#1918 Union of Transylvania with Romania

[goggledoddle]

Great Union Day 2023 Date: December 1, 2023 Today’s annual Doodle celebrates Great Union Day, or Ziua Marii Uniri, in Romania! This holiday commemorates the unification of several different ethnic groups under one single banner. On this day in 1918, the National Assembly of Alba Iulia voted unanimously in favor of a greater union between Transylvania, Bessarabia, Bukovina, and the Kingdom of Romania. As a result, the country was officially recognized by the international community and welcomed to the world stage. Romania’s territorial size nearly doubled, and its population increased by 10 million. The first ever celebration in Alba Iulia marked the end of years of struggle for self-determination, and instilled a sense of identity and unity among its diverse residents. On Great Union Day, Romanians attend military parades, musical and dance performances, historical plays, and flag-raising ceremonies throughout the country. The blue, yellow, and red stripes of the Romanian national flag — like the one waving in today’s artwork — represent liberty, justice, and fraternity. Great Union Day acts as a symbol of their shared heritage and collective spirit, reminding them of their country's rich history and the importance of unity during times of challenge. Location: Romania Tags: @GoggleDoddle is only here on [tumblr]! #GoggleDoddle goggledoddle.[tumblr].com

[brookston]

Holidays 12.1

Holidays

Antarctica Day

Applejack Day (My Little Pony)

Basketball Day

Battle of the Sinop Day (Russia)

Becky Thatcher Day

Bifocals at the Monitor Liberation Day

Bizarre Bazaar

Chia Pet Hunting Season begins

Civil Air Patrol Day

Commemoration Day (UAE)

Crossing of the Cattle at Diafarabe (Mali)

Damrong Rajanuhab Day (Thailand)

Data Innovation Day

Day of the First President (Kazakhstan)

Day With(out) Art

First Day of Meteorological Summer Day (Southern Hemisphere)

First Day of Meteorological Winter Day (Northern Hemisphere)

First President Day (Kazakhstan)

Fishmas

Flag Day (Saba)

Freedom and Democracy Day (Chad)

Fullveldisdagurinn (a.k.a. Self-Governance Day; Iceland)

Indigenous Faith Day (Arunachal, India)

International Prisoners for Peace Day

International Sweater Vestival

James Gandolfini Day (New Jersey)

Military Abolition Day (Costa Rica)

MMMHop Beer Day

My Husband Strung the Xmas Lights and Now I Can't Open the Garage Door Day

National Biliary Atresia Awareness Day

National Christmas Book Day

National Christmas Lights Day

National Cookie Cutter Day

National Day of Courage

National Grinch Day

National I Told You So Day

National Jandal Day (New Zealand)

National Online Risk and Compliance Day

National Sabbath-Keeping Schools Day

National Transit Tribute to Rosa Parks Day

National Twin With Your Dog Day (UK)

National Water Safety Day (Australia)

National Women Support Women Day

National Zinc Day

Operation Santa Paws begins [until 21st]

Peaceful Easy Feeling Day (San Diego, California)

Playboy Magazine Day

Prisoners for Peace Day

Proclamation of the Republic (Central African Republic)

Rosa Parks Day (Ohio, Oregon) [also 2.4]

Scrabble Day

Teachers’ Day (Panama)

University Student Strike Day (Myanmar)

Wallace & Gromit’s Great British Tea Party begins (thru 21st)

Wax Day (French Republic)

Wear a Dress Day [also 6.1]

Weather Service Day

White Rabbit Day

World AIDS Day (UN)

Yukon Order of Pioneers Day

Ziua Unirii (Romania)

Food & Drink Celebrations

Dr. Pepper Day

Eat A Red Apple Day

International Maratheftiko Day

National Baked Alaska Day

National Fried Pie Day

National Peppermint Bark Day

National Pie Day [also 1.23]

1st Friday in December

Bandcamp Friday [1st Friday]

Bartender Appreciation Day [1st Friday]

Eccentric Day (Bell's Brewery; Michigan) [1st or 2nd Friday or Another Day]

Farmer’s Day (Ghana) [1st Friday]

Faux Fur Friday [1st Friday]

Gospel Day (Marshall Islands) [1st Friday]

International Sweater Vestival [2nd Friday after Thanksgiving]

National Salesperson Day [1st Friday]

Open It! Weekend begins [1st Friday]

Purple Friday (UK) [1st Friday]

Independence Days

Great Union Day (celebrating merger of Transylvania & Romania, 1918)

Iceland (from Denmark, 1918)

Portugal (from Spain, 1640) [a.k.a. Restoration of Independence]

Sancratosia (Declared; 2021) [unrecognized]

Feast Days

Alexander Briant (Christian; Saint)

Ansanus (Christian; Saint)

Barbes Diena (Sheep Fertility Festival; Ancient Latvia)

Bruna Pellesi (Christian; Blessed)

Castritian (Christian; Saint)

Charles de Foucauld (Christian; Blessed)

Edmund Campion (Christian; Saint)

Eligius (a.k.a. Eloy), Bishop of Noyon (Christian; Saint)

Evasius (Christian; Saint)

Feast for the Death of Aleister Crowley (Thelema)

Feast of Saints Kyle, Stan, Cartman and Kenny (Church of the SubGenius; Saints)

Festival for Neptune/Poseidon (Ancient Greece/Rome)

Festival for Pietas (Goddess of Devotion; Ancient Rome)

Francia (Positivist; Saint)

Grwst (Christian; Saint)

Juner (Muppetism)

Kalends of December (Ancient Rome)

Karl Schmidt-Rottluff (Artology)

Marijuana Sauce Day (Pastafarian)

Mindfulness Day (Zen Buddhism)

Mothra Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Nahum (Christian; Saint)

Nicholas Ferrar (Episcopal Church)

Ralph Sherwin (Christian; Saint)

Shiva’s Day (Pagan)

Ursicinus of Brescia (Christian; Saint)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Butsumetsu (仏滅 Japan) [Unlucky all day.]

