#Calcitonin | Explore Tumblr posts and blogs

ashleyrowanthewriter · 8 months ago

Text

The Sign for Gold Is Ugly - Chapter 1

*************

It began as a routine blood test. Goldie was impatiently rocking in her chair and flapping her tail that was beginning to grow while Dr. Erian was reading her card. From time to time he was glancing at his patient only to return to reading the card. Finally he put it down on his desk.

“I have some good news and some bad news,” said Dr. Erian.

“Some good news? What about?” asked Goldie.

“The good news is that your levels of calcitonin have finally reached the level that allows you to be legally deemed a merfolk,” said Dr. Erian.

Hearing the diagnosis Goldie became ecstatic. She threw her hands in the air and squealed through a toothy grin.

“That’s so great!” Goldie said. “What do I need to sign?”

“Not so fast,” said Dr. Erian. “I know how exciting that might sound, but you still have some paperwork not done.”

Goldie stopped her excited rocking and looked at Dr. Erian.

“What do you mean paperwork?” Goldie was shocked. “I have everything covered! Your psychiatric approval, the two year life test and even the single status certificate! And you just said that I have perfect hormone levels! What else would I need?”

“Well, you seem to have forgotten about the Mermaid Sign Language certificate, didn’t you?” said Dr. Erian

Goldie looked as if she heard about it for the first time.

“That’s a requirement?” asked Goldie. “Last time I checked it was just advice!”

“Times change quickly when you do animal HRT,” said Dr. Erian.

“How quickly are we speaking exactly?”

“I guess 30 months is a long time, isn’t it? From the beginning of it all to now.”

“But don’t they say that law doesn’t work backwards?”

“It doesn't. You haven’t started your legal procedure so you still don’t transition using the old system.”

Goldie wanted to protest, but she ran out of arguments. She just crossed her hands and frowned. Dr. Erian looked for something inside the drawer of his desk.

“Try going to her,” Dr. Erian told Goldie. “My other patients say that they achieve great results with her.”

Saying that Dr. Erian pulled out a flyer from his desk. Goldie read it with curiosity. In the picture there was a human woman and a beautiful mermaid with a gorgeous lingcod tail. They were raising their right hands and spreading their fingers. The description read Dr. Rowan’s Merslan School - For transitioners and translators.

Goldie thought that maybe she could try. Not that she particularly trusted Erian’s claims of satisfied patients. She simply saw no better alternative.

It was Goldie’s first class at Dr. Rowan’s school. She looked around the classroom looking at all the fellow students. Some were early into their transition, some were in a similar stage to her and some already had to be using wheelchairs thanks to their progress. All of them gathered in that room in a common goal to learn that one peculiar skill that the law found mandatory for them. For a moment it gathered up some self esteem in Goldie. If so many people were trying to do it then for sure Goldie could do it.

The door opened and one more person went in. A tall woman holding a briefcase. She stood before the class, raised her right hand and spread her fingers. The class repeated her movements. Goldie was confused, but she made the sign as well. She was waiting for the woman to sit down with the rest of the class, but then she started speaking.

“Alright, good morning, class! It is delightful to see you all. I am Dr. Rowan, but you might already know that. I am excited about teaching you and I hope you’re excited about learning with me.”

Goldie couldn’t believe what she heard. She took out the flyer from Dr. Erian, looking at it and at her teacher. There was no doubt. It was the human from the picture. It was strange for Goldie. She was almost sure that the teacher should be some kind of mermaid. Wasn’t there a mermaid on the flyer? Was that just a student? But it was only natural to think otherwise. Assumptions are indeed a powerful light that can blind its wielder.

The first lesson was feeling longer and longer and slower and slower. As much as she wanted to, she understood very little of whatever Dr. Rowan tried to teach her class. Goldie wanted the class to end. She wanted to once again understand what her senses were registering. Sure, she caught the meaning of maybe five signs, but she completely missed about fifteen others.

Near the end of the lesson Dr. Rowan finally said something that Goldie could understand.

“Now, one more thing before we finish. As you might have guessed, the names used in the Mermaid Language are not names you may be familiar with from English.After all there is no real way of communicating them through its signs. Instead you can choose any sign you’d like to!”

