#Brass Battery Terminals

[nocquaadventuregear]

Dual Battery Terminal Adapters

The Essential Guide to Dual Battery Terminal Adapters

In the world of automotive and marine applications, the demand for reliable power systems is ever-increasing. Whether you're an off-road enthusiast, a long-haul trucker, or a boat owner, the need for a robust and flexible power setup is crucial. Enter the dual battery terminal adapter, a simple yet indispensable device that allows for the seamless integration of multiple batteries into a single system. This article delves into the importance, functionality, and advantages of using dual battery terminal adapters. spectrum aquaterra kayak

What is a Dual Battery Terminal Adapter?

A dual battery terminal adapter is a specialized connector that allows you to connect two batteries to a single terminal post. Typically designed for both positive and negative terminals, these adapters are made from highly conductive materials such as brass or copper, ensuring minimal power loss and maximum efficiency.

Why Use a Dual Battery Terminal Adapter?

1. Increased Power Capacity

One of the primary reasons for using a dual battery terminal adapter is to increase the overall power capacity of your system. By connecting two batteries, you effectively double the available energy, which can be crucial in applications requiring extended periods of operation without recharging.

2. Enhanced Reliability

In critical applications, such as in marine or off-grid setups, having a backup battery can be a lifesaver. A dual battery system allows you to isolate one battery while using the other, ensuring that you always have a charged battery ready to go if one fails.

3. Better Load Management

Connecting multiple batteries using a dual battery terminal adapter enables better load distribution across your power system. This reduces the strain on a single battery, prolonging its lifespan and ensuring more stable voltage levels.

Types of Dual Battery Terminal Adapters

1. Straight Terminal Adapters

These are the most basic form of dual battery terminal adapters. They feature a simple design where both battery cables are connected in a straight line. Ideal for setups with limited space, straight terminal adapters are easy to install and provide a direct connection.

2. Angled Terminal Adapters

Angled terminal adapters offer a more versatile connection option, allowing you to connect batteries at an angle. This design is particularly useful in cramped engine bays or marine environments where space is at a premium.

3. Multiple Post Adapters

For those needing more than just two batteries, multiple post adapters are available. These adapters feature additional connection points, allowing for the integration of three or more batteries into a single system.

Installation and Considerations

Installing a dual battery terminal adapter is a straightforward process, but there are a few key considerations to keep in mind:

Compatibility: Ensure that the adapter is compatible with your battery terminal posts. Most adapters are designed to fit standard posts, but it's always good to double-check.

Material Quality: Opt for adapters made from high-quality materials such as brass or copper. These materials offer excellent conductivity and are resistant to corrosion, ensuring long-term reliability.

Secure Connections: Make sure that all connections are tight and secure to prevent any power loss or potential hazards.

Proper Insulation: Use appropriate insulation around the terminals to avoid accidental short circuits, which can damage your batteries and potentially cause safety issues.

Applications of Dual Battery Terminal Adapters

1. Automotive Use

For vehicles with high power demands, such as trucks, RVs, or off-road vehicles, dual battery systems are essential. These adapters allow for easy integration of a secondary battery to power additional accessories like winches, lights, or inverters without draining the primary battery.

2. Marine Applications

Boats and other marine vessels often rely on dual battery systems for powering navigation equipment, lighting, and communication devices. A dual battery terminal adapter ensures that both batteries are efficiently connected and managed.

3. Off-Grid and Solar Systems

In off-grid and solar power systems, multiple batteries are often used to store energy. Dual battery terminal adapters play a critical role in connecting these batteries in parallel, ensuring a stable and reliable power supply.

Conclusion

Dual battery terminal adapters are a small yet vital component in any multi-battery power system. By allowing the seamless connection of multiple batteries, these adapters provide increased power capacity, enhanced reliability, and better load management. Whether you're upgrading your vehicle, boat, or off-grid power setup, investing in a quality dual battery terminal adapter is a decision that will pay dividends in performance and peace of mind.

[aogunlimited]

Understanding Terminal Studs in Aviation: Applications and Types

In the highly specialized world of aviation, every component, no matter how small, plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and efficiency of aircraft operations. One such essential component is the terminal stud. These sturdy connectors are integral to the electrical systems of aircraft, providing reliable connections that are vital for various functions. This blog will explore the applications and types of terminal studs used in the aviation industry.

Applications of Terminal Studs in Aviation

Terminal studs are primarily used to create secure electrical connections in an aircraft's wiring systems. Their robust design ensures they can withstand the harsh conditions encountered during flight, such as vibration, temperature extremes, and exposure to various chemicals. Here are some of the critical applications of terminal studs in aviation:

Power Distribution: Terminal studs are central to power distribution systems within an aircraft. They facilitate the connection between power sources, such as batteries or generators, and the various electrical components that require power. This includes everything from avionics systems to cabin lighting.

Grounding Systems: Effective grounding is essential for the safe operation of an aircraft's electrical system. Terminal studs are used to connect grounding wires to the aircraft's structure, ensuring that any stray electrical currents are safely dissipated.

