#Emmanuel Barthélemy

[rcvandenboogaard]

Toevallige ontmoeting met dodelijke afloop

Het was niet eens de échte revolutie van 1848, die van februari, die een eind maakte aan het bewind van de ‘burger-koning’ Louis-Philippe en van Frankrijk weer een republiek maakte (de tweede, na de eerste tijdens de Franse revolutie). In juni van datzelfde jaar kwamen zo’n 20.000 Parijse arbeiders en handwerkslieden in opstand, omdat zij zich verraden voelden. In februari had de massa gestreden…

[leblogdemarinaetjeanmarie]

MARDI 5 DECEMBRE 2023 (Billet 1 / 5)

« HOMMAGE pour le 6e anniversaire de son départ »

Le soir du 5 décembre 2017, Johnny Hallyday meurt à l'âge de 74 ans à son domicile de Marnes-la-Coquette, dans l'ouest parisien, des suites d'un cancer du poumon.

Bien qu'attendue, l'annonce de son décès crée une émotion nationale en France et monopolise les médias. Lors de ses obsèques, le 9 décembre 2017, un « hommage populaire » lui est rendu à Paris avec une descente en musique par le cortège funéraire des Champs-Élysées devant près d'un million de personnes, un ��loge par le président de la République Emmanuel Macron sur le parvis de l'église de la Madeleine puis une messe dans cette église, en présence de nombreuses personnalités politiques, de la chanson, du cinéma et des médias, le tout retransmis en direct par les chaînes d'information en continu et les deux grandes chaînes généralistes de télévision françaises, TF1 et France 2, durant plus de cinq heures. Le chanteur est inhumé le surlendemain dans l'île antillaise de Saint-Barthélemy.

Le convoi funéraire part de l'Arc de Triomphe, descend les Champs-Élysées jusqu'à la place de la Concorde, toutes les deux fermées à la circulation pour l'occasion, avant de se rendre à l'église de la Madeleine pour un office religieux. Le corbillard aux vitres transparentes transportant le cercueil blanc (clin d’œil à Elvis Presley selon les dernières volontés du chanteur) est précédé d'une escorte de quinze motards de la police et suivi d'un cortège de nombreux véhicules funéraires et de sept cents bikers (« motards » en français) venus de la France entière. Il fait des haltes régulières sur le trajet pendant que les principaux tubes du chanteur sont interprétés par les musiciens de Johnny Hallyday depuis une scène dressée sur le parvis de la Madeleine. Le président Emmanuel Macron prononce un éloge funèbre sur le parvis de la Madeleine, avant l'office religieux, faisant notamment revivre un concert du chanteur en ayant recours à une figure de style inhabituelle, « l'hypotypose » (*).

Sur quasiment toute la hauteur de la partie droite de la façade de l'église est tendue une bâche avec un portrait du chanteur, fabriquée à Honfleur dans la nuit précédant la cérémonie, puis transportée à Paris et installée au petit matin.

Selon les médias, 1 million de personnes assistent dans les rues de la capitale à cet hommage, qui mobilise quelque 1 500 policiers. Les obsèques sont retransmises en direct sur plusieurs chaînes de télévision françaises : alors que TF1 et France 2 cumulent à elles seules plus de onze millions de téléspectateurs (68 % de part d'audience), l'hommage national à la rock-star attire un total de quinze millions de téléspectateurs.

Près de 700 personnalités participent à la cérémonie religieuse en l'église de la Madeleine.

(Source : « wikipedia.org »)

(*) Définition de « l’hypotypose » (NDLR du Blog)

L’hypotypose est une figure de style qui consiste à décrire de manière précise un objet ou une scène, développer de façon imagée une partie du récit et le rendre vivant. 

À l’instar de l’accumulation, l’hypotypose multiplie les éléments descriptifs du récit en donnant des détails. Ainsi, le lecteur va pouvoir se représenter la scène décrite, qui devient alors plus réaliste.

Cette figure de style stimule l’imaginaire du lecteur par la force du récit. 

(Source : « lalanguefrancaise.com »)

[christophe76460]

BIOGRAPHIE DE FRANÇOIS DU JON

François du Jon l’ancien, en latin Franciscus Junius, né le 1er mai 1545 à Bourges et mort le 13 octobre 1602 à Leyde, est un linguiste, exégète et professeur de théologie réformée, disciple de Calvin et de Théodore de Bèze.

Il fut pasteur à Anvers, d’où il dut fuir devant les persécutions, puis à Heidelberg. Il est l’auteur, en collaboration avec Emmanuel Tremellius, d’une traduction majeure de la Bible en latin et son ouvrage théologique, De Vera Theologia, est une œuvre essentielle de la dogmatique réformée. Une partie de l’œuvre de du Jon fut publiée en 1882 par Abraham Kuyper dans son ouvrage Bibliotheca Reformata, où, en raison de sa vaste influence sur les théologiens réformés contemporains et postérieurs, du Jon a l’honneur d’occuper la première place du premier volume de cette encyclopédie. Ce polyglotte fut aussi à l’occasion diplomate. Son fils François du Jon le jeune, sera le fondateur de la philologie germanique.

Né de parents protestants, Du Jon, chétif et maladif dès sa naissance, a été élevé avec beaucoup de peine, et plus d’une fois ses parents désespérèrent de lui conserver la vie. À peine eut-il atteint l’âge de cinq ans, que son père commença de le mettre à l’étude mais bientôt, se sentant peu de vocation pour l’enseignement, il lui donna un précepteur. À douze ans, il l’envoya aux écoles publiques de sa ville natale, où il tomba sous la férule de maitres barbares qui le maltraitèrent cruellement, sans qu’il lui échappât une plainte, tant il craignait que ses parents ne s’alarment et qu’on ne le retire de l’école. Il suivit néanmoins, dès cet âge, les cours de droit François Douaren et de Hugues Doneau, tous deux protestants et faisant autorité dans leur domaine. Ses études préparatoires terminées, il s’appliqua, pendant deux ans, à la jurisprudence mais, désireux de se faire remarquer, bien que, d’un autre côté, il fut si timide, que même à l’âge mûr il ne pouvait parler à sa femme sans rougir, et qu’il n’osait presque commander à ses domestiques, il résolut de prendre une voie plus courte que le barreau pour arriver aux honneurs. Étant donné ses capacités en droit et en grec, et ayant appris le départ d’un ambassadeur de France à la cour de Soliman le Magnifique à Constantinople, il se rendit à Lyon dans l’intention de se mettre à sa suite. Lorsqu’il arriva, l’ambassadeur était parti.

Il resta donc à Lyon et poursuivit alors des études de lettres classiques au Gymnase de Lyon pendant deux ans, vivant dans l’intimité de son compatriote Barthélemy Aneau, qui lui donna les meilleurs conseils sur la direction de ses études, en lui représentant que dévorer toutes sortes de livres sans choix et sans méthode était le moyen de ne jamais rien savoir à fond. Du Jon profita de l’avis, et n’eut qu’à s’en féliciter. L’étude des auteurs grecs et latins, notamment de Cicéron et d'Épicure, fit de lui un agnostique, avant que la lecture du premier chapitre de l'évangile de Jean ne le convainque de redevenir chrétien ; il s’affilia alors à l'Église réformée. En 1562, il partit poursuivre ses études à l’Académie de Genève auprès de Jean Calvin et de Théodore de Bèze. Là, il sombra dans une pauvreté extrême en raison du début des guerres de religion, en 1562-1563, qui interrompirent l’arrivée des subsides familiaux dont il vivait jusque-là. Sa santé en fut durablement ébranlée. Il n’acceptait que les secours très modestes d’un ancien protégé de sa famille. L’argent si longtemps attendu sera rapidement suivi par la terrible nouvelle du meurtre de son père à Issoudun, sans doute par un catholique fanatique dans le cadre des troubles religieux. Du Jon décide alors de rester à Genève, où il peut vivre de son enseignement.

En 1565, il accepte de devenir pasteur de l’Église wallonne d’Anvers. Il est chargé, peu après, de faire quelques amendements à la Confessio belgica composée par Guy de Brès en 1561, notamment en en simplifiant l’article 16. Il fait circuler à Genève pour recueillir un consensus. La Confessio Belgica est ensuite adoptée sans coup férir par le synode d’Anvers en 1566 puis par les synodes de Wesel (1568) et d’Emden (1571). En 1566, l’inquisition est lancée aux Provinces-Unies par le roi Philippe II d’Espagne. En réaction, la crise iconoclaste se déclenche dans l’ensemble des Provinces-Unies, mais du Jon n’y participe pas. Il s’oppose, au contraire, de manière non violente à l’Inquisition. L’accord de 1566 entre Guillaume d’Orange et Philippe II d’Espagne ne protégeant que les pasteurs et prédicateurs protestants natifs des Provinces-Unies, du Jon était menacé à Anvers. Ayant échappé à l’arrestation à plusieurs reprises, il se réfugia, entre août 1566 et mars 1567, au duché de Limbourg, qui était une petite république réformée. Du Jon y prêche dans l'église Saint-Georges pendant plusieurs mois avant la reconquête espagnole, d’où il dut s’exiler à nouveau pour gagner Heidelberg en 1567. L’électeur palatin Frédéric II l’y accueille et lui confie la charge de la paroisse réformée de Schönau. En 1568, ce même prince l’envoya se joindre en tant qu’aumônier à l’expédition malheureuse de Guillaume d’Orange aux Pays-Bas. Du Jon revient ensuite dans sa paroisse et y reste jusqu’en 1573.

