#Don Pendleton
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A book you very likely donât have on your shelf #552
1975
#1975#1970s#1970's#don pendleton#cover art#book cover#paperback#vintage paperback#science fiction#scifi#sci fi#sci-fi#ephemera
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John Macklin - Journey Beyond the Grave - Ace - 1970
#witches#journeyers#occult#vintage#ace books#john macklin#journey beyond the grave#author of#the old ones#foxes#child witch#skibbereen#the baldheaded girl#1970#don pendleton
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âThe Executioner: War Against the Mafiaâ by Don Pendleton
âïž âïžÂ
The whole experience of this book is wild.The book was originally published in 1969, but my used copy was published in 1972. Itâs the first in a 642 book series.
There is a literal cigarette ad in the middle of this book! Flip through the photos on my post if you want to see it! It wasnât even the brand of cigarettes that our main character smoked!
Mack Bolan is the Executioner. Bolan is an expert marksman during the Vietnam War to the point that his nickname becomes The Executioner. The first chapter, which honestly was the best part of the book, tells the story of how Mackâs father got behind in loan payments to the mafia who then proceeded to shake him down. A lot of very bad things happen that I donât want to spoil because as I said its the best chapter in the whole darn thing, but its bad, and Mack is granted leave to come home and deal with the fallout. Then he seeks revenge on members of the Mafia - execution-style. Â
Iâve never read something that was so obviously written for a male audience. Â This is absolutely written for the male gaze. If you canât tell by the title and the dime novel nature of this cover, this is not high class literature. And thatâs fine. Â Most of what I read is not high class literature. But this was just violence and sex. Â
And the women in this book were only viewed as virgins or whores. There is no in between. And there is a lot of hypocrisy in the way he treats sex workers. And if have to read one more time about womenâs âglobularâ breasts, I swearâŠ
So much of this book is very surface level. You donât get a lot of what Mackâs thinking, just a lot of him doing. Most of his internal dialogue is him debating the morality of what he is doing.
Sometimes itâs funny reading a book written in the 60s, because the author is trying to show off technology that was new for the time, but was NEVER pertinent to the plot. We are given a description over the span of a couple of pages about how the mafia has computerized their prostitution business and in detail, how it works. Does it come back later for this to be important? No, it doesnât.
Not the worst book, but wild.Â
#book blog#bookaholic#booknerd#books#books and reading#booksbooksbooks#booksofinstagram#bookstagram#booktok#bookworm#fiction#Don Pendleton#The Executioner#The Executioner: War Against the Mafia#action adventure#thriller#action books
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Cult Faction Podcast Ep. 112: Dark Night of Scarecrow (1981)
In this weeks episode Frank De Felittaâs 1981 made-for-television horror film Dark Night of the Scarecrow goes under the spotlight. It stars Larry Drake, Charles Durning, Robert F. Lyons, Claude Earl Jones, Lane Smith, Tonya Crowe, and Jocelyn Brando. It takes place in a small Southern town where four vigilantes wrongfully execute a man with Special Educational Needs â after the court sets themâŠ
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#Ahsoka#Babylon 5#Babylon 5: The Road Home#Charles Durning#Claude Earl Jones#Cult Films#Cult Movies#Cult TV#Dark Night of Scarecrow#Discussion#Disney#Don Pendleton#Frank De Felitta#Harlan Coben#Harlan Coben&039;s Shelter#J.D. Feigelson#Jocelyn Brando#Keith A Pearson#Lane Smith#Larry Drake#One Piece#Paramount#Podcast#Robert F. Lyons#Shelter#Star Wars#The Executioner#The Road Home#The X-Files#Tonya Crowe
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Even the "NCIS" origin story for Austin Stowell has a Cracker Jack opening.
