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calvinpo · 2 years ago

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For the Architectural Review

Bass Coast Farmhouse in Victoria, Australia by John Wardle Architects

Calvin Po

For the architectural profession, building on the unceded lands of Indigenous people is a conflicting proposition, yet one that is almost inevitable for architects in Australia. Bass Coast Farmhouse, by John Wardle Architects, is one such project, built on former farmland among coastal heath reserves off the Bass Strait in Victoria. As they do with all their projects, the architects acknowledge the Traditional Owners, in this case the Boonwurrung people of the Kulin Nation.

Between the role of the architect, duty to their client, and wider questions of postcolonial ethics, these tensions permeate the house’s character and its distinctive relationship to the land. The Kulin Nation’s Tanderrum ceremony extends to outsiders a welcome to Country conditional on honouring the land and its intertwined relationships with its people: ‘The land ... is our mother. These cliffs are like our cathedrals, this is our church.’ On this sacral land, the architect’s exploration of ‘the nature of building on terra firma’ is not just an architectural fantasy, but a reflection of this quandary, and rejection of colonial myths of terra nullius – the land is not a blank slate.

From ecological footprint to the architectonics, this sensitivity is omnipresent. The house is entirely off-grid and the construction is largely prefabricated to minimise onsite waste and disturbance. The house sits gingerly on the ridge of a dune, making only the necessary contact with the ground. It is then cantilevered as the dune falls beneath the house. The cantilever, with its barn-like void and its suspended walkway, evokes an archaeological shelter, spanning over and shielding artefacts, and framing them for display. To enter the house, a set of stairs descends from this walkway as if down into geological strata of times past.

As for what is being sheltered – the dune and a scattering of stones – they too become imbued with new significance. After centuries of European colonisation, few traces of Boonwurrung heritage remain. It is the land itself, and the Boonwurrung people’s intergenerational custodianship of it, which is left to be protected. A critical part of the project is repairing parts of the site degraded by modern agricultural extraction, with a specialist advising on a massive replanting project for carefully restoring indigenous grass, shrub, and tree species. In contrast with the landscape, the house’s timber cladding (already silvering in the antipodean sun) and the corrugated galvanised steel roof seem to acknowledge its fleeting presence, relative to the long histories of the Kulin Nation.

The house is the antithesis of being ‘monarch of all [it] surveys’, to quote William Cowper’s poem on Alexander Selkirk, the British castaway in the Pacific. The Anglocentric ideals of Capability Brown’s Picturesque landscapes, where the earth itself is reshaped for the pleasure of the house’s gaze, are rejected. All the outward-facing windows, including the living room’s picture window, can be shuttered at a moment’s notice. For a house surrounded by expanses of nature and the coast, it is surprisingly introspective, with its primary aspect oriented around the central courtyard. The house is also extensive for a single-storey family home, with beds and bunks in polished, timber-panelled rooms, accommodating over a dozen people. But rather than bearing down on the terrain or asserting its panoramic dominion, the house seems to recognise that the views and the land are on loan, not owned.

John Wardle Architects, with its recently inaugurated Reconciliation Action Plan, joins others in Australia in re-evaluating their relationship with First Nations. But in the end, the impact a private house can have on reconciliation is limited. As Carolyn Briggs, a senior Boonwurrung elder, once reflected, ‘I’m always trying to find markers that inform me that we still have a part in this place. ... I think it would be amazing if you can start to read the land and wonder about the history of the people who lived and died before we were here. Hopefully one day you’ll know it. But we can’t see that now in the built environment.’

Link to original article here.

#writing #journalism #architectural writing #architectural criticism #critique #architectural journalism #New Architecture Writers #building #building study #building review #architecture #Architectural Review #John Wardle Architects

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traveltillyoudro · 3 months ago

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Top 5 Exotic Countries for Adventure Seekers in 2024

Hello travel lovers! Whether you are a travel freak or love taking exotic vacations, the place you choose determines your mood and stay. No matter from which corner of the world you are today we have 5 exotic places to visit for you to have a great vacation!!

Costa Rica

Costa Rica is a perfect destination for all those who like an active sort of vacation. Cradled by the warm Pacific and Caribbean waters, with its thick rainforests, rising volcanoes, and fabulous golden sand beaches, Costa Rica justifiably features high on the list of exotic vacation ideas. The country is also well-known for its diverse ecosystems; one could hike for days and not get bored. You can zipline through the canopy, trek up live volcanic cones, or even white water through some of the world’s most extreme rivers. For those who have an affinity towards the sea, then the coastline of Costa Rica is perfect for surfboard riding, snorkeling, and even whale sighting. Every corner of this jewel nestled in the heart of Central America is a place of interest and it is among the top exotic destinations in the world.

New Zealand

New Zealand is yet another exotic country that any adventurer should include in his or her list of places to visit. Famous for its spectacular views and gorgeous look, New Zealand presents a variety of opportunities for adrenalin junkies. Whether it is jumping of bridges with bungee cords, parachuting through the picturesque scenery or trekking through highland forests, the country does not fail. The country is also well endowed for adventure activities such as skiing, snowboarding and mountain biking.

Nepal

Nepal is a country of mountains and famous for the Himalayan range. However, the country is well known for its hard treks of which is the trek to the Everest Base Camp. If you are searching for an adventurous trip that you fill take a lot of challenges, than Nepal is the place to be. However, it is not only the mountains; Nepal has a very diverse culture and history for travelers interested in something more out of the ordinary. Whether it is the historic temples, the modern markets, or the sandy beaches, there is always something to see in this exotic country; for those who are into adventure, whether trekking, rafting, or cultural sites, you will never go wrong with Nepal.

Morocco

Morocco is ideal for people who want to combine culture and active vacation. The geography of the country varies from the desert regions of the Sahara to the mountain ranges of the Atlas, thus offering the tourists a great number of opportunities to discover. You could ride on a camel and tour the desert, climb the mountains, or take a tour of the wonder cities of Morocco, Marrakesh, and Fez. Morocco also provides a number of of dark tourism examples attractions, which are historical monuments that narrate stories of the history of the country.

