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boxboxluckybird · 18 days ago

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List of articles and books that are about Motorsports or Motorsports adjacent

Idk if y'all will have total access to these- I get to them through my university's library database- I'll give titles so you can find them- and if i have links to pdfs, ill put them in too

i will continue to update this list as i continue to read more books and articles :3 also i need to go on my uni laptop to get all the crash and safety books i have on there to put on this list

Motogp-

article about Franco Morbidelli and Joann Zarco's crash in 2020- gives full analysis with the numbers and a discussion of everything (link) Name of Article: Descriptive Kinematic Analysis of the Potentially Tragic Accident at the 2020 Austrian MotoGP Grand Prix Using Low-Cost Instruments: A Brief Report by Marco Gervasi et. al. (2020-10)

article about the myth surrounding Valentino Rossi- (it is in french but there is also an italian version) Name of Article: Valentino Rossi : la construction médiatique du mythe by Charlotte Moge pp. 363-383 (DOI link)

Book Chapter Valentino Rossi: A Uniquely British Look at an Italian Motorsport Legend by Sean Bell in "More than Cricket and Football: International Sport and the Challenge of Celebrity" (2016)

this one is all about the economy and how motogp affects tourism in Indonesia-

Do Satisfied Visitors Intend to Revisit a Large Sports Event? A Case Study of a Large Sports Event in Indonesia by Pahrudin Pahrudin Link to PDF (Article) (2024-12)

Formula One-

Book about racism in sports- (i used this as a main secondary source when researching historic racism in f1) it has an article about Lewis Hamilton and other racism in formula one Title- Race, Racism and Sports Journalism by Neil Farrington (2012) (i recommend his other book about racism in sports social media)

"Technology Innovations and Consumption of Formula 1 as a TV Sport Product" by Christopher Schneiders (2022-09)

Analyzing Brand Strategy on an International Scale: The Sponsorship Performance Cycle in Formula One Racing by Jonathan A Jensen, et. al. (2024-09) (Article)

When Success Is Rare and Competitive: Learning from Others' Success and My Failure at the Speed of Formula One by Micheal A Lapre (2022-12) (Article)

Green Light or black flag? Greenwashing environmental sustainability in Formula One and Formula E by Annals of leisure research(2025-01) (Article)

Technological Discontinuities and Competitive Advantages: A Historical Perspective on Formula 1 Motor Racing 1950-2006 by Mark Jenkins (2010-07) (Article)

Sandwiched Between Sport and Politics: Federation Internationale de l'Automobile, Formula 1, and Non-Democratic Regimes by Hans Erik Naess (2017-05) (Article)

The age-productivity gradient: Evidence from a sample of F1 drivers by Labour economics (2011-08) (Article) pdf link

Book Chapter Chapter 10: Aryton Senna, Alain Prost, and the Spector of Death by Becquer Medak-Seguin, et. al. in "Cultural Exchanges Between Brazil and France" (2016)

Smoke and mirrors: new tobacco products and Formula 1 by The Lancet (2019-05) (Article)

NASCAR-

"If It Ain't Rubbin', It Ain't Racin'" Article about Nascar by Lawrence and Barbara Hugenburg (2008-08)

A comparison of college football and NASCAR consumer profiles: Identity formation and spectatorship motivation by Shaughan A Keaton (2015-03) (Article)

"Sport, Spectacle, and NASCAR Nation: Consumption and the Cultural Politics of Neoliberalism" by Joshua Newman (2011)

Book Chapter Louise Smith: The First Lady of Racing by Suzanne Wise in "South Carolina Women: Their Lives and Times" (Volume 3) (2012)

Book Chapter The Most Southern Sport on Earth: NASCAR and the Unions by Dan Pierce in "Southern Cultures : The Fifteenth Anniversary Reader" (2008)

Special interest ones-

"Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness" by Ewan Thomas- pdf- link (2022)