The impossibly rugged actor, 39, had tried to clear his mind after his February audition for "NCIS: Origins," the prequel series to the CBS police procedural (premiering Monday, 9 EDT/PDT, after the 22nd season opener of the OG series). After all, these were high stakes seeking the coveted role of young Leroy Jethro Gibbs, famously embodied by Mark Harmon for 19 TV glory-filled seasons. Gibbs is the guy in the "NCIS" universe, even after the iconic character retired to fly-fishing in Alaska when Harmon stepped aside in 2021.
So Stowell went off the grid, skiing with Charlie Jennings, his best friend and agent. It was robust bliss, until Stowell received a miracle message on the reception-patchy mountaintop saying Harmon, an "Origins" executive producer and narrator, wanted to talk.
"Mark wanted to speak to me, and you can guess what about," says Stowell, who went ski-hill rogue. "We had to get down the mountain and get reliable service ASAP. We race down that hill, take off our gear, jump into the Jeep, and fly down the highway to get reliable service. And we do. Mark calls. We literally pull off the highway."
Harmon signaled that Stowell would very likely get the role of his younger "NCIS" self in CBS' "Origins."
"Mark was very complimentary. He said, 'It's been you from the second you walked in the room," Stowell says. "And he asked me, 'Are you ready for this?'"
Austin Stowell said after 'Star Wars' casting disappointment: 'Onward!'
Oh, he's ready. Stowell has been prepping for takeoff since earning a guest role in 2010 on "NCIS: Los Angeles" and playing a big-hearted swim champion in two "A Dolphin Tale" movies alongside KrisKristofferson. ("He was an amazing man, talk about a real-life superhero," Stowell says. The music legend died lastmonth at age 88).
Stowell even had a serious run at a major "Star Wars" movie role with J.J. Abrams. He was flown to London's Pinewood Studios and donned the "Star Wars" costume and makeup for a day. But the role went to another actor. "Of course. it's devastating," Stowell says. "This is a wonderful job, but the process is tough. But I always have said the same thing when I don't get a job: 'Onward.'"
Austin Stowell was hard to reach after 'NCIS: Origins' audition: 'So Gibbs'
After his memorable audition, "Origins" executive producers Gina Lucita Monreal and David J. North faced familiar reception issues when they called to officially offer Stowell the role. "He was out in a cabin in the middle of the woods with no internet and almost missed our call," North says. "I got off the phone and said, 'That's so Gibbs.'"
Says Stowell: "One phone call that changes your life. And two phone calls that I nearly missed. But the Hollywood gods were looking out for me."
Monreal says his physical likeness to Harmon was important. But "Origins" places Gibbs in 1991 as a green Naval Investigative Service officer at California's Camp Pendleton, where the former Marine sniper deals with the murder of his wife and daughter. That required a presence that Stowell, who can turn on full Gibbs with one soulful-eyed look, inhabited.
In "Origins," Gibbs is far from the ultra-competent special agent in command. He's an unsteady newbie dealing with his trauma after failing his psychological evaluations. It was this raw premise, based on "NCIS" lore, that made Harmon's son Sean, who had played the young Gibbs in "NCIS" flashbacks, pitch "Origins." (He's now an executive producer.)
Young Gibbs has immediate "Origins" supporters, including Special Agent Lala Dominguez (Mariel Molino) and his eventual mentor Mike Franks (Kyle Schmid), whose power mustache is a scene stealer. "He's electric," Stowell says. "I already joke with him that we are going to see Franks' mustaches at Halloween parties."
Stowell dived into research, reading 1980 U.S. Marine manuals to understand the life and taking long runs with a weighted-down backpack. He stepped up the rifle training he learned in 2018's Chris Hemsworth-led Afghanistan war film "12 Strong" to look silently confident with Gibbs' rifle. Stowell still binge-watches "NCIS" episodes to pick up small mannerisms.
"I want to embody his essence. There are Gibbs-isms," Stowell says. "There is a head nod and he has this stare."
That stare, and Harmon's intense blue eyes, are so pivotal that Stowell wears blue contact lenses over his naturally green eyes. Seeing the world that way changes his perspective: "They make me feel different," he says. "They're such a powerful tool."
