#Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra

[wolfie-wolfgang]

An Easter Meeting in Leipzig with JS Bach - 300 years on.

Even people who don’t think they like classical music know and even like at least some of the music of Johann Sebastian Bach (1685 – 1750). Those who love classical music are mostly in consensus that he was probably the greatest of all the classical composers. I certainly feel that he stands tall not just in the world of music, but in the world of human creativity too. I believe that we are all a…

[thatswhywelovegermany]

October 9, 1989: The day the dictatorial GDR regime broke

Throughout the 1980s, discontent among the population of the GDR about the economical and political situation kept growing. Nonetheless, the ruling party SED (Socialist Union Party of Germany) upheld its role as the only governing part of the state, continuing the process of the "socialist revolution" in the state. People started protesting against oppression of dissidents.

The situation became explosive after the rigged local elections on May 7, 1989. People didn't have the choice between multiple options. Instead, there was only one list of the "National Front", which was automatically counted as "yes" as soon as the ballot was dropped into the urn. The only way to vote "no" was to strike all entries in the list through with a straight line. Although this was a tedious proces that could easily be traced by the Stasi officers in the polling stations, many people made use of this way of voting "no". For the first time, citizens gathered in the polling stations to observe the process of counting. Althouth this was explicitly allowed by law (§ 37 of the voting act), access was denied in almost all cases. Nonetheless, members of the church documented electoral fraud and made it public. This led to the first protests, which the Stasi and regular police forced tried to quench. Around the same time, a mass exodus through neighboring countries to West Germany started.

These protests attracted more and more people. In many cases, the demonstrations started after peace prayers in the protestant churches throughout the country. But still, the oppressive system of the state held the upper hand. On October 7, 1989, the police forces, workers' militia, and Stasi arrested thousands of protesters in Leipzig and arrested them in horse stables on the grounds of the agricultural fair.

This led pastor Christoph Wonneberger to publish a plea for non-violence, which was agreed to by some SED secretaries read out loud over the city's public announcement system (by Leipzig's Gewandhaus Orchestra's conductor Kurt Masur) and during the peace prayers. On October 9, 1989, the situation was tense as approx. 130,000 people took to the streets, marching past the Stasi central. A massive presence of state forces was also present, and people feared a "Chinese solution", referring to the violent Tiananmen Square massacre earlier that year. However, the plea for non-violence by the power of its wording kept both protesters and state forces from violent actions and the protests ended peacefully and without any arrests.

This was the first time the GDR authorities gave in to the masses of protesters. The word spread, and protests sprang up in more and more cities throughout the country, leading to state leader Erich Honecker's demise on October 18 and culminated in the fall of the Berlin Wall on November 9, 1989, which ultimately led to the German reunification.

[mrdirtybear]

A real photo postcard featuring a 1912 photograph of Arthur Nikisch. Arthur Nikisch was born in Hungary on 12th Oct 1855 and died in Leipzig on 23rd Jan 1922. He held numerous important positions during his career including - conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, director of the Budapest Royal Opera, director of the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, principal conductor of the Berlin Philharmonic with whom he made one of the earliest recordings of a complete symphony, Beethoven's 5th, with the Berlin Philharmonic.

[maxigoethling]

My new years resolution is to start watching classical concerts. I don't live that far from Leipzig and the famous Gewandhaus is right near the train station there.

Since I'm not classically trained in anything I get all my orchestration knowledge and practice from trial & error, listening to recordings and YouTube. My hope is that actually hearing and seeing an orchestra play will give me more insights in how to become a better composer.

I snatched some cheap tickets (16€!) for the gallery of the Gewandhaus Leipzig so I can have a direct overview over the players.

I WILL LEARN YOUR HIDDEN SECRETS MRS ORCHESTRA!!

They play Beethoven, Dvořák, and Bruckners complete 7th Symphony. Not a fan of either of them, but I picked the concert at random sorted by cheapest first.

(Yellow circle = seating I booked)

[flammentanz]

Like every year since 1945 the Symphony No. 9 by Ludwig van Beethoven is performed by the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra to celebrate the new year with Friedrich Schiller��s “Ode to Joy”: “Alle Menschen werden Brüder” (”All people become brothers”)

The idea to this concerts came from Arthur Nikisch, then conductor of the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, after the terror of the First World War. The first concert took place on New Year’s Eve in 1918. Later the concerts took place at irregular intervals. After the Second World War the tradition  was revived.