Finally Goldie caught something and found it cool.

“So I want you to think about whatever word you’d like to use as your name and tell me next week,” said Dr. Rowan. “I’ll show you how to show it. And… That’s all for today!”

Of course Goldie already knew what sign she wanted to use. So while her classmates were leaving the class she instead went to Dr. Rowan.

“Excuse me, what if I already have a word I want to use?” asked Goldie.

Dr. Rowan smiled. “I’ll show you then. What should it be?”

“Gold,” said Goldie. “Well… It might have been kind of obvious,” she added and chuckled.

“Alright, it’s easy. Look,” said Dr. Rowan.

The teacher closed her left eye and brought her right hand to her right eye. She then brought her thumb, index and middle finger together.

“Like this,” said Dr. Rowan.

Goldie mimicked her movements. She found the sign disappointing. She kind of hoped it would be more beautiful.

In her house Goldie was practising her name in front of a mirror. Or something along the lines. She had very mixed feelings about it. Her sister, Kayla, who just came to visit Goldie, noticed her lost in the mirror.

“Did something happen?” asked Kayla.

“The sign for gold is ugly,” said Goldie, still lost in her practice.

Kayla remembered that Goldie told her about trying to learn the Mermaid language. It was the first time she saw her sister practising and she saw that she did not have a fun time.

“Trouble learning?” Kayla asked.

“No kidding,” said Goldie. “Once I remember some sign I forget it immediately.”

“Don’t worry, you’re gonna be great at it someday,” said Kayla.

“It would be nice,” said Goldie. “But I guess this is my hell.”

Goldie returned to training signs. Kayla stood behind her and looked at Goldie’s reflection. She was still attempting to practise.

Kayla moved her sight to her own reflection. She was on her way to transition into a bat, but she didn’t know how far she would want to push her transition. She already had a lot of bat traits that she loved. Cute fur, wings beginning to sprout, sensitive ears�� Kayla focused on her ears. They were really sensitive. In loud environments they were really hurting her. She sometimes needed to wear silencers.

And maybe that was the way to give Goldie some motivation and faith…

“You know…,” Kayla said. “Sometimes I do wish to be able to turn my hearing off.”

“Don’t you have silencers?” asked Goldie.

“Yes, but… I can’t talk if I can’t hear,” said Kayla. “I would like to learn some sign language. Maybe you could teach me?”

At first Goldie thought that she could help Kayla a bit. After all, who was she not to help her own sister? But then she noticed the possible hidden intentions.

“Is that supposed to make me want to study harder?” said Goldie.

“Maybe,” said Kayla.

Goldie sighed and laughed.

“Alright, sis!” Goldie said. “I can’t promise anything, but whatever I get I’ll try to teach you.”

“Thank you!” said Kayla. “Maybe you’ll manage to actually pick stuff up easier!”

“Yeah,” said Goldie. “Let’s hope so.”

*************

Yup, I am writing a fanfic of the Furry HRT universe. I wanted to come back to the idea. And write a story about aspiring mermaids learning sign language. As you might have guessed the main character is going to be @welldrawnfish. Also @kaylasartwork is going to be featured. I hope they like it!

EDIT: Thought I actually should link to Goldie's fish story and Kayla's bat story. Whoopsies...

#furry #furry hrt #fish hrt #mermaid hrt #bat hrt #fanfiction #fanfic #writeblr

205 notes · View notes

qwertyfingers · 3 months ago

Text

Two cool migraine-related papers i found today:

CGRP has a direct biochemical effect on anxiety. Relevant because migraine patients (sometimes! there are multiple pathologies involved in migraine and not everyone is the same) have significantly elevated serum CGRP compared to healthy controls

2. Migraine patients on CGRP antibody treatments see improvements in depressive symptoms independent of the effect on their migraines

The second study is a small group and the numbers aren't super impressive but it matches up with my experience from the patient side and pretty cool to see work being done on this!

