#5 diseases caused by fungi

[afeelgoodblog]

The Best News of Last Year - 2023 Edition

Welcome to our special edition newsletter recapping the best news from the past year. I've picked one highlight from each month to give you a snapshot of 2023. No frills, just straightforward news that mattered. Let's relive the good stuff that made our year shine.

January - London: Girl with incurable cancer recovers after pioneering treatment

A girl’s incurable cancer has been cleared from her body after what scientists have described as the most sophisticated cell engineering to date.

2. February - Utah legislature unanimously passes ban on LGBTQ conversion therapy

The Utah State Legislature has unanimously approved a bill that enshrines into law a ban on LGBTQ conversion therapy.

3. March - First vaccine for honeybees could save billions

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) has approved the world’s first-ever vaccine intended to address the global decline of honeybees. It will help protect honeybees from American foulbrood, a contagious bacterial disease which can destroy entire colonies.

4. April - Fungi discovered that can eat plastic in just 140 days

Australian scientists have successfully used backyard mould to break down one of the world's most stubborn plastics — a discovery they hope could ease the burden of the global recycling crisis within years. 

5. May - Ocean Cleanup removes 200,000th kilogram of plastic from the Pacific Ocean

The Dutch offshore restoration project, Ocean Cleanup, says it has reached a milestone. The organization's plastic catching efforts have now fished more than 200,000 kilograms of plastic out of the Pacific Ocean, Ocean Cleanup said on Twitter.

6. June - U.S. judge blocks Florida ban on care for trans minors in narrow ruling, says ‘gender identity is real’

A federal judge temporarily blocked portions of a new Florida law that bans transgender minors from receiving puberty blockers, ruling Tuesday that the state has no rational basis for denying patients treatment.

7. July - World’s largest Phosphate deposit discovered in Norway

A massive underground deposit of high-grade phosphate rock in Norway, pitched as the world’s largest, is big enough to satisfy world demand for fertilisers, solar panels and electric car batteries over the next 50 years, according to the company exploiting the resource.

8. August - Successful room temperature ambient-pressure magnetic levitation of LK-99

If the claim by Sukbae Lee and Ji-Hoon Kim of South Korea’s Quantum Energy Research Centre holds up, the material could usher in all sorts of technological marvels, such as levitating vehicles and perfectly efficient electrical grids.

9. September - World’s 1st drug to regrow teeth enters clinical trials

The ability to regrow your own teeth could be just around the corner. A team of scientists, led by a Japanese pharmaceutical startup, are getting set to start human trials on a new drug that has successfully grown new teeth in animal test subjects.

10. October - Nobel Prize goes to scientists behind mRNA Covid vaccines

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to a pair of scientists who developed the technology that led to the mRNA Covid vaccines. Professors Katalin Kariko and Drew Weissman will share the prize.

11. November - No cases of cancer caused by HPV in Norwegian 25-year olds, the first cohort to be mass vaccinated for HPV.

Last year there were zero cases of cervical cancer in the group that was vaccinated in 2009 against the HPV virus, which can cause the cancer in women.

12. December - President Biden announces he’s pardoning all convictions of federal marijuana possession

President Joe Biden announced Friday he's issuing a federal pardon to every American who has used marijuana in the past, including those who were never arrested or prosecuted.

------

And there you have it – a year's worth of uplifting news! I hope these positive stories brought a bit of joy to your inbox. As I wrap up this special edition, I want to thank all my supporters!

Buy me a coffee ❤️

Merry Christmas and Happy New Year!

[turtlesandfrogs]

So on dendryte's suggestion, I read a paper called "Feed your friends: do plant exudates shape the root microbiome?", and it is awesome and filled with ideas that were new to me, and all in all was very exciting. Like, I didn't even know about/remember border cells, and they apparently do a whole lot! I'm back from work now, so now I'm going to share the Questions I have, and am going to spend the weekend looking for sources on:

1. As crop rotation was developed for a tilled, monoculture system as a way to address the disease issues that pop up in such a system, is crop rotation actually beneficial in a no-till, truly polyculture setting where care is taken to support mycorrhizae?

As we know know that plants alter the population of bacteria in the soil, and that these population compositions differ between plant species, is it possible that there might be some benefits to planting the same crop in the same location if you're not disrupting microbe populations through tilling?

2. Since we know that applications of nitrogen can cause plants to kick out their symbiotic fungal partners, increasing their vulnerability to pathogenic fungi & drought, might it be better to place fertilizer outside of the root zone so as to force the plant to use the mycelium to get at it?

How far can mycorrhizal networks transport mineral nutrients? Are they capable of transporting all the mineral nutrients plants need? In other words, can I make a compost pile in the middle of the garden and be lazy and depend on the fungal network to distribute the goods?

3. How deep can fungal hyphe go? In other words, in areas with shallow wells, and thus fairly shallow water tables, can we encourage mycorrhizae enough to be able to depend on them for irrigation?

4. For folks on city water, does the chlorine effect plants' microbiome both above and below ground?

5. When do plants start producing exudates? If you had soil from around actively growing plants of the same species you're sowing, could the bacteria and fungi play a role in early seedling vigor & health?

6. Has anyone directly compared the micronutrient profiles of the same crop grown in organic but tilled settings against those grown in no-till, mycorrhizae-friendly settings?

7. Since we know that larger molecules, such as sugar, can be transported across fungal networks between different species (Suzanne Simard is where I first food this info) , have we checked for other compounds created by plants? Say, compounds used by plants to protect against insect herbivory?

8. Since we know blueberries use ericoid mycorrhizae rather than endo- or ectomycorrhizae (which are the two types used by most plants), but gaultheria (salal & winter green) use both ericoid & ectomycorrhizae, and alder uses both endo & ectomycorrhizae (and fix nitrogen too!), and clover use endomycorrhizae, might blueberries be more productive if there's a nearby hedge of salal/wintergreen, alder, and clover? Willows and aspens also both use endo & ecto, so they could be included, and the trees could also be coppiced for firewood or basketry supplies.

I'm going to spend some time this weekend reading research papers. If anyone happens to know any that address these (or related questions), please send them my way!

[maettymae]

4 - Many dermatologists in Germany only look at a patient's problematic skin for a

  few seconds patient's problematic skin for only a few seconds (if at all).