Premieres

Adventures of Don Juan (Film; 1948)

Alice and the Three Bears (Disney Cartoon; 1924)

Axis: Bold As Love, by Jimi Hendrix (Album; 1967)

Beebo Saves Christmas (WB Animated TV Special)

Blondie, by Blondie (Album; 1976)

The Booze Hangs High (WB LT Cartoon; 1930)

Candide, by Leonard Bernstein (Operetta; 1956)

A Charlie Brown Christmas, by Vince Guarldi (Soundtrack Album; 1965)

Christmas Vacation (Film; 1989)

A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court, by Mark Twain (Novel; 1884)

Dark (German TV Series; 2017)

The Floating Admiral, by the Detection Club (Mystery Novel; 1931)

Follow Me Boys (Film; 1966)

The Girl Can’t Help It (Rock Music Film; 1956)

Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens (Novel; 1836)

Happy Xmas (War Is Over), by John Lennon (Song; 1971)

Hi, Hi, Hi, by Wings (Song; 1972)

The House of the Rising Sun, by Frijid Pink (Song; 1969)

Kim, by Rudyard Kipling (Novel; 1900)

The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentlemen, by Laurence Sterne (Novel; 1759)

The Maltese Falcon, by Dashiell Hammett (Novel; 1930)

National Lampoon’s Christmas Vacation (Film; 1989)

No Logo, by Naomi Klein Book; 1999)

Northanger Abbey, by Jane Austen (Novel; 1817) [#5]

The Philadelphia Story (Film; 1940)

Playboy Magazine (Adult Magazine; 1953)

Promises, Promises (Broadway Musical; 1968)

The Return of the King (Film; 2003) [Lord of the Rings #3]

The Shape of Water (Film; 2017)

The Simple Art of Murder, by Raymond Chandler (Novel; 1944)

Thank You (Falettinme Be Mice Elf Agin), by Sly and the Family Stone (Song; 1969)

The Thin Man, by Dashiell Hammett (Novel; 1934)

Withering Heights, by Emily Bronte (Novel; 1847)

Today’s Name Days

Blanka, Charles, Eligius, Natalie (Austria)

Blanka, Florencija, Kazimir, Natalija, Naum (Croatia)

Iva (Czech Republic)

Arnold (Denmark)

Oskar, Osmar, Oss (Estonia)

Oskar, Oskari (Finland)

Florence (France)

Blanka, Eligius, Natalie (Germany)

Areti, Jacob, Naoum, Philaretos, Theoklitos (Greece)

Elza (Hungary)

Ansano, Eligio (Italy)

Arnolds, Arvaldis (Latvia)

Algmina, Butigeidas, Eligijus, Natalija (Lithuania)

Arnljot, Arnold, Arnt (Norway)

Długosz, Edmund, Eliga, Eligiusz, Iwa, Natalia, Natalis, Platon, Sobiesława (Poland)

Filaret, Naum (Romania)

Edmund (Slovakia)

Blanca, Cándida, Eloy (Spain)

Oskar, Ossian (Sweden)

Bianca, Blanca, Blanche, Eli, Ely, Sherwin (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 335 of 2024; 30 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 5 of week 48 of 2023

Celtic Tree Calendar: Ruis (Elder) [Day 4 of 28]

Chinese: Month 10 (Gui-Hai), Day 19 (Gui-Si)

Chinese Year of the: Rabbit 4721 (until February 10, 2024)

Hebrew: 18 Kislev 5784

Islamic: 18 Jumada I 1445

J Cal: 5 Zima; Fiveday [5 of 30]

Julian: 18 November 2023

Moon: 81%: Waning Gibbous

Positivist: 27 Frederic (12th Month) [Francia]

Runic Half Month: Is (Stasis) [Day 6 of 15]

Season: Autumn (Day 69 of 89)

Zodiac: Sagittarius (Day 10 of 30)

Calendar Changes

December (Gregorian Calendar) [Month 12 of 12]

[brookstonalmanac]

Holidays 12.1

Holidays

Antarctica Day

Applejack Day (My Little Pony)

Basketball Day

Battle of the Sinop Day (Russia)

Becky Thatcher Day

Bifocals at the Monitor Liberation Day

Bizarre Bazaar

Chia Pet Hunting Season begins

Civil Air Patrol Day

Commemoration Day (UAE)

Crossing of the Cattle at Diafarabe (Mali)

Damrong Rajanuhab Day (Thailand)

Data Innovation Day

Day of the First President (Kazakhstan)

Day With(out) Art

First Day of Meteorological Summer Day (Southern Hemisphere)

First Day of Meteorological Winter Day (Northern Hemisphere)

First President Day (Kazakhstan)

Fishmas

Flag Day (Saba)

Freedom and Democracy Day (Chad)

Fullveldisdagurinn (a.k.a. Self-Governance Day; Iceland)

Indigenous Faith Day (Arunachal, India)

International Prisoners for Peace Day

International Sweater Vestival

James Gandolfini Day (New Jersey)

Military Abolition Day (Costa Rica)

MMMHop Beer Day

My Husband Strung the Xmas Lights and Now I Can't Open the Garage Door Day

National Biliary Atresia Awareness Day

National Christmas Book Day

National Christmas Lights Day

National Cookie Cutter Day

National Day of Courage

National Grinch Day

National I Told You So Day

National Jandal Day (New Zealand)

