#H.H. Asquith

[mortonmattd]

Amazing Historical Events That Occurred on 4/8🎉 #shorts #history #histor...

Amazing Historical Events That Occurred on April 8th

April 8th has been the witness of some of the most fascinating historical events in human history. From the assassination of a Roman Emperor to the discovery of a world-famous statue, this date has been etched in the annals of history as a day of great significance. In this video, we take a closer look at some of the amazing events that took place on April 8th, spanning centuries and continents.We begin our journey in 217 AD when the Roman Emperor Caracalla was assassinated. He was succeeded by Marcus Opellius Macrinus who became the first person of non-aristocratic birth to become the Emperor of Rome. This event was a turning point in the history of the Roman Empire and marked the beginning of a new era.

Fast forward to 1455, and we witness the election of Alfonso de Borgia as Pope Callistus III. This was a significant moment in the history of the Catholic Church as Borgia was known for his efforts to clean up the Church's corrupt practices. His papacy was marked by several reforms and initiatives that had a long-lasting impact on the Church.

Moving on to 1766, we come across the first patented fire escape. This invention revolutionized the way people thought about safety measures in the face of fire accidents. The fire escape featured a wicker basket on a pulley and chain that could be lowered to the ground for people to escape during a fire. This invention has since evolved into the modern fire escape systems we see today.

In 1820, the world was introduced to one of the most iconic statues of all time- the Venus de Milo. This statue was discovered on the Aegean island of Milos and is believed to have been created by Alexandros of Antioch. It has since become a symbol of classical art and a popular tourist attraction in the Louvre Museum in Paris.

In 1879, the dairy industry was revolutionized with the introduction of milk sold in glass bottles. This was a major breakthrough as it ensured the purity and freshness of the milk, something that was not possible with the earlier methods of selling milk in open containers. This innovation transformed the way people consumed milk and paved the way for modern dairy practices.

Finally, in 1908, H.H. Asquith took over as British Prime Minister, succeeding Henry Campbell-Bannerman. Asquith's tenure was marked by several key events including the passing of the People's Budget, which introduced several reforms that helped to reduce poverty and inequality in Britain.

In conclusion, April 8th has been the witness of some of the most significant historical events in human history. These events have had a profound impact on the world we live in today and serve as a reminder of the power of human innovation and perseverance in the face of challenges.

In 217 AD, the Roman Emperor Caracalla was tragically assassinated, and succeeded by Marcus Opellius Macrinus. In 1455, Alfonso de Borgia was elected as Pope Callistus III, a pivotal moment in the history of the Catholic Church. Fast forward to 1766, and the very first fire escape was patented, featuring a wicker basket on a pulley and chain. In 1820, the world was introduced to the iconic Venus de Milo statue, discovered on the Aegean island of Milos. In 1879, milk was sold in glass bottles for the first time, revolutionizing the dairy industry. And finally in 1908, H.H. Asquith took over as British Prime Minister, succeeding Henry Campbell-Bannerman. https://bit.ly/freebetwithCrypto

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[dvandom]

Well, the source says it's from the magazine Punch in 1910, which suggests British politicians as both squirrels and the bird.

The PM at the time, H.H. Asquith, could be the person caricatured as the right-hand squirrel.

Aha, reading his Wikipedia entry shows that in 1910, getting rid of the veto power in the House of Lords was a big issue, due to a deadlock between the Commons and the Lords over the budget. In 1911, the veto power would be entirely removed, and it looks like the Punch cartoon anticipated such an outcome. The left-hand squirrel might be the newly crowned George V?

The bird is almost definitely a caricature of Lord Balfour, Asquith's predecessor as PM, and ally of the recalcitrant Lords in 1910.

More gruesomely, I'm pretty sure that the Veto being eaten is made of the corpses of baby birds. So, either the context is that the Liberals were monsters devouring the nation's future by trying to destroy the veto power of the Lords, or this was a cruel "Ha ha, Conservatives, your power's going away!"

Source details and larger version.

I’ve squirreled away a modest collection of vintage squirrel imagery.

[ulysses-posts]

History Repeating Itself

Over the past 23 months, parallels have been drawn between the response to the Covid crisis and Nazism, Stalinism, and assorted dictatorships regarding measures such as lockdowns, assorted restrictions, forced masking and vaccinations, as well as vaccination passes; not to mention as well the censorship of alternative voices and the crushing of dissent in places like Canada and Australia. In our…

[mariacallous]

Clementine felt duty bound to follow his reconversion—at least publicly—taking the spitting, brick-throwing and booing alongside him, but as Mary related, she never made a “good Tory,” and occasionally her “natural radicalism would burst through the layers of reasonable compliance like a volcanic eruption, often to people’s astonished bewilderment.” Even Violet recognized Clementine as a true “natural Liberal” who never ceased to promote to Winston what she saw as Liberal values. Clementine’s feelings about Tories, whom she described as variously stupid, inefficient and reveling in “slaughter & the Army,” were doused with suspicion.

From Clementine: The Life of Mrs. Winston Churchill by Sonia Purnell

“Mary” is one of the daughters of Clementine and Winston. Mary Churchill (later Soames). “Violet” is the daughter of H.H. Asquith (Liberal Prime Minister 1908-1916), Violet Asquith, better known as Violet Bonham-Carter

[georgefairbrother]

British Prime Minister H.H Asquith struggled to hold his Liberal government together over the issue of going to war in 1914. 