Harmon appears near a campfire in the "Origins" opening. The camera zooms up close on his stare, which morphs into Stowell's haunted look.
"It's not the passing of the throne; Mark Harmon has the throne," Stowell says. "If it's the passing of the torch, he lit the torch. It's my job to show how this kid becomes that guy that people admire so much. But I get to play one of the world's greatest heroes. And that's pretty rock and roll."
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The Executioner 10: Caribbean Kill by Don Pendleton
The Executioner 10 Caribbean Kill by Don Pendleton
Mack Bolan flies straight from Las Vegas to Puerto Rico, smashes his plane into a mafia compound and hits the ground running. After some jungle combat he rescues a sex worker who ends up being a federal agent, rescues a hostage, and raids a mansion to take out the local head. Along the way he recruits a mafia pilot 'Nam veteran.
Bolan learns of a Federal Government effort to have him snuffed out. The perceived enemy also expands, to include governments and corporation who profit from organized crime.
Available at Amazon
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From "The Icy Fingers of Jack Frost" in Tales of Suspense #45, September 1963. Stan Lee script, Jack Kirby (Iron Man), Steve Ditko (?), Don Heck (?) pencils, Don Heck inks, Stan Goldberg colors, Artie Simek letters. The linked GCD page notes "Happy Hogan is based on pro wrestler-turned-actor Nat Pendleton; Pepper Potts is based on actress Ann B. Davis." Ann B. Davis played housekeeper Alice in The Brady Bunch TV show (1969).
#the icy fingers of jack frost#jack frost#tales of suspense#1960s#iron man#pepper potts#happy hogan#superhero#supervillain#ice#freeze#comic#comics#comic book#comic books#marvel#marvel comics#nat pendleton#ann b davis#brady bunch#stan lee#robert bernstein#don heck#sam rosen#super epic#comic cover#comic covers#frozen
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Jonathan Joestar x Reader
Jonathan Joestar
You get mad when people complain that part 1 is boring, you despise Dio and you love your men built like brick houses with the personality of a cinnamon roll. You also love dogs.
First Date
Jonathan chooses Erina and you die of a broken heart.
Take two
You manage to get the help of some street thugs and they shank Erina Pendleton. You throw her corpse into the river, desperately hoping that her death will be blamed on Jack the ripper. You don a blonde wig that you bought off some strange Chinese man and you then disguise yourself as Erina hitman style. Everyone buys it.
You then make your way to the Joestar mansion and find Jonathan, claiming to be his long lost friend. This enrages Dio who now is kicking all the local dogs in a fit of rage. He now changes his plans and decides to poison Jonathan instead, leaving him a fragile husk. You tell jojo that things aren't working out and that you're leaving him for Dio. The shock sends him into cardiac arrest and he soon floats away to heaven to be with Danny.
Unfortunately Jonathan was never told that feeding dogs grapes is a bad idea and he fed some to his beloved dog while in heaven, causing the poor creature to die a second time. Suddenly he sees a black man flying on a magical horse. "I'm sure glad that even the almighty Lord can let the slaves into heaven." Suddenly time goes backwards and Jonathan finds himself back in the past.
He's returned to your wedding day and the groom is none other than Dio. Jojo is about to protest before you annul the marriage. It turns out that your fiancee had a strange habit of creating chimera abominations and the talking cat man was the last straw. You grab Jonathan by the hand and drag him with you outside of the chapel. You profess your eternal love for him but he rejects you, for he has already found another blonde.
Out comes a man who dubs himself "Speedwagon" and he tilts his hat to you. "Good evening love. Have you seen my me wallet? I have a mighty fine case of the rickets and-" Jonathan arrives and cuts the man off. "Darling, what did I say about speaking in a cockney accent?" The blond man gave a huff and gazed down towards the ground. "No more talking like a petty street thug..."