National Online Risk and Compliance Day

National Sabbath-Keeping Schools Day

National Transit Tribute to Rosa Parks Day

National Twin With Your Dog Day (UK)

National Water Safety Day (Australia)

National Women Support Women Day

National Zinc Day

Operation Santa Paws begins [until 21st]

Peaceful Easy Feeling Day (San Diego, California)

Playboy Magazine Day

Prisoners for Peace Day

Proclamation of the Republic (Central African Republic)

Rosa Parks Day (Ohio, Oregon) [also 2.4]

Scrabble Day

Teachers’ Day (Panama)

University Student Strike Day (Myanmar)

Wallace & Gromit’s Great British Tea Party begins (thru 21st)

Wax Day (French Republic)

Wear a Dress Day [also 6.1]

Weather Service Day

White Rabbit Day

World AIDS Day (UN)

Yukon Order of Pioneers Day

Ziua Unirii (Romania)

Food & Drink Celebrations

Dr. Pepper Day

Eat A Red Apple Day

International Maratheftiko Day

National Baked Alaska Day

National Fried Pie Day

National Peppermint Bark Day

National Pie Day [also 1.23]

1st Friday in December

Bandcamp Friday [1st Friday]

Bartender Appreciation Day [1st Friday]

Eccentric Day (Bell's Brewery; Michigan) [1st or 2nd Friday or Another Day]

Farmer’s Day (Ghana) [1st Friday]

Faux Fur Friday [1st Friday]

Gospel Day (Marshall Islands) [1st Friday]

International Sweater Vestival [2nd Friday after Thanksgiving]

National Salesperson Day [1st Friday]

Open It! Weekend begins [1st Friday]

Purple Friday (UK) [1st Friday]

Independence Days

Great Union Day (celebrating merger of Transylvania & Romania, 1918)

Iceland (from Denmark, 1918)

Portugal (from Spain, 1640) [a.k.a. Restoration of Independence]

Sancratosia (Declared; 2021) [unrecognized]

Feast Days

Alexander Briant (Christian; Saint)

Ansanus (Christian; Saint)

Barbes Diena (Sheep Fertility Festival; Ancient Latvia)

Bruna Pellesi (Christian; Blessed)

Castritian (Christian; Saint)

Charles de Foucauld (Christian; Blessed)

Edmund Campion (Christian; Saint)

Eligius (a.k.a. Eloy), Bishop of Noyon (Christian; Saint)

Evasius (Christian; Saint)

Feast for the Death of Aleister Crowley (Thelema)

Feast of Saints Kyle, Stan, Cartman and Kenny (Church of the SubGenius; Saints)

Festival for Neptune/Poseidon (Ancient Greece/Rome)

Festival for Pietas (Goddess of Devotion; Ancient Rome)

Francia (Positivist; Saint)

Grwst (Christian; Saint)

Juner (Muppetism)

Kalends of December (Ancient Rome)

Karl Schmidt-Rottluff (Artology)

Marijuana Sauce Day (Pastafarian)

Mindfulness Day (Zen Buddhism)

Mothra Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Nahum (Christian; Saint)

Nicholas Ferrar (Episcopal Church)

Ralph Sherwin (Christian; Saint)

Shiva’s Day (Pagan)

Ursicinus of Brescia (Christian; Saint)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Butsumetsu (仏滅 Japan) [Unlucky all day.]

Premieres

Adventures of Don Juan (Film; 1948)

Alice and the Three Bears (Disney Cartoon; 1924)

Axis: Bold As Love, by Jimi Hendrix (Album; 1967)

Beebo Saves Christmas (WB Animated TV Special)

Blondie, by Blondie (Album; 1976)

The Booze Hangs High (WB LT Cartoon; 1930)

Candide, by Leonard Bernstein (Operetta; 1956)

A Charlie Brown Christmas, by Vince Guarldi (Soundtrack Album; 1965)

Christmas Vacation (Film; 1989)

A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court, by Mark Twain (Novel; 1884)

Dark (German TV Series; 2017)

The Floating Admiral, by the Detection Club (Mystery Novel; 1931)

Follow Me Boys (Film; 1966)

The Girl Can’t Help It (Rock Music Film; 1956)

Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens (Novel; 1836)

Happy Xmas (War Is Over), by John Lennon (Song; 1971)

Hi, Hi, Hi, by Wings (Song; 1972)

The House of the Rising Sun, by Frijid Pink (Song; 1969)

Kim, by Rudyard Kipling (Novel; 1900)

The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentlemen, by Laurence Sterne (Novel; 1759)

The Maltese Falcon, by Dashiell Hammett (Novel; 1930)

National Lampoon’s Christmas Vacation (Film; 1989)

No Logo, by Naomi Klein Book; 1999)

Northanger Abbey, by Jane Austen (Novel; 1817) [#5]

The Philadelphia Story (Film; 1940)

Playboy Magazine (Adult Magazine; 1953)

Promises, Promises (Broadway Musical; 1968)

The Return of the King (Film; 2003) [Lord of the Rings #3]

The Shape of Water (Film; 2017)

The Simple Art of Murder, by Raymond Chandler (Novel; 1944)

Thank You (Falettinme Be Mice Elf Agin), by Sly and the Family Stone (Song; 1969)

The Thin Man, by Dashiell Hammett (Novel; 1934)

Withering Heights, by Emily Bronte (Novel; 1847)

Today’s Name Days

Blanka, Charles, Eligius, Natalie (Austria)

Blanka, Florencija, Kazimir, Natalija, Naum (Croatia)

Iva (Czech Republic)

