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In recent years, algo trading in India has become an essential part of the country’s financial landscape. With technology getting more advanced and markets becoming more complex, traders as well as institutions are switching to algorithmic trading to make their trading strategies better. Algorithmic trading, or algo trading, is a method that utilises automated programs to carry out trades based on certain rules such as price, volume, and timing. The soaring adoption of algo trading in the Indian stock markets has immensely strengthened liquidity, thus forming a more efficient and stable market atmosphere. Through this blog, we will find out the ways that algo trading is increasing liquidity in the financial markets, especially in India and also will see how it is a key component in the modern market operation.
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XII BST : Financial Market
Learning Objective Learning Outcomes Meaning & Concept of Financial Market Function of Financial Markets Concept of Money Market Money Market Instruments Concept of Capital Market Comparative View : Money Market & Capital Market Primary Market Secondary Market / Stock Exchange Function of Stock Exchange Trading and Settlement of Stock Exchange Security Exchange Board of…
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#Capital Market#Development Function of SEB#Financial Management#Financial Market-Concept-Functions#Function of SEBI#Function of Stock Exchange#Instrument of Money Market#MONEY MARKET#PRIMARY MARKET#Protective Function of SEBI#Regulatory Function of SEBI#Screen Based Trading Procedure#SECONDARY MARKET#Security Exchange Board of India#SETTLEMENT PROCEDURE#TRADING AND SETTLEMENT PROCEDURE#TRADING PROCEDURE
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NISM Certification: A Gateway to a Professional Career in the Indian Securities Market
The National Institute of Securities Markets (NISM) certification is a prestigious and sought-after credential for professionals looking to build a career in the Indian securities market. Established by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), NISM aims to promote securities market education and research, fostering a better understanding of the market mechanisms and enhancing the quality of market participants. This article delves into the importance, types, and benefits of NISM certification, guiding aspiring professionals on their journey to becoming certified market experts.
Types of NISM Certifications
NISM offers a wide range of certifications catering to different segments of the securities market. Some of the prominent certifications include:
1. NISM Series VA: Mutual Fund Distributors Certification Examination: This certification is essential for those looking to work as mutual fund distributors, providing comprehensive knowledge about mutual funds, the regulatory environment, and distribution practices.
2. NISM Series VIII: Equity Derivatives Certification Examination: This certification focuses on the derivatives market, covering topics such as derivatives trading, hedging, speculation, and the regulatory framework.
3. NISM Series I: Currency Derivatives Certification Examination: This certification is designed for individuals working with currency derivatives, offering insights into the forex market, trading strategies, and risk management.
4. NISM Series VII: Securities Operations and Risk Management Certification Examination: This certification is aimed at professionals involved in the operations and risk management aspects of the securities market, encompassing trade life cycle, clearing and settlement, and regulatory requirements.
5. NISM Series XV: Research Analyst Certification Examination: This certification is tailored for research analysts, covering fundamental and technical analysis, research report writing, and ethical standards.
Conclusion
NISM certification plays a pivotal role in shaping the careers of professionals in the Indian securities market. By providing comprehensive education and ensuring adherence to high ethical standards, NISM certifications help create a knowledgeable and trustworthy workforce, essential for the growth and stability of the financial markets. Whether you are a fresh graduate or a seasoned professional, obtaining an NISM certification can significantly enhance your career prospects and professional credibility in the dynamic and competitive securities market.
Investing in an NISM certification is an investment in your professional future, providing you with the knowledge, skills, and credibility needed to succeed in the fast-paced world of finance.
#National Institute of Securities Markets#NISM#SEBI#Securities and Exchange Board of India#NISM certification#NISM Series VA
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The functions of authorised people Vs sub-brokers sometimes overlap in the world of financial markets, but they are also very different. Although both act as brokers linking investors to the world of trading and investments, their obligations, roles, and regulatory status differentiate them from one another. In this article, we will examine the subtle difference between a sub-broker and an authorised person.
#brokers linking investors#trading and investments#sub-broker#Securities and Exchange Board of India#financial advice
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Tata Technologies Files Draft Prospectus for IPO to Raise Funds
Tata Technologies, a unit of Tata Motors, has filed a draft prospectus for an IPO. The issue is an OFS by promoters and selling shareholders. Read more. #TataTechnology #NiftyBank #Nifty50 #OptionTrading
Tata Technologies, a unit of Tata Motors Ltd, has filed a draft prospectus with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to raise funds through an initial public offering (IPO). The IPO is an offer for sale (OFS) by promoters and selling shareholders. The shares of the company are proposed to be listed on both the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). Company…
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#book running lead managers#financial performance#IPO#offer for sale#Securities and Exchange Board of India#selling shareholders#Tata Technologies#technical analysis
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Indian bow
#indian#india love#india#latest news today india#securities and exchange board of india#team india#the times of india: latest news india#handmade#giftideas#etsyhandmade#india vs bangladesh
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Apex trigger to trigger Validation Error
Apex trigger to trigger Validation Error
Use Apex trigger when Is_active__c checkbox is updated to false on Account then validate End_Date__c on latest related Contact record is populated trigger ValidateEndDate on Account (before update) { // Create a list to store the Contact records that need to be validated List<Contact> recordsToValidate = new List<Contact>(); // Iterate over the Accounts that are being updated for (Account…
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#salesforce#salesforce certification#solution architect#sales cloud#sales cloud consultant#salesforce chatbot#whatsapp chatbot#whatsapp chatbot for salesforce#whatsapp chatbot pricing#architecture#salesforce apex#apex lifeline#apex bangalore#salesforce crm#crmsystem#crmintegration#crm development#latest news today india#securities and exchange board of india#india
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Escape
Jude Bellingham comfort blurb.
Summary: Literally the title. Jude finds an escape from ongoing shit with the people he loves the most.
(Characters from Star Crossed Lovers.)
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'Heyy you.'
'Heyy.'
Ananya was met with a glum face and a glum voice when she video-called her boyfriend. Last 2 days were nothing short of hell for him. She had been away for her cousin's wedding in India, but the Clasico had bummed her out as well. They had exchanged messages and had a brief call but the wedding celebrations didn't leave her much time to spend with Jude.
And when she saw the Balon d'or fiasco while scrolling through her insta at the airport, her first reaction was disbelief. She wanted to throw her phone at the nearest wall. The travesty and scandal of the whole thing was beyond comprehension.