- Without inquiring, dermatologists assume that there is some kind of disease and

  even insist on this possibly wrong assumption,

- the dermatologists also ignore existing skin diseases such as skin fungi

- then prescribe one or two ointments and then send the patient home.

  patient home.

  These are usually cortisone ointments, because cortisone is THE panacea of all

  dermatologists in Germany, and high-dose medications that cause the patient and

  his skin the patient and their skin.

- No dermatologist is interested in whether these ointments work. The main thing

  something was prescribed.

  Some want to treat skin fungi with cortisone or creams with which they

  are not allowed to treat skin fungi at all. It is clear that a patient's skin then

  of a patient deteriorates.

5 Very often dermatologists try their hand at the patient's skin because they do not recognize skin diseases, do not know what to do or are not interested.

They also prescribe high doses of medication and often sell expensive skin care products from skin care companies that do more damage to the patient's skin.

6 Presumed diagnoses with the prescribed ointments and cortisone are usually wrong and further aggravate the patient's skin.

7 The vast majority of dermatologists in Germany are indifferent to the cause of the skin condition.

Dermatologists do not treat the causes. Symptom treatments are more important because they are of the opinion that all skin diseases cannot be cured and because they earn more money with symptom treatments.

8 Many skin diseases in the early stages need to be treated as quickly as possible so that they do not become chronic. Many dermatologists know this, which is why they avoid giving a patient a quick appointment or do not want to treat them in time. As a result, a patient's skin problem becomes chronic.

9 Skin screening is paid for by the German statutory health insurance companies every two years.

A proper skin screening takes at least 30 minutes. The patient must be examined very thoroughly from head to toe in order to avoid secondary diseases.

Most dermatologists only spend 3-4 minutes on a skin screening and some are so brazen that they even want to cut out all moles, purely for profit.

Health insurance companies pay about 150 euros for the removal of a mole.

10 Every dermatology practice also performs minor surgical procedures. Many doctors are not thorough and unprepared so that patients are left with unfavorable scarring and some skin conditions are worse after surgery than before.

[rotten-pest]

2-5 things your muse can be easily identified by

Colors Light pink, more vivid than it has right to be. Deep dark red, like dried blood. Bone white, imperfect decay. The end that should not be.

Scents

Rotting wood, earthy, fresh. Where a corpse should be.

Sickly sweet illness, last breaths.

Soap.

Stench of decaying flesh, with acidic undertones.

Fashion -Commoner’s clothes, a disguise. A simple traveler, devout. -Red robes of the astrologer, unconcerned with stars when earth-bound gods have much more to do with fate. Another disguise. -Torn white linens. The first clothing she ever wore—stained, stolen. -Metal and richly colored fabrics, intermixed for a flashy but practical display—perfect for a mercenary. She didn’t know what attracted her to that man’s armor exactly, but she peeled it off his corpse nonetheless.

Objects

Two gently curved blades, made from dark metal, and tarnished by the influence of the Rot but yet to dull their edge.

Cleanrot knight’s gauntlets, refined and elegant. The traces of its former owner cling to it yet still.

A backpack, waterproofed and well worn—not hers originally.

Bone knife, more like a needle. Meant for one person.

Body language -A vacant, ever present smile, with nothing behind the eyes. -Curiosity, tilting her head back and forth. -The clicking of teeth together, a nervous tick carried over. -Standing very, very still, yet with all the intent and energy in her muscles as if she were about to spring.

Aesthetics

A zealot who seeks to kill her own god. A crisis of faith for one whose does not waiver. A heretic who disdains the faith of the flock. For one who portents the cycle of abundance and decay, she still fears death.

A praying mantis – beautiful, deadly, patient. Yet for all this, temporary.

Bogs, marshes, and swamps – often thought of negatively, their ecological diversity and greater services are greatly at odds with their inconvenience to people where their soft soils create unstable foundations and shallow, still and warm water transmits disease. What is taken must be given back; disruptions to their form and function results in tragedies, both swift and slow.

Butterflies and moths, fungi – tied to the wings of the Rot Goddess. Their larvae feed on the very plants they pollinate, tying them together intimately. Fungi serve many roles—disease causing and parasitic fungi take out the old trees that’d otherwise choke out any newer saplings from growing, shading out the understory. Decay fungi return nutrients to the soil. Mycorrhizae facilitate plants growth and communication.

Songs Ladies of the Woods – The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt OST The Wrath - A Plague Tale OST Mystery Man - The Witcher 3: Hearts of Stone OST An Offering of Grief - Pallbearer If I Had a Heart - Fever Ray

Tagged by @hexenjagd

Tagging: pretty sure everyone I follow already got tagged ha so I'll just leave this as a do-as-you-will

[seth-burroughs]

chapter one rewatch part one. Witamy w następnym odcinku przygód Yumy w wypiździewie ft. Shinigami ona też tu jest

(I think ill just be making separate posts on all of these instead of putting the chapters in the reblogs as they could get a bit.... lengthy otherwise)

behold...... the best chapter.... in my humble yet correct opinion..... here it is..

poor fucking yumer doesn't even get a hotel room he just. sleeps on the damn sofa in the submarine. at least yakou gets some company after all these years

how are there still leaves/needles on these trees? there is zero sunlight and even if there are varieties in there that could survive that for a while its also been raining for entire three years i think all that dampness has long since caused them to get 1000 root rot and fungal diseases. that's not a forest that is a pile of rotten wood that's already 70% disintegrated. what do they even nail all that shit to

the fungi, on the other hand? they're fucking thriving. i made a post about that earlier but i don't want to look for it. all i need to say is that kanai ward has a massive fucking evil fungus problem.

at least yakou had a good time that night lmao.

perhaps i should enter a kokofurio/yumakou era

even shinigami pointed out how poetic yuma tends to get sometimes with his monologues xD

ah yes the cooking scene. maybe i am just such an incredibly skilled gourmet chef that it doesn't even occur to me, but i do not get how do you even manage to fuck up this badly.

and it even looks and smells normal..... how does he do that.

yuma, how the hell do you do that.