Engine Systems: Modern aircraft engines rely heavily on electronic controls and sensors. Terminal studs are used to connect these components, ensuring reliable communication between the engine and the aircraft's central control systems.

Avionics: Avionics systems, which include navigation, communication, and flight control systems, require highly reliable electrical connections. Terminal studs provide the necessary stability and conductivity for these critical systems.

Maintenance and Inspections: Terminal studs are also designed to facilitate easy maintenance and inspections. Their robust nature means they can be connected and disconnected multiple times without degrading performance, which is crucial for routine checks and repairs.

Types of Terminal Studs in Aviation

Terminal studs come in various types, each designed to meet specific requirements and standards. The following are some common types of terminal studs used in aviation:

Standard Terminal Studs: These are the most common type and are used for general electrical connections. They are made from materials like brass or copper, which provide excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance.

Insulated Terminal Studs: These studs have an insulating layer that prevents accidental electrical contact with other components. This is particularly important in areas where space is limited and there is a risk of short circuits.

High-Temperature Terminal Studs: Aircraft often operate in extreme temperatures, so high-temperature terminal studs are designed to withstand these conditions without degrading. They are typically made from materials like stainless steel or nickel alloys.

High-Strength Terminal Studs: In applications where mechanical strength is critical, such as in engine systems, high-strength terminal studs are used. These studs are made from robust materials and are designed to withstand significant mechanical stresses.

Quick-Connect Terminal Studs: For applications that require frequent connection and disconnection, quick-connect terminal studs are ideal. They feature a design that allows for fast and secure connections without the need for tools.

Specialty Terminal Studs: Some terminal studs are designed for specific applications, such as those used in avionics systems or for grounding. These specialty studs may have unique features or be made from specialized materials to meet the stringent requirements of their specific applications.

Conclusion

Terminal studs may be small, but their importance in aviation cannot be overstated. They ensure that an aircraft's electrical systems are reliable, safe, and efficient, playing a vital role in everything from power distribution to avionics. By understanding the different types of terminal studs and their applications, aviation professionals can make informed decisions that enhance the performance and safety of their aircraft.

For more information on high-quality terminal studs and other essential aviation components, visit AOG Unlimited, your trusted partner in aviation solutions.

[frontiermetal]

FROM CONCEPT TO PRODUCTION: CUSTOM METAL PARTS AND PLATING IN OEM

Copper stamping plays an indispensable role in metal fabrication, leveraging its exceptional properties such as excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, flexibility, and resistance to corrosion. These attributes make copper a cornerstone material in various industries where precision and reliability are paramount for the mass production of high-quality parts.

The Importance of Copper Stamping Across Industries

Across advanced industries, copper stamping finds essential applications owing to its unique properties. For instance, in aerospace, copper-stamped parts endure extreme conditions while ensuring crucial electrical functions. Similarly, the burgeoning electric vehicle (EV) market relies on copper stamping for its electrical architecture, encompassing batteries and motors. In electronics, copper is indispensable for high-reliability components like connectors and switches. Additionally, its antimicrobial properties render it ideal for medical devices, while the defense sector utilizes copper for durable military applications.

Copper's superior conductivity, malleability, corrosion resistance, and antimicrobial qualities make it a preferred choice across various critical applications. In other words, copper boasts exceptional electrical and thermal conductivity, making it a top choice for various applications. 

Its ability to efficiently conduct electricity and heat sets it apart from other materials, ensuring optimal performance in electrical components, heat exchangers, and various industrial processes. This remarkable property enables the seamless flow of energy and facilitates the transfer of heat, enhancing the efficiency and reliability of systems across multiple industries.

Addressing Industry Challenges Through Copper Stamping

Copper stamping presents solutions to numerous sector-specific challenges. In industries like automotive and aerospace, copper’s superior conductivity enhances energy efficiency and operational safety. Its corrosion resistance extends the lifespan of components exposed to harsh environmental conditions. Furthermore, copper’s malleability facilitates the production of intricate designs, meeting the stringent demands of electronics and medical equipment manufacturing.

Selecting the Right Partners for Copper Stamping

Choosing manufacturing partners for copper stamping requires diligence in selecting ISO-certified entities that uphold high ethical standards and prioritize customer satisfaction. ISO certification signifies adherence to rigorous industry standards, ensuring quality assurance. Ethical practices demonstrate a commitment to environmental sustainability and fair labor, aligning with the values of progressive enterprises.

Applications and Advantages of Copper Stamping

Copper stamping finds diverse applications, particularly in manufacturing electrical connectors, terminals, and heat sinks where high conductivity and durability are essential. Collaboration with ISO-certified manufacturers offers several benefits, including compliance with rigorous quality standards and ethical guidelines. This enables manufacturers to meet specific requirements while emphasizing environmental and social responsibility.

Understanding Metal Stamping

Metal stamping is a versatile manufacturing process utilized across various materials, each chosen based on specific application requirements. Steel, aluminum, brass, and copper are among the commonly used metals, each offering distinct advantages.

