbonne city

[eurotriptour]

Narbonne Town Tour Guide, Distance, Attractions & Weather France Destination

About Narbonne Town destination: Narbonne city is a famous tourist destination which is located in southern of the France country. Narbonne city is placed in Occitania Region of the France country. It is a good destination to do many types of the water sports activities in summer season where has many beautiful beaches to spend time.

Narbonne city is a well place to spend time where also has several modern places to enjoy time such as theme parks, water parks, city parks, amusement parks, notable streets to shopping memorable gifts and eat delicious foods. New Zealand tour travel booking, Japan tour travel and Switzerland tour travel booking.

How can come to Narbonne Town: The town is placed in southern of the France country. Narbonne city / town is very good connected to other France regional places and other European countries via air, water, train and road transport. Other countries people can come to town via air and water transport which nearest international seaport and airport is placed in Sete port city.

Air Transport: Beziers Cap d'Agde Airport is a regional airport where passengers can get domestic air flights to domestic places of the France country.

Montpellier-Mediterranee Airport is a nearest international airport where people can get air transport services to other countries.

Train Transport: Narbonne Train station is the main railway station of the city where passengers can get trains to other remote and local places of the France country.

Water Transport: Sete is a nearest port city where people can get water transport services to other countries and France other coastal places.

Road Transport: Narbonne city is very well connected to other remote and local places of the France country via modern road transport network.

Distance from Narbonne Town: Narbonne is a costal Town which is very good connected to other France regional destinations via train, road, air and water transport.

Narbonne Town / City is exact 35.9 KM distance from Beziers city.

Narbonne Town / City is exact 97.1 KM distance from Montpellier city.

Narbonne Town / City is exact 256.3 KM distance from Marseille city.

Narbonne Town / City is exact 321.9 KM distance from Toulon city.

Narbonne Town / City is exact 158.9 KM distance from Toulouse city.

Narbonne Town / City is exact 394.9 KM distance from Bordeaux city.

Narbonne Town / City is exact 415.0 KM distance from Nice city.

Narbonne Town / City is exact 788.0 KM distance from Paris city.

Narbonne Town tourists attractions: Near of the Narbonne Town has some natural, modern and historical places to visit which some are Parc naturel regional des Pyrenees Ariegeoises - Country park, Haut-Languedoc Regional Natural Park, Parc naturel regional des Grands Causses - National park, Regional Park of the Catalan Pyrenees - Country park, Narbonnaise en Mediterranee Natural Regional Park, Chateau de Peyrepertuse - Castle, Arques Castle, Narbonnaise en Mediterranee Natural Regional Park, FLYZONE - Recreation center, Chalets Beach, Beach Mateille, Chapelle Notre-Dame-des-Auzils, Aquajet - Water park, Amphoralis - Archaeological museum, Plage Grande Cosse, Le Serignan Plage - Campground, Narbo Via museum - Archaeological museum, INDOOR Center - Sports complex, Chateau de Saint-Pierre-des-Clars - Castle, The birthplace of Charles Trenet - Museum, Roman Granary Museum, Intermarche SUPER - Supermarket etc.

Narbonne Town famous Restaurants & accommodations: Narbonne Town has many luxury and affordable types hotels to stay in Town. Narbonne Town some popular restaurants are GAIA - Restaurant, Enjoy Tacos - Fast food restaurant, Hotel Du Midi - 2-star tourist hotel, One Tacos - Fast food restaurant, La Maisonnette Narbonnaise - Non smoking holiday home, Pizza Mongelli - Pizza restaurant, Hotel Le Mosaique - 4-star tourist hotel, Le Patio En Ville, Le C Boutique Hotel - 4-star tourist hotel, Restaurant Dolce Italia - Italian restaurant, L'Ecailler Gourmet - French restaurant, International Living Center, Pizza les deux freres - Pizza takeaway, Maison de la famille - Lodging, The Bakehouse From Gilles - Bakery and Cake Shop, Buffalo Grill Narbonne Est - Restaurant, La Source - Restaurant, Burger King - Fast food restaurant, McDonald's - Fast food restaurant, Courtepaille - French steakhouse restaurant, ibis budget Narbonne Est - 2-star tourist hotel, Gite Chantelauze Narbonne - Domaine St Etienne hotel etc.

[miffy-junot]

Junot, Laure and Caroline rpf, chapter 7

This is from a 1904 fiction book, it does not necessarily reflect real history, disclaimers etc.

'When Madame Junot established her elaborate household for the winter in the palace in the Champs-Elysees, she naturally had had many calls to pay and to receive. Some of her experiences away from home have been related, and in the meantime everything in her own home went on as usual. Every morning after breakfast she received her daily visitors — Count Louis de Narboune, Madame de Zayonscheck, and a few others of her most intimate friends. Every evening, as the Governor’s wife, she kept open house, where there would be found, besides friends and acquaintances, nearly all of the foreigners of note who were spending the winter in Paris — German noblemen, Dutch magnates, Polish gentlemen, Italians, Spaniards, and always the Portuguese, who still called Madame Junot their "Ambassadress.” Besides, there was one special day in the week for Junot’s card club — the same club that used to gather at Talleyrand’s — and another for the more official reception, where the officers of the garrison and the dignitaries of the city, with their ladies, paid their respects to the Governor’s wife in a never-ending procession. Hospitality had become so habitual to Madame Junot that its demands did not bother her at all — not even under present circumstances. She was by nature a grande dame, and, by force of circumstances, she was pushed to the front of this noisy, ever-changing cosmopolitan society which had now begun in Paris. Under the kings, Paris had been but a provincial town in comparison with what it had developed into under the Consulate and the Empire. Paris was then the centre of France, and France was the centre of the world. The Emperor wished everybody to be gay, although he and his staff were thankful for a bivouac in Osterode, or for a wooden house in Finkenstein. Whatever happened, he expected Paris to “astonish Europe,” and Madame Junot knew that his Majesty counted upon her to carry out the social functions on a scale "worthy of his good city, Paris.”

