#AmmoniumNitrate

[chemanalyst]

Unlocking Ammonium Nitrate's Production and Versatile Uses

Ammonium Nitrate (NH₄NO₃) often brings to mind the sight of a lush green field and a bountiful harvest. However, this everyday white crystal holds a hidden double nature. Although it is an essential fertilizer for agriculture, Ammonium Nitrate has a secret weapon - it is also the main ingredient in most explosives! Let's discover the incredible world of Ammonium Nitrate, and how it is used in agriculture, industry and the scientific miracles of rocket propulsion. Additionally, we'll explore the safety measures which should be taken when working with this multi-faceted and, at the same time, dangerous substance. Hence, be ready for an exciting ride (safely, of course) as we uncover the science of this awesome molecule!

Ammonium Nitrate's journey from wartime necessity to agricultural hero began in the 1940s. Back then, large-scale production boomed to meet the demands of munitions. However, after World War II, this powerful compound was repurposed for a more peaceful role – as a readily available fertilizer for farms. The production process itself is fairly straightforward: ammonia gas and nitric acid get together in a fiery reaction to form a concentrated Ammonium Nitrate solution.

Introduction

Ammonium Nitrate, a white crystalline salt compound represented by the chemical formula NH₄NO₃, is produced through the reaction of nitric acid and ammonia. Following synthesis, the resulting solution undergoes concentration to achieve a level of 97.5-98% in a final concentrator. This concentrated solution is then directed to a prilling tower, with a portion diverted to a slurry tank. In the slurry tank, fillers are introduced, followed by the release of Ammonium Nitrate solution, and subsequent adjustment of its moisture content. Ammonium Nitrate exhibits hygroscopic properties, readily dissolving in water. Renowned as a nitrogen source, it contains both nitrate and ammonium, boasting high nutritional value. Consequently, it finds widespread application as a fertilizer, often blended with other fertilizers. It offers plants a rapid supply of nitrate, catering to their nutritional requirements. Moreover, its compatibility with nitrogen fertilizers enhances their effectiveness and longevity, thereby benefiting plant growth. Beyond agriculture, Ammonium Nitrate serves as a pivotal component in various mining explosives. When combined with fuel oil and dispersed via an explosive charge, it facilitates mining operations effectively.

Manufacturing Process

Ammonium Nitrate, chemical formula NH4NO3, derives from the combination of ammonia and nitric acid, serving widespread purposes in fertilizers and explosives. The following figure depicts the chemical reaction between ammonia and nitric acid yielding Ammonium Nitrate:

Through the synthesis of nitrogen from the atmosphere with hydrogen derived through steam reforming of coal or natural gas, ammonia emerged as a pivotal chemical compound. Subsequently, ammonia can be oxidized into nitric acid by catalytic oxidation with air over a hot platinum catalyst. This process yields the production of Ammonium Nitrate with the chemical formula NH4NO3. The amalgamation of hot ammonia and nitric acid ensues in a neutralization reaction.

Following dehydration, the resulting molten salt is directed into a spray tower, where descending droplets coalesce into tablet-sized masses referred to as cylindrical tablets. The density of these tablets can be regulated, with denser material earmarked for fertilizer use and lighter, more porous material destined for the explosives industry. Given its pronounced moisture-absorbing properties, Ammonium Nitrate is typically coated with a moisture-proof layer during production. The following figure illustrates a simplified diagram delineating the Ammonium Nitrate production process.

Prilling and granulation represent the predominant methods employed in the production of solid Ammonium Nitrate. Prills are manufactured by directing a concentrated melt into the top of a prill tower, where droplets of Ammonium Nitrate descend against a rising airstream. This airflow serves to cool and solidify the droplets, forming spherical prills. The density of prills can be adjusted by varying the concentration of the Ammonium Nitrate melt.