Thailand

It is a myth that Thailand is only about the beach; in fact, it is a heaven for adventure lovers. The country provides many opportunities, starting with the dense jungle and ending with crystal-clear water for diving. The north is ideal for trekking and elephant riding while the south coast offers water sports for the tourists. Thailand also gives a chance to get acquainted with the peculiarities of nude beaches in Thailand, which are rather adventurous and, at the same time, rather relaxing. If you want a holiday that is full of adventure yet has moments of stillness, Thailand is for you.

Conclusion

Whether you’re looking for thrilling adventures or want to move beyond your comfort zone, these exotic countries provide an excellent backdrop for your adventures in 2024. From the lush green forest of Costa Rica to the snow-clad mountains of Nepal, every place has something to offer for which one can have memories of a lifetime. So why wait? Do not wait another minute and start planning your next travel and find out the unique destinations that you can visit in the year 2024; for more travel ideas, go to Travel Till You Drop.

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david-from-travelodium · 10 months ago

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Navigating Paradise - A Comprehensive Guide to Ferry Travel in the Greek Islands

Greek island hopping is a once-in-a-lifetime experience that whisks you to the edge of southern Europe, where pine-clad mountains rise over perfectly azure seas. If you’re planning to island hop, it helps to know which ferries connect where and when. To help you navigate the island-hopping maze, this comprehensive ferry guide to the Greek islands is your ultimate companion.

Ionian Islands

Located on Greece’s western coast, the Ionian Islands are a popular destination due to their Venetian influence in culture and hosting some of the most exotic beaches in Greece. Unlike the Cyclades, most of the Ionian Islands are not directly connected to mainland Greece by passenger ferry. Travelers can easily island-hop in the Ionian Islands, hopping between Corfu (Korfu), Paxos, Ithaki, Kefalonia (Cefalonia) and Zakynthos. Corfu is one of the most famous Ionian Islands, and while it may be a bit over-touristy in some areas (such as the center of Corfu town) the island offers many scenic spots where travelers can escape the crowds. The best time to visit the Ionian Islands is from spring till mid-June when temperatures are warm enough for swimming but not yet too hot. During this period the island is also less busy and there is little chance of rain, which makes it perfect for hiking in the mountains on Lefkada or Corfu. Getting around the Ionian Islands is easy, with a handful of central ferry agency locations that are open all year round. In peak season, most islands are served by several ferries per day. If you purchase your ferry tickets online or in advance from an authorized seller, you can skip the line and head straight to the boarding gate on the day of your departure.

Cyclades

Since most of the islands in the Cyclades don’t have airports, the only way to get around is by ferry. It is best to book in advance as ferries can sell out during high season. You can use online search engines such as Open Seas and Greek Travel Pages, or local travel agencies (who also sell tickets). The first step is to decide which islands you want to visit and in what order. Then, you can look up the schedules of various ferries and routes to find what works best for your itinerary. Be sure to check out the fares, as they can vary considerably. You’ll also want to factor in if you will be taking a passenger-only or car-friendly ferry, and whether you need a ticket for children. A good length of time to island-hop in the Cyclades is 10 days, as it allows you to comfortably spend a few nights on each island. The key is to choose islands that are close enough together so you can minimize your travel time and maximize your time on the islands. The best times to visit the Cyclades are the low season (spring through early summer) and autumn (mid-September through mid-October). Prices are cheaper, attractions and hotels are less crowded, and temperatures are a lot cooler than the scorching summer heat.

Dodecanese

The Dodecanese are home to a stunning array of Greek islands that are perfect for everything from cosmopolitan vacations to peaceful and tranquil getaways. This collection of 12 islands also offers a glimpse into fascinating aspects of more recent Greek history, with the majority of the islanders having been born under Ottoman rule. In many of the Dodecanese’s towns, you can still see the influences of the area’s various ruling powers over the years, from the Byzantine churches to the Venetian architecture. On the island of Patmos, for example, you can visit the monastery that houses the Cave of Apocalypse, as well as the renowned Library, which holds rare parchments and manuscripts. In addition, don’t miss a visit to the beautiful village of Platanos and the nearby castle that overlooks the port of Lakki. As with other ferry trips across the Greek Islands, patience is a virtue when it comes to traveling in the Dodecanese. While ferries are relatively quick and efficient, they can sometimes get delayed due to bad weather or mechanical issues. This can be frustrating, but it also provides the chance to take advantage of a different kind of adventure—a chance to explore roadside shrines, empty beaches, or inland villages that might otherwise be missed. In these cases, the delay is an opportunity to practice a very important aspect of Greek life: the art of seizing the day.

Sporades

The Sporades — or “scattered ones” as the locals call them — are a stunning set of islands just off the coast of Pelion. They are home to gorgeous beaches, verdant green forests and a vibrant nightlife scene that attracts a lot of younger people looking for a great holiday experience. The three most popular islands in the Sporades are Skiathos, Skopelos and Alonissos. Despite their popularity, these islands have kept the charm that first attracted visitors and are not overly commercialized. It is also easy to combine these three into island-hopping itineraries, especially as they are all close together. Ferries connecting the Sporades travel quickly between them (around 1.5-2 hours), making it a breeze to explore these islands. In high season, ferries can be very busy. It is also a good idea to book tickets in advance, especially if you are travelling around Orthodox Easter when many Greeks travel to be reunited with their family members. Blue Star ferries operate large conventional vessels on numerous routes around the Aegean. These ferries are relatively cheap, with plenty of indoor and outdoor space for passengers to relax, big garages, cabins and a range of restaurants and cafes. The company offers a variety of seating options and, for longer or overnight trips, you can choose to book reserved “airplane” seats. Read the full article

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spiralingintotheocverse · 11 months ago

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some notes 12/17

north america is split into four sections, each acting as their own country even though only canada is actually separate. Northern (canada), eastern, central, and western. west is defined by the rockies, the east by the appalachians, and the north's borders start from maine up.

