#*collective message from f/os i mean

[companionwolf]

You beautiful bastards

Without you we're disasters

If it were up to me I wouldn't let you go

[rosesloveletters]

Hey Rose💛🌻 I'm sorry for my late message, I haven't been online much the last few days because I haven't been feeling very well. Anyway...😅

I would love to hear the answers to all the questions from the plants self ship asks for Jakob. You two are so adorable🥺🥺 But of course only if you like and I'm not asking too much.

Sending you lots of love and hugs💛🧡 And I promise I will answer your DMs very soon. I'm not ignoring you, darling!!!😭

Hi Sue!💛 that is perfectly fine, darling, I hope you are doing better now. I am worried about you! You are so very sweet to ask this of me🥺🥺 I would be happy to answer them for you💛🌻 Sending you love and hugs as well, darling, I hope you start to feel a bit better. If you need anything at all, feel free to ask! Don't worry, I know you aren't ignoring me. Take all the time you need to💛

fern: What’s a common feature between your f/os? (If you only have one, what’s your favourite quality about them?)

Jakob and I have so many common features its not even funny (probably why he's a F/O😅) We both wear glasses, we're both sensitive, we're both creative people, we're both writers, we're both more introverted/awkward/interested in things that the average person is not or has little knowledge of, we are both capable of being brave in the moments when it truly counts, we both get extremely happy when we've been drinking/start laughing and acting really silly, we both love very deeply and would go to extreme lengths for our loved ones, we both have childlike spirits and we like to have fun whenever we can, we are both clever and inventive. I'll lave it there for now, but I am certain I could think of more that would also be backed up in canon (all of these that I've listed are canonically verified traits of Jakob's.)

sunflower: What makes you and your f/o happy, no matter what?

already answered.

rose: What’s your f/o’s “love language”?

Jakob's love language is steeped in tentative inexperience and hesitancy. Every touch or look makes his heart race and his palms sweat and his cheeks flush; it gets easier once we've been together for longer. He holds me throughout the night as though he is afraid that if he doesn't, I might vanish in thin air. Jakob likes to be read to. He likes to lay his head in my lap and let me massage his scalp while I read him poems or folk tales of old. Hand holding is exceptionally important to him, especially if he needs extra support or is scared.

palm tree: What’s your and your f/o’s favourite place in the world?

Jakob has several: Any place where Will and I are (we are the most important people in his life), wherever his stories take him to, crunching along a path of fallen leaves in the forest, a cozy inn or a cabin.

azalea: What’s something about you that you didn’t want your f/o to know?

The drastic ups and downs in my moods and how differently I become whenever I am down.

lotus: What does your f/o dream about?

already answered.

lily: What means most in the world to your f/o?

Love. Jakob is driven by love, for me, for his brother, for his writing, etc. He also wants to feel like he serves a purpose within our lives; he wants to mean something to us. Jakob felt as if his brother did not believe in him and always looked down on him for his interests. He wants to feel like he is wanted within the lives of those most important to him and he does not want to feel like an outcast because he is different or has differing view, opinions, ideas, etc.

sage brush: What’s something your f/o doesn’t know, but they want to?

Jakob wants to know more about the world and also to collect knowledge about folklore he hasn’t heard before. He writes them all down, but there are so many he has not heard because travel is so limited to him. He is aware of how vast the world is and sometimes it bothers him to think of all that knowledge passing him by and going to waste. 

dandelion: How far would your f/o travel? (For anything, including you?)

Jakob loves to travel; he would go as far as it takes. There is no limit to where he would go for me or for his brother; the two of us are the most important to him and I think that Jakob would be brave enough to do anything for us (though of course neither of us want him going off alone somewhere!)

ivy: Is your f/o interested in history?

