#13 November 1851

[rabbitcruiser]

The founding of Seattle is usually dated from the arrival of the Denny Party on November 13, 1851, at Alki Point.

[scotianostra]

15th February 1817 saw the birth in Glasgow of Robert Angus Smith.

You may not have heard of him, or maybe you read about him in my previous post? Anyway we have all heard of acid rain, defined by National Geographic magazine thus: “Acid rain describes any form of precipitation that contains high levels of nitric and sulfuric acids. It can also occur in the form of snow, fog, and tiny bits of dry material that settle to Earth.”

The words “acid rain” were coined as long ago as 1859 by Angus Smith, who seven years earlier had made the discovery that northern cities across Britain were suffering from rainfall that contained heavy pollutants that were the result of the burning of coal that was rich in sulphur. His research found that the worst-affected city was his home town of Glasgow.

Robert Angus Smith was born in Pollokshaws the seventh son and 12th child of John Smith, originally from Ayrshire, and his wife Janet, daughter of James Thomson who owned a mill at Strathaven in Lanarkshire.

His elder brother John was a big influence on Angus’s life. John eventually became a senior teacher at Perth Academy, and was himself a scientist who would research theories on colour and light. He encouraged his younger brother to read the works of Joseph Priestley, the pioneering English chemist, and Angus Smith was greatly influenced by Priestley’s writings.

He attended Glasgow University from the age of 13, apparently to prepare for a career in the Church of Scotland ministry, but he left without graduating and then became a tutor to families, first in Scotland and then in England. In 1839 he accompanied the Bridgeman family to Germany where he remained to study under the Professor Justus Liebeg, gaining his PhD in 1841.

On returning to England he took a post at Manchester Royal Institution as assistant to Lyon Playfair, an Indian-born Scot and a scientist and politician.

Playfair passed on his own interest in the sanitation of towns and cities to Angus Smith, who left the Institution to set up in business as an analytical chemist. As concern grew about pollution, his services were in demand, and in one famous experiment he waited until a crowded room had emptied then collected the residue on windows to prove that human breath exuded not just carbon dioxide but organic matter dangerous to health.

Smith once graphically described the effects of Manchester’s polluted atmosphere, in a letter to the Manchester Guardian published on November 2, 1844.

He wrote: “Coming in from the country last week on a beautiful morning, when the air was unusually clear and fresh, I was surprised to find Manchester was enjoying the atmosphere of a dark December day… Those who would defend such evils, who would remain careless as long as any probable cause is unremoved, must surely be devoid not only of mercy, but of clear perception and of good taste. The gloominess of uncleanness is everywhere around us.”

In 1851 he began the research that would make him the “father of acid rain” as he is often known. Smith proved that sulphur compounds in the air of towns and cities were the result of burning coal and coke transported in air and rainwater, and even as the industrial revolution was bringing more and more factories into being, Smith was arguing that manufacturers should be held responsible for their pollution.

He investigated poor housing and water quality, and published numerous papers that formed the basis of the developing science of environmental chemistry. One report on the problems of pollution for the Royal Mines Commission was particularly devastating in its scientific indictment of the polluters.

Smith was called as an expert witness in a court case over factory and mine pollution and his testimony was convincing. Consequently when the British Government decided to legislate – in the Alkali Act of 1863 – to try and cut pollution from mining and manufacturing, there was really only one man to turn to as the first chief of the alkali inspectorate and thus Smith spent much of the next two decades transforming attitudes to pollution.

In 1872 Smith published his Air and Rain, the beginnings of a Chemical Climatology, in which he collected the result of his experiments. It proved how ground-breaking his work had been.

With honorary degrees from both Glasgow and Edinburgh University, Angus Smith was honoured in his own lifetime. His health declined badly in his later years and he died at at Colwyn Bay, North Wales, on May 12, 1884, being buried in the churchyard of St Paul’s, Kersal, Manchester.

He was paid a most generous tribute in the first edition of Nature magazine following his death: “For upwards of 40 years he laboured unceasingly to show how chemistry might minister to the material comfort and physical well-being of men — not in the manufacture of new compounds useful in the arts, or in the establishment of new industries – but in raising the general standard of the health of communities by checking or counteracting the evils which have followed in the train of that enormous development of the manufacturing arts which is the boast of this century.

“In his true vocation, as the chemist of sanitary science, Smith worked alone, and we have yet to find the man on whom his mantle has fallen."

[northoftheroad]

I posted 386 times in 2022

148 posts created (38%)

238 posts reblogged (62%)

Blogs I reblogged the most:

@hood-ex

@iconuk01

@northoftheroad

@fantastic-nonsense

@batphobique

I tagged 368 of my posts in 2022

Only 5% of my posts had no tags

#dick grayson - 237 posts

#nightwing - 211 posts

#robin - 200 posts

#batman - 179 posts

#bruce wayne - 82 posts

#damian wayne - 34 posts

#dc comics - 33 posts

#jason todd - 26 posts

#tim drake - 18 posts

#31dod - 18 posts

Longest Tag: 132 characters

#because bruce wayne has put a lot of money and effort in making gotham a better place but storytelling logic means it can never work

My Top Posts in 2022:

#5

Hello~ if you could pick three personality traits that define Dick the most, which would you choose (and why)? Thanks!

I guess I would say...

Kind. He does what he does because he wants to help people, and I'd say it's also a part of what makes him a good leader and team player. (Star Spangled Comics # 100)

See the full post

390 notes - Posted March 24, 2022

#4

Rick Leonardi on Twitter.

527 notes - Posted November 23, 2022

#3

Ten-ish panels to sum up Dick Grayson

@roma107 challenged me some time back: “10 Nightwing Panels That Perfectly Sum Up His Character. Your turn. Go.” It’s been hard to even get close, and in the end I couldn't quite keep it to ten panels... But, enjoy disagreeing with me all the same. 😉

1. Robin vol 2 # 13 (1995)

Dick has issues with Bruce – they have had occasional problems with communication since the early 1940s – but he is loyal to a fault.

See the full post

591 notes - Posted December 11, 2022

#2

618 notes - Posted October 30, 2022

My #1 post of 2022

Ophelia by John Everett Millais (1851)

Detective Comics # 1067 (2022) Edit: the artist is Colleen Doran.