8 notes · View notes

herelieskennauncovered · 13 days ago

Text

Posting these taxonomic breakdowns because I have nowhere else to post them :)

I made these at work because I was very bored, and didn't particularly have a lot to do. I am currently confined to my desk until the end of February and I'm descending into madness from boredom.

Anyway. Heres dogs:

Domain - Eukaryota

Kingdom - Animalia

Phylum - Chordata

Class - Mammalia

Order - Carnivora

Family - Canidae

Genus - Canis

Species - Canis lupus

Subspecies - Canis lupus familiaris – domestic dog

A eukarayote is an organism whose cells have a membrane ��bound nucleus.

Animalia (An Animal) is a multicellular, eukarayotic organism. They consume organic material, breathe oxygen, have myocytes(muscle cells that contract to produce force) and are able to move, sexually reproduce, and grow from a hollow sphere of cells, the blastula (an animal embryo in early development when it is a hollow ball of cells), during embryonic development.

Chordata (A Chordate) consists of any animal with a flexible rod supporting their back side, most of which being also vertebrates. All chordates possess, at some point as a baby or adult, five distinguishable characteristics. A notochord, a hollow dorsal nerve cord, and endostyle or thyroid, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail.

· A notochord is a flexible rod of cells that forms the supporting axis of the body.

· A hollow dorsal nerve cord is a tube-like structure that runs along the back of animal, and forms the central nervous system. The hollow cavity is filled with cerebrospinal fluid. Alternatively, this is called the spinal cord.

· An endostyle is a grooved organ in the pharynx (a passageway in the head and neck that is both part of the digestive and respiratory system) of some chordates that secretes mucus to trap food and aid in digestion. A filter-feeding tool consisting of parallel longitudinal folds projecting into the pharyngeal cavity.

· A thyroid is a small butterfly shaped gland that makes thyroid hormone and calcitonin. It helps to regulate growth and metabolism.

· A pharyngeal slit is an opening in the pharynx that allows water to pass in and out of the body, i.e. your mouth; gills

· A post-anal tail is a tail that extends past the anus. Humans possess this tail in early stages of development, while still in utero.

Mammalia (a Mammal) is the class of vertebrates that possess mammary glands, a broad neocortex (the portion of the brain that controls sight and hearing), fur or hair, and 3 middle ear bones. These bones are the malleus, the incus, and the stapes, also known as the hammer, the anvil, and the stirrup due to their shapes. These bones are separated from the outer ear by your eardrum. These perform important functions to help you hear. Mammals use sight and hearing as key sensory tools to navigate. Mammals often use an “up-and-down” motion with their spines for locomotion, not side to side. This is why dolphins and whales swim up and down, and fish swim side to side.

Carnivora (carnivorans) are descendants of a late Paleocene radiation of mammals whose primitive food habits were carnivorous. This does not mean that all carnivorans are strictly carnivores. While a lot of physical descriptors can vary, all members of carnivora have simple stomachs. They are considered generally intelligent with relatively large brains. Their fur can be any color, but is usually thick and multi-layered.

Canidae (canids) are dog-like carnivorans, and constitutes as a clade (a group of animals with a common ancenstor). Caniformia is a suborder within Carnivora, and defines “dog-like” as having largely non-retractile claws, having longer jaws and more teeth than feliforms, and lean towards opportunistic scavenging. In opposition, feliforms are far more specialized for a strictly carnivore diet. Caniforms have single chambered or only partially divided auditory bullae (a hollow bony structure in the skull that encloses parts of the middle and inner ear), composed of a single bone, and the bulbourethral glands (responsible for producing pre-ejaculate) and vesicular seminalis (secretes seminary fluid) are always absent.

Canis is a genus of Caniforms distinguished by their moderate to large size, large and well developed skulls, long legs, and comparatively short ears and tails. They can be solitary or pack animals. They have a dentition whose arrangement is specific to Canis. In general, all species in this genus look and act quite similar to each other, but cannot interbreed.

Canis lupus, is a wolf. This species has several subspecies, all able to interbreed. Wolves are identifiable from other members of the Canis genus mostly by their size and behavior. A wolf is the largest in size of any member of the Canis genus, and is further distinguished by having rounder muzzles and ears, shorter torsos, and longer tails than other Canids. They are specialized for cooperative game hunting, and live in social family packs. They are extremely social, expressive, and monogamous. They are active at night, and native to North America and Eurasia.