Prills with lower density, typically ranging around 1.29 specific gravity, are crafted from melts containing 95 to 97.5 percent Ammonium Nitrate. Conversely, prills with higher density, approximately 1.65 specific gravity, are derived from melts containing 99.5 to 99.8 percent Ammonium Nitrate. The porous nature of low-density prills makes them suitable for producing blasting agents, as they readily absorb oil. In contrast, most high-density prills are utilized as fertilizers.

Granules are created in rotary drum granulators by spraying a concentrated melt of Ammonium Nitrate (ranging from 99.0 to 99.8 percent) onto small seed particles within a lengthy rotating cylindrical drum. As these seed particles rotate, successive layers of Ammonium Nitrate are deposited, forming the granules. After exiting the granulator, the granules undergo screening. Any oversized granules are crushed and either recycled to the granulator to replenish the seed particles or dissolved and returned to the solution process. Pan granulators function similarly to drum granulators, though the solids are shaped within a large rotating circular pan, yielding a product with similar physical properties to drum granules.

While less common, additives like magnesium nitrate or magnesium oxide may be injected directly into the melt stream. These additives serve three purposes: increasing the crystalline transition temperature of the final product, acting as a desiccant to reduce caking by drawing water into the product, and enabling solidification at lower temperatures by lowering the freezing point of molten Ammonium Nitrate.

The temperature of the Ammonium Nitrate product leaving the solids formation process typically ranges from approximately 66 to 124°C. Cooling, achieved through rotary drum or fluidized bed methods, prevents deterioration and agglomeration of solids before storage and shipping. Low-density prills, which have higher moisture content due to lower melt concentration, require drying in rotary drums or fluidized beds before cooling.

Since the solids vary in size, they undergo screening to ensure consistent prill or granule sizes. Cooled prills undergo screening, and any offsize prills are dissolved and recycled. Granules are also screened before cooling. Undersized particles are returned directly to the granulator, while oversized granules may be crushed and recycled or sent to the solution concentration process.

Following screening, products may be coated in a rotary drum to prevent agglomeration during storage and shipping.

Applications of Ammonium Nitrate

Fertilizers

Ammonium Nitrate is a vital component of fertilizers due to its dual nitrogen supply, comprising nitrate and ammonium ions, essential for plant growth. Its soluble nature allows efficient root uptake, while its hygroscopic properties prevent nutrient loss through leaching. This compound provides plants with immediate and sustained nitrogen, crucial for various metabolic processes. Its compatibility with other fertilizers enables customized formulations, enhancing crop yields and promoting healthy plant development. Beyond agriculture, Ammonium Nitrate is also used in explosives, where it's combined with fuel oil to facilitate mining operations effectively.

Explosives

Ammonium Nitrate is applied in explosives because of its highly exothermic property when it is combined with specific substances such as fuel oil. This compound acts as an oxidizing agent, where a large amount of energy is released in the form of detonation. When blended with diesel oil in precise ratios, it becomes a powerful explosive mixture known as ANFO (Ammonium Nitrate/Fuel Oil). This mixture is commonly used in mining, quarrying, and construction industries for breaking rock and soil. Its low cost, high stability, and ease of handling make it the preferred choice for explosive applications, where it is used for dispersing by the detonation to facilitate excavation and demolition tasks. Ammonium Nitrate finds extensive application as an explosive in both the mining sector and construction sites.

Market Outlook

Ammonium Nitrate demand is mostly driven by the agricultural industry. In particular, fertilizers are key to improving plant growth by providing the necessary nutrients and disease resistance in agriculture. Various types of fertilizers including soluble, dry crystalline and time-release kinds, are available to fit different agricultural requirements. Ammonium Nitrate, the most popular fertilizer in agriculture, is the main nitrogen carrier used by plants. It is a source of both instantaneous and enduring nitrogen supply, where the roots are able to absorb the ammonium component while the nitrate fraction is being converted by soil microbes. ANFO (Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil) constitutes roughly 94% porous Ammonium Nitrate, forming a widely utilized industrial explosive blend prevalent in mining operations, notably in coal and metal extraction. The escalating global mining endeavors aimed at sourcing metals and coal for utilization across multiple sectors including metallurgy and energy are poised to augment the need for Ammonium Nitrate in the foreseeable future.