okay i came back after i pause since i was doing too bad with my brain shitfuckery to continue it then came back for it in order to distract from my brain shitfuckery

am i really about to enter a kokofurio/yumakou era

im actually ending up liking yakou way more than i did initially lmao..... the guy is growing on me. shame about the d*tective thing though ://

oh, speaking of, detectivephobia mention counter: 5 (kind of)

ooooh also i see. yakou says that he tried contacting wdo several times about the whole kanai ward situation before but they always waved him off and said they got bigger cases to worry about. i wonder why would they do that hmmmmm

"he didnt seem all that impressive to me" youd know huh shinigami

"each master detective is quirky in their own way"

YEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAHHHHHHH CITY TIME!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! YAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAY CITY TIME :3333333333 also there was a meatbun trivia right before we left. nervous laughter

im already getting emotional and we're not even at ginma or marunomon districts yet. what shall i do with myself once that time comes.........................

whats up ramen dude

meatbuns again [ominous music] well at least i can confirm they tasted good lmao?

are u gonna be mad at me for skipping the whole vivia segment

FUBUKI :D

"im sure halara is around somewhere probably hustling kids outta their money'' omgg the foreshadowing in precipitation cipher is actually insane you guyssss

ending this at the part when kokogami's about to look for halara!! goodnight gamers ..

[follow-up-news]

The FDA has issued a warning for consumers to stop purchasing and using two eyedrop products — Dr. Berne's MSM Drops 5% Solution and LightEyez MSM Eye Drops Eye Repair — due to bacterial and fungal contamination. The LightEyez product was contaminated with the drug-resistant bacteria Pseudomanas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium, Mycolicibacterium and Methylorubrum. The Dr. Berne's product was contaminated with Exophiala fungi. Both products list their active ingredient as methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), which is not found in any legally marketed eye drugs in the U.S. Neither of the products have caused adverse effects in consumers yet, the FDA said. This warning comes after the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa found in a handful of other brands of artificial tears or eyedrop products. The bacteria strain had been found in 81 people — four of whom had died from infections, according to specimens collected between May 2022 and April 2023, according to the CDC's update this past May. Over 10 different brands of ophthalmic drugs were involved in these cases, the CDC said. But the most common was Ezri Care Artificial Tears, which the Food and Drug Administration warned consumers to stop purchasing in February.

[gogonano]

How to Safely Clean All Surfaces from Viruses?

Careful hand washing and use of disinfectants and wearing protective masks are an important part of limiting the spread of corona and other viruses. For safe disinfection, we have developed a natural cleaning and disinfecting agent that safely destroys viruses, bacteria, fungi, Gram-negative (for example, the causative agent of tuberculosis) and Gram-positive bacteria from any surfaces and materials.

Corona challenge

In light of recent events, GoGoNano has adapted its core activities as a green chemistry and technology provider to provide support during the global corona pandemic. We remain focused on core values ​​that positively impact people and the environment.

Our mission is to provide products and technology to reduce and/or replace toxic disinfectant chemicals and support people in reducing infectious diseases. With the goal of saving people and making our planet friendly.

Lactic acid is much more effective against corona & other viruses

GoGoNano Anti-Viral is a lactic acid-based deep-cleaning disinfectant that helps fight not only corona but also all other pathogens in a safe and sustainable way. Its biodegradable composition with surface-active particles effectively destroys bacteria, virus particles and fungi and does not damage delicate materials. Therefore, it is well suited for cleaning all objects and surfaces that have come into our homes from the outside, such as food packaging, clothes worn while shopping or other soft objects that cannot be properly disinfected with ethanol.

GoGoNano antiviral and antibacterial disinfectant has been proven effective against various harmful pathogens and bacteria. Corona can survive on different surfaces for several days. Therefore, disinfection and cleaning are extremely important. The product is specially designed for this task.

SAFE CLEANING AGENT FOR BOTH HOME AND OFFICE

Lactic acid is a natural, safe and effective alternative to synthetic antiviral agents. It is a naturally occurring acid that is produced during the acidification of milk, as well as in humans and animals as a result of physical activity. While most disinfectants work with the support of three biocidal mechanisms, lactic acid has four of these mechanisms, which is why it is much more difficult for pathogens to become resistant to it.

Thanks to this, lactic acid has proven itself as an effective defense against a large number of different pathogens. Its combination of effectiveness and safety for human health has made lactic acid a popular cleaning agent in both homes and businesses, such as catering kitchens and stores, where the need for deep cleaning and disinfection is constant.

Which surfaces should be disinfected?

During the disease season, surface cleaning should be done daily as a routine. It is important to notice which surfaces come into contact more often, especially in frequently used rooms. If you don’t know which places need to be cleaned, spend some time observing which surfaces people come into contact with most often.

The following areas and items usually require more frequent cleaning:

– door handles – elevator buttons – toilet and bathroom surfaces – switches – handrails – chair armrests – tables – work surfaces

In order to effectively prevent the spread of the virus, surfaces should be cleaned as often as possible. In public spaces, this should be done no less than every 2-4 hours. In addition to the mentioned surfaces, the edges of doors and other shared objects also need attention.

Lactic acid has fast-acting, effective antiviral properties

Most products available take 5-10 minutes to work on viruses, leaving the possibility that not everything will be removed. In addition, a large amount of the product is required for effective work, which limits its use and increases toxic side effects. Our lactic acid based antiviral organic cleaner has been tested and proven to work instantly. It removes all viruses within one minute of use. We believe that it is necessary to invest in a more efficient and ecological solution to prevent diseases along with the safety of our environment and human health.

A SAFE ALTERNATIVE TO TOXIC DISINFECTANTS

“Our mission is to provide alternative products and technology to reduce and/or replace toxic disinfectant chemicals on the market and support people in reducing infectious diseases. With the goal of saving people and making our planet friendly,” says GoGoNano creator Kaur Reinjärv. “In the form of lactic acid, we found an ideal tool that fights diseases much more effectively and does not harm people or nature.”

Nano coatings for clothing, vehicles and electronics

We are an Estonian brand of nanotechnological protective equipment, where apart from fighting diseases, we have also stood up against the modern throw-away culture. Our sustainable nano-protectors help keep electronic devices, clothes, shoes and even cars looking like new for a long time, so that you can use them for as long as possible, thereby wasting as little money and natural resources as possible.