As “Turkomania ” was now the only redeeming thing in the current fashion, thanks to the Emperor’s alliance with Sultan Selim, she did not leave her divan on the grand reception nights, but arranged it as an Oriental ottoman with many-coloured silk cushions and a couvre-pied of gold lace. There she reclined evening after evening, her open silk jacket thrown over a loose India linen blouse. On her head was the inevitable turban, around which were twisted ropes of pearls — a real Queen of the Harem, but a la francaise. It was an evening in June; it was stifling hot in the large salon, with its colossal chandeliers, lighted candelabras, and wall-lamps. The windows opened on the Champs-Elysees; the mild evening air streamed in, laden with the perfume of the linden-tree that bloomed in the court.

Several of the guests had already withdrawn on account of the lateness of the hour; but Cardinal Maury and a few ladies — among whom was Madame Lannes — sat around the divan. They were still playing cards at a couple of tables in the adjoining salon. The Grand Duchess of Berg and Cleve was just finishing a game of whist with the Governor of Paris, Duke Aubusson de la Feullade, and Count de Narbonne. Through the door could be seen the Princess’ magnificent bust and the bowed heads of the gentlemen as they deftly handled their cards; their large, three-cornered hats were closely held under their arms. Once more the door was opened widely as the lackey announced, with loud voice: "His Highness the Prince Archchancellor!" Cambaceres stepped in. He looked exactly as he did when he voted for the King’s death, and as he did at Malmaison, when he dined outdoors with the First Consul, midst a deal of joking and good humor. His long face was just as serious as ever, and his long nose just as solemnly melancholy; his long chin buried itself with the same dignity in the lace cravat; he still powdered his hair and wore the silk waistcoat with embroidery, common at the time of the Directorate. He looked exactly like an official from one of the provinces. He walked solemnly up to Madame Junot, who tried to rise, and said, in his slow, drawling voice: “I beg you, madame, remain where you are.” He bent down and kissed her on both cheeks. Then the other guests courteously made room for his Highness, so that he might sit in a low chair at the side of the divan. He graciously accepted the pinch of snuff which Cardinal Maury offered him, and as he slowly lifted his fingers to his nose with a certain grace, he said, in his same slow way: "I have great news for you, madame.”

“Ah, your Highness, let me hear it right away! His Eminence has not been able to think of anything new for the last half hour.” "It has pleased his Majesty to create a new dignity and rank for his faithful warriors. He has decided to confer the order of Duke.” “On whom?" exclaimed all the ladies at once. Cambaceres sat with his hands on his stomach and twirled his thumbs. “Yes; now guess!” said he, phlegmatically. “Marshal Lannes, of course!” said Madame Junot, as she congratulatingly stretched her hand out to Madame Lannes. “No; that would be much too easy — a child could guess that ! No; his Majesty has made it more complicated." "But who in the world... Massena ? ...Duroc?" The Archchancellor shook his head. “Will no one ever guess it?” He looked around triumphantly. “Lefebvre! He is now the Duke of Danzig.”

Every one seemed surprised, and then they all burst out laughing. Even Cambaceres laughed, and the card-players, stopping their game and coming to the door, joined in the merriment. At that moment the double doors were opened again. “Madame Lefebvre!” announced the lackey. The lady measured the servant severely with her eyes as she passed him, her fat, red face rounder than usual, and her elbows well out, as though her arms were wings with which she were going to fly. This time Madame Junot arose and took a few steps to meet the Marechale, saying, with a smile: “May I be permitted to greet the Duchess of Danzig?" The new Duchess blinked at the Governor’s wife without answering; then, turning triumphantly to the forgetful lackey, who still held the door open, she glared at him: ‘'There now, my boy, don’t you feel ashamed of yourself!" At this sally — scarcely unexpected, for it was always the unexpected that happened whenever Madame Sans-Gene* appeared in public — at this sally a loud peal of laughter from the lips of all rang through the salon. Madame Junot laughed until the tears ran from her eyes, and, without asking the new Duchess to be seated, she threw herself on the divan, convulsed with laughter.

When the laughter seemed about to stop, and all were busy drying their eyes, a suppressed giggle or a mere glance was enough to cause it to break out again. They laughed that night at the Governor’s so that the echoes were heard all over the Champs-Elysees. Madame Lefebvre was flattered by this gaiety, which she never failed to provoke; for she settled down in an easy-chair which Junot had pushed toward her, and laughed just as heartily as the rest. Siiddenly a scream of pain cut through the laughter. Madame Junot tried to rise, tottered, and would have fallen had not her husband caught her. That was the end of the laughter, and the ladies looked anxiously at each other. “Certainly — that was it!”