Arnold (Denmark)

Oskar, Osmar, Oss (Estonia)

Oskar, Oskari (Finland)

Florence (France)

Blanka, Eligius, Natalie (Germany)

Areti, Jacob, Naoum, Philaretos, Theoklitos (Greece)

Elza (Hungary)

Ansano, Eligio (Italy)

Arnolds, Arvaldis (Latvia)

Algmina, Butigeidas, Eligijus, Natalija (Lithuania)

Arnljot, Arnold, Arnt (Norway)

Długosz, Edmund, Eliga, Eligiusz, Iwa, Natalia, Natalis, Platon, Sobiesława (Poland)

Filaret, Naum (Romania)

Edmund (Slovakia)

Blanca, Cándida, Eloy (Spain)

Oskar, Ossian (Sweden)

Bianca, Blanca, Blanche, Eli, Ely, Sherwin (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 335 of 2024; 30 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 5 of week 48 of 2023

Celtic Tree Calendar: Ruis (Elder) [Day 4 of 28]

Chinese: Month 10 (Gui-Hai), Day 19 (Gui-Si)

Chinese Year of the: Rabbit 4721 (until February 10, 2024)

Hebrew: 18 Kislev 5784

Islamic: 18 Jumada I 1445

J Cal: 5 Zima; Fiveday [5 of 30]

Julian: 18 November 2023

Moon: 81%: Waning Gibbous

Positivist: 27 Frederic (12th Month) [Francia]

Runic Half Month: Is (Stasis) [Day 6 of 15]

Season: Autumn (Day 69 of 89)

Zodiac: Sagittarius (Day 10 of 30)

Calendar Changes

December (Gregorian Calendar) [Month 12 of 12]

[suetravelblog]

Palace of the Parliament Bucharest Romania

Palace of the Parliament Bucharest Romania

Palace of the Parliament – DestiMap The Palace of Parliament or People’s House is “according to the World Record Academy, the heaviest and most expensive civil administrative building in the world”. Completed in 1997, it cost almost 4 billion Euros to build. In the administrative building category, it’s second in size only to the US Pentagon. The building has 12 levels above ground and 8…

[xghostthedog]

On December 1st 1918, the Union of Transylvania with Romania was declared, unifying the region with the Romanian kingdom

Aaaaaaa happy birthday my babiesss

Added a black and white version after looking at black and white photos during the time.

[griffinrampant]

Romanian Great Union Day

Today marks the day that the Romanian Kingdom incorporated the territories of Bessarabia, Bukovina, Transylvania, Banat, Crișana and Maramureș with the Kingdom of Romania in 1918. Technically, Bessarabia and Bukovina had been incorporated earlier that year, but December 1st brought the most new territory to the crown. I’m sure you won’t be surprised to know that many of those territories are represented in the arms - and there are a lot of them, so let’s get started!

Blazon: Azure an eagle displayed with wings inverted, in its beak a passion cross patonce at foot or, armed gules, in the dexter talon a sword and in the sinister a sceptre argent, crowned with the Steel Crown proper, overall an escutcheon per quarterly I azure an eagle displayed with wings inverted, in its beak a passion cross patonce at foot or armed gules between in chief a sun in splendor and a crescent increscent of the second (Wallachia); II gules an auroch’s head caboshed between in base a cinquefoil and a crescent decrescent argent, in chief between the horns a molet of five points or (Moldova); III gules issuant from water in base azure a bridge of two arches embattled, thereon a demi-lion rampant or brandishing a sabre proper (Oltenia and Banat); IV per bar gules azure and or, issuant therefrom an eagle displayed argent between in chief a sun in splendor or and a crescent decrescent of the fourth, in base seven towers gules (Transylvania); pointé in base azure two dolphins urinant respectant or

Okay. Obviously, there is a lot going on here, but the major motif (repeated twice) is the eagle or. The eagle charge is, unsurprisingly, derived from the Romans and also featured in the regional arms of Wallachia, although there it was sable (and thus somewhat closer to the Holy Roman Empire’s eagle). Wallachia’s eagle also has the cross in its beak - and exactly what that cross is is a whole separate conversation. I’ve gone off the depiction in the larger eagle, but it also shows up as a simple passion cross, a cross paté, etc. It’s described in some places as an “Orthodox cross,” but that phrasing doesn’t have any real heraldic meaning, and should not be confused with the double-barred cross patriarchal of the Russian Orthodox church. The eagle, cross, sun, and moon have been consistent Wallachian symbology since at least the Middle Ages. As one of the two principalities in the United Principalities that later became Romania in 1866, I suppose it’s only fair that Wallachia get double representation, though I suspect the Roman associations are really why it’s the larger background charge.

In the next quarter of the smaller escutcheon are the arms of Moldova (or, formerly, Moldavia), which have also remained pretty much exactly the same since it was a voivodeship. It looks like a bull’s head, and I was perfectly ready to blazon it as a bull’s head, but all the sources I found were very insistent about calling it an aurochs instead. The aurochs and the star have their own little legend, which holds that Dragoș, the first voivode of Moldavia, chased a bull marked with a star from his native Maramureș all the way to a river, where he killed it with the help of his hunting dog, Molda. Molda’s accomplishment resulted in both the river and later the principality receiving her name.

Banat and Oltenia appear to come as a unit, and certainly their symbols are very similar; Banat just used a lion, while Oltenia’s lion bore a sabre and appeared over Trajan’s Bridge. I guess it makes sense to combine those two, and I really like Oltenia’s arms, but I do feel a bit bad for Banat. I also just want to mention Dobruja, briefly, before we get into Transylvania; I don’t think there’s any deeper meaning behind the dolphins besides “this part’s next to the sea.”