But she got her reaction out of her system before reaching out to him, knowing he would be 10 times as upset. Just last night he had sent her images of the fully done up suit, along with the classy watch (which she had picked). He had been so excited for the podium finish, to actually attend as one of the best players in the world and not an 'upcoming' player anymore. The post-event party was going to be epic too. But alas - the universe conspired against them real hard.
'How are you?'
'How do you think?'
He responded curtly, then checked his tone immediately.
'Just blah.'
'I know. Me too.'
'When did you see?'
'Just now when I reached the airport.'
She was about to board the connecting flight to Madrid.
'You?'
'Been a few hours.'
'You didn't tell me?'
'Didn't know where you would be. Didn't wanna upset you also.'
Upset was a massive understatement for what she was feeling right now. She wanted to burn down the world. Not just as Jude's girlfriend, but as a Madridista more.
But, she told herself what's done is done. She had to be strong for him. Both of them couldn't have a meltdown at the same time.
'Honestly thought it would be a good distraction from Saturday. But nahh. Man I still can't believe this is true.'
'Me neither. Part of me feels I'd wake up from this nightmare any second.'
'Yeah.'
'When do you go back to training?'
'Day after. Got tomorrow off as well now.'
'Hmm. Denise must be pampering you loads?'
First hint of a smile from the boy, as he thought of his mother fondly.
'Hotdog, pasta, cake, hugs - everything.'
'Awww. Didn't sing you a lullaby?'
She teased fondly.
'Won't put it past her.'
A half-smile again.
Jobe & Mark couldn't make it for the Clasico. Jobe's schedule didn't permit that. The brothers loved nothing more than to be there to support each other for big matches but the realities of their calendars barely permitted that.
Ananya hoped they had been able to make it. Would have been a massive comfort to Jude right now.
But Denise was a superwoman when it came to making Jude feel better & taking care of him. One of the best mums in the world.
Ananya had seen their bond up close for an year now. So she knew he was in good hands.
'She's the best.'
Ananya smiled genuinely at the screen.
'Don't know what I'd do without her honestly.'
He paused for a moment.
'And, without you.'
'Oh you'd walk around the streets crazy if it wasn't for me.'
She shrugged, grinning.
Jude smiled. The kind of smile that recahed his eyes. The ability of this girl to uplift his spirits, just by existing, befuddled him so much.
'How long till I see you?'
'Three hours. Boarding in 5 and coming straight to you from the airport.'
'Come sooner.'
She shook her head fondly at the screen.
'Unless you suddenly turned into Tony Stark and discovered a portal through time & space, not possible to come faster than a plane.'
'Such a nerd.'
'Proud of it.'
'Seriously, come soon.'
'Close your eyes. Take a nap. I'd be there when you wake up.'
Colour drained from his face at her words. He had barely slept AT ALL last two days. Even Denise's cuddles hadn't helped.
'Yeah, will try.'
'Jude, look at me.'
He looked up immediately.
'It's done. It sucks but it's done. Nothing will change it. Don't let it burn you from the inside. Last 2 days were shitty but we can only go up from here, yeah?'
'Easier said than done.'
'With you. 100%. It'd feel shitty for a while but hey, next 1.5 days, lets shut out the world and focus on what's dear to us, what's important, yeah? There is more to life, we both know that.'
'Hmmm.'
'I'll be there by lunch time. Should I get some Toblerone?'
'Yeah.'
'Cool, see you soon baby.'
'Come soon.'
'I'm coming.'
When she landed in Madrid and checked her phone, there were 5 missed calls from Jude. and a message to call him back as soon as she saw it.
Alarmed, she rang him up immediately.
'Hey, where are you? Don't leave the airport.'
'What?'
'We are going to Corsica for a day.'
'WHAT?'
'Mum and I are at the private section of the airport. There is a car waiting for you on arrivals. Sending you the details. Take that & come here. We fly out in 15.'
'Back up. What the hell are you saying? This doesn't make any sense.'
'Makes all the sense. I don't have training tomorrow and you have an off tomorrow. We'll come back early on Wed morning. 2 nights in Corsica. Resort is booked and the flight time is 1.5 hours. I researched, dove. Planned to the T. Now stop wasting time & get here.'
Ananya couldn't register anything he was saying. Freaking out hard at the idea of taking a holiday together with his mum. Sure they had stayed together at his Madrid house many times and she had even visited the family in theri Birmingham home during the summer and she had a good relationship with Denise.
But a holiday with your boyfriend's mum was a big step.
Of all the reasons she had to freak out, she chose the silliest one to voice out loud.
'I don't have any clothes for Corsica.'
'You'd be with me. Why do you need clothes?'
'JUDE.'
'Relax, she's not with me right now. On the phone with dad. Complaining I've gone mad. Her exact words - come get your son he's driving me crazy.'
'I'm with her on this.'
'Did you find the car yet?'
'Yes but Jude..'
'Dove I need this. Can't be here right now. Can't even be in this city. Need an escape. Need you guys. Please?'
There was no way on Mother Earth she could have said no to that voice and those words.
'Ok.'
The plane took off exactly 10 mins later. Ananya insisted on wearing a mask while boarding - the relationship was not public and if there was any chance she was seen with him (Jude insisted it won't happen coz private terminal) then at least they won't get her face.
'Why Corsica?'
'Remote. Pretty. Haven't been there. And you said it's on your list right?'
She had seen the place in a movie and told him about it. Months ago.
'Yeah. But...'
'You shouldn't be the one having to plan all this right now. We should be taking care of you.'
'You are. By being with me right now.'
He leaned down & kissed her, something she was still getting used to in the presence of his family. It had taken Jude some time to understand that PDA worked differently where she came from, and both had gravitated to a midway here.
They landed soon, on a private airstrip of a luxury resort.
Ofcourse.
Ananya didn't even dare to think how much a place like this would have costed. Coz it was luxury personified. Grand sea-facing villas. Normally, she would have told Jude this was too much. But now was not the time. The boy had the right to do whatever he wanted right now.
Instead, she focused on the clear blue waters in sight. And wondered if the place would have a shop to buy at least something appropriate.
The staff walked them to their villa. While Ananya admired the white marbles and fancy chandeliers all around.
'This is us. And that's you, mum.'
Ananya walked in. And kept walking. The place was never ending. Two bed rooms. Three washrooms. Private pool. Sea-facing deck. And a bunch of other rooms she couldn't even understand the purpose of.
'You took 2 villas?'
'Yup.'
'Why? This place can fit a village.'
'Why do you think?'
He said without missing a beat.
'Seriously?'
'I meant what I said about the clothes.'
He said matter of factly, while adding the wifi password to his phone. Leaving his girlfriend gaping at him.