Jojo then kissed him on the cheek. "Good. Now let's hurry, we must fit you for my mother's wedding dress."Â
#shitpost#jonathan joestar#jjba#jjba x reader#jojo bizarre adventure#jojo no kimyou na bouken#Phantom blood#jojo part 1#dio brando#speedwagon#Jonathan joestar x speedwagon#Danny jojo#Rip danny#enrico pucci#made in heaven#It's Jojo so expect dead dogs#It's the 1800's and Jonathan is rich#he probably had slaves for servants#also he fed Danny grapes that one time#Rip erina#jojo x reader
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Warrior - Mai Ling x Eliza Pendleton | Sweeter Than Tea And Cookies
Rating: M (making out)
Word count: 1,038
Summary: âWhy donât we kiss, heâs still in the other room anyway.â A mischievous smile creeps up Elizaâs mouth.
âAre we really about to do this?â
Eliza nods. âBut weâll take this slow. It is the first time for both of us, after all.â
ââââ
After weeks of longing, Eliza and Mai Ling finally get to feel what it's like to have their bodies pressed against each other. Slight spoilers for S3 (if you don't know who Eliza Pendleton is yet)
Cross posted from AO3
âAh! Mai Ling, itâs so good to see you again,â Eliza greets, opening her homeâs door. Mai Ling gives her a couple of air kisses as she enters her home.
âItâs nice to see you too.â The Chinese woman smiles, as Bernard approaches the two women.
âOh, Mai Ling! Lovely seeing you again.â
âLikewise.â She smiles at him.
âWould you ladies like to join us? Weâre playing pool with a few friends.â
Mai Ling shakes her head. âWeâre good.â
âAlright. Just tell the maids if you need anything, alright?â
Both women nod their heads, as Eliza takes the other womanâs arm and guides both of them to another room.
***Â
Mai Ling and Eliza enjoy a delightful tea together, engaging in a light conversation. However, throughout their encounter, Eliza finds herself captivated by Mai Lingâs extraordinary beauty on this particular day.
âGod, how can a woman be this beautiful? Oh my gosh, where do I even start? Her smile, oh my goodness, that smile! I would literally do anything for this woman. Itâs impossible not to admire her; not only is she intelligent and accomplished in business, but also unbelievably kind. And her faceânot to mention the way her makeup emphasizes her absolutely beautiful features? Gosh. Everything about this woman is absolute perfection, from her eyes to her-â
âAre you alright? Youâve been staring at me for a minute,â Mai Ling asks, noticing how Elizaâs eyes were glued to her.
âHuh?ââEliza gets ripped out of her thoughtsââOh, yes- yes, I am.â She smiles.
The Chinese woman hums in response, as she reaches for another cookie and takes a bite out of it. Elizaâs eyes donât leave her, causing her to lapse in focus and end up pouring the tea on the center table instead of her teacup. She hastily apologizes while Mai Ling stares at her, head tilted quizzically.
A maid then approaches both of them and begins to clean up the mess Eliza made. She then asks if they need anything, to which both women shake their heads before the maid leaves, leaving Mai Ling and Eliza alone again. Awkward silence loomed between the two, before the American woman began to speak.
âI have something to tell you,â she says.
âWhat is it?â
Eliza sighs. âIâm not sure how to say this butâI like you.â
Blood rushed to Mai Lingâs cheeks when she said that. âW-what?â she asks incredulously.
âLook, I know it sounds stupid, but Iâve liked you for quite a while now. Ever since we first met, there was something in me that ignited and just- I donât know how to explain this but, after we left your home, I wasnât able to stop thinking about you.â The American woman stops talking, as she caught sight of someone passing by the living room.
âMai Ling, I like you. I really do. But,â
âBut what?â The Chinese woman asks.
âIâm afraid you donât feel the same way.â
Words lingered in Mai Lingâs throat when Eliza said that. Like her, she had also liked her for the same period of time. But it took her a bit to come to terms with her feelings, since it felt new to her.