The concert is broadcast by television since 1978. Since 1981 the concert takes place at the Gewandhaus concert hall in Leipzig. It is broadcast every year and to watch it has become a New Year’s Eve tradition in Saxony.

The performance in the video took place in 1995. Gewandhaus Kapellmeister Professor Kurt Masur (1927 - 2015), who campaigned so courageously in 1989 for the peaceful course of the demonstrations in Leipzig against the tyranny of the GDR, conducted the Gewandhaus Orchestra.

[opera-ghosts]

OTD in Music History: Composer, conductor, and violinist Niels Gade (1817 – 1890) dies in Copenhagen. Although largely (and unjustly) forgotten today, Gade was an important musical figure in his day, and is generally considered to be the greatest Danish composer before Carl Nielsen (1865 – 1931). Gade began his illustrious career as a violinist with the Royal Danish Orchestra – but when the first performance of his first symphony faced delays in Copenhagen, he opted to send the score off to Felix Mendelssohn (1809 – 1847), instead. Mendelssohn premiered it in Leipzig to an enthusiastic public response, and, in the wake of that success, Gade quickly relocated to Leipzig where he taught at the Conservatory, served as an assistant conductor of the Gewandhaus Orchestra, and befriended both Mendelssohn and Robert Schumann (1810 – 1856). A highly accomplished conductor, Gade had the honor of holding the baton at the world premieres of Mendelssohn’s Violin Concerto (1844) and Schumann’s Piano Concerto (1845) -- with Clara Schumann (1819 - 1896) appearing as the soloist in the latter. Counted among Gade's own original works are eight symphonies, a violin concerto, and a wide array of attractive chamber music, as well as many pieces for solo piano and solo organ. PICTURED: A cabinet photograph showing the elderly Gade, which he signed and inscribed to an old friend in September 1886. In addition to writing out his name in the traditional manner alongside a warm message of friendship, Gade has also penned a clever “musical signature” (the notes G-A-D-E spelled out on the treble clef) and included a reference to their “mutual friend” “Mendelssohn” (who had already been dead for nearly 40 years at that point!) and “the many good times shared in Leipzig."

[ashleigh148]

Felix Mendelssohn (3 February 1809 – 4 November 1847)

I'm making stickers of some of my favourite quotes by composers, so I thought I'd share some Mendelssohn ones!

Here's also a link to my favourite recording of my favourite Mendy composition. I also love the little story behind it.

From wikipedia: Following his appointment in 1835 as principal conductor of the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, Mendelssohn named his childhood friend Ferdinand David as the orchestra's concertmaster. The work's origins derive from this professional collaboration. In a letter dated 30 July 1838, Mendelssohn wrote to David: "I should like to write a violin concerto for you next winter. One in E minor runs through my head, the beginning of which gives me no peace."

Bro, that opening motif is the goat, and I love how it repeats throughout the first movement in different variations.

[dollsdeger]

orchestra

Orchestra (English: Orchestra) is the largest and most complex orchestra type, possessing extremely powerful and extensive musical expression. Orchestras generally perform classical music or accompany operas, and sometimes accompanies popular music. Many modern orchestras also often accompany movies and produce movie soundtracks.Liebespuppen

When an orchestra performs, not all members must participate in the performance process; generally, the number of performers participating in the performance is also different depending on the needs of the performance. Most orchestras do not yet have players on all instruments. For example, many orchestras do not have a regular staff of harpists, saxophone players, pianists, jazz drummers, etc. Therefore, if the work to be performed includes instruments that they do not own, they usually collaborate with independent musicians, so the number of orchestra members is quite flexible.Love Dolls

An orchestra mostly consists of more than 70 performers, and some even have hundreds of performers. A smaller orchestra is also called a "Chamber Orchestra" (English: Chamber Orchestra). Chamber orchestras generally have less than 30 members. In between, there is the so-called "Sinfonietta Orchestra" (English: Sinfonietta Orchestra). , mainly performs works that are larger than real chamber music and smaller than "typical" modern large-scale orchestral works, such as symphonies or concertos of the Baroque or classical music schools in history, and their preparations are performed by medium-sized orchestras of 30 to 50 people.Lebensechte Sexpuppen