Eudaimonia refer to grandparents differently. Mahtim/matim- grandmother. fahtim/fatim- grandfather. The 'great' qualifier is marked by the addition of 'a' at the end (matima, fatima). Maternal grandparents additionally have an extra fa/ma (mamatim, mamatima, fafatima)

as ive mentioned before, the humans who did not agree with the enslavement, oppression, and hatred of eudaimonia migrated away from the central eastern continent, which was very busy. they traveled to australia along the pacific islands, which was more terrestrially connected during the height of the last ice age. Very shortly after, practically at the same time, they traveled along the russian-canadian coast to the americas. Humans in canada and the western and eastern coasts have more contact with eudaimonia species and therefore have more tolerance to them. human settlements in central north america have limited contact, and therefore have grown to be less tolerant over time. Humans who lost the warwere shipped to this area in specific, only furthering this isolated ideology.

south america is split into four sections, each acting as their own state. North (panama and up), South (everywhere but the amazon), island, and forest.

during the oppression period (before and during the war), diavolo and subspecies were forced to wear extremely sexualized clothing, very ornamental. they were either practically naked, to show they were truly owned by humans and viewed as public property, to be gawked at and be available at a moments notice. or dressed so heavily they could not move, rendering them virtually harmless and like a marble statue.

This mindset and fashion influence stuck around for a long time. High status diavolo still conduct themselves this way, either scarcely clad or at the mercy of their many servants.

during the oppression times public torture, executions, and regular beatings were... well, very regular. Tail cutting was a common execution method, as it was very painful and relatively slow. In the off chance they survived the rest of their life would be spent in misery. as for torture and physical punishment, horn amputations were conducted with any sort of tool. usually only flatly cut off from the skull or traumatically broken off. rarely were they carved and scooped out of the skull down to the horn root, which was obviously very painful and came with a million negative consequences. no matter what the case, the blood loss was enough to kill a considerable portion of those who endured it.

It also wasnt uncommon for mates and children to be used as pawns and as indirect punishment.

#notes #to review #society #language

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saventureblog · 1 year ago

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Boldness of Top Architectural Firms in Bangalore

Experience the boldness of top Architectural firms in Bangalore that offers high-quality Architectural services with huge potential and impactful results

The built environment weaves a captivating tapestry, featuring diverse design styles and architectural movements that have thrived for centuries, journeying across continents and adapting to various climates, landscapes, and cultural necessities also practiced by the Top architecture company in Bangalore

Architecture, the beautiful blend of art and skill, lays the groundwork for designing marvelous buildings. Before the construction commences, this creative process takes center stage, resulting in an array of architectural styles throughout history, each uniquely fashioned yet sharing the common goal of providing humans with a shelter to live and work comfortably.

In this blog, we are going to walk you through the top essential & fascinating facts about the types of Architecture and unique features of the best architectural firm in Bangalore

Let's take a journey through time and explore 15 of the most beloved architectural styles, ranging from the iconic structures of ancient Greece and Rome to the contemporary marvels shaping today's skylines. Each style tells a fascinating story, encapsulating all kinds of architectural services

Classical Architecture

Classical Architecture is the harbinger of the entire architectural design, which originated in the 5th century BC in Greece and around the 3rd century AD in Rome. Characterized by symmetry, columns, rectangular windows, and marble, to name a few. For centuries, architects have drawn influence from these civilizations and incorporated traditional ideals into subsequent styles of architecture.

Tudor Architec build

Tudor architecture refers in part to the period between 1485 to 1558 when craftsmen built sophisticated two-toned manor homes with a combination of Renaissance and Gothic design elements. This transitional style continued to pop up in villages throughout England until Elizabethan-Tudor architecture took over in 1558.

Neoclassical Architecture

Neoclassical architecture is defined as a style of buildings constructed during the revival of Classical Greek and Roman architecture that began around 1750 and flourished in the 18th and 19th centuries. It is characterized by grand scale, simple geometric forms, Greek (especially Doric) or Roman detail, dramatic columns, and blank walls. Its antique simplicity was in reaction to the excesses of the Rococo style.

Cape Cod Architecture

Cape Cod architecture was a widely prevalent subject introduced by the English colonists during the 17th century. The major features consist of a basic rectangular shape, one story plus a half-story, second-floor steeply pitched, roof Central chimney center door, Low ceilings shutter-clad, and dormer windows.

Italianate Architecture

Italianate architecture, emerging in the 19th century, fused Italian Renaissance elements with picturesque influences, breaking from strict classical rules. Its romantic allure and widespread popularity endured in Europe, the British Empire, and the United States, notably after the Civil War.

Italianate architecture, a popular 19th-century style, drew inspiration from the Italian Renaissance and Tuscan farmhouses, offering a romanticized alternative to classical architecture with less rigid forms and natural landscaping. It is a category within the Victorian era (1837-1901), characterized by architectural elements from a nostalgic past.

Greek Revival Architecture

Greek Revival is a type of architecture in the United States that took inspiration from the ancient Greek temples built around the 5th century B.C. This style became very popular from 1825 to 1860, which was around the time the Civil War began. It was the first major architectural style that was widely used across the entire country, starting from the East Coast and spreading to the West Coast. The buildings in this style were admired for their balance, simple designs, and elegance.

Victorian Architecture

Victorian architecture, originating in England during Queen Victoria's reign (1837-1901), is characterized by its ornamental exterior with steep roofs, bay windows, and wraparound porches, while interior designs feature grand staircases, intricate wood paneling, and decorative fireplaces. This style spread to various countries, leaving a significant architectural influence in North America, Australia, and New Zealand.

Arts and Crafts Architecture

The Arts and Crafts movement emerged as a response to Victorian excess, celebrating handcrafted beauty and natural materials. It influenced various disciplines and popularized styles like Craftsman and Bungalow homes, embracing simplicity and thoughtful design for working-class families.

Beaux-Arts Architecture

The Beaux-Arts architecture, born at Paris' École des Beaux-Arts in the late 1800s, made its mark in the United States during the Gilded Age with grand, ornate structures, drawing from Roman, Greek, Renaissance, and Baroque influences. Musée d'Orsay stands as a prominent Beaux-Arts example, showcasing its theatrical and opulent features.

Art Deco Architecture

Art & Deco drags its origin to the 1920s and 30s. It took very little time to spur. Originating in Paris and later influencing iconic American skyscrapers, boasts ornate geometric details, opulent colors, and the use of materials like stucco, terracotta, glass, steel, and aluminum.

Bauhaus Architecture

Bauhaus architecture emerged from Walter Gropius' influential German school in the early 20th century, seeking to revolutionize design after World War I. It blended art, crafts, technology, and functionalism, promoting a "form follows function" approach and embracing simplicity.