"The future of motorsports: business, politics and society" by Hans Erik Naess, et. al. (2023)

"The Green Transition in Motorsport: Purpose, Politics, and Profit" by Hans Erik Naess, et. al. (2023)

More than "just a driver": A study of professional women racecar drivers' agency in motorsport by Jill Kochanek (2021-01) (Article)

'What on Earth are They Doing in a Racing Car?': Towards an Understanding of Women in Motorsport by Jordan J.K. Matthews, and Elizabeth C.J. Pike (2016-09) (Article)

tag list: @raikkonens @caleb-is-existing @books4ever03

#sage rants </3 #motogp #formula 1 #formula one #nascar #motorsports #women in motorsports #valentino rossi #franco morbidelli

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jenmedsbookreviews · 2 years ago

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The Fall by Louise Jensen

Today I am sharing my thoughts on The Fall by Louise Jensen which is released on 27th. @Fab_fiction @HQstories #books #booktwitter #booktwt #thefall #newrelease

Today I am sharing my thoughts on The Fall, the brand new thriller from Louise Jensen. I love the Louise’s work and have read pretty much all of her books since the beginning. I am extremely grateful to her for sending me an early copy of The Fall for review. Here’s what it’s all about: Source: Advance Reader CopyRelease Date: 27 April 2023Publisher: HQ Continue reading Untitled

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#Family #HQ #Louise Jensen #Mystery #Secrets and Lies #Thriller

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nikethestatue · 2 months ago

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Now the Antis are saying that Aelin giving Chaol the ring back is Elain giving back the necklace to Azriel which is why Gwynriel is endgame and I have never rolled my eyes so hard before!!!!

A woman giving back a present that her endgame gave her because something happened in like the oldest trope in the literature.

"The Unhoneymooners" by Christina Lauren Olive Torres, the FMC, and Ethan Thomas, the MMC, are forced to go on a honeymoon together despite disliking each other at first. Throughout the story, Olive has moments of pushing back against Ethan’s gestures, including rejecting or giving back gifts, but eventually, the couple finds love and ends up together in the end.

"The Hating Game" by Sally Thorne In this enemies-to-lovers office romance, Lucy Hutton returns a gift from Joshua Templeman during a tense moment, symbolizing their antagonistic relationship. As they continue to clash and then grow closer, the couple eventually ends up together, overcoming the initial misunderstandings.

"Fifty Shades of Grey" by E.L. James Anastasia Steele, the FMC, and Christian Grey, the MMC, have a complex relationship full of power dynamics and emotional depth. At one point, Ana gives back a significant gift from Christian (a car) as she tries to regain control of her independence. Despite the challenges, they work through their issues and end up together.

"Beautiful Disaster" by Jamie McGuire In this new adult romance, Abby Abernathy and Travis Maddox have a fiery, tumultuous relationship. Abby returns gifts from Travis at certain points, especially when she’s unsure about her feelings and the direction of their relationship. But by the end of the book, they overcome their challenges and end up together.

"The Deal" by Elle Kennedy In this college romance, Hannah Wells is dealing with the trauma of her past while trying to navigate a fake relationship with Garrett Graham. Garrett gives her a gift, and at one point, she gives it back, signaling her reluctance to fully open up. However, as the story progresses, they both confront their issues, and they end up together in a heartfelt conclusion.

"The Rosie Project" by Graeme Simsion Don Tillman, the MMC, and Rosie Jarman, the FMC, develop an unconventional romance. Don gives Rosie a gift, and there’s a moment when she returns it, highlighting her own internal conflict. Despite their differences, they find their way to each other by the end of the book, embracing their unique relationship.

"Roomies" by Christina Lauren In this romance, Holland Bakker, the FMC, ends up in a fake marriage arrangement with Calvin McLoughlin, the MMC, to help his career. At one point, Holland rejects or gives back a gift from Calvin, signaling her inner turmoil. As they navigate their evolving feelings, they come to realize they love each other, and they end up together.