Some large orchestras are also called "symphony orchestra" (English: Symphony Orchestra) or "English: Philharmonic Orchestra" (English: Philharmonic Orchestra), and there is no substantial difference between the two titles. Sometimes when there are two orchestras in a city, they can be distinguished from each other, such as the London Symphony Orchestra and the London Philharmonic Orchestra in London, the Vienna Symphony Orchestra and the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra in Vienna, etc.Sexpuppen mit großem Po

In 1781, the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra was founded. It was an orchestra funded by local businessmen and was the beginning of a citizen orchestra. This kind of orchestra, which belonged to the middle-class citizens and was no longer affiliated with the nobility or the church, developed rapidly with the rise of the middle class in the 19th century. In 1842, the famous New York Philharmonic Orchestra and Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra were established one after another; members of these orchestras could cooperate for a long time and continuously improve their performances. For a long time, the orchestra played mainly for the opera house rather than giving concerts of its own. In the early 19th century, with the emergence of symphony and other musical forms, this situation gradually changed. At this time, some outstanding touring performers such as Paganini wrote concertos specifically to highlight their skills, and held concerts and collaborative performances with the local orchestra, which also indirectly enhanced the independent status of the orchestra. . With the formation of professional orchestras, musical instruments are constantly being improved and standardized.große brüste sexpuppen Woodwind and brass instruments are evolving day by day, and are constantly improving in the direction of being suitable for large-scale ensembles. In the mid-19th century, the French composer Berlioz made great contributions to the advancement of orchestral music. He conducted in-depth research and wrote the first monograph that systematically analyzed orchestral orchestration. At the end of the 19th century, during the late Romantic period, Wagner in Germany, Mahler in Austria, and Rimsky-Korsakov in Russia brought another improvement and evolution to orchestral techniques. Their musicals and symphonies , orchestral works, each created many advanced orchestral orchestration techniques, allowing the orchestra to express majestic momentum and rich and gorgeous colors. At this point, it has the basic prototype of future film scores.

[mrdirtybear]

Arthur Nikisch was born in Hungary on 12th Oct 1855 and died in Leipzig on 23rd Jan 1922. He held numerous important positions during his career including - conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, director of the Budapest Royal Opera, director of the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, principal conductor of the Berlin Philharmonic with whom he made one of the earliest recordings of a complete symphony, Beethoven's 5th, with the Berlin Philharmonic.

Arthur Nikisch. Boston 1891

[sonyclasica]

JAN VOGLER

LALO & CASALS: CELLO CONCERTOS

La obra maestra de Édouard Lalo (1823 - 1892), el Concierto para violonchelo y orquesta en re menor, combina influencias del folclore español con su estilo característico, que recuerda a los compositores alemanes. En 2023 cumple 200 años. Disponible el 3 de marzo.

Consíguelo AQUÍ

Aunque era francés, tenía ascendencia española y su famosa obra fue interpretada con frecuencia por el célebre violonchelista Pablo Casals, a quien está dedicado este álbum. Su hermano Enrique Casals (1892-1986) fue un destacado violinista, director de orquesta y compositor por derecho propio. Compuso el Concierto para violonchelo en fa mayor en 1946 bajo la fuerte influencia del mar y la naturaleza de Cataluña. El último movimiento es una sardana, una danza folclórica catalana cuya forma también utilizó Pablo Casals en muchas de sus obras, muy claramente inspirado en el Romanticismo tardío alemán.

Jan Vogler

El violonchelista Jan Vogler vive en Nueva York y Dresde. Actúa con orquestas de renombre internacional de todo el mundo, como la Filarmónica de Nueva York, la Orquesta de la Gewandhaus de Leipzig, la Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester de Berlín o la Orquesta Filarmónica de Londres. Su sólida base artística le ha permitido explorar los límites de su sonido, creando un diálogo continuo también con compositores e intérpretes contemporáneos. El New York Times elogia su "interpretación conmovedora y rica en matices" y el Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung le concede la capacidad de "hacer cantar a su violonchelo". Por su elogiada grabación de las suites para violonchelo de Bach recibió un Opus Klassik. Jan Vogler es director del renombrado Festival de Música de Dresde desde octubre de 2008, as�� como director artístico del Festival de Moritzburg desde 2001.