Industrial Architecture

Industrial architecture emerged during the Second Industrial Revolution, characterized by functional design with large open spaces, high ceilings, and the use of raw materials like concrete and metal, laying the foundation for Modern Architecture.

Modern Architecture

Modern architecture of the early to mid-20th century embraced simplicity, functionality, and integration with nature, featuring clean lines, open spaces, and abundant use of materials like steel, concrete, glass, and wood. Influential architects like Frank Lloyd Wright and mid-century designers revolutionized the field, leaving a lasting legacy seen in today's popular mid-century modern furniture.

Brutalist Architecture

Brutalist architecture, born in the 1950s-1970s, features raw concrete structures with bold, monochromatic designs, devoid of ornamentation. Though controversial, its impact can be observed in modern product and interior design, furniture, objects, and web design.

Contemporary Architecture

Contemporary architecture is a diverse and innovative style that breaks away from past conventions, embracing unique forms, advanced materials, and sustainability, while incorporating computer-generated designs and 3D printing. Custom-built homes can also adopt contemporary elements without being strictly bound by the style.

You will find these dashing Top architecture designs in Bangalore in dashing staturethat infuse a cluster of an architectural designs in Bangalore most particularly in Rajajinagar under the umbrella of Top architecture design in Rajajinagar

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that-kid-from-vault-101 · 1 year ago

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The fight concluded within the first short exchange between the two. Dusk put a bolt of burning plasma into the central processor of a synth with every pull of the trigger. Tristan, Gallows, and Glade sent pieces flying from some and melted down others on a molecular level with their plasma casters. Kodiak simply gripped one’s head in his massive metal-clad hand, crushing every bit or wiring and delicate processing power in his fist.

Aaron, for his part, lowered his rifle from the Synths face, head cocking slightly to the side. The others were, indeed, trying to shoot this one, and it seemed to be a different model than the others, for lack of a better term. More complicated internals, a polymer skin acting as a shell, a personality, though with wasteland machines it was difficult to differentiate programmed from true AI. It seemed to have a convincing enough pain response, as well, giving how it was cradling its damaged leg.

“Aw, this one has a costume!” Dusks computerized voice rang out through the store, patronizing and sarcastic, the ground trembled as she vaulted over a store display to get a closer look at the mechanical man. “It’s dressed up like a detective! Elder, let me take a picture before we blast it.”

Aarons glare was withering, even through his helmet, and the sniper coughed, stepping back into the line that the rest of the Pride formed as they gathered around the damaged man. The Elder shifted his plasma rifle to his off-hand, holding out the other to the Synth.

“Elder Aaron Sheling, Brotherhood of Steel, East Coast Chapter. Can you walk?”

“Shots fired. Energy weaponry and firearm. Blue tinge. Tech Team Alpha continue on mission, Pride will break off to engage.”

Aaron waited for a response from the skull-mic in his power armor. Scribe Bigsleys sigh, or snide comment, or whiny remark about the importance of technology over this current hours occurrence of some idiot getting their ass shot off by Raiders, or Gunners, or Super Mutants. They were hunting for clues about the Institute after all, the most important of things.

It did not come, the only reply being a slightly disappointed, “Yes, Elder. Tech Team Alpha continuing sweep.”

For this, the Elder was thankful. Tech Alpha was well armed and equipped, three Scribes including Bigsley, two Knights clad in full combat armor, and two Paladins in T-60F toting plasma casters. Tech retrieval in the Commons was serious business, and it wouldn’t do to have someone mucking about in said business.

The Pride was largely here to purge the ruins as they went, and to provide heavy fire support in the event that Tech Alpha ran into something unmanageable like a Behemoth. All six members clad in modified X-01 with their weapons of choice and looking for anything that looked like it could be the most minor of inconveniences to Brotherhood operations.

Obviously the shouts of a man in clear distress were something they could not ignore, blowing past even their curiosity of the origin of those laser blasts. Gunners, Raiders, even the Brotherhood used the standard AER-9 laser rifle platform in various configurations, these attackers were using something else entirely.

Their approach to the building was rapid, bounding strides shaking the earth as the doorway loomed before them, missing a door and structurally questionable as all buildings in Boston were. When they drew close, a figure stepped from the doorway, weapon drawn, silhouette tense with killing intent that it did not receive the chance to act upon.

Aaron hit the figure like a freight train, one foot raised, the massive armored boot hammering into its chest and pinning it to the wall with a sickening metallic crunch. The Elder had already raised his plasma rifle and emptied several blasts into the things head before it properly registered that it had crunched instead of squished, that it was sparking instead of bleeding.

“Robots!” He called out. The only Synth he had ever met had simply looked like a man, so these skeletal monstrosities seemed like just another of RobCo or General Atomics leftovers. He signaled for the rest of the Pride to enter the building, to breach and clear beyond the doorway.

As the five other power-armored soldiers ducked into the doorway, pouring fire into the other nightmarish mechanical constructs populating the building, Aaron hooked right, the light of his armor and the sights of his rifle settling onto another mechanical construct. This one seemed to be taking cover, wounded -if a robot could be considered wounded-, and dressed in what he could only describe as a detectives getup from some Noir film. For some reason, that stayed his trigger finger.

“Don’t move, and you keep functioning.”

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rmrroofing · 4 months ago

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R M R Roofing Services - Metal Roof Repair Sydney

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aussiestonetechptyltd · 6 months ago

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Stone Fireplace Cladding Sydney

For top-quality stone fireplace cladding in Sydney, Aussie Stone Tech Pty Ltd is the premier choice. Renowned for their craftsmanship, attention to detail, and commitment to excellence, Aussie Stone Tech Pty Ltd specializes in delivering stunning stone cladding solutions that enhance the beauty and functionality of Sydney fireplace Cladding in both residential and commercial properties. Choosing…

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heydenframeandtruss · 4 years ago

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Benefits Of Timber Cladding

Timber cladding Sydney is an extensively used, common exterior finish for buildings; 'cladding' refers to a covering for a structure, as well as all the components attached to achieve this.

It is available in a range of species and is machined to a range of profiles. Different timber species have varying physical properties and look. The choice of profile, comparatively, can influence the properties and style of the cladding.