"Archer's Voice" by Mia Sheridan In this emotional romance, Bree Prescott, the FMC, returns a gift from Archer Hale, the MMC, as she tries to navigate her past and the complicated nature of their relationship. Their emotional journey is filled with misunderstandings, but they ultimately work through their issues and end up together.

You want more? Sure.

"Serpent & Dove" by Shelby Mahurin In this witchy romance, Louise "Lou" le Blanc, the FMC, is forced into a marriage with Reid Diggory, the MMC, as part of a larger conflict between witches and witch hunters. There are several moments where Lou rejects or gives back gifts from Reid due to her reluctance to trust him. However, by the end of the book and the series, their relationship has evolved, and they are together.

"The Bridge Kingdom" by Danielle L. Jensen Lara, the FMC, is sent to marry the MMC, Aren, in a political arrangement. Initially, Lara struggles with the idea of being with Aren, and there are moments where she rejects his gifts or gestures. Over time, she realizes she is falling for him, and their bond deepens. By the end of the book, they’re together, having overcome the tensions and secrets in their relationship.

"The Priory of the Orange Tree" by Samantha Shannon This epic fantasy involves multiple POVs and a slow-burn romance between Tané, a dragon-riding warrior, and various other characters. While the main focus is not solely on the romantic subplot, there are moments where Tané has to reckon with her feelings for those around her, including rejecting or giving back gifts from romantic interests. By the end of the book, characters find resolution and come together.

"The Bone Season" by Samantha Shannon Paige Mahoney, the FMC, and Warden, the MMC, have a complicated and tense relationship, with moments of rejection or emotional distance between them. Warden gives Paige a significant gift, and she must navigate whether or not to accept it. Despite the danger and conflict surrounding them, they end up together by the end of the series, with their relationship deepening.

"Wicked Saints" by Emily A. Duncan In this dark fantasy, Nadya, the FMC, has complicated relationships with the MMCs (Malachiasz and Serefin). While the romance is not the primary focus of the story, there are moments of rejection and emotional tension, including the return of gifts, as Nadya navigates the complex political and magical world around her. Eventually, the relationships evolve, and the couple(s) find resolution by the end.

"Kingdom of the Wicked" by Kerri Maniscalco Emilia, the FMC, and Wrath, the MMC, have a tumultuous romance, full of betrayal, magic, and dark secrets. Emilia returns or refuses gifts from Wrath at different points as she questions his motives and struggles with her feelings for him. The couple works through their emotional struggles and their complex relationship, eventually ending up together by the end of the book.

"The Wrath & the Dawn" by Renée Ahdieh

Premise: This is a retelling of One Thousand and One Nights, where Shahrzad volunteers to marry the Caliph, Khalid, after he’s been executing brides every night. Their relationship is full of tension, with Shahrzad initially rejecting the Caliph’s advances and gifts due to her quest for revenge. Over time, they unravel each other's secrets and develop a deep bond. Despite the dark start, they end up together after overcoming various challenges.

2. "The Queen of the Tearling" by Erika Johansen

Premise: Kelsea Glynn, the FMC, ascends to the throne of a kingdom in turmoil, facing both external threats and her own internal struggles. One of the key romantic subplots is her growing relationship with the Red Queen's former guard, who is a complicated figure in Kelsea’s life. Throughout the book, Kelsea rejects or is uncertain about gifts and gestures, but as the series progresses, the romance develops in parallel with her political challenges, and the couple ultimately finds each other.

3. "Court of Midnight and Deception" by Madeline Martin

Premise: This is a fantasy romance where Lady Rosalind is thrust into the world of court politics and magic when she becomes entangled with Prince Darius, the MMC. As they navigate betrayal and deception, Rosalind struggles with trust, rejecting gifts and gestures from Darius. However, through their shared experiences and growth, they eventually come to be together, realizing their love and commitment.