"Send for Marchais and Baudelocque at once," commanded the Grand Duchess of Berg, as she vigorously pulled the bell-rope with her own hand. “I assure your Imperial Highness,” murmured Madame Junot, with a gesture, “it is over now…” Count Louis de Narbonne quickly filled a glass with deep red Burgundy from one of the decanters standing on a table. “Drink, Madame la gouvernante! If you never drank wine before, you must bid Junot’ s oldest son welcome to his home!” Madame Junot smilingly took the glass, which glittered like a ruby in the light, and, lifting it to her lips, gave it to her husband, who drained it in one draught. When she lifted her eyes again to his, she found them fastened upon her with fond emotion. ��Hurry up, Madame Junot!” said Madame Lefebvre, quietly, in her drawling tone, and in a dialect that always called forth a smile. "Hurry up, so that Cardinal Maury can come right in and baptise the boy — there are enough of us here for witnesses.” Good humor reigned again, and laughter went the rounds of the little company. Junot beamed with delight, but he scarcely took his eyes from his wife. Suddenly she clutched his arm convulsively. ‘‘It’s an impatient youngster, Junot,” cried Madame Lefebvre. “He is going to look like his father.” “Ah, but his mother is not known for her patience!” exclaimed Cardinal Maury. Junot, almost carrying his wife to her room, quite forgot, in his great anxiety, even to offer to escort the Grand Duchess to her carriage. Caroline, without seeming hurt, took the hand of Count de Narbonne, and allowed him to lead her forth, followed by his Highness the Archhancellor and Madame Lannes. But the rest of the company, not being so inclined, returned to cheer the anxious Junot, who was anything but heroic while witnessing the sufferings of his wife.

Madame Lefebvre, a clever and experienced woman, did all she could to reassure him, and said: ‘‘Now, look here, General! Be patient! Don’t hang over her in that manner! You quite unnerve the poor child, and make her unequal to her task." And with her strong red hands the Duchess of Danzig took him by the shoulders and pushed him out of the room. “Now look after him,” she called to the adjutants and to Count de Narbonne, who had just come in, “and don’t mix in our affairs; for the work that has to be done here requires none but women!" The newly made Duchess, removing her mantle, said to Marchais, as he entered the room: "Monsieur Marchais, what can you do for her ? Poor little dear ! You understand — the first boy — is a bad case.” “Let her get up and kiss all four bedposts while she thinks of the Holy Virgin; that scatters the pains,” suggested one of the ladies. “Goodness, how could you think of letting her get up! That would mean sure death for the child!” exclaimed another. “No, she shall have a rosary under her head; that is the only thing which helps.” The surgeon, Marchais, a little fellow with a large white apron over his knee-breeches, a huge diamond pin on his breast, and large, round glasses that kept slipping to the point of his nose, called, with loud voice: “My ladies! my ladies! You must either go or keep still; and as I consider the latter an absolute impossibility, then…” He opened the door for them to retire. “Yes, let us go!” said Madame Lefebvre, appreciating the situation, and snatching up her court mantle. “I believe it will be twins, Junot,” she said, knowingly, as she bade him good-night in the salon. “Now, brace up! Think how pleased the Emperor will be.”

The bedroom, though lighted by many candles, was dull and dark in its massiveness. On the high, broad bed Madame Junot lay like one dead — pale and immovable. To Junot, now entering the room and catching a glimpse of her there — so still, so white in the gleam of the candles — the sight was unbearable. A bitter cry of anguish rose to his lips as he fell on his knees beside the bed where lay the delicate form he loved so well. She opened her eyes and met his for only an instant. “If the pains would only come in earnest, I assure you that within half an hour you would hold the child in your arms,” said the surgeon, taking the Governor by the arm and leading him from the room. Through the corridors and up and down the stairs the servants were hurrying, intent on their errands; the lights burned brightly everywhere in the palace; and in the dressing-room Madame Lallemand was busy gathering together an infant’s outfit, while messengers were searching Paris for Dr. Baudelocque. Suddenly there rang in the ears of all a longdrawn, agonizing scream — the peculiar scream of pain and anguish which escapes from a woman’s lips only at the moment of birth... Then, at last, came the first faint cry of the young heir, and the adjutant who was stationed at the door announced: “Monseigneur has a son!”

When Junot, pale and worn, was permitted to enter the sacred presence, his eyes first sought his wife who lay exhausted, like a frightened dove, but in whose face shone all the glory of motherhood, with a beauty that drew from him the deepest reverence of his heart.** Their eyes met over the little head, so wrinkled and pink, that nestled on her bosom, and they both knew and understood at that moment that in spite of all missteps, misunderstandings, and troubles, they loved each other with the love that never dies; that for them there were no other ties in all the world in comparison to the strong, fresh, youthful love that there united them. She smiled at him, and there was a secret, jubilant victory in her smile that he alone understood. Cardinal Maury and Count Louis de Narbonne, who had been patiently waiting in the salon, now discreetly presented themselves at the door, and, at a faint nod from the young mother, they entered the room. At the same time Junot, quite beside himself with joy, said: ‘‘May I introduce to you the Emperor’s godson, my little Napoleon?” lifting the child high up in the air. “And you, my son, may I introduce to you the holy Gallican Church, and in this other gentleman the legitimate aristocracy of your country? Ha! — ‘legitimate ’ — he is as legitimate as any one — any one of the second generation after the Revolution or the Empire. Think of it, my dear Narbonne, as aristocrats the only difference between you and me is this: you are the scion, but I — I am the sire!”'***

*Catherine Hübscher, wife of Marshal Lefebvre, came from a lower class background and was known as "madame sans-gene" (madame without embarrassment) for her disregard of etiquette.