Yes! Folklore and history go hand in hand; Jakob gets to indulge in a bit of both wherever one of which is concerned. There are different folktales specific to different countries and locations and the lore he picks up gives him a bit of a history lesson from time to time. Things of old excite Jakob because of all of the historical aspects; he likes to imagine all of the facets of life inanimate objects have witnessed whenever he comes to find they are several hundreds of years old. All of that fascinates him, because a lot of history ties into his stories and writing. 

magnolia: How do you and your f/o compare in strength?

I prefer to look at questions like these in terms of strength of character. Jakob knows who he is and he is not ashamed of it; he has always been creative, inventive and has seen things from a different perspective than perhaps his brother would. That is to say, Jakob is the only person (aside form me of course) who never gave up on him. He is secure with who he is, even if that means he does not conventionally “fit”. He does not give up a part of himself in order to mold into a more “accessible” type of person; Jakob will not change who he is or let go of any part of himself to please others. 

I am still learning this, however I’m much better than I used to be. I think that Jakob will help me feel more comfortable with who I am and not let me hide any part of the person I am. Jakob is unashamedly himself and that is one quality I admire most in someone. 

tulip: Are you and your f/o distant from other couples/your friends/everyone?

The only person we are not distant from is his brother Wilhelm. I don’t think Jakob could stand it if we all were not close. (Will is a platonic F/O of mine because of this.)

answered from: plant themed self-shipping asks

[ivedescoveredheathsjoker]

ubiquitous, foofaraw and limerance❤️

Ubiquitous- Patrick Verona -how popular is your f/o in the fandom? do you think the fandom treats them well?

From what I can see he's extremely popular in the fandom. I think the fandom treats Pat so well! Everyone is so respectful to him and give him so much love he deserves.💛💛💛

Foofaraw- L!Joker - do your chosen aesthetics line up well with your f/os? meaning, if the two of you were to say, decorate a home, would your chosen styles clash or compliment each other?

Yea I think so XD I'd have a certain black halloweeny look in the house. Like coffin bookshelves, ouiji board pillows, and black table clothes. Though J would probably enjoy adding a skull of one of his victims next to the small collection of bones I have. Somtimes I'd mistake one of his grenades as a decoration. Oh and clowns. Clown pictures, trinkets, and dolls. I think J wouldn't mind those. Then the horror movie items I'd have. The pennywise figures he'd enjoy. So yea. I think it wouldn't be too crazy XD

Limerance-Eric Draven- gush about your f/o, no limits… but the catch is, gush as if its a message directly to your f/o. 

Eric, you mean the world to me. When I see your crow i feel safe. When im in your arms I know I'm gunna be safe from myself and from the world around me. You are somone I can rely on when it's dark. Even though you can't always be there, I know you are watching over me. You are somone that makes me happy to say you're mine. I love it when you play your music. I love when we dance together or even just listen to a cd. I love when im lying there holding your hand knowing im safe. I think you are funny and handsome and romantic. You have facinated me since I have met you. You are what is helping me to keep going and I love you for that.

[asktheraggededges]

If you woke up knowing that today was the day you were gonna die, what would you do differently?

‘Ave one last cold one wiv da boys. Strap meself wiv boms and dakka and knives and flash gubbinz and go bakk to da jungle. Put a fukkin gap in em wun last time.

[subject smiles very very slightly but says nothing]

Get my affairs in order. Fill out all the appropriate paperwork so as not to be a bother for anyone. Leave my possessions, the few that there are, to the appropriate people. My Corporal, My Commissar and what little family I have. Take my shotgun, and slip away quietly. Find trouble. Keep fighting until my time comes.

Call bullshit. Fuck what you know. Fuck fate. 

I was born in to this world kicking and screaming and by fuck that’s how I’m leaving. Let whoever, or whatever is responsible for the injustice at removing me from this plane of existence suffer for what they have done.

A last glass of the good stuff.  A little cake, maybe if it was there. Apologise to everyone.

I’d..I’d tell her how I feel. 

Fuck it, I’d kiss her.

Not cool to do so, but..nothing to lose, right?

Smoke ‘em if you got em. Go down fighting and looking sharp. All I’d want.

Already.