4. "The Gilded Wolves" by Roshani Chokshi

Premise: Set in a lush alternate history of Paris, this novel follows a group of thieves and scholars, including the main characters, Severin and Laila. There’s a complex romantic tension between Severin and Laila, with some moments where Laila is hesitant to accept his advances or gifts due to her own emotional barriers. The romance evolves as they face personal challenges and unravel a mystery together, with a slow-burn romance that culminates in their union.

5. "The Poppy War" by R.F. Kuang

Premise: While not primarily a romance, The Poppy War features a slow-burn romance between Rin, the FMC, and Altan, a fellow soldier with his own tragic backstory. There are moments where Rin struggles with trusting Altan, rejecting his attempts at gifts or emotional connection, especially as she comes into her power. Their complicated relationship is central to the story, and though the series is brutal, they share a bond that lasts through the turmoil.

6. "A Curse So Dark and Lonely" by Brigid Kemmerer

Premise: This is a Beauty and the Beast retelling where Harper, a modern-day girl, is pulled into the world of Emberfall and meets Prince Rhen. The relationship between Harper and Rhen is tense at first, and there are moments where she is resistant to his attempts at affection, even rejecting gifts. However, as they face the challenges of breaking the curse that holds Rhen’s kingdom in a cycle of repetition, their bond deepens, and they ultimately end up together.

7. "An Ember in the Ashes" by Sabaa Tahir

Premise: Set in a brutal, militarized world inspired by ancient Rome, An Ember in the Ashes follows Laia, a slave, and Elias, a soldier, as they both navigate a dangerous and oppressive regime. There’s a romance that develops between them, with moments of distance and hesitation, particularly when Laia is unsure whether she can trust Elias. They grow closer through their shared struggle for freedom, and despite many hardships, they end up together.

8. "The Hundredth Queen" by Emily R. King

Premise: This fantasy romance features a young woman named Kalinda, who is chosen to be the Hundredth Queen in a kingdom ruled by a tyrant. Kalinda develops a relationship with the king’s general, who initially gives her gifts and treats her with care. There are moments of tension as she navigates her growing feelings for him, but through political intrigue and magical challenges, Kalinda and the general end up together in the end, facing a united future.

9. "Sky in the Deep" by Adrienne Young

Premise: In this Viking-inspired world, the FMC, Eelyn, is a fierce warrior who is forced to fight alongside her enemy clan after her brother’s death. Fiske, the MMC, is from the enemy clan, and while they initially fight each other, their relationship grows through shared experiences and battles. There are moments where Eelyn is resistant to Fiske's attempts at affection or gifts due to their history, but as they learn to trust each other, they ultimately end up together.

10. "Wicked Saints" by Emily A. Duncan

Premise: This dark fantasy novel follows Nadya, a cleric with the power to speak to the gods, and her complex relationship with Malachiasz, a prince with his own dark secrets. There are moments of mistrust, and Nadya gives back gifts or refuses Malachiasz's advances because of their fraught relationship. Despite the political and magical conflicts, they find love and understanding, ending up together despite the odds.

Additional books?

The Love Hypothesis" by Ali Hazelwood

The Kiss Quotient" by Helen Hoang

"The Duke and I" by Julia Quinn

I think you get the point. Elriel aren't breaking up.

Not to mention, Miss Nesta Archeron rejected Cassian's gift and look at them now!

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aliusfrater · 10 months ago

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i like it when they let jared and jensen decide stuff for the script bc then you get jared and jensen hcs that are canon because they put them there in the episode. like the thelma and louise joke in 14.04 & the way sam reacted is making me think about how dean presents his suicidal ideation, especially around sam. like sam's said it outloud, "and if we die we die together," but that includes a conditional if. in 14.04 there's a running theme about dean's underlying lack of ability to deal with what michael did to him and how sam's trying to support him and now dean's making a joke about a couple that drives off a cliff together. and i think the possibility that sam is more freaked out about dean's outward suicidal ideation rather than the idea that dean thinks about him committing suicide as them both committing suicide is mildly interesting. and it makes me insane (fond)

#sam winchester #dean winchester #14.04 #se referat

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eva-knits12 · 8 months ago

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Going to the Farmer's Market with Chris Evans Characters

Steve Rogers

Steve was overwhelmed with the farmer's market.