A dog is a subspecies of Canis lupus, taxonomically referred to as Canis lupus familiaris. Meaning literally “familiar wolf” in latin, they are able to successfully interbreed with Canis lupus and other subspecies of the aforementioned. They are domesticated but still possess many behavioral similarities as Canis Lupus. They are highly, highly social, extremely expressive, extremely cooperative, and intelligent. The fact that they are domesticated is what caused them to initially separate from Canus Lupus as a subspecies, forming different physical features based on selective breeding by humans. Dogs frequently have larger eyes and floppier ears, but can exist in many different sizes and shapes. All dogs can interbreed regardless of their breed. A breed is a further classification beyond subspecies, in which the animals only differ in locality and physical features, typically having a lineage of similar looking dogs with a distinctive appearance that separates them from other dogs.

and heres cats:

Domain - Eukaryota

Kingdom - Animalia

Phylum - Chordata

Class - Mammalia

Order - Carnivora

Family - Felidae

Subfamily- Felinae

Genus - Felis

Species - catus

Binomial name: Felis catus

A eukarayote is an organism whose cells have a membrane –bound nucleus.

· A notochord is a flexible rod of cells that forms the supporting axis of the body.

· A thyroid is a small butterfly shaped gland that makes thyroid hormone and calcitonin. It helps to regulate growth and metabolism.

· A pharyngeal slit is an opening in the pharynx that allows water to pass in and out of the body, i.e. your mouth; gills

· A post-anal tail is a tail that extends past the anus. Humans possess this tail in early stages of development, while still in utero.

A Felid, of the family Felidae, are cat-like carnivorans. Cat-like, meaning they have retractile claws that are attached to the terminal toe bone, slender muscular bodies, and strong flexible forelimbs. They are digitigrade, meaning they stand or walk with their toes on the ground, and the rest of the foot is lifted. Their skull is shorter than a canid’s, with a round profile and larger orbits. Their tongues are covered in papillae, fine, cone shaped projections made of keratin. They are solitary predators and obligate carnivores, meaning their diet consists only of nutrients found in the flesh of other animals. Some scientists argue that they adapted towards an obligate carnivore diet because they cannot detect sweet flavors. Cat eyes are large and adapted to seeing in low-lighting, using a reflective layer of tissue in the eye called a tapetum lucidum. The tapetum lucidum reflects light back onto the retina to provide more light to photoreceptors in the eye. The eyes of felids are also particularly adapted for distinguishing movement in low light, with a high proportion of rod cells. They have 6x better vision in low light than humans. All cats share a broad range of vocalizations, including purring (which they can breathe through through both phases of respiration), hissing, growling, and sometimes roaring (though not all cats can roar). Cats also possess a Jacobson’s organ, or a Vomeronasal organ. It is located on the roof of the mouth, and is also present and functional in all snakes, lizards, cattle, pigs, dogs, and some primates.

Felinae is a subfamily of Felidae of small cats with a bony hyoid. The hyoid bone is a horseshoe-shaped bone between the chin and thyroid. It is often called a lingual bone, or a tongue bone. The presence of this bone is what prevents some cats from having the ability to roar. The other subfamily of Felidae is Pantherinae, which includes cats that can roar like lions, jaguars, leopards, and tigers.