And then, she finally spoke. âActually, I do.â
âWhat?â
âI do have the same feelings, Eliza. Iâve been thinking about this feeling a lot, and I even tried to deny it- but I couldnât. I just couldnât. Eliza, I never knew I would fall for you from the moment we first met.â Mai Ling smiles, as she takes the American womanâs hands in hers. She then brushes her index finger over the curve of Mai Lingâs cheek, before cupping it and placing a thumb on the other womanâs lips.
âWhy donât we kiss, heâs still in the other room anyway.â A mischievous smile creeps up Elizaâs mouth.
âAre we really about to do this?â
Eliza nods. âBut weâll take this slow. It is the first time for both of us, after all.â And then slowly, she leaned over to Mai Ling and captured her lips with her own. The Chinese woman reciprocates the kiss, closing her eyes and molding her hands on Elizaâs waist.
Their kiss deepens, as Elizaâs hands find Mai Lingâs body. As they tenderly touch each other, a growing desire emerges. Kissing each other felt like a beautiful dream, sending delightful shivers down their spines. Mai Lingâs hands then dance around Elizaâs stomach area, before she abruptly breaks the kiss.
âIs this alright?â She asks, not wanting to make the American woman feel uncomfortable. Eliza nods in response, as both women lean back for another kiss. They embraced passionately, hands exploring each otherâs bodies once more. Their fingers moved eagerly over each otherâs form, as if in search of something.
A need for more slowly begins to ignite, but both women hold themselves back. Theyâve only known each other a few weeks ago, but only got to know more about each other during their conversation over tea and cookies. Although they found it strange and unfamiliar to be so close to one another, they still believe in the mutual trust they share.
Both women then break the kiss, catching their breaths. They lock eyes, as Mai Ling gives Eliza a satisfied smile.
âYou seemed to have enjoyed that,â Eliza starts.
âCan you blame me though?â
The American woman shakes her head. âYou didnât taste anything like what I had imagined.â
âWas it worse?â
âNo!â She laughs. âSo, so much better.â
Mai Ling giggles at this, as her eyes dart to the grandfather clock. She froze in her place when she saw the time, before she quickly grabbed her purse.
âI had a lovely time with you today, Eliza. But I have to get going now, so until next time,â The Chinese woman says, as she got up from the couch.
âHey, take it easy.â Eliza grins. âTake care.â
Mai Ling gives the American woman another smile, before both of them head to the front door. A carriage was already waiting for Mai Ling there, and so she says another goodbye to Eliza, before entering the carriage.
Bittersweet emotions wash over Eliza, as she watches the carriage grow smaller.Â
âUntil next time.â
Tags (for reach): @bleep-blop-lizard-hop @cleverqueencommander (lmk via dms if you wanna be untagged!)
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Who are your writing inspirations?
In no specific order Kunihiko Ikuhara, Tatsuki Fujimoto, Toby Fox, Alex Ahad, Pendleton Ward, Ryukishi07, Don Hertzfeldt, Hatomoa, Satoshi Kon, and Jordan Peele! ( ^ v ^ )/
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DICK STIVERS Tech War ABLE TEAM Ron Renauld Don Pendleton
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BLATANT LOCALISM IS OUT -- BLATANT UNDERAGE DRINKING IS IN.
PIC(S) INFO: Spotlight on Phoenix, Arizona hardcore punk/skate rock band, JODIE FOSTER'S ARMY, a.k.a., J.F.A., photographed at the Whisky a Go Go, Sunset Strip, Los Angeles, CA, c. 1982. đž: Alison Braun.
The original J.F.A. line-up was:
Brian Brannon (vocals)
Don "Redondo" Pendleton (guitar)
Michael Cornelius (bass)
Mike "Bam-Bam" Sversvold (drums)
Source: www.poshboy.com/jfa2.htm & Picuki.