You take James, Sarah and Margaret around, and they help pick out the veggies, fruits, and they love getting penny candy at the penny candy booth.

Steve grabs several tote bags to transport the veggies, fruits, and other interesting things.

You get lunch for everyone at one of the local food trucks.

You get James, Sarah, Margaret some donuts and some apple cider at the donut truck.

You get coffee for you and Steve.

You have Margaret's stroller with her in it, and she loves the petting zoo.

Margaret loves animals.

Eventually, you and Steve leave because Margaret is wiped from overexcitement, and James and Sarah are hungry.

The farmer's market is a great way to spend a say as a family.

Ransom Drysdale

Ransom has never been to the farmers market.

So, you make it a point to go on Sunday, when they have the farmer's market.

He has you in the wheelchair, and you have several tote bags on your lap.

He goes to every booth.

You buy fresh fruit and fresh veggies.

Ransom buys beer bread mix, because he's never heard of beer bread.

He's making steaks on the grill tonight.

You also get a lemon pound cake for dessert, and you get some salted caramel brownies because Ransom loves those.

You made some for him, and he can't get enough of them.

You get some coffee and cookies at one of the food trucks.

You get some at your cousin Joelle's food truck, and you talk to Andy Barber.

You guys go home with LOTS of stuff, and the price doesn't phase the trust fund playboy.

Ransom wants to go to the farmer's market more often, especially since you cousin owns a baking business.

Andy Barber

You got there before Andy.

You had to get up very early to start the prep work for your food truck.

You have a food truck that will be there, where you'll be selling your baked goods.

Your brother helps you, and so does his girlfriend.

Andy arrives, and he gets some donuts and coffee from you.

He has a dinner planned just for the two of you.

Joy and Penelope come a few years later, so they walk with Andy.

Andy gets fresh veggies, fresh fruits, and he gets beer bread, barbecue sauce, salsa, and some other things.

He runs into your cousin Louise, and he tells Louise and her boyfriend Ransom about your food truck!

It's an amazing day, and Andy grills some pork chops on the grill.

He made corn on the cob at the grill, and you have the beer bread.

Saturdays are perfect for the farmers market.

Jake Jensen

You and Jake make it a point to go to the farmers market every Sunday when it's in season.

Sometimes you don't buy anything, sometimes you do.

Even if it's just coffee and donuts at the bakery truck.

It's the perfect Sunday coffee date.

When the girls arrive, they join in, too.

You also bring Mario, the dog you and Jake adopted.

You adopt another rescue dog at the pet adoption booth.

You name him Fagin.

For lunch, you and Jake get hot dogs, and park on a bench, and eat your hot dogs, and drink your lemonades.

You and Jake couldn't think of a better way to spend a summer Sunday together.

It's the perfect date!

Colin Shea

Colin and you go to the farmers market every Sunday.

Harper and Robbie join, too.

Colin, you, and the kids love walking around, getting donuts, coffee, and apple cider.

You get fruit, veggies, hot dogs, pretzels, and other yummy eats.

The kids love the petting zoo that happens every week.

You go back home, and make a veggie pizza for lunch, and the kids love it.

It's a great way to spend a family day.

Johnny Storm

You and Johnny go to the farmers market every Sunday.

You have Jake in the stroller.

Coffee and donuts are a must.

But Jake loves your milk!

You get fruit, veggies, soda bread, beer bread, and you get donut peaches, because you love donut peaches.

You have fruit crepes for breakfast.

You get some cannoli.

You have pizza for lunch, and split it with Johnny.

You feed Jake from a bottle.