Steel is valued for its strength and durability, making it ideal for automotive and construction applications. Aluminum, lightweight yet robust, is favored in aerospace and automotive industries for its corrosion resistance and efficiency. Brass, with its low friction and non-sparking properties, finds use in fittings and tools for explosive environments, also boasting natural corrosion resistance and aesthetic appeal.

Copper, renowned for its exceptional electrical and thermal conductivity, is indispensable in electrical components and heat exchangers, owing to its malleability and antimicrobial properties. 

The Versatility of Copper-Stamped Parts

Copper-stamped components are integral to various products, enhancing system functionality across renewable energy, consumer electronics, and medical devices. Particularly crucial in electrical systems like vehicle wiring and battery links, copper’s unmatched conductivity is showcased. Moreover, its antimicrobial properties are highly valued in medical device manufacturing, ensuring stringent cleanliness standards.

Strategic Significance and Future Outlook

The strategic significance of copper stamping in contemporary industry is profound, supporting key sectors with parts adhering to the highest standards of quality and efficiency. As industries progress, the demand for copper-stamped components is expected to rise, driven by technological advancements and a heightened focus on sustainability and efficiency.

Copper stamping fosters technological innovation and industrial growth, facilitated by strategic collaborations with ISO-certified providers committed to quality, ethics, and customer satisfaction. This not only enables successful projects but also contributes to broader objectives of innovation and excellence across various fields.

Ethical Business Considerations

Ethics in business are foundational to sustainable success and positive societal impact. Upholding ethical standards involves conducting operations with honesty, integrity, and accountability, prioritizing fairness and respect in all interactions. Businesses committed to ethics demonstrate transparency in their practices, ensuring compliance with laws and regulations while considering the broader social and environmental implications of their decisions.

Ethical business practices extend beyond profit-seeking objectives to encompass responsibilities to employees, customers, communities, and the environment. By fostering a culture of ethics, organizations build trust and credibility, attracting loyal customers and talented employees. Ultimately, ethical conduct not only safeguards reputations but also contributes to long-term prosperity, driving innovation, fostering partnerships, and creating lasting value for stakeholders.

In conclusion, copper stamping epitomizes an industry's commitment to excellence and addressing the evolving needs of contemporary society. Seeking insights from specialized providers with values that align can offer tailored information and services to meet specific industrial requirements.

[hhcprecision]

Battery Cover, a precision-engineered accessory designed to protect and secure your device's power source. Crafted from high-quality, durable materials, this sleek and stylish cover ensures a snug fit, while providing easy access for battery replacement. Enhance your gadget's longevity and performance with this reliable safeguard.

Functions and Importance of Battery Terminal Covers in Vehicles

Protection: Battery caps are designed to protect the battery from external elements such as dust, dirt, moisture, and road debris. They shield the battery from physical damage and prevent contaminants from entering the battery compartment. This protection is crucial for maintaining the battery's integrity and preventing potential malfunctions or short circuits.

Thermal Management: Batteries generate heat during operation, especially during charging and discharging cycles. Battery covers often have built-in insulation and ventilation features to manage the battery's temperature. They help dissipate heat and maintain optimal operating conditions for the battery, enhancing its performance and extending its lifespan.

Safety: Battery covers play a significant role in ensuring the safety of both the vehicle and its occupants. They help contain any potential acid leaks or spills from the battery, preventing them from coming into contact with other components or causing harm. Battery covers also act as a barrier between the battery terminals and any conductive material, reducing the risk of electrical shorts or accidental contact.

Noise Reduction: In electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid vehicles, battery covers can contribute to reducing noise levels. They act as sound barriers, minimizing the transmission of noise and vibrations generated by the battery, thereby enhancing the overall driving experience for passengers.

Aesthetics and Integration: Battery covers are designed to integrate seamlessly with the vehicle's overall design and aesthetics. They provide a neat and finished appearance to the battery compartment, contributing to the overall visual appeal of the vehicle.

Specification of Battery Terminal Cap

Material

Iron, stainless steel, brass, copper, galvanized steel, titanium, Aluminium, etc.

Surface treatment

Zinc/Nickel/Tin/Ag-Plated/Au-Plated, etc.

Type

High-Precision nonstandard parts

(OEM Service)

Process

Stamping/Punching/Pressing, CNC machining/Turning/Milling, Deep Drawing and other process.

Certificate

IATF16949 2016;I SO9001 2015; ISO14001:2015;RoHS&REACH, etc.

Usage

Automotive/ Car Thermostat, Switch, Electric Heating, Aerospace, New energy, etc.

Factors to Consider in Choosing the Right Battery Cover for Your Vehicle 

When choosing the right battery cover for your vehicle, there are several factors to consider. These factors can help ensure that the battery cover is compatible with your vehicle's specifications and provides the necessary protection and functionality. Here are some key factors to consider:

Vehicle Make and Model

Material and Construction of Battery covers

The ventilation and thermal management features of the battery cover

The level of protection and safety features provided by the battery cover

Ensure that the battery cover is easy to install and remove

Manufacturer Reputation and Warranty

Budget.

