#India agriculture

[scorebetter]

India Agriculture

Indian agriculture is the primary source of livelihood for India’s population. As of 2018, agriculture employed more than 50% of the Indian work force and contributed 17–18% to country's GDP.

Indian agriculture is the primary source of livelihood for India’s population. As of 2018, agriculture employed more than 50% of the Indian work force and contributed 17–18% to country’s GDP. The history of agriculture in India dates back to the Indus Valley Civilization. India ranks second worldwide in farm outputs. There are hymns in Vedic literature dedicated to – Agriculture. Consumer…

[fpotci01]

How FPOs are Revolutionizing Smallholder Farming in India?

India's agriculture sector is a cornerstone of its economy, yet smallholder farmers—those owning less than two hectares of land—face numerous challenges. These include limited access to quality inputs, poor market linkages, and financial constraints. Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) have emerged as a transformative solution to address these issues, revolutionizing smallholder farming in India.

By fostering collective action and leveraging resources, FPOs empower small farmers to improve their productivity, profitability, and overall livelihoods. Let’s explore how FPOs are changing the game for smallholder farmers across India.

What Are FPOs?

Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) are groups of farmers who come together to collectively address their agricultural challenges. These organizations can take the form of cooperatives, societies, or Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs), registered under the Companies Act.

The primary objective of an FPO is to enhance the economic and social well-being of its members by enabling them to pool resources, share knowledge, and access better markets and inputs.

The Challenges Faced by Smallholder Farmers

Smallholder farmers in India account for over 80% of the farming community. Despite their significant contribution to the agricultural sector, they face numerous challenges:

Low Bargaining Power: Individually, small farmers have little influence over market prices.

High Input Costs: Limited access to affordable seeds, fertilizers, and machinery.

Market Access: Dependence on middlemen leads to reduced profits.

Financial Constraints: Difficulty in accessing credit and insurance.

Limited Knowledge: Lack of awareness about modern farming techniques and sustainable practices.

How FPOs Are Revolutionizing Smallholder Farming

1. Enhancing Bargaining Power

FPOs aggregate the produce of multiple farmers, enabling them to sell in bulk and negotiate better prices. This collective strength allows smallholders to compete in larger markets and earn fairer returns for their produce.

2. Reducing Input Costs

Through bulk purchasing, FPOs provide farmers with access to high-quality seeds, fertilizers, and equipment at discounted rates. This reduces production costs and ensures that smallholders can invest in their farms without financial strain.

3. Improving Market Access

FPOs connect farmers directly with buyers, wholesalers, and retailers, eliminating the need for middlemen. This ensures that farmers receive a fair share of the profits and enhances their income stability.

4. Providing Financial Services

Access to credit is a significant hurdle for smallholder farmers. FPOs facilitate loans, insurance, and subsidies through partnerships with banks and financial institutions. Platforms like the NABARD FPO Portal play a crucial role in providing financial support to FPOs.

5. Promoting Knowledge Sharing

FPOs organize training sessions and workshops to educate farmers about modern agricultural practices, sustainable farming techniques, and post-harvest management. This knowledge empowers smallholders to improve productivity and adopt environmentally friendly methods.

6. Encouraging Crop Diversification

By pooling resources and sharing knowledge, FPOs encourage farmers to diversify their crops, reducing dependency on a single crop and mitigating risks associated with price fluctuations or crop failures.

7. Leveraging Technology

FPOs use digital platforms like the FPO Hub and Interactive Data Platform to provide real-time information about weather, market trends, and best practices. This helps farmers make informed decisions and optimize their operations.

Success Stories of FPOs in India

Across India, numerous FPOs have demonstrated how collective action can transform smallholder farming:

Example 1: Organic Farming Initiatives

Several FPOs have successfully marketed organic produce, tapping into high-value markets and securing premium prices for their members. This shift has not only increased farmers' incomes but also promoted sustainable farming practices.

Example 2: Value-Added Products

FPOs involved in value addition, such as processing fruits into jams or milk into cheese, have enabled smallholders to earn higher profits by moving up the value chain.

Example 3: Women-Led FPOs

Women-led FPOs have empowered female farmers, providing them with financial independence and a platform to contribute actively to the agricultural sector.