Okay, Transylvania! Which I have covered on this blog before, but not in detail. They were granted in 1765 by the Holy Roman Empress Maria Theresa. The towers, sun, and moon are all pretty straightforward; the towers represent the ethnic Saxons, and the sun and moon, ancient grave symbols, represent the Székelys. The eagle is less clear; there are a number of very, very old coats, seals, and symbols that are connected to Transylvania and feature an eagle, but it’s unclear whether these were truly heraldic. It could be a version of the Polish eagle, or it could be intended to represent the Hungarian ethnic group.

The Romanian quarters were first established in 1866, though some were swapped out for others as their territorial dominion changed. In 1948, the Soviet Union did in fact grant Romania its own emblem, and it was so terrible that the symbol of resistance to communism was the USSR Romanian flag with the emblem literally cut out. (Yes, I know there are probably many more reasons that “empty flag” was adopted besides the visual nails-on-a-chalkboard of Soviet heraldry, but I like to think that was part of it.) The overall arms were adopted in almost their present form after the fall of communism in 1992, and the steel crown was added in 2016.

[lucianhodoboc]

Happy National Day, Romania! (2019)

Today, on December the 1st 2019, Romania celebrates its National Day today, marking 101 years since the Great Union.

In 1859, the southern region of Wallachia and the eastern region of Moldavia banded together as the Kingdom of Romania, and declared independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1877. The Resolution of the National Assembly joined Transylvania, Banat, Crişana, and Maramureş, with the Kingdom of Romania, further expanding the size of the nation.

In 1918, an accord making the union official passed without objection, having been ratified in the historic city of Alba Iulia, in the presence of over 100,000 people. The accord contained clauses that protected religious freedom, codified universal suffrage, and freedom of the press, it stood as a testament to the path Romania hoped to pursue.

[dancincu]

On December 1, 1918. this dude, Samoilă Mârza, was taking the only photographs that exist of the Great National Assembly at Alba Iulia that proclaimed the Union of Transylvania with Romania. This day is celebrated as Romania's national holiday. So here's to you old lady ... Happy Birthday Romania [ ] ¤ #FOUNTAINPEN: @opus88writing #eyedropper #Fountainpen Picnic, M nib #Opus88inktober ¤ #NOTEBOOK: @madebyendless Recorder Notebook – Deep Ocean, A5 size, blank layout via ¤ #INK: @Montblanc Irish Green the one and only #thegreenofmylife • • • [ ] Hashtags ... please ignore: #WhatArchitectsDraw #Architect #Architects #DanCINCU #ArchitectResita #Drawing #InkSketc #SketchBook #ArchitectureSketch #FountainpenInk #FountainpenGeeks #notebook #SamoilăMârza #lamultianiromania #happybirthdayromania #DoSomethingCreativeEveryDay [ ] #设计师 #معماری (la Alba Iulia) https://www.instagram.com/p/B5gSgcUgZKb/?igshid=x1ivr875dru5

[gwendolynlerman]

Discovering the world

Hungary 🇭🇺

Basic facts

Official name: Magyarország

Capital city: Budapest

Population: 9.5 million (2023)

Demonym: Hungarian

Type of government: unitary parliamentary republic

Head of state: Tamás Sulyok (President)

Head of government: Viktor Orbán (Prime Minister)

Gross domestic product (purchasing power parity): $438 billion (2023)

Gini coefficient of wealth inequality: 29% (low) (2023)

Human Development Index: 0.851 (very high) (2022)

Currency: forint (HUF)

Fun fact: It has the largest thermal cave system in the world.

Etymology

The country’s name comes from the Latinized form of the Greek Oungroi, which might be a borrowing from Oghur-Turkic Onogur (“ten [tribes of the] Ogurs”). The H- derives from historical associations from the Huns. The endonym is composed of magyar (“Hungarian”) and ország (“country”).

Geography

Hungary is located in Central Europe and borders Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and Slovenia to the southwest, and Austria to the west.

There are two main climates: subtropical highland in the southwest, hot-summer humid continental in the center, and warm-summer humid continental in the rest. Temperatures range from −6 °C (21.2 °F) in winter to 28 °C (82.4 °F) in summer. The average annual temperature is 10.6 °C (51 °F).

The country is divided into nineteen counties (vármegye). The largest cities in Hungary are Budapest, Debrecen, Szeged, Miskolc, and Pécs.

History

6200-4500 BCE: Starčevo–Körös–Criș culture

5500-4500 BCE: Linear Pottery culture

5400-4500 BCE: Vinča culture

5000-4000 BCE: Lengyel culture

4500-4000 BCE: Tiszapolgár culture

4000-3600 BCE: Bodrogkeresztúr culture

3600-2690 BCE: Baden culture

2800-1800 BCE: Bell Beaker culture

1300-750 BCE: Urnfield culture

800-450 BCE: Hallstatt culture

450-1 BCE: La Tène culture

8-433 CE: Roman Empire

469-553: Kingdom of Italy

895-1000: Grand Principality of Hungary

1000-1918: Kingdom of Hungary

1241: Mongol invasion

1366-1526: Hungarian-Ottoman Wars

1541-1699: Ottoman Hungary

1570-1711: Principality of Transylvania

1703-1711: Rákóczi’s War of Independence

1848: Hungarian Revolution

1867-1918: Austro-Hungarian Empire

1918-1919: Hungarian People’s Republic; Hungarian-Romanian War

1919-1920: Hungarian Republic

1920-1946: Kingdom of Hungary

1946-1949: Hungarian Republic

1949-1989: Hungarian People’s Republic

1989-present: Hungary

Economy

Hungary mainly imports from Germany, Austria, and China and exports to Germany, Romania, and Italy. Its top exports are motor cars, animal feed, and sunflower oil.