[greenport]

Oil & Gas

Automation, Instrumentation Products & Accessories

Actuators, Batteries and Power Supplies, Chromatograph, Communication Cable & Connectors, Control Valves – Butterfly, Globe etc, Controllers, Emerson Controls, Explosion Proof Enclosures, Gauges – Pressure & Temperature, Gauging – Tank, Instrumentation Cable, Kimray Controls, Level Switches, Meters, Murphy Controls, PLC's ,PC's, PAC's, & PID's, Pneumatic, Hydraulic & Electric Controls, Pressure Reliefs, Recorders, Recording Gauges, RTD's, Sensors, Solar Panels & Controllers, Thermocouples, Thermometers, Thermowells, Timers, Touch Screen Interfaces, Transmiters, Tubing fittings, Instrumentation, Valve, Needle (Instrumentation), Valve, Relief ( Pressure / Vacuum), Vertical & Horizontal Separators, VFD's, Wireless Controls, Wireless Instrumentation

Drilling, Service Rig Products & Accessories

Babbitt, Belts, Blocks, BOP's & Spares - BOP Control Parts, Brake Parts, Blocks, Screws, Nuts, Plugs, Controls and Spares, Cable, Chains, Chokes and Parts - Clutches and Spares, Compressor Spares, Centrifugal Pumps and Spares, Draw Work Spares, Electrical, Motors, Receptacles, Plugs, Ballasts, Junction Boxes, Fixtures, Circulating System Spares, Coco Mats, Drill Collars and Anchors, Drill Pipe, Electric Motors, Elevators, Explosion Proof Heaters, Filters, Fishing Tools, Handling Equipment Spares, Hoisting System Spares, King Fittings, Pipe Wipers, Power System Spares, Pressure Washers & Parts, Pumps & Parts, Rig Wash, Rod Wrenches, Rope, Rotating System Spares, Sash Cord, Shakers & Screens, Slips & Dies, Surveillance Equipment, Tally Tapes, Thread Protectors, Tongs & Dies, Weight Indicators, Well Control System Spares

Electrical Products & Accessories

Cables, Connectors & terminations, Cathodic Protection, Conduit & Fittings, Electrical Accessories, Generators, Hoses, Inverters, Motor Control Centers, Switches, Switchgear & Circuit Breakers, Transformers & Transducers, Uninterruptible Power supply SYS

Pipes, Fittings, Flanges & Accessories

Bull Plugs, Bushings, Collars, Compression Fittings, Crosses, Dismantling Joints , Elbows, Tee's, Reducer, Union, Coupling, Expansion Joints, Flanges - Weld neck, Blind, Slip on, Long Weld Neck, Spade, Spacer, Lap joint, Screwed, Spectacle and Cross over., Forged Fittings, Gaskets - Spiral Wound Gaskets, Ring Type Joint Gaskets, Camprofile Gaskets, Metal Double Jacketed Gaskets, Graphite Sheet and Gaskets, Ground Joint Unions, Hammer Unions, Hose and Grease, Nipples, Pipe Fittings – all types, Pipe Hangers , Pipes - Carbon Steel, HDPE, UPVC, Fiberglass, Brass, Copper, Stainless, Plugs, Pumps - Centrifugal, Piston, Gear, Roller, Chemical, Repair Clamp , Socket Elbows & Socket Hammer Unions, Steam Traps, Studbolts, Swages, Thread & Weld Flanges, Thread-O-Lets, Weld-O-Lets

Pipeline Products & Equipments

Beveling Machines, Corrosion Anodes, Fusion Equipment, Gaskets, General Welding Supplies, Holiday Detectors, Internal & External Line-Up Clamps, Lifting & Lowering In Equipment, Pipeline Pigs, Polyken Primer & Tape Rock Guard, Stands & Dunnage, Tracer Wire, Tractor Bending Shoes

Valves

All types of Valves & Spares, Ball Valves, Butterfly Valves, Check Valves, Chokes, Gate Valves, Globe Valves, IBOP Valves, Kelly Valves, Manifolds, Needle Valves, Plug Valves, Relief Valves, Reset Relief Valves

Wellhead Equipment & Accessories

Blowout Preventers, Heads / Spools / Adapters / Bonnets, Seals / Slips / Hangers, Wellhead Fittings, Wellhead Spares

[trailerstandard]

Trailer Connector With Spring Cable Manufacturer

Trailer connectors are popular among OEMs. If you're looking for the best connector, there are several brands you should check out, including Pollak, Leviton, and Noco. Whether you're looking for a simple stud or a full trailer adapter kit, there's a connector for you. Pollak

If you are looking for a trailer connector that includes a spring cable guard, you will want to consider the Pollak 12-800E. The spring cable guard helps protect the connector from shorting out. Other features of this trailer connector include a shock-resistant and non-corrosive interior, and unique terminal reinforcer dams. This company has earned Q1 preferred status with major automakers, including Ford and GM, and is known for its high quality and innovative designs.