[subject gives a small, bitter laugh]

I wouldn’t even be allowed to feel relieved. I’d just end up worrying about them.

No sense worrying about it. I’d try to instruct people. Get someone - maybe Ike or Mags to look after my gardens. Grab some edibles and drift off into space. No big fuss. No big deal.

J’know? I would love to have one last gallop. Not fussed. They’ve all been wonderful. Clean up, dress up. And have one last drag and a brandy as I watched a sunset somewhere. I think, perhaps, that would be an acceptable end.

Mama would worry so much. Who’d look after my little ones?

I would do everything I could to make Angie happy one last time. But, then she would know something was up and she’d be sad anyway. Its a conflict. Best to do, nothing. Just…business as usual. Leave her a note if I can find the words.

Your sister.

I’d imPArT the SuM of aLL my kNOwLeDge to soMeOne. 

MayBe the SpEcK.

SpEnD tiMe wiTh tHe bOss. SoMe tIme with Grisholm. KiSS him AGAin.

fInALLy..I wOuLd see NaDa. InSisT that sHe cONSUME me in fuLL. So thAT my deATH and the MAGNIFIcence of My PowEr is NEIther CorRUPted or causes TrOUbLe for thOsE I caRE abOUt.

Forget the hearse cause I’ll never die!

I got

Nine lives!

Cats eyes!

I don’t know. I don’t. Die fighting, please.

I’d do my duty. Same as always. If I had time for a last drink and a roll in the hay, sure. But there are things to be done and people die every day. Cogs keep turning. Shove it, keep walking.

Fool question.

It’s a conflict. On one hand, I would love to be surrounded by these guys, the people I care about, before I go. For the last thing I see to be their smiling faces. But that’s kind of selfish, you know?

I think, so long as it was worth it, I’d find my peace with it all. Dying taking down a really big dude, or giving my life to save a bunch of others, I’d be okay with that.

On the understanding that no statues get built. No places get named. Don’t even write down what I did. Tell people of what I did only if they ask. Whatever happens, don’t let anyone call me a fucking hero.

Let the water be taken from me. Then commit me to space. or the earth. Whatever. No day should be any different. 

Look after him.

Behg pess ahp. A bawnk.

Destroy what’s un finished. Spend time with Wes. My main wish, however foolish and unlikely is to die as myself. Send a message to Briton so they can collect my armour. A little music. Some port if someone can spare it. 

I bagel know. 

I float it would be very beautiful to hold close first friend best friend longest time only friend Zune.

I bagel be leaves I can be by the grand big golden couch. I have nothing to go there with. No ticket. No bottom of the shoes.

So there is no thing for me after the adjserious or solemn in manner or appearance.

If the last thing I hear is her. if the last thing I feel is her.

I am fine with this. it’s okay.

Hmmmmm?

Hm. Upload everything. Absolutely everything. My mind, my thoughts, my dimensions and physiology. Multiple terminals. Even onto nebulous data transmissions. Some one will find it. Maybe someday some mad man will find a way to make me again and I can pick up where I left off. Hope. Hope for humanity and technology and the harmonious fusion of both…that is what I believe in. It’s worth believing in.

[subject pointedly doesn’t look into the camera and is barely audible]

I wouldn’t do a goddamn thing different.

Shit, man. I don’t wanna think about stuff like that! Come on! There’s ALWAYS a way.

I’d only tell Jonny. I’d do whatever she wanted me to do from there. If we spend all day in bed, so be it. If she collects my thoughts for the future because, for whatever reason she thinks they’re valuable, so be it. If she just wants me to leave quietly, so she doesn’t have to see me die, or feel me die so be it. I understand the revolting world of war and the worse world of politics. I wouldn’t know what to do.

Stiff upper lip. Let it mean something. Let it be dignified and purposeful. keep smiling. Keep singing. It’s a drop in the ocean. I don’t want any tears. The sun will rise. Humanity will prevail. Play up and play the game.

Is not likely. I am invincible! 