The Role of Government and Institutions

The Indian government, along with institutions like NABARD and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), has been instrumental in promoting FPOs. Key initiatives include:

1. NABARD FPO Portal

This platform facilitates FPO registration, funding, and capacity building, ensuring that FPOs have the resources they need to thrive.

2. Subsidies and Grants

Government schemes provide financial support to FPOs for infrastructure development, training, and market linkages.

3. Digital Platforms

Platforms like the FPO Hub and FPO Platform for India offer digital solutions to enhance collaboration, data management, and market access for FPOs.

Benefits of FPOs for Smallholder Farmers

Economic Benefits

Increased income through better prices and reduced input costs.

Access to financial services, reducing dependency on moneylenders.

Social Benefits

Enhanced collaboration and knowledge sharing among farmers.

Empowerment of women and marginalized communities.

Environmental Benefits

Promotion of sustainable farming practices.

Encouragement of organic farming and crop diversification.

Challenges and the Way Forward

Despite their success, FPOs face several challenges:

Awareness: Many farmers are unaware of the benefits of joining an FPO.

Funding: Newly formed FPOs often struggle to access sufficient capital.

Capacity Building: Training and professional management are critical for the success of FPOs.

To overcome these challenges, there is a need for increased government support, private sector involvement, and the development of robust digital platforms.

Conclusion

Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) are revolutionizing smallholder farming in India by addressing critical challenges and empowering farmers through collective action. By improving market access, reducing costs, and promoting sustainable practices, FPOs are not only enhancing the livelihoods of smallholder farmers but also contributing to the growth of India's agricultural sector.

As the backbone of Indian agriculture, smallholder farmers deserve the support and resources that FPOs provide. With continued efforts from the government, private sector, and institutions like NABARD, FPOs can drive a brighter and more prosperous future for Indian agriculture.

If you're a farmer or an advocate for sustainable agriculture, consider exploring or supporting FPOs in your region. Together, we can transform the agricultural landscape of India. For more information, visit: https://fpo.tci.cornell.edu/

[gaelic]

Three harvesters in an ocean of tea plantations of Munnar mountains

2023-11-20 India, Kerala, Munnar

[noosphe-re]

One cannot have beautiful trees without loving them. Neither goodness of soil, nor rich manure, nor favourable situations will alone make them thrive, but it is the gardener's affection which make them strong and vigorous.

LeGendre, Superintendent of the Royal Gardens under Louis XIII in 1652 (from Fruit Growing In India by W.B. Hayes)

[reasonsforhope]

"A Delhi-based engineer has designed a replacement for polystyrene packaging out of “rice stubble” the dead stalks left over after the rice season in India, millions of tons of which are burned every year.

They say wisdom oft comes from the mouths of babes, and Mr. Arpit Dhupar was at first left scratching his head when his young nephew drew a picture of the world with a grey sky.

Everything else was normal, green grass, yellow sun, white and brown mountains; why was the sky grey? It dawned on him that his nephew was drawing the sky as he saw it every year when the rice stubble was burned: grey.

“We shouldn’t live in a world where we have to explain to kids that the sky should be painted blue. It should be a given,” he told The Better India.

So he launched a new business venture called Dharaksha Ecosystems in order to tackle the rice stubble problem. Essentially, the farmers need it cleared off their land asap after harvest. Its high moisture content means it’s not useful for stove fuel, so they burn it in massive pyres.

In his factory, he turns 250 metric tons of rice stubble harvested from 100 acres of farmland in Punjab and Haryana into packaging, while paying the farmers a rate of $30 per acre for something they would usually burn.

Dhupar originally wanted to use mushrooms to rapidly biodegrade baled stacks of rice stubble, but found that the fungus left behind a metabolite that wasn’t biodegradable—in other words, he’d have to create a waste problem to solve a waste problem.

Over time he realized that the filaments that make up the subterranean structure of the mushrooms, called mycelium, were acting as a sort of binding agent, turning the baled stubble into something durable.

“This wasn’t a waste material but could be a usable one,” said Dhupar. “Through bio-fabrication, we could use the stubble waste to create a material similar to [polystyrene], but one that was biodegradable.”

There are a lot of these sorts of sustainable packaging ideas floating around, invented by people who rarely have experience in markets and commerce. This is not the case with Dhupar’s stubble packaging.

He has already prevented over half a million pounds of polystyrene from entering landfills since launching his product, which has numerous, exceptional properties.