De 1573 à 1578, il habite Heidelberg où il assiste Emmanuel Tremellius, dont il a épousé la fille, dans sa nouvelle traduction latine de la Bible, qui produit une version distinctement réformée qui paraît en 1579 et sera rééditée trente-trois fois entre 1579 et 1764. Cette version Tremellius-Junius exercera une forte influence sur la dogmatique réformée ; elle a souvent été associée avec la traduction du Nouveau Testament par Théodore de Bèze. Le successeur de Frédéric III, à partir de 1576, Louis IV, luthérien convaincu, expulse de l’université de Heidelberg tous les professeurs qui refusent de signer la Formule de Concorde. En 1579, Jean-Casimir, le propre frère de ce prince, lui-même devenu réformé après une étude personnelle de la Bible, et qui règne sur le Palatinat, fonde une université réformée à Neustadt, le Casimirianum, précisément pour accueillir les professeurs chassés d’Heidelberg et leur permettre d’enseigner à nouveau. Il fut, avec Zacharias Ursinus, l’auteur du Catéchisme de Heidelberg, l’un des premiers à rejoindre cette nouvelle université. Du Jon devint l’ami d’Ursinus, et prononcera son oraison funèbre en 1583. Cette même année, Jean Casimir ayant hérité de la couronne ducale, de Jon put réintégrer l’université d’Heidelberg, où il enseigna la théologie. Le Casimirianum, qui a rempli son office, est bientôt fermé. À la fin des années 1580 et jusqu’en 1592, du Jon participe à des missions diplomatiques pour le duc de Bouillon en France et en Allemagne. En 1592, il est nommé professeur de théologie à l’université de Leyde. Il y écrit De Vera Theologia, un ouvrage qui devient un des fondements de la dogmatique réformée. Sa mort l’empêcha d’accepter l'invitation de Philippe Duplessis-Mornay à se joindre au corps professoral de l'Académie de Saumur, qu’il était sur le point d’accepter. C’est Jacobus Arminius qui lui succède dans la chaire de théologie de l’université de Leyde.

Il succombe à 57 ans de la peste. La date exacte de sa mort n’est pas absolument claire. Il y a une incohérence dans la chronologie d'Abraham Kuyper, qui dans le premier volume de sa « Bibliotheca Reformata », D. Francisci Junii Opuscula Theologia Selecta, attribue comme date de décès à du Jon le 26 octobre 1602. C’est cette date qui avait été mentionnée dans l’oraison funèbre prononcée par Franciscus Gomarus à l’université de Leyde. Mais Gomarus donne aussi les dates du 13 octobre et du 20 octobre. La plupart des ouvrages de référence donnent le 13 octobre.

[justsomeantifas]

Free Leftist Zines Part 3

Blockade, Occupy, Strike Back (PDF)

Bodyhammer: Tactics and Self-Defense for the Modern Protestor (PDF1) (PDF2)

Bounty Hunters & Child Predators: Inside the FBI Entrapment Strategy (PDF1) (PDF2)

Breaking with Convention: Remembering where our Power Lies (PDF1) (PDF2)

Build those Collectives: A Workshop Pamphlet on How to Build A Collective, and What To Do With It When It’s Built (PDF)

Build Your Own Solidarity Network (PDF)

Building a Revolutionary Movement: Why Anarchist-Communist Organization? (PDF)

Building: A DIY Guide to Creating Spaces, Hosting Events and Fostering Radical Communities (PD1F) (PDF2)

But What About Beer?: A FAQ on drug consumption at common activist spaces – camps, events, social centers, etc” (PDF1) (PDF2)

Can’t Stop Kaos: A Brief History of the Black Bloc (PDF)

Colonization and Decolonization: A Manual for Indigenous Liberation in the 21st Century (PDF1) (PDF2)

Copwatch 101 (PDF1) (PDF2)

Defend the Territory: Tactics and Techniques for Countering Police Assaults on Indigenous Communities (PDF1) (PDF2)

Deserting the Digital Utopia: Computers against Computing (PDF)

Direct Action Tactics (PDF)

DIY Guide #1 (PDF) DIY Guide #2 (PDF)

Don’t Back Down! (PDF)

Don’t Try to Break Us–We’ll Explode: The 2017 G20 and the Battle of Hamburg: A Full Account and Analysis (PDF1) (PDF2)

Dropping Out: For Students (PDF)

Electoral Politics are not a “Gateway Drug” (PDF1) (PDF2)

Elements of A Barricade (PDF1) (PDF2)

Emmanuel Barthélemy: Proletarian Fighter, Blanquist Conspirator, Survivor of the Galleys, Veteran of the Uprisings of 1848, Fugitive, Duelist, Ruffian, &—Very Nearly—Assassin of Karl Marx (PDF1) (PDF2)

Excited Delirium: A Protestor’s Guide to ‘Less-Lethal’ Police Weaponry (PDF1) (PDF2)

False Hope vs. Real Change: An Anti-Partisan (beyond) Voting Guide to the 2008 Election (PDF)

Part 1 Part 2 Part 4 Part 5 Part 6

[mapsontheweb]

France (overseas territories in the Americas), presidential election (first round) today: Left-wing Jean-Luc Mélenchon (LFI) wins almost all municipalities. Incumbent liberal Emmanuel Macron (EC) wins one commune in French Guiana and Saint Barthélemy.

by @AmericaElige

[mist-the-wannabe-linguist]

Me in December: gonna design a bunch of crewmates with super basic vague backstory so I don't have to research too much info about it

Me now: this is Louis Alméraz from Chartres, France, conscripted in the levée en masse at 24 years old and served in the Army of East Pyrenees under commander Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer, later Army of Italy under commander Napoleon Bonaparte, Advance Guard general of division André Masséna, First Division general Amédée Emmanuel François Laharpe, general of brigade Jean Joseph Magdeleine Pijon, 75th Line Demi-Brigade, second battalion, fifth fusilier company

[mysticalhearth]

Y

Yank! - Gallery Players, Brooklyn - November 11, 2007 (Closing Night) FORMAT:  VOB (no smalls) (SD) CAST: Bobby Steggert (Stu), Maxime de Toledo (Mitch), Todd Faulkner (Sarge / Scarlett), Tyson Kaup (Tennessee), James Stover (Czechowski), Chris Carfizzi (Rotelli), Daniel Shevlin (Professor), Jeffry Denman (Artie), Nancy Anderson (The Women), Jonathan Day (Dream Stu), Chad Harlow (Dream Mitch), Matthew Marks (Melanie), Brian Mulay (India) NOTES: Excellent video, just ever so shy of proshot quality. A few occasional heads, but absolutely amazing for an off-Broadway shoot. A Year with Frog and Toad - Broadway - June 13, 2003 FORMAT:  VOB (with smalls) (SD) CAST: Jay Goede (Frog), Mark Linn-Baker (Toad), Jenn Gambatese (Bird, Mouse, Squirrel, Young Frog, Mole), Danielle Ferland (Bird, Turtle, Squirrel, Mother Frog, Mole), Frank Vlastnik (Bird, Snail, Lizard, Father Frog, Mole) NOTES: Decently shot but suffers from gen loss. Some washout, warbly but listenable audio. Yerma - The Young Vic - August 31, 2017 (Pro-Shot's master) FORMAT:  AVI (SD) CAST: Billie Piper (Yerma) You Can't Take It with You - First Broadway Revival - 1984 (Pro-Shot's master) FORMAT:  VOB (with smalls) (SD) CAST: Alice Drummond (Gay Wellington), George Rose (Boris Kolenkhov), Nicolas Surovy (Tony Kirby), Orrin Reiley (Wilbur C. Henderson), Maureen Anderman (Alice Sycamore), Jason Robards (Martin Vanderhof), Arthur French (Donald), Christopher Foster (Ed Carmichael), Bill McCutcheon (Mr. De Pinna), Jack Dodson (Paul Sycamore), Rosetta LeNoire (Rheba), Carole Androsky (Essie Carmichael), Meg Mundy (Miriam Kirby), Richard Woods (Anthony W. Kirby) NOTES: Taped performance during its Broadway run, and broadcast on "Broadway on Showtime." Three acts with two intermissions (one minute), at about 44 minutes and 82 minutes. You Can't Take It with You - Third Broadway Revival - December 26, 2014 FORMAT:  VOB (with smalls) (SD) CAST: Julie Halston (Gay Wellington), Reg Rogers (Boris Kolenkhov), Fran Kranz (Tony Kirby), Rose Byrne (Alice Sycamore), James Earl Jones (Martin Vanderhof), Will Brill (Ed Carmichael), Patrick Kerr (Mr. De Pinna), Mark Linn-Baker (Paul Sycamore), Crystal Dickinson (Rheba), Annaleigh Ashford (Essie Carmichael), Kristine Nielsen (Penelope Sycamore), Elizabeth Ashley (The Grand Duchess Olga Katrina), Johanna Day (Miriam Kirby), Byron Jennings (Anthony W. Kirby) You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown - Broadway Revival - 1999 FORMAT:  VOB (with smalls) (SD) CAST: Anthony Rapp (Charlie Brown), Ilana Levine (Lucy), BD Wong (Linus), Stanley Wayne Mathis (Schroeder), Kristin Chenoweth (Sally), BD Wong (Snoopy) NOTES: Shot from center balcony. Most faces are washed out. You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown - Pre-Broadway Revival Tour - November 23-28, 1998 FORMAT:  VOB (with smalls) (SD) CAST: Anthony Rapp (Charlie Brown), Ilana Levine (Lucy), BD Wong (Linus), Stanley Wayne Mathis (Schroeder), Kristin Chenoweth (Sally), Roger Bart (Snoopy) NOTES: Filmed on two different days You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown - Television Production - February 9, 1973 (Pro-Shot's master) FORMAT:  MP4 (SD) CAST: Wendell Burton (Charlie Brown), Ruby Persson (Lucy), Ben Livingston (Linus), Mark L Montgomery (Schroeder), Bill Hinnant (Snoopy), Noelle Matlovsky (Patty) NOTES: The program was originally shown in a 90-minute time slot with minimal commercial interruptions. The Paley Center for Media lists the actual running time 1:16:58. It was later shown later in a version edited to fit into a 60-minute time slot, which is the video in circulation. Young Frankenstein - Broadway - November 10, 2007 (SunsetBlvd79's master) FORMAT:  VOB (no smalls) (SD) CAST: Roger Bart (Frederick Frankenstein), Shuler Hensley (The Monster), Christopher Fitzgerald (Igor), Sutton Foster (Inga), Megan Mullally (Elizabeth Benning), Andrea Martin (Frau Blücher), Fred Applegate (Inspector Hans Kemp/Harold the Hermit) NOTES: The changes from Seattle tighten up the show. Also includes Transylvania Mania, Roll in the Hay, Together Again as performed on The Today Show. A+ Young Frankenstein - Plays In The Park - 2015 (Pro-Shot's master) FORMAT:  VOB (with smalls) (SD) CAST: Michael Louis (Doctor Frederick Frankenstein) Scott Daniels (The Monster) Billy Geltzeiler (Igor) Kelliann De Carlo (Inga), Elizabeth (Ali Gleason) Katie Riley, Bob Nutter NOTES: Pro-Shot Young Frankenstein - Seattle/Pre-Broadway - August 28, 2007 (SunsetBlvd79's master) FORMAT:  VOB (with smalls) (SD) CAST: Roger Bart (Frederick Frankenstein), Shuler Hensley (The Monster), Christopher Fitzgerald (Igor), Sutton Foster (Inga), Megan Mullally (Elizabeth Benning), Andrea Martin (Frau Blücher), Fred Applegate (Inspector Hans Kemp/Harold the Hermit) NOTES: A terrifically talented and funny cast. A beautiful capture of the tryout before Broadway, with many changes sure to come. A Young Marx - Bridge Theatre - December 7, 2017 (Pro-Shot's master) FORMAT:  MP4 (SD) CAST: Rory Kinnear (Karl Marx), Nicholas Burns (Willich), Nancy Carroll (Jenny von Westphalen), Oliver Chris (Friedrich Engels), Laura Elphinstone (Nym), Eben Figueiredo (Schramm), Tony Jayawardena (Gert “Doc” Schmidt), Scott Karim (Grabiner/Singer), Alana Ramsey (Mrs. Mullet), Sophie Russell (Librarian), Fode Simbo (Peter), William Troughton (Constable Crimp), Joseph Wilkins (Sergeant Savage), Duncan Wisbey (Mr. Feece/Bearded Man), Miltos Yerolemou (Emmanuel Barthélemy)