1,965 notes - Posted September 16, 2022

Get your Tumblr 2022 Year in Review →

[theuserformerlyknownas778]

Cat, No. 226 Jackson Street, Mill Hill, Trenton, New Jersey, United States by Billy Wilson Photography "Mill Hill is a historic neighborhood located within the city of Trenton in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. It is considered to be part of Downtown Trenton and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. The name Mill Hill refers to central New Jersey's first industrial site, a mill, erected in 1679, at the southeast corner of the present Broad Street crossing of the Assunpink Creek. Mill Hill and its wooden mill were among the holdings of the first settler in the vicinity of Trenton, Mahlon Stacy, a Quaker who arrived in North America in 1678. The mill was destroyed in a flood. Trenton is the capital city of the U.S. state of New Jersey, the county seat of Mercer County and was the capital of the United States from November 1 to December 24, 1784. The city's metropolitan area, consisting of Mercer County, is grouped with the New York Metropolitan Area by the United States Census Bureau, but it directly borders the Philadelphia metropolitan area and was from 1990 until 2000 part of the Philadelphia Combined Statistical Area. As of the 2020 U.S. census, Trenton had a population of 90,871, making it the state's 10th-largest municipality. Trenton dates back at least to June 3, 1719, when mention was made of a constable being appointed for Trenton while the area was still part of Hunterdon County. Boundaries were recorded for Trenton Township as of March 2, 1720. A courthouse and jail were constructed in Trenton around 1720, and the Freeholders of Hunterdon County met annually in Trenton. Trenton received its first Postmaster in 1764. On November 25, 1790, the Trenton became New Jersey's capital, and by November 13, 1792 the City of Trenton was formed within Trenton Township. Trenton Township was incorporated as one of New Jersey's initial group of 104 townships by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 21, 1798. On February 22, 1834, portions of Trenton Township were taken to form Ewing Township. The remaining portion of Trenton Township was absorbed by the City of Trenton on April 10, 1837. A series of annexations took place over a 50-year period, with the city absorbing South Trenton (April 14, 1851), portions of Nottingham Township (April 14, 1856), both the Borough of Chambersburg Township, and Millham Township (both on March 30, 1888), as well as Wilbur Borough (February 28, 1898). Portions of Ewing Township and Hamilton Township were annexed to Trenton on March 23, 1900." - info from Wikipedia. The fall of 2022 I did my 3rd major cycling tour. I began my adventure in Montreal, Canada and finished in Savannah, GA. This tour took me through the oldest parts of Quebec and the 13 original US states. During this adventure I cycled 7,126 km over the course of 2.5 months and took more than 68,000 photos. As with my previous tours, a major focus was to photograph historic architecture. Now on Instagram. Become a patron to my photography on Patreon or donate. https://flic.kr/p/2ockvzp

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 11.14 (before 1970)

332 BC – Alexander the Great is crowned pharaoh of Egypt. 1680 – German astronomer Gottfried Kirch discovers the Great Comet of 1680, the first comet to be discovered by telescope. 1770 – James Bruce discovers what he believes to be the source of the Nile. 1812 – Napoleonic Wars: At the Battle of Smoliani, French Marshals Victor and Oudinot are defeated by the Russians under General Peter Wittgenstein. 1851 – Moby-Dick, a novel by Herman Melville, is published in the USA. 1889 – Pioneering female journalist Nellie Bly (aka Elizabeth Cochrane) begins a successful attempt to travel around the world in less than 80 days. She completes the trip in 72 days. 1910 – Aviator Eugene Burton Ely performs the first takeoff from a ship in Hampton Roads, Virginia, taking off from a makeshift deck on the USS Birmingham in a Curtiss pusher. 1914 – The Joensuu City Hall, designed by Eliel Saarinen, was inaugurated in Joensuu, Finland. 1918 – The Provisional National Assembly of the new republic of Czechoslovakia meets to devise a constitution. 1920 – Pesäpallo, the Finnish version of baseball developed by Lauri Pihkala, is played for the first time at Kaisaniemi Park in Helsinki. 1921 – The Communist Party of Spain is founded, and issues the first edition of Mundo obrero. 1922 – The British Broadcasting Company begins radio service in the United Kingdom. 1938 – The Lions Gate Bridge, connecting Vancouver to the North Shore region, opens to traffic. 1940 – World War II: In England, Coventry is heavily bombed by German Luftwaffe bombers. Coventry Cathedral is almost completely destroyed. 1941 – World War II: The aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal sinks due to torpedo damage from the German submarine U-81 sustained on November 13. 1941 – World War II: German troops, aided by local auxiliaries, murder nine thousand residents of the Słonim Ghetto in a single day. 1952 – The New Musical Express publishes the first regular UK Singles Chart. 1957 – The "Apalachin meeting" in rural Tioga County in upstate New York is raided by law enforcement; many high-level Mafia figures are arrested while trying to flee. 1960 – Ruby Bridges becomes the first black child to attend an all-white elementary school in Louisiana. 1965 – Vietnam War: The Battle of Ia Drang begins: The first major engagement between regular American and North Vietnamese forces. 1967 – The Congress of Colombia, in commemoration of the 150th anniversary of the death of Policarpa Salavarrieta, declares this day as "Day of the Colombian Woman". 1967 – American physicist Theodore Maiman is given a patent for his ruby laser systems, the world's first laser. 1969 – Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 12, the second crewed mission to the surface of the Moon.

[uniquejellyfishqueen]

November

*11/17 is the 317 day of the year. 3/17 is the day the ET started.

*11/16 is national button day

11/2/1721 Peter I was proclaimed Emperor of all the Russias *she has a song “Peter”

11/4/1842 Abraham Lincoln married Mary Todd in Soringfield, Illinois (I wonder if their wedding cake was made from dogs and cats?)

11/13/1887: Bloody Sunday

11/14/1888 St. Andrews Golf Club in Yonkers, NY opens with just 6 holes.

11/4/1890 the first electrified underground railway system is opened in London

11/17/1896: The Western Pennsylvania Hockey League is formed

11/12/1908 GM acquired Olds Motor Works

November 1911: William C.Durant and Swiss race car driver Louis Chevrolet founded the Chevrolet Motor Company GM then acquired it in 1918.

11/25/1915 KKK Rebirth & Revival at Stone Mountain

11/4/1916: Walter Cronkite born in St. Jospeh, Missouri. He was widely regarded as America’s most trusted journalist. He passed away in 2009.

*Eminem was also born in St Joesph Missouri, born 10/17/1972. On 8/18/2007 TS performed in St Joseph Missouri at Trails West! No set list to be found, but she did perform with Craig Morgan. -> “I forgot how the West was won.” -> Craig Morgan born 7/17/1964 is a veteran of the US Army as a forward observer and a current member of the Army Reserve. His 1st single from his 3rd album “That’s What I Love About Sunday” was released on 11/1/2004-> “pick up the Sunday Times, grab my coffee cup”. First thing on that lyric is that the New York Times have been publishing Sunday editions since 4/21/1861 but didn’t print a Sunday Edition for the 1st 10 years of its publication. The first issue if the newspaper, published on 9/18/1851 stated that the paper was published every morning, except on Sundays. I’m picturing Vernon Dursley looking all crazy being happy about “No post on Sundays” second thing to add to this is that in 1896 Adolph Ochs bought the paper and added a Sunday Magazine section to the paper. The first issue of the magazine was published on 9/6/1896 (69 is the zodiac sign for Cancer btw) it featured the first photographs ever printed in the newspaper. Ochs also banned fiction, comic strips, and gossip columns from the paper. -> and on 11/8/2024 TS was caught on a pap walk in NYC wearing a dress that I was calling a ‘Statement Piece” until I learned the name of the dress itself is “Sunday Striped Cotton Dress” -> which can roll off her history with Craig Morgan but it is also coincidental that there are “You’ve been selected to pick cotton on 11/15/24 you’ll be picked up in a brown van” text messages being brought to the internets attention… we are the media now, no one ever said we were telling true stories. The past participle of sew is sewn: to join, fasten, repair. She’s running with her dress unbottoned because the repair takes time. Also this Sunday 2 days after the cotton dress, is Reputations 7th birthday. (6th album 7th birthday = 13) red is 3 letters lover is 5 letters that = 8. 6th album R=18 7th album L=12. Added all together you would get 12, we are waiting on TS 12 but 12 can be broken down to 3 and thats speak now which has 9 gowns for 1 song. So 9+3 also = 12. Speak Now is 2 words Evermore is 2 words in 1. 122 is the emergency number in Egypt. SNE=19145=20=2. Speak Now and Evermore are both 8 letters in total, 8+8=16=7. And Reputation is turning 7. ****And the 7th letter is 2 which to me means Fearless, since thats her 2nd album. She has to be fearless to speak her truth, right? And isn’t the point of her defending her reputation and name is for her to finally be able to have the strength and courage to speak now. Could TS 12 be a compilation album of sorts?