They sell around 20 metric tons of their product every month, making about $30.5 thousand dollars per annum, mostly by selling to glassware companies."

-via Good News Network, 3/22/23

[aranyaani]

happy to see this change. lately I've been so disappointed by the growing trend of farmers preferring exotic vegetables over local ones because they sell for a higher price. this restores my faith in Indian agriculture

[nemfrog]

Fig. 58. India and Ceylon rice acreage. Each dot represents 10,000 acres. Geography of the world's agriculture. 1917.

[workersolidarity]

(subtitles are autogenerated and are not particularly accurate)

🇮🇳 🚜 🚨

MASSIVE FARMER'S PROTESTS OUTSIDE INDIAN CAPITAL AND ACROSS THE NORTH OF THE COUNTRY

📹 Massive protests are confronted with teargas, armed police with rubber bullets and drones as thousands of farmers, mostly in India's northern Punjab region, protest on Tuesday demanding a Minimum Support Price or MSP for all crops to raise farmer's income.

Dozens of Farmer's unions participated in the strikes, calling for a "Delhi Chalo" or March to Delhi.

Police in and around the capital have erected barriers on highways surrounding New Delhi, and have begun firing tear gas and rubber bullets at the approaching farmers.

Tractors, along with thousands of farm hands, are seen in footage nearing the outskirts of New Delhi, in the northern Haryana state, being confronted by officers with gas and smoke bombs, including some dropped from buzzing drones overhead.

Authorities have shut down Internet services in some areas where protestors approach, and have erected concrete roadblocks and barriers, while local officials have banned public gatherings and are deploying extra security personnel.

Officials in New Delhi emphasized that sufficient police and paramilitary personnel have been deployed to all entry points to the city.

Farmers are demanding dozens of changes, including a new MSP or floor price for crops to increase and guarantee farmer income, as well as a full debit waiver, according to local union officials.

Political officials in New Delhi say they're open to talks, with Agriculture Minister, Arjun Munda telling reporters on Tuesday that the Federal government already is "bound to protect the interest of farmers."

"Farmers also need to understand that inconvenience shouldn’t be caused to the public,” Minister Munda said, adding the government was always ready for negotiations with the Farmer's unions.

“We are ready to do everything possible to find a solution to this issue,” he said.

#source

#videosource

@WorkerSolidarityNews

[probablyasocialecologist]

A new study launched this week highlights the work of Andhra Pradesh Community-Managed Natural Farming (APCNF) and the remarkable untapped potential of agroecological natural farming in Andhra Pradesh, India.  Spanning over 6 million hectares, and involving 6 million farmers and 50 million consumers, the APCNF represents the largest agroecological transition in the world. Amidst the diverse landscapes of Andhra Pradesh, this state-wide movement is addressing a multitude of development challenges—rural livelihoods, access to nutritious food, biodiversity loss, climate change, water scarcity, and pollution—and their work is redefining the way we approach food systems. Farmers practicing agroecology have witnessed remarkable yield increases. Conventional wisdom suggests that chemical-intensive farming is necessary to maintain high yields. But this study shows agroecological methods were just as productive, if not more so: natural inputs have achieved equal or higher yields compared to the other farming systems—on average, these farms saw an 11% increase in yields—while maintaining higher crop diversity. This significant finding challenges the notion that harmful chemicals are indispensable for meeting the demands of a growing population. The advantages of transitioning to natural farming in Andhra Pradesh have gone beyond just yields. Farmers who used agroecological approaches received higher incomes as well, while villages that used natural farming had higher employment rates. Thanks to greater crop diversity in their farming practice, farmers using agroecology had greater dietary diversity in their households than conventional farmers. The number of ‘sick days’ needed by farmers using natural farming was also significantly lower than those working on chemically-intensive farms. Another important finding was the significant increase in social ‘capital’: community cohesion was higher in natural farming villages, and knowledge sharing had greatly increased—significantly aided by women. The implications for these findings are significant: community-managed natural farming can support not just food security goals, but also sustainable economic development and human development. The study overall sheds light on a promising and optimistic path toward addressing geopolitical and climate impacts, underlining the critical significance of food sovereignty and access to nourishing, wholesome food for communities. Contrary to the misconception that relentlessly increasing food production is the sole solution to cater to a growing population, the truth reveals a different story. While striving for higher yields remains important, the root cause of hunger worldwide does not lie in scarcity, as farmers already produce more than enough to address it. Instead, food insecurity is primarily driven by factors such as poverty, lack of democracy, poor distribution, a lack of post-harvest handling, waste, and unequal access to resources. 