**Junot was actually on campaign in Portugal when his first son was born. It was indeed a very important and romantic moment for the couple, only it was communicated by letters rather than in person. For plot reasons I suppose, this book has Napoleon Junot born in autumn 1806 rather than autumn 1807.

***This is a famous saying of Junot's, most often recorded as "I am an ancestor" or "I am my own ancestor", however Napoleon Junot writes that the original quote was in the plural - "we are ancestors" - referring to the men of Napoleon's army in general rather than just himself.

[laliloon]

🗺️Creepypasta Nationality Headcanons:

+ their place of birth

Jeff the Killer: Salvadoran - La Palma, Chalatenango

Homicidal Lou: Salvadoran - La Palma, Chalatenango

Jane the Killer: Guatemalan-Salvadoran - San Salvador

BEN: American - Boston, Massachusetts

Eyeless Jack: Serbian-American - Augusta, Maine

Nina the Killer: Angolan-Brazilian - Brasilia

Laughing Jack: English - London

Laughing Jill: Scottish - Glasgow

Isaac Clement: English - London

Will Clement: Lithuanian-English - London

Frank the Undead: American - New York City, New York

Jason the Toymaker: French - Narbonne, Occitania

Sally: American - Dallas, Texas

Toby: German - Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg

Clockwork: Croatian - Dubrovnik, Dalmatia

Bloody Painter: Vietnamese - Ho Chi Minh City

Judge Angels: Italian-English - Sandy, Bedfordshire

The Puppeteer: Trinidadian - Chaguanas

Zero: Australian - Brisbane, Queensland

Nurse Ann: South African - Pretoria

The Dollmaker: Russian - St Petersburg

Kagekao: Japanese - Yokohama, Kantō

Candy Pop: Irish - Bonny Glen Woods, Donegal

Slenderman: No distinct nationality or ethnicity- The Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg

Zalgo: No distinct nationality or ethnicity - The Negev Desert

[docpiplup]

Third part of the bookscans of Al Andalus. Historical Figures, here's the previous part

Abd al-Aziz: a good governor with an unfortunate fate

When leaving for the East, Musa ben Nusayr left his son as his liutenant in Spania. Not only he had to conclude the conquest, but had to pacify those regions that, although they had already submitted to Islam, housed groups of resisters who could put in danger what has been achieved so far.

We have much less news about Abd al-Aziz than about his father, perhaps because he ruled the Peninsula for a short time, just two years before being murdered, but they all agree that he was a magnificent warrior and a skilled negotiator who preferred pact to armed struggle.

In the short period of time of his government it is almost certain that he carried out a victorious expedition in Portuguese lands, which earned him the conquest of Évora, Santarém and Coimbra, and following the instructions that his father left him, his generals continued with the conquest of Pamplona, and in the east, they occupied Tarragona, Barcelona, Girona and Narbonne. Abd al-Aziz took upon himself the responsibility of pacifying

some rebellious areas of eastern Andalusia and the Levant. He owes himself the conquest of Málaga and Elvira and the advance on lands of Murcia, at that time in the hands of a Visigoth nobleman, Teodomiro, vassal of the kingdom of Toledo, who ruled the region as a practically independent prince. And here we can see the negotiating spirit of Abd al-Aziz, who knew take good advantage of the pact he established with Teodomiro, Tudmir in Arabic, and the name by which it will henceforth be known the Murcian region.

The Christian count and the Muslim governor engaged conversations in which the second offered the first the maintenance of all his prerogatives, as count and as Christian, as well as total respect for his subjects, in exchange for the recognition of vassalage, the payment of an annual tribute and the delivery of seven strongholds, a delivery that would be carried out immediately.

Teodomiro, or Tudmir, must have weighed the pros and cons. The Christian kingdom of Toledo no longer existed, and it made no difference to be a vassal of the Goths as well as the Muslims. Without a doubt, too paid tributes to Rodrigo's monarchy and those that now Abd al-Aziz imposed were not too onerous... There was the matter of the seven strogholds, but it was better to give in on something that lose everything. The document signed between Teodomiro and the Muslim leader, one of the few treatises of this type that have come down to us, and it specifies that everyone, the count and his vassals, will preserve their religion and their churches, will maintain their rights of sovereignty and will not be bothered at any time, neither in their lives, nor in their estates,

as long as they comply with what is stipulated. And what was stipulated was the delivery of Orihuela, Baltana, Alacant, Mula, Villena, Lorca and Ello. The annual tribute consisted of one dinar in cash, four bushels of wheat and four of barley, four measures of new wine, four of vinegar, two of honey and two of oil. This tax was reduced by half for the slaves.

If we have detailed the characteristics of this treaty, it is because of its rarity. and because, according to Levy Provençal, it is the first document diplomat of Muslim Spain.

Abd al-Aziz married the widow of King Don Rodrigo, at least that is what several historians say. It seems that they met after the fall of Mérida, when the royal widow left the city with another group of captives. Some consider this wedding as a real love story, at least on the part of Abd al-Aziz, since it seems that he did not take another wife. The Arab chroniclers call her Ailo and the Christians Egilona. Some say that her husband allowed her to keep her religion, gesture that was very well received among the Mozarabs, and others say that converted to Islam and was renamed Umm'Asim, “the mother of Asim", as soon as the only son she had with Abd al-Aziz was born.