'You can take off that mask now.'
'Oh yeah.'
She had forgotten about that. So lost in this place, and in him.
When his brows furrowed while gaping through his phone, Ananya interved.
'Gimme that.'
'What?'
'No phones while we are here. Let's try that?'
That didn't seem like a bad idea. He did want to forget about the world outside, atleast briefly.
'What should we do then?'
'Lets watch a movie? Ask Denise if she'd be up for it.'
'Naah she's cranky. I literally dragged her out of bed mid-nap. Not knocking on her door now she'll be mad.'
'Cool then we can watch something. On the deck maybe? Sea breeze would be nice.'
'Or we could do some other things. On the deck also if you want.'
She just shook her head at him in exasperation, and he knew it meant a no. But he also knew a no was only for now. She won't keep him waiting for long, not when she wanted to make him feel better.
Honestly, he just did it to get a reaction from her, something he enjoyed a fair bit.
Not having the constant buzz of the phone next to him helped a ton. As did the soothing air. The serenity seeping into his pores.
They watched a random rom-com, with Jude's running commentary on how cheesy it was.
'Please, have you seen you? You are cheesier.'
'Take that back.'
'Nope.'
'Name one cheesy thing I do.'
'Kissing me through the phone?'
'That's not cheesy.'
'Yeah sure.'
The bickering went on, as the movie kept playing in the background.
Denise sent her a quick 'how's he doing?' and she responded with an 'ok.'
After the movie, they did do a few other things he wanted. Not on the deck though, no way she was going to allow that.
It was time for dinner. The resort had set up a table sea-side for them.
'I literally have nothing to wear Jude.'
'Wear my jersey. I have it somehwhere.'
'What a great idea to not draw attention.'
But wearing one of his oversized shirts was the only option. With her jeans.
How badly she hoped she had a dress with her right now. Especially in a fancy ass place like this.
But the shirt, which made her look like a homeless person, will have to suffice. She tucked it in, doing the best she could.
'Don't tell me you're gonna wear a mask here as well.'
'On the way, yes. On the table, it's already dark at the beach.'
He raised his hand in surrender, knowing she'll do what she wanted.
They reached the table and Denise was wearing a supremely elegant dress. And Ananya wanted to jump in the deep waters.
She glared at Jude sideways, and he avoided it pointedly, starting a random conversation with his mum.
Jobe face-timed shortly, and Jude took the phone to show the scenery to Jobe. Denise watched them from a distance, content.
'How was he last 2 days?'
'Oh bad. Very rarely have I seen him like this.'
Ananya hummed.
'But he looks better now. Your being here helped.'
Jude had learnt the matter-of-fact mode of speaking from his mother. He was a carbon copy in this department, and in many other departments.
The said boy returned to the table then, giggling at something Mark was yelling in the background. About Jobe not finishing his dinner.
'I'm 19 dad. 19.'
'19 year old boys don't need to eat anymore.'
'Jobe - why aren't you eating?'
Denise chimed in and Jobe looked distraught.
'You guys - seriously?'
'They're right. You shouldn't skip meals, not on a school night.'
Jude added with a straight face
'Shut up, loser.'
'You're a loser.'
'Ananya - if you love me, you'd make him sleep on the floor tonight.'
She was happily sipping on wine, which she choked on when she heard her name in the middle of the family conversation. And in the context with which Jobe said it.
Her mouth opened and closed like a fish, unable to string words together, but Jude stepped in to help.
'Who said she loves you?'
That did not help.
'Ananya - tell him you love me.'
'Ummm...'
'Alright stop it boys. Jobe - you have training tomorrow. Go to bed now.'
The ever disciplined Denise made her presence known.
'Gosh you guys. I'm 19. NINETEEN.'
'Still a teen.'
'I hate you, bro.'
'Right back at you, bro.'
They hung up shortly after, with another firm nudge from Denise.
When they were wrapping up, Denise took Ananya to the side.
'He hasn't slept in two days.'
'Yeah I figured.'
'Should we give him something?'
'No I think today maybe different. Let me try. Otherwise lets do that tomorrow.'
'Yeah ok. Just....can you check....'
'I'm on it, Denise.'
She smiled reassuringly at the worried mum. And the mum smiled back.
After the usual activities that night in bed, Ananya sighed softly as she was half-laid over Jude's chest. The shirt from earlier laid crumpled over the floor.
'Told you clothes are not a problem.'
'Oh shushhh.'
The sound of his giggle gave her such joy.
'Can I ask you something?'
'Ofcourse.'
'How are you? Truly?'
'Babe...'
'Please? It's important to talk, Jude.'
He was quiet for 2 minutes.
'Hasn't fully sunk in yet. Either thing.'
'I get it.'
'Makes me question a few things.'
'Like?'
'Like how good I am?'
Jude did not like such vulnerability. But the words just started flowing when he was with her.
'You don't need the validation of THOSE people to know how good you are.'
'What about my people?'
'Like?'
'Club. Coach. Squad.'
'Sweetheart - they know more than your family & friends. They are the ones who put you on this pedestal last year.'
'Am I still there though, on that pedestal?'
'What do you feel?'
'Things have changed.'
'For the better or for the worse?'
'A bit of both sometimes. Don't know how to explain.'
'No I get it.'
'Hmm.'
'And I think you should talk to him. He loves you, you know that.'
It didn't need to be said that they were talking about Carlo.
'It can get messy if I do that.'
'Do it nicely. It'd get messier if you don't. Jude, if your head is not in the right place, you think we have a real shot at winning everything?'
'Am I talking to my girlfriend or a Madridista?'
'Both. And both are telling you the same thing. So listen to both.'
'You know I'm not great at these conversations.'
'That's crazy. You're great at addressing things head on. Just do that.'
'Mum said the same thing.'
'See? I knew it.'
'You're so like her sometimes.'
'Like how?'
'Like how smart you are. How correct.'
'Yeah - well - I'm smart can't help it.'
She giggled and he pulled her up for a sloppy, messy kiss.
'Tell me it'll get better.'
'It's you. You will not rest till it gets better. You will turn the world upside down to make it better. And well, it's Real Madrid. No one can keep us down for long.'
'You really should work at the club you know. They'd love you.'
'My dream job. But my current one pays a lot more.'
'Hmmmm.'
As she laid wrapped in his arms, Jude felt a sense of contentment that had evaded him last 2 days. He thought his world was crumbling down, while his world was right there in his arms. And next door. And in Sunderland. And in Birmingham. The pieces of his heart were around him to make him whole again. Ultimately, that's what mattered. This was the most important thing. And he will turn the world upside down till he gets to the very top of it, again. Which was his rightful place anyway.