Felis is the genus of small and medium sized cats native to most of Africa, Europe, Asia, and Indochina. The word Felis means “cat, ferret” in Latin. Reginald Pocock has divided up the genus, compromising only the following cats, due to a genetic divergence that separates them from other felinae lineages. The European Wildcat (F. silvestris), Jungle Cat (F. chaus), African Wildcat (F. lybica), Black-footed Cat (F. nigripes), Sand Cat (F. margarita), Chinese Mountain Cat (F. bieti), and the Domestic Cat (F. cactus). Felis catus is a small domestic cat commonly kept as a pet, or free-ranging as a feral. The species is social but hunts alone. They specialize in killing small animals such as song birds, reptiles, and rodents, the latter being what led to their domestication by humans. Today, they are most closely related to a European Wildcat (F. silvestris), though some of the earliest documented tame cats were African Wildcats (F. lybica). Despite genetic selection by humans, many cats still possess all the same traits as their wild counterparts, including a Jacobson’s organ, large, pointed ears, the ability to see in low light, and its fast reflexes and hunting capabilities. However, domestic cats have a smaller skull and shorter bones than European Wildcats. Their fur color may vary wildly, from solid white, black, and tan, to spots, stripes, and occasionally both, inclusive of other colors like orange, buff, brown-gray, or nearly any naturally-occuring fur color possible. The social behavior of domestic cats ranges widely as well, from friendly individuals to feral cat colonies based on groups of co-operating females. Cats territory size and range can be anywhere from just near their homes or miles away from a central point. Despite this difference in behavior, all male cats mark their territory by scent rubbing and spraying urine. Differing from dogs, cats traded an evolution of physical neonatal traits to behavioral neonatal traits, and treat adulthood with humans as an extended kittenhood, including meowing loudly, mimicking human cries, and displaying great affection towards their humans as surrogate mothers.

#cats #dogs #kittens #kitty #pets #puppies #taxonomy #breakdown #deepdive #deep dive #im bored

4 notes · View notes

mockiatoh · 18 days ago

Text

Confidently described the role of calcitonin in inhibiting iconoclast action, lads.

#I don’t think my prof. noticed and I said it right each time except for once but whew.

2 notes · View notes

creative-anchorage · 8 months ago

Text

Why are women more likely than men to suffer from fibromyalgia, osteoarthritis, irritable bowel syndrome, and other chronic pain conditions? Various theories have been proposed over the years, such as gender bias in healthcare, the lingering effects of childhood trauma, and women “catastrophizing” about their pain more than men. Now there’s a new theory, which could radically change how men and women are treated for pain. In a groundbreaking study published in the journal BRAIN, researchers at University of Arizona Health Sciences identified two substances – prolactin and orexin B – that appear to make mice, monkeys and humans more sensitized to pain. Prolactin is a hormone that promotes breast development and lactation in females; while orexin B is a neurotransmitter that helps keep us awake and stimulates appetite. Both males and females have prolactin and orexin, but females have much higher levels of prolaction and males have more orexin. In addition to promoting lactation and wakefulness, both substances also appear to play a role in regulating nociceptors, specialized nerve cells near the spinal cord that produce pain when they are activated by a disease or injury. “Until now, the assumption has been that the driving mechanisms that produce pain are the same in men and women,” says Frank Porreca, PhD, research director of the Comprehensive Center for Pain & Addiction at UA Health Sciences. “What we found is that the basic, underlying mechanisms that result in the perception of pain are different in male and female mice, in male and female nonhuman primates, and in male and female humans.” Porreca and his colleagues made their discovery while researching the relationship between chronic pain and sleep. Using tissue samples from male and female mice, rhesus monkeys and humans, they found that prolactin only sensitizes nociceptors in females, regardless of species, while orexin B only sensitizes the nociceptors of males. The research team then tried blocking prolactin and orexin B signaling, and found that blocking prolactin reduced nociceptor activation only in female cells, while blocking orexin B only affected the nerve cells of males. In effect, they found that there are distinctive “male” and “female” nociceptors. “The nociceptor is actually different in men and women, different in male and female rodents, and different in male and female non human primates. That’s a remarkable concept, because what it's really telling us is that the things that promote nociceptive sensitization in a man or a woman could be totally different,” Porreca told PNN. “These are two mechanisms that we identified, but there are likely to be many, many more that have yet to be identified.” Once such mechanism could be calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRPs), a protein that binds to nerve receptors in the brain and trigger migraine pain. In a recent study, Porreca suggested that sexual differences may be the reason why migraine drugs that block CGRPs are effective in treating migraine pain in women, but are far less effective in men. Until these differences are more fully understood, Porreca says clinical trials should be designed to have an equal number of men and women. That way differences between the sexes could be more easily recognized and applied in clinical practice. For example, therapies that block prolactin may be an effective way to treat fibromyalgia in women, while drugs that block orexin B might be a better way to treat certain pain conditions in men. “We have an opportunity to develop therapies that could be more effective in treating pain in a man or in a woman than the generalized kinds of therapies that we use now,” said Porreca. ‘I think it's critically important that these pain syndromes really be taken very seriously. And that we find better ways of treating female pain and also male pain.”