A subsequent shell shortage would become a major scandal forcing Asquith to embrace a coalition Cabinet. He was succeeded by fellow Liberal David Lloyd George in 1916, and a coalition government remained in place under Lloyd George until 1922

[twf100]

Raymond Asquith, son of at the time British Prime Minister H.H. Asquith, killed at the Somme on September 16 1916. Asquith is buried at the Guillemont Road Cemetery near Guillemont France.

July 11, 2019

[angel-princess-anna]

Downton Abbey - References to Historical Figures + References to Other Fictional Characters and Works

The following are two lists; one are real people who where mentioned on Downton Abbey, and the other is fictional characters and works that were also mentioned in the show. I complied these two lists together (because sometimes I had to research what was indeed being referenced!). As I didn’t know if I’d ever been sharing these lists, I don’t have the episode numbers listed out, but they do go in order by mention.

Real Historical Figures Mentioned in Downton

* means that the person was not contemporary of the characters and there for famous or well-known to them. Others without it may not be known personally by them, but are their contemporaries. Some of these have made it to the character list, if for sure they did indeed know the Crawleys, or other any other major character.

- Lucy Rothes (Titanic survivor, friend of the Crawleys) - John Jacob "JJ" Astor (business man who died on Titanic, friend of the Crawleys) - Madeleine Astor (not mentioned by name, but as JJ's wife, Titanic survivor, Cora did not like her) - Sir Christopher Wren* (architect, designed the Dower House) - David Lloyd George (politician and Prime Minister starting in 1916) - William the Conqueror* - Mark Twain* (author) - Queen Mary (wife of King George V) [mentioned in S1, appears in S4CS] - Queen Catherine of Aragon* - Oliver Cromwell* - Bishop Richard de Warren* - Anthony Trollope* (author; he would have been somewhat contemporary, died in 1882) - Piero della Francesca* (painter) - Franz Anton Mesmer* (scientist) - Thomas Jefferson* (politician, inventor, third president of the United States) - Léon Bakst (Russian painter and scene- and costume designer) - Sergei Diaghilev (another Russian artist) - Edith Vane-Tempest-Stewart, Marchioness of Londonderry (sounds like the Crawleys did attend her parties from time to time) - Emily Davison (suffragist) - Herbert Henry "H.H." Asquith (politician and Prime Minister until 1916) - Kaiser Wilheim (ruler of Germany; Sir Anthony personally visited him a few times) - Vincenzo Bellini* (composer) - Gioachino Rossini* (composer) - Giacomo Puccini* (composer) - Karl Marx* (philosopher) - John Ruskin*  (social thinker and artist; he would have been somewhat contemporary, died in 1900) - John Stuart Mill* (philosopher) - Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria - Guy Fawkes* - Gavrilo Princip (member of the Black Hand and Franz Ferdinand's assassin) - H.G. Wells (author) - Major General B. Burton - Heinrich Schliemann* (German businessman archaeologist, died in 1890; deleted scene mention) - General Douglas Haig (later a field marshal) - Belshazzar* (King of Babylon) - Mabel Normand (actress) - Plantagenets* - Eugene Suter (hair stylist) - Alexander Kerensky (Russian political leader) - Vladimir Lenin (Russian communist revolutionary) - Florence Nightingale* (nurse; died 1910) - Czar Nicholas II and the Romanov family (ruler of Russia) - Jack Robinson (footballer; he stopped playing in 1912) - Frederick Marryat* (author) - George Alfred "G.A." Henty* (author; he would have been somewhat contemporary, died in 1902) - Maximilien Robespierre* (French revolutionary) - Marie Antoinette* (French queen) - Erich Lundendorff (German commander) - Sylvia Pankhurst (suffragist) - Jack Johnson (boxer) - Commander Harold Lowe (Fifth Officer of the Titanic; if P. Gordon was really Patrick, he would have known him personally) - Theda Bara (actress) - Robert Burns* (poet, read by Bates; name is not uttered on screen, but it is clear on book cover) - Jules Verne* (author; he would have been somewhat contemporary, died in 1905) - Marion Harris (singer of "Look for the Silver Lining"; name is not uttered on screen) - Edward Shortt (Home Secretary from 1919-1922) - Cosmo Gordon Lang, Archbishop of York (one of the first actual historical figures in the show; married Matthew and Mary, visited Downton Abbey for dinner) - King George V (king of England) [mentioned in S3E1, appears in S4CS] - Charles Melville Hays (president of the Grand Trunk Railway that Robert invested in; died on the Titanic) - Robert Baden-Powell (founder of the Boy Scouts) - Lady Maureen Dufferin (socialite, friend of the Crawleys) - Georges Auguste Escoffier (famous chef and restaurateur) - Marie-Antoine Carême* (famous chef) - Queen of Sheba* - Napoleon Bonaparte* - The Bourbons* - The Buffs* (famous army regiment; "steady the Buffs" popularized by Kipling) - Croesus* (king of ancient Lydia; mention several times starting in S3 and through S4) - Thomas Edwin "Tom" Mix (Wild West picture star) - Dr. Samuel Johnson* (English writer; quote paraphrased by Carson) - Jean Patou (dress designer; maker of Edith's S3 wedding dress in-show) - Lucy Christiana, Lady Duff-Gordon (dress designer of "Lucille"; a survivor of the Titanic) - The Marlboroughs (famous family; mentioned like the Crawleys knew them personally, Sir Anthony did) - The Hapburgs* (rulers of the Holy Roman Empire) - Maud Gonne (English-born Irish revolutionary) - Isabella Augusta, Lady Gregory (Irish revolutionary) - Constance Georgine Markievicz, Countess Markievicz (Irish revolutionary and politician) - Lady Sarah Wilson (née Churchill) (female war correspondent) - Gwendolen Fitzalan-Howard, Duchess of Norfolk  (real person and friend of Violet's) - Pope Benedict XV - Lillian Gish (actress) - Ivy Close (actress) - Alfred the Great* (9th century ruler of England) - Oscar Wilde* (author; he would have been somewhat contemporary, died in 1900) - Nathaniel Hawthorne* (author) - Charles Ponzi - Walter Scott* (author) - Charles Dickens* (author) - Virgina Woolf (author, one of the first actual historical figures in the show, was not actually mentioned though, just a background guest at Gregson's party) - Roger Fry (artist, one of the first actual historical figures in the show, was not actually mentioned though, just a background guest at Gregson's party) - Sir Garnet Wolseley* - Phyllis Dare (singer and actress) - Zena Dare (singer and actress, sister to Phyllis) - Maurice Vyner Baliol Brett (the second son of the 2nd Viscount Esher, Zena Dare's husband) - King Canute* (Cnut the Great, norse king) - Nellie Melba (opera singer, one of the