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Written in 2 hours. Not edited at all.
Just me talking to myself, anything to distract from this mess.
Hope you like it.
#jude bellingham#real madrid#bellingham#jude#jb5#jb#jude bellingham smut#jude fanfic#bellingham x reader#star crossed lovers#jude bellingham fic#jude bellingham imagine#jude bellingham one shot#jude bellingham blurb#desi girl#jude bellingham angst#jude fic
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Who did this to you? - 9
Pairing: Thomas Shelby x female/Reader
Summary: Bruised and broken, Y/N, trapped in a loveless marriage, arrives at her best friend’s house, desperately hoping someone will help her, aware she cannot return to the estate of her husband.
Warning: fear, anxiety, Angst, swearing
Word Count: 2.7k
Part 8
Chains, bloodied and graced with torn rotting flesh, moulding in the light of the wanning moon, dangled in all directions in the howling wind. Bones cracked under polished shoes freckled by grime and coated with rotting leaves. The lightbulbs among the broken were shining faintly, breaking the doom, the utter darkness ruling in the endless corridor leading into different vacant rusty halls.
The wind was howling, a lonely wolf, a hound greeting the full moon. Water dripped through the holey ceiling of metal and musty wood. The old building, far away from civilisation, with shattered windows barricaded by boards was surrounded.
The man clothed in a form-fitting suit didn’t bear a map, didn’t need a compass to find the right path. The faint stench of mould lingered in the stiff air. Rats fled in great haste, screeched and warned the brothers hiding in the holes in the ground and empty chests. A few dark grey strands illuminated the dark sea. Untroubled Thomas followed the path. His fingers tapped against the polished metal. He did not put his gaze over his shoulder, focused on the light showing the end of the tunnel. Deep hush voices exchanged brief words and the grin on his lips widened, thought of ways to harm the men who had dared to touch his wife.
Thomas tilted his head. The light hit the tip of his shoes, but the Shelby, a demon, the devil himself waiting patiently, remained in the shadows. Deftly, he leapt to the side, hiding behind the cargo crates stacked high from India, Africa and the far East. Footsteps echoed and a soft whimper, a kitten, a newborn calling for its mother, fell silent. More men, dark dressed creatures, followed the order with drawn weapons and waited for the signal. Thomas leaned forward, peering through the crack between the crates. Two men, shabbily dressed, stood in the light of the flickering yellowish bulb, but his keen eyes couldn’t find the source of the whimper.
“The money?” the thinner one pecked, wiping the oil from his fingers on his trousers.
The taller one laughed, folding his arms in front of his bulging chest.
“The woman will pay us off. I called her. By the end of the day, we’ll get the money.”, “We should have killed his wife right away,” the other said, leaning against the cargo boxes.
“Karl, I would have killed her, but the other guy came. We would have died otherwise. I know him, Solomons. He would have killed us,” he interjected.
“And what are we supposed to do now, Jimmy?” Karl questioned.
“And what will happen to us, Karl?” Jim asked.
Karl shrugged his shoulders. Eyes widened in shock, screams followed, bullets pierced flesh and grazed bones. Men in suits stormed the old run-down complex, a tsunami swallowing villages and towns. Closely followed by his men, Thomas entered the room, stepped closer with his gun drawn, fired and hit the bull’s eye, ran ahead, searched and cursed, but didn’t find the woman. Sweat cascaded his face, turned, and hoped the men could answer his questions, but the eyes had paled. Cursing, Thomas stared at his brothers opening the crates in the hope of finding Peggy in one of them.
“Where is she?” Arthur asked, heaving.
John cursed, nearly fell into the crate. Perplexed, he stared into the distance, cursed under his breath, turned with paled features towards his brothers and mumbled a short prayer.
The moon wandered on, over land and mountains, on and on, climbing hills and swimming over lakes and raging streams. Under the cover of the moon, ghastly shadows crept forth. Light burned in the mansion far away from civilisation, from towns and villages. The vehicles parked in front of the mansion were not neatly lined up. Curtains were drawn and didn’t allow to witness the people warming themselves by the flames, gnawing on the hardened biscuits and awakening the sense with the dark unsweetened liquid. The phone didn’t ring, and the bell didn’t announce a guest.
The clock was ticking, heels clicked against the creaking hardwood. Voices had died down, the women did not chatter as the gentle voice breathing delicate word into the microphone sang of love and gentle kisses. The women exchanged meaningless glances, glanced at the man they thought would never enter the house, who had settled down by the fireplace and was leafing through the book with his legs crossed, staring again and again at the doors and windows in search of grim faces pursued by evil intentions. Y/N warmed her fingers on the cup filled with tea and dipped her tongue in the warm liquid.
“Don’t worry, they will be here soon. It’s just a matter of time. Don’t worry, my dear.” Ada breathed.
She flashed the shaking woman a smile, breathed encouraging words, but they couldn’t banish the fear from her heart.
“They’ve been gone for a long time. At least three hours now.” Y/N breathed.
“You worry too much Y/N/N. The Shelby can take something. If he’s not here by seven, then we’ll go looking for him together.” Alfie joked.
Y/N stretched her arms into the air. Sleep gnawed on her bones and the voice in her head assured her that all would be well, that Thomas was on his way back, that the door would open soon and he would stand with Peggy and a promise to change by her side. She counted the seconds, focused on the clock, yet Y/N had lost track of time and space a long time ago. Her eyes widened. The tiredness was gone with the wind. Groaning, Y/N jumped and threw the blanket away. A wall, the last wall of defence rose in front of her and a palm settled on her back.
“Come, little one. We will go together. You stay here. I have everything under control. I saw a car.” Alfie said.
Y/N tried to argue, telling him to stay with the others, that she wanted to go alone, but no words crossed her lips and nodded. Alfie smiled, gave her shoulder a gentle squeeze, stuffed his gun into the pocket, and guided Y/N away from the richly set table. Keys jingled. Alfie pushed Y/N behind him, but the young woman went ahead. The cold air brushed her skin and painted her cheeks. Brows almost touched. Y/N looked questioningly at Peggy, shook her head, and lips parted.
“Peggy?” Y/N whispered, not believing her eyes, convinced she was about to awake from a dream.
She looked healthy. Not a drop of blood clung to the long white evening dress, looked like a woman on her way to church to walk down the aisle. The hair was laid in curls, dotted with pearls and glass shaped in tears. The bouquet, white and red flowers fell to the ground. A smile, false as a fox’s, sweet as a snake’s voice, spread on her lips.