#found in my heathers tummy care newsletter #healthcare #chronic pain #chronic illness #gender bias

6 notes · View notes

lifewithchronicpain · 2 years ago

Text

German scientists may have finally proven a link between hormones and migraines, and why women suffer migraines at triple the rate that men do. In studies on animals and humans, researchers found that calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRPs) increase in females during menstruation.

CGRP is a protein that binds to nerve receptors and dilates blood vessels in the brain, causing migraine pain. Several medications are now on the market that inhibit CGRP, one of the biggest innovations in migraine treatment in decades.

“This elevated level of CGRP following hormonal fluctuations could help to explain why migraine attacks are more likely during menstruation and why migraine attacks gradually decline after menopause,” says Bianca Raffaelli, MD, of Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin in Germany. “These results need to be confirmed with larger studies, but we’re hopeful that they will help us better understand the migraine process.”

Raffaelli and her colleagues measured CGRP levels in the blood and tear fluid of 180 women during their menstrual cycles, and found that those who suffer from episodic migraines had significantly higher concentrations of CGRP during menstruation, when estrogen levels are low. (Read more at link)

#chronic pain #migraines #women #menstruation #hormones #article

30 notes · View notes

munaeem · 2 years ago

Text

Fatigue, feeling cold and dry skin are symptoms of hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)

The thyroid gland is placed in the front center of the neck, between the trachea and the larynx. It is the organ that produces the hormones triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and calcitonin. The thyroid requires iodine from the diet and the environment to manufacture it. The pituitary gland produces the hormone TSH, which regulates thyroid function. Hypothyroidism (hypothyroidism) is a group…

View On WordPress

#hypothyroidism #Thyroid #underactive thyroid

5 notes · View notes

preventmigraine · 2 years ago

Text

How CGPR Related to Migraine?

Migraine is a disabling neurological disease with symptoms that include moderate or severe unilateral or bilateral headache, nausea/vomiting, sensitivity to light, noise, and/or smells. Migraine CME is essential to understanding the relationship between CGRP and migraine. CGRP, or calcitonin gene-related peptide, is a neuropeptide that plays a crucial role in migraine pathophysiology.

#Migrainecme #Migrainece #Headachecme #Headachece

2 notes · View notes

renewhealthcenters · 8 days ago

Text

Where to Find Trusted Osteoporosis Treatment in San Antonio, TX

When it comes to managing osteoporosis, the first step is understanding the condition and then seeking the best treatment available. If you are looking for trusted osteoporosis treatment in San Antonio, TX, you're in the right place. Whether you're newly diagnosed or have been managing osteoporosis for years, it’s crucial to work with healthcare providers who specialize in bone health and offer comprehensive care.

Understanding Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more likely to break. It often develops without any noticeable symptoms, which is why it is sometimes referred to as a "silent disease." The bones most commonly affected by osteoporosis are the hips, spine, and wrists. As we age, our bones naturally lose density, but osteoporosis accelerates this process.

Symptoms and Risk Factors of Osteoporosis

Many individuals with osteoporosis don’t know they have it until they suffer a fracture. Common risk factors include:

Age: The risk increases as you get older.

Gender: Women are more likely to develop osteoporosis, especially after menopause.

Family History: A family history of osteoporosis can increase your risk.

Lifestyle Choices: A diet low in calcium and vitamin D, sedentary lifestyle, and smoking can contribute to weakened bones.

Being proactive about managing osteoporosis is vital for preventing fractures and improving quality of life. Many people in San Antonio seek specialized care to ensure their treatment is effective.