[hellishlust]

Yeast Infection No More: Protect the Body Naturally

Yeast Infection No More is a downloadable e-book that contains information about the permanent cure for yeast infection. This is a holistic system which intends to help eradicate the infections by targeting the main cause. The e-book was click here to learn more written by Linda Allen, a medial researcher, health consultant, nutritionist and an ex-sufferer of the yeast infection. Using this as a guide for treating the infection is absolutely safe and non-evasive.

Yeast infection also called Candidiasis is a fungal infection of any yeasts species. This kind of infection is very dangerous if left untreated; it can spread and affect body organ such as the esophagus, lungs and brain. In the long run, it can produce harmful toxins called Acetaldehyde into the body which can poison the infected host. The symptoms of the Candidiasis include rashes, acne, migraines, menstrual pain, blurred vision, weight gain, chronic fatigue, muscular aches, allergies, constipation or insomnia. The condition may worsen and may lead to other life-threatening diseases.

There are factors that cause the infection. Stress may lead to production of yeast cells the body fails to fight against through increased sugar level. When stressed, a chemical is released into the body that suppresses the immune system. Excess alcohol intake and Antibiotics overuse destroys good bacteria leading to yeasts flourishing in the gut. Birth control pills that contain estrogen also lead to yeast growth. The other causes include constipation, food allergies, constipation and electromagnetic stress.

The Yeast Infection No More book guide contains 5 steps of simple treatment to Candidiasis. It contains tips on right foods to eat, homemade remedies, herbal washes and supplements. There are also bonus contents in the book and personal 3-month counseling with the author herself.

The 5-step simple cure for the yeast infection is easy to follow and only need the cooperation of the person. The 6 dietary lessons given should be followed to stop further development of yeasts. Taking nutritional supplements for the immune system is also vital. Detoxification by raw food diets, fasting, and juices can cleanse the system. The yeasts can be killed by using the products recommended in the e-book. The body must be supplied with all the good foods to stop the fungi overgrowth permanently.

Using the e-book as guide to a healthy yeast-free body is a natural way without side-effects to worry about. No drugs or medication are required. Unlike lotions or creams, which only relieve the symptoms temporarily, this system helps remove the infection forever. The e-book contains all necessary things to know even the worse infections. Aside from the fact that it is holistic, it was written in a comprehensive manner anyone can follow.

[ooferdanoob]

Edit: some of the vani here may or may not be scrapped lol ( this story thing is a project after all )

Currently figuring out some things for a fan kenopsia story. Wiltawitha will no longer be a disease vani and will instead be a fungus vani! I figured that her Quirk would be more fitting for fungus since Fungi eat decaying matter. ( and her quirk is basically things decaying whenever she touches things. )

I currently have a few ideas in mind for the vani team and their quirks, I just don't have any names for most of them yet lol. So here's a list of the elements I'll be having for the team with their quirks!

1. (Malariac) Flesh vani of deformity ( caused by disease not disorder )

2. Plant vani of plant related allergies

3. Slime vani of bacteria and stomach bugs.

4. Radiation vani of radioactive light fixtures

5. Plasma vani of nerves

6. Spirit vani of Paranoia

7. (Wiltawitha) Fungus vani of decay

8. Sugar vani of prions

9. Music vani of hallucination

10. Disease vani of unnatural causes

Ig that's what I have so far for today, if you have any questions you can always ask! ^^

[inkintheinternet]

Humanity vs Bacteria and Viruses - We are Losing

By Arjuwan Lakkdawala 

Ink in the Internet 

Humans are on top of the food chain, but we are not apex predators, I used to be relieved at the thought that giant dinasaurs went extinct, because I can't imagine how humanity would have survived if those giants still walked the earth. So are we safe now. The answer is no.

Apparently the giants were never our predators, our species has been hunted for thousands of years by microscopic entities. It's the war on humans by Bacteria and Viruses.

We have some of them which are good for us, and many that are harmless in our environment and nature. But the so called "few" that cause mild to severe disease keep emerging.

When we are born and in the first years of our lives we aquire a number of good germs, which are a mixture of viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, collectively they are called microbiota. 

They stay with us throughout our lives forming a symbiotic relationship with the health of our bodies. 

We have no need to worry from them as long as our immune system is healthy, however, if it is compromised and interacts with any of these germs in a way which is inappropriate then any of these can turn into a disease causing pathogen.

So if we take care of our immune system we'll be okay? Yes, but unfortunately immunosuppression can happen in many ways, due to internal or external factors.

Some examples are surgery, antibiotics, antiviral drugs, genetics, and infections, all can result in compromise of the immune system.

1. Antibiotics can kill the germs of the microbiota when administered to kill infection causing germs.

2. During surgery germs of the microbiota may get removed.

3. Genetics could have defects that cause immune system compromise.

4. Antiviral drugs have shown in laboratory culture tests to cause inhibition of the immune system.

5. Infections like HIV and many others can cause weakening of the immune system.

Our only true defense against germs is the health of our immune system, therefore compromise of it is a possibly life threatening condition.

What about medical and technological advancement, and the assistance of artificial intelligence. What about the many methods of sterilisation, after all this is the 21st century.

Why does it feel like we are still in the middle ages when it comes to the fight against bacteria and viruses? Why haven't we eliminated the "few" disease causing germs. Why did we have a 3 year pandemic? Covid-19 is still causing thousands of deaths.

It's an extremely complex story to simplify but let us take the Streptococcus Pyogene, the bacteria that causes Strep A as a case study. 

Descriptions of it's symptoms can be found far back in 4th century writings. The bacteria's name is derived from Greek words meaning 'A Chain.' 

Outbreaks of Scarlet Fever, one of the diseases that Strep A can cause occurred throughout Europe and North America during the 17th and 18th centuries.

Another setback for humans is that there are thousands of strains of bacteria. 

Scientists have identified 8,000 strains of bacteria with information about their genetics and metabolism. 

However, there are few molecular studies about the age of bacterial pathogens that affected humans before the start of medical bacteriology.

Genetic studies of human skeletons and mummies have found Tuberculosis and Plagues dating back 5,000 and 6,000 years.

So why haven't modern science been able to eliminate these pathogens? And can it be predicted which bacteria or strain will turn pathogenic? 

The answer is yes and no. 

Mutations and evolution have been studied in laboratories, but these models cannot replicate natural settings with the limitless interactions of these microorganisms with nature. 