11/16/1926: The Montreal Maroons win the New York Rangers ice hockey club first game 1-0

11/17/1940: GB Packers are the first team to travel by plane.

11/13/1941 David Green, the founder of Hobby Lobby

11/12/1954: Ellis Island off the Coast of New York ceases operations

11/23/1954 GM celebrated its 50 millionth car with a parade in Flint, Michigan. The parade featured the 50 millionth car a gold plated Chevrolet Bel Air Sport Coupe.

11/22/1963 JFK assassinated in Dallas, TX

-born in Brookline, Massachusetts on 5/29/1917. Age 46 when he died. (4 red, 6 rep) Area code for Brookline is 617. 6/17/23 was show #35 N2/2 Pittsburgh. She played Folklore (8th album/7th track) “Seven” and Speak Now (3rd album/7 track) “TSOU”

11/25/1963 JFK State funeral

11/14/1966 Muhammad Ali TKO’s Cleveland William in 3 rounds for the heavyweight title.

11/18/1968 McDonalds Golden Arches trademarked

11/14/1970: Almost all of the Marshall University football team are killed during the Southern Airways flight 932 crashed in West Virginia. Total of 75 people killed.

11/26/1971 50,000 guests visited the Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World the day after thanksgiving. **the park opened to the public on 10/1/1971, but the official grand opening and dedication was on 10/25/1971 (dude thats a bit ass backwards, unless you knew what you were doing price wise then that makes you an asshole.)

11/22/1977: The Denver Masonic Temple Building (5 minutes from Coors Field) a Richardsonian Romanesque style building from 1889. It was added to the NRHP on this date.

11/4/1979: about 500 young Iranian militants stormed the U.S Embassy in Teheran, Iran and took 90 hostages, including 52 Americans that they held captive for 444 days.

11/21/1980: High Indidelity REO Speedwagon released. It is their 9th studio album. *High Infidelity is only on Midnights 3AM (10th album according to some swifities, 12th album according to Forbes) (track 17) and Midnights Til The Dawn Editions. So this could be point to 12/9 which is the day after the Eras Tour ends.

11/11/1984: “Three Musketeers” opens at Broadway Theater for 9 performances.

11/15/1985: Jeffree Star DOB

11/22/1986: Wayne Gretzky of the Oilers is the 13th NHLer to score 500 goals

11/7/1991: Magic Johnson announces that he is HIV Positive

11/24/1991: Freddie Mercury, lead singer/ songwriter of the rock band Queen, dies of bronchial pneumonia resulting from AIDS

11/2/1992 There Is Nothing Left to Lose is the third studio album released by Foo Fighters

11/14/1993 Dale Earnhardt wins the 43rd NASCAR Sprint Cup

11/1995: DMB Satellite

11/4/1995: Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin was assassinated as he left a peace rally in Tel Aviv.

11/22/1995: Toy Story is released by Pixar as the first feature length film created completely from using computer generated imagery.

11/22/1995 Wizard of Oz Dreams Come True T.V musical performance

11/12/1996 Eminem Infinite

11/8/1994 Dewine 1st Republican Senate since 1970 (1970 was under a red administration all around I assume)

11/12/1997: Ramzi Yousef, a Pakistani born in Kuwait is found guilty of masterminding the 1993 World Trade Center bombing in NYC (2/26/1993 at 12:18 pm)

11/17/1997: Mario Lemieux enters the NHL HOF.

11/12/2001 American Airlines Flight 587 crashes into NYC minutes after taking off from JFK International Airport, killing all 260 on board and 5 on the ground.

11/15/2001: “Everyday” DMB

11/8/2002: 8 Mile

11/22/2002: More than 100 people are killed during an attack aimed at the contestants of the Miss World contest in Nigeria.

11/1/2004: Craig Morgan 1st single from his 3rd album “That’s What I Love About Sunday”

11/12/2004: Eminem Encore

11/13/2004: Shady National Convention

11/14/2005: Carrie Underwood Debut album “Some Hearts”

11/20/2005 Five Songs and a Cover an EP released by Foo Fighters exclusively to Best Buy Retail Stores. The cover song is “I Feel Free” by Cream, which feature Taylor Hawkins on vocals and Dave Grohl on Drums.

11/7/2006: Skin and Bones is a live acoustic album released by Foo Fighters

11/12/2006: TS The Star Spangled Banner at the 2006 Checkers Auto Parts 500 Avondale which is “a bedroom suburb for Phoenix, AZ”-> 18 years ago this year.

11/23/2006: NFL on Thanksgiving Day TS performed The Star Spangled Banner” DETROIT 10 vs MIAMI 27 *** Since 2006, three contests have been scheduled for Thanksgiving Day. In addition to the traditional Detroit and Dallas home afternoon games, a third game is now played in prime time and televised by NFL Network (2006-2011) or NBC (since 2012) the prime time game is hosted by a different team (other than the Lions and Cowboys) each season. *So its like Rubies was on holidays how only certain stores were picked to be open on holidays they just decided that Detroit (since 1934) and Dallas (since 1966) would be the thanksgiving game every year. There were apparently two execeptions to this in 1975 and 1977 I’m sorry that is stupid AF, they would probably rather play a backyard game with their families, but no you make more on holiday coverage greedy assholes. Like I said I’m joining a fantasy league next year because this information is so dumb that it’s fascinating. Funny from what I’m seeing the home team wasn’t even the winner.. Nathan Scott informed us of point shaving ya know.

11/7/2007: 2007 CMAs performed “Our Song”

11/28/2007: TS performed at the 75th Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree Lighting. She sand “Silent Night”

11/7/2008: CMT Crossroads TS and Def Leppard all songs were sung together: “Photograph” “PTB” “Love Story” “Hysteria” “TOMG” “When Hate and Love Collide” “SSN” “Pour Some Sugar on Me” “Love” “Our Song” “Two Steps Behind”

11/10/2008: GMA NY performed “Love Story”

11/10/2008: Late Show with David Letterman performed “Fearless”

11/11/2008: Fearless and Fearless Platinum

11/11/2008: TS on Ellen performed “Love Story” and “Should’ve Said No.”