Cladding Central Coast doesn’t have to be timber, of course. But the natural aesthetic appeal of timber cladding has made it a timeless, popular choice that will never go out of fashion. Cladding is an extremely old weatherproofing technique that has accordingly been improved over time.

The following are some of the benefits of timber cladding-

Natural beauty

Perhaps the foremost benefit of timber- the reason many people turn to its undeniable natural beauty. Outdoor timber cladding gives a warm feel and once weathered can blend into their natural surroundings.

Timber cladding enables you to create seamless transitions between buildings and timberland. Exterior timber cladding can also give a calming, natural aesthetic to buildings in urbanised areas. It is versatile, too. A beautiful-looking timber exterior finish can be appropriate at home in a traditional or contemporary setting.

Sustainable

Aside from its incredible natural beauty, timber cladding is also an unbelievably eco-friendly material. It is probably the greenest building choice you could make.

For each tree used to make cladding, there is consistently the chance to plant new ones. Just as being 100% renewable, timber stores carbon from the atmosphere, helping to fight global warming.

A renowned timber merchant and supplier of sustainable cladding will source their timber from certified cladding suppliers Sydney; this guarantees that the timber used is 100% renewable and sustainable.

Economical

Cladding projects fulfilled with timber, generally speaking, will in general come in at a less expensive cost than with other structure materials. Of course, costs can vary - but as a rule, timber is an incredible choice for those on a budget.

In conclusion, these above-stated are some of the benefits of timber cladding.

#Cladding Suppliers Sydney #Cladding Central Coast #Timber Cladding Sydney

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timberrooftrusses · 3 years ago

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Advantages Associated With Using Timber Cladding Central Coast

This benefit comes out from the fact that timber cladding Sydney is absolutely lightweight and because of this, the installation becomes a very easy-to-do task.

#Timber Cladding #Timber Cladding Sydney #Cladding Central Coast

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dwellordream · 3 years ago

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“...“Scythia” was a fluid term in antiquity. For the Greeks, “Scythia” stood for an extensive cultural zone of a great many loosely connected nomadic and seminomadic ethnic and language groups that ranged over the great swath of territory extending from Thrace (another fluid geographic term in antiquity), the Black Sea, and northern Anatolia across the Caucasus Mountains to the Caspian Sea and eastward to Central and Inner Asia (it is more than four thousand miles from Thrace to the Great Wall of China).

“The Greeks call them Scythians,” wrote Herodotus; the Persians called them Saka (Chinese names included Xiongnu, Yuezhi, Xianbei, and Sai). “Although each people has a separate name of its own,” remarked the geographer Strabo, the Scythians, Massagetae, Saka, and other nomadic tribes “are given the general name of Scythians.” Pliny named twenty of the “countless tribes of Scythia.” As Gocha Tsetskhladze, a historian of Scythia, points out, “We call them Scythians because the Greeks did.” There are more restrictive modern descriptions for “Scythians” based on ethnographic, geographic, and linguistic parameters, but the terms Scythia and Scythians, the names used by the ancient Greeks, are convenient catchall terms to refer to the diverse yet culturally similar nomadic and seminomadic groups of Eurasia to western China.

Modern historians and archaeologists use “Scythian” to refer to the vast territory characterized in antiquity by the horse-centered nomad warrior lifestyle marked by similar warfare and weapons, artistic motifs, gender relations, burial practices, and other cultural features. Scythia’s forests, grassy steppes, desert oases, and mountains were home to a multitude of individual tribes with their own names, histories, customs, and dialects but sharing a migratory life centered on horses, archery, hunting, herding, trading, raiding, and guerrilla-style warfare. Endless journeys over waterless prairies, invasions, plunder, wars, alliances, agreements, quarrels, more wars: “such is the life of nomads,” commented Strabo.

Lucian of Samosata (Syria) concurred: “Scythians live in a state of perpetual warfare, now invading, now receding, now contending for pasturage or booty.” Going by myriad names, waxing and waning in population over the centuries, continually on the move, the Scythian nomads, as described in ancient texts, had a history “inseparable from that of the nomadic and semi-nomadic tribes of the Eurasian steppes.” Their common material culture, the “Scythian Triad” of distinctive weapons, horses, and artistic “animal-style” motifs, is evident in archaeological artifacts in burials from the Carpathian Mountains to northern China. Grave goods demonstrate far-reaching trade among these groups.

Not all of these peoples wandered the ocean of grass under infinite skies, however. By the fifth century BC, seminomadic clans known as the “Royal Scythians” had come to reside in wagons or settlements clustered around the northeastern Black Sea–Don area, taking up agriculture and trade, facilitating exchange between Greece and points along the Silk Routes to Asia. It was mainly through the coastal trading colonies that the Greeks first came to hear of the many different tribes of greater Scythia. No aspect of Scythian culture unsettled the Greeks more than the status of women. Hellenes expected strict division of male and female roles. But among nomadic people, girls and boys wore the same practical clothing and learned to ride and shoot together. In small hunting and raiding groups where everyone was a stakeholder and each was expected to contribute to survival in an unforgiving environment, this way of life made good sense.

It meant that a girl could challenge a boy in a race or archery contest, and a woman could ride her horse to hunt or care for herds alone, with other women, or with men. Women were as able as men to skirmish with enemies and defend their tribe from attackers. Self-sufficient women were valued and could achieve high status and renown. It is easy to see how these commonsense, routine features of nomad life could lead outsiders like the Greeks—who kept females dependent on males—to glamorize steppe women as mythic Amazons. The opportunity for an especially strong, ambitious woman to head women-only or mixed-sex raiding parties or even armies was exaggerated in Greek myths into a kind of war of the sexes, pitting powerful Amazon queens against great Greek heroes.

…Despite their rich culture (which flourished from the seventh century BC to about AD 500), the Saka-Scythians, Thracians, Sarmatians, and kindred groups left no written histories. What we know about them must be gleaned from other oral, written, or artistic materials, chiefly from Greece and Rome but also non-Greek sources from what is now Iran, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, India, China. The lifestyles of Eurasian nomads in later times can also contribute to our understanding of ancient life on the steppes.