You burp him, but he spits up on Johnny.

"He got you good!"

You clean the spit up off your husband.

Farmer's market day is also family day.

You and Johnny wouldn't have it any other way.

You have mac and cheese for dinner.

Frank Adler

You and Frank enjoy going to the farmer's market every Saturday.

It's your first stop after you've gone grocery shopping.

You get coffee and some cookies.

You, Frank, and Mary love getting hot dogs.

You and Frank are walking around, wedding rings on your fingers.

Mary is walking with her head held high, knowing that you're in her life, her uncle is lucky, and Frank keeps stealing kisses whenever he gets the chance.

A year later, it's farmer's market day, and your first wedding anniversary.

Frank and Mary give you a journal full of things they love about you.

You give Frank something just as meaningful.

You give him an ultrasound.

You and Frank are going to be parents!

Mary will have a cousin.

You and Frank are completely over the moon!

You, Frank, Mary, and Dylan make Saturday's family day at the farmer's market.

Pete Brenner

Farmer's market day is also family day.

You, Pete, Zoe, and Mary love walking around the booths.

You and Pete find a ton of gluten-free options for Zoe.

There's even a food truck that sells gluten-free baked goods.

The girls love the petting zoo, and they love eating their snacks that they get at the farmer's market.

They love the apple slices with caramel dip.

You and Pete make it a point to go every Sunday.

Pete gets some gluten-free soda bread at the gluten-free bakery booth, and he makes some gluten-free chili with Zoe for dinner.

Pete and Zoe love making different gluten-free dishes.

When Zoe becomes an adult, she owns and operates a gluten-free bakery.

Her sister Mary works at the family insurance office alongside Pete.

Zoe has a booth at the farmer's market, and loves meeting kids and adults who have to eat gluten-free.

Cole Turner

Cole is a farmer, so he spends every week at the farmer's market.

He sells his flowers and plants.

You help out at the booth, too.

Your students recognize you.

Cole and you break down the booth at the end of the day.

You and Cole spend every week at the farmer's market, and you help Cole sell his plants and flowers.

You and Cole eat Mexican takeout because you're both too lazy to cook at the end of the day.

Ari Levinson

You're battling cervical cancer, so you and Ari go to the farmer's market if you feel up to it.

Ari is following the nurses orders to make sure you're having healthy, nutritious meals.

You can only keep down pancakes and chicken broth.

But, Ari won't stop fussing over you.

"Come on, sugar. You need to eat something!"

"I can't," you plead.

Ari gets lots of veggies, fruit, and even some bagels, bread, and things that you can easily eat and keep down easily.

You eat a few bites bland veggies and bland fruits.

You throw up because the chemo is kicking your ass.

You keep down some veggies and some broth, and that's it.

Next year, you're doing much better, and have started to put on some weight.

Farmer's market day is a favorite with you and Ari.

The food at the farmer's market is organic.

Which is why you could keep it down for the most part during chemo.

You and Ari love going to the farmer's market.

#chris evans #chris evans characters #steve rogers #captain america #ransom drysdale #andy barber #jake jensen #colin shea #johnny storm #the human torch #frank adler #pete brenner #cole turner

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empirearchives · 2 years ago

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Women artists in Napoleonic France

(Young women copying: ‘Love begging Venus to forgive Psyche’ which was displayed at the 1808 Salon. Sketch by Georges Rouget)

Quotes from an article about women’s participation in the art world during the Napoleonic era.

Article:

Heather Belnap Jensen, “The Journal des Dames et des Modes: Fashioning Women in the Arts, c. 1800-1815,” Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide 5, no. 1 (Spring 2006) (source)

“More and more women artists began exhibiting their work in public venues and receiving recognition for their contributions at this time. While only three women artists had participated in the 1789 biennial Salon, fifty participated in the Salon of 1806–an increase in women’s participation of over 1600 percent in seventeen years.”