few actual historical figures in the show) - Al Jolson (singer) - Christina Rossetti* (poet) - Marie Stopes (feminist doctor and author of Married Love) - George III* (ruler of England) - Lord Byron* - Arsène Avignon (chef at Ritz in London, actual historical figure in the show) - Louis Diat (chef at Ritz in New York) - Jules Gouffé* (famous chef) - King of Sweden (whoever it was when Violet's husband was alive) - Rudolph Valentino (actor) - Agnes Ayres (actress) - Lord Robert Henley, 1st Earl of Northington* (Lord Chancellor and abolitionist) - Albert B. Fall (US senator and Secretary of the Interior) - King Ludwig* (I’m assuming of Bavaria) - John Ward MP (liberal politician, actual historical figure in the show) - Admiral John Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe (Royal Navy, Blake and Tony served under him) - Benjamin Baruch Ambrose (bandleader at the Embassy Club, his band appears on-screen but it's not pointed out who he is) - The Prince of Wales (David, who became Edward VIII when King) - Freda Dudley Ward (socialite and mistress of the above) - The Queen of Naples* - Wat Tyler* (leader of the 1381 Peasants' Revolt in England) - Edmond Hoyle* (writer of card rules) - Ramsay MacDonald (Prime Minister Jan-Nov 1924) - Archimedes* - Boudicca* (Queen of the British Iceni tribe) - Rosa Luxemburg (Revolutionary) - Charles I* - Douglas Fairbanks (movie star) - Jack Hylton (English band leader) - Edward Molyneux (fashion designer; Cora has a fitting with him in S5E3) - The Brontë Sisters* (Charlotte, Emily, and Anne, all authors. Anne's work The Tenant of Wildfell Hall was the charade answer in S2CS.) - Leo Tolstoy* (author) - Nikolai Gogol* (author) - Elinor Glyn (author of romantic fiction) - Czar Alexander II - Prince Alfred (son of Queen Victoria) - Grand Duchess Maria (wife of Alfred, daughter of the czar) - Peter Carl Fabergé (Russian jeweller) - Ralph Kerr (officer in the Royal Navy; Mabel mentions a man by this name as a friend) - Keir Hardie (Scottish socialist, died in 1915) - The Moonella Group (formed a nudist colony in 1924 in Wickford, Essex) - John Singer Sargent (American painter, died in 1925) - Rudyard Kipling (author and poet - often quoted starting in S1, but first mentioned by name in S5) - Mary Augusta Ward (Mrs. Humphrey Ward - author; I'm not adding her to the character list, died in 1920) - Adolf Hitler - Pola Negri (film star) - John Barrymore (actor [Drew Barrymore's grandfather]) - King Richard the III (of England)* - Hannah Rothschild and Lord Rosebery (British socialites Violet knew; Hannah died in 1890) - General Reginald Dyer - Lytton Strachey (supposedly was at Gregson's party) - Niccolo Machiavelli* - Adrienne Bolland (aviatrix) - The Fife Princesses (as listed by Sir Michael Reresby) - Duke of Arygll (as listed by Sir Michael Reresby) - The Queen of Spain (as listed by Sir Michael Reresby) - Lady Eltham (Dorothy Isabel Westenra Hastings) - King John* - Neville Chamberlain (Minister of Health in 1925, later Prime Minister; appears on-screen in S6E5) - Anne de Vere Cole (Neville Chamberlain's wife. Fictitiously, she is Robert's father's goddaughter. Her father is mentioned has having served in the Crimean War with Robert's) - Horace de Vere Cole (Anne de Vere Cole's brother) - Joshua Reynolds* (painter) - George Romney* (painter) - Franz Xaver Winterhalter* (painter) - Sir Charles Barry* (real architect of Highclere, cited here as one as Downton Abbey) - Tsar Nicholas I* - Teo (or Tiaa)* - Amenhotep II* - Tuthmosis IV* - King Charles* - Clara Bow (actress) [To my knowledge, the Ripon election candidates in S1E6 were not real people, as were not always the case for military personnel Robert referred to.] Fictional Characters and Works Mentioned in Downton - Long John Silver (referenced by Thomas) - Andromeda, Perseus, Cepheus (Greek mythology) (referenced by Mary) - Sydney Carton (A Tale of Two Cities) (referenced by Robert) - Princess Aurora, and later Sleeping Beauty (the ballet I presume) (referenced by Robert) - Horatio (Hamlet; Thomas quotes a line in a deleted scene) - "Gunga Din" (poem by Kipling; quoted by Bates and later quoted by Isobel) - Little Women (referenced by Cora) - The Lost World - Elizabeth and her German Garden (book given to Anna by Molesley) - Wind in the Willows (referenced by Violet) - "If You Were the Only Girl in the World" (sung by Mary, Matthew and cast) - "The Cat That Walked By Itself" (short story by Kipling; quoted by Matthew) - Iphigenia (Greek mythology, may be referenced in The Iliad but I cannot confirm) - Uncle Tom Cobley ("Widecombe Fair") (referenced by Sybil) - Alice and the Looking Glass - "The Rose of Picardy" (only a few strains played, possibly the John McCormack version which was out in 1919) - Zip Goes a Million and "Look for the Silver Lining" (song played by Matthew) - The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (title used in The Game) - Tess of the d'Urbervilles and Angel Clare (referenced by Mary) - Lochinvar (from Sir Walter Scott) (referenced by Martha) - "Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring" (played at Mary and Matthew's wedding) - "Let Me Call You Sweetheart" (sung by Martha and cast) - "Dashing Away with the Smoothing Iron" (English folk song sung by Carson) - Way Down East (film) - The Worldings (film) - "Molly Malone" (Irish song) - The Scarlet Letter (referenced by Isobel) - Lady of the Rose (musical) - The Lady of Shalott (ballad) - The Puccini pieces from S4E3 - The jazz pieces from S4E4 sung by Jack Ross ("A Rose By Any Other Name") - The Sheik (film) - The jazz pieces from S4E6 sung by Jack Ross ("Wild About Harry") - "The Second Mrs Tanqueray" (play and films) (referenced by Edith) - "The Sword of Damocles" (Greek myth) - Dr. Fu Manchu - Mrs. Bennett (Pride and Prejudice) - A vague allusion to Wuthering Heights (talking about the Brontë sisters and moors) (referenced by Rose) - Vanity Fair and Becky Sharp (Molesley reads this with Daisy) - "It's a Long Way to Tipperary" (sung by Denker) - "The Fall of the House of Usher" (short story by Edgar Allen Poe) - Madame Defarge (A Tale of Two Cities) - Ariadne (Greek mythology) - "Cockles and Mussels" (Spratt sings a few bars in S6E5; this is also called "Molly Malone") - Elizabeth Bennett and Pemberley (Pride and Prejudice) (referenced by Violet) - Mr Squeers (Nicholas Nickleby) (referenced by Bertie) - The Prisoner of Zenda (adventure novel by Anthony Hope) (referenced by Tom) - "The course of true love never did run smooth" (quote from A Midsummer Night's Dream) Not included are proverbs or sayings (which Anna says a lot of), nor Biblical references. Do note that there's a lot of scenes with the characters reading, but we don't know exactly what.