It has bauxite, coal, and natural gas reserves. Services represent 64.8% of the GDP, followed by industry (31.1%) and agriculture (3.9%).

Hungary is a member of the Council of Europe, the European Union, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, and the Visegrád Group.

Demographics

Ethnic Hungarians represent 87.9% of the population, followed by the Roma (2.2%) and Germans (1.5%). The main religion is Christianity, practiced by 42.5% of the population, 29.2% of which is Catholic.

It has a positive net migration rate and a fertility rate of 1.5 children per woman. 73% of the population lives in urban areas. Life expectancy is 76.1 years and the median age is 42 years. The literacy rate is 99%.

Languages

The official language of the country is Hungarian, spoken by 99.6% of the population. English is spoken by 16% of the population. There are several recognized minority languages: Armenian, Bulgarian, Croatian, German, Greek, Romani, Romanian, Rusyn, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, and Ukrainian.

Culture

Spas, ceramics, and embroidery are important parts of Hungarian culture. Hungarians are introverted, but also very direct.

Men traditionally wear a white shirt, a black vest, wide pants (gatya), black boots, and a black brimmed hat. Women wear a baggy, short-sleeved blouse, a vest (mellrevaló), a layered skirt (rokolya), and a coif with a veil.

Architecture

Traditional houses in Hungary have white walls, thatched roofs, high ceilings, and motifs on the facade.

Cuisine

The Hungarian diet is based on bread, dairy products, meat, and vegetables. Typical dishes include csirkepaprikás (chicken stew with paprika and sour cream), dobostorta (a sponge cake layered with chocolate buttercream and caramel), gulyás (a meat and vegetable stew with paprika), rakott krumpli (potato casserole with bacon, eggs, onions, paprika, quark cheese, sour cream, and spicy sausage), and túrós csusza (noodles with quark cheese).

Holidays and festivals

Like other Christian countries, Hungary celebrates Good Friday, Easter Monday, Whit Monday, All Saints’ Day, Christmas Day, and Second Day of Christmas. It also commemorates New Year’s Day and Labor Day.

Specific Hungarian holidays include National Day on March 15 and October 23, and State Foundation Day on August 20.

National Day

Other celebrations include the Bondoró Festival, which features bands, circus artists, flamethrowers, and marionettes; the Busó Walking of Mohács, when people wear scary masks, and the Debrecen Flower Carnival.

Busó Walking of Mohács

Landmarks

There are eight UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Budapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue, Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst, Early Christian Necropolis of Pécs, Fertö/Neusiedlersee Cultural Landscape, Hortobágy National Park, Millenary Benedictine Abbey of Pannonhalma and its Natural Environment, Old Village of Hollókő and its Surroundings, and Tokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape.

Hortobágy National Park

Other landmarks include the Caves of Lillafüred, the Dohany Synagogue, the Esztergom Castle, the Pécs Cathedral, and the Széchenyi Bridge.

Dohany Synagogue

Famous people

Barbara Palvin - model

Bela Lugosi - actor

Ferenc Puskás - soccer player

Franz Liszt - composer and pianist

Harry Houdini - illusionist and stunt performer

Judit Polgár - chess player

Katinka Hosszú - swimmer

Myra Monoka - singer

Tommy Ramone - musician

Zsa Zsa Gabor - actress

Judit Polgár

You can find out more about life in Hungary in this article and this video.

[coltii-romanesti]

Today’s Google Doodle marks the 20th anniversary of Romania’s national holiday known as the Great Union Day or Unification Day. On this day in 1918, over 100,000 Romanians gathered in the city of Alba Iulia, as they watched Romanian leader Vasile Goldis declare Romania’s unification. Under the reign of King Ferdinand I, the Old Romanian Kingdom united with Transylvania and other neighboring lands, almost doubling the size of the Eastern European nation.

Proud Romanians spend this day off work celebrating with friends and family. Ceremonies, concerts, and parades take place in major cities like Bucharest and Alba Iulia, where the national anthem „Deșteaptă-te, române!” (”Awaken thee, Romanian!” is sure to be heard. The Romanian flag seen in today’s Doodle flies over private homes and public landmarks in honor of the unification that took place 100 years ago—blue for Transylvania, yellow for Wallachia, and red for Moldova.

Happy National Day, Romania!

Source: google.com doodle

[draculachronicle]

#Onthisday, December 1, 1918, the great union of the Romanian lands to form modern Romania took place when the grand National Assembly at Alba Iulia declared the union of Transylvania with Romania! As the 100th anniversary of this great achievement in the history of the Romanian people is commemorated, it is fitting to reflect on the first time that union was achieved in the year 1600 when Michael the Brave entered Alba Iulia triumphantly,… Some Thoughts on Michael the Brave draculachronicle.com/2018/08/06/som… via @draculachron #MichaeltheBrave #Romania #MihaiViteazul #RomanianHistory #Unionof1600 #Wallachia #Moldavia #Transylvania #AlbaIulia #history #otd https://www.instagram.com/p/Bq1q-_nlH8D/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=o93c3sugho1o

[brookston]

Holidays 12.1

Holidays

Antarctica Day

Basketball Day

Battle of the Sinop Day (Russia)

Becky Thatcher Day

Bifocals at the Monitor Liberation Day

Bizarre Bazaar

Chia Pet Hunting Season begins

Civil Air Patrol Day

Commemoration Day (UAE)

Crossing of the Cattle at Diafarabe (Mali)

Damrong Rajanuhab Day (Thailand)