But should worst come to worst. Let me die knee deep in stupid baby enemies or with Solnishko in my arms.

No alternative acceptable.

I..I dunno. Heh. Uh.

I guess…take off all the passwords.. hand out some data chips. 

Just…give access to all the data…the writing, the footage the sound bytes..

All the …stuff..for lack of a better description that will let anyone who cares know who we are. Or who we were. Let our story be known to anyone who wants to know.

Maybe they’ll learn from it.

Maybe they’ll find it interesting.

That’s ah…all I I’d really like..

KAEL TORNIC

Doug Boyd/ Masaya Onosaka

[technologybrandnews]

Inaccessible Boot Device Windows 10

Here we can see "Inaccessible Boot Device Windows 10" One of the foremost common errors experienced by Windows 10 users is that the Inaccessible Boot Device error. It's a typical "blue screen of death" (BSOD) error with the code 0x0000007b, which regularly shows up during Windows startup and happens after a Windows 10 upgrade, Windows 10 anniversary update or Windows 10 reset. This error message often stops computers from booting correctly. It tells users that their PC has developed a drag, and restarting is important to deal with the purported error. It also says Windows is collecting some error info and can restart at a given percentage.

Meaning of Inaccessible Boot Device Error (error code 0x0000007b)

Windows typically updates itself automatically, which is particularly exciting when a replacement update is unrolled. However, this auto-update is susceptible to introduce an enormous problem. Imagine eagerly expecting Windows 10 to reboot itself after an update, only to ascertain the error code 0x0000007b on your screen. Then, after a couple of moments, your PC restarts everywhere again. Just picture that scene and picture how it feels. This error message implies that Windows couldn't access the system partition while attempting to startup. The problem (obviously) forced Windows to restart everywhere again. Several Windows 10 users have reported the prevalence of this error message in computers running an SSD. But what are the causes of the inaccessible boot device error? Read on to seek out out.

Causes of Inaccessible Boot Device Error In Windows 10:

The Inaccessible Boot Device error refers to a BSOD error message that happens when the Windows 10 OS fails to access the system partition while trying to start up. Windows 10 might not access the system partition thanks to the subsequent issues: - Corrupted, outdated, or inaccurately configured drivers - Hardware conflicts resulting from system updates or changes - A damaged hard disk  - Malware - Other causes Besides causing the Inaccessible Boot Device Error, the issues highlighted above may end in other system malfunctions, including the MSVCP110.dll missing error, I VIDEO_DXGKRNL_FATAL_ERROR, INTERNAL_POWER_ERROR, and far more. Therefore, it's important to repair the inaccessible boot device issue to stop the likelihood of a more severe system malfunction in the future.