[katallure]

A RARE PAIR OF SILVER AND ENAMEL 'DUTCH DOLL' PEPPERETTES IN THE FORM OF SUFFRAGETTES, MAKER'S MARK (? LTD), LONDON, 1920

Although in Britain female suffrage had been discussed for several decades in the 19th century, it was not until 1903 when Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughter founded the Women's Social and Political Union that positive steps were taken in demands for Votes for Women. This was in spite of the fact that the Isle of Man had granted some women the right to vote as early as 1881. Mrs. Pankurst and her followers, frustrated by continuing Parliamentary opposition, became ever more militant. In extreme cases shop windows were smashed, bombs were planted and destructive fires were lighted. The authorities retaliated by issuing fines and prison sentences, in some cases leading to hunger strikes and the cruelty of force-feeding. One suffragette, Emily Davison, even sacrificed her own life by throwing herself in the path of George V's horse at the Derby in 1913.

The same year four Scottish suffragettes aimed red pepper at Prime Minister H.H. Asquith and his party on a visit to Stirling. Apprehended and charged, the women gave false identities. That of one, 'Violet Asquith,' was actually the name of the Prime Minister's daughter who was with him on that occasion. Another said she was 'Maud Allan,' a cheeky reference to to the Canadian dancer who lately had been seen in the eye-popping role of Salome 'in a costume consisting mainly of beads and gauze' at the Palace Theatre in London.

The suffragettes' aggressive activities ceased upon the outbreak of War in the summer of 1914 but the lobbying of Parliament continued. In November 1918, with the passing of the Representation of the People Act, all men over the age of 21 were given the right to vote as well as over 8 million women above the age of 30. At the General Election of 14 December 1918 Constance Markiewicz was elected to Parliament but, being a member of Sinn Féin, she refused to take her seat in the House of Commons. The first female M.P. to attend the House was Nancy Astor, who won a by-election in November 1919.

It is against this background that these unusual pepperettes were made. It is unfortunate that neither the actual maker's mark nor the second, T&Co. mark can be identified. It has been suggested, however, that the latter may be an unofficial retailer's mark of the New York-based goldsmiths and jewellers, Tiffany & Co. whose London premises in the early 1920s were moved from Regent Street to nearby Maddox Street. It also happens that the Astor family were old customers of Tiffany's. It may be a flight of fancy, but it is not impossible that the peppers were a special commission, perhaps intended as a gift to Lady Astor to mark the first anniversary of her election as an M.P.