Josep Caballé Domenech

El director de orquesta de origen catalán Josep Caballé Domenech, director titular de la Orquesta del Festival de Moritzburg y de la Filarmónica de Colorado Springs y ex GMD de la Staatskapelle Halle, ha disfrutado de una exitosa carrera con un amplio repertorio de conciertos y ópera. Recibió el Premio Aspen de la Academia Americana de Dirección de Orquesta y fue incluido como "Protégé" en el ciclo inaugural de la Iniciativa Artística Rolex Mentor y Protégé 2002-03 de Sir Colin Davis.

Orquesta del Festival de Moritzburg

La fundación de la Academia del Festival de Moritzburg bajo la dirección de Mira Wang en 2006 siguió la visión de fomentar el talento de los jóvenes mediante el intercambio intercultural e intergeneracional y facilitar su entrada en la práctica concertística. Mediante un procedimiento anunciado a nivel internacional, cada año se seleccionan aproximadamente 45 músicos para participar. Juntos forman la Orquesta del Festival de Moritzburg, a las órdenes del director titular Josep Caballé Domenech. Gracias a una beca completa, trabajan en obras de música orquestal y de cámara que luego presentan en concierto. Con ocasión del 30º Festival de Moritzburg, en verano de 2022, el conjunto volvió a reunirse en otoño para grabar este álbum.

TRACKLIST

Édouard Lalo (1823 – 1892)

Concerto for Cello and Orchestra in D minor

1. Prélude. Lento – Allegro maestoso

2. Intermezzo. Andantino con moto – Allegro presto

3. Introduction. Andante – Rondo. Allegro vivace

 Enrique Casals (1892 – 1986) 

Concerto for Cello and Orchestra in F major in romantic serious style

4. Allegro moderato

5. Adagio doloroso

6. Finale. Tempo di sardana

World premiere recording

[dweemeister]

Romance for Violin and Orchestra No. 2 in F Major, Op. 50 -- composed by Ludwig van Beethoven; solo violin by Renaud Capuçon; performed by the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra under the direction of Kurt Masur

This performance of Beethoven’s Romance no. 2 was part of a Leipzig concert commemorating to 20th anniversary of the Berlin Wall’s fall, the nonviolent revolution that occurred that day in 1989.

Written in 1798 but not released until 1805, the compositional history of this piece was concurrent with Beethoven coming to terms with his own deafness. If there was any disillusionment or anger coursing through his head while writing this, it cannot be perceived.

[chrislambniagarafalls]

Grammy Award–winning percussionist Christopher Lamb has been hailed as a dynamic and versatile performer. Having joined the New York Philharmonic as Principal Percussionist in 1985, The Constance R. Hoguet Friends of the Philharmonic Chair, he subsequently made his solo debut with the orchestra in the world premiere of Joseph Schwantner’s Percussion Concerto, one of several commissions celebrating the Philharmonic’s 150th anniversary. He has since performed the work to critical acclaim with orchestras throughout the United States and in 2011 won a Grammy for Best Classical Instrumental Soloist for his recording of Schwantner’s Percussion Concerto with the Nashville Symphony.

Mr. Lamb also gave the world premiere of Tan Dun’s Concerto for Water Percussion, a second work commissioned for him by the New York Philharmonic, which he performed to rave reviews on the Philharmonic’s tour to South America, as well as in Asia and Europe with such notable orchestras as the London Philharmonic Orchestra, Amsterdam’s Royal Concertgebouw, Leipzig’s Gewandhaus Orchestra, and the Tokyo Metropolitan Symphony Orchestra. In the United States, he has performed the work with the Boston Symphony Orchestra, Baltimore Symphony, and the Pacific Symphony. Kurt Masur, New York Philharmonic Music Director Emeritus, selected Mr. Lamb’s performance of Tan Dun’s Concerto for Water Percussion for release in the orchestra’s collection of recordings highlighting his tenure as Music Director. The third commission for Mr. Lamb by the New York Philharmonic, Susan Botti’s Echo Tempo for Soprano, Percussion, and Orchestra, was given its world premiere by Ms. Botti, Mr. Lamb, and the New York Philharmonic under the baton of Mr. Masur.