How to Fix Inaccessible Boot Device Error in Windows 10

There are several solutions on the way to troubleshoot the inaccessible boot device error in Windows 10. However, it's not necessary to use all of them. You got to provide a few solutions to cope with the one that works for you. Thereupon said, here's a recommended guide the way to Fix the Inaccessible Boot Device Error In Windows 10: Solution 1: Uninstall the Recently Installed Packages Recently installed packages may result in the inaccessible boot device error in Windows 10. If you've set Windows Update to put in packages automatically, it'll install new packages without notifying you. If you think the recently installed packages cause this problem, you'll remove them one after another. Hopefully, uninstalling the updates one by one will ultimately delete the package causing difficulty. However, since it's impossible else Windows 10 normally when this error occurs, you're recommended to uninstall the packages by getting to Repair and using the DSM command. Note: This process restarts your computer. Confirm all work has been saved before you continue. Steps to follow: - Ensure your machine is off 2. Press your PC's power button to show it on, then hold down the facility button for five seconds until it automatically shuts down. Repeat this process quite twice until the "Preparing Automatic Repair" screen appears. Note: This step aims at mentioning the Preparing Automatic Repair screen. If Windows cannot boot correctly, this screen pops up, and Windows tries to repair the difficulty by itself. You'll skip this step if this screen appears the primary time you power up your computer. 3. Wait for the Windows diagnosis to finish.  4. Click Advanced Options to mention the Windows Recovery Environment screen 5. Click Troubleshoot on the Windows Recovery Environment screen 6. Choose Advanced Options on the Troubleshoot screen 7. Select the prompt  - Your PC should restart and boot itself into the prompt. When the prompt has appeared on your screen, follow the instructions below: - Type dir c : (that's if you've got Windows installed within the drive C) and tap Enter - Run Dism / Image: C:/ Get-Packages - A list of packages installed on the system appears. You'll use the date field to work out the foremost recent package. confirm to notice the package identity - To uninstall a package, enter dism.exe /image:c: /remove-package /. "Package identity" here is that the package name that you jotted down within the preceding step. 9. Reboot your computer after uninstalling the packages. Then, check to verify whether the error has been successfully resolved. If the error persists after uninstalling recent updates, you're recommended to get rid of another recently updated package using an equivalent process. Alternatively, you'll use a completely new solution to repair this blue screen hitch. Solution 2: Update Your Drivers Drivers are handy tools that allow Windows to use your hardware correctly. However, outdated drivers aren't compatible with Windows 10 and thus create all kinds of hitches, including the inaccessible boot device error. You're highly advised to update your drivers to repair these sorts of errors. To update a faulty driver, visit your hardware manufacturer's official website and find and download the newest drivers. Often, controller drivers like IDE ATA/SATA can cause this boot device problem. So, downloading and installing the newest version of your drivers can fix the error once and for all. You can update your drivers automatically with Auslogics Driver Updater. It recognizes your system automatically and finds the proper drivers for it. With this driver update software, you'll easily have your computer scanned and every one driver problem detected and glued without employing a slow manual approach. It is worth noting that downloading and installing wrong driver versions can damage your system. employing a professional driver troubleshooter, like Auslogics Driver Updater, maintains your system's safety and prevents it from permanent damage. In addition, it repairs all problematic drivers in one click. Solution 3: Toggle AHCI Mode Value in BIOS to Enabled Many users have reported the likelihood of fixing this boot device problem by switching the AHCI mode to "Enabled" within the BIOS. The BIOS menu varies significantly between manufacturers, and you would possibly want to see your motherboard manual for instructions. For that reason, this troubleshooting process lacks a one-size-fits-all approach to explaining it. In general terms, however, the method involves entering the BIOS during boot by pressing either the Delete key, Escape key, or Function keys. You'll then select Advanced Options and locate the Set AHCI Mode. Finally, switch the AHCI Mode value to Enabled. Solution 4: Get Rid of “Update Pending” Packages The Windows 10 OS can sometimes get entangled in limbo, thanks to pending updates. Packages that are pending forever and not installing can cause this technical blue screen problem. It's important to get rid of them to permit Windows to run properly. Follow the procedure below to get rid of "update pending" packages in Windows 10: - Go to Update and Security within the menu - Click on Recovery - Proceed to Advanced Startup - Choose Restart Now - Select Troubleshoot - Tap Advanced Options - Select command prompt  Run the subsequent commands as soon because the prompt application has started running. These three commands will remove the Sessions Pending registry key. Confirm to press the "Enter" button after each line. - reg load HKLMtemp c:windowssystem32configsoftware - reg delete HKLMtempMicrosoftCurrent VersionComponent Based Server - reg unload HKLMtemp After this process, any pending updates should be moved and stored in their respective temporary file. Getting an inventory of updates isn't a tough task. All you ought to do is type dism/image: /get-packages and note any package with the "install Pending" tag. 8. Create a short-lived file by typing MKDIR C:temppackages. Press the "Enter" button when complete 9. Keep in mind that each pending package needs to be moved or placed in its respective temporary file. Key in dism / image : C: remove package / package identity:/scratchdir:c:temp|packages. Then, press Enter. Don't forget to exchange "package identity" with the acceptable package name. Solution 5: Check and Have all Corrupted Hard Drive Files Fixed If corrupted files are available on your computer's disk drive, they're likely to introduce the inaccessible boot device error. Gladly, fixing corrupted files during a disk drive may be a straightforward process that's easily understandable. If you think that corrupted files are causing this problem, you'll fix that by using the prompt. Note that you must be an administrator to perform this task. First, press the "Windows" button and key in cmd. Then, when the result has been displayed, right-click thereon and choose Run as administrator. Still, on an equivalent prompt application, key in chkdsk / f / r, then choose Enter. Give the appliance a couple of moments to process your input and display the output. Then, type the letter Y and press the "Enter" button. If Windows isn't bootable, you'll use the recovery console to run this command by typing chkdsk/r C: Solution 6: Malware Scan Viruses also can cause BSoDs, hence the importance of scanning your computer regularly to get rid of all malware. A competent anti-malware solution like Auslogics Anti-Malware will detect and neutralize all malicious items and provides you with the peace of mind you would like.