The couple lived almost always in Seville, where it is still preserved, in the gardens of the Alcázar, a white tower of typical African construction, known as "the Tower of Abd al-Aziz". However, if they were happy, their happiness must have lasted little, because at the same time Seville, an envoy of the Caliph Sulayman, Ziyad ben Udhara, assassinated him in the church of Santa Rufina, converted into a mosque, while Abd al-

Aziz performed the pious duties of prayer. The charge against him, according to the caliph, was abuse of power. He was beheaded and his head was sent to Damascus.

A confusing time passed in Muslim Spain that was left without a governor. The Spanish Arabs decided that the son of a sister of Musa ben Nusayr would occupy the position until the one appointed by the caliph arrived.

The oddyssey of Prince Abd al-Rahman the Immigrant

After the violent death of Abd al-Aziz, the governors of the Muslims succeeded one another in Spain at an astonishing speed. Some barely held office for six months and It seems that only one of them lasted for about five years. They were difficult times in Muslim Spain. Had have deepen the conquest, quell the possible rebellions that could arise among groups of defeated and, also, and not less important was to make peace between the different Muslim factions, without dismissing the possibility of carrying out raids over lands of Gaul.

In the East, in turn, there was a complicated situation, such as result of the dissent of various religious groups that put the unity of Islam is endangered. Jarichis and Shiites conspired, already openly, against the Umayyad dynasty that reigned in those moments, without the caliphs having the strength or intelligence enough to face that situation that, each time, became more dangerous for them.

The flag of rebellion against the Umayyads was raised everywhere in the Muslim empire, awaiting the arrival of the "imam hidden" that was going to restore to Islam all the purity of its faith and all the splendor of its early days. The black flags, symbol of a new dynasty, the Abasid, were already flying in the Furasan and in the large Iraqi city of Cuta. Abu-l-Abbas Abd Allah proclaimed himself caliph, as a descendant of a first cousin of Muhammad and his son-in-law Ali. According to him, he was the imam that everyone expected and fought Marwan II, the last Umayyad caliph who would die with weapons in hand on July 7, 750.

The new Abbasid caliph, even before the death of Marwan, had already began the extermination of all the Umayyad princes who were left. They were persecuted to death, without mercy, and their bodies, as the maximum punishment, were left unburied. And for what no one would escape from that carnage that would cost its executioner the nickname "the bloodshed", resorted to a cruel stratagem. He proclaimed a false amnesty in which they trusted the relatives of the last caliph, which allowed, in one fell swoop, end the lives of about eighty people belonging to the Umayyad royal family, at Abu Futrus, near Jaffa, Palestine.

Only two Umayyads, grandsons of Caliph Abd al-Malik ben Marwan, distrusting the amnesty proclaimed by their enemy, managed escape from that horrible massacre. It was about the brothers Yahya ben Muawiya and Abd al-Rahman.

Everything we have seen so far is a necessary background to understand why Abd al-Rahman was called to become the first independent emir of al-Andalus.

The life of Abd al-Rahman seems like a real adventure novel, in which there is no shortage of persecutions, harassment, trips to unknown lands, the material needs, the struggles, the uncertainty...The prince would manage to save himself from the harassment of his pursuers? He would see his integrity rewarded or, on the contrary, would he end up as another victim of the Abbasids? That odyssey that would the last of the Umayyads undertake have a happy ending? From all of this We will talk next.

At the time of the great Umayyad extermination, Abd al-Rah-man had about twenty years. He was born in the year 731 in a town near Damascus, son of a Berber captive named Rah, who belonged to the Nafza tribe, which would explain the tendency of the Umayyad prince to head towards North Africa.

He hid, along with his brother Yahya, but they would soon be discovered and Yahya was captured and killed. His only chance to survive was to flee, and so he did with one of his younger brothers, his two sisters and his son Sulayman, who was barely four years old. They took refuge in a lost village, next to the Euphrates River, thinking about cross to Asia when the slightest opportunity presented itself. But the long arm of the Abbasids also reached there and his young brother died at the hands of the soldiers sent to pursue them. It seemed that there was no escape for

the Umayyad prince, when he saved himself by swimming across the Euphrates River.

But Abd al-Rahman was assigned a glorious destiny and protection of Allah he placed at his side the freedman Bard, a servant and counselor, who will accompany him throughout his life, even in the most difficult and who will maintain unlimited loyalty towards his lord, so unfortunate at that time. Bard managed to collect some wealth belonging to Abd al-Rahman and join him in Palestine. They undertook a long and dangerous journey across the Isthmus of Suez, trying to go unnoticed and rushing long and exhausting days, they arrived without problems at Ifriqiya.

This region was ruled by a Fhirid Arab who aspired to be appointed governor of Spain. He was a close relative of the Walí of al-Andalus. Some supporters of the Umayyads were refugees in Ifriqiya and, although the governor said he was opposed to the Abbasids, he thought that the change of dynasty would benefit him to make his territory an independent principality. Under this premise it is logical that Abd al-Rahman's arrival did not please him at all. Some friends warned the Umayyad prince of this situation and it was better not to trust the governor, so he decided to move away and try to enlist the support of the Berber tribes, to which his mother belonged, if they agreed to receive him. Everything was uncertainty and danger for the young prince.

Four years passed on these trips, always in search of support, of tranquility, of survival, while

The fate of the future emnir was as indecisive as it was miserable. But the prediction of an astrologer, to whom the Muslims were so fans, had told him that he was destined for the throne and Abd al-Rahman clung, with all his strength, to that horoscope when everything seemed to be going wrong and all the doors were closing before him. Only the faithful Bard kept his spirits and sustained the fallen spirit of the Umayyad.