Excavations of grave mounds (kurgans) began in the 1870s, and every year since then numerous archaeological teams are uncovering more and more evidence, much of it confirming ancient Greek reports and also revealing that Scythian culture was more sophisticated and complex than previously realized. By the seventh century BC, powerful Scythian forces were attacking, plundering, and exacting tribute in Thrace, the Caucasus, and Anatolia, penetrating south as far as Syria and Media, even advancing toward Egypt and moving eastward toward China.

The Scythians’ reach contracted again after defeats in the Near and Far East in the sixth century BC, but Scythians continued to dominate the Caucasus and Central Asian steppes. Scythians were horse people. They traveled extremely long distances by land, much of it harsh going. To reach Thrace or the mouth of the Danube or northern Greece, for example, they would follow a long southwestern arc down from the steppes. To reach Colchis, Armenia, Anatolia, and Persia from the north, they took one of two major migration routes used by nomads, traders, and invaders from time immemorial. These routes, first described by Herodotus, involved arduous journeys over or around the snow-clad Caucasus range. The Scythian Gates (or Keyhole) was a precipitous, winding mountain trail over the central Caucasus: the journey from the Sea of Azov to the Phasis River in Colchis took about thirty days. The ancient Persians called this narrow defile Dar-e Alan, “Gate of the Alans” (Daryal Pass), after one of the nomadic tribes of Scythia.

The other difficult and longer passage, sometimes called the “Caspian Gates” or the Marpesian Rock, was between the steep eastern end of the mountains and the Caspian Sea (Persian, Darband, “Closed Gates,” modern Derbent, Dagestan). From Pontus (northeastern Turkey) Scythians could cross west into Europe (Thrace) in wintertime over the frozen Bosporus Strait between the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara. In about 1000–700 BC, Greeks began establishing colonies along the Aegean coast of Anatolia, where they became aware of local histories and legends about Amazons. Many towns in Anatolia claimed Amazons as their founders; grave mounds and other shrines were local landmarks linked with Amazons. By the eighth and seventh centuries BC, Greek adventurers began exploring the rim of the Black Sea, which they called the Euxine or simply Pontus (“the Sea”). At some later point “Pontus” came to specify the wedge of land between the Phasis River of Colchis and the Thermodon River of northeastern Anatolia.

By the sixth century, Greek colonies were sprinkled around the Black Sea, and by 450 BC more than a dozen Greek colonies were established on the northern Black Sea, from Tyras on the Dniester River to Gorgippia (ancient Sinda), south of the Taman Peninsula, and Tanais, a Scythian trading post at the mouth of the Don River on the Sea of Azov. Descriptions of barbarian societies of the north and east, many distinguished by a degree of gender role blurring unknown in Hellenic society, began to filter back to Greece as a few traders and travelers journeyed beyond the colonies on the Black Sea, venturing deeper into the lands of nomadic groups, on the steppes, the Caucasus Mountains, around the Caspian Sea, and eastward along the trade routes to the distant Altai Mountains, India, and China. As travelers pushed farther, the stories got stranger, but meanwhile the Royal Scythians who had settled near the Black Sea colonies were becoming more familiar to the Greeks.

Literary and archaeological evidence points to an uneasy relationship between Greeks and Scythians in the Black Sea region in the sixth and fifth centuries BC, followed by a period of lively trade and mutual integration in the fourth century BC. Many slaves in Athens came from Thracian and Scythian tribes, purchased at Black Sea emporiums such as Tanais on the Don (see chapter 6 on Thrace-Scythia links). Meanwhile Greek merchants and travelers carried out commerce and made marriage alliances with Scythian clans.

In the fifth century BC, Scythian soldiers and policemen were employed in Athens, but numerous vase paintings and inscriptions about Scythians and Thracians attest to Greek familiarity with their clothing, tattoos, and weapons by the midsixth century BC. Male archers and Amazons wearing Scythian-style costumes became favorite subjects on Athenian vases by 575 BC. Some archaic black-figure paintings (575–550 BC) show men fighting on the Amazons’ side against Greeks; scholars suggest that these could be either Scythians or Trojans.

Around 490 BC, the time of the Persian Wars, the popularity of male Scythian archers in art faded, perhaps because of their association with Persians (although Scythians were also enemies of the Persians). But female Scythian archers—“Amazons”—never lost their popular appeal in Greek vase paintings and other art forms. Archaeologists now know that “legends about Amazons are reflected in the grave goods of excavated Scythian tombs.” The accumulating evidence of female warriors buried with their weapons is leading classical scholars to acknowledge that some Greek beliefs about Amazons were influenced by women who shared the same activities as men in the nomadic cultures of Eurasia. But this “novel” insight from modern archaeology—that Amazons were Scythian women—was already obvious to the Greeks in classical times. Whatever psychological meanings the Amazon myths may have held in antiquity, a wealth of little studied literary evidence shows that Greco-Roman authors clearly associated the Amazons with historical, nomadic Scythians at an early date.

Greek writings about Amazons indicated several different Amazon “habitats” and zones of activity in Scythia. Some sources located Amazons in Thrace and western Anatolia; some placed them in Pontus on the southern shore of the Black Sea; still others put them in the northern Black Sea–Sea of Azov–Caucasus regions; and many writers mentioned more than one locale. Modern scholars have taken this apparent inconsistency as proof that the Greeks were simply making up ecological niches for imaginary beings.

In fact, however, this mobile “sphere of influence” for Amazons makes sense. Whether or not the ancient mythographers and historians realized it, the depiction of shifting environments around the Black Sea for the Amazons’ home bases, strongholds, migrations, and battle campaigns accurately captured the realities of nomadic life. There is no doubt that at various times in historical antiquity groups of Scythians were present in the various regions designated in classical texts as occupied by Amazons .

In Homer’s Iliad, for example, King Priam of Troy recalls seeing Amazons in northern Anatolia as a youth. At the beginning of the war with the Greeks, Priam musters his army at a man-made mound near Troy said to be the grave of the Amazon queen Myrina. Mound tumuli are scattered across Phrygia, Mysia, and Thrace, and Scythian tomb mounds (kurgans) of the seventh–sixth centuries BC exist near Sinope, Pontus. Priam’s ally Queen Penthesilea was a Thracian, but she led a band of Amazons from Pontus. The mythic quest of Jason and Argonauts for the Golden Fleece is at least as ancient in its origins as the Trojan War cycle. According to the Argonautica (the version of the myth composed by Apollonius of Rhodes, ca. 280 BC), Pontus and Colchis were occupied by three different tribes famed for women warriors (chapter 10).