“You’re well?” Y/N questioned.
“Why shouldn’t I be well? I am glad to see that you are well. I see nothing happened to you while I was away. I told you to wait for me at home. I could never have forgiven myself if something bad had happened to you.” Peggy spoke coldly, stoically, emotionlessly.
“Where’s Thomas? He’s out looking for you. I was worried about you.” Y/N uttered.
Spreading her arms, Y/N wanted to enclose Peggy in a tight hug, but fingers clawed deep into the thin material covering her, forcing her to stagger backwards.
“Alfie, can you please let go of me?’ Y/N demanded.
Y/N turned and stubbornly demanded to be let free, but Alfie shook his head.
“Why do you have to make everything more complicated? Get in there and don’t do anything stupid or you’ll all regret it. Are we clear?”, “I wouldn’t do that.” Alfie interjected. He removed his hand from the pistol and rose his hands into the air after he pulled Y/N closer to his chest.
“Peggy?” Y/N breathed, hoped the person bore a mask, but it was Peggy.
Colour drained from her features. Cold metal pressed deeper into her skin. Bloodshot eyes forced Alfie to step back and told him not to dare to waste a single thought about doing something he might regret. Questions nor curses crossed Y/N´s lips pressed into a fine line. A lonely tear cascaded down her left cheek and left a red burning mark on her skin. Y/N questioned her life, every decision she had made, every word and complain she had said to Peggy in hope she would aid her. Synchronically, Ada and Polly arose, aimed, but no shots pierced the air. Peggy chased Alfie away to stand by the wall and he listened and placed the weapon on the ground as the women as Peggy stood tall behind the crumbling shield.
“Why?” Y/N inquired, her heart bursting through skin and bone.
Peggy laughed and combed through Y/N´s locks with her long light-coloured nails.
“I should be in your place. It would have been so easy. But those idiots let you get away and then you were at my door and I just had to let you in. I called these fools. I knew they would be at the bar, and informed them that you were with me, that they should walk in and take care of you. I then set off here, wanting to inform all of you that something might have happened to Y/N. I would have taken your place, but this man had to interfere with my plan.” Peggy joked.
Her bloodshot eyes slid from one person to another and pointing her finger at the tall man settling down on the armchair by the crackling fire.
“How would you have done it? The Shelby wouldn’t have to believe you. Nobody would have.” Alfie questioned, with his arms crossed in front of his body.
“Nobody? Suddenly everybody was searching for Y/N. When I returned home, she was gone. I am a good actress, I had classes when I was young and played in the theatre, always the evil and wicked,” the woman huffed.
She chuckled.
“Thomas would have believed me. I would have played the good friend, helping him through this rough path. I just wanted to play the worried friend. I would have helped to find Y/N and then after a good month the case would have gone cold. The postman would have brought a letter from overseas and the problem would have been solved. Thomas would have found a good friend in me and later a wife,” she sneered.
“But they trashed your house.” Y/N breathed, eliciting a malicious laugh from the mad woman.
“I was a bit angry and had to let my anger run free. My plan was perfect.” she huffed, stroking Y/N’s skin with the weapon.
“You wanted to kill me?” Y/N breathed.
“No one cared about you, you told me everything, your former husband barely cared about you, you slept alone, spent your days alone, were air for everyone, I didn’t expect anyone to care about you.” Peggy laughed.
Y/N gulped, nodded, and breathed a soft prayer, prayed for the safety of all of them a few steps away from her.
“A confident woman. Why would I marry you?” a deep voice sneered.
Smiling, Peggy turned around, fixed her hair and let go of Y/N, but she was rooted into the ground, turning into a statue overgrown by moss.
“All these months you’ve been using me.” Y/N
The veil fell, and the wind carried away the dense mist. Y/N balled her hands into fists, nails bore deep into the soft flesh, but no sound escaped her lips. She faced Peggy, unfearful of the weapon in her right hand.
“You never told me to give Thomas a chance, to at least try to get along with him. You never said anything nice about him. When he gave me flowers or chocolate, you told me he’d cheated on me and feared I would find out.” Y/N whispered, her voice raising with every fallen word.
She remembered the forgotten, the lonely nights, the long calls, the endless hours spend in the small room and crying her heart out to the wrong person, hoping Peggy would help her like only a friend could.
“We spoke on the phone when Thomas didn’t come back that evening and instead of telling me that he must be working but you swore on your parents’ lives that you saw him in the arms of a woman.” Y/N cried out.
Y/N faced her friend, unfaced and untroubled by the loaded gun.
“I suppose that was a lie, too. Probably everything you told me was a lie,” Y/N whispered.
She remembered the nights she was pouring out her heart and the answers that were as false as the snake’s words. She raised her eyes and looked up at Thomas. The man swallowed, saw the questions in his wife’s eyes and smiled.
“I was never unfaithful, Y/N. I was a terrible husband, but I was always faithful to you,” Thomas assured her.
“I believe you,” Y/N whispered, but Thomas had heard the answer.
Y/N advanced, oblivious to the woman in the wedding garment, wanting to go towards her husband, but Peggy made it impossible for her to do so, getting in the way.
“Enough of this sweet talk.” Peggy chuckled.
Metal dazzled the eyes. She grabbed Y/N by the collar, scratched her skin, pressed her tightly against him. And the men and women, apart from Thomas, recoiled with their hands up. Thomas stashed his hands in his trouser pockets and nodded, guessing what she would demand.
“You let me out and nothing will happen to her.” Peggy requested.
The Shelby nodded, exchanged brief glances with his brothers.
“Good, go, you know the way. You hand Y/N over to me at the door. I leave my gun here and you put yours away. Do we understand each other?” Thomas spoke.
“I don’t think you’re in a position to make demands here, Thomas, but I’ll take your offer. But I want them out of here. I want them all out of here in the kitchen.” Peggy interjected.
Thomas gestured to his siblings to leave, nodding, indicating that they should be on their way, that they shouldn’t worry, but his eyes betrayed him. Slowly, they rose from the sofa and did as Thomas ordered them again to leave. Heels clicked against the hardwood. Hush voices exchanged words, and the door slammed shut.
“Can we go?” Thomas probed.
Thomas walked ahead, showed the way, paused at the open door, pushed it wide open and motioned the woman to leave. His hands clenched into fists. He wanted to free Y/N from the woman’s clutches, heard the soft whimpering as Peggy grabbed her former friend. Teeth gritted. Peggy stopped and turned with Y/N.