Seeking Professional Osteoporosis Consultation in San Antonio

When you are diagnosed with osteoporosis, it is important to seek professional advice from an expert who understands the condition. An osteoporosis consultation in San Antonio is one of the first steps you should take. Specialists can help you understand your bone density, assess your risk of fractures, and develop a personalized treatment plan.

These consultations typically involve comprehensive bone assessments, discussions about lifestyle factors, and recommendations for medication if needed. During the consultation, your doctor will take the time to explain the importance of managing bone health through exercise, nutrition, and sometimes medical interventions.

Bone Density Testing in San Antonio

A crucial part of osteoporosis treatment involves monitoring the density of your bones. Bone mineral density (BMD) tests, such as a DEXA scan, are used to assess the strength of your bones and determine whether you have osteoporosis or are at risk of developing it.

In San Antonio, many healthcare centers offer these services, allowing individuals to catch osteoporosis early and begin treatment before significant bone loss occurs. Regular testing ensures that you can track the progress of your condition and adjust your treatment plan accordingly.

Treatment Options for Osteoporosis

There are several effective treatments available for osteoporosis in San Antonio. Most treatment regimens aim to slow bone loss, strengthen existing bones, and prevent fractures. The following treatments are commonly prescribed by healthcare professionals:

Medications: Drugs like bisphosphonates, calcitonin, and hormone therapy can help improve bone density and prevent fractures.

Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements: These are crucial in promoting bone health and can prevent further bone loss.

Exercise: Weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercises play a significant role in improving bone health.

Lifestyle Changes: Quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake, and maintaining a healthy diet can all help improve bone strength.

Patients who receive osteoporosis consultation in San Antonio will have access to personalized plans that combine medication, lifestyle changes, and physical therapy to achieve optimal results.

The Importance of Specialized Osteoporosis Care

Choosing the right specialist is key when dealing with osteoporosis. Healthcare providers who specialize in osteoporosis are often the best equipped to provide you with cutting-edge treatments and solutions tailored to your unique needs. When you seek a osteoporosis consultation in San Antonio, be sure to choose a healthcare facility that emphasizes individualized care. Some clinics may offer specialized services such as:

Osteoporosis risk assessment

Bone strength analysis

Nutritional counseling for bone health

Physical therapy and exercise recommendations

By partnering with a dedicated team, you increase the likelihood of managing your osteoporosis effectively and living a healthy, active life.

Where to Find Trusted Osteoporosis Care in San Antonio, TX

Finding trusted osteoporosis treatment in San Antonio involves looking for medical centers with a proven track record in bone health. You want a clinic with certified specialists who stay up-to-date on the latest research and advancements in osteoporosis treatment.

Renew Health Centers in San Antonio is an excellent option for those seeking osteoporosis care. They offer comprehensive services, including advanced bone density testing, personalized treatment plans, and expert consultations. Their team focuses on empowering patients to take charge of their bone health and provide support every step of the way.

If you’re interested in understanding how your bone health is affecting your overall wellness, schedule an osteoporosis consultation in San Antonio at Renew Health Centers.

How Can Renew Health Centers Help You?

At Renew Health Centers, you'll find an integrated approach to osteoporosis care. This includes:

Comprehensive Osteoporosis Assessment: Understanding your bone density is crucial for developing a treatment plan.

Personalized Care Plans: You’ll receive a care plan tailored to your specific needs and lifestyle.

Non-Invasive Treatment Options: They prioritize non-invasive treatments that support your body's natural ability to strengthen bones.

Ongoing Support and Education: Renew Health Centers believes in educating patients about osteoporosis and how to manage it long-term.

They are dedicated to providing a holistic approach that addresses both the medical and lifestyle factors that contribute to osteoporosis.

Conclusion

When looking for trusted osteoporosis treatment in San Antonio, TX, it’s essential to seek out professionals who specialize in bone health and provide comprehensive care. Whether through an osteoporosis consultation in San Antonio or advanced testing, having the right care team can make all the difference.