#J.F.A.#JFA#J.F.A. band#80s punk#80s hardcore#Skate punk#Skate rock#Band Tee#THE VANDALS#Punk rock#Orange County punk#Punk Style#80s#Punk photography#The Whisky#1982#Punk gigs#American hardcore punk#American hardcore#Hardcore punk#American Style#The Whisky a Go Go#Alison Braun photography#Alison Braun#AZ punk#L.A.#JODIE FOSTER'S ARMY#Phoenix hardcore#Arizona punk#Los Angeles
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Check out this listing I just added to my Poshmark closet: Pendleton Heritage Chelsea Off White Rain Boots NWT Size 7.
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Alright - Sam Hankins
Sam Hankins es un conocido trompetista estadounidense que se criĂł en un hogar musical en Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. DesarrollĂł su talento y aspiraciones con el apoyo de su padre Sam Hankins, Sr., quien era el cantante principal de un grupo musical, Sam Hankins & The Ho-Dads. Sam Hankins, Jr., ha compartido el escenario con muchos artistas de renombre, como Aretha Franklin, Al Jarreau, Clark Terry, The O'Jays, The Temptations, The Dells y Glenn Miller Big Band. Cuando era adolescente, Sam luchĂł en la escuela para concentrarse y retener informaciĂłn y encontrĂł consuelo en la mĂșsica. Decidido a superar una discapacidad de aprendizaje que mĂĄs tarde se identificĂł como dislexia, Sam obtuvo una licenciatura en interpretaciĂłn musical de la Universidad Estatal del Noreste en Tahlequah, Oklahoma. Sam luego se alistĂł en el ejĂ©rcito y mientras estaba estacionado en la Base de la Fuerza AĂ©rea Chanute en Rantoul, Illinois, se uniĂł a la banda de jazz de la Fuerza AĂ©rea como trompetista, hasta el cierre de la base de la Fuerza AĂ©rea en 1991. MĂĄs tarde, se graduĂł de la Universidad de Illinois en Urbana-Champaign con una segunda licenciatura y una maestrĂa en educaciĂłn musical. Al usar su formaciĂłn musical como base, Sam pasĂł a liderar un programa de banda escolar que fracasaba a las calificaciones de la DivisiĂłn I con reconocimientos de premios estatales y nacionales. Sam Hankins ha ganado una gran cantidad de reconocimientos y elogios por su trabajo como director de banda. Su logro mĂĄs notable fue ganar el Premio Golden Apple, reconociendo el compromiso con la excelencia en la educaciĂłn y recibir una carta de la Casa Blanca en honor al Programa de Bandas de la Escuela Secundaria Edison, que fue firmada por Hillary Rodham Clinton. Sam es un compositor prolĂfico que ha producido una obra que incluye mĂĄs de 150 piezas. Este trabajo sirviĂł como base para su carrera discogrĂĄfica en solitario, que comenzĂł con el lanzamiento de su ĂĄlbum debut de larga duraciĂłn Dream Catcher en julio de 2011 y fue seguido por el lanzamiento de Nothing Between Us en mayo de 2012. Estos ĂĄlbumes son recopilaciones de su obra que abarcan todos los gĂ©neros musicales, desde el smooth jazz y el dance hasta el techno. En noviembre de 2015, Hankins lanzĂł su tercer ĂĄlbum de estudio a Joyous Celebration, un ĂĄlbum navideño coproducido con David McLorren. Hankins mantuvo el impulso y ampliĂł su base de fans, en marzo de 2016, cuando lanzĂł Do That Thang, su cuarto ĂĄlbum de estudio de larga duraciĂłn. Los cuatro ĂĄlbumes de estudio han recibido extensas reproducciones en la radio en los Estados Unidos y en el extranjero y han ganado mĂĄs de 25 premios de mĂșsica independiente. Sam Hankins, J.r tambiĂ©n tuvo el privilegio de haber trabajado y actuado con Barbara Morrison, una legendaria vocalista de jazz de renombre mundial, y su conjunto, antes de su transiciĂłn en 2022. Sam ha establecido su propia banda, el "Proyecto SAM HANKINS", y continĂșa perfeccionando sus habilidades como trompetista. Sam Hankins Jr. ha logrado mucho como mĂșsico y estĂĄ dedicado y entusiasmado con el lanzamiento de su quinto ĂĄlbum de estudio, titulado "Alright", que estĂĄ programado para lanzarse en el verano de 2023. Trabajando con el vocalista de R&B Jackie Michaels y el poeta y actor Cedric Pendleton, Hankins creĂł la colecciĂłn de mĂșsica mĂĄs diversa que jamĂĄs haya producido. Sam continĂșa trabajando con mĂșsicos y artistas increĂbles en Los Ăngeles. Angeles, California, mientras trabajaba como director de banda en Don Bosco Tech High School en Rosemead, California. Read the full article