[thephantomofthelibrary]

7 December 1916

H.H. Asquith resigned as British Prime Minister. David Lloyd George replaced him. He was the first and thus far only Welsh Prime Minister and also the first and thus far only Prime Minister who spoke English as a second language. 

[topbeautifulwomens]

#Helena #Bonham #Carter #Biography #Photos #Wallpapers #beautyblogger #dancelife #frans #hiphop #indonesia #instagood #lipstick #makeupparty #nickiminaj #swag

For a time in the late 1990s, it seemed that Helena Bonham Carter was about to deliver on her promise and begin what would be a major career as a 1st-rate, important actress. Audiences and critics had always known of her extraordinary search. a delicate beauty that evoked another time and another place, but her performance in “The Wings of the Dove” (1997) had shown her to be possessed of a vital acting talent as well. She won a Best Actress Oscar nomination for her work in the film, and but for her nationality (four of the five nominees hailed from outside the U.S. that year; the American won the Oscar), she might likely have joined the elite pantheon of foreign-born Academy Award winning actresses.

Born in Golders Green, London, England on May 26, 1966, Helen Bonham Carter had achieved success in films early. Before she was 20 years old, she had scored her first lead in director James Ivory’s tasteful adaptation of E.M. Forster’s novel “A Room With a View” (1985), only her second film. She followed up this auspicious debut as a leading player assaying the uncrowned Queen of England, “Lady Jane Grey,” in the eponymous film. In the first part of her career, she became a staple in what can be seen as an annex of the British Heritage industry, starring in a lot more tasteful adaptations of British or anglo-American novels, such as the adaptation of E.M. Forster’s “Maurice” (1987), her second film for James Ivory

In hindsight, it is no coincidence that “Room,” her first film under the Merchant-Ivory banner (director Ivory, producer Ismail Merchant, and screenwriter Ruth Jabha Prawler’ ), proved to be the brand’s big breakthrough on the big screen, ushering them into the big-time, with a good box office showing and total-blown Oscar recognition. In the two Merchant-Ivory films in which she was a major star, the brand scored their wonderfulest success. Though it was Emma Thompson, her rival for Kenneth Branagh’s affections, who won a Best Actress Oscar for “Howard’s End” (1992), Bonham Carter’S presence in the film clearly was a factor in its great success. It began a three-picture run that climaxed with Merchant-Ivory’s last wholly unqualified success, “Howards End” (1992)

Howards End” (1992) was the last film she made for Merchant-Ivory, and the brand’s career eventually wound down without their good-luck charm, as Helena Bonham Carter was the real thing. The patrician offspring of British Prime Minister ‘H.H Asquith’ ‘s blue blood (he was her great-great-grandfather; her great-grand-uncle Anthony Asquith was a noted English director), Helena Bonham Carter possessed of an extraordinary look with her dark hair and eyes and porcelain pores and skin, Carter was born to be part of the Merchant-Ivory stable, giving their ersatz-Englishness a certain “je ne sais quoi” that paid off in handsome dividends, as an alternative like British gilt-edged government securities.

Ironically, it was her turn as the undisputed star of the neo-Merchant-Ivory “Wings of the Dove” that brought her her Oscar nod. She was not only beautiful, she not only could act, but she was courageous. In “Wings,” she arguably had the most explicit nude scene ever to be limned by an Oscar-nominated actress, but missing out to Helen Hunt.

Alas, her subsequent career, while interesting, has failed to deliver on that promise, though she is still young and likely to astound us once again. Her choice of roles can be seen as an attempt to break out of the Merchant-Ivory cottage industry ghetto of Henry James & E.M. Forster adaptations. She was quite memorable in the neo-classic “Fight Club” and seemed to be on the verge of achieving that rare status of someone who is a star with an extraordinary look who can also act while retaining true sexpot status. (On the distaff side, the great Paul Newman comes to mind. Brando was a superstar who could act, but hardly a sexpot. Julie Christie had a chance but turned her back on stardom, while Jane Fonda came close, though her sex-kitten act was a bit forced, but finally chucked it all away after having her breasts unnecessarily augmented for Ted Turner.) Carter’s output considering that then has evinced an erosion in her status as both star and actress, though her beauty remains undiminished.

Name Helena Bonham Carter Height 5' four½ Naionality British Date of Birth 26 May 1966, Place of Birth Golders Green, London, England, UK Famous for

The post Helena Bonham Carter Biography Photos Wallpapers appeared first on Beautiful Women.

source http://topbeautifulwomen.com/helena-bonham-carter-biography-photos-wallpapers/

[maryroxburghetrust]

Selected Volumes from the West Horsley Place Library to be Sold to Help Fund Restoration Works

A selection of volumes from the library at West Horsley Place are to be sold at Toovey’s auction house in the Antiquarian and Collectors’ Books Sale on 15th May. Proceeds from the sale will help to fund our ongoing mission to restore the Grade I listed house and bring the estate back to life as a vibrant centre for the performing and visual arts and the teaching of crafts.

The library was assembled by Robert Milnes-Crewe, 1st Marquess of Crewe (1858-1945) and his father Richard Monckton-Milnes, 1st Baron Houghton (1809-1885). Lord Houghton was a great man of letters, a poet, politician and patron of literature. He wrote the first biography of Keats in 1848, was a close friend of Alfred Lord Tennyson and helped make the work of Ralph Waldo Emerson known in Britain. His particular interest was in French literature, especially of the revolutionary period.