(Woman artist giving a drawing lesson — Self-portrait, 1810, by Louise-Adéone Drölling)

“We see a move away from the emphasis on the public sphere to the private space as motifs, intimating a valorization of a woman’s world. While history painting, which played such a crucial role in Revolutionary visual culture, remained the privileged genre at the turn of the century, the rise in portraiture, landscape, and genre painting in Napoleonic France indicates this shift in values.”

(Young Woman Drawing—Portrait of Charlotte du Val d'Ognes, 1801, by Marie-Denise Villers)

“Women’s journals, which often published art-related materials, have been largely overlooked in discussions of developments in late eighteenth-and early nineteenth-century French visual culture. This is surprising, given that bibliographies on art criticism of this period frequently cite items from these publications.”

One of the most influential women’s journal of the period was Journal des Dames et des Modes. It was created by Jean-Baptiste Sellèque and Pierre de La Mésang��re in 1797 and continued until 1839.

“La Mésangère’s key collaborator during the Napoleonic period was a woman, Albertine Clément, née Hémery, a well-known figure in both journalistic and cultural circles in post-Revolutionary France, and that several women were regular contributors to this journal during this era.”

Annemarie Kleinert did a study on the journal:

“She determined that the journal targeted bourgeois women between the ages of 18 and 40 years old who could afford the annual subscription rate of 10 livres, and that the majority of subscribers during the period from 1800 to 1815 were from the provinces.”

(Portrait of a Young Woman Drawing Herself, early 1800s, by Louis-Léopold Boilly)

Interest from women in creating their own designs:

“Fashion plates that accompanied each issue of this journal gave visual testimony to this heightened interest in women’s artistic engagement. Indeed, women in fashion plates were sometimes presented in the act of sketching and drawing, as shown in a plate that appeared as an insert in an 1802 issue of the Journal des Dames et des Modes.”

The act of women creating art was compared to motherhood. In that way, women were encouraged to make art, but in terms which enforced traditional and patriarchal ideas:

“Furthermore, the vocabulary used by the author stresses the ways in which artistic creativity mirrors childbirth and elicits feelings of exaltation over one’s art that are similar to those evoked by motherhood when he writes that ‘she smiles at the objects which are born of her colors’ and calls the site of her production a ‘creative space.’”

There were opportunities for women to paint nude subjects for classical style art:

“Recent scholarship suggests that there were opportunities for such study in the Napoleonic era. By 1800, female students could attend anatomy classes given by the surgeon Sue and also by the École du Modèle Vivant at Versailles, and artist Adele Romilly reported that David, Régnault, and Guérin all provided mixed studios that offered courses on life drawing from the nude.”

One of the claims made against the women’s journals is that they were sexist. The author points out that it’s more complicated and not entirely true. The journals included laudatory reviews of paintings by female artists at the salons, biographies of women artists, such as Angelica Kauffmann, and published excerpts of pamphlets written by women, such as Angélique Mongez.

(Portrait of an Artist Drawing after the Antique, c. 1800s, Jean François Sablet)

However, the author also says there was a lot of anxiety about the increase in female participation in the art world, both as creators and as spectators. There were articles describing women at museums in derogatory terms. One in particular described a young girl being overcome by emotion at the sight of the statue of Apollo Belvedere and creating such a large scene that she had to be dragged away in tears.

These articles imply that women spectators had become dominant enough that it could inspire critics.

Women had become so important in the art world that a really unique phenomenon happened:

“Roger Bellet has demonstrated that there are known instances in late eighteenth-and early nineteenth-century France when men published under a female pseudonym.”

Many of the top artists who were admired in the era were women such as Élisabeth Louise Vigée-Lebrun, Marguerite Gérard, Constance Mayer, Adèle Romany, Adélaïde Labille-Guiard, Pauline Auzou, Jeanne-Elisabeth Chaudet, Marie-Guillemine Benoist, Constance Marie Charpentier and many others.

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