Ammonium Nitrate Major Global Players

Major players in the Global Ammonium Nitrate market are CF Industries Holdings, Inc., Acron Group’s Mineral Fertiliser, EuroChem Group AG, Uralchem JSC, Nitratos del Peru, Abu Qir Fertilizer, PhosAgro, Fertiberia SA, Deepak Fertilisers And Petrochemicals Corporation Limited, Agroplychim AD, and Others.

Conclusion:

In a nutshell, Ammonium Nitrate is a compound with multiple applications that are both agricultural and industrial. At the same time, this essential element of fertilizers creates a dual nitrogen supply which promotes vigorous plant growth and crop yields. Its solubility and compatibility with other nutrients made it a vital part of farming practices all over the world. Ammonium Nitrate is a key ingredient in ANFO, a type of explosive used extensively in mining. The increasing demand for metals like alumina, iron, and diamonds is expected to drive up the need for blasting materials, which will in turn boost the market for Ammonium Nitrate.

[frnwhcom]

April 16, 1947, marks one of the darkest days in American industrial history – the Texas City disaster. This catastrophic event, which occurred in the bustling port of Texas City, Texas, stands as a somber reminder of the potential dangers in industrial operations and the importance of safety regulations. The Fateful Day The disaster unfolded…

[leadendeath]

*types in “what is anfo” to the search engine* …*types in very quickly after “don't worry i was just looking at mythbusters”*

[chemplusagro]

Urea and AN: A typical formula for comparing nitrogen units is Urea Price / 46 (N content of Urea) x 34 (N content of AN) plus 10%.

Now, let’s briefly explore why AN has this 10% premium over urea.

Urea and AN share similarities: they are granular nitrogen fertilisers, highly soluble in water. However, I would rather focus this post on their differences.

AN’s formula is NH₄NO₃, and it contains around 33-34% nitrogen, divided between ammonium (NH₄⁺) and nitrate (NO₃⁻) forms.

Upon application, urea first needs to undergo hydrolysis, a process where the enzyme urease converts it into ammonium (NH₄⁺) and carbon dioxide (CO₂). This process can lead to nitrogen loss through volatilisation, as we discussed yesterday, especially if the urea is not promptly incorporated into the soil. In contrast, AN provides nitrogen in two forms: ammonium (NH₄⁺), which is slowly absorbed by plants and remains in the soil longer, and nitrate (NO₃⁻), which is readily available for immediate plant uptake. This dual availability makes ammonium nitrate more efficient in providing a consistent nitrogen supply. The lower risk of volatilisation makes AN a more stable nitrogen source in environments where immediate incorporation into the soil is challenging.

This is where the famous 10% premium comes from. But we all know that transporting, handling, and storing AN is a real pain in the neck due to obvious reasons. AN falls under the IMO 5.1 dangerous goods class, and in some countries, you even need a so-called “military licence” to import AN.

Shall we discuss how producers try to bypass AN restrictions?

#urea#ammoniumnitrate#application#fertilizers#fertilisers#market#agriculture#imstory

@info from Ilya Motorygin

[lethimfertilise]

Urea and AN: A typical formula for comparing nitrogen units is Urea Price / 46 (N content of Urea) x 34 (N content of AN) plus 10%.

Now, let’s briefly explore why AN has this 10% premium over urea.

Urea and AN share similarities: they are granular nitrogen fertilisers, highly soluble in water. However, I would rather focus this post on their differences.

AN’s formula is NH₄NO₃, and it contains around 33-34% nitrogen, divided between ammonium (NH₄⁺) and nitrate (NO₃⁻) forms.