Data Innovation Day

Day of the First President (Kazakhstan)

Day With(out) Art

First President Day (Kazakhstan)

Freedom and Democracy Day (Chad)

Fullveldisdagurinn (a.k.a. Self-Governance Day; Iceland)

Indigenous Faith Day (Arunachal, India)

International Prisoners for Peace Day

Military Abolition Day (Costa Rica)

MMMHop Beer Day

My Husband Strung the Xmas Lights and Now I Can't Open the Garage Door Day

National Christmas Book Day

National Christmas Lights Day

National Day of Courage

National Jandal Day (New Zealand)

National Online Risk and Compliance Day

National Sabbath-Keeping Schools Day

National Transit Tribute to Rosa Parks Day

National Women Support Women Day

National Zinc Day

Operation Santa Paws begins [until 21st]

Peaceful Easy Feeling Day (San Diego, California)

Playboy Magazine Day

Prisoners for Peace Day

Proclamation of the Republic (Central African Republic)

Rosa Parks Day (Ohio, Oregon) [also 2.4]

Scrabble Day

Special Kids Day [1st Wednesday]

Teachers’ Day (Panama)

University Student Strike Day (Myanmar)

Wallace & Gromit’s Great British Tea Party begins (thru 21st)

Wear a Dress Day [also 6.1]

Weather Service Day

World AIDS Day (UN)

World Trick Shot Day

Yukon Order of Pioneers Day

Ziua Unirii (Romania)

Food & Drink Celebrations

Dr. Pepper Day

Eat A Red Apple Day

National Baked Alaska Day

National Fried Pie Day

National Pie Day [also 1.23]

1st Thursday in December

Lover's Fair (Arlon, Belgium) [1st Thursday]

Independence Days

Great Union Day (celebrating merger of Transylvania & Romania, 1918)

Iceland (from Denmark, 1918)

Portugal (from Spain, 1640) [a.k.a. Restoration of Independence]

Feast Days

Alexander Briant (Christian; Saint)

Ansanus (Christian; Saint)

Barbes Diena (Sheep Fertility Festival; Ancient Latvia)

Bruna Pellesi (Christian; Blessed)

Castritian (Christian; Saint)

Charles de Foucauld (Christian; Blessed)

Edmund Campion (Christian; Saint)

Eligius (a.k.a. Eloy), Bishop of Noyon (Christian; Saint)

Evasius (Christian; Saint)

Feast for the Death of Aleister Crowley (Thelema)

Feast of Saints Kyle, Stan, Cartman and Kenny (Church of the SubGenius; Saints)

Festival for Neptune/Poseidon (Ancient Greece/Rome)

Festival for Pietas (Goddess of Devotion; Ancient Rome)

Francia (Positivist; Saint)

Grwst (Christian; Saint)

Juner (Muppetism)

Kalends of December (Ancient Rome)

Marijuana Sauce Day (Pastafarian)

Mindfulness Day (Zen Buddhism)

Mothra Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Nahum (Christian; Saint)

Nicholas Ferrar (Episcopal Church)

Ralph Sherwin (Christian; Saint)

Ursicinus of Brescia (Christian; Saint)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Shakku (赤口 Japan) [Bad luck all day, except at noon.]

Premieres

Adventures of Don Juan (Film; 1948)

Axis: Bold As Love, by Jimi Hendrix (Album; 1967)

Blondie, by Blondie (Album; 1976)

Candide, by Leonard Bernstein (Operetta; 1956)

A Charlie Brown Christmas, by Vince Guarldi (Soundtrack Album; 1965)

Christmas Vacation (Film; 1989)

A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court, by Mark Twain (Novel; 1884)

Dark (German TV Series; 2017)

The Floating Admiral, by the Detection Club (Mystery Novel; 1931)

The Girl Can’t Help It (Rock Music Film; 1956)

Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens (Novel; 1836)

Happy Xmas (War Is Over), by John Lennon (Song; 1971)

Hi, Hi, Hi, by Wings (Song; 1972)

The House of the Rising Sun, by Frijid Pink (Song; 1969)

Kim, by Rudyard Kipling (Novel; 1900)

The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentlemen, by Laurence Sterne (Novel; 1759)

No Logo, by Naomi Klein Book; 1999)

Northanger Abbey, by Jane Austen (Novel; 1817) [#5]

Promises, Promises (Broadway Musical; 1968)

Return of the King (Film; 2003) [Lord of the Rings #3]

The Thin Man, by Dashiell Hammett (Novel; 1934)

Withering Heights, by Emily Bronte (Novel; 1847)

Today’s Name Days

Blanka, Charles, Eligius, Natalie (Austria)

Blanka, Florencija, Kazimir, Natalija, Naum (Croatia)

Iva (Czech Republic)

Arnold (Denmark)

Oskar, Osmar, Oss (Estonia)

Oskar, Oskari (Finland)

Florence(France)

Blanka, Eligius, Natalie (Germany)

Areti, Jacob, Naoum, Philaretos, Theoklitos (Greece)

Elza (Hungary)

Ansano, Eligio (Italy)

Arnolds, Arvaldis (Latvia)

Algmina, Butigeidas, Eligijus, Natalija (Lithuania)

Arnljot, Arnold, Arnt (Norway)

Długosz, Edmund, Eliga, Eligiusz, Iwa, Natalia, Natalis, Platon, Sobiesława (Poland)

Edmund (Slovakia)

Blanca, Cándida, Eloy (Spain)

Oskar, Ossian (Sweden)

Bianca, Blanca, Blanche, Eli, Ely, Sherwin (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 335 of 2022; 30 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 4 of week 48 of 2022