[husheduphistory]

1777 Irish Code Duello: The Most Formal Way to Fight

As long as there have been living breathing beings on earth they have found ways to quarrel amongst themselves. Historical texts and stories are filled with endless lists of battles, grudges, fistfights, vendettas, bar fights, brawls, wars and scuffles, both minute and gigantic, that have all had a hand in carving out the past. These fights were at least partially designed by their times and even when daily life was dictated by dignity, people still found a way to turn their fighting into formal affairs.

Dueling is a practice seen as far back as ancient times and the middle ages where two people would take part in one-on-one combat to settle disputes with whoever lost the fight being considered the guilty party. In 1526 the idea of dueling became mainstream when the treaty between Spain and France broke down resulting in Frances I challenging Charles V to a duel that never ended up taking place. This notion of the duel spread across the globe taking a firm hold in France and coming ashore with the earliest settlers of the United States a century later. As times and lives changed, so did the duel and it gradually transformed into a practice not for beggars and commoners, but for aristocrats looking to enact on their grudges in a way that was as ritualistic, proper, and dignified as dressing in their fanciest clothes.

As the 18th century dawned, so did the persona of the gentleman. With power and prosperity now extending beyond royalty and becoming accessible to a wider base, the route to the higher class could be found in business, military, career, landownership, politics, and community or city roles. Their status was clear in the way in which they presented themselves to the world. Social engagements, rich homes and possessions, fine clothing, and conduct painted the picture of the new upper class. An excerpt from Rules of Etiquette and Home Culture stated that

“It is the duty of a gentleman to know how to ride, to shoot, to fence, to box, to swim, to row and to dance. He should be graceful. If attacked by ruffians, a man should be able to defend himself, and also to defend women from their insults.”

The notion of defending oneself does not automatically congeal with the idea of the gentleman. But, an answer lay in the duel and for the aristocrats and elite of the 18th century this formal act of fighting was outlined in detail for them with the creation of the Irish Code Duello.

The Irish Code Duello is a set of twenty-seven formal rules for dueling that was laid out and adopted in 1777 at Clonmel Summer Assizes by gentlemen-delegates of Tipperary, Galway, Sligo, Mayo and Roscommon. The code’s entrance into the world coincided with a change in the mainstream weapon of choice. In the previous centuries dueling almost always meant a round of hand-to-hand combat with swords. These were often (but not always) replaced with the more fashionable choice of pistols and copies of the dueling code were almost always kept in a gentlemen’s pistol case.

The interior of the 18th century gentlemen’s pistol case

The reason for someone challenging another to a duel could be as simple as them reacting to a petty insult. At the core of it, the duel was for the preservation of one’s honor. Once challenged, a response was required otherwise the accused risked being publicly shamed and even having his cowardice written about in the newspaper. In a day and age when appearances, status, and image meant everything an embarrassment on that scale could ruin their business dealings and destroy their standing in the community. It was social suicide. No one truly wanted to duel, and the first steps of the challenge gave both parties ample time to get out of it before it came to pulling pistols.

Each participant in the possible duel had someone called a Second. This was a trusted friend of the same social standing (Rule #14) whose job it was to settle the rift nonviolently. If it did come to a duel it was their job to ensure it was carried out properly according to the rules. First, the offended party sent their Second to issue a challenge to offender. But first, they looked for an apology:

“Rule 1. The first offence requires the first apology, though the retort may have been more offensive than the insult. Example: A tells B he is impertinent, etc.; B retorts that he lies—yet, A must make the first apology, because he gave the first offence; and then (after one fire) B may explain away the retort by subsequent apology.”

If the offender apologized, then the matter was considered settled. If they did not, then it was them that chose the location of the duel while the offended challenger chose the distance that would separate them at the shots. It was the Seconds that decided on the time and terms of the firing. Apologies were permitted at any point up until combat began but once the duel officially started the option to apologize was voided until at least one round of bullets was fired.

Letter dated August 12th 1788 sent from Andrew Jackson challenging Colonel Waightstill Avery to a duel. Image is from the North Carolina Museum of History.

Once both parties were at the location of the duel it was the Second’s job to load the pistols in the presence of each other “unless they give their mutual honors they have charged smooth and single, which should be held sufficient” (Rule #18). They then hand the pistols, “one pistol; but in gross cases two, holding another case ready charged in reserve” (Rule #24), to the participants. On the occasion where both Seconds disagree, the option was there for them to exchange shots themselves at the same time as the initial duelers (Rule #25).

Reenactment of a gentleman’s duel

The Irish Code Duello quickly became the standard rules of the gentleman’s brawl all over the world. In February of 1815 Irish political leader Daniel O’Connell found himself involved in just such an altercation. O’Connell was opposed to the city government of Dublin, calling it a “beggarly corporation” which deeply offended Dublin Corporation member and skilled duelist John D’Esterre. Huge crowds gathered to witness the duel where many were hoping to finally see the end of O’Connell. However, the fatal shot was taken by D’Esterre who was shot in the hip and died after the bullet traveled to his stomach. O’Connell deeply regretted the whole incident and swore he would never duel again regardless of the social reaction.

An earlier deadly duel, arguably one of the most famous in history, took place in the United States between First Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton and Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr on July 11th 1804. When Hamilton shot first the bullet hit a tree which some believe was him “throwing away” his shot in order to suspend the duel. Burr responded by mortally wounding Hamilton with his shot and the Secretary of the Treasury died the following day.

Early illustration depicting the duel between Hamilton and Burr

Dueling was a common occurrence in Europe and the United States up until the 19th century when a significant decline began to take place. Some places like New York state saw a rise to organizations such as the Anti-Dueling Association of New York and dueling became outlawed in Washington D.C. on February 20th 1839. 

Pamphlet written by the Anti-Dueling Association of New York circa 1908

The last fatal duel in England took place on October 19th 1852 between French political exiles Frederic Cournet and Emmanuel Barthélemy which resulted in Cournet being killed. By the time World War I came crashing onto global shores the practice of dueling was made illegal in much of the western world and the practice faded into obscurity. However, in the early 20th century pistol dueling with wax bullets became a popular sport in France with it even being included in the 1908 Olympics.

Although is now greatly extinct, the image of two men marching away from each other and turning to shoot in a controlled, formulaic method remains iconic being seen and parodied in films, advertisements, and even children’s cartoons. The Irish Code Duello may not apply in these fictitious scenarios but they remain with us today serving a different function, as a testament to the importance of appearances and honor within the new-money world of the 18th century aristocracy.  

The following is a list of all 27 rules of the Irish Code Duello (25 original rules and two additional Galway Articles.

Rule 1. The first offence requires the first apology, though the retort may have been more offensive than the insult. Example: A tells B he is impertinent, etc.; B retorts that he lies—yet, A must make the first apology, because he gave the first offence; and then (after one fire) B may explain away the retort by subsequent apology

Rule 2. But if the parties would rather fight on, then, after two shots each (but in no case before), B may explain first, and A apologize afterwards. Note: The above rules apply to all cases of offences in retort, not of a stronger class than the example.

Rule 3. If a doubt exist who gave the first offence, the decision rests with the seconds; if they won’t decide, or can’t agree, the matter must proceed to two shots, or to a hit, if the challenger require it.

Rule 4. When the lie direct is the first offence, the aggressor must either beg pardon in express terms, ex change two shots previous to apology, or three shots, followed by explanation; or fire on until a severe hit be received by one party or the other.

Rule 5. As a blow is strictly prohibited under any circumstances amongst gentlemen, no verbal apology can be received for such an insult; the alternatives therefore are—the offender handing a cane to the injured party, to be used on his own back, at the same time begging pardon ; firing on until one, or both, is disabled; or exchanging three shots, and then asking pardon, without the proffer of the cane. If swords are used, the parties engage till one is well blooded, disabled, or disarmed ; or until, after receiving a wound, and blood being drawn, the aggressor begs pardon. Note: A disarm is considered the same as a disable; the disarmer may (strictly) break his adversary’s sword; but if it be the challenger who is disarmed, it is considered ungenerous to do so. In case the challenged be disarmed, and refuses to ask pardon, or atone, he must not be killed, as formerly, but the challenger may lay his own sword on the aggressor’s shoulder, then break the aggressor’s sword, and say, “I spare your life!” The challenged can never revive that quarrel—the challenger may.