Lord Houghton’s son, Lord Crewe, (bookplate above) was a Liberal statesman, who served as Secretary of State for India between 1910 and 1915. He was also Leader of the House of Lords, where he played a very significant and progressive role in removing their own veto, as well as various positions within the education sector. He was a contemporary of Winston Churchill, friend of H.H. Asquith and son-in-law to Prime Minister Lord Rosebery. The astonishing library of books, collected over generations, mainly reflects Lord Crewe’s wide interests, including his literary friendships with war-time poets, his travels to India and the East, his political career and his cultural connections. The books provide an intimate window onto the period and give the sense of a decent, moderate man who was administratively overseeing considerable change.

“Sorting through and cataloguing the books of both father and son has been an absolute pleasure. It’s been a chance to speculate on the changes England underwent from Victorian times, through the trauma of a World War and into a changed 20th century” says Toovey’s Book Specialist Charlie Howe.

Included in the sale are literary works by Austen, Hardy, Conan Doyle, Woolf, Forster and more, volumes of poetry by Tennyson, Yeats, Milton Blake and others, and books spanning history, nature, geography, biography and sports. Some volumes are first editions and some are signed by the author.

You can support our work and take a stake in West Horsley Place’s future by bidding at the auction. The collection will be offered at Toovey’s Spring Gardens rooms on May 15th 2018. View the collection via the online catalogue here.

Selected Volumes from the West Horsley Place Library to be Sold to Help Fund Restoration Works was originally published on West Horsley Place

[huuvinhp]

New Post has been published on THIẾT BỊ KHOA HỌC CÔNG NGHỆ

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Daylight saving time - Phần 4

Chính trị Sự tiết kiệm ánh sáng ban ngày đã gây ra tranh cãi kể từ khi nó bắt đầu. Winston Churchill lập luận rằng nó mở rộng “cơ hội để theo đuổi sức khoẻ và hạnh phúc trong số hàng triệu người sống ở đất nước này”và các nhà khoa học đã gọi nó là “Giờ nắng theo mùa” . Về mặt lịch sử, lợi ích về bán lẻ, thể thao và du lịch đã giúp cho việc tiết kiệm ánh sáng ban ngày, trong khi lợi ích về nông nghiệp và giải trí buổi tối đã phản đối nó và việc áp dụng ban đầu của nó đã bị thúc đẩy bởi khủng hoảng năng lượng và chiến tranh .

Số phận của đề xuất năm 1907 của Willett minh hoạ một số vấn đề chính trị liên quan. Đề xuất đã thu hút nhiều người ủng hộ, bao gồm Arthur Balfour, Churchill, David Lloyd George, Ramsay MacDonald, Edward VII (người đã sử dụng DST nửa giờ tại Sandringham hoặc “Sandringham time”), giám đốc điều hành của Harrods và giám đốc Ngân hàng Quốc gia . Tuy nhiên, phe đối lập mạnh hơn: bao gồm Thủ tướng H.H. Asquith, Christie (Nhà thiên văn Hoàng gia), George Darwin, Napier Shaw (Giám đốc Văn phòng Khí tượng), nhiều tổ chức nông nghiệp và chủ sở hữu rạp hát. Sau nhiều lần điều trần, đề xuất này đã bị đánh bại một cách chật hẹp trong cuộc bầu cử của ủy ban quốc hội vào năm 1909. Các đồng minh của Willett đã đưa ra các đạo luật tương tự mỗi năm từ năm 1911 đến năm 1914, nhưng không thành công . Hoa Kỳ thậm chí còn hoài nghi hơn: Andrew Peters đã giới thiệu một dự luật DST cho Hạ viện Hoa Kỳ vào tháng 5 năm 1909, nhưng ngay sau đó đã chết trong ủy ban. 

Poster có tựa đề “VICTORY! CONGRES PASSES DAYLIGHT SAVING BILL” cho thấy chú Sam chuyển một đồng hồ sang giờ tiết kiệm ánh sáng ban ngày khi một nhân vật có đồng hồ đeo nón trong không khí. Mặt đồng hồ của hình này là “MỘT THỜI ĐIỂM CỦA NGÀY THỨ HAI”. Chú thích dưới cùng cho biết “Get Your Hoe Ready!” Các nhà bán lẻ thường ủng hộ DST. Các cửa hàng Cigar của United đã ca ngợi một hóa đơn DST 1918. Sau khi Đức dẫn đầu với DST (tiếng Đức: Sommerzeit) trong Chiến tranh thế giới thứ nhất ngày 30 tháng 4 năm 1916 cùng với các đồng minh của mình để giảm bớt những khó khăn từ thiếu hụt than trong thời chiến và thất bại của cuộc không kích, phương trình chính trị đã thay đổi ở các nước khác; Vương quốc Anh đã sử dụng DST đầu tiên vào ngày 21 tháng 5 năm 1916. Những mối quan tâm về bán lẻ và sản xuất của Hoa Kỳ do Robert Garland, nhà công nghiệp Pittsburgh, sớm bắt đầu vận động cho DST, nhưng bị đối lập bởi đường sắt. Sự gia nhập năm 1917 của Mỹ đối với chiến tranh đã vượt qua sự phản đối, và DST được thành lập vào năm 1918. 