Conclusion:

The Inaccessible Boot Device error is troublesome, but many Windows 10 users report that solving this issue isn't an uphill task. The above five methods are proven useful when it involves fixing the blue screen error in Windows 10. there's little question one among these solutions will work for you. Just give them an attempt to tell us your opinion within the comments section below. Good luck!

User Questions:

- Inaccessible Boot Device Error In Windows 10 I manage multiple computers running Windows 10 Pro 64-bit with the newest Current Branch and recently had multiple computers randomly startup with this BSOD: Inaccessible Boot Device. - Inaccessible Boot Device I recently restarted my computer to urge the BSoD error "Inaccessible boot device", which put my computer during a restart loop. I did a couple of things and was unsuccessful in fixing the error, so I did a system restore and managed to urge back in. Anything I can do to properly fix this? Thanks :) (also, my registry doesn't have a backup, just in case you were wondering) - INACCESSIBLE BOOT DEVICE Error my PC with windows 10 shows a blue screen at power on, with this stop code: INACCESSIBLE BOOT DEVICE. I looked for an answer on the internet and, after tried everything, I found an answer that gives, through the prompt, the exchange of backup data contained within the directory: D:windowssystem32configregback with the first ones. Unfortunately, I discovered to be one among the unfortunate ones that contain 0 bytes therein directory (redback) - this due to the modifications made by Microsoft since October 2018. How ready to"> am I able to fix then the blue screen error and be able to log again into my pc? I hope for a positive response as soon as possible, from a proper expert. - windows 10 pro - inaccessible boot device After the foremost recent update (January 13 on my PC), I experienced strange things. First, after a short time, the USB memory sticks aren't recognized when inserted. Then, on the restart, I buy the blue screen "inaccessible boot device". After the system restores, things work OK for a short time, but things reappear eventually. Searching the web, I discovered that I'm far away from the sole user having this issue, i.e. inaccessible boot device after the recent windows update. I attempted the manual patch detailed at  https://www.windowscentral.com/how-fix-update-causing-inaccessible-boot-device-error-windows-10 However, I couldn't get the syntax to be accepted as written there. I am running Windows 10 pro with the autumn creators update. This feature upgrade was installed a couple of months ago and has run without issue until a few days ago. Any advice is going to be greatly appreciated. - Inaccessible Boot Device I fired up my PC yesterday morning and was welcomed by the dreaded BSOD. It told me that it had run into a drag caused by an inaccessible boot device. There are numerous help sites online that specify the way to affect this issue. I attempted all of them bar one, and none of them got me up and running again. the sole one I have never tried is that the hard reset option. Although I even have backups of most of my files, I didn't want to lose what's on my disk drive unless it's necessary. Reinstalling all the applications goes to be an enormous enough PITA. I'd have the interest to find out whether anyone else hit an equivalent brick wall and aroused wiping their disk drive because nothing else worked. Having spent most of yesterday trying to resolve this problem and getting nowhere, I'm wrestling with the thought of ditching Windows altogether and switching to a Mac. Does anyone want to offer me an argument? BTW I typed "Inaccessible Boot Device" into the search box on the BSOD forum and got zero results. Read the full article