This 7-way connector plug has round pin receptacles and a die-cast metal housing.7 pin abs trailer wiring manufacturer The connector is compatible with all other 7-way connectors. It also has a strain-relief spring and a vinyl insert. Its tapered design and extended lip make it easy to install and remove. Noco

The Noco Trailer Connector With Spring Cable Manufacturer has several different options for its customers. In addition to the standard plug, this connector is available with add-on springs and boots for additional seal protection. This option is especially helpful for trailers used on work sites. Another option is a Leviton straight blade connector with an outlet.

The Noco genius trailer connector is designed with ergonomics in mind. It provides the trailer with auxiliary power while preventing the cable from becoming tangled. It also features a safety latch to prevent unintended removal of the connector from the trailer. Leviton

Leviton's line of trailer connectors includes a wide range of straight blade connectors for residential, commercial and industrial applications. Their connectors are designed to withstand impacts, corrosion, and chemicals. They are made from residential-grade plastic to resist acid, grease and other substances that can damage other types of connectors.

Among their many features, trailer connectors may come with add-on springs or boots to provide seal protection and strain relief. These features are especially useful when installing trailer connectors on work trailers. Additionally, they feature solid brass housings to provide superior protection and withstand considerable shock and vibration. Noco Company Port Plug

You may need to rewire your trailer. You should use a rewiring guide to get everything right. Proper wiring will prevent your trailer's taillights from malfunctioning and will keep you safe on the road. Make sure that you use the correct color wires. White is the ground wire, and other colors vary depending on the configuration of your trailer. Travel trailers and campers typically have a 7-way plug configuration, while fifth wheels use the SAE configuration. There are different types of plugs for each type of trailer, and you should know what each plug is used for.

A 16-inch extension cord is included with this plug to provide plenty of flexibility. A convenient outlet in the back is located in the center. This outlet is perfect for battery chargers, engine block heaters, and home appliances. It requires a 2-inch hole in the vehicle's frame to install, and comes with three screws. Leviton Straight Blade

When looking for a trailer connector with spring cable, consider Leviton. They make a wide variety of straight blade trailer plugs that are suitable for both commercial and residential uses. Each plug is made of high-quality plastic that resists corrosion, oils, and grease. They also have a rubber backed plug to keep dirt and other debris from damaging the connector.

For added strain relief, trailer connectors with add-on springs and boots are available. These add-ons are particularly helpful for work trailers. Moreover, solid brass housings offer great protection from vibration and shock.

[brassbatteryterminals]

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Kamal Metal Products a leading supplier of brass battery terminals and brass electrical terminals. Find complete information on Brass Battery Terminals, Brass Electrical Terminals and Brass Turned Components from https://www.kamalmetal.in.

[precisionbrasscomponents]

Brass Pins for Plugs

Kamal Metal Product - Kamal Metal Products is a reputed manufacturer and supplier of precision brass components like brass terminal blocks and brass pins for plugs and battery terminals. For more information about brass moulding inserts and brass pins for plugs from https://www.kamalmetal.in.

[brassneutrallink-blog]

[electricalcomponents-blog]

[steelhipdesign]

SS Cicada

I don't know where I got the idea for a dirigible cicada miniature model but here we are. Falling asleep with my YouTube queue probably with videos on the recent 17 year cicada cycle followed by the use of airships during WW1 must have blended together in my subconscious. I enjoyed creating the last insect - the custom bee - I had to do another but this was too large for a piece of jewellery.

So I worked on each separate section, hoping it would all fit together in the end. That's always the scary part - will the wings fit on the body? Will the scale of everything maintain the illusion of an actual, albeit fantastical, airship once joined? Unlike very clever model scene makers I don't work with a scale ruler. As I don't fabricate or cast metal there is no real point - I'll still have to adjust a part in my collection to fit.

I started with the wings - they bring everything together and set the scale. Like the last piece - the body is a brass screw electrical terminal. The abdomen has two main parts - the high copper piece with a grill and a lower section made from a cut out earing drop I filled in with resin. The wings are also filled with resin and a very light dusting of green and gold mica.

I've been making miniature nebulas lately so that is where the glass "hot air balloon" came from. It is fitted with a vintage brass bead cap, chains, tiny brass drops and internal details. While I was searching for pieces I came across the hand blown green glass bead with a swirl pattern. I had to incorporate it but it was difficult to do so. Adding a piece to one side of a symmetrical design alters the way it hangs. The swirl on the bead is matched with the black swirled disk hanging under the balloon.

She has wrapped wire legs with metal crimps, two brass and steel "propellers" affixed to the front, one large rear flag and bunting on the secondary "balloon" tether. Everything attached is done so using screws and very rarely, glue. I have no idea how many separate components I used but it would be well over 100. I've been working on and off for a week - probably about 40 hours not including the time sourcing parts, taking photos and writing this. The rigging was a nightmare. The chain at the back, connected to a "U" shape piece is the ship's anchor.