Cuối cùng của cuộc chiến quay ngược trở lại con lắc. Nông dân tiếp tục không thích DST, và nhiều quốc gia đã bãi bỏ nó sau chiến tranh. Anh là một ngoại lệ: nó giữ lại DST trên toàn quốc, nhưng qua nhiều năm đã điều chỉnh các ngày chuyển tiếp vì một vài lý do, bao gồm các quy tắc đ���c biệt trong những năm 1920 và 1930 để tránh thay đổi đồng hồ vào buổi sáng Phục Sinh. Bây giờ theo một Chỉ thị của Cộng đồng Châu Âu, thời gian bắt đầu mùa hè hàng năm vào Chủ Nhật cuối cùng vào tháng 3, có thể là chủ nhật Phục Sinh (như năm 2016).  Hoa Kỳ là điển hình: Quốc hội đã bãi bỏ DST sau năm 1919. Tổng thống Woodrow Wilson, như Willett là một người chơi golf khao khát, đã phủ quyết việc bãi bỏ hai lần nhưng lần phủ quyết thứ hai của nó đã bị ghi đè . Chỉ có một vài thành phố của Hoa Kỳ giữ lại DST tại địa phương sau đó,  bao gồm cả New York để trao đổi tài chính của họ có thể duy trì một giờ buôn bán chênh lệch với London, Chicago và Cleveland để theo kịp với New York. Người kế nhiệm của Wilson Warren G. Harding đã chống lại DST như là một “lừa dối”. Lý luận rằng thay vì vậy mọi người nên đứng dậy và đi làm vào đầu mùa hè, ông đã yêu cầu các nhân viên liên bang của Quận Columbia bắt đầu làm việc vào lúc 08:00 thay vì 09:00 vào mùa hè 1922. Một số doanh nghiệp vẫn tiếp tục theo mặc dù nhiều người khác không làm như vậy; thử nghiệm không được lặp lại. 

Kể từ khi Đức thông qua vào năm 1916, thế giới đã nhìn thấy nhiều đạo luật, điều chỉnh và bãi bỏ DST, cùng với chính trị tương tự. 

Lịch sử của thời gian ở Hoa Kỳ bao gồm cả DST trong cả hai cuộc chiến tranh thế giới, nhưng không có tiêu chuẩn của thời bình DST cho đến năm 1966.  Vào tháng 5 năm 1965, trong hai tuần lễ, St. Paul, Minnesota và Minneapolis, Minnesota đã vào những thời điểm khác nhau, khi thành phố thủ đô quyết định tham gia cùng với hầu hết quốc gia bằng cách bắt đầu Giờ Giữ Sáng, trong khi Minneapolis chọn để theo sau ngày luật tiểu bang .Vào giữa những năm 1980, Clorox (cha mẹ của Kingsford Charcoal) và 7-Eleven đã cung cấp ngân khoản chính cho Liên minh Tiết kiệm Thời gian Đời sau khi gia hạn năm 1987 cho US DST, và cả thượng nghị sĩ Idaho đã bỏ phiếu cho nó dựa trên giả thuyết rằng trong thời gian DST nhanh – Các nhà hàng thực phẩm bán nhiều khoai tây chiên hơn, được làm từ khoai tây Idaho. 

[ulysses-posts]

Forgotten Women: The Suffragists and the Fight for Enfranchisement (Part 1)

Forgotten Women: The Suffragists and the Fight for Enfranchisement (Part 1)

“Of the two sexes of which the species is composed, how comes it that all natural right to political benefits is confined to one?”

Jeremy Bentham, 1789

“The elderly women of my childhood grew up believing that they would never be allowed to vote. Women within living memory. In the UK.”

Quote from internet site, January 2018

  The legislation that governs women’s rights in society is astonishingly…

[charlesmccain]

Churchill Right on Dardanelles

Churchill Right on Dardanelles

Minister of Munitions Winston Churchill meets women war workers at Georgetown’s filling works near Glasgow during a visit on 9 October 1918. Churchill came into Lloyd George’s cabinet, known as the Second Coalition, as Minister of Munitions.  Churchill was forced out of the cabinet by H.H. Asquith since the Conservatives would not come into a coalition with the his Liberal Party if Churchill…

[greatwarblog]

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This is supposed to be the final day of registration for the Derby scheme, a last-ditch effort to avoid military conscription in the United Kingdom — and one of the largest undertakings in the history of British governance. All across England and Scotland, more than two million men now wear armbands like the one seen above (via Foxhall Militaria) to signify their having attested for deferred enlistment under the scheme.

In one sense, the Derby scheme works out spectacularly: when the eponymous Lord Derby reports to Parliament on December 20th, nearly three million men have either attested, enlisted, or been rejected for medical reasons since the 23rd of October. But of the five million men of military age in the UK, only about five percent, or 275,000, have actually been inducted into service — nowhere near the total needed to replace the expected losses of operations being planned for the new year. Altogether, just 59% of eligible men have registered for military service, while nine percent are deemed unfit. At least one million unmarried males have not taken part, and of these some 650,000 are not ‘starred’ for working in critical war industries.

So in terms of turning out volunteers to actually serve in battle, the Derby scheme is clearly not working. But in the sense that it lays clear the limits of Britain’s tradition of an all-volunteer force, bringing the conscription question to a decision at last, the Derby plan is a complete success.

Left: a poster announces that single men will be called up first. Right: Edward Stanley, Lord Derby

The scheme does not fail from lack of Victorian effort. By the end of the day, registration is held open while a throng of men holds out at recruiting centers, and recruiting continues at some stations until the 19th. A whole system of recruiters, a relentless press campaign, and a host of social and political pressures have been brought to bear. Some veterans of the front are convinced to participate in convincing the lads; many of these meetings leave the soldiers unsatisfied. The fathers of sons at war are deemed especially effective at shaming young men into signing up. Women ‘award’ white feathers in public to men they deem cowards, and the ‘fairer sex’ is actively propagandized to withhold their attentions from ‘shirkers’ a very good reason for attestation.