In the mid-seventh century BC, the adventurer Aristeas (from an island in the Sea of Marmara) wrote about his journey east across Scythia to Issedonia and the Altai Mountains. His epic, Arimaspea (a Scythian word meaning something like “people rich in horses”), preserved only in fragments, was very influential in forming the early Greek picture of Scythia and Amazons. Aristeas said that Amazons wandered the ironrich territory around the Maeotis (Sea of Azov) and the River Tanais (Don).

Another lost work, by Skylax of Caryanda (sixth century BC), described the Maeotians, the Sinti (Sinds), and the Sarmatians as “people ruled by women.” Several authors referred to Amazons as Maeotides, “people of the Maeotis.” (Scythian tribes around the Sea of Azov included the Sinds, Dandarii, Doschi, Ixomatae, and many others.) Other ancient historians placed Amazons and their allied forces among the nomads beyond the Borysthenes (Dnieper) River on the steppes north of the Black Sea.

Pontus was the Amazon headquarters in another lost epic, the Theseis, about the Athenian hero Theseus, probably composed in the sixth century BC. In the fifth century BC the playwright Euripides located the Amazons in Pontus; so did the poet Pindar, who described Amazons “armed with spears with broad iron points.” The play Prometheus Bound (Aeschylus, ca. 480 BC) speaks of the “fearless maidens” of Colchis and the Caucasus and the “Scythian multitudes” to the north; it foretells that this Amazon host will “one day settle at Themiscyra by the Thermodon” in Pontus.

The fourth-century BC Greek historian Ephorus (from Cyme, named for an Amazon) reported that a faction of Scythians had once left the northern Black Sea and settled in Pontus, becoming the Amazons. The geographer Strabo (first century BC) located various Amazon tribes in the valleys and mountains of Pontus, Colchis, the Don region, and the Caucasus. Instead of evidence for Greek confusion about where to locate imaginary Amazons, these examples represented Amazons as people who roved around the Black Sea. Scythian culture was consistently recognized as the wellspring of the women warriors known as Amazons.”

- Adrienne Mayor, “Scythia, Amazon Homeland.” in The Amazons: Lives and Legends of Warrior Women Across the Ancient World

#the amazons #adrienne mayor #history #scythian #ancient #greek #classical literature

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backtothestart02 · 3 years ago

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At the Stroke of Midnight - 1/1 | westallen fanfiction

A/N: Probably going to be my last fic for a while, since I've really gotten into vidding again, but this was a fic suggestion/request I got on insta that I originally meant to write & post for NYE. So, here you go! I hope y'all enjoy!

...

Synopsis: AU - Iris West is an elusive diamond thief and the Flash's greatest weakness.

...

Iris breathed in the fresh smell of museum and diamonds as she took her first step into the Royal Treasury exhibit at the Central City Public Museum. Clad in form-fitting leather with her hair pulled back from her face, Iris hesitated only briefly to talk into her com.

“Coast clear, Reverb?”

“Clear as the night sky, your highness. All cameras and alarms disabled.”

She smiled to herself and flexed her glove-encased hands as she approached the jackpot, a 500 carat diamond discovered in southern Africa and brought first to the U.K. by royal demand and then to the U.S. for temporary display. It would stay in the U.S. but in her possession, at least until she decided to sell it on the black market for a price. Maybe she’d have a chunk got off to hang around her neck. She could wear it in broad daylight with no one the wiser. She was practically giddy at the prospect.

She was halfway through unscrewing the lid of the glass case shielding the diamond from her grasp when a whoosh of air followed by a crackle of lightning stole the tools from her hands and tightened the screws once more, snatching the gun from her holster away for good measure.

Oh, and she was handcuffed suddenly.

The sigh and roll of her eyes escaped her before the figure in red even came to a stop, grinning before her with his arms crossed and his chest puffed.

“We’ve got to stop meeting like this, Flash.”

He chuckled.

“I agree.” He approached her slowly. “If only you’d stop trying to steal diamonds.”

“Trying?” she scoffed. “I was successfully stealing them until you started showing up.”

He shrugged innocently.

“What can I say? I’m in the business of stopping thieves.”

“And yet, you haven’t put me away once.”

He raised his eyebrows.

“Why is that, I wonder,” she murmured, her eyes dropping to his lips and back up to his darkening eyes.

“Uh-uh,” he said, though his voice sounded a bit strangled, and Iris couldn’t help but glance at the hint of a bulge below his belt. “That’s not going to work this time, Miss West.”

She smirked and moved within an inch of his body, tipping her head up to look at him, her leather-clad body now brushing against him.

“Isn’t it though?”

He swallowed.

“The police will be here any minute.”

“I don’t hear sirens,” she whispered.

“Ugh.” He took a step back, confusing her.

He turned away, ran a hand over his face, gathered himself together so his growing erection was under control, then turned back to her, only to find the handcuffs clanking on the floor. When he looked towards the exit, all he saw was the heel of her knee-high boots disappearing into the hall.

He flashed over to her, blocking the exit just before she zipped through.

“Bobby pin in your pocket?” he guessed.

She shrugged innocently.

“Never know when you might need one.”

She grinned devilishly, then closed the distance between them, yanked his head down to hers and planted her glossed lips on his surprised ones. She waited for him to respond just barely, then she pushed him away, leaving him stunned and gasping for air.

“Something to remember me by.”

She winked and walked through the door easily. By the time Flash had recovered from the kiss and jolted back to the reality that she was escaping once again with her counterpart in her fancy car, it was too late. He could’ve flashed after them and put both in jail once and for all.

But he could only get them for breaking and entering. They hadn’t technically stolen any diamonds. Because of him.

He supposed that was good enough for now.

…

A knock on his door several hours later kept him from depositing his freshly showered self on the living room couch and watching Netflix until the stroke of midnight, after which he’d have to endure friends calling and texting since he’d bailed on the New Year’s Eve rooftop party that had been organized months ago.

He frowned, since he’d only just ordered the pizza but went to the door anyway, peering into the peephole before stifling a groan just barely.