It seems that he lived in various places in North Africa, always between the distrust of the people who feared Abbasid revenge when they knew that he was an Umayyad prince, until he landed, in this wandering life, among the Nafza, his mother's tribe, who occupied the shores of the Mediterranean Maghreb.

It is possible that Abd al-Rahman did not think of going to Spain, but settle in African lands, but time passed and no achieved nothing in particular. That's when he thought about moving on to al-Andalus, knowing that there were a important number of supporters of the Umayyads. In Muslim Spain, the panorama was also mixed. In Jaén and Elvira they were installed Syrians who had arrived from Ceuta brought by the general Balch, addicted to the Umayyads and among whom the first polls on whether Prince Abd al-Rahman would be good received and accepted.

Of course, it was the freedman Bard who was in charge of these negotiations, crossing the strait in June 754. He carried a message from his lord, and managed to meet with the Syrian leaders. Everyone was willing to accept Abd al-Rahman, but decided to consult with a very important person

which was the most considered in al-Andalus. It was about the Qaysi chief, al-Sumayl, at that time governor of Zaragoza, who was defending the stroghold from the Berber siege and Kalbi Arabs. Once this coalition was defeated, al-Sumayl listened to the proposals of Bard and his companions and took his time to think about it.

Many months passed before receiving a reply, which was positive, but in the end, fearing the Abbasid reaction or fearing that an Umayyad restoration would take away freedom from the Arabs of al-Andalus, he withdrew his support for the project. What to do? Request Abd al-Rahman to desist from setting foot in Spain or request help from other groups such as the Yemenis who had been cruelly crushed in the battle of Secunda? They decided for this last option and, from this moment, with his help, the panorama was cleared for the Umayyad prince.

A boat was chartered and a financial contribution was made so that Abd al-Rahman had some money and could pay his ransom to the Berbers who held him.

Finally, after countless waits, after long trips, after untold deprivations, August 14, 755, Abd al-Rahman set foot on Hispanic soil in the port of Almuñécar. Now a new stage began, not exempt from problems and battles to fight.

The governor of al-Andalus was, at that time, Yusuf al-Fihrí, busy suppressing a rebellion by the Basques. He decided go to Córdoba leaving his son in charge of Zaragoza and the defense of Pamplona. However, he soon learned of defeat of his hosts and the arrival of the Uma-

[anastpaul]

Saint/s of the Day – 28 July – Saint Nazarius (Died c68) and Saint Celsus (Died c68) Martyrs, Missionaries and disciples of St Peter the Apostle, whose bodies were found by St Ambrose in Milan. Additional Memorial on 10 May of the finding of the Relics by St Ambrose. They were born in Rome and died by beheading in c68 in Milan under Nero. Patronages – the City and Diocese of Carcassone, (et Narbonne) in France; the Cities of Arenzano, Bareggio, Bellano, Collio, Stagno Lombardo, and the Diocese of Trivento, all in Italy.

(via Saint/s of the Day – 28 July – Saint Nazarius (Died c68) and Saint Celsus (Died c68) Martyrs – AnaStpaul)

[tourdesouthoffrance]

I took my final walk through the old town in Nîmes and took the train to Narbonne. When I arrived, I strolled along the canal into the heart of the city. Narbonne looks like Béziers but it’s a lot busier. This is to be expected as it’s a larger city.

I explored the cathedral and parts of the castle. I didn’t fancy paying anymore to enter museums and to be honest I’m getting a bit fed up of castles. This is a really ignorant thing to say, but I have seen a lot in the past 2 weeks. I strolled around the city and spent some time by the canal before it became too hot and I decided to walk back to the station. I did well, today it has been 34 degrees Celsius and I explored the city on foot.

The journey back to Béziers took 15 minutes and cost €6.50. As you approach the city by train, you get a great view of the cathedral up on the hill.

Béziers is beautiful, but it still feels rough to me. I considered heading back to Montpellier for the evening, but I can’t justify spending that much money on trains and so I did arguably the best thing that there is to do in Béziers, grab a beer and enjoy the sunset from outside the cathedral. The sunset wasn’t as spectacular today. It was nice, but what I experienced on Thursday night was out of this world. It’s my last night in France. It has been an amazing adventure in which I have seen and learnt so much. I want to come back soon and explore other parts of this great country. Travelling down the west coast from Bordeaux to Biarritz is definitely appealing to me at the moment. I also want to come back and visit Montpellier again. In the end, I really began to love its artsy bohemian feel. Although when I visit again, I will book my own private accommodation!

Thankfully my flight isn’t until tomorrow afternoon, which gives me the morning to explore Béziers some more. That is, if I get up…

[phoenix-joy]

Excerpts:

Archaeologists in Narbonne, France, have unearthed a Roman necropolis containing nearly 1,500 burials—as well as glassware, pottery and other artifacts—that provide an intimate look into an ancient society’s funerary practices.

Narbonne was the Roman Empire’s first colony in Gaul, the region that includes present-day France. Located on the country’s southeastern coast, the city grew into a significant port on the Mediterranean Sea.

Near the end of the first century C.E.—nearly 2,000 years ago—Narbonne’s residents began a graveyard just outside town, according to a translated statement from France’s National Institute for Preventive Archaeological Research (INRAP), which ran the excavation. The ancient people of Narbonne used this cemetery for over 100 years, expanding it to nearly 54,000 square feet. [...] Along with practical items such as strigils—tools used to scrape dirt, sweat and oil from the skin—and lamps, the graves contained pendants, jewelry, animal teeth and coins. Researchers also found a number of phallic amulets, which were common ornaments in ancient Rome.