11/12/2008: 2008 CMAs performed “Love Story”

11/14/2008: The first G-20 economic summit opens in Washington, DC

11/3/2009: Greatest Hits is a greatest hits album released by Foo Fighters

11/3/2009: Play On Carrie Underwood 3rd studio album

11/7/2009: SNL performed “The Monologue Song (La La La)” “YBWM’ “Untouchable”

11/11/2009: 2009 CMAs performed “Forever and Always” and “Fifteen”

11/18/2009: The Paul O’Grady Show in London TS performs “Fifteen”

11/21/2009: TS performed at Children In Need in London. She sang Love Story

November 2010: GM returned to the stock market with one of the largest IPOs in US history, the following year GM became the largest automaker again.

11/1/2010: TS on Ellen. Performed “YBWM” “BTD” and “Mine”

11/2/2010: Dancing with the Stars in LA TS performed “Mine” and “White Horse”

11/10/2010: 2010 CMAs performed “Back to December”

11/14/2010: 2010 BBC Radio 1’s Teen Awards performed, “Love Story” “Speak Now” and “Mine”

11/15/2010: the single Back to December (which is 16 days before December 1st.)

11/18/2010: Zoom in Tokyo “Mine”

11/19/2010: Music Station Tokyo “Mine”

11/21/2010: 2010 AMAs performed “Back to December” and “Apologize”

11/25/2010: NBC’s Thanksgiving Special: Taylor Swift - Speak Now. “Mine” “Sparks Fly” “TSOU” “Long Live” “Haunted” “Mean” “BTD” “Enchanted” “Speak Now”

11/9/2011: 2011 CMAs performed “Ours”

11/21/2011 & 11/22/2011: Speak Now World Tour MSG, NYC. Selena Gomez joined her for a performance of “Who Says?” And was also joined by James Taylor for “Fire and Rain”

11/1/2012: 2012 CMAs performed “Begin Again”

11/11/2012: 2010 MTV EMAs “WANGBT”

*->*this performance she wore the circus ring leader outfit that she was also wearing in the LWYMMD video. This is also an outfit she shows off in the closet of the LWYMMD behind the scenes video.

11/15/2012: The X-Factor LA performed “State of Grace”

11/18/2012: 2012 AMAs in LA performed “IKYWT”

11/20/2012: Sukkiri Morning Show in Tokyo “WANGBT”

11/25/2012: The Today Show Sydney. “WANGBT” “Red” “IKYWT”

11/27/2012: 2Day FM Sydney performed “Red” “IKYWT” “WANGBT”

11/27/2012: “I Knew You Were Trouble” released as 3rd single from Red

11/29/2012: 2012 ARIA music awards in Sydney performed “IKYWT” *this and the one above are the same song back to back at two different award shows. Is this on purpose? It’s an 11 day difference, is Red the sister album of TTPD?

11/1/2013: + Tour NY Ed Sheeran “Everything Has Changed” With Ed Sheeran.

11/3/2013: The X Factor London “The Last Time” with Gary Lightbody from Snow Patrol

11/6/2013: 2013 CMAs Nashville performed “Red” with Alison Krauss, Edgar Meter, Eric Darken, Sam Bush, and Vince Gill.

**11/13/2013: TS (while dressed like the British Flag in the most Spice Girls way possible) has her first performance at a VS Fashion Show NYC “My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark (Light Em Up) with FOB. During this performance Karlie Kloss and Cara Delevingne (1989 World Tour 6/12/2015, 6/27/2015, 7/11/2015 guests) were the Angels on Stage (OMG are they the ones that rolled their eyes?!?) and also performed “IKYWT” while this song was happening fake snow was falling on the stage -> The Pittsburgh Penguins used the FOB song in their 4/13/2013 commercial (11 years ago). -> flash forward to 2024 on 11/13/2024 the Pittsburgh Penguins host the Detroit Red Wings. -> The Toronto Maple Leafs (like Maple Latte? The hidden message from “All Too Well”?) have a 3 peat in their Stanley Cup history 1947, 1948, and 1949 in which 48 and 49 they sweeped the Red Wings back to back. (Sweep.. like she was sweeping the yellow brick road in the Karma music video?) -> -> -> -> aired on 12/11/2020: Evermore’s eventual Birthday. (12/11 is 4 days after the last show)

11/19/2013: Adam Levine named Sexiest Man Alive by People Magazine

11/27/2013 Winter Whites Gala London. Performed “IKYWT” “Love Story” and “Livin’ on a Prayer” (with Bon Jovi and Prince William)

11/3/2014: TS pulled music from Spotify

11/5/2014: Mezamashi TV Tokyo performed “SIO”

11/6/2014: Sukkiri Morning Show Tokyo performed “SIO”

11/10/2014 Sonic Highways is the 8th album released by Foo Fighters

11/25/2014: The Voice TS performed “Blank Space”

11/23/2014: 2014 AMAs LA performed “Blank Space”

11/29/2014: Songs in Tokyo performed “WANGBT” “Blank Space” “SIO”

11/12/2015: 1989 World Tour N3/3 Shanghai Mercedes Benz Arena. The surprise song was “You Belong With Me”

11/20/2015: Heartbeat Carrie Underwood 2nd single 5th album

11/23/2015 Saint Cecilia is an EP released by the Foo Fighters

->recored at Hotel Saint Cecilia: 112 Academy Dr, Austin, TX 78704

->Saint Cecilia was a Roman Christian virgin martyr. She became the patroness of music and musicians it being written that, as the musicians played at her wedding, Cecilia "sang in her heart to the Lord". Musical compositions are dedicated to her, and her feast, on 22 November, is the occasion of concerts and musical festivals. She is also known as Cecilia of Rome.

11/10/2017: Sirius XM Fishbowl NY performed “CIWYW” “NYD” “American Girl” -> like the fishbowl of the blue lover house room?

11/9/2017: ABC World Premiere Performance Watch Hill. performed “NYD” *this is the broadcast day and was recorded on 10/18/2017.

11/9/2017: TRSTSS playlist

11/10/2017: Reputation

11/11/2017: SNL “RDFI?” “CIWYW”

11/13/2017: TS performs “NYD” on The Tonight Show in honor of Jimmy’s mom.

11/9/2018: Reputation Stadium Tour Auckland, SS was Out of the Woods.

11/19/2018: Snoop Dogg gets a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame

11/21/2018: final night of the Reputation Stadium Tour. Tokyo. SS was Wildest Dreams.

11/4/2019: Drinking Alone Carrie Underwood 4th single 6th album

11/7/2019: Sukkiri Morning Show Japan performed “Me!”

11/10/2019: Alibaba Singles Day Shanghai performed “Me!” “Lover” “YNTCD”

11/24/2019: 2019 AMAs TS was awarded Artist of the Decade. In LA. Performed, “Love Story”, “IKYWT”, “Blank Space” “SIO” (with Halsey and Camilla Cabello), “Lover” (with Misty Copeland and Craig Hall)

11/13/2020: TS Holiday merch drop

11/22/2020: Taylor Swift wins Artist of the Year at the AMAs for the 3rd year in row

11/25/2020: Folklore Long Pond Studio Sessions (all songs were performed with Jack Antonoff and Aaron Dessner)

11/11/2021: TS on Jimmy Fallon “Can I hint and plan something 3 years in advance, I’m gonna try.”