Celtic Tree Calendar: Ruis (Elder) [Day 6 of 28]

Chinese: Month 11 (Dōngyuè), Day 8 (Wu-Zi)

Chinese Year of the: Tiger (until January 22, 2023)

Hebrew: 7 Kislev 5783

Islamic: 7 Jumada I 1444

J Cal: 5 Zima; Foursday [5 of 30]

Julian: 18 November 2022

Moon: 61%: Waxing Gibbous

Positivist: 27 Frederic (12th Month) [Francia]

Runic Half Month: Is (Stasis) [Day 7 of 15

Season: Autumn (Day 70 of 90)

Zodiac: Sagittarius (Day 9 of 30)

Calendar Changes

December (Gregorian Calendar) [Month 12 of 12]

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 12.1 (before 1950)

800 – A council is convened in the Vatican, at which Charlemagne is to judge the accusations against Pope Leo III. 1420 – Henry V of England enters Paris alongside his father-in-law King Charles VI of France. 1577 – Courtiers Christopher Hatton and Thomas Heneage are knighted by Queen Elizabeth I of England. 1640 – End of the Iberian Union: Portugal acclaims as King João IV of Portugal, ending 59 years of personal union of the crowns of Portugal and Spain and the end of the rule of the Philippine Dynasty. 1662 – Diarist John Evelyn records skating on the frozen lake in St James's Park, London, watched by Charles II and Queen Catherine. 1768 – The former slave ship Fredensborg sinks off Tromøya in Norway. 1821 – José Núñez de Cáceres wins the independence of the Dominican Republic from Spain and names the new territory the Republic of Spanish Haiti. 1822 – Pedro I is crowned Emperor of Brazil. 1824 – United States presidential election: Since no candidate received a majority of the total electoral college votes in the election, the United States House of Representatives is given the task of deciding the winner in accordance with the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution. 1828 – Argentine general Juan Lavalle makes a coup against governor Manuel Dorrego, beginning the Decembrist revolution. 1834 – Slavery is abolished in the Cape Colony in accordance with the Slavery Abolition Act 1833. 1862 – In his State of the Union Address President Abraham Lincoln reaffirms the necessity of ending slavery as ordered ten weeks earlier in the Emancipation Proclamation. 1865 – Shaw University, the first historically black university in the southern United States, is founded in Raleigh, North Carolina. 1878 – President Rutherford B. Hayes gets the first telephone installed in the White House. 1900 – Nicaragua sells canal rights to U.S. for $5 million. The canal agreement fails in March 1901. Great Britain rejects amended treaty. 1913 – The Buenos Aires Metro, the first underground railway system in the Southern Hemisphere and in Latin America, begins operation. 1913 – Crete, having obtained self rule from Turkey after the First Balkan War, is annexed by Greece. 1918 – Transylvania unites with Romania, following the incorporation of Bessarabia (March 27) and Bukovina (November 28) and thus concluding the Great Union. 1918 – Iceland becomes a sovereign state, yet remains a part of the Danish kingdom. 1918 – The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later known as the Kingdom of Yugoslavia) is proclaimed. 1919 – Lady Astor becomes the first female Member of Parliament (MP) to take her seat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. (She had been elected to that position on November 28.) 1924 – The National Hockey League's first United States-based franchise, the Boston Bruins, plays their first game in league play at home, at the still-extant Boston Arena indoor hockey facility. 1934 – Sergei Kirov is assassinated, paving way for the repressive Great Purge, and Vinnytsia massacre by General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin. 1939 – World War II: A day after the beginning of the Winter War in Finland, the Cajander III Cabinet resigns and is replaced by the Ryti I Cabinet, while the Finnish Parliament move from Helsinki to Kauhajoki to escape the Soviet airstrikes. 1941 – World War II: Emperor Hirohito of Japan gives his tacit approval to the decision of the imperial council to initiate war against the United States. 1941 – World War II: Fiorello La Guardia, Mayor of New York City and Director of the Office of Civilian Defense, signs Administrative Order 9, creating the Civil Air Patrol.

[womprat99]

The Thing About Today – December 1

The Thing About Today – December 1

December 1, 2020 Day 336 of 366

December 1st is the 336th day of the year. There are 30 days remaining in 2020.

It is Great Union Day (Ziua Marii Uniri) in Romania, marking the unification of Transylvania, Bessarabia, and Bukovina with the Romanian Kingdom in 1918.

In the United States, today is “celebrated” as National Pie Day, National Eat a Red Apple Day, Bifocals at the Monitor…

[gouachevalier]

Coronation Cathedral in Alba Iulia, Romania

The Coronation Cathedral (Romanian: Catedrala Încoronării), dedicated to the Holy Trinity and the Holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel, is a Romanian Orthodox cathedral located at 16 Mihai Viteazul Street, Alba Iulia, Romania. Built soon after and in commemoration of the Union of Transylvania with Romania, it is the seat of the Romanian Orthodox Archdiocese of Alba Iulia.

Built in 1921–1922, the cathedral was ready in time for the coronation of King Ferdinand and Queen Marie as monarchs of Greater Romania on 15 October 1922. This event, which took place in the same city where the Union of Transylvania with Romania occurred on 1 December 1918, was meant to give the union added symbolic and religious weight.Ferdinand, a Roman Catholic, objected to being crowned inside an Orthodox church, so the coronation ceremony was held outside in the courtyard. In commemoration of the event, busts of the king and queen were placed on the grounds in 2008.

(Source: Wikipedia)

[davidstanleytravel]

The National Museum of the Union in Alba Iulia, Romania, documents the unification of the Romanian Principalities and Transylvania in 1918.