[demigod-of-the-agni]

i'm finding it so surprising that no one (yes including me) hasn't really done any exploration into pavitr's village life. it's in his (comic) lore, it's where his story is first started out, and lowkey it never gets talked about, neither by the audience nor marvel. we're gonna change that >:)

no but i completely understand why we as the audience mightn't've delved into this route before. most of us online folk don't have *that* much experience working on the land. i'm not judging anyone for it, it's just something i've noted. on that note i'm pointing fingers at marvel themselves for brushing over such an important facet of the character- he's got all the hallmarks of regular peter parker spider-man, but where peter's stories oft highlight his origins and the different experiences he has as someone from the suburbs, the same isn't done for pavitr!! there are no flashbacks to his time as a village boy after he moves into mumbai!!! there is no discussion regarding any experience in his youth!!! (there is exactly only 1 flashback in 2023's SMI #5 and it is only 6 panels long talking about helping those in need). that whole portion of his life is just NOT THERE and i can't keep living life like this.

truth be told the only reason i'm even making this post at all is because i got a little too inspired by the stories my parents have told me. we've got tales of parents disobeying their parents and playing out in the streets 'til nightfall and all that. but hearing my parents talking about the joy they've managed to find between hours of tending the crops, going to school, catching the buses, avoiding spooky marshes and abandoned houses, catching rainwater and racing paper boats, making sculptures out of clay and twine, catching fish in the wells and butterflies between bushes, being present in communities and village gatherings...there is so much more to life than we realise.

i'm genuinely not talking about cottagecore aesthetics when i say i think working on the land might've healed something in me. sure a bunch of the things that i do now might definitely be squandered, but different parts of me *could* have flourished if i was tilling and such. many of the core parts of me would've remained, but i'd probably be putting my energy in a bunch of other things (like tilling and such, obviously. and then crying over harvests). the second-generation immigrants yearn for the fields (it's me, i'm the second-generation immigrant).

FURTHERMORE (with uppercase and in bold, that's when you know i'm being serious) if i were to take a more sociopolitical look at things, i think pavitr being personally connected to the land in some way, shape or form can actually provide insight into the livelihoods of modern agriculture and the farming industry. obviously centred on desi farming practices, but also on the global scale, if that can be allowed. he can shed light on a bunch of issues!!! he can fight for the rights of farmers, of those who tend to the land, and the members of the community!!!!

i don't know! i don't know. i just think spider-man india can provide a beautiful avenue to explore and appreciate the livelihoods of farmers and rural and/or indigenous communities. he can also highlight societal issues working against them and shed light on ways we can better everyone's circumstances while preserving these unique experiences and cultural practices. i don't know. i just think it's neat.

pavitr prabhakar, if only marvel would let me into spidey hq i'd do you SO MANY FAVOURS i'd bring in a new age of spidey india comics fr fr i'd also blast nick lowe into the sun so in fact spider man would be free forever from stupid idiots

[agriculturelogos]

Unofficial flag and logo used in New York protests (showing support for the Indian farmers protests in 2021)

#agriculture #farming #farm #farmer #farmers protests #agri #India #NYC #New York

[fpotci01]

Interactive Data Platforms: A Game-Changer for FPOs in India

In India, where agriculture is the backbone of the economy, Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) have emerged as a transformative force. These organizations enable small and marginal farmers to pool resources, access better markets, and achieve collective economic goals. However, FPOs face significant challenges, from fragmented supply chains to limited market insights.

Enter interactive data platforms—a technological innovation revolutionizing how FPOs function. These platforms provide real-time insights, streamline operations, and connect farmers to broader markets, making them a game-changer for FPO agriculture in India.

This blog explores the role of interactive data platforms in empowering FPOs, overcoming challenges, and driving sustainable growth in Indian agriculture.

Understanding Interactive Data Platforms for FPOs

An interactive data platform is a digital tool that collects, analyzes, and presents data in a user-friendly format. For FPOs, these platforms consolidate information about market trends, weather patterns, crop yields, pricing, and supply chain logistics.