“Phallic emblems are found on a wide range of Roman objects, from amulets to frescoes to mosaics to lamps,” per New York’s Metropolitan Museum of Art. “They were symbols intended to bring good luck and ward off evil spirits. As the ancient author Pliny attests, even babies and soldiers wore such charms to invite divine protection.”

Ancient Romans didn’t just leave gifts with their deceased loved ones during visits to the cemetery. They also participated in an annual celebration of their ancestors known as Parentalia, which included a graveside feast. The Narbonne cemetery contains several platforms, known as “banquet beds,” built to host such events. Some of the graves even contained remains of food expressly left for the dead during Parentalia meals.

After the excavations ended in 2020, researchers spent four years analyzing the newly discovered artifacts. While many of these items are now set to be exhibited at Narbonne’s Narbo Via Museum, the human remains await further study.

/endquote Selected pictures with credit from article:

A ceramic goblet decorated with skeletons was among the grave goods. Denis Gliksman / INRAP

Numerous phallic amulets were found in the graves. Denis Gliksman / INRAP

[0nlyy]

My 3rd day in Carcassonne🇫🇷. Today, instead of going to Carcassonne, we travel to the neighboring city of Narbonne🌇. 5 min. ago we visited an exposition of art🖼️. As is usual, here photos📷👇

Later, we will go to the Cathedral🕍 and the center🏘️. We also going to visit the "Canal du Midi🛥️"

[optikes]

Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (1483-1520)

The Transfiguration (1520)

Cardinal Giulio de' Medici (the future pope Clement VII) commissioned two paintings for the cathedral of S. Giusto of Narbonne, the city of which he had become bishop in 1515. The Transfiguration was entrusted to Raphael, and the Raising of Lazarus (now in the National Gallery of London) to Sebastiano del Piombo. The Transfiguration was not sent to France because after Raphael's death (1520), the cardinal kept it for himself, subsequently donating it to the church of S. Pietro in Montorio where it was placed over the high altar. In 1797, following the Treaty of Tolentino, this work, like many others, was taken to Paris and returned in 1816, after the fall of Napoleon. It was then that it became part of the Pinacoteca of Pius VII (pontiff from 1800 to 1823). The altarpiece illustrates two episodes narrated in succession in the Gospel according to Matthew: the Transfiguration above, with Christ in glory between the prophets Moses and Elijah, and below, in the foreground, the meeting of the Apostles with the obsessed youth who will be miraculously cured by Christ on his return from Mount Tabor. This is Raphael's last painting and appears as the spiritual testament of the artist. The work is considered in his biography, written by the famous artist and biographer of the 16th century, Giorgio Vasari, "the most famous, the most beautiful and most divine". museivaticani.va

[at left: Madonna di Foligno (c1512)]

collection: Vatican Museums

[pritishsblog]

BEST DIRECTORS IN CINEMA-4

Hi everyone! This blog is going to be the 4th part of my 8 part series of who I think is the Best Directors Cinema has ever seen

And today I will be talking about

QUENTIN TARANTINO

Quentin Tarantino (born March 27, 1963, Knoxville, Tennessee, U.S.) is an American director and screenwriter whose films are noted for their stylized neo-noir violence, razor-sharp dialogue, and fascination with film and pop culture.

(Early Life)

At 14 years old, Tarantino wrote one of his earliest works, a screenplay called Captain Peachfuzz and the Anchovy Bandit, based on the 1977 film Smokey and the Bandit. Tarantino later revealed that his mother had ridiculed his writing skills when he was younger; as a result, he vowed that he would never share his wealth with her. As a 15-year-old, Tarantino was grounded by his mother for shoplifting Elmore Leonard's novel The Switch from Kmart. He was allowed to leave only to attend the Torrance Community Theater, where he participated in such plays as Two Plus Two Makes Sex and Romeo and Juliet. The same year, he dropped out of Narbonne High School in Harbor City, Los Angeles.

(His Famous Works)

In 2003, Tarantino directed Kill Bill: Volume 1, inspired by the traditions of martial arts films; it was followed by Volume 2 in 2004, with both volumes combined regarded as a single film. He then made the exploitation-slasher Death Proof (2007), part of a double feature with Robert Rodriguez released under the collective title Grindhouse. His next film, Inglourious Basterds (2009), follows an alternate account of World War II. He followed this with Django Unchained (2012), a slave revenge Spaghetti Western, which won him his second Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. His eighth film, The Hateful Eight (2015), is a revisionist Western thriller and opened to audiences with a roadshow release. His most recent film, Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (2019), is a comedy drama set in the late 1960s about the transition of Old Hollywood to New Hollywood. A novelization of the film written by Tarantino was published in 2021, becoming his debut novel.

(Filmmaking Style)

His Filmmaking Style

Tarantino's films often feature graphic violence, a tendency which has sometimes been criticized. Reservoir Dogs was initially denied United Kingdom certification because of his use of torture as entertainment. Tarantino has frequently defended his use of violence, saying that "violence is so good. It affects audiences in a big way". When questioned in an interview for Kill Bill: Volume 1 why his movies contained so much graphic violence, he responded, "Because it's so much fun!" The number of expletives and deaths in Tarantino's films were measured by analytics website FiveThirtyEight.