[lambchris455]

Grammy Award–winning percussionist Christopher Lamb has been hailed as a dynamic and versatile performer. Having joined the New York Philharmonic as Principal Percussionist in 1985, The Constance R. Hoguet Friends of the Philharmonic Chair, he subsequently made his solo debut with the orchestra in the world premiere of Joseph Schwantner’s Percussion Concerto, one of several commissions celebrating the Philharmonic’s 150th anniversary. He has since performed the work to critical acclaim with orchestras throughout the United States and in 2011 won a Grammy for Best Classical Instrumental Soloist for his recording of Schwantner’s Percussion Concerto with the Nashville Symphony.

Mr. Lamb also gave the world premiere of Tan Dun’s Concerto for Water Percussion, a second work commissioned for him by the New York Philharmonic, which he performed to rave reviews on the Philharmonic’s tour to South America, as well as in Asia and Europe with such notable orchestras as the London Philharmonic Orchestra, Amsterdam’s Royal Concertgebouw, Leipzig’s Gewandhaus Orchestra, and the Tokyo Metropolitan Symphony Orchestra. In the United States, he has performed the work with the Boston Symphony Orchestra, Baltimore Symphony, and the Pacific Symphony. Kurt Masur, New York Philharmonic Music Director Emeritus, selected Mr. Lamb’s performance of Tan Dun’s Concerto for Water Percussion for release in the orchestra’s collection of recordings highlighting his tenure as Music Director. The third commission for Mr. Lamb by the New York Philharmonic, Susan Botti’s Echo Tempo for Soprano, Percussion, and Orchestra, was given its world premiere by Ms. Botti, Mr. Lamb, and the New York Philharmonic under the baton of Mr. Masur.

A member of the Manhattan School of Music faculty since 1989, Christopher Lamb has led clinics and master classes throughout the United States and on almost every continent. In 1999 he was the recipient of a Fulbright Scholars Award to lecture and conduct research in Australia. During his five-month residency at the Victorian College of the Arts in Melbourne, he presented master classes and seminars titled “A Comprehensive Examination of Orchestral Percussion,” which has grown into a model for the art of teaching percussion. In 2010 Mr. Lamb was invited to join the faculty of the Royal Conservatoire of Scotland as an international fellow.

Mr. Lamb has recorded chamber works on the New World, Cala, and CRI labels, and his Grammy Award–winning performance of Schwantner’s Percussion Concerto is available on the Naxos label. Christopher Lamb is a former member of the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra and Buffalo Philharmonic and a graduate of the Eastman School of Music.

[mrdirtybear]

A real photo postcard featuring a 1912 photograph of Arthur Nikisch. Arthur Nikisch was born in Hungary on 12th Oct 1855 and died in Leipzig on 23rd Jan 1922. He held numerous important positions during his career including - conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, director of the Budapest Royal Opera, director of the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, principal conductor of the Berlin Philharmonic with whom he made one of the earliest recordings of a complete symphony, Beethoven's 5th, with the Berlin Philharmonic.

[rabbitcruiser]

Leipzig (No. 2)

Leipzig is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. With a population of 600,000 inhabitants as of 2019 (1.1 million residents in the larger urban zone), it is Germany's eighth most populous city as well as the second most populous city in the area of former East Germany after (East) Berlin. Together with Halle (Saale), the largest city of the neighbouring state of Saxony-Anhalt, the city forms the polycentric conurbation of Leipzig-Halle. Between the two cities (in Schkeuditz) lies Leipzig/Halle Airport.

Leipzig is located about 160 kilometres (99 mi) southwest of Berlin in the Leipzig Bay, which constitutes the southernmost part of the North German Plain, at the confluence of the White Elster River (progression: Saale→ Elbe→ North Sea) and two of its tributaries: the Pleiße and the Parthe. The name of the city as well as the names of many of its boroughs are of Slavic origin.