Key features include:

Real-Time Data: Access to up-to-date information on markets, weather, and resources.

Predictive Analytics: Tools that forecast market demands and climatic changes.

Customizable Dashboards: Easy-to-use interfaces tailored to FPO needs.

Collaboration Tools: Features for communication and decision-making among FPO members.

With government initiatives like the nabard fpo portal and private-sector innovations, these platforms are becoming integral to the functioning of Farmer Producer Organizations in India.

Challenges Faced by FPOs in India

Despite their potential, FPOs in India grapple with several obstacles:

Limited Market Access: Many FPOs struggle to find buyers for their produce, often relying on intermediaries.

Inadequate Infrastructure: Lack of proper storage, transportation, and technology hinders efficiency.

Fragmented Data: Farmers rarely have access to consolidated and actionable data.

Financial Constraints: Limited capital restricts investments in modern tools and technologies.

Policy Barriers: Navigating complex regulations and registrations, such as those on the FPO Platform for India, can be daunting.

Interactive data platforms are uniquely positioned to address these challenges by providing actionable insights and fostering better decision-making.

How Interactive Data Platforms Empower FPOs

1. Enhancing Market Linkages

Interactive data platforms connect FPOs directly to buyers, bypassing intermediaries. These platforms display real-time market prices, buyer preferences, and demand trends, enabling FPOs to sell their produce at fair rates.

For example, FPOs can use platforms to list bulk produce and negotiate directly with wholesalers, exporters, and retailers.

2. Streamlining Supply Chains

Efficient supply chain management is critical for reducing post-harvest losses and ensuring timely delivery. Data platforms map logistics, optimize routes, and track shipments in real time.

This not only reduces costs but also ensures that fresh produce reaches markets on time, enhancing farmer incomes.

3. Improving Resource Management

From water usage to fertilizer application, interactive data platforms guide farmers in resource optimization. By analyzing soil health and weather patterns, these tools recommend sustainable practices, reducing costs and environmental impact.

4. Boosting Financial Access

Data platforms also play a role in helping FPOs secure loans and subsidies. They maintain records of productivity and financial performance, which can be presented to banks and government bodies for funding approval.

5. Training and Capacity Building

Interactive platforms often include e-learning modules, helping farmers and FPO leaders stay updated on best practices, compliance requirements, and market trends.

Benefits of Interactive Data Platforms for FPOs

Increased Transparency: Farmers can access information that was previously limited to middlemen.

Better Decision-Making: Data-driven insights help FPOs make informed choices about crop planning, pricing, and market entry.

Higher Incomes: By connecting directly to premium markets and reducing operational costs, FPOs can maximize profits.

Environmental Sustainability: Real-time data on weather and soil conditions promotes eco-friendly farming practices.

Community Empowerment: FPO members feel more confident and united when they have access to reliable information.

Real-Life Impact of Interactive Data Platforms

Interactive data platforms are already making a tangible impact:

FPO Hub Success Stories: Platforms like the FPO Hub provide farmers with detailed market intelligence, enabling them to export their produce globally.

Improved Logistics: Data-driven route planning has reduced transportation costs for many FPOs, particularly in remote regions.

Climate-Smart Agriculture: Farmers are using weather forecasts from data platforms to time sowing and irrigation, minimizing losses from unexpected climate events.

Challenges in Adopting Interactive Data Platforms

While the benefits are immense, the adoption of interactive data platforms faces hurdles:

Digital Literacy: Many FPO members are not familiar with using digital tools.

Connectivity Issues: Rural areas often lack reliable internet access, limiting the effectiveness of these platforms.

Initial Costs: Setting up and maintaining a data platform requires investment, which some FPOs cannot afford.

Data Security: Ensuring that sensitive information is protected is a growing concern.

To overcome these challenges, collaboration between governments, private companies, and FPOs is essential.

The Way Forward

1. Government Support

Increased funding and subsidies for FPOs to adopt interactive platforms can accelerate their usage. Policies like those under the FPO Platform for India can be expanded to include digital tools.

2. Private Sector Involvement

Agri-tech companies can partner with FPOs to offer affordable and user-friendly platforms. Collaboration between stakeholders will be key to scaling this innovation.

3. Digital Training

Workshops and e-learning initiatives can improve digital literacy among farmers, ensuring they can leverage these tools effectively.