(His Filmography)

Quentin Tarantino made his directorial debut in 1992 with a movie named Reservoir Dogs. He went on to make movies like Pulp Fiction in 1994,Jackie Brown in 1997,Kill Bill Vol 1 & 2 in 2003 & 2004. He has made movies like Death Proof in 2007,Inglourious Basterds in 2009, Django Unchained in 2012,The Hateful Eight in 2015 and Once Upon a Time in Hollywood in 2019.

Quentin Tarantino at the premiere of Inglourious Basterds at Leicester Square

(Awards & Honors)

During his 25 year long career, Tarantino's have earned 102 nominations including the Academy Awards,The BAFTA's and the Golden Globe Awards.

His films have won 7 Academy Awards out of the 34 nominations, 7 BAFTA's out of the 40 nominations and 8 Golden Globe Awards in 28 nominations.

(Sources)

And that's it for this part folks, I'll meet you with another blog about some of the Greatest Directors Cinema has ever seen. Until then

CIAO

[postcards-and-postcrossing]

Trasfigurazione

Vatican City – 1976 Detail from a painting by Raffaello Sanzio of Urbino: the Transfiguration The Transfiguration is the last painting by the Italian High Renaissance master Raphael. Cardinal Giulio de Medici – who later became Pope Clement VII – commissioned the work, conceived as an altarpiece for Narbonne Cathedral in France; Raphael worked on it in the years preceding his death in 1520.

[silvestromedia]

SAINTS FOR MARCH 22

ST. PAUL, BISHOP OF NARBONNE AND MARTYR, A notable missionary who is known principally because of reports made of him by St. Gregory of Tours . According to Gregory, Paul was ordained at Rome and, with other missionaries including Sts. Saturninus and Dionysius, he was assigned to Gaul to preach the Gospel. He enjoyed considerable success in the region around Narbonne, founding several churches there. He is also mentioned in various legends. Mar.22

St. Callinica & Basilissa, Roman Catholic Women Martyrs of Galatia. Wealthy matrons, Callinica and Basilissa spent their fortunes bringing aid to the imprisoned Christians in their area. They were arrested for their generosity and slain. Feastday March 22

St. Nicholas Owen. Nicholas was born at Oxford, England. He became a carpenter or builder and served the Jesuit priests in England for two decades by constructing hiding places for them in mansions throughout the country. He became a Jesuit lay brother in 1580, and was arrested in 1594 with Father John Gerard, and despite prolonged torture would not give the names of any of his Catholic colleagues; he was released on the payment of a ransom by a wealthy Catholic. Nicholas is believed responsible for Father Gerard's dramatic escape from the Tower of London in 1597. Nicholas was again arrested in 1606 with Father Henry Garnet, who he had served eighteen years, Father Oldcorne, and Father Oldcorne's servant, Brother Ralph Ashley, and imprisoned in the Tower of London. Nicholas was subjected to such vicious torture that he died of it on March 2nd. He was known as Little John and Little Michael and used the aliases of Andrews and Draper. He was canonized by Pope Paul VI in 1970 as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales.

St. Lea, Roman Catholic fourth-century saint in the Roman Catholic Church based on the authority of Jerome., soon after her marriage she was widowed and left very sound financially. Instead of retiring as a wealthy widow, however, she joined a convent of consecrated virgins in the city—shedding all the money and social standing she possessed. In later years she was named the prioress of the convent. Feastday Mar.22

St. Trien, 5th century. A disciple of St. Patrick. He served as a missionary and then as abbot of Killelga Monastery, Ireland.

St. Darerca, 5th century. The sister of St. Patrick. She was reported to have borne fifteen sons, ten of whom became bishops throughout Ireland.

[thecelebrantdirectory]

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Further south the magnificent city of Nîmes; impressed by the Colosseum in Rome its huge amphitheatre is the best preserved within the Roman world. Head forty kilometres out of Nimes to the Pont du Gard to find the unimaginable aqueduct that carried water to the fountains, gardens and houses of Nîmes, from a spring near Uzès. And if this is not sufficient you'll be able to go to the Canal du Midi from Toulouse to Sète, onwards to Narbonne and the coast. Or visit the calm of the Cévennes mountains, whose national park is the largest of its type in France.

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[tenrose]

I've booked my vacations 😁

[kendall-london-reagan]

Couvre feu, confinement, restrictions sanitaires... ça fait des mois qu'on supportait (et qu'on supporte toujours un peu) ça. Alors quand j'ai pu enfin bouger pour partir, pour découvrir, pour profiter un peu de cette fin de printemps, début d'été, j'ai sauté sur l'occasion. Comme en plus c'est mon unique voyage "découverte" de l'année, c'était tout bonus. Du coup je suis partie squatter chez @maerumaelle à Montpellier et on en a profité pour visiter des villes un peu plus loin en voiture. Gruissan, souvenir d'adolescente qui partait pour la première fois en vacances avec des copines (@antony_audrey) il y a une dizaine d'années, Narbonne que j'ai beaucoup aimé et Béziers qui a aussi de jolies petites rues pavées comme on les aime. ▪︎ #holidays #summerholidays #vacances #été #escapade #montpellier #béziers #narbonne #gruissan #summer #citytrip #city #history #historiccity #beach #beachvibes #friends #food #summertime (à Montpellier, France) https://www.instagram.com/p/CQbh_-aAe3_/?utm_medium=tumblr

[breathtakingdestinations]

Narbonne - France (by barnyz)