[mygoateecreation]

Look For Words In A Text On Mac

Set up Dictation

How To Search For Words In A Text

Italic Words In A Text

Unknown Words In A Text

Alphabetical Index Of All The Words In A Text

Keyboard shortcuts in Word for Mac. Look up selected text on the Internet + Shift + L. For the best experience using your keyboard with the ribbon, try switching your keyboard settings to All Controls, as follows: Open System Preferences ( + Space, type system preference, and hit Enter). On the Format Text tab and Editing group, select Find. In the window that opens, enter the word or phrase you want to highlight in the Find What field. Click or tap Reading Highlight at the bottom of the window to highlight the word or phrase you selected. Manually searching for specific words or phrases on large Web pages is usually a waste of time; use the Find bar in the major Web browsers to find what you're looking for in seconds. Internet Explorer 11, Mozilla Firefox 37, Google Chrome 42 and Safari for Windows can search Web pages for words or entire phrases and highlight them for you.

Choose Apple () menu > System Preferences, click Keyboard, then click Dictation. Turn on Dictation and choose from these Dictation options:

Choose whether to use Enhanced Dictation, which lets you use dictation when you're not connected to the Internet.

Choose your language and dialect. Some languages, such as English, have multiple dialects.

Choose the keyboard shortcut you will use to start start dictating.

Choose your preferred microphone from the pop-up menu below the microphone icon.

In macOS Sierra, you can ask Siri to “turn on Dictation” for you. Siri isn't the same as Dictation, but you can ask Siri to compose short messages, such as email and text messages.

Add Text to Photos with Preview App on Mac This built-in app is rarely the first choice for Mac users who want to add text to photos, but completing this task with Preview App is remarkably easy. Open the app and import the photo you want to edit, then make sure to click on the 'Show Edit Toolbar' icon and select the 'Text Tool' feature. Photo text for mac. May 16, 2013  Adding text to images is a fairly simple process to begin with that is made even easier with Preview, the basic image viewing app that is bundled on all Macs. To convert PDF images to text on Mac, you must consider two aspects: freeware or share & security issue. As I have mentioned you should use Google Docs to obtain text from PDF image. It really is free. However you can search the document or copy text from it (and on a Mac spotlight will index the document so you can find the document with a spotlight search). This is great if you want to scan paper documents and then destroy the paper. Leawo Mac converters allow people to apply image or text watermark to output files in easy clicks. Select a media file, right click it and choose Media Edit option to enter the video editing panel. Then, click Watermark tab to do watermark settings.

Sublime Text is available for Mac, Windows and Linux. One license is all you need to use Sublime Text on every computer you own, no matter what operating system it uses. Sublime Text uses a custom UI toolkit, optimized for speed and beauty, while taking advantage of native functionality on each platform. Sublime Text 3 may be downloaded from the Sublime Text 3 page. This is the recommended version of Sublime Text to use, and is available for Windows, OS X and Linux. This is the recommended version of Sublime Text to use, and is available for Windows, OS X and Linux. Download sublime text editor. Sublime Text is a text editor for code, HTML, and prose. It features rich selection of editing commands, including indenting or un-indenting, paragraph reformatting, line joining, multiple.

Use Dictation

Go to a document or other text field and place the insertion point where you want your dictated text to appear.

Press the keyboard shortcut for starting dictation, or choose Edit > Start Dictation. The default shortcut is Fn Fn (press the Fn key twice). When your Mac is listening, it displays a microphone to the left or right of the page, aligned with the insertion point. If you turn on advanced dictation commands, the microphone appears in the lower-right corner of your screen, and you can drag it to another position. When your Mac can hear you, the input meter inside the microphone rises and falls as you speak.

Speak the words that you want your Mac to type. Dictation learns the characteristics of your voice and adapts to your accent, so the more you use it, the better it understands you. If it doesn't understand you, learn what to do.