A friend who is a genius wood worker turned some gorgeous wood bases for me. I think it's Jarrah. It has four brass legs on the bottom. The hanging mechanism consists of a filigree disk, a vintage brass corrugated bead and assortment of brass rods, copper and brass tubing and beads. The top section pulls out so it can be packed for shipping.

One final surprise. I left a hole in the body for a tiny green LED light. It is difficult to use - turning on by pushing the light into a battery. But it could be used on special occasions to show her off. The battery type is a bit exotic but available online.

I'm thinking about entering her in a local art competition before putting her up for sale. I hope you like her.

[terminalblocks123-blog]

[chiseler]

Dastardly Deeds

If you happened to find yourself wandering around New York in the late Sixties, especially if you were up near the Columbia University campus, chances are good you might have encountered the graffito “George Metesky Was Here” spray painted on walls and sidewalks and store fronts. Even if you had seen it, though, chances are equally good it made no impression. Most people who saw the cliched slogan likely thought little of it, assuming it had been left by some poor, desperate soul named George Metesky in a pathetic bid for attention.” But those people would’ve been wrong on two counts.

First, although Metesky was still alive at the time, the graffitos had been left by a radical activist named Sam Melville, not Metesky himself. And second, as pathetic and desperate as Metesky may have been, he had more important things to do than spray paint his own name on walls all over Manhattan.

Sam Melville, who detonated eight pipe bombs in government and corporate office buildings around Manhattan in 1969, is today remembered as one of the radical Left’s first  bomb makers of the late Sixties, presaging the likes of the Weathermen and the Armed Resistance Unit. He was eventually arrested, convicted, and shipped off to Attica, where he died in the 1971 uprising. Even though Metesky had no apparent interest in politics, radical Left or otherwise, he was still Melville’s hero and role model. After you learn a bit about Metesky’s story, you have to wonder why, exactly, Melville latched onto him instead of, say, an early 20th century explosives maestro like anarchist Mario Boda, but there you go.

Metesky was born in Connecticut in 1903. In his teens, he enlisted in the Marines and was shipped off to the U.S. consulate in Shanghai, where he served as an electrician. When his stint was up, he returned to the States and moved in with his two sisters in Waterbury, Connecticut. He also took a job as a mechanic with Consolidated Edison.

By 1930, Metesky had been assigned to ConEd’s Hellgate generating plant. While he was wiping down a generator one day in September of 1931, a nearby boiler exploded. Not only was Metesky blown to the ground, but he inhaled a plume of scalding, noxious gas which seared his lungs. He lay on the plant’s cement floor for hours, he said, receiving no medical assistance whatsoever. As he would later claim, breathing those industrial fumes resulted in a case of pneumonia which then developed into tuberculosis, leaving him bedridden and unable to work.

After Metesky collected six months worth of sick pay, ConEd terminated his employment. His worker’s compensation claim was denied because he’d missed the filing deadline. Three subsequent appeals of the decision were also denied, in part thanks to testimony delivered by three former co-workers, who, perhaps with some encouragement from ConEd brass, insisted Metesky’s injuries weren’t as bad as he claimed. Metesky, who was only 33 when his final appeal was denied, suddenly found himself sickly, unemployable, and very, very angry.

Five years later, it’s safe to say that everyone at ConEd had completely forgotten about George Metesky. George Metesky, however, had not forgotten about them. On the morning of November 16th, 1940, he placed a small pipe bomb inside a wooden toolbox, strolled into a ConEd substation on West 64th St. in Manhattan, and left it on a windowsill.

It was a primitive device, just a short length of brass pipe packed with gunpowder with a sugar and battery detonator. Such bombs rarely detonate as planned, which may be a moot point, as Metesky’s was discovered before anything happened. That may have been at least partially intentional, as wrapped around the bomb was a slip of paper. In a block-lettered handwriting (which would become familiar to investigators in later years) he’d written: 

“CON EDISON CROOKS – THIS IS FOR YOU.”

The would-be bomb was shrugged off by the ConEd crooks, and ignored by everyone else. The same was true nearly a year later, in September of 1941, when another bomb with a similar design was found on the sidewalk several blocks away from the Irving Place building that housed ConEd’s headquarters. There was no note, the bomb did not explode, and few gave it a thought.

Despite two duds which made no mark whatsoever on the public consciousness (let alone ConEd), Metesky apparently had a grossly inflated sense of the impact he was having. That would explain the note received by a (very confused) NYPD shortly after the U.S. entered WWII in December of 1941. Metesky, an ex-Marine, wrote in that same block lettering:

“I WILL MAKE NO MORE BOMB UNITS FOR THE DURATION OF THE WAR – MY PATRIOTIC FEELINGS HAVE MADE ME DECIDE THIS – LATER I WILL BRING THE CON EDISON TO JUSTICE – THEY WILL PAY FOR THEIR DASTARDLY DEEDS... F.P.”

The “FP” signature was a mysterious new addition, but what’s not to love about someone who, apparently in all seriousness, uses the term “dastardly deeds”? The NYPD promptly filed the letter away in their “Crank Letters from Would-Be Cartoon Villains” drawer.