“I can hear you breathing.”

He sighed and pressed his forehead to the door.

“Kara, no.”

“You do realize I could use my laser vision to burn your door knob off and then waltz right in.”

Barry gave a strained chuckle and opened the door to find his best friend standing there smiling brilliantly.

“Yes, but you wouldn’t want to put me through the trouble of repairing that, now would you?”

Her smile never wavered.

“It’s good to know my best friend still has some common sense.”

She pushed past him and spun around once he’d closed the door and she had his attention again.

“You look nice,” he said, taking in her sparkly dress and curls in her hair, complete with equally sparkly eye shadow and a lipstick shade that made her lips pop.

She grinned for a few more seconds before taking in the stretched out collar on his t-shirt and the raggedy sweatpants that clung to his ankles. At least his socks looked decent.

“Why aren’t you dressed?”

He looked down at his apparel.

“I’m wearing clothes.”

She rolled her eyes and walked down the hall into his bedroom.

“Kara, don’t…” He sighed and joined her in his room.

“Look at all these nice clothes you have that you never wear.” She sifted through the shirts and pants in his closet. “I wonder who gave them to you.” She looked at him pointedly over her shoulder.

“Hey, I paid for them,” he defended. “And tried them on.”

Kara picked out a couple items and pushed them against his chest till he instinctively wrapped his arms around them.

“And I thank you for your service. Try them on again.”

She flounced past him back into the hall.

“I’ll be in the living room popping the champagne I put in your fridge last week!”

Barry blinked and then chuckled.

He supposed the evening wouldn’t be too bad with Kara by his side. She always made things fun. Maybe she’d manage to make him forget about that devastatingly impulsive kiss Iris West had planted on him before she made her escape.

Maybe.

…

Kara was a social butterfly. He should have taken that into consideration before the party. She was also a reporter, which meant she was always keeping her eyes and ears open for a possible story no matter where she went, even a social event where she was meant to just enjoy herself.

So, as luck would have it, she drifted from Barry and found herself clustered amongst some females, indulging in all the dirty secrets they had to offer that flowed freely from their tongues whilst they proceeded to drink themselves into a hangover and some vomiting.

Barry wound up near the edge of the rooftop, gazing out over the city, trying and failing to think of something other than Iris West’s lips on his when, at 10 to midnight, another presence settled beside him.

“Mind if I join you?”

He’d half-expected it to be Kara or some flirty, drunk stranger at the party. His eyes widened briefly when he recognized the eyes behind the lacy cropped mask she wore as none other than Iris West’s.

He wanted to call her out on it, but then he remembered she didn’t know his secret identity. She’d never caught him with his cowl down or having revealed his secret, so he forced himself to keep mum about it and carry on the conversation as if they didn’t know each other at all.

“Not at all.”

He forced a smile. It wasn’t too hard given who he was smiling at, and how right now she wasn’t a criminal but a gorgeous woman who wanted his attention.

“Is this yours?” she asked, gesturing towards the barely touched glass of champagne on the little table beside him.

He winced.

“I’m afraid so. I’m not much of a drinker.”

“Well, that’s a shame.” She reached for his glass and handed it to him. Reluctantly, he took it. “Is that because of the taste or the speed running through your veins?”

His jaw dropped, despite himself.

She couldn’t possibly have figured it out. Could she?

“Don’t ask so surprised, Flash,” she lowered her voice. “I used to be a reporter too. Just like your friend over there – Kara, is it?”

His eyes darkened.

“If you hurt her, I swear to-”

“Oh, don’t swear. It’s not becoming on a do-gooder like you.”

He scoffed.

“Besides I’m hardly dangerous without my tools. And my gun. Which I’d like back by the way.”

“You’re dreaming.”

“You don’t usually make it into my dreams, Allen. Sorry to break that to you after our steamy goodbye kiss.”

“So, what do you want?”

She turned fully towards him, and he got a good view of her cleavage through the low-cut slimming black dress.

“I’d like you to leave me alone. Let me steal my diamonds, leave it to the police if you must. I can outsmart them just fine. And in exchange, I won’t tell anyone your secret identity.”

His eyes narrowed.

“I could put you behind bars right now. You’re a wanted a woman, West. They’d take you without question.”

“Yes, but you won’t do that.”

“And why wouldn’t I?”

“Well, for starters, you’d have no one to kiss at midnight.”

He snorted.

“I’ll live.”

“And, also, you’ve had dozens of opportunities to put me away. And yet, here I am, freely roaming a New Year’s Eve party, without a care in the world.”

“You have no proof I’m…who you say I am. I can say you’re bluffing and the whole world would believe me over you.”

“Maybe.” She shrugged. “Maybe not. Guess it’s your call to see how much you’re willing to risk.”

She lifted her glass.

“Bottoms up.”

The liquid poured into her throat, almost all of it. Then she set it down where his had been. He was surprised his fingers didn’t snap his glass in two.

She walked away from him, mingled with the other guests, while time ticked away closer to midnight. He was so focused on his conversation with Iris that he almost didn’t hear the people around him counting down loudly to minute from the 10-second mark on.

At three seconds, Iris appeared before him again, grinning like the Cheshire cat she was.

“Two…one…”

And just like before, she pulled him down on her and planted her lips on his. This time she stuck her tongue into his mouth, giving him a truly steamy kiss for the several seconds that followed. He forgot about their circumstances and her blackmail in those seconds, cupped her face and kissed her back.

She was the first to pull away, as he probably should’ve expected.

“That was one hell of a kiss, Barry Allen.”

She dabbed at the corner of her lips.

“I guess that solidifies our deal,” she concluded.

“Not on your life,” he whispered harshly.

“We’ll see about that,” she purred, shooting him a wink before turning away and sashaying out of the party. His eyes were glued to her ass the whole way.

Moments later, Kara appeared beside him, demanding to know the whole story.

“Who was that?” she gawked, watching as Iris disappeared into the elevator. “You kissed her like you knew her.”

“I do,” he said grimly.

Kara blinked, her gaze focused entirely on what he’d say next.

“Well? Who is she?”

He inhaled steadily and released his breath.

“Iris West, criminal at large.”

#westallen #westallen fanfiction #backtothestart02 fanfiction #au #criminal!iris west #at the stroke of midnight

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