Upon application, urea first needs to undergo hydrolysis, a process where the enzyme urease converts it into ammonium (NH₄⁺) and carbon dioxide (CO₂). This process can lead to nitrogen loss through volatilisation, as we discussed yesterday, especially if the urea is not promptly incorporated into the soil. In contrast, AN provides nitrogen in two forms: ammonium (NH₄⁺), which is slowly absorbed by plants and remains in the soil longer, and nitrate (NO₃⁻), which is readily available for immediate plant uptake. This dual availability makes ammonium nitrate more efficient in providing a consistent nitrogen supply. The lower risk of volatilisation makes AN a more stable nitrogen source in environments where immediate incorporation into the soil is challenging.

This is where the famous 10% premium comes from. But we all know that transporting, handling, and storing AN is a real pain in the neck due to obvious reasons. AN falls under the IMO 5.1 dangerous goods class, and in some countries, you even need a so-called “military licence” to import AN.

Shall we discuss how producers try to bypass AN restrictions?

#urea #ammoniumnitrate #application #fertilizers #fertilisers #market #agriculture #imstory 

[namsuenterprise]

Hydrochloric Acid 33 %min and sulphur granular.  #hydrochloricacid #sulphur #hydrochloric #sulphurgranular #SulphuricAcid #sulfuric #sulfur #ammoniumnitrate

[covidimpact]

Ammonium Nitrate Market | Global Industry Trends, Segmentation, Business Opportunities & Forecast To 2026

The Ammonium Nitrate Market 2020 research report gives emerging industry data, global segments and regional outlook. This report covers up all details such as size, share, value, growth, restraints, and opportunities for the year 2019 to 2026. The report generated using various analysis tools like porter’s five forces model, market attractiveness and value chain. The report gives comprehensive review of the global market helping to club revenue generation and profitable business to transform client’s success.

The research report also covers the comprehensive profiles of the key players in the market and an in-depth view of the competitive landscape worldwide. The major players in the ammonium nitrate market include Yara International ASA, Orica Limited, Enaex S.A, CF Industries Holdings, Inc, Incitec Pivot Limited, Neochim Ad, Austin Powder International, EuroChem Group AG, OSTCHEM Holding Company, Fertiberia SA, Borealis.S. This section includes a holistic view of the competitive landscape that includes various strategic developments such as key mergers & acquisitions, future capacities, partnerships, financial overviews, collaborations, new product developments, new product launches, and other developments.

Get more information on "Global Ammonium Nitrate Market Research Report" by requesting FREE Sample Copy at https://www.valuemarketresearch.com/contact/ammonium-nitrate-market/download-sample

Market Dynamics

Acquiring popularity and utilization of ammonium nitrate as a fertilizer and blasting agent is likely to significantly drive the revenue growth of ammonium nitrate market. Rising demand from agriculture industry for improving soil’s nitrogen content, thus profiting in farming economy is expected to drive the demand and supply of ammonium nitrate. Ammonium nitrate has been gaining noteworthy traction across the sports industry for treating first aid injuries as the products contains heat absorption and pain alleviation properties. Medical industry is likely to create profitable growth opportunities for ammonium nitrate market with rising need for manufacturing nitrous oxide benefitting medications. However, surging consumption of urea owing to its low production cost and comparatively less harmful handling ways is expected to hinder the growth of ammonium nitrate market. The report covers Porter’s Five Forces Model, Market Attractiveness Analysis and Value Chain analysis. These tools help to get a clear picture of the industry’s structure and evaluate the competition attractiveness at a global level. Additionally, these tools also give inclusive assessment of each segment in the global market of ammonium nitrate.

Browse Global Ammonium Nitrate Market Research Report with detailed TOC at https://www.valuemarketresearch.com/report/ammonium-nitrate-market

Market Segmentation

The report segments the ammonium nitrate market and analyses it with respect to the geography, intending to keep the marketer informed and help them identify the target demographics for the product or service. By Application Industry

Explosives

Agriculture

Others

By End-Use

Nitrous     Oxide Manufacture

Military     Explosives

Commercial     and Civilian Explosives and Blasting Agents

Fertilizers

Regional Analysis

This section covers regional segmentation which accentuates on current and future demand for aerosol valve market across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa. Further, the report focuses on demand for individual application segment across all the prominent regions.