Metesky meant what he said about laying low in deference to the war effort, however, waiting an entire decade before planting his next bomb, satisfying himself in the interim by sending angry notes in ALL CAPS to ConEd and the cops. When he did finally get around to planting bombs again in 1951, two things had changed. First, his designs had grown slightly more sophisticated, meaning this next generation of pipe bombs actually exploded most of the time. And second, although at heart ConEd was still his target, the actual placement of the bombs had become decidedly more random. Also, whether it was intentional or the result of an increasingly unstable Metesky merely losing track, throughout the 1950s he bombed several buildings multiple times.

In March of 1951, the first of Metesky’s pipe bombs to actually detonate was dropped in a trash can outside the Grand Central Oyster Bar on the first level of Grand Central Station. No one was injured. About three weeks later he blew up a phone booth in the New York Public Library, followed by another phone booth in Grand Central.

Between 1951 and 1956, he blew up several phone booths, bathrooms, storage lockers and trash cans. He left bombs in the subway, the RCA building, Macy’s, and several movie theaters. He hit the New York Public Library twice, Grand Central five times, Radio City three times, the Port Authority twice, and Penn Station five times. He also finally got one inside ConEd headquarters, and tried mailing another to his nemesis, though it turned out to be a dud. 

In most cases he would place a warning call to the targeted building in question, letting them know there was a bomb on the premises so the building could be evacuated. Considering the minimal damage his bombs generally caused, it’s also conceivable he made the warning calls to let people in the targeted buildings know the loud “bang” they thought they heard in the bathroom was in fact a terrorist attack.

Sadly for Metesky, despite all his hard work the NYPD dismissed his reign of terror as merely the work of juvenile delinquent pranksters. The press didn’t treat him any better, if they took any notice at all. These were, after all, very small pipe bombs.

Perhaps out of frustration, in October of 1951 he mailed a letter to the New York Herald Tribune which read:

“BOMBS WILL CONTINUE UNTIL THE CONSOLIDATED EDISON COMPANY IS BROUGHT TO JUSTICE FOR THEIR DASTARDLY ACTS AGAINST ME. I HAVE EXHAUSTED ALL OTHER MEANS. I INTEND WITH BOMBS TO CAUSE OTHERS TO CRY OUT FOR JUSTICE FOR ME.”

You do have to feel sorry for Medesky. After being fucked over by ConEd, and after learning all the usual channels of redress were stacked against him, he was forced to take drastic measures. But try as he might, even then he was ignored. He was nobody. All he wanted was a little attention, for someone to listen to his gripe. He clearly wasn’t out to hurt people—he just wanted a little justice. You can sense his growing aggravation in a follow-up letter to the Herald Tribune, which arrived in late December:

“HAVE YOU NOTICED THE BOMBS IN YOUR CITY – IF YOU ARE WORRIED, I AM SORRY – AND ALSO IF ANYONE IS INJURED. BUT IT CANNOT BE HELPED – FOR JUSTICE WILL BE SERVED. I AM NOT WELL, AND FOR THIS I WILL MAKE THE CON EDISON SORRY – YES, THEY WILL REGRET THEIR DASTARDLY DEEDS – I WILL BRING THEM BEFORE THE BAR OF JUSTICE – PUBLIC OPINION WILL CONDEMN THEM – FOR BEWARE, I WILL PLACE MORE UNITS UNDER THEATER SEATS IN THE NEAR FUTURE. F.P.”

Finally, the NYPD and others began putting the pieces together. Yes, as a matter of fact, there had been more bombings than usual in the city these past months, hadn’t there? And if these letters were any proof, the man responsible was completely bonkers. Sounds like he has some kind of beef with ConEd, but hey, who doesn’t?

Still, it says something that in November of 1954, a bomb Metesky had sewn into the cushion of a seat in Radio City Music Hall exploded as a sold out house of over 6,000 people watched a screening of White Christmas. Three people sitting near the seat in question were mildly injured and taken to the first aid station, 50 other people in the immediate vicinity were asked to move to different seats, and the rest were allowed to continue enjoying the film and the state show that followed. Only after the audience filed out an hour and a half later did cops move in to start collecting evidence. Bombs had been going off all over Manhattan for three years, but they were still being treated like backfiring cars or manhole fires.

It was only in 1956, after an elderly bathroom attendant at Penn Station and an audience member at the Paramount theater in Brooklyn were seriously injured that Metesky’s bombing campaign finally received the kind of banner headlines he’d been after. After years of trying, he’d finally been recognized in the tabloids as “The Mad Bomber.” 

Suddenly under pressure from newspapers and the public, NYPD captain John Cronin publicly announced, perhaps tongue-in cheek, that he was launching “the largest manhunt the city’s police department had ever undertaken” to capture the Mad Bomber. He even created the NYPD’s first Bomb Investigation unit.

Although none of the hundreds of officers working the case were able to come up with a single solid clue, the campaign did have one immediate effect. Suddenly people all over the city began turning in neighbors and co-workers they felt had been behaving strangely. And the number of delusional types anxious to take credit for the bombing spree jumped precipitously. The cops found they were spending far more time and manpower fending off the cranks and crackpots than they were actually trying to find the bomber.