Therefore scientists have always been several steps behind. Our intelligence is the only weapon we have to keep ourselves on top of the food chain, because if nature keeps outsmarting us at this pace, as far as bacteria and viruses go that is serious bad news for mankind.

So is nature bad for us? No. We have tilted the balance of nature, and are suffering it's consequences.

According to an article in Nature.com that cites various studies, Climate Change has made many diseases worse, bringing people and disease causing microorganisms closer together.

Everything we have learned has been by observing it in nature first. If we can ever get ahead of viruses and bacteria or find stronger antibiotics or other methods of treatment it will only be found in nature. So we need to protect naturel habitats of all species from destruction, and not just the species themselves. The ecology holds the secrets of behaviors of microorganisms.

Scientists of the world and media need to talk sense into people that have projects damaging nature, and there needs to be trust between the public and health officials. 

Unfortunately after the many conspiracy theories about the Covid-19 vaccines, much of the trust in the World Health Organisation was severely damaged in a section of the public. 

The rise in global stroke levels didn't help either as it cast suspicion on the vaccines which were known to cause blood clots in people susceptible to it.

In the Twitter WHO comments many tweets are there blaming vaccines for the recent surge in the deaths of children by iGAS, however in the UK 89.1% children under 12 were less likely to be vaccinated according to the UK Health Security Agency website.

Scientists are debating if lockdowns caused the children to not develope better immunity against the bacteria due to lack of exposure.

Matt Koci, virologist and immunologist warns in a NC State University article by Matt Shipman that humans are not apex predators and viruses and bacteria are around to show us whose boss. 

He explained how the genome of the 1918 virus that killed soldiers with pneumonia like symptoms was restored by extracting its RNA in the 1990s by Jeffrey K. Taubenbergen and a team from the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology to study it.

It was done in hope of learning how to deal with an outbreak of the pathogen should it happen.

We must stay vigilant in the fight against Bacteria and Viruses because we are precariously close to losing.

Many articles on the web suggest having a pet can boost children's immune system. Parents who choose to get a pet please keep in mind to teach your children to be kind to pets, and they are a lifelong responsibility and should not be discarded like toys. Adopt pets don't buy.

Foods that boost immune system should also be a priority and avoidance as much as possible of foods that weaken the immune system.

Arjuwan Lakkdawala is an author and independent journalist. Her Twitter is @Spellrainia

Copyright ©️ Arjuwan Lakkdawala 2022

Sources:

The Royal Society Publishing - Mark Achtman

Nature.com - Heidi Ledford

National Library of Medicine - W Heagy et al, J Clin Invest 1991 Jun

BMC Biology - Liise-anne Pirofski, Arturo Casadevall

PMC - Immunity and immunopathology to viruses: what decides the outcome?

Barry T. Rouse and Sharvan Sehrawat

Wikipedia- Pathogenic Bacteria

NIH - History of Streptococcal Research

Ferretti J, Köhler W.

Nature.com - McKenzie Prillaman

Wikipedia - Strain (Biology)

[airsteril]

Is your Air Purifier effectively purifying the air?

Microorganisms, bacteria, viruses, molds, fungi, and volatile chemical compounds are all present in the air we breathe. 

Airborne microorganisms have the power to spread diseases, produce unpleasant scents, and continue the formation of mold. 

As a result, air pollution has gotten much worse. Our ability to breathe clean air is deteriorating. It i s now more severe than ever. 

Even though your house is meant to be a shelter, it is still exposed to several harmful microorganisms in the air, going inside our bodies through the air we breathe. 

In addition to these, the outbreak of COVID also flooded the market with some of the best Air Purifiers for COVID, as people became aware of keeping themselves and their surroundings clean. 

More people than ever before spend most of their time indoors. As a result, you can be exposed to more indoor toxins and particles that cause or worsen respiratory ailments. 

According to the 2022 report of WHO,,“exposure to household air pollution almost doubles the risk for childhood LRI and is responsible for 44% of all pneumonia deaths in children less than 5 years old”. 

Are Air Purifier with UV light or Bacteria Air Purifier reliable for eliminating indoor contaminants, despite what they claim to do? Yes, to some extent. 

Let’s explore how and what is the better alternative to it. 

How does a standard air purifier function? 

Air purifiers generally clean the air, which may contain toxins, allergies, and pollutants. 

While some versions may eliminate other airborne particles without screening them first, others may be designed with filters to catch particles as air passes through them. 

On soft surfaces like your walls, carpeting, and bedding, and hard surfaces like furniture and walls, microorganisms are left behind where they continue to proliferate, causing odor problems and increasing the risk of diseases. 

Standard air cleaners and room cleaning can only provide a short-term fix to the issue of clinging microorganisms. 

How do Air Purifiers with UV Light function? 

Air Purifiers with UV Light are intended to use short-wave ultraviolet light (UV-C light) to inactivate airborne pathogens and microorganisms like mold, bacteria, and viruses by destroying their nucleic acids so that UV radiation disrupts their DNA, rendering them incapable of carrying out essential cellular functions. 

The primary disinfecting function of UV-C air purification systems is performed by UV-C light. 

An efficient Air purifier with UV Light eliminates bacteria, contaminants, and dust from soft and hard surfaces and the air. 

To achieve the most outstanding results, AIRsteril offers a variety of cutting-edge air purifiers with UV light that combine the most advanced and potent air and surface cleansing technologies. 

It is the best air purifier for COVID-like situations, as it sanitizes and cleans the air.  We should focus on investing in complete solutions for air purification. Choose effective and efficient air purifiers with UV light or Bacteria Air Purifiers, that ensure safety with cleanliness. 

Our final words 

Air purifiers are a good use of money, despite what you might think. Air pollution has long been associated with respiratory illnesses and even cancer. 

When the air quality declines, there are other awful effects, such as depression, anxiety, suicide rates, and overall higher risk of mental problems, particularly in youngsters.

[websubmission]

Bird Control Solutions in Gurgaon: Safeguard Your Property with K.S. Pest Control Services

Birds, while often seen as harmless, can become a major nuisance and even a health hazard when they gather in large numbers around residential or commercial properties. In Gurgaon, bird infestations, particularly by pigeons and sparrows, are common issues that can disrupt daily life, cause structural damage, and lead to health risks. At K.S. Pest Control Services, we offer specialized bird control solutions in Gurgaon designed to keep your property safe and bird-free in a humane and effective manner.