Rule 6. If A gives B the lie, and B retorts by a blow (being the two greatest offences), no reconciliation can take place, till after two discharges each, or a severe hit, after which B may beg A’s pardon humbly for the blow, and then A may explain simply for the lie; because a blow is never allowable, and the offence of the lie, therefore, merges in it. (See preceding rule.) Note: Challenges for undivulged causes may be reconciled on the ground, after one shot. An explanation, or the slightest hit, should be sufficient in such cases, because no personal offence transpired.

Rule 7. But no apology can be received in any case after the parties have actually taken their ground, without ex change of fires.

Rule 8. In the above case, no challenger is obliged to divulge his cause of challenge (if private), unless required by the challenged so to do before their meeting.

Rule 9. All imputations of cheating at play, races, etc., to be considered equivalent to a blow, but may be reconciled after one shot, on admitting their falsehood, and begging pardon publicly.

Rule 10. Any insult to a lady under a gentleman’s care or protection, to be considered as, by one degree, a greater offence than if given to the gentleman personally, and to be regulated accordingly.

Rule 11. Offences originating or accruing from the sup port of ladies’ reputation, to be considered as less unjustifiable than any others of the same class, and as admitting of slighter apologies by the aggressor, this to be determined by the circumstances of the case, but always favorably to the lady.

Rule 12. In simple unpremeditated rencontres with the small sword, or couteau-de-chasse, the rule is—first draw, first sheathe; unless blood be drawn ; then both sheathe and proceed to investigation.

Rule 13. No dumb shooting or firing in the air admissible in any case. The challenger ought not to have challenged without receiving offence; and the challenged ought, if he gave offence, to have made an apology before he came on the ground ; therefore, children’s play must be dishonorable on one side or the other, and is accordingly prohibited.

Rule 14. Seconds to be of equal rank in society with the principals they attend, inasmuch as a second may either choose or chance to become a principal, and equality is indispensable.

Rule 15. Challenges are never to be delivered at night, unless the party to be challenged intend leaving the place of offence before morning; for it is desirable to avoid all hot-headed proceedings.

Rule 16. The challenged has the right to choose his own weapon, unless the challenger gives his honor he is no swordsman; after which, however, he cannot decline any second species of weapon proposed by the challenger.

Rule 17. The challenged chooses his ground; the challenger chooses his distance; the seconds fix the time and terms of firing.

Rule 18. The seconds load in presence of each other, unless they give their mutual honors they have charged smooth and single, which should be held sufficient.

Rule 19. Firing may be regulated—first, by signal ; secondly, by word of command; or, thirdly, at pleasure—as may be agreeable to the parties. In the latter case the parties may fire at their reasonable leisure, but second presents and rests are strictly prohibited.

Rule 20. In all cases, a miss-fire is equivalent to a shot, and a snap or a non-cock is to be considered as a miss-fire.

Rule 21. Seconds are bound to attempt a reconciliation before the meeting takes place, or after sufficient firing or hits, as specified.

Rule 22. Any wound sufficient to agitate the nerves, and necessarily make the hand shake, must end the business for that day.

Rule 23. If the cause of meeting be of such a nature that no apology or explanation can or will be received, the challenged takes his ground, and calls on the challenger to proceed as he chooses ; in such cases, firing at pleasure is the usual practice, but may be varied by agreement.

Rule 24. In slight cases the second hands his principal but one pistol; but in gross cases two, holding another case ready charged in reserve.

Rule 25. Where seconds disagree and resolve to exchange shots themselves, it must be at the same time, and at right angles with their principals…If with swords, side by side, with five paces interval. Note: All matters and doubts not herein mentioned, will be explained and cleared up by application to the committee, who meet alternately at Clonmell and Galway, at the Quarter Sessions, for that purpose.

Galway Articles:

Rule 1. No party can be allowed to bend his knee or cover his side with his left hand; but may present at any level from the hip to the eye.

Rule 2. None can either advance or retreat, if the ground be measured; if no ground be measured, either party may advance at his pleasure, even to touch muzzles; but neither can advance on his adversary after the fire, unless the adversary steps forward on him. Note: The seconds on both sides stand responsible for this last rule being strictly observed; bad cases having accrued from neglecting of it.

[newstfionline]

The Storm Reaches Puerto Rico: ‘There Is Nothing Like This’

By The New York Times, Sept. 7, 2017

• Hurricane Irma, one of the strongest storms ever recorded in the Atlantic, hit the eastern Caribbean on Wednesday with winds of up to 185 miles an hour, but had slowed to 180 m.p.h. by Thursday morning.

• The Category 5 storm leveled Barbuda, damaging 95 percent of its buildings and leaving the island “barely habitable.” It has since begun lashing Puerto Rico and is also threatening havoc and destruction in the Virgin Islands, the Dominican Republic, Haiti and Cuba. The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands will also be at risk on Thursday.

• The French interior minister, Gerard Collomb, said at least eight people had been killed in French Caribbean territory, and at least three deaths were reported elsewhere. The authorities warned that the toll would rise as communications improved.

• President Trump declared a state of emergency in Florida, Puerto Rico and the United States Virgin Islands. The storm is expected to reach Florida early on Saturday, potentially causing catastrophic flooding.

‘Barbuda is literally rubble,’ but Antigua is spared. Early on Wednesday, Prime Minister Gaston Browne of Antigua and Barbuda said his nation had been spared the worst of the hurricane, declaring in a statement, “The essential point is that our main infrastructure has stood up and our country can resume normal life within hours.” He went so far as to add, “I dare to say that no other country in the Caribbean would have been as well prepared as we were.”

This turned out to be stunningly inaccurate: While the damage in Antigua was not as severe as expected, Mr. Browne announced in the afternoon that 95 percent of all structures on its sister island, Barbuda, had been damaged or destroyed, rendering the island “barely habitable.” A telecommunications tower was broken in two. At least one person, an infant, was killed.

Barbuda, home to about 1,600 people (3 percent of the country’s population), “is literally rubble,” the prime minister told ABS TV/Radio Antigua.

In his initial statement Wednesday morning, Mr. Browne suggested he had been receiving reports from Barbuda. But he later clarified that, in fact, the storm had knocked out all official communication systems on the island, rendering officials there unreachable after the storm. As a result, it was not until the afternoon, when the prime minister surveyed Barbuda from the air, that the extent of the devastation became clear.

“What I saw was heart-wrenching--I mean, absolutely devastating,” Mr. Browne told ABS TV afterward, estimating that it would take at least $150 million to return the island to some semblance of normalcy.--Carl Joseph, Kirk Semple And Maggie Astor

‘Considerable’ damage in the French Caribbean. President Emmanuel Macron of France said on Wednesday evening that it was too early to say how badly the islands of St. Martin and St. Barthélemy had been damaged or how many casualties there were. But French officials reported that the death toll was at least two, and Mr. Macron said the aftermath would be “harsh and cruel.”

“We will have victims to lament, and the material damage on the two islands is considerable,” he said after a crisis meeting in Paris, adding that the “entire nation” stood beside the inhabitants of the islands.

Mr. Macron said that emergency services were focusing on re-establishing contact with the affected areas and that rescue operations would be coordinated from the French Caribbean island of Guadeloupe, where the French minister for overseas territories, Annick Girardin, was headed on Wednesday evening.--Aurelien Breeden

In the Virgin Islands, ‘it feels seismic.’ Javorn Micheal Fahie, a taxi driver in Tortola, in the British Virgin Islands, said most of the galvanized steel roofs in his neighborhood had blown off. He saw two of them, from houses facing his, flying away in the wind.

“Oh boy,” he said in an internet phone call from his concrete house in the Johnson’s Ghut area of the island, where he had been riding out the storm all day and posting videos of it on his Facebook page. “A lot of wind and rain.”

“All the trees around us have no leaves,” he added. “Everything is empty.”

Late on Wednesday, the Federal Emergency Management Agency tweeted a photo from a resident of St. Thomas, in the United States Virgin Islands.

Earlier in the day, Kelsey Nowakowski, who lives in St. Thomas, described how she and four friends had hunkered down and waited for the storm to pass.

“We’ve all been in hurricanes before, but have never felt anything like this before,” Ms. Nowakowski said in a message via Twitter. “It feels seismic, it feels catastrophic.”--Richard Pérez-Peña and Kirk Semple

In Puerto Rico, fears of rising waters. Gov. Ricardo A. Rosselló said at a televised briefing on Wednesday that six to eight inches of rain were expected in Puerto Rico, with some areas receiving up to 12 inches.

“As the history with Harvey states,” he said, referring to the hurricane that battered Houston, “flooding can become the major cause of death in events of this nature.”

With the storm expected to pass just north of San Juan between 6 p.m. and 8 p.m., the governor had cautioned people to take shelter by noon in homes or in one of 156 government-run facilities. He warned that the authorities would suspend rescues once winds reached 50 m.p.h.

Nearly 30 years ago, Puerto Rico was hit hard by Hurricane Hugo, which left more than 28,000 residents homeless. But Abigail Acevedo, 60, who survived Hugo, said Irma was worse.

“This is phenomenal,” Mr. Acevedo said in a phone interview. “There is nothing like this.”

Officials warned that the island’s fragile electrical grid could be shut down for months in some areas. The Puerto Rico electric company said nearly 300,000 people had lost power by early Wednesday afternoon. More than 4,000 had lost water service, mostly because of power failures. The governor has asked the Defense Department to activate the Army National Guard for recovery efforts once the storm passes.

The hurricane could hardly have come at a worse time for the territory, which is in the throes of an economic crisis and does not have money for rebuilding.--Frances Robles and Luis Ferré-Sadurni

St. Martin’s ‘most durable’ buildings are destroyed. The French interior minister, Gérard Collomb, said the four “most durable” buildings on St. Martin had been destroyed.