All this activity dedicated to the preservation of a Victorian cultural institution has in fact raised a spirit of British impressment haunting the streets. With this full-court press still having failed to produce an army of the needed size, however, the Asquith government finally brings conscription up for discussion in the War Cabinet on the 14th, before Derby makes his final report to Parliament. Six days later, Lord Curzon and Leo Amery begin drafting a compulsory conscription bill with plans to submit it in the new year.

Men registering for the 1915 August census at a common boarding house. From Trevor Wilson, Myriad Faces of War

By publicly offering to discriminate prioritize calling up single over married men without explaining any details, Prime Minister Herbert Henry Asquith added a measure of confusion and uncertainty to the recruiting effort in the first weeks of November. Replying to Lord Derby’s letter asking for clarification on November 20th, Asquith solidified a whole new political issue within the conscription issue.

Married men will not be called upon for war service before young unmarried men. If the latter do not offer themselves in adequate numbers, voluntarily, the married men who have offered as recruits will be released from any pledge, and a bill will introduced compelling young men to serve. If this Bill should not pass, the married men will be automatically released. Mr. Asquith, in his reply, says the letter correctly expressed the Government’s intention.

Yet the Derby scheme is never quite abandoned into 1917, for the database is used to locate conscripts; nor do recruiting centers and volunteer drives really end before 1918 comes to an exhausted close. The move to conscription will never fully replace Britain’s cherished heritage.

A histogram shows that volunteerism understandably diminishes, but never actually ceases in the course of the conflict

[greatwarblog]

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Published today in newspapers across Great Britain and the Empire, in a rare public appeal King George V calls “to my people” for a fresh wave of volunteers to fill the ranks of his ever-expanding armies.

At this grave moment in the struggle between my people and a highly organized enemy who has transgressed the Laws of Nations and changed the ordinance that binds civilized Europe together, I appeal to you.

I rejoice in my Empire’s effort, and I feel pride in the voluntary response from my Subjects all over the world who have sacrificed home, fortune, and life itself, in order that another may not inherit the free Empire which their ancestors and mine have built.

I ask you to make good those sacrifices.

The end is not in sight. More men and yet more are wanted to keep my Armies in the Field, and through them to secure Victory and enduring Peace.

In ancient days the darkest moment has ever produced in men of our race the sternest resolve.

I ask you, men of all classes, to come forward voluntarily and take your share in the fight.

In freely responding to my appeal, you will be giving your support to our brothers, who, for long months, have nobly upheld Britain’s past traditions, and the glory of her Arms.

Having tapped out most of the potential voluntary recruiting in the country, the British Army is having a hard time filling out its new formations, spurring calls for conscription of the unwilling. Although Parliamentary support for the issue has still not coalesced into an actual vote, the monarch’s call for action today is part of a last-ditch attempt to forestall a draft and avoid the kind of mass conscription that has been practiced by continental European powers for decades while England looked on with disdain.

Note how the King’s appeal in the Daily Telegraph is nestled between stories about the new war with Bulgaria

Having conducted a wartime census in August, the British government is well-positioned to give the volunteer system one last try. Appointed Director General of Recruiting a week ago, and working under the still-popular, if hidebound Lord Kitchener, the 17th Earl of Derby is promulgating a new plan to register men for a selective system of service. While a mostly-female workforce copies all the entries for eligible males from the new manual database onto cards and follows up changes of address, local Parliamentary Recruiting Committees appoint men to canvass the recorded addresses and ask each unenlisted male resident of fighting age to make a ‘public declaration,’ registering for service ‘if necessary.’ Men — and boys considered men — are free to register at any time, and encouraged to do so through a nationwide advertising campaign. Every man visited receives a copy of a letter from Lord Derby encouraging enlistment. In theory, the system stops just short of coercion, but there are exceptions, while the widespread use of political agents, veterans, and men with sons at the front to make these home visits brings intense social pressure to bear on every male between 18 and 41 years old.

Men who agree to register also agree to visit a recruiting station within 48 hours to enlist in the ‘Army Reserve B,’ but most are transported to the nearest facility immediately, and issued Khaki armbands upon completion of their registration. For conscientious objectors and others seeking exemptions from service, local tribunals are created to review applications, so many pacifists choose to register for this very purpose. Men working in critical occupations, such as munitions and arms production, have stars on their registration cards. These essential persons are exempted from being the first in line should a draft become necessary, reflecting deep distrust of industrial conscription in the labor movement and among businesses of all kinds that are experiencing labor shortages due to the war. By the end of October, one fourth of Scottish banking employees have already enlisted, so the Scottish banks petition to limit the Derby registration scheme from registering more than half their eligible prewar staff. The request is not only refused, but intense pressure is brought to bear on the banks as well. As a result, they become strong proponents of the ‘Derby scheme’ and encourage their employees to ‘attest’ and register, even threatening to withhold the pay of anyone conscripted later.

What began as an effort to enroll a greater portion of the population thus becomes a series of new measures to prioritize enlistments. The complexity of the effort is made worse before the end of the month when Prime Minister Asquith decides to put single males first in line before married men. When the registration period closes on December 11th, almost three million men will have attested, enlisted, or tried to enlist, but only about 318,000 actually volunteer and are accepted for active duty. With no end in sight, conscription becomes inevitable in the new year.

Edward George Villiers Stanley, 17th Earl of Derby, was an experienced recruiter who opposed conscription