#OsteoporosisCare #BoneHealth #OsteoporosisTreatment #OsteoporosisAwareness #BoneDensity #SanAntonioHealth #OsteoporosisConsultation #HealthyBones #SanAntonioWellness #OsteoporosisSupport #OsteoporosisPrevention #BoneStrength #RenewHealthCenters

0 notes

oxygenrn · 20 days ago

Text

**Mechanism of Migraine with Aura: Step-by-Step Brain Tissue Changes**

Migraine with aura involves a cascade of neurological events, primarily driven by **cortical spreading depression (CSD)** and subsequent activation of pain pathways. Here’s a breakdown of the process:

---

### **1. Initiation of Cortical Spreading Depression (CSD)**

- **Trigger**: Neuronal hyperexcitability in the cortex (often genetic or due to ion channel dysfunction) leads to abnormal electrical activity.

- **Mechanism**: A sudden surge of neuronal depolarization (excessive firing) begins in a localized brain region, typically the **occipital lobe** (visual cortex).

- **Key Players**:

- **Glutamate**: Excess release of this excitatory neurotransmitter triggers depolarization.

- **Potassium (K⁺) ions**: Leak from neurons, propagating the wave.

---

### **2. Wave of Depolarization Spreads**

- **Process**: The depolarization wave spreads across the cortex at ~3–5 mm/minute, temporarily disrupting normal brain activity.

- **Symptoms**:

- **Visual aura**: Flashing lights, zigzag patterns (scintillations) or blind spots (scotoma) as the wave affects the visual cortex.

- **Sensory aura**: Tingling/numbness (parietal lobe involvement) or speech difficulties (Broca’s area).

---

### **3. Neurotransmitter & Ionic Shifts**

- **Glutamate Surge**: Sustained depolarization increases extracellular glutamate, overstimulating NMDA receptors and causing excitotoxicity.

- **Calcium Influx**: Neuronal calcium overload disrupts mitochondrial function, generating **reactive oxygen species (ROS)** and oxidative stress.

---

### **4. Cerebral Blood Flow Changes**

- **Initial Hyperemia**: Brief increase in blood flow (due to vasodilation) during depolarization.

- **Oligemia**: Prolonged reduced blood flow (vasoconstriction) following the wave, potentially contributing to hypoxia-like symptoms.

- **Imaging**: fMRI studies show a "spreading oligemia" matching the aura’s progression ([*Annals of Neurology*](https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.410280502)).

---

### **5. Trigeminovascular System Activation**

- **Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation**: CSD activates pain-sensitive trigeminal nerve terminals in the meninges (brain’s protective membranes).

- **Inflammatory Mediators**:

- **CGRP (Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide)**: Released, causing vasodilation and neurogenic inflammation.

- **Substance P**: Enhances pain signaling and sensitizes blood vessels.

---

### **6. Central Sensitization & Pain**

- **Pain Pathways**: Trigeminal signals reach the thalamus and cortex, perceived as throbbing headache (often unilateral).

- **Sensitization**:

- **Allodynia**: Normal touch becomes painful (due to hyperexcitable neurons).

- **Photophobia/Phonophobia**: Brainstem nuclei (e.g., locus coeruleus) amplify sensitivity to light/sound.

---

### **7. Resolution & Postdrome**

- **Recovery**: Neurons repolarize, blood flow normalizes, and inflammatory mediators clear.

- **Postdrome**: Fatigue, cognitive fog, or residual sensitivity due to lingering neurotransmitter imbalances.

---

### **Key Factors Influencing Aura**

- **Genetics**: Mutations in ion channels (e.g., CACNA1A) increase neuronal excitability.

- **Hormones**: Estrogen fluctuations may modulate CSD susceptibility (common in women).

- **Triggers**: Stress, dehydration, or sleep changes lower the threshold for CSD.

---

### **Clinical Implications**

- **Preventive Therapies**: CGRP inhibitors, beta-blockers, or antiepileptics (e.g., topiramate) target CSD or trigeminal activation.

- **Acute Relief**: Triptans constrict dilated meningeal vessels and block CGRP release.

---

*Migraine with aura reflects a complex interplay of neuronal, vascular, and inflammatory processes. While CSD is central to aura, ongoing research aims to clarify genetic and molecular drivers.* 🧠⚡

0 notes