President Trump owns a property there, Le Château des Palmiers, a walled waterfront estate that is currently up for sale. It is unclear whether that property was damaged.

Power was out on St. Barthélemy, and many roofs had been blown off, according to a statement from the prefecture on the French island of Guadeloupe.

The situation on St. Martin was similar: There was no power, the fire station was flooded, and the police station no longer had a roof. The island’s administrative offices were also “partially destroyed,” the statement from Guadeloupe said, adding that the staff had taken shelter in a concrete room.

By midmorning on Wednesday, the hurricane was “pounding” the island nation of Anguilla, according to the National Hurricane Center. An officer who answered the phone at the Royal Anguilla Police Force headquarters said that one person had died in the territory.

Alex Woolfall, a British public relations consultant, was staying at The Westin St. Maarten resort in St. Martin when the storm made landfall early Wednesday. Mr. Woolfall tweeted updates during the storm before the power eventually went out.

@woolfallalex: May be my last tweet as power out and noise now apocalyptic. This is like a movie I never want to see. #Irma2017 #StMaarten

Evacuations in the Bahamas. Hundreds of evacuees from the southern Bahamas began arriving in the capital, Nassau, a day after Prime Minister Hubert Minnis urged them “not to be foolish and try to brave out this monster storm.”

Marionette Simmons, 60, who left the Inagua district with three of her grandchildren, said she had stayed put during Hurricane Ike in 2008 and “wasn’t going to take that chance again.”

“My life is more important than anything I might have left behind,” Ms. Simmons said.

Dion Foulkes--the Bahamas’ labor and consumer affairs minister, who is coordinating the evacuations--said that only about 200 people had chosen to stay on the islands, which will most likely start to feel the effects of Irma on Thursday evening. Earnel Brown, who owns a small hotel in Pirates Well on the island of Mayaguana, is one of them.

“I am a person of tremendous faith, and I believe that things don’t just happen, they happen for a reason,” Mr. Brown, 54, said. “I believe everything is meticulously planned by God. I am not worried at all.”--Erica Wells

Florida is taking no chances. In Miami-Dade County, memories of the damage caused in 1992 by Hurricane Andrew, a Category 5 storm, spurred residents to prepare for Hurricane Irma earlier than usual.

Most projections have Irma slamming into the state by Sunday, although it is unclear where it might make landfall.

Gov. Rick Scott activated the state National Guard and declared a state of emergency across Florida. At a news conference, he urged residents to heed evacuation advisories and to act while the storm is still days away. Irma, he said, is more powerful and dangerous than Andrew.

“Know your evacuation zone,” he said. “Listen to your locals. This storm has the potential to devastate the state. Take it seriously.”

The Florida Keys were under a mandatory evacuation order: Wednesday morning for visitors and Wednesday evening for residents. The islands’ three hospitals began evacuating patients on Tuesday.

Hurricane Harvey was weighing heavily on people’s minds. “I think because of Texas, people are freaking out,” said Yoseyn Ramos, 24, a Miami resident who said she was worried because she could not find gas anywhere.--Richard Pérez-Peña and Marc Santora

[thursdayfilebuzz]

Under fire for storm response, Macron heads to hurricane-hit French islands September 12 2017 - http://www.france24.com Photo I: View of the aftermath of Hurricane Irma on Sint Maarten Dutch part of Saint Martin island in the Caribbean September 6, 2017. // Photo II: Embarquement de 12 tonnes de fret humanitaire dans l'A330 présidentiel à destination des populations de Saint-Martin et Saint-Barthélemy (Macron's plane is bringing water, food and tons of medicines and emergency equipment) / Photo III: Emmanuel Macron en route vers les îles dévastées de Saint-Martin et de Saint -Barthélémy (Mr. Macron on plain with others heading to the hurricane-hit French islands) - by Nordine Bensmail/ French President Emmanuel Macron arrives in Guadeloupe on Tuesday before travelling on to Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy to inspect storm damage and relief operations as his government comes under fire for its handling of Hurricane Irma. Irma tore through Saint Barthélemy and Saint Martin last Wednesday, killing at least nine people on the French side of an island France shares with the Netherlands and destroying houses, disrupting electrical power and cutting off the water supply. Additional troops had to be sent in to stop looting in the wake of the storm. The damage from Hurricane Irma to the French island territories has been estimated at more than €1 billion. Macron's plane is bringing water, food and tons of medicines and emergency equipment. The president will be accompanied by doctors and experts who will be in charge of evaluating the damage. About 1,500 troops, police and emergency workers are currently on the ground and 500 others were expected to arrive in the coming days, according to French authorities.. Macron’s government has been defending its handling of hurricane preparations in recent days amid criticism from both political opponents and locals. “We’re as French as anyone. We need help and there is no one here,” one woman told FRANCE 24’s Chris Moore in Saint Martin. French Prime Minister Édouard Philippe tried to assuage the islanders’ concerns over the weekend and said that France vowed to rebuild devastated areas. “I am aware of the fear, the exhaustion and the anguish that the current situation is causing families in the Antilles and on the mainland,” Philippe said. “We are completely mobilised to rescue, to accompany and to rebuild.” The chaotic days in Irma’s aftermath also exposed simmering racial tensions on Saint Martin -- the white minority of which is generally wealthier than its black majority -- as some black and mixed-race residents said that white tourists were given priority during the evacuation effort. “It’s selective. Excuse me, but we saw only mainlanders,” a visibly shaken Johana Soudiagom told Guadeloupe 1ère television after she found herself among a small handful of non-whites evacuated to Guadeloupe on Friday on a boat that carried tourists to safety. “That’s a way of saying, ‘I’m sorry, only whites’. There are only whites on the boat.” It is common practice for tourists to be evacuated first from disaster zones for practical reasons, because they have access to fewer resources at a hotel. Philippe insisted on Monday that the only people being prioritised were the most vulnerable. Government spokesman Christophe Castaner, meanwhile, said he understood the islanders’ frustration but blamed the criticisms in part on the “emotional shock, an impact that’s extremely hard psychologically”. Emergency utilities Philippe on Monday unveiled the government’s reconstruction plan for the islands. Surrounded by eight cabinet ministers, he told reporters that getting potable water networks back online would take three months, leaving residents to rely on cisterns and bottles distributed by aid agencies. Philippe also said that 3,500 of 24,000 homes and businesses had already seen their electrical power restored, but that 50 high-capacity generators were on their way to the affected areas amid lingering uncertainty over the state of the electrical network in the wake of the storm. Schools are made a priority in the French aid plan. Philippe explained that large inflatable and air-conditioned tents will be deployed to get children back to school as quickly as possible with a target of early November. Of Saint Martin’s 21 schools, Philippe said, only three remain “entirely intact”. Philippe also noted that the French Navy vessel Tonnerre, due for deployment to Saint Martin from Toulon on Tuesday, has “hospital capacity superior to what the hospital of Saint Martin had before the hurricane”. On Monday, 278 exhausted Irma survivors from the French Antilles, some of whom lost everything in the storm, arrived at Paris’s Charles de Gaulle Airport on an army aircraft from Guadeloupe. -- Steven H MacDowall www.thursdayfile.com

[marine-wallon]

HAPPY 2018 ! Merci à l'Ambassade de France de New York pour cette belle carte de voeux et contente de souhaiter la bonne année aux côtés de Davide Balula, Marc Desgrandchamps, Sophie Ristelhueber, Barthélemy Toguo, Emmanuel Régent, Valérie Belin, Thomas Fougeirol, Gilles Barbier et Jacques Villeglé ⚡️⚡️⚡️ Merci au @comitegaleries 👋 merci @ucgallery 🙏#happynewyear #withgreatartists #painting #newyork 🎉🎉🤘

[justsomeantifas]

Leftist Zines: The PDF Masterlist

Here’s a list of all the leftist zines I could find online that have free PDFs available. With these you can read them for yourself or you can print and share as many as you want. Hand them out at your school or put them in your local coffee shops. You can even host a table at zine events and give them out (maybe ask for donations for your printing and binding efforts). Maybe these will even give you some ideas on how to start your own political zine. 

As far as the PDFs, there’s going to be a few options for some of them but they’re mostly just different layouts options or one’s in black and white and the other is full color. We also have this listed on our blog. Alright here we go:

To Change Everything: An Anarchist Appeal is one of the most popular free zines that introduces people to anarchism. It's available in dozens of languages and you can get this particular zine in bulk (under 300 copies is free) or print it yourself from a PDF. Click here if you’d like to see the language options available and click here for your PDF/bulk buying options. 