4. Infrastructure Development

Investing in rural internet connectivity and mobile accessibility will make these platforms more accessible to all.

Conclusion

Interactive data platforms are not just a tool—they are a transformative force for FPOs in India. By addressing critical challenges in market access, resource management, and decision-making, these platforms empower farmers to thrive in a competitive and changing agricultural landscape.

As more FPOs embrace these technologies, the vision of a connected, sustainable, and profitable agricultural sector in India becomes closer to reality. With the right support and collaboration, interactive data platforms can truly be the game-changer that Indian agriculture needs.

FPOs are not just growing crops; they are sowing the seeds of a sustainable and prosperous future for Indian farming. And interactive data platforms are ensuring that this future is within reach for every farmer. For more information, visit: https://fpo.tci.cornell.edu/

[gaelic]

Tea harvester going down a slippery hill with their heavy load of tea leaves.

It was the end of the day, harvesters were only women, more than a douzain, but a man came with a truck to load all the bags. He was weighing every bag and the salary of the workers depended on it. 

I had been around making photos for some time, observing silently, until one of the women pointed at me and her bag saying something like, help me instead of taking pictures. I said ok, no problem, and pretended I could not lift the bag to make them all laugh and they did. But I’m almost sure I could never have lifted it, put it on my head and walked down this brutal slope.

2023-11-20 India, Kerala, Munnar

[lethimfertilise]

Thanks to 2024!

The last day of 2024… I still remember how excited we were at the turn of the millennium, and now a quarter of a century has passed.

It’s been an interesting and challenging year. But the way it ends reminds me of December 2021. I’m not going to compare fertiliser and agricultural commodity prices or make any sort of direct comparison; I’m talking about that general feeling. At the end of 2021, apart from the political tension between Ukraine and Russia, there was deferred demand. Consumers in the main “spring” markets had missed the chance to buy at lower prices and decided to wait until the application season, essentially hitting reset.

This year, by contrast, we’re on the verge of some kind of de-escalation between Ukraine and Russia. However, demand remains deferred: India, which is supposed to be urea self-sufficient in 2025; the US, which is lagging behind its usual purchase pace; and the EU, with rising gas prices and decreasing production.

A quick word about gas prices. Let’s closely watch whether “third-country” gas will be allowed to flow through Ukraine’s gas infrastructure. Interestingly, history seems to be repeating itself. For those unfamiliar, just google RusUkrEnergo. The idea of “third-country” gas flowing through Ukraine isn’t new.

But until (or if) this happens, the EU remains in a highly uncertain position regarding gas supply, especially during the winter months. Add to that Iran’s production challenges and Southeast Asia’s unstable supply...

I haven’t forgotten about China. It could be a game changer if or when they decide to export. However, I sense the country is undergoing some kind of internal regulatory shift, and those rules haven’t been clearly defined yet.

I stopped categorising years as “good” or “bad” a long time ago. Every year is a part of my life and personal history, and I’m grateful for each one. I’m also thankful to all of you who read my posts, to my sellers and buyers, shipowners and logistics providers, banks and financial institutions. And, of course, my biggest shout-out and best wishes for 2025 go to my business partners and colleagues at GG Trading DMCC. What an honour it is to be part of this amazing team!

Happy New Year, everyone! Best wishes, and enjoy this wonderful life!

#company #imstory #market #fertilizers #fertilisers #russia #ukraine #urea #analysis #happynewyear #ggtrading #europe #usa #china #iran 

[bumblebeeappletree]

Permaculture instructor Andrew Millison journeys to India to film the epic work of the Paani Foundation’s Water Cup Competition and Farmer's Cup Competition. We tour the village of Pemgiri, in Maharashtra, who competed in the 2019 competition to install the most amount of water harvesting structures in a 45 day period, and competed had farmer's groups compete in the Farmers Cup Competition in 2023. Guided by Paani Foundation’s chief advisor, Dr. Avinash Pol, we visit the work and see the effects of a watershed-scale groundwater restoration project that has dramatically improved the lives, economy, ecology and stability of this village, and experience the feeling of deep stability that comes with a healthy and abundant landscape.

Paani Foundation:

https://www.paanifoundation.in/

Digital Map Animation:

https://www.pearlriverecodesign.com/

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