11/13/2021: SNL NY performed “All Too Well (10 Minute Version)”

11/15/2021: “I Bet You Think About Me” and “Message in a Bottle” released as singles for Red T.V.

11/19/2021: MLB Cleveland Indians change their name officially to The Guardians.

11/21/2021: All Too Well The Short Film Premiere NY

11/21/2021: Red T.V & ATW SF

11/5/2022: Thanks to huge streaming numbers, Taylor Swift claims every spot on the Top 10 of the Hot 100 with songs from her album Midnights, with "Anti-Hero" at #1. She's the first artist to do so; Drake held nine of the Top 10 for a week in September 2021.

11/11/2022: TS Holiday merch drop

11/15/2022: The presale for Taylor Swift's Eras tour crashes Ticketmaster, leading to frustrated fans and a federal investigation. Despite this, 2.4 million tickets are sold, the most for one artist ever in a single day.

11/13/2023: “Never beating the sorcery allegations” TS tweet. (I’m not apologizing for saying she started a cult, because thats exactly what she did..)

11/13/2023: TS Holiday merch drop

11/13/2024: TS Holiday merch drop 11 am.

11/15/2024: GM announced lay of of roughly 1,000 people globally.

11/15/2024: Paul vs Tyson AT&T Stadium Arlington, Texas

11/15/2024: DMB @ PPG

11/15/2024: Elton John: Never Too Late

-original premiere was at the 2024 Toronto International Film Festival on 9/6/2024

-to be released to Disney+ on 12/13/2024.

11/16/24: lawsuit against Ticketmaster for price gouging. Lawsuit headed by Kinder Law: a woman-owned boutique law firm practicing personal injury + wrongful death litigation in and around Dallas.

11/20/2024: 58th annual CMA Awards (5+8=13)

11/23/2024: Sidney Crosby scored his 600 point at 3:11 of the second period on a 5 on 3 power play. He is the 21st player to do so.

[mirandamckenni1]

Netflix made an educational history show. Let's assess the clothes 👀 (ft Lilla Crawford) Save up to 40% off Brooklinen's bundles by shopping their biggest sale of the year. Click my link to shop https://bit.ly/BernadetteBrooklinen . [*If you're watching this video after 11/29, you can still get a discount by using the code BERNADETTE for $20 off your orders over $100] More Lilla! https://ift.tt/307gJai ⤠ NEVER MISS AN UPDATE ⤟ 📜 (FREE) NEWSLETTER https://ift.tt/tXm7T1M 📸 INSTAGRAM @bernadettebanner https://ift.tt/VoYF1Qa ♥️ PATREON https://ift.tt/xap4rPJ RESEARCH ASSISTANT | Heathcliff McLean IG @mxheathcliff https://ift.tt/yUS1ohi ⤠ SOURCES ⤟ [1] British painter. 1572. Portrait of Walter Devereux (1539–1576), First Earl of Essex. Oil on Wood. New York, NY. Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://ift.tt/bmw1suL. [2] Osterkamp, Peggy. 2013. “What Is Velvet and How It Is Made? (Part One).” Peggy Osterkamp’s Weaving Blog. November 2, 2013. https://ift.tt/K5hUm8v. [3] After Hans Holbein the Younger. c. 1537. Portrait of Henry VIII. Oil on Canvas. Liverpool, UK. Walker Art Gallery. https://ift.tt/ODiM0Se. [4] Pickering, Henry. 1741. Sir Wolstan Dixie (1700–1767), 4th Bt, Market Bosworth. Oil on Canvas. Nottingham, UK. Nottingham City Museums & Galleries. https://ift.tt/1SanJr5. [5] Royal Ontario Museum. 2013. “A Pair of 18th Century French Panniers Arrives at the ROM!” Royal Ontario Museum. September 13, 2013. https://ift.tt/gM3DuGN. [6] Gautier-Dagoty, Jean-Baptiste-André. 1775. Marie Antoinette, Queen of France (1755-1793). Oil on Canvas. Versailles, France. Palace of Versailles. https://ift.tt/19biAtS. [7] Unknown artist, European. c. 1770. Portrait of a Lady Holding an Orange Blossom. Oil on Canvas. Ontario, Canada. Art Gallery of Ontario. https://ift.tt/ViANtSW. [8] Unknown photographer. c. 1850. Emma Gurney (1803-1860). Photograph. Durham, UK. Darlington Centre for Local Studies. https://ift.tt/e1UKwS2. [9] Unknown photographer. c.1900. Woman with Straw Hat. Photograph. Private Collection. https://ift.tt/UMqskN5. [10] Wirth, Frederick. 1860. Two Children and Woman. Carte-de-visite Photograph. Seattle, WA. University of Washington Libraries, Special Collections. https://ift.tt/FeHCdiy. [11] Unknown illustrator. 1887. Susan B. Anthony. History of Woman Suffrage Volume 1 Edited by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Matilda Joslyn Gage. https://ift.tt/7PS6k9s. [12] Purtich, Kirstin. n.d. “Thomson Cage Crinoline.” Bard Graduate Center. https://ift.tt/2FeB5rz. [13] N. Currier. 1851. The Bloomer Costume. Lithograph Print. Washington, D.C. Library of Congress. https://ift.tt/acn6Ovs. [14] Unknown artist. c. 1855. Amelia Bloomer. Chromolithograph. Encyclopædia Britannica. https://ift.tt/uVIUh7z. [15] Hilliard, Nicholas. 1598. Elizabeth I (1533–1603). Oil on Canvas. Derbyshire, UK. Hardwick Hall. https://ift.tt/xpBTVkR. [16] Unknown maker. 1603. Corset from Elizabeth I’s Wax Effigy. London, UK. Westminster Abbey. https://ift.tt/QNvG4XA. [17] Unknown maker. 1601-1800. Orthopaedic Corset to Fit Adult Male. Iron, Leather. London, UK. Wellcome Collection. https://ift.tt/KHp2WZ3. [18] Gheeraerts the Younger, Marcus. 1592. Queen Elizabeth I (“The Ditchley Portrait”). Oil on Canvas. London, UK. National Portrait Gallery. https://ift.tt/Y9fr7jV. [19] Unknown artist, English. 1588. Queen Elizabeth I. Oil on Panel. London, UK. National Portrait Gallery. https://ift.tt/oHKTCiX. [20] Unknown maker, English. 1750-1780. Woman’s Corset. Linen Twill and Baleen. Los Angeles, CA. Los Angeles County Museum of Art. https://ift.tt/9xTfnGb. [21] Unknown maker, Spanish. Late 16th Century. Verdugado. Linen, Reed. Zamora, Spain. Museo Etnográfico de Castilla y León. https://ift.tt/7shLGEQ. [22] Rabel, Daniel. 1626. The Royal Ballet of the Dowager of Bilbao’s Grand Ball. Pen and Black ink, Watercolour. Paris, France. Musée du Louvre. https://ift.tt/9udOgzV. via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y0yAN8PHc2M

[ambitiousbaba]

Railway ECR RRC Patna Recruitment 2023

Railway ECR RRC Patna Recruitment 2023 : 1851 Post for Trade Apprentices Railway Recruitment Cell RRC ECR East Central Railway has released the notification for the recruitment of for the Post of Trade Apprentices with 1851 Vacancies. Candidates can check the eligibility criteria from the official notification and apply Online Between 15 November 2023 to 13 November 2023. Here we are providing…

[rabbitcruiser]

The founding of Seattle is usually dated from the arrival of the Denny Party on November 13, 1851, at Alki Point.