Why Bird Control is Essential

When birds begin nesting in and near buildings, they can cause a variety of issues that may harm your property and well-being. Here's why expert bird control services are necessary:

Health Risks: Birds carry diseases like histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and avian flu. Bird droppings can also harbor bacteria and fungi that may spread to humans and pets, potentially leading to respiratory issues and other health concerns.

Structural Damage: Bird droppings are acidic and can corrode building materials over time. Nesting birds can clog gutters, air conditioning units, and drainage systems, leading to costly repairs.

Noise and Disruption:Birds frequently make noise, which can disrupt the serenity, especially when they gather in big flocks. This might be extremely bothersome for businesses or residents who like a peaceful environment.

Contamination: Bird droppings can stain surfaces, contaminate food sources, and damage vehicles, making your property less appealing and potentially unsanitary.

Bird Control Solutions by K.S. Pest Control Services

K.S. Pest Control Services provides a variety of bird control methods that are humane, environmentally friendly, and tailored to the unique requirements of your site. Here are the primary bird control strategies we use to protect your property.

1. Bird Netting

Bird netting is one of the most effective techniques to keep birds out of undesired regions. Our high-quality nets are long-lasting and keep birds from nesting in open areas, balconies, rooftops, and other entry points. This approach allows you to keep an open atmosphere without fear of bird encroachment.

2. Bird Spikes

Bird spikes are another incredibly effective option, particularly for ledges, rooftops, and parapets. These spikes keep birds from landing without causing them harm. Our bird spikes are made of long-lasting materials that blend in with building exteriors while keeping birds away from certain places.

3. Gel Repellents

Our specially formulated bird repellent gels create a sticky surface that birds dislike, encouraging them to avoid treated areas. This method is best suited for locations where netting or spikes may not be ideal, such as certain signage or decorative features.

4. Ultrasonic Bird Repellents

For larger properties and industrial spaces, we offer ultrasonic bird repellents that emit high-frequency sounds to keep birds at bay. These sounds are harmless to birds and inaudible to humans but are effective in deterring them from settling.

5. Trained Technicians for Customized Solutions

Our experienced technicians assess each property individually, recommending solutions based on your specific bird issues. With in-depth knowledge of bird behavior and control strategies, our team ensures that the chosen method effectively prevents birds from returning.

Why Choose K.S. Pest Control Services for Bird Control in Gurgaon?

Experience and Expertise: With years of experience in pest and bird control, we understand the specific issues that bird infestations pose and can deliver dependable, long-term solutions.

Eco-Friendly and Humane Approaches: We use humane methods to control birds, prioritizing their welfare while effectively keeping them off your property.

Customized Solutions: Every property is different, and so are its pest control needs. Our team conducts a thorough inspection to create a tailored bird control plan that best suits your environment.

Affordable and Efficient: Our bird control services are cost-effective and designed to provide you with value, ensuring that your property remains bird-free without breaking the bank.

Contact Us for Bird Control Solutions in Gurgaon

If birds are disturbing your property, don't ignore the problem. K.S. Pest Control Services provides expert bird control solutions in Gurgaon. Our courteous, educated crew is ready to assist you in protecting your home or company from the hazards of bird infestations.

K.S. Pest Control Services Shop No.17, Ram Market, Rajiv Nagar, Gurugram-122001, Haryana, India Phone: +91 7065877247, +91 7065877268, +91 9212152387 Email: kspestsolution@gmail.com

[jayanthitbrc]

Global HyperImmune Globulins Market Analysis 2024: Size Forecast and Growth Prospects

The hyperimmune globulins global market report 2024 from The Business Research Company provides comprehensive market statistics, including global market size, regional shares, competitor market share, detailed segments, trends, and opportunities. This report offers an in-depth analysis of current and future industry scenarios, delivering a complete perspective for thriving in the industrial automation software market.

HyperImmune Globulins Market, 2024 report by The Business Research Company offers comprehensive insights into the current state of the market and highlights future growth opportunities.

Market Size - The hyperImmune globulins market size has grown strongly in recent years. It will grow from $1.78 billion in 2023 to $1.91 billion in 2024 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.5%. The growth in the historic period can be attributed to increased government support, rise in healthcare expenditures., high prevalence of hepatitis b and rabies, rise in awareness of zoonotic diseases, and growth in the geriatric population.

The hyperImmune globulins market size is expected to see strong growth in the next few years. It will grow to $2.57 billion in 2028 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.7%. The growth in the forecast period can be attributed to the increasing prevalence of infectious diseases, growing awareness about the benefits of hyperimmune globulin injections, increasing demand for immunoglobulins, rising prevalence of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, rising incidence of immune deficiencies. Major trends in the forecast period include technological advancements and innovation, investment in research and development, demand for passive immunity treatments, advancements in plasma-derived therapies, and technological advancements in manufacturing.

Order your report now for swift delivery @ https://www.thebusinessresearchcompany.com/report/hyperimmune-globulins-global-market-report

Scope Of HyperImmune Globulins Market The Business Research Company's reports encompass a wide range of information, including:

1. Market Size (Historic and Forecast): Analysis of the market's historical performance and projections for future growth.

2. Drivers: Examination of the key factors propelling market growth.

3. Trends: Identification of emerging trends and patterns shaping the market landscape.

4. Key Segments: Breakdown of the market into its primary segments and their respective performance.

5. Focus Regions and Geographies: Insight into the most critical regions and geographical areas influencing the market.

6. Macro Economic Factors: Assessment of broader economic elements impacting the market.

HyperImmune Globulins Market Overview

Market Drivers - The increasing prevalence of infectious diseases is expected to propel the growth of the hyperimmune globulin market going forward. Infectious diseases are illnesses caused by harmful agents (pathogens) that get into your body, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. The increasing prevalence of infectious diseases can be attributed to factors such as antimicrobial resistance, climate change, and population growth. Hyperimmune globulins are utilized in infectious diseases to provide immediate passive immunity by delivering concentrated antibodies against specific pathogens, aiding in the prevention or treatment of diseases such as rabies, hepatitis B, or tetanus. For instance, in April 2024, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a US-based government agency, chronic hepatitis B cases in the US increased by approximately 17% from 14,229 cases in 2021 to 16,729 cases in 2022. Therefore, the increasing prevalence of infectious diseases is driving the growth of the hyperimmune globulin market.