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Wayne County Sports Report (2-2-24)
Northeastern girls basketball coach Cody Dudley talks to his team during the Knights 51-21 Class 2A sectional victory over Union County in Fountain City on Friday, Feb. 2 â photo by Don Tincher. IHSAA Girls Basketball Sectional Results *** FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 2 ***High SchoolGirls BasketballClass 4A 9 at Pendleton HeightsMt. Vernon 44, Richmond 21Class 2A 41 at NortheasternNortheastern 51, UnionâŠ
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Events 1.16 (before 1930)
1458 BC â Hatshepsut dies at the age of 50 and is buried in the Valley of the Kings. 27 BC â Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus is granted the title Augustus by the Roman Senate, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire. 378 â General Siyaj K'ak' conquers Tikal, enlarging the domain of King Spearthrower Owl of TeotihuacĂĄn. 550 â Gothic War: The Ostrogoths, under King Totila, conquer Rome after a long siege, by bribing the Isaurian garrison. 929 â Emir Abd-ar-Rahman III establishes the Caliphate of CĂłrdoba. 1120 â Crusades: The Council of Nablus is held, establishing the earliest surviving written laws of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. 1362 â Saint Marcellus's flood kills at least 25,000 people on the shores of the North Sea. 1537 â Bigod's Rebellion, an armed insurrection attempting to resist the English Reformation, begins. 1547 â Grand Duke Ivan IV of Muscovy becomes the first Tsar of Russia, replacing the 264-year-old Grand Duchy of Moscow with the Tsardom of Russia. 1556 â Philip II becomes King of Spain. 1572 â Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk is tried and found guilty of treason for his part in the Ridolfi plot to restore Catholicism in England. 1605 â The first edition of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha (Book One of Don Quixote) by Miguel de Cervantes is published in Madrid, Spain. 1707 â The Scottish Parliament ratifies the Act of Union, paving the way for the creation of Great Britain. 1757 â Forces of the Maratha Empire defeat a 5,000-strong army of the Durrani Empire in the Battle of Narela. 1780 â American Revolutionary War: Battle of Cape St. Vincent. 1786 â Virginia enacts the Statute for Religious Freedom authored by Thomas Jefferson. 1809 â Peninsular War: The British defeat the French at the Battle of La Coruña. 1847 â Westward expansion of the United States: John C. FrĂ©mont is appointed Governor of the new California Territory. 1862 â Hartley Colliery disaster: Two hundred and four men and boys killed in a mining disaster, prompting a change in UK law which henceforth required all collieries to have at least two independent means of escape. 1878 â Russo-Turkish War (1877â78): Battle of Philippopolis: Captain Aleksandr Burago with a squadron of Russian Imperial army dragoons liberates Plovdiv from Ottoman rule. 1883 â The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States Civil Service, is enacted by Congress. 1900 â The United States Senate accepts the Anglo-German treaty of 1899 in which the United Kingdom renounces its claims to the Samoan islands. 1909 â Ernest Shackleton's expedition finds the magnetic South Pole. 1919 â Nebraska becomes the 36th state to approve the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. With the necessary three-quarters of the states approving the amendment, Prohibition is constitutionally mandated in the United States one year later. 1920 â The League of Nations holds its first council meeting in Paris, France. 1921 â The Marxist Left in Slovakia and the Transcarpathian Ukraine holds its founding congress in ÄœubochĆa.
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