“Here you go.” she shoved Y/N in his direction.
Y/N staggered forward, threatening to fall like a soldier, but arms wrapped tightly around her body, pressing her tightly to his chest. Thomas breathed loving words into her ear, pressed his dried lips on her skin and pressed featherlight kisses on her cheek. He murmured a prayer and begged for her forgiveness. Sweat danced down his face. He pressed another fleeting kiss on her temple. Thomas put his hands over her ears, deafening her to the screams and bullets piercing the air and suddenly, after all this time filled with screams and prayers, silence reigned over the land.
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For Gladness of You by kariye
tis I, emerging from the depths to release a book into the wild -- ok, no i am lying i sent this book out in April (which was late, terrible of me)
In March 2024, I participated in the @renegadeguild California Mini-Exchange (CAME). as some people might know - i am one of the original interlopers in the server granted i don't actually live in california, but i was promoted to Asia Ambassador status when i visited last year in July.
For the exchange, I very gloriously got @mourningmountainsbindery as my partner for the exchange who i was excited to bind for, but I struggled a little in making this book as my house has been in a state of perpetual crisis until I officially move in November end of this year. This is sadly put my bookbinding on a backburner and I have been rather slow at it (my pace so far has been something like 3 books over 6 months, which is terrible).
Ultimately, I selected the fic because it's one of my favourites in the AOS fandom, and I love its use of non-linear storytelling.
Some stats as usual:
51055 words || 164 pages
body text: liberation serif 11 point
i had previously typeset this fic in word last year and I had really wanted to update the cover design. i've been leaning more into using paper and fabrics to tell a story, and i liked being able to use the different coloured papers to represent the coloured stones featured in the fic. I also painted the edges with liquid graphite, waxed and burnished them to make them shiny. i did a (largely failed) experiment to speckle the edges but mostly gave up as it was too messy to really do indoors. Some papers are from mamor papierie, and another is obtained from a marbler in India from etsy.
Endbands are made of silk, though i'd probably lean into thinner silk for smaller books in the future.
This book also features the second cut-out i've ever made, which i abused my cricut into doing it for me. Guess who found out that it's almost impossible to centralize the cut if you've precut the board already to size.
(Me, that's who.)
Despite the whinging, I do like how cut-outs work and will probably use them more in the future.
Anyway I CAME!!!!!
#bookbinding#fanbinding#my books#renegade bookbinding guild#renegade california mini exchange#spirk#star trek aos#for gladness of you#kariye
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What is Mutual Fund?
A mutual fund is a type of investment vehicle that pools money from multiple investors to invest in a diversified portfolio of securities such as stocks, bonds, and other assets. Investments in securities are spread across a wide cross-section of industries and sectors and thus the risk is reduced.
It is managed by a professional fund manager or an asset management company (AMC) who makes investment decisions on behalf of the investors.
Mutual funds offer good investment opportunities to the investors. Like all investments, they also carry certain risks
SEBI formulates policies and regulates the mutual funds to protect the interest of the investors.
OVERVIEW OF MUTUAL FUNDS INDUSTRY IN INDIA
The mutual fund industry in India was set up through a combination of regulatory changes, legislative reforms and the entry of various market players.
Unit Trust of India- UTI was founded in 1964, which is when the mutual fund sector in India first started to take off. To mobilize public funds and invest them in the capital markets, UTI was established as a statutory body under the UTI Act, 1963. The idea of mutual funds was greatly popularized in India because to UTI.
Regulatory Framework-In India, the mutual fund industry's regulatory structure began to take shape in the 1990s. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) Act, which established SEBI as the governing body for the Indian securities markets, was passed in 1993. Among other market intermediaries, SEBI was responsible with regulating and supervising mutual funds.
The SEBI (Mutual Funds) Regulations,1996- This regulation established the legal foundation for the establishment, administration, and operation of mutual funds in India. These regulations outlined the standards for investor protection, investment restrictions, disclosure requirements, and eligibility requirements for asset management companies (AMCs).
Introduction of Private Sector Mutual Funds: UTI was the only active mutual fund provider in India prior to 1993. Private sector mutual funds were nevertheless permitted to enter the market as a result of the liberalization of the financial sector and the opening up of the Indian economy. Many domestic and foreign financial organizations launched their own AMCs and entered the mutual fund industry.
Product Line Evolution: The mutual fund sector in India has grown and increased its product selection throughout the years. Mutual funds initially mainly offered income and growth opportunities. To address various investor needs and risk profiles, the industry did, however, offer a wider range of products, such as equity funds, debt funds, balanced funds, and specialist sector funds.
Investor Education and Awareness: Serious efforts have been made to educate and raise investor awareness in order to encourage investor involvement in mutual funds. Industry groups, AMCs, and SEBI have run investor awareness campaigns, distributed instructional materials, and supported systems for resolving investor complaints. Systematic Investment Plans (SIPs) were introduced, and this was a significant factor in luring individual investors
Technological Advancements-The mutual fund sector in India has embraced technological development, making it possible for investors to access and invest in mutual funds through online platforms and mobile applications. Investors can now transact, track their investments, and get mutual fund information more easily thanks to digital platforms.
The mutual fund industry in India has developed into a strong and regulated sector through regulatory changes, market competition, and investor-centric initiatives. The sector keeps expanding, drawing in more investors and providing them with a wide variety of investment possibilities around the nation.
#business#writing#investment#mutual funds#security market#money#sebi registered investment advisor#equity#make money tips#savings#financial#raise funds#funds#profit#return#growth#reading#knowledge#personal finance#income
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Girls Boarding Schools: Why Rishikul Vidyapeeth Stands Out
When searching for the best girls boarding schools, one name that consistently emerges as a top contender is Rishikul Vidyapeeth. Nestled in the serene environment of Haryana, Rishikul Vidyapeeth is not just a school but a nurturing ground for young girls, shaping them into confident, capable, and responsible individuals. With a rich heritage in providing quality education and holistic development, Rishikul Vidyapeeth is a premier choice for parents looking to secure their daughters' future.
Why Choose Rishikul Vidyapeeth for Your Daughter? Holistic Education Rishikul Vidyapeeth emphasizes a balanced curriculum that blends academics, sports, arts, and extracurricular activities. The school's mission is to nurture well-rounded students who excel not only in academics but also in character development, leadership skills, and personal growth.