Leipzig has been a trade city since at least the time of the Holy Roman Empire. The city sits at the intersection of the Via Regia and the Via Imperii, two important medieval trade routes. Leipzig was once one of the major European centres of learning and culture in fields such as music and publishing. After the Second World War and during the period of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) Leipzig remained a major urban centre in East Germany, but its cultural and economic importance declined. Events in Leipzig in 1989 played a significant role in precipitating the fall of communism in Central and Eastern Europe, mainly through demonstrations starting from St. Nicholas Church. The immediate effects of the reunification of Germany included the collapse of the local economy, which had come to depend on highly polluting heavy industry, severe unemployment, and urban blight. Starting around 2000, however, the decline was first arrested and then reversed and, since then, Leipzig has seen significant changes with the restoration of major historical buildings, the demolition of derelict properties of little historical value, and the development of new industries and a modern transport infrastructure.

Leipzig today is an economic centre, is rated as the most livable city in Germany by the GfK marketing research institution, and has the second-best future prospects of all cities in Germany according to HWWI[clarification needed] and Berenberg Bank. The city is one of two seats of the German National Library, as well as the seat of the German Federal Administrative Court. Leipzig Zoo is one of the most modern zoos in Europe and ranks first in Germany and second in Europe. Since the opening of the Leipzig City Tunnel in 2013, Leipzig forms the centrepiece of the S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland public transit system.  Leipzig is currently listed as a "Sufficiency" level global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, Germany's "Boomtown" and was the 2019 European City of the Year.

Leipzig has long been a major centre for msic, both classical as well as modern "dark alternative music" or darkwave genres. The Oper Leipzig is one of the most prominent opera houses in Germany. Leipzig is also home to the University of Music and Theatre "Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy". The Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, established in 1743, is one of the oldest symphony orchestras in the world. Johann Sebastian Bach is one among many major composers who lived and worked in Leipzig and, during a stay in the city, Friedrich Schiller wrote his poem "Ode to Joy".

Source: Wikipedia  

[thatswhywelovegermany]

October 9, 1989: Demonstration of 70,000 in Leipzig becomes the tipping point of the peaceful revolution in the GDR

30 years ago, on Monday, October 9, 1989, 70,000 citizens of the GDR gathered in Leipzig for an unauthorized demonstration against the ruling Socialist Unity Party of East Germany (SED), their resistance against reforms similar to those taking place in other countries of the Eastern Bloc, and rigged elections. Despite an armed police force of 8000, the demonstration remained peaceful and was not suppressed forcefully as it had happened in Beijing only weeks before.

The population of the GDR, encouraged by the first sign of the communist state bowing to pressure, replicated demonstrations like this in other cities, putting even more pressure on the SED dictatorship, which, together with the mass-exodus of East German citizens over the open western borders of the neighboring states finally led to the collapse of communist power, the fall of the Berlin wall, the opening of the inner-German borders, and ultimately the German reunification.

Why and by whom the armed police and military forces that had been deployed to Leipzig in order to forcefully dissolve any demonstration were stopped is not completely clear to this day. Disobedience by intermediate officers surely played a decisive role. The sheer mass of people (almost 15 % of the city's population) may have been a contributing factor. A message of peace initiated by a committee of six, which included dissident SED politicians and the respected conductor of the Gewandhaus Orchestra, Kurt Masur, had been broadcast through the city’s loudspeaker announcement system. The protesters chanted not only “WE are the people!”, but also “NO violence!”, intimidating the armed forces, many of which were anyway wary about inflicting violence on their potential neighbors (some divisions even refused to leave their barracks). Communication from East Berlin to Leipzig aiming at enforcing the violent oppression was hampered by the circumstance that the chairman of the SED district of Leipzig was ill and could not forward the messages. Apparently, the armed forces were held back at short notice and despite everything was prepared for a bloody escalation: Additional hospital beds and blood transfusions had been brought in the days before. State leader Egon Krenz’s claim that is was him who ordered the forces not to intervene remains unsubstantiated. In the end, a situation that was on the verge of turning out like the Tiananmen Square Massacre remained peaceful thanks to the prudent behavior of everyone involved.