“And What About Tomorrow?” Anarchist Resistance and the “Blockbusterization” of Reality—A Response to the “Battle in Seattle” Movie Adaptation of the 1999 WTO Protests (PDF)

“The Struggle Is Not for Martyrdom, but for Life.”A Critical Discussion about Armed Struggle with Anarchist Guerrillas in Rojava (PDF)

(A)BC’s Mini Guide to Protesting (PDF)

10 Steps for Setting Up A Blockade (PDF1) (PDF2)

12 Things to do Instead of Calling the Cops (PDF1) (PDF2)

20 Theses on the Subversion of the Metropolis (PDF)

3 Positions Against Prison (PDF)

9 Theses on Insurgency (PDF)

A Civilian’s Guide to Direct Action: What It Is, What It’s Good For, How It Works (PDF1) (PDF2) (bulk buying)

A Compilation of Anti-Oppression Resources (PDF1) (PDF2)

A Critique of Ally Politics: Excerpt from: Taking Sides: Revolutionary Solidarity and the Poverty of Liberalism  (PDF1) (PDF2)

A Critique of State Socialism: Why Authoritarian Communism Leaves Us Cold (PDF1) (PDF2)

A Practical Guide to Prisoner Support (PDF)

A World Without Police (PDF1) (PDF2)

Accomplices Not Allies Abolishing the Ally Industrial Complex: An Indigenous Perspective & Provocation (PDF)

Accounting For Ourselves: Breaking the Impasse Around Assault and Abuse in Anarchist Scenes (PDF1) (PDF2)

After the Crest (PDF), After the Crest II (PDF), After the Crest III (PDF), After the Crest IV (PDF)

After We Have Burnt Everything: Correspondences About Revolutionary Strategy and Emotions (PDF1) (PDF2)

Against ‘Social Networks’ & the False Communities of Capital (PDF)

Against Assemblies: Organisation, Democracy & the Left (PDF)

Against the Romance of Community Policing (PDF)

ALF Prisoner Support: The Basics (PDF)

An Activist’s Guide to Basic First Aid (PDF1) (PDF2)

An Activist’s Guide to Information Security (PDF1) (PDF2)

An Herbal Medicine-Making Primer (PDF1) (PDF2)

Anarchism and the English Language//English and the Anarchists’ Language (PDF)

Anarchism: What It Is, What It Ain’t (PDF1) (PDF2)

Anarchists in the Bosnian Uprising (PDF)

Anarchists in the Turkish Uprising: An Interview with Participants in the Gezi Resistance of 2013 (PDF)

Anarchy & Alcohol: Wasted Indeed, How the Fiends Came to be Civilized, et al (PDF1) (PDF2)

Anonymity/Security (PDF1) (PDF2)

Anti-Mass: Methods of Organization for Collectives (PDF)

Art & Science of Billboard Improvement: A Comprehensive Guide to the Alteration of Outdoor Advertising (PDF1) (PDF2)

Ask First!: Resource for Supporters, Survivors, and Perpetrators of Sexual Assault (PDF)

Betrayal: A Critical Analysis of Rape Culture in Anarchist Subcultures (PDF1) (PDF2)

Between Rape and Racism: Deconstructing Rhetoric about the “Migrant Crisis” in Europe (PDF)

Blockade, Occupy, Strike Back (PDF)

Bodyhammer: Tactics and Self-Defense for the Modern Protestor (PDF1) (PDF2)

Bounty Hunters & Child Predators: Inside the FBI Entrapment Strategy (PDF1) (PDF2)

Breaking with Convention: Remembering where our Power Lies (PDF1) (PDF2)

Build those Collectives: A Workshop Pamphlet on How to Build A Collective, and What To Do With It When It’s Built (PDF)

Build Your Own Solidarity Network (PDF)

Building a Revolutionary Movement: Why Anarchist-Communist Organization? (PDF) 

Building: A DIY Guide to Creating Spaces, Hosting Events and Fostering Radical Communities (PD1F) (PDF2)

But What About Beer?: A FAQ on drug consumption at common activist spaces – camps, events, social centers, etc” (PDF1) (PDF2)

Can’t Stop Kaos: A Brief History of the Black Bloc (PDF)

Colonization and Decolonization: A Manual for Indigenous Liberation in the 21st Century (PDF1) (PDF2)

Copwatch 101 (PDF1) (PDF2)

Defend the Territory: Tactics and Techniques for Countering Police Assaults on Indigenous Communities (PDF1) (PDF2)

Deserting the Digital Utopia: Computers against Computing (PDF)

Direct Action Tactics (PDF)

DIY Guide #1 (PDF) DIY Guide #2 (PDF)

Don’t Back Down! (PDF)

Don’t Try to Break Us–We’ll Explode: The 2017 G20 and the Battle of Hamburg: A Full Account and Analysis (PDF1) (PDF2)

Dropping Out: For Students (PDF)

Electoral Politics are not a “Gateway Drug” (PDF1) (PDF2)

Elements of A Barricade (PDF1) (PDF2)

Emmanuel Barthélemy: Proletarian Fighter, Blanquist Conspirator, Survivor of the Galleys, Veteran of the Uprisings of 1848, Fugitive, Duelist, Ruffian, &—Very Nearly—Assassin of Karl Marx (PDF1) (PDF2)

Excited Delirium: A Protestor’s Guide to ‘Less-Lethal’ Police Weaponry (PDF1) (PDF2)

False Hope vs. Real Change: An Anti-Partisan (beyond) Voting Guide to the 2008 Election (PDF)

Fighting For Our Lives: An Anarchist Primer (PDF1) (PDF2)

Fighting in Brazil: Three Years of Revolt, Repression, and Reaction (PDF)

Forget Terrorism : The Hijacking of Reality After the Fall: Analysis of the Events of 9/11 (PDF)

From Democracy to Freedom: The Difference between Government and Self-Determination (PDF)

Grand Juries: Tools of Political Repression (PDF)

HEIST! Journal of Workplace Reappropriation (PDF)

Hidden Histories of Resistance: The Diverse Heritage of Squatting in England (PDF)

How To Form an Affinity Group: Essential Building Blocks of Anarchist Organization (PDF)

How To Put Together Your Own Consent Workshop (PDF)

How to Start a Prison Books Collective (PDF)

Hunter and Gatherer (PDF)

If a Man Commits Rape in Newtown and No One Knows How to Deal with it.. Then Did it Ever Really Happen? (PDF)

In Our Hands: Using a Community Accountability Approach to Address Sexual Violence, Abuse, & Oppression (PDF1) (PDF2)

Know Your Rights! What You Need To Know (PDF)

Land & Liberty: Against The New City (PDF1) (PDF2)

Learning Good Consent (PDF)

Let’s Talk (PDF)

Not Your Grandfather’s Antifascism: Anti-Fascism Has Arrived. Here’s Where It Needs to Go. (PDF)

Prologue: A Brief History of Capitalism (PDF)

Revolutionary Solidarity (PDF)

Revolutionary Solidarity: A Critical Reader for Accomplices (PDF1) (PDF2)

Security Culture: A Handbook for Activists (PDF)

Self as Other: Reflections on Self-Care (PDF1) (PDF2)

Short Circuit (PDF1) (PDF2)

Slave Patrols and Civil Servants: A History of Policing in Two Modes (PDF)

Small Town Organizing for Anarchists (PDF1) (PDF2)

Social Detox (PDF)

Supporting A Survivor Of Sexual Assault (PDF)

Syrian Underground Railroad: Open Border Activism in the Modern Landscape (PDF)

Taking the First Step: Suggestions to People Called Out for Abusive Behavior (PDF)

Tech Tools for Activism (PDF1) (PDF2)

Terror Incognita: Reflections on Consent & Consensus, Queer Sexuality & Subversion, and Breaking Entirely with the Known World (PDF1) (PDF2)

The Art of Politics: A Primer for Community Self-Defense

The Climate is Changing: False Solutions to the Climate Crisis (PDF1) (PDF2)

The Economy is Suffering, Let it Die! (PDF1) (PDF2)

The Illegitimacy of Violence, the Violence of Legitimacy (PDF)

The Illegitimacy of Violence, the Violence of Legitimacy: A Text for Occupiers, Freedom Fighters, and the Discontent (PDF)

The Mythology of Work: Eight Myths that Keep Your Eyes on the Clock and Your Nose to the Grindstone (PDF1) (PDF2)

The Party’s Over: Beyond Politics, Beyond Democracy (PDF1) (PDF2)

The Really, Really Free Market: Instituting the Gift Economy (PDF)

The Secret World of Terijian: A Children’s Story about the Magical World in Your Own Backyard (PDF)

The Storming of the City: June 18, 1999—A Comic History (PDF)

The Walls are Alive: A How-To Graffiti Guide For Those Who Scheme and Those Who Dream (PDF) (bulk buying)

This is Not a Dialogue: Notes on Anti-Fascism and Free Speech (PDF)

Towards A Less Fucked Up World: Sobriety and Anarchist Struggle (PDF1) (PDF2)

Ukraine and the Future of Social Movements: Reflections on the Ukrainian Revolution of 2014 (PDF)

Understanding the Kurdish Resistance: Historical Overview & Eyewitness Report (PDF)

Vortext: An Experimental Journal of Subversion, Witchcraft, Philosophy, and Literature (PDF1) (PDF2)

Voting VS. Direct Action (PDF1) (PDF2)

We Are All Very Anxious: Six Theses on Anxiety and Why It is Effectively Preventing Militancy, and One Possible Strategy for Overcoming It (PDF)

What Anarchists Have been Saying for Years, and What Liberals Need to Start Hearing (PDF)

What Is Prisoner Support? (PDF)

What is Security Culture? A Guide to Staying Safe (PDF1) (PDF2)

What They Mean When They Say Peace & The Making of “Outside Agitators”: Two Essays on the Rebellion in Ferguson (PDF)

Who Is Oakland?: Anti-Oppression Activism, the Politics of Safety, and State Co-optation (PDF)

Whoever They Vote For, We Are Ungovernable: A History of Anarchist Counter-Inaugural Protest (PDF)

Why Misogynists Make Great Informants: How Gender Violence on the Left Enables State Violence in Radical Movements (PDF)

Women, Witchunts, and the Reproduction of the Capitalist World (PDF1) (PDF2)

Writing to Prisoners: Frequently Asked Questions (PDF)

[public-new-yahoopartner-blog]

Magazine Public : Exclu : Nabilla et Thomas : Un anniversaire très sexe en couv !

À LA UNE : NABILLA ET THOMAS PLUS HOT QUE JAMAISPour les 25 ans de sa belle, Thomas a mis le paquet en lui offrant des vacances surprises sur l’île paradisiaque de Saint-Barthélemy. Entre disputes à l’hôtel et séquences torrides sur la plage, découvrez toutes les photos de leur séjour classé X ! Attention c’est chaud ! BEYONCÉ : MAMAN DE JUMEAUX GRÂCE À UNE FIVL’annonce de sa grossesse sur Instagram a été la plus likée de l’histoire du réseau social. Et pour cause : après de nombreuses fausses couches la star de 35 ans attend des jumeaux. Public vous raconte comment la maman de Blue Ivy a réalisé son rêve…IRIS MITTENAERE : EN COUPLE AVEC CAMILLE CERF ?À peine élue Miss Univers 2017, notre Miss France fait déjà les gros titres de la presse aux Etats-Unis, qui lui prête une relation avec sa copine Camille Cerf ! Ils sont fous ces Américains ou pas ?GEORGE CLOONEY : AMAL EST ENCEINTE !C’est à la sortie d’un aéroport que nous avons capté les premières rondeurs de Madame What Else. Une heureuse surprise pour Georges, bientôt papa à 55 ans !EMMANUEL MACRON : IL RÉPOND À LA RUMEURDes semaines que le bruit court dans les rédactions. Le candidat à l’élection présidentielle aurait une double vie avec Mathieu Gallet, le président de Radio France. En plein Pénélope Gate, l’homme politique a décidé de s’exprimer sur l’affaire ! JULIEN CASTALDI : "JE NE SUIS PAS LA POUR ME LA PÉTER"À 20 ans, le fils de Benjamin Castaldi est devenu chroniqueur du Mad Mag sur NRJ 12. Il s’est confié à notre ... Retrouvez cet article sur Public

Fifty Shades Darker : Que font Dakota Johnson et Jamie Dornan avant les scènes de sexe ?