World-Class Facilities The school boasts state-of-the-art facilities designed to provide an optimal learning environment. From modern classrooms equipped with the latest technology to well-maintained sports grounds, libraries, and science labs, every aspect of Rishikul Vidyapeeth is geared towards enhancing students' experiences.
Safe and Secure Boarding Safety is a top priority at Rishikul Vidyapeeth. The school provides a safe, secure, and nurturing environment for girls, with round-the-clock supervision and modern security systems. The comfortable and well-furnished boarding facilities create a home away from home, fostering a sense of belonging and camaraderie among the students.
Experienced Faculty At Rishikul Vidyapeeth, the teaching faculty comprises experienced and dedicated professionals who are passionate about shaping the future of their students. They are not only subject matter experts but also mentors who guide and inspire students to reach their full potential.
Focus on Values and Discipline Rishikul Vidyapeeth instills strong values and discipline in its students. The school emphasizes moral and ethical education, ensuring that girls grow up to be responsible citizens with a strong sense of duty, respect, and compassion.
Global Exposure In an increasingly interconnected world, Rishikul Vidyapeeth offers its students various opportunities for global exposure. The school participates in international student exchange programs, educational trips, and collaborations, allowing girls to broaden their horizons and gain valuable insights into different cultures.
Sports and Extracurricular Activities The school encourages students to engage in sports and extracurricular activities to promote physical fitness and mental well-being. With facilities for various sports and activities such as dance, music, art, and drama, students at Rishikul Vidyapeeth can pursue their passions and develop new talents.
Strong Alumni Network Rishikul Vidyapeeth has a vast network of successful alumni who have gone on to achieve great things in various fields. The alumni association provides current students with mentorship and guidance, helping them navigate their educational and professional journeys.
Why Boarding Schools for Girls are Beneficial Boarding schools like Rishikul Vidyapeeth offer a structured and disciplined environment where girls can thrive academically and personally. These schools provide an opportunity for girls to develop independence, time management skills, and self-reliance. They also foster lifelong friendships, as students live and learn together in a close-knit community.
Conclusion For parents seeking a girls' boarding school that combines academic excellence, holistic development, and a nurturing environment, Rishikul Vidyapeeth is the ideal choice. The school’s commitment to empowering young girls with the knowledge, skills, and values they need to succeed makes it one of the best girls boarding schools in India. Choosing Rishikul Vidyapeeth means choosing a brighter future for your daughter.
#girls boarding schools#day boarding schools in india#best primary school in delhi ncr#boys residential school#international board schools in delhi ncr
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Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs) and Their Relevance to Indian Firms
Special Purpose Acquisition Companies, or SPACs, have become a buzzword in global financial markets. As an innovative way to take companies public, SPACs offer a faster and more flexible alternative to traditional Initial Public Offerings (IPOs). While the model has gained significant traction in the United States, it presents a unique opportunity for Indian firms looking to expand and raise capital abroad. However, challenges related to regulatory frameworks and market risks still persist. This blog explores what SPACs are, their advantages, and how they might fit into the Indian corporate landscape.
What is a SPAC?
A SPAC is essentially a “blank-check” company with no commercial operations. Its sole purpose is to raise funds through an IPO to merge with a private company, allowing the target company to become publicly listed without going through the traditional IPO process. Investors buy into a SPAC based on the expertise of its sponsors, trusting them to identify and acquire a promising target. If no acquisition takes place within a set timeframe (usually 24 months), the SPAC must return the money to investors.
Key Characteristics of SPACs:
Speed and efficiency: Companies can become publicly listed faster than via a standard IPO.
• Lower regulatory scrutiny: SPAC mergers avoid much of the red tape associated with IPOs.
• Pre-negotiated valuations: Target companies can negotiate valuations with the SPAC sponsors rather than relying on fluctuating market conditions.
The Global Rise of SPACs
SPACs became especially popular in 2020 and 2021, accounting for nearly half of all IPOs in the United States during that period. Successful companies like Virgin Galactic and DraftKings used SPACs to go public, paving the way for others to explore this model. Investment banks, venture capitalists, and private equity firms have embraced SPACs as a quick, lucrative way to introduce companies to public markets.
Why SPACs gained momentum:
1. Volatile markets: During periods of market uncertainty, SPACs offer companies more predictability in terms of valuation and timeline.
2. Demand for faster capital access: Startups and high-growth firms, particularly in sectors like technology and healthcare, found SPACs an attractive way to secure investments.
The Relevance of SPACs for Indian Firms
Indian firms, especially those in technology, fintech, renewable energy, and pharmaceuticals, are increasingly eyeing global markets. SPACs offer a convenient way for these firms to list abroad, particularly on exchanges such as the NASDAQ or the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).
Advantages of SPACs for Indian Firms:
1. Global Market Access: Companies looking to expand internationally can benefit from SPACs by gaining a listing on prestigious foreign exchanges.
2. Flexible Valuation Models: Indian startups and unicorns often find it challenging to secure favorable valuations through traditional IPOs. SPACs offer them the opportunity to negotiate more favorable terms.
3. Capital for Growth: Indian firms in growth-intensive sectors can leverage SPAC mergers to secure quick funding for global expansion.
Challenges Indian Firms May Face
While SPACs hold immense potential, Indian companies encounter several regulatory and market barriers in leveraging this route effectively:
1. Regulatory Uncertainty: The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has yet to create clear guidelines on SPAC transactions, adding a layer of uncertainty for companies and investors.
2. Foreign Exchange and FEMA Regulations: Indian firms must navigate the complexities of Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA) regulations to raise capital abroad.
3. Speculative Nature of SPACs: Not all SPACs find suitable acquisition targets, leading to market skepticism and reputational risks.
Examples of Indian Companies Exploring SPACs
Some Indian firms have already started testing the SPAC model. For instance, ReNew Power, a leading renewable energy company, merged with a U.S.-based SPAC to get listed on the NASDAQ. This case shows that Indian firms, especially in industries aligned with global trends like sustainability, can find success through SPAC mergers.
In addition, startups in the tech and digital economy sectors are increasingly considering SPACs to bypass the lengthy regulatory processes involved in listing on Indian exchanges. However, SEBI’s reluctance to recognize SPACs domestically means these companies currently need to explore foreign exchanges for listings
What Lies Ahead: Will SPACs Become a Mainstay in India?
As Indian companies continue to expand globally, SPACs offer an alternative path to raise capital and build international credibility. If SEBI introduces SPAC-friendly regulations, India could see a surge in SPAC-based listings—both domestically and internationally. Additionally, financial hubs such as Singapore and Hong Kong are emerging as attractive venues for SPAC deals, offering Indian firms new avenues for public listings.