The hyperimmune globulins market covered in this report is segmented –

1) By Type: Hepatitis B Hyperimmune Globulin, Rabies Hyperimmune Globulin, Tetanus Hyperimmune Globulin, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Hyperimmune Globulin, Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) Hyperimmune Globulin, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Hyperimmune Globulin, Other Types 2) By Route Of Administration: Intramuscular, Intravenous 3) By Application: Government Institution, Private Sector, Other Applications

Get an inside scoop of the hyperimmune globulins market, Request now for Sample Report @ https://www.thebusinessresearchcompany.com/sample.aspx?id=16448&type=smp

Regional Insights - North America was the largest region in the hyperimmune globulins market in 2023. Asia-Pacific is expected to be the fastest-growing region in the forecast period. The regions covered in the hyperimmune globulins market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa.

Key Companies - Major companies operating in the hyperimmune globulins market are F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Bayer AG, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Baxter International Inc., CSL Ltd., Fresenius Kabi AG, Grifols SA, Octapharma AG, Shanghai RAAS Blood Products Co. Ltd., Emergent BioSolutions Inc., Kedrion Biopharma Inc., LFB SA, Hualan Biological Engineering Inc., FFF Enterprises Inc., Taibang Biologic Group, Bio Products Laboratory (BPL) Ltd., ADMA Biologics, Cangene Corporation, Kamada Ltd., Saol Therapeutics Inc., Omrix Biopharmaceuticals Ltd., Shire, Sichuan Yuanda Shuyang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., BioCare Inc.

Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary 2. HyperImmune Globulins Market Report Structure 3. HyperImmune Globulins Market Trends And Strategies 4. HyperImmune Globulins Market – Macro Economic Scenario 5. HyperImmune Globulins Market Size And Growth ….. 27. HyperImmune Globulins Market Competitor Landscape And Company Profiles 28. Key Mergers And Acquisitions 29. Future Outlook and Potential Analysis 30. Appendix

Contact Us: The Business Research Company Europe: +44 207 1930 708 Asia: +91 88972 63534 Americas: +1 315 623 0293 Email: info@tbrc.info

Follow Us On: LinkedIn: https://in.linkedin.com/company/the-business-research-company Twitter: https://twitter.com/tbrc_info Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TheBusinessResearchCompany YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC24_fI0rV8cR5DxlCpgmyFQ Blog: https://blog.tbrc.info/ Healthcare Blog: https://healthcareresearchreports.com/ Global Market Model: https://www.thebusinessresearchcompany.com/global-market-model

[drkasture66]

Understanding Different Tests Conducted in a Pathology Lab

When it comes to maintaining our health, regular check-ups and tests are essential for early detection and management of potential health issues. A Pathology Lab in Baner plays a crucial role in this process, providing various tests that help doctors diagnose diseases and monitor overall health. This blog aims to break down the different types of tests conducted in a pathology lab, particularly those included in a Complete Health Checkup in Baner.

1. Hematology Tests

Hematology tests are primarily focused on evaluating blood components. These tests help assess conditions like anemia, clotting disorders, and infections. Common hematology tests include:

Complete Blood Count (CBC): This test provides a comprehensive overview of your blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. It helps diagnose conditions such as anemia, infections, and various blood disorders.

Coagulation Tests: These tests measure how well your blood clots, which is crucial for understanding bleeding disorders. Tests like Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) fall under this category.

2. Biochemistry Tests

Biochemistry tests evaluate the chemical composition of bodily fluids, mainly blood and urine. These tests are vital for assessing organ function and metabolic health. Key biochemistry tests include:

Liver Function Tests (LFTs): These tests measure enzymes and substances in the blood to assess liver health. Abnormal levels can indicate liver disease or damage.

Kidney Function Tests: These include tests like Serum Creatinine and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), which help evaluate how well the kidneys are filtering waste from the blood.

Lipid Profile: This test measures cholesterol and triglyceride levels, helping to assess cardiovascular risk and guide lifestyle modifications or treatments.

3. Microbiology Tests

Microbiology tests are crucial for diagnosing infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Common tests in this category include:

Blood Cultures: Used to detect infections in the bloodstream, blood cultures help identify the presence of bacteria or fungi, guiding appropriate treatment.

Urine Cultures: These tests help diagnose urinary tract infections (UTIs) by identifying specific pathogens causing the infection.

Swab Tests: Samples from wounds, throat, or respiratory tracts can be tested to identify bacterial or viral infections.

4. Immunology Tests

Immunology tests assess the body’s immune response and help diagnose autoimmune diseases. Common tests include:

Antibody Tests: These tests detect antibodies produced in response to infections, helping diagnose conditions like HIV, hepatitis, and various autoimmune disorders.

Allergy Tests: These tests identify specific allergens that may trigger allergic reactions, assisting in developing management plans.

5. Histopathology

Histopathology involves the microscopic examination of tissue samples to diagnose diseases, particularly cancer. This process often follows a biopsy, where a small tissue sample is removed for analysis. Key aspects include:

Tissue Processing: The tissue is preserved, cut into thin sections, and stained to highlight specific features.

Microscopic Examination: A pathologist examines the slides under a microscope to identify abnormal cells, helping determine the presence of cancer or other diseases.

Conclusion

Understanding the different tests conducted in a Pathology Lab in Baner can empower patients to take control of their health. Whether you're undergoing a Complete Health Checkup in Baner or specific tests recommended by your healthcare provider, each test plays a vital role in understanding your health status. Regular testing is crucial for early detection and effective management of potential health issues. If you have any questions about the tests or your results, don’t hesitate to ask your healthcare provider for clarification. Your health journey is a partnership between you and your medical team, and staying informed is key to making the best decisions for your well-being.

[healthcaremarketanalysis]

Exploring Biologics Safety Testing Methods: Ensuring Safe and Effective Therapeutics

Biologics are a class of therapeutic products derived from living organisms, including vaccines, blood components, and gene therapies. As biologics have become integral in treating various diseases, ensuring their safety is paramount. Biologics Safety testing plays a critical role in confirming the efficacy, purity, and overall safety of biologics before they reach patients. Let’s delve into the various safety testing methods used for biologics.