Photos : Dakota Johnson parle de sexe : "Il faut être honnête, les gens sont nus quand ils b*isent"

Exclu Public : "Théo inculquait aux jeunes que la violence ne résout rien"

Exclu Public : The Voice 6 : Une finaliste de Rising Star est parmi les favorites ! (SPOILER)

Exclu Public : The Voice 6 : Découvrez le trio féminin qui va impressionner les coachs ! (SPOILER)

[lily-yvonne]

AGONIE ET CAPTURE DE JÉSUS AU GETHSÉMANI

Plans extérieurs de nuit - le jeudi soir

Enchaînement, d’abord en plan large sur Jésus et les apôtres. Simon et Barthélemy ont chacun une torche allumée à la main, ce qui donne un éclairage jaunâtre orangé sur tous les visages. Ils sont tous au Gethsémani face à Jésus qui leur parle durant un plan rapproché.

Jésus : — Maintenant, séparons-nous. Moi je monte là-haut pour prier. Je veux avec Moi Petros, Iohanân et Ia’acob bèn Zabbi.1 Vous, restez ici. Et si vous êtes accablés, appelez. Et ne craignez pas. On ne touchera pas à un cheveu de votre tête. Priez pour Moi. Déposez la haine et la peur. Ce ne sera qu’un instant… et ensuite la joie sera pleine. Souriez. Que j’ai dans le cœur vos sourires. Et encore, merci de tout, amis. Adieu. Qu’Adonaï ne vous abandonne pas …

Jésus se sépare des apôtres et va en avant pendant que Pierre se fait donner par Simon la torche. Jésus se retourne, fait de la main un geste qui est une bénédiction et un adieu, puis il continue son chemin. La lune maintenant très haute, entoure de sa lumière sa haute figure et paraît la faire plus grande, en rendant plus clair son vêtement rouge, et plus pâle l’or de ses cheveux. Derrière Lui, hâtent le pas Pierre avec la torche et les deux fils de Zébédée. Ils continuent jusqu’à ce qu’ils rejoignent la petite place irrégulière et les différents escarpements qui montent par échelons des oliviers sur le mont.

Arrivée à cet endroit, Jésus leur dit : — Arrêtez-vous, attendez-moi ici pendant que je prie. Mais ne dormez pas. Je pourrais avoir besoin de vous. Et je vous le demande par charité : priez ! Votre Rabbi est très accablé.

Jésus est déjà profondément accablé. Il paraît chargé d’un fardeau et déjà pris par l’angoisse. Il est comme quelqu’un qui a couru ou qui a pleuré. Sa voix est lasse et angoissée.

Pierre répond au nom de tous : — Sois tranquille, Rabbi. Nous veillerons et nous prierons. Tu n’as qu’à nous appeler et nous viendrons.

Jésus les quitte pendant que les trois se penchent pour ramasser des feuilles et des branches pour faire un feu. Il marche en leur tournant le dos, ayant en face la lumière de la lune. Il monte, la tête penchée, seulement de temps en temps il se lève en soupirant comme s’il se fatiguait et haletait. Il fait quelques mètres en montée puis il tourne autour d’un escarpement qui se trouve ainsi entre Lui et les trois qu’il a laissés plus bas. Jésus continue jusqu’à un gros rocher qui barre le petit sentier. Au-dessus du gros rocher se penche un olivier tout noueux et tout tordu. Jésus s’arrête à cet endroit, isolé, à l’abri de tout regard indiscret. (La distance entre les apôtres et le lieu où s’est arrêté Jésus est d’environ 25 mètres.) Il ne regarde pas la ville qui se fait voir tout en bas, toute blanche dans le clair de lune. Au contraire il lui tourne le dos et il prie debout, les bras ouverts en croix, le visage levé vers le ciel. Il pousse un soupir, ferme les yeux et fait entendre des paroles plus nettes, comme un dialogue, car ses phrases sont entrecoupées par les réponses du Père qu’il est seul à entendre :

— Tu le sais… Je suis ton Fils…Tout, mais aide-moi… L’heure est venue… Je ne suis plus de la Terre. Cesse tout besoin d’aide à ton Verbe… Fais que l’Homme te satisfasse comme Rédempteur, comme la Parole t’a été obéissante… Ce que tu veux… C’est pour eux que je te demande pitié… Les sauverai-je ? C’est cela que je te demande. Je les veux ainsi sauvés du monde, de la chair, du démon… Puis-je te demander encore ? C’est une juste demande, mon Père, pas pour Moi. Pour l’homme qui est ta création et qui voulut rendre fange jusqu’à son âme. Je jette dans ma douleur et dans mon Sang cette boue pour qu’elle redevienne l’incorruptible essence de l’esprit qui t’est agréable… Il est partout. C’est lui le roi ce soir : au palais royal et dans les maisons, parmi les troupes et au Temple… La ville en est pleine et demain… demain, se sera un enfer.

Jésus garde un temps de silence, il se tourne, appuie le dos au rocher et croise ses bras. Le visage de Jésus devient de plus en plus triste. Il murmure : — Elle paraît de neige… et elle n’est que péché. Même dans elle, combien j’en ai guéris ! Combien j’ai parlé !... Où sont ceux qui me paraissaient fidèles…

Jésus penche la tête et regarde fixement le terrain couvert d’une herbe courte que la rosée rend brillante. Il pleure et des gouttes brillent en tombant de son visage sur le sol. Puis il lève la tête, desserre les bras, les joint en les tenant au-dessus de sa tête et en les agitant ainsi unis. Il revient vers les trois apôtres assis autour du feu de branchages. Il les trouve à moitié endormis. Pierre appuie ses épaules à un tronc et, les bras croisés sur la poitrine, il balance sa tête, dans le premier brouillard d’un sommeil profond. Jacques est assis avec son frère, sur une grosse racine sur laquelle ils ont mis leurs manteaux pour moins sentir les aspérités, mais malgré cela, bien qu’ils soient moins à l’aise que Pierre, eux aussi somnolent. Jacques a abandonné sa tête sur l’épaule de Jean qui a penché sa tête sur celle de son frère comme si le demi-sommeil les avait immobilisés dans cette pose.

Jésus : — Vous dormez ? Vous n’avez pas su veiller une seule heure ? Et Moi j’ai tant besoin de votre réconfort et de vos prières !

Les trois sursautent confus. Ils se frottent les yeux, ils murmurent une excuse, accusant la digestion pénible d’être la première cause de leur sommeil : 

— C’est le vin… la nourriture… Mais maintenant cela passe. Cela n’a été qu’un moment. Nous ne désirions pas parler et cela nous a endormis. Mais maintenant nous allons prier à haute voix et cela ne nous arrivera plus.

Jésus : — Oui. Priez et veillez. Pour vous aussi, vous en avez besoin.

 Pierre : — Oui, Rabbi, nous allons t’obéir.

Jésus s’en retourne. La lune Lui frappe le visage si fort que sa clarté d’argent fait pâlir de plus en plus son vêtement rouge comme si elle le couvrait d’une poussière blanche et lumineuse. Il revient à son rocher plus lentement et tout penché. Il s’y agenouille en appuyant ses bras au rocher. A mi-hauteur, ce rocher n’est pas lisse et une petite plante, avec des fleurettes au bout d’une longue tige, a poussé sur l’un des endroits proéminents. Il pose sa tête sur ses mains jointes et il prie. Après un moment il sent la fraîcheur des petites corolles, frôlant sa joue, et il lève la tête. Il les regarde, les caresse, leur parle : — Vous êtes pures !... Vous me réconfortez !...

Soudain, il éclate en sanglots. Puis il recommence à prier et à méditer. C’est une prière silencieuse, mais avec des soubresauts nerveux, trahissant une angoisse indescriptible. Son angoisse est si grande, que pour la vaincre il crie : — Petros ! Iohanân ! Petros ! Iohanân !

Il dit à lui-même : — Maintenant ils vont venir. Ils sont bien fidèles, eux !

Mais ils ne viennent pas. Jésus appelle de nouveau : — Petros ! Iohanân !

Il paraît terrorisé comme s’il voyait quelque chose d’indescriptible. Il s’enfuit rapidement vers l’endroit où se trouve Pierre et les deux frères. Et il les trouve plus commodément et plus pesamment endormis autour de quelques braises qui vont mourir et produisent seulement des éclairs rouges dans la cendre grise. Jésus : — Petros ! Je vous ai appelés trois fois ! Mais que faites-vous ? Vous dormez encore ? Vous ne sentez pas à quel point je souffre ? Priez. Que la chair n’ait pas le dessus, qu’elle ne vous vainque pas. En aucun de vous. Si le souffle est prompt, la chair est faible. Aidez-moi…

Les trois s’éveillent plus lentement, mais finalement ils y arrivent et s’excusent, les yeux ébahis. Ils se lèvent en commençant par s’asseoir, puis ils se mettent vraiment debout.