Purchase Complete Global Ammonium Nitrate Market Research Report at https://www.valuemarketresearch.com/contact/ammonium-nitrate-market/buy-now

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[indian-news-network]

Just after a month of Lebanon explosion a huge fire has emerged in the same spot. Fire department & rescue teams are trying to control the fire. The reason of the fire is still unkown. The Beirut blast took nearly 190 lives on August-04. #BeirutExplosion #Fire #Lebanon #beirut #BeirutExplosions #beirutfire #fireinlebanon #Lebanon #ammoniumnitrate #fire https://www.instagram.com/p/CE9IxtfpSnW/?igshid=117651i3ohwp9

[chemsir-talking-chemistry]

[M.C. Challenge] What is the chemical formula of ammonium nitrate? A. NH₃NO₂ B. NH₃NO₃ C. NH₄NO₂ D. NH₄NO₃ 🤔 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 👍Please like, comment and share @chemsir.talking.chemistry and tag your friends. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 👉Follow @chemsir.talking.chemistry and @chemsir_lee_wai_hon for more chemistry materials. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 🙏🏻Thank you for your support. Wish you enjoy the page! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ #ChemsirTalkingChemistry #chem #chemistry #science #ChemsirMCChallenge #ChemicalFormula #explosion #explosive #AmmoniumNitrate #Lebanon #Beirut #Beirut_Lebanon #2021dse #2022dse #hkdse #dse #dse2021 #dse2022 #Chemsir同你講化學 #化學 #科學 #爆炸 #爆炸性 #硝酸銨 #爆炸品 #危險品 #黎巴嫩 #貝魯特 #化學式 #Chemsir https://www.instagram.com/p/CDnvR17B4mO/?igshid=1xd6xapjf0ka6

[bgpromotionsinc]

#PrayingforLebanon #PrayingforBeirut #Repost @scool.in_ • • scool.in_ The size of the explosion that ripped through the port in the Lebanese capital Beirut has shocked the world. Some 300,000 people have been left homeless, at least 137 were killed and thousands have been injured. But what really caused it was the biggest mystery. Some even speculated it to be a nuclear explosion. But, investigation is underway and authorities have revealed that it was caused by 2,750 of combustible chemical that had been stored on the port for 6 years. What was this chemical and how did it end up on Beirut's port? While Beirut is still grappling from the aftereffects of this tragedy, India too is facing the same danger. #Beirutexplosion #Lebanon #Lebanonunrest #India#Chennai #PrayforLebanon #PrayforBeirut #ammoniumnitrate #scool #scoolgeeks #ThruMeTheySeeYou https://www.instagram.com/p/CDlcyCNFCVk/?igshid=tu837tkblyqi

[thefreecloset]

Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) is basically a salt used as a fertilizer in agriculture, but if it is combined with fuel oils, it becomes highly explosive being used widely by the construction and the mining industries. This very fact is being heavily suspected to have happened causing the disastrous explosion in the history of Beirut. On reaction with other specific substances, ammonium nitrate actually releases oxygen and helps the burning process vigorously.