Download PDF Brochure

1. Sterility Testing

Sterility testing is crucial to ensure that biologics are free from harmful microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and yeasts. Methods include membrane filtration and direct inoculation, where the biologic is cultured in specific growth media to detect any microbial presence. Sterility testing helps prevent the risk of infections in patients receiving biologic therapies.

2. Mycoplasma Testing

Mycoplasmas, a group of bacteria without a cell wall, can contaminate biologics during production. Since they are difficult to detect with conventional methods, specific testing methods, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture-based techniques, are employed. These methods ensure that biologics are mycoplasma-free, safeguarding patients from adverse reactions.

3. Endotoxin Testing

Endotoxins, toxic substances found in the outer membrane of certain bacteria, can cause severe immune responses if present in biologics. The Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) test is commonly used to detect endotoxins. Endotoxin testing is vital for ensuring that biologics do not cause harmful inflammatory reactions in patients.

4. Viral Safety Testing

Since biologics are often derived from cells or organisms that may harbor viruses, viral safety testing is a critical component. The testing includes in vitro and in vivo assays to detect viral contaminants. Techniques like PCR and next-generation sequencing (NGS) are increasingly being used for highly sensitive viral detection.

Request Sample Pages

5. Adventitious Agents Testing

Adventitious agents refer to unintended microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, that may contaminate biologics during manufacturing. Testing for these agents involves a variety of assays, including cell culture and molecular techniques, to ensure the biologic is free from any unintended harmful contaminants.

6. Cell Substrate Testing

Biologics often utilize cell substrates for production, such as mammalian or bacterial cells. Testing these cells for safety is essential to confirm the absence of harmful substances like residual DNA, oncogenic viruses, or other contaminants. These tests involve genetic analysis and safety profiling to ensure the therapeutic biologic is safe for human use.

7. Residual Host Cell Proteins (HCP) Testing

Host cells used in biologics production can leave behind residual proteins, which may cause adverse immune reactions in patients. HCP testing employs enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and mass spectrometry techniques to detect and quantify these proteins, ensuring the purity of the biologic product.

8. Genetic Stability Testing

For biologics derived from genetically modified organisms, genetic stability testing is essential to ensure the consistency and safety of the product. This testing involves sequencing and molecular analysis to confirm that the genetic material has remained stable throughout the production process.

9. Safety Pharmacology Studies

Safety pharmacology studies assess the potential risks biologics may pose to vital physiological functions, such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, and nervous systems. These studies are conducted using in vitro and in vivo models, ensuring that biologics do not have unintended effects on the body’s critical systems.

Conclusion

Biologics safety testing is a multi-faceted process that ensures the development of safe, effective, and high-quality biologic therapies. As biologics continue to grow in prominence, safety testing methods will evolve, integrating advanced technologies such as PCR, NGS, and mass spectrometry. These rigorous testing protocols ensure that biologics reach patients without compromising their health, contributing to a future where therapeutic treatments are safer and more effective than ever before.

Content Source:

[bagwaninursery]

Step by Step Guide Growing Oranges at Home

Growing an orange plant at home is not just a enjoyable and gratifying hobby; it also serves as a fantastic means of ensuring that you always have access to fresh, natural oranges right from your garden. We at Bagwani Nursery feel that growing your own orange tree is possible for everyone regardless of space restrictions or your knowledge level about the gardening. Let us dive into the vibrant universe of freshly squeezed home-grown orange fruits together!.

1. Choose the Right Orange Plant

Let’s begin by discussing how to choose which type of oranges you want in your bucket. Though there are other types of oranges,  but for beginners, we recommend starting with the dwarf kind as these plants are perfect for small spaces. These kinds are suitable for limited spaces such and can be grown in pots as well. Most common types comprise Calamondin orange among others such as Naval and Dwarf Valencia ones. At Bagwani Nursery, you will get all needed healthy ready-to-plant orange seedlings to start your home garden.

2. Find the Perfect Spot

   Sunlight: Orange plants love sunlight! Find a sunny spot in your garden or a bright spot in your home if you’re using a pot. Aim for at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight each day to keep your plant happy and healthy.

Prepare the Soil

Good soil is the foundation of a thriving orange plant. An orange tree requires well-draining fertile soil to grow properly. To make sure that your plant is getting enough nutrients, use well-draining soil mixed with compost. Also the soil should be slightly acidic to neutral, with a pH of 6.0 to 7.0. If you are using pots, their bottoms must have enough openings for drainage purposes. 

4. Planting the Orange Tree

When digging a hole in the ground or a pot where you plan on planting, ensure that it is twice larger than the root ball of your orange plant. Place the sapling into the hole and then fill with soil around while pressing down slightly. Afterwards, water thoroughly so as to enable roots; they can make contact with their new environment easily through this way.

5. Watering

The orange plants demand continuous wetness. However, they dislike being soggy. Depending on the weather, you can water your plant deeply once or twice in a week. You should water more often during hot weather seasons.

6. Fertilizing

Provide your orange plant suitable citrus fertilizer every 4-6 weeks when it is growing. This supports good growth as well as more fruits. Observe always what is recommended from the manufacturer’s manual for effective results.

7. Pruning

Trimming enables keeping the plant’s form and encouraging the emergence of new plant organs. In this regard, cut down any limbs on your chili pepper trees that seem lifeless or infected by any form of disease-fighting agents such as fungi or bacteria. The aim is to create room for sun rays as well as atmospheric gases among all constituents of this type of tree.

8. Protecting from Pests

Make sure to watch out for common pests on plants as aphids and spider mites and keep them away using neem oil or insecticidal soap because these are both eco-friendly methods.

9. Harvesting

The time that you have waited for is here! Your orange plants could start bearing fruit just two years after planting, depending on the type. For oranges to be harvested for example, they need to be fully colored and slightly soft when touched. Avoid causing harm to the plant by cutting or twisting fruits from the tree.

Happy Gardening

For any queries please contact us or visit our website.

Phone: 7252802950

Email: bagwaninursery.in@gmail.com

Website: bagwaninursery.com