Pierre murmure : — Ceci ne nous est jamais arrivé ! Ce doit être vraiment le vin. Il était fort. Et aussi ce froid. On s’est couvert pour ne pas le sentir et on a plus vu le feu, on a plus eu froid et voilà que le sommeil est venu. Tu dis que tu nous as appelés ? Et pourtant il ne me semblait pas que je dormais si profondément… Allons, Iohanân, cherchons des branches, remuons nous. Cela va passer. Sois tranquille, Rabbi, que dorénavant !... Nous resterons debout…

Pierre jette une poignée de feuilles sèches sur la braise et souffle pour faire reprendre la flamme. Il l’alimente avec des branches apportées par Jean. Pendant ce temps, Jacques apporte un quartier de genièvre qu’il a coupé dans un buisson peu éloigné et le met par-dessus les branches. La flamme monte éclairant le pauvre visage triste de Jésus. Toute clarté de ce visage a disparu dans une lassitude mortelle.

Jésus les regarde d’un air abattu : — J’éprouve une angoisse qui me tue ! Oh ! Oui ! Mon âme est triste à en mourir. Amis ! Amis ! Amis !

EXTRAIT DE L’OUVRAGE  “SCÉNARIO - L’ULTIME ALLIANCE” : http://www.prophete-du-sacre-coeur.com/scenario-l_ultime-alliance.pdf

http://www.prophete-du-sacre-coeur.com/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1qI8FeNbFsM&t=621s https://www.change.org/p/emmanuel-macron-dieu-ne-veut-pas-de-fl%C3%A8che-sur-notre-dame-098097a0-f72c-4021-9b66-cc9c78ecb8a8?lang=fr-FR

[historicalfightingguide]

Karl Marx was a fencer.

There’s not a lack of mentions of this online however they seem to point to three major sources:

“Karl Marx and the Birth of Modern Society: The Life of Marx and the Development of His Work” by Michael Heinrich with an excerpt here

“By the Sword: Gladiators, musketeers, samurai warriors, swashbucklers and Olympians” by Richard Cohen.T with an excerpt here.

There’s more detail within those links and the following however the main bit noted in the  memoirs of Wilhelm Liebknecht 1896 (a friend of Karl Marx) which seems to be the original source goes as follows:

“ A short while after my arrival, a Parisian labourer came to London, in whom not only the French colony was deeply interested, but all of us fugitives as well, and most likely also our “shadow”: the international police. It was Barthelemy, about whose escape from the Conciergerie, accomplished by him with admirable adroitness and daring, we had heard already through the papers.

...

I fenced frequently with him, I mean in reality. The Frenchmen had opened a “fencing salon” in Rathbone Place, on Oxford street, where fencing with sabres, swords and foils and pistol shooting could be practiced. Marx also came now and then and lustily gave battle to the Frenchmen. What he lacked in science, he tried to make up in aggressiveness. And unless you were cool, he could really startle you. The sabre is used by the Frenchmen not alone for cutting, but also for thrusting, and that inconveniences a German a little at first. But one soon becomes accustomed to it. “

The first source also goes into a bit of detail about the possibility of Marx participating in a duel, and while it’s not impossible there doesn’t seem to be much proof of him fighting in one, but if he did he seems to have come out ininjured.

So seems in line with Meyer’s notes on Germans avoiding thrusting.

Also the above would definitely fit Marx into the first type of fencers as according to Meyer.

Secondly it seems the french fencer and revolutionary who taught Marx fencing found Karl to be too conservative. Folks sometimes claim that if you’re not left of Karl Marx it’s not enough nowadays but if anything it seems historically being Karl Marx was not left enough.

Also if you want to learn more about using sabers as Karl Marx did you may want to check out the various saber manuals noted in the treatise database here under the 19th century french ones. But do keep in mind that these are not necessarily the exact same system that he studied,merely that those before the 1850′s have a solid chance of being quite similar in many aspects.

It’s pure conjecture but Emmanuel Barthélemy may even have used a system similar to that of  Jean-Louis Michel, claimed to be  The Best Swordsman in Napoleons Army of which you can read a translation  by  P.T.Crawley here since the timelines are roughly similar and that Jean Louis was quite influential towards the french school of fencing(albeit it’s a question of when and where Barthélemy learned fencing himself).

And to learn more about using such a weapon generally check out  Military and Classical Sabre

P.S. Happy birthday commie grandpa, fencers of the world unite.

[wikitopx]

Aubagne is a new tourist-free town a few kilometers from Marseille.

But even if it doesn't appear in many guides, there's a lot of little things to love about this place. The first is author and filmmaker Marcel Pagnol, who was born in Aubagne. The town and rudimentary landscapes of the Massif du Garlaban behind echoes with scenes from Pagnol books and movies. Later, there was an Aub Aubagne pottery tradition and highly acclaimed "mantras" in the town since the Revolution. Aubagne is a place to slow down and walk alongside olive groves, vineyards and garrigue bushes. But all the time, Marseille and the stupendous Calanques National Park will be at your doorstep.

[toc]

1. Maison Natale de Marcel Pagnol

20th-century author, playwright and filmmaker Marcel Pagnol was born in this 19th-century bourgeois house on Cours Barthélemy. Pagnol’s novels and plays are still on the curriculum at French schools and he remains part of the national consciousness.

In 2003, his parents' apartment was restored in the late 19th century, with period furniture and decorations belonging to the family. There's a screening room showing videos from his movies, and a collection of portraits, photos, and letters to get a glimpse of Pagnol like those early years.

2. Musée de la Légion Etrangère

Aubagne has had a garrison for the First Foreign Regiment of the French Foreign Legion since 1962. And you can visit the Viénot Barracks to visit the museum about this legendary branch of the French Army.

You’ll inspect weapons, uniforms, and medals going back to the foundation of the legion in 1831. In Salle des Campagnes, there are 30 performances that depict the various operations the legion fought, from Mexico to Crimea.

Meanwhile, the Salle d’Honneur has exhibits about King Louis Philippe, who founded the legion, and Général Rollet, who shaped it into the force we know today.

3. Ceramics

The spells are terracotta figurines sculpted for Christmas scenes after the Revolution and poking fun at the priest. The cast of characters in these Christmas scenes is very large, number 55 in an authentic Provençal arrangement.

And then there is the iconic ceramic cicada, which you have won for the help of Antlers but noticed around Aubagne. This was designed by ceramic artist Louis Sicard in 1895 when he was assigned to design a typical Provençal gift for a brick manufacturer to give to his customers.

It started out as a paperweight for desks, but now adorns colorful kitchenware, broaches and much more. These are great souvenirs and there is no shortage of shops in Aubagne where you buy them.

4. Ateliers Thérèse Neveu

If reading about Aubagne’s pottery tradition has piqued your interest you can come to these studios and exhibition centers to find out more. The appeal is named after Thérèse Neveu, a santon producer of the early 20th century, whose work was praised by contemporary celebrities such as Frédéric Mistral.

The galleries showcasing their favorite temporary exhibits showcasing the know-how of Aubagne potters.

Up to March 2017, there was a show dedicated to musician santons, that is nativity characters depicted playing musical instruments, with pieces dating as far back as the 1700s.

5. Petit Monde de Marcel Pagnol

Marcel Pagnol and Aubagne Ceramics Industry join forces at this museum. It will put a smile on the face of anyone who knows Pagnol’s works, rendering characters from his books, plays, and movies into figurines.

There are more than 200 pieces and the various scenes recreated are accompanied by audio snippets from films like La Gloire de mon Père, La Fille de Puisatier, Marius and Fanny.

Even if you’re new to Marcel Pagnol you may recognize the actors who played these characters, like Emmanuelle Béart and Gérard Depardieu.

6. Santons Maryse di Landro

By now you may have caught the santons bug. So if you're excited to see more, you can stop by this church and museum. The workshop is on the first floor, and you can tour to see this 200-year-old craftsmanship passed from parent to child.

Upstairs is a museum, with 400 spells arranged in many different patterns: There is a scene of Christmas, an image from the life of Jesus, a romantic pastime of Aubagne as before, a game of pétanque, Imperial Prison prison ship and a proven Wedding classic.

7. Massif du Garlaban

Pagnol is inspired by the dusty hills outside Aubagne, set with fragrant dates. If you know La Gloire de Mon Père and Le Château de ma Mère, you can be motivated to visit Grotte de Grosibou and Grotte des Romans, at Pic du Taoumé.

There’s also the enormous bulk of the Rocher du Garlaban, which rises to 714 meters over both the town and the Huveaune Valley. The Phocaeans used this rock as a seam on their way to Marseille 2,600 years ago.

8. Domaine de la Font de Mai

Also on the Pagnol journey in Garlaban is this lovely old land. It’s the trailhead for most of the local walks, with 100 hectares sprawling with gardens, woodland, and rugged garrigue countryside.

Farms and outbuildings are a great picture of traditional agriculture in Provence, and the modest rural life in the area in the early 20th century. There’s an interpretation trail running through the estate with boards teaching kids and adults about the apiary, vineyards, irrigation, olives, and vines.

Between April and December, there are also special activities like nature walks and stargazing in the evenings.

9. Distillerie Janot

The anise-flavored liqueur, pastis is still a pillar of Provençal identity. And in Aubagne, you can get a perspective on how it created at Distillerie Janot. You might be surprised to learn that most pastis isn’t distilled, but is instead made with base alcohol infused with star anise essence.

You’ll also find out how pastis differs from that other mythic French drink, absinthe. The tour is short, lasting 30 minutes and you will need to consult Janot first. But you can visit the factory store anytime to get a bottle or two.

10. Other Outdoor Activities

The romantic countryside of Provence surrounding Aubagne is also filled with bridges and a bicycle racing track. The local tourism council devised a 28.5 km loop in the sleepy towns and villages of Auriol, La Bouilladisse, Belcodène, Peypin, and La Destrousse.

So you can go to the beach through vineyards and olive groves and can stop for coffee or lunch at the restaurant's terrace.

You can also see Pays dubAubagne on all fours, and there are eight stables and a horse riding center in the neighborhood that offers guided rides, horse-drawn rides, and even hourly horse hire or donkeys.

More ideals for you: Top 10 things to do in Fort De France

From : https://wikitopx.com/travel/top-10-things-to-do-in-aubagne-707445.html