[myvq]

#Beirut - "The aftermath of what was initially being dubbed as a fireworks accident, has now been blamed on 2750 tonnes of #AmmoniumNitrate stored at the port. Ammonium nitrate is mostly utilized in fertilizers. It has an RE factor of 1/0.74 compared to TNT. Meaning the explosion likely had a yield of 2 kilotons TNT equivalent, effectively the yield of a tactical #nuclear warhead." https://www.instagram.com/p/CDhCz_MjZVY/?igshid=1inb0ycsnyccl

[tomwoodwardvideos]

🧨 💣 Up at work a few moths ago a storm and resulting slip brought down a huge tree across the track. I finally got rid of it today with about 13kg of ammonium nitrate/ANFO and a bit of power gel. I ended up doing 2 blasts because I wanted to save explosives so didn’t pack in as much as I might otherwise have done in the first shot. One of the main problems of being in such a remote location is the logistics of getting in supplies by helicopters 🚁 that don’t always fly because of the weather. . . #explosives #explosion #blasting #anfo #work #backcountry #ammoniumnitrate #trailbuilding (at Southern Alps) https://www.instagram.com/p/B4J6-YbAVcu/?igshid=1f8d8ay4vsmc

[sixty4rainy]

Infra red camera tells everything . . . . . . . #lebanon #lebanon🇱🇧 #prayforlebanon #prayforpeace #wartime #warzone #warriors #timeforwar #ingodwetrust #allahuakbar #nuclearpower #propaganda #togetherwearestronger #unity #oneunitedpower #undergod #infraredcamera #infrared #evidence #ammoniumnitrate #camoflauge #armageddon #missile #longrange https://www.instagram.com/p/CDolv88FZ2K/?igshid=ztq5urzebtfq

[famousobservationbouquetme]

Ammonium Nitrate Market 2018: Research, Competitor Strategy, Industry Trends and Forecast to 2023

Ammonium Nitrate is composed of nitrite salt of the ammonium cation that offers excellent solubility, stability, and pH value. The Global Ammonium Nitrate Market has been driven by the range of its application in various sectors such as fertilizers, explosives, and others. Moreover, the growing demand for the product in end-use industries such as mining, agriculture, defense, and others is projected to drive the market over the forecast period.

Market Segmentation

The Global Ammonium Nitrate Market is segregated into application and end-use. On the basis of the application, the market is further categorized into fertilizers, explosives, and other segments. On the basis of the end-use, the market is classified as agriculture, mining, defense, and others.

Market Scenario

The fertilizers are the leading application used in the market and are anticipated to observe a rapid progress due to its growth in industrial applications such as the production of crops, fruits, and others. Moreover, its fine size and water solubility are some of the other properties offered by the product in the industry.

The agriculture is the leading end-use in the market and anticipated to observe a rapid growth due to boundless consumption of the product in organic nutrients, and others. Moreover, the growing demand for the product is expected to witness a rapid growth in the sector due to extensive consumption of Ammonium Nitrate in end-use industries.

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Competitive Analysis

Some of the major players functioning in the Global Ammonium Nitrate Market are Orica (Australia), Incitec Pivot Limited (Australia), Neochim Plc. (Bulgaria), URALCHEM JSC (Russia), SAN Corp (Philippines), CF Industries Holdings, Inc. (the Netherlands), EuroChem Group AG (Switzerland), Austin Powder (U.S.), Vijay Gas Industry Pvt. Ltd. (India), and OSTCHEM (Austria) among others.

Regional Analysis

The Global Ammonium Nitrate Market is spanned across five key regions: Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East & Africa. Among these, Asia Pacific holds the major portion of the global market and is anticipated to continue its dominance due to the rising demand for ammonium nitrate in various applications. Countries such as China, Japan, and India are the major players in this region. The North America region is estimated to witness a rapid growth in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico owing to growing consumption in gun powder, and in the production of explosive devices such as grenades, bombs, fuel oil, and others. Moreover, the extensive use of the product in manufacturing daisy cutter bombs is set to drive the market during the forecast period. The growing innovation in research & development activities and technological advancement have driven the manufacturers to use the product in the end-use industries. Owing to these factors, the market is likely to witness a positive growth in Germany, the U.K, and Italy.

The Middle East & Africa is estimated to observe a significant growth due to increasing consumption of fertilizers in agriculture, mining, and others. Additionally, the increasing demand for Ammonium Nitrate in major industries is projected to boost the market in the Latin American region.

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