[millingroundireland]

Jensen's folly and the proof of "No Irish Need Apply" [Part 2]

Continued from part 1. This post was originally published on WordPress in June 2018.

Looking on newspapers.com, I found 3,047,608 matches for the words "no Irish need apply," with even a story about it in the Buffalo paper, The Weekly Economist, in 1843. Now, not all of those portended to ads. [2] Narrowing the search, covering the years of 1800 to 1860, I brought the total to about 113,000. The latter number may be inflated due to false drops since quoting the phrase itself only brings up 158 results, extending it to 1900 gives you about 1,400 results, over 60 of which are listed below. I also got some sources from the Library of Congress's Chronicling America collection of old newspapers, which are included in the below listing of varied ads.

1820s

June 29, 1828 ad in the New York City paper, The Evening Post

July 24, 1828 ad in the New York City paper, The Evening Post

August 8, 1828 ad in the New York City paper, The Evening Post

September 11, 1828 ad in the New York City paper, The Evening Post

October 8, 1828 ad in the New York City paper, The Evening Post

June 8, 1829 ad in the New York City paper, The Evening Post

June 19, 1829 ad in the New York City paper, The Evening Post

June 23, 1829 ad in the New York City paper, The Evening Post

October 27, 1829 ad in the New York City paper, The Evening Post

1830s

April 29, 1830 ad in the New York City paper, The Evening Post, related to the one a few days before

New York Herald attacks No Irish Need Apply adverts on July 30, 1830

1840s

May 18, 1841 ad in the New York City paper, New York Tribune

August 24, 1842 ad in the New York City's New York Tribune

February 7, 1844 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

January 7, 1847 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

April 23, 1847 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

November 4, 1847 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

January 25, 1848 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

October 28, 1848 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

July 16, 1849 ad in the New York City paper, New York Herald, reprinted from days before

1850s

February 25, 1850 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger 

March 11, 1850 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger 

August 6, 1850 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger 

January 13, 1851 ad in the New York City's New York Tribune

February 5, 1851 ad in the Baltimore Sun

March 13, 1851 ad in the New York Daily Herald

April 22, 1851 ad in the Baltimore Sun

July 24, 1851 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

December 31, 1851 ad in the Baltimore Sun, accompanied by another saying they are looking for someone who is white, but not Irish, as a cook

April 13, 1852 ads (top and bottom of image) in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

May 14, 1852 ad in New York City's New York Tribune

June 21, 1852 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

August 26, 1852 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

October 11, 1852 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

December 31, 1852 ad in the New Orleans paper, The Times-Picayune

June 22, 1853, the Lancaster Ledger reports that the New York Herald is being sued for libel for attaching "no Irish may apply" to one of its ads, which the Ledger calls "queer"

June 2, 1853, the New York Herald criticizes "No Irish Need Apply" ads

July 30, 1853 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

February 19, 1854, the New York Herald talks about their ""No Irish Need Apply" advertisers"

March 30, 1854 ad in the Baltimore Sun

October 6, 1854 ad in the West Virginia paper, the Wheeling Daily Intelligencer

April 21, 1855 ad in the Freehold, New Jersey paper, the Monmouth Inquirer

May 18, 1855 ad in Baltimore Sun

September 18, 1855 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

October 17, 1855 ad in the Washington, D.C. Evening Star, likely related.

March 28, 1856 ad in the Baltimore Sun

February 14, 1857 ad in the New York Times

December 7, 1857 ad in New Orleans paper, The Times-Picayune

April 20, 1857 ad in the Baltimore Sun

March 20, 1858 ad in the New York Times

August 17, 1858 ad in the Baltimore Sun

October 1, 1858 ad in the Baltimore Sun, reprinted on October 2 and 4, at least

October 13, 1858 ad in New York Times

May 10, 1859 ad in the New York Times

September 21, 1859 ad in the New York Times

1860s

March 29, 1860 ad in the Brooklyn Daily Eagle

April 3, 1860 ads (here and here) in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

June 8, 1860 ad in the Baltimore Sun, related is ad the day before

August 6, 1860 ad in the Cincinnati Daily Press

August 25, 1860 ad in the Philadelphia paper, Public Ledger

Ad and comment in Columbia Democrat and Bloomsburg General Advertiser (Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania) on March 12, 1864

© 2018-2023 Burkely Hermann. All rights reserved.

Notes

[2] This is apart from mentions of it in 1878 to counter such sentiment (and in 1864), the Guardian (see here, here, here, and here), the Liverpool Mercury in 1854 (here and here), 1855 (also see here, here, here, ), 1857, 1858, 1859, and 1863, along  with other mentions in English papers in 1844, 1847, and 1856. A comedy, in the 1850s, was even produced on this subject! In all, there are over 105,000 results for England alone, over 9,000 for Scotland, over 8,000 for Ireland, over 5,000 for Northern Ireland, over 4,700 for Australia, over 1,500 for Wales and almost 1,000 for Canada.

[lboogie1906]

Edward Garrison Walker (1830 – January 13, 1901), Edwin Garrison Walker, was an artisan in Boston who became an attorney; in 1861, he became one of the first African American men to pass the Massachusetts bar. In 1866 he and Charles Lewis Mitchell were the first two African Americans elected to the Massachusetts state legislature. He was the son of Eliza and David Walker, the abolitionist and author of An Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World (1829). At the time when the couple was expecting the birth of him, they already had a daughter. In 1830 a tuberculosis epidemic in Boston took the lives of Lydia Ann on July 30 and her father David on August David collapsed and died at the entrance to his store. He received training in working with leather as a young man. He established a business that employed 15 people. He became an abolitionist as his father had been. In 1851 he collaborated with attorney Robert Morris and activist Lewis Hayden of the Boston Vigilance Committee to gain the release of Shadrach Minkins, a fugitive slave from Virginia who had been arrested in Boston by US Marshals under the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850. The men helped Minkins hide and travel via the Underground Railroad to Canada, where he settled in Montreal. The men were "well-known Boston abolitionists" who were praised for their efforts to obtain Minkins' release. Many Boston residents resisted the 1850 Law, resenting its requirement that officials in free states support slaveholders' efforts to take back slaves. He worked for equal rights. African Americans in Boston gained integration in city schools for their children in 1855, by a state legislative act after years of lobbying in the city and at the legislature. He married Hannah Jane Van Vronker on November 15, 1858. The couple had a son and two daughters. #africanhistory365 #africanexcellence https://www.instagram.com/p/CnWvp8drzNj/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[levbolton]

Idk if people already knew about it, but here are all the names of the people Undertaker has

Emile C 18 June 1848

Oliver A 11 November 1848

Alex B 26 April 1854

Claudia P 13 July 1866

Molly G 10 December 18(can’t read them)

Gilbert D 1 Mars 1862

Harry E 7 October 1851

[mc-lukanette]

MC-Lukanette’s “No Context November” 2022 Masterpost

` = ficlet

* = one-shot (or close to being a one-shot if a few paragraphs/a little more context were added)

^ = part of a larger AU/hypothetical story

{AO3 link for No Context November}

(Halloween bonus) * (3003 words) - Fit Like a Lover {Lukanette} [Halloween] [Costumes] [Confession] [Kiss]

Luka already feels lucky to be the first to see Marinette's costume for Halloween. Unbeknownst to him, however, there's just one thing she's missing...