Essentially on a whim given nothing else was happening, Cronin contacted the assistant commissioner of the New York State Commission for Mental Hygiene, James A. Brussel, and asked if he had any ideas. Brussel, a psychiatrist and criminologist, agreed to take a look at the evidence to see what he could glean. Apart from the obvious—that the bomber was a paranoid with a serious gripe against ConEd—he also produced what is considered among the first )non-fictional) examples of criminal profiling.

Brussel came up with a 13-point list of attributes investigators should be looking for in a suspect, which in retrospect turned out to be surprisingly accurate. The bomber, he said, would likely be a male in his forties. He’d be of medium build, a good and meticulous worker, probably of Slavic origin. He was likely a loner with no wife, not much interest in women, living in Connecticut with an older sister. He was on the arrogant side, and probably didn’t respond well to criticism. And oh, when he was arrested he would likely be wearing a buttoned double-breasted suit.

(It’s unclear how he came up with that last one.)

At Brussels suggestion, the NYPD distributed the profile to all the local papers, asking them to give it a big push. The thinking was, if there was anything in the profile Brussel got horribly wrong, the Mad Bomber, being an arrogant paranoid, would feel compelled to step forward to insist on a correction.  So on Christmas Day, 1956, the profile was plastered across the front pages of every paper in town.

The next day, the New York Journal-American (in cooperation with the cops) took it a step further, running a front-page plea directly to the Mad Bomber, asking that he turn himself in, promising not only that he’d get a fair trial, but that the paper would publish his side of the story.

The ploy worked about as well as could’ve been hoped. The very next day, December 27th, Metesky’s response arrived at the Journal-American’s offices:

“My days on earth are numbered – most of my adult life has been spent in bed – my one consolation is – that I can strike back – even from my grave – for the dastardly acts against me.”

He also included a detailed list of all the places he’d planted bombs thus far (some of which hadn’t been found yet), and stated he had no intention of giving himself up. The note, as usual, was signed “FP.”

Now that they had him on the hook, the cops and the Journal-American decided to play him a little. They ran his letter along with another plea that he explain a bit more clearly how his beef with ConEd arose.

Unable to resist now that he finally had an audience, Metesky immediately wrote back, explaining he’d been left permanently disabled because of a workplace injury while employed by ConEd, and that they’d refused his worker’s compensation claim.

“When a motorist injures a dog – he must report it – not so with an injured workman – he rates less than a dog – I tried to get my story to the press – I tried hundreds of others – I typed tens of thousands of words (about 800,000) – nobody cared – [...] – I determined to make these dastardly acts known – I have had plenty of time to think – I decided on bombs.”

A quarter century after the fact, having finally found an audience eager to hear his story, Medesky couldn’t stop himself, and penned yet another letter. He wrote at length about the circumstances surrounding his injury and his fight for worker’s comp, including the exact date the accident took place. The letter contained pretty much every bit of information any detective worth a damn would need, save for Metesky’s full name and a map to his house.

Well, despite ConEd’s best efforts to block access to their employment files, a clerk named Alice Kelly took it upon herself to do a little digging through the worker’s comp cases, eventually stumbling upon Metesky’s file, which had been clearly labeled “permanently disabled.” The real tip-off, though, were the letters from Metesky included in the file, many of which used the term “dastardly deeds.”

Around midnight on January 21st, 1957, a group of NYPD  and Waterbury officers showed up on Metesky’s front step. He seemed to have been expecting them. He let them in, answered their questions, gave them a writing sample, showed them his workshop and all his bomb making tools, and explained that “FP” stood for “Fair Play.” When the officers sent him upstairs to get dressed for the drive to the station where he’d be booked, Metesky—and you saw this coming—returned a few minutes later in a buttoned-down double-breasted suit.

Over the course of seventeen years, Metesky planted 33 bombs around New York, 22 of which detonated. A handful of people were injured, but no one was killed. Given his motivation, you have to believe he was looking foerrward to a trial in which he’d be able to air his grievances with ConEd in a public forum that would undoubtedly receive a mountain of press coverage. And looking back now, you have to believe both the press and a jury would be sympathetic to the poor schlub’s plight. No doubt ConEd realized this too.

Before the proceedings got underway in the spring of 1957, though, a judge declared Metesky legally insane and unfit to stand trial. So there went his public forum. On April 18th, 1957, Medesky was remanded to the Matteawan Hospital for the Criminally Insane. Given the state of his health, it was expected he wouldn’t last six months.

In December, 1973, having been determined to no longer be a threat to anyone, the still very much alive 70-year-old Metesky was released. He returned home to Waterbury, where he lived a quiet life until his death in 1994 at age 90. 

While he was institutionalized, the Journal-American retained a worker’s compensation attorney in an attempt to get Metesky’s claim re-opened. The hope was they might be able to force ConEd to cough up the decades worth of back pay Metesky was owed. The appeal was denied.

by Jim Knipfel

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