Conclusion
SPACs present a promising yet challenging opportunity for Indian firms looking to expand and raise capital in global markets. With advantages such as flexible valuations, quicker listings, and access to foreign capital, this model can benefit high-growth Indian companies in technology, healthcare, and renewable energy. However, regulatory uncertainties and market risks need to be addressed for Indian firms to fully capitalize on this trend.
As the world watches the evolution of SPACs, Indian firms and regulators must adapt to these changing dynamics. With the right policies in place, SPACs could become a pivotal part of India’s global corporate strategy.
By understanding and engaging with this evolving financial mechanism, Indian firms can position themselves for success in global markets. As you build your corporate law portfolio, tracking these trends will showcase your knowledge of innovative legal and financial strategies—an essential skill for future corporate lawyers.
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Oz Rock bands were big in Brazil in the 1990s. Australian surfers know its breaks. [...] [I]n the past decade [2005-2015] Brazil has had the second fastest rate of migration to Australia [...].
Australia’s connection with Brazil began in 1787 with the First Fleet voyage. This was thanks to the port of Rio’s location in the South Atlantic and a centuries-long British-Portuguese alliance – unique among European powers in the Age of Empires. The First Fleet had three layovers on its relatively cautious eight month voyage from Britain: a week in the Spanish colony of Tenerife in the Canary Islands, a month at Rio in the Portuguese colony of Brazil and a month at the Dutch East India Company’s Cape colony in South Africa. Fleet commander Arthur Phillip had not intended to rest and resupply at Rio but sailing conditions made it prudent to do so. And Phillip’s former service in the Portuguese navy ensured a cordial welcome from Rio’s colonial authorities.
At this time, as Bruno Carvalho writes in Porous City: A Cultural History of Rio de Janeiro (2013), Rio enjoyed rising status within the Portuguese Empire. In 1763 it had been named the new capital of Brazil. In 1808 Portuguese royals fled to Rio to escape Napoleon and remained there at the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815. As a consequence, Rio could boast of being the only American city to serve as a centre of European power.
One First Fleet official lamented how little the British knew of Rio. This came to be addressed, as Luciana Martins notes in A Bay to be Dreamed Of: British Visions of Rio de Janeiro (2006), as increasing numbers of British visitors ventured there during the 19th century. Visitors included New South Wales Governor Lachlan Macquarie, and later Charles Darwin – along with thousands of convict and free migrants on board ships calling at the port of Rio.
Writing in Connected Worlds: History in Transnational Perspective (2005), Emma Christopher observed that in Australian history books, travel from Britain to Australia seemed to have been “covered as if in the blink of an eye”.
This inspired her to write of the “watery non-places” of the journey not as voids, but rather as places where much transnational history was lived [...].
[J]ournals by intending Australian colonists such as Macquarie’s wife Elizabeth allow glimpses of colonial Rio through colonial Australian eyes. Elizabeth Macquarie assessed Rio with keen intelligence and, more challengingly – as Jane McDermid has argued in recent research on histories of the British abroad – a callously casual racism.
First Fleet journals tell us that, in 1787, convicts confined to ship at Rio witnessed enslaved West Africans rowing Portuguese fruit sellers around the anchored Fleet transports in decoratively festooned boats.
Convicts overheard and exchanged stories from officials permitted shore leave: stories of the songs of captive West Africans awaiting sale at the port marketplace; of colourful Portuguese Catholic institutions and festivities that were exotic to straight-laced British Protestants. Stories of being forbidden, on pain of death, to venture to hinterland jewel mines. Onshore at Rio, colonial migrants bound for Australia befriended Portuguese colonists, despite the language barrier. They purchased curios. They passed judgement – glowing and harsh – on the people of the Portuguese colony, its natural and built environment, just as Brazilians in turn scrutinised them.
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Text by: Julie McIntyre. “I Go to Rio: Australia’s forgotten history with Brazil.” The Conversation. 16 September 2015. [Bold emphasis and some paragraph breaks/contractions added by me.]
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History of Finance in India
The Evolution of Financial Management in India and Its Impact on the Economy
India’s financial management history is a fascinating journey that has significantly shaped its economy. Let’s explore this evolution in simple terms.
Early Beginnings
Financial management in India has ancient roots. Historically, India was known for its rich in nature trade and commerce. Ancient texts like the Arthashastra, written by Chanakya, provide insights into early financial practices, including taxation and statecraft.
Colonial Era
The British colonial period brought significant changes. The establishment of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in Kolkata 1935 marked a pivotal moment. The RBI became the sole central authority for regulating the country’s currency and credit systems. However, the financial system was primarily designed to serve colonial interests, focusing on trade and revenue and tax collection.
Post-Independence Reforms
After gaining independence in 1947, India faced the challenge of building a robust financial system. The government nationalized 13 major banks in 1969 to ensure financial inclusion and support economic development. This move aimed to extend banking services to rural areas and promote savings and investments.
Liberalization in the 1990s
The 1991 marked a turning point with economic liberalization. The government introduced reforms to open up the economy, reduce state control, and encourage private sector participation. The Multi National Companies across the globe were invited, encouraged to set up their businesses in India for cheap labour. To initiate this government also provided tax benefits to these companies.
These reforms led to significant growth in the financial sector. The stock market expanded, and new financial instruments like mutual funds and insurance products became popular. The liberalization era also saw the establishment of regulatory bodies like the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to oversee the capital markets.
Digital Revolution
In recent years, digital technology has revolutionized financial management in India. Initiatives like the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana aimed to provide banking services to every household. The introduction of UPI or Unified Interface payments made transaction so quick and safe that today India is the largest country with the most number of online P2P and P2M transactions.
Impact on the Economy
The evolution of financial management has had a profound impact on the Indian economy:
Economic Growth: Financial reforms have fueled economic growth by attracting investments and promoting entrepreneurship.
Financial Inclusion: Nationalization of banks and digital initiatives have improved financial inclusion. The number of users of credit cards, online payments, loans and Bank account holders has increased significantly.
Stability and Regulation: The establishment of regulatory bodies like the RBI and SEBI has ensured stability and transparency in the financial system.
Innovation: The digital revolution has spurred innovation in financial services. Mobile Banking, Digital loans and Online Serices has made the work easier and efficient.
Conclusion
The history of financial management in India is a story of transformation and resilience. From ancient practices to modern digital innovations, each phase has contributed to shaping the economy. As India continues to evolve, its financial system will play a crucial role in driving sustainable growth and development.
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