Day 1 ` (624 words) - {Lukanette} [Sleepiness] [Cuddles]

Marinette tries to get home whilst the urge to sleep starts setting in. Luckily for her, she has someone looking out for her.

Day 2 ^ (1661 words) - {Lukanette} ["Silencer" divergence] [Drawing] [Confession]

Luka is having a creative session with Marinette when he notices something.

Day 3 ^ (1404 words) - {Lukanette} [Adulthood] [Naga Luka Couffaine] [Courting] [Cuddling]

Marinette admires her naga friend Luka and reflects on the nature of their potential relationship.

Day 4 * (2604 words) - {Lukanette} [Light Fantasy Elements] [No Dialog] [Confession] [Kiss]

It takes a lot to put one's heart into a gift they make for another. How far would you go though, knowing that if it doesn't work out, that part of you is lost forever?

Day 5 ^ (1851 words) - {Lukanette} [Post-Dating] [Babysitting] ["Sandboy" kid]

Marinette and Luka babysit, and the child unintentionally brings another discussion to the forefront.

Day 6 ^ (2140 words) - {Coccaenette} [Ladybug Luka Couffaine (Coccaerus)] [Fluff] [First Meeting]

Coccaerus goes out at night to patrol and is reminded of why he does what he does.

Day 7 ^ (1507 words) - {Lukanette} ["Miraculous New York" divergence] [Confession] [Love Square Salt]

Luka meets up with Marinette after her brief trip to New York and notices immediately that something's different.

Day 8 * (4120 words) - {Lukanette} [Delivery AU] [Moments in Time] [Whirlwind Romance] [Roundabout Confession]

A bakery's delivery girl meets a pizza delivery boy.

Day 9 ^ (1168 words) - {Lukanette} [Adulthood] [Rock Star Luka Couffaine] [Introvert Luka Couffaine] [Overstimulation]

Luka struggles after a concert and Marinette takes notice.

Day 10 ^ (1605 words) - {Lukanette} [Fantasy Elements] [Nonverbal Confession]

Marinette talks to Luka about a problem concerning her relationships as they stand, at least as her kwami has dictated them to be.

Day 11 ^ (1101 words) - {Lukanette} [Adulthood] [Tension]

Marinette gets into a desperate situation and receives the best help she could've asked for.

Day 12 * (1885 words) - {Lukanette} [Long Distance Communication] [Realization of Feelings]

Luka departs from Paris. Marinette reflects on the physical distance between them compared to the emotional one, as well as how different both things really are.

Day 13 ^ (1219 words) - {LukaFairy} [Late Teens] [Fantasy] [First Meeting] [Fairy Marinette Dupain-Cheng]

Luka goes looking for flowers and finds something better.

Day 14 ^ (2271 words) - {Lukanette} [Adulthood] [Performer Luka] [Remeeting] [Gifts]

Marinette tries to give Luka a surprise and Luka surprises her back.

Day 15 ^ (1845 words) - {Lukanette} [Childhood] [First Meeting] [Drawing]

Marinette is idling in the park when she spots a boy around her age.

Day 16 * (1520 words) - {Lukanette} [Adulthood] [Talks of Marriage] [Love Square Salt]

Marinette pops a question to Luka before he can ask his own. He's just not expecting this particular question.

Day 17 ^ (1508 words) - {Lukanette} [Season 4 Divergence] [Bittersweet]

Luka tries to piece together the events that occur after his break-up with Marinette.

Day 18 ^ (1181 words) - {Vipernette/Viperbug Vibes} [Adulthood] [Vigilantes] [Identity Reveal]

Viperion awakens in a new location and at a new point in his relationship with Ladybug.

Day 19 * (1333 words) - {Lukanette} [Sickfic] [Silly] [Confession]

When Luka falls ill, Marinette does her best to ensure that he's at least in high spirits while recovering.

She succeeds, but not in the way she'd planned.

Day 20 ^ (870 words) - {Vipernette} [Fluff]

Viperion, who has visited Marinette multiple times over ever since she'd given him a gift, visits her with an emergency.

Day 21 ^ (2463 words) - {Lukanette} [Adulthood] [Fantasy]

Luka and Marinette are hanging out when Marinette notices something concerning about his legs.

Day 22 * (2525 words) - {Lukanette} [Adulthood] [Interviews] [Brief Love Square Salt] [Confession] [Kiss]

Luka had been determined to and had successfully kept his knowledge of Ladybug's identity a secret for years.

However, he catches sight of Ladybug on television one day and second-guesses whether he's been doing things right.

Day 23 ^ (2109 words) - {Lukanette} [Season 4 Divergence] [Lore Divergence] [Confession(s)]

Luka notices a recurring pattern when he's dreaming.

Day 24 ^ (2101 words) - {Lukanette} [Fantasy] [Voyager Couffaines] [Siren Marinette Dupain Cheng] [First Meeting]

After the Couffaines get into a bad situation, Luka wonders how they could've made it out without issue.

Day 25 * (4180 words) - {Lukanette} [Silly] [Confession] [Kiss]

Luka receives a call from Marinette about something that she needs helps with.

Being Luka, he goes without question and has no idea what shenanigans are in store for him.

Day 26 ^ (1445 words) - {Lukanette} [Adulthood] [Introspection] [Love Square Salt]

Luka and Marinette talk about the finer details of love and being in love, along with where it's brought them.

Day 27 ^ (1024 words) - {Lukanette} [Fluff] [Cooking]

Marinette has an enlightening conversation with Luka about cooking.

Day 28 * (1708 words) - {Lukanette} [Processing Emotions] [Confession] [Kisses]

Most people would focus on specific things after hearing that Paris was no longer in danger of akumatizations. They'd be glad that the unwelcome interruptions to their daily lives would cease, or that they'd no longer be at risk of having their emotions be taken advantage of (by a supervillain, at least), or that they wouldn't have to walk on eggshells due to the risk of being chased down by an evil, superpowered version of the person they offended.

Luka, however, just wants to know how Marinette is doing.

Day 29 ^ (1827 words) - {Lukanette} [Fate Seer Luka Couffaine] [Red String(s) of Fate] [First Meeting] [No Miraculouses AU]

Luka meets a cute girl who seeks his ability, and she might need all the help she can get.

Day 30 ^ (1868 words) - {Lukanette} [Rock Star Luka Couffaine] [Love Square Salt]

Luka receives a impromptu call from Marinette and they try to make up for lost time.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 11.14 (before 1970)

332 BC – Alexander the Great is crowned pharaoh of Egypt. 1680 – German astronomer Gottfried Kirch discovers the Great Comet of 1680, the first comet to be discovered by telescope. 1770 – James Bruce discovers what he believes to be the source of the Nile. 1812 – Napoleonic Wars: At the Battle of Smoliani, French Marshals Victor and Oudinot are defeated by the Russians under General Peter Wittgenstein. 1851 – Moby-Dick, a novel by Herman Melville, is published in the USA. 1889 – Pioneering female journalist Nellie Bly (aka Elizabeth Cochrane) begins a successful attempt to travel around the world in less than 80 days. She completes the trip in 72 days. 1910 – Aviator Eugene Burton Ely performs the first takeoff from a ship in Hampton Roads, Virginia, taking off from a makeshift deck on the USS Birmingham in a Curtiss pusher. 1914 – The Joensuu City Hall, designed by Eliel Saarinen, was inaugurated in Joensuu, Finland. 1918 – The Provisional National Assembly of the new republic of Czechoslovakia meets to devise a constitution. 1920 – Pesäpallo, the Finnish version of baseball developed by Lauri Pihkala, is played for the first time at Kaisaniemi Park in Helsinki. 1921 – The Communist Party of Spain is founded, and issues the first edition of Mundo obrero. 1922 – The British Broadcasting Company begins radio service in the United Kingdom. 1938 – The Lions Gate Bridge, connecting Vancouver to the North Shore region, opens to traffic. 1940 – World War II: In England, Coventry is heavily bombed by German Luftwaffe bombers. Coventry Cathedral is almost completely destroyed. 1941 – World War II: The aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal sinks due to torpedo damage from the German submarine U-81 sustained on November 13. 1941 – World War II: German troops, aided by local auxiliaries, murder nine thousand residents of the Słonim Ghetto in a single day. 1952 – The New Musical Express publishes the first regular UK Singles Chart. 1957 – The "Apalachin meeting" in rural Tioga County in upstate New York is raided by law enforcement; many high-level Mafia figures are arrested while trying to flee. 1960 – Ruby Bridges becomes the first black child to attend an all-white elementary school in Louisiana. 1965 – Vietnam War: The Battle of Ia Drang begins: The first major engagement between regular American and North Vietnamese forces. 1967 – The Congress of Colombia, in commemoration of the 150th anniversary of the death of Policarpa Salavarrieta, declares this day as "Day of the Colombian Woman". 1967 – American physicist Theodore Maiman is given a patent for his ruby laser systems, the world's first laser. 1969 – Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 12, the second crewed mission to the surface of the Moon.

[lousy-old-shrimp]

Images of the real life New York House of Refuge; and some history.

Above is an image of the New York House of Refuge, found in the manager’s annual report of 1918. Downing Stadium, in the lower right corner, is what now occupies the space where the House of Refuge lay.

“A classroom scene”

“Food service”

“Class in Barbering”

“Arts and Crafts”

“Class in Carpentry—Erecting a new roof”

No caption was given for this image, but the six boys standing around the machine are inmates.

Above images were taken by John N. Miskell.

Another children’s institution was opened in 1851, by a group of wealthy businessmen who were concerned about the children arrested for vagrancy and petty crimes and sent to the punitive House of Refuge, which was founded to separate children criminals from the adults.

But besides that, let’s get into the historical New York House of Refuge.

The New York House of Refuge opened in Manhattan in 1824. It was a juvenile reformatory, designed to prevent children from the adult prisons.

In 1827, the Geneva Gazette (January 10, page 2) speaks the House of Refuge’s praise, describing a provision made for the extension and support of the Refuge as “faithfully and beneficially implied.”

A year later, the Troy Sentinel’s February 19th edition reads: “The third annual report of the managers of the New York House of Refuge has just been published. The experiment of separating juvenile, unharded delinquents, scarcely conscious, in many instances, of the full enormity of their offences, from the old and incorrigible, and of placing them in a situation to unlearn vicious habits, and to acquire virtuous ones, has succeeded hitherto to the full extent of the expectations of the benevolent individuals by whom it was undertaken. The report of this year presents a view of the good effects and prospects of the institution, no less encouraging than that of the last.”

Regrettably, I was unable to find newspaper articles on the fire in 1839.

Praise continues to be issued in newspapers, The Corrector saying in 1844 (March 13, Page 3): “The Refuge is a very useful institution, and is believed to be admirably wall managed. It receives an annuity from the state.”

In the 1850s, the Refuge seemed to take a downturn. In 1855, The Daily Tribune edition on November 20th says:

“The reader may be curious to know what the consequence is if a boy fails to perform his task. He is punished of course, and this in various ways. He may have nothing but bread at his meals for a certain length of time; he may be put in the “lock-up” in total darkness without a bed to sleep on, and with bread and water for food; he may be locked in his own bedroom from Saturday night to Monday morning (quite a common thing), fisted twice in the mean time, with a partial allowance of bread and water. But, perhaps, the more usual punishment for getting short of work is by the rattan—the boy being made to lie over a stool of the end of a bench so as to draw the trousers tight, while the deputy superintendent uses the rattan according to his liking. As one instance of this kind, I might mention his severely flogging a boy over a stool, and speaking with me about it after sending him back to his work, said that the boy seemed willing enough to work, and he thought tried to get his task done, but somehow or other failed to do it.”

At the time of this article, the tasks they were failing to complete were of the same situations as sweatshop workers. Articles praised this method, although it was rough on the little boys taken in on vagrancy.

On May 14th of 1880, the New York Tribune wrote this:

“The committee first examined the food of the asylum. They found the flour was of low grade. ‘The testimony of the bakers and of others showed that sometimes there were worms in it.’ The committee further say respecting the bread and the butter:

“A number of witnesses testified that the bread sometimes bore evidences of having been gnawed by rats or mice, and that they had seen their excrement upon it. The bread is stored in an attic room … and it was evident from the excrement about the room that the place was infested with rats. The bread was wholly unprotected from these and other vermin. … The new and the old bread was packed indiscriminately, and as a consequence some of it because too old for use before placed on the table. Several loaves were selected by the committee from the stock on hand which were found to be hard and sour, and unfit for consumption. This bread was admitted to be a week old. This neglect of so staple an article of food the committee regard inexcusable. …. Several tubs of the [butter] on hand were examined, and the butter was rancid and offensive.”

The article continues on to explain that the good and fit food was given to the officers, as were fruits and vegetables, while the boys only received fruits on holidays.

Cont. “The committee says that the boys have been treated harshly by the employees of their contractors. ‘This roughness,’ they say, ‘consisted in cuffing, slapping in the face and shaking by their neck, and while there is no evidence of violent injury having been inflicted, it is not impossible, in view of the generality of the practice, and the supineness, indifference or connivance of the overseers, that cases of greater severity than those appearing in evidence occurred. … It appears that under the contract system it has been customary at times to report the more indolent boys or those who were short in their task hourly, and to inflict upon them corporal punishment several times during the same day.”

In 1883, it is claimed that the House of refuge improved under the direction of the Board of Health, the committee mentioned in the above quotations.

There is barely a mention of the House of Refuge in the year of 1899, when an old instructor at the House of Refuge got his watch stolen. He received it back, and the thief said he recognized it as belonging to his old instructor in the House of Refuge. Not very great at reforming thiefs, then.

With this, I conclude this post. Below is an image found in the August 15, 1900 edition of the New York Tribune