To stop dictating, click Done below the microphone icon, press Fn once, or switch to another window.

Speak the following words to enter punctuation or other characters. These may vary by language or dialect.

apostrophe '

open bracket [

close bracket ]

open parenthesis (

close parenthesis )

open brace {

close brace }

open angle bracket <

close angle bracket >

colon :

comma ,

dash -

ellipsis …

exclamation mark !

hyphen -

period, point, dot, or full stop .

question mark ?

quote ”

end quote ”

begin single quote '

end single quote '

semicolon ;

ampersand &

asterisk *

at sign @

backslash

forward slash /

caret ^

center dot ·

large center dot •

degree sign °

hashtag or pound sign #

percent sign %

underscore _

vertical bar |

dollar sign $

cent sign ¢

pound sterling sign £

euro sign €

yen sign ¥

cross-eyed laughing face XD

frowny face :-(

smiley face :-)

winky face ;-)

copyright sign ©

registered sign ®

trademark sign ™

equals sign =

greater than sign >

less than sign <

minus sign -

multiplication sign x

plus sign +

caps on (formats next phrase in title case)

caps off (resumes default letter case)

all caps (formats next word in ALL CAPS)

all caps on (proceeds in ALL CAPS)

all caps off (resumes default letter case)

new line (adds line break)

numeral (formats next phrase as number)

roman numeral (formats next phrase as Roman numeral)

new paragraph (adds paragraph break)

no space on (formats next phrase without spaces)

no space off (resumes default spacing)

tab key (advances cursor to the next tab stop)

If you turned on Enhanced Dictation, you can also use dictation commands to bold, italicize, underline, select, copy, delete, undo, and perform other actions.

About Enhanced Dictation

Enhanced Dictation is available in OS X Mavericks v10.9 or later. With Enhanced Dictation:

You can dictate continuously.

You can dictate without being connected to the Internet.

Your words might convert to text more quickly.

You can use dictation commands to tell your Mac what to do.

Without Enhanced Dictation, your spoken words and certain other data are sent to Apple to be converted into text and help your Mac understand what you mean. As a result, your Mac must be connected to the Internet, your words might not convert to text as quickly, and you can speak for no more than 40 seconds at a time (30 seconds in OS X Yosemite or earlier).

If you're on a business or school network that uses a proxy server, Dictation might not be able to connect to the Internet. Have your network administrator refer to the list of network ports used by Apple software products.

About Dictation and privacy

To learn about Dictation and privacy, choose Apple () menu > System Preferences, click Keyboard, click Dictation, then click the About Dictation & Privacy button. At all times, information collected by Apple is treated in accordance with Apple’s Privacy Policy.

Learn more

To use dictation on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch, tap the microphone on the onscreen keyboard, then speak. Consult your iPhone or iPad user guide for details.

If the Slow Keys or Sticky Keys feature is turned on in the Accessibility pane of System Preferences, the default keyboard shortcuts for dictation might not work. If you need to use those accessibility features, create a custom dictation shortcut: Choose Apple menu > System Preferences, click Keyboard, click Dictation, then choose “Customize” from the Shortcut menu.

Home > Articles > Apple > Operating Systems

If the text is still not distributed equally, you may want to use space bar or ‘Tab’ to push the text. The handle allows you to adjust the extent of distribution of text around the path: If you want to distribute the text equally around the circle, pull the handle to draw a full circle. How do you edit text in a pdf. The result will be as like shown here.

␡

Find and Replace Words or Phrases

< BackPage 2 of 13Next >

This chapter is from the book

How To Search For Words In A Text



Mac OS X Lion: Peachpit Learning Series

This chapter is from the book

This chapter is from the book 

Find and Replace Words or Phrases

Did you write your entire screenplay using your sweetheart’s name, Hamlet, as the hero? And now Hamlet has abandoned you and you want to replace the hero’s name with Romeo? No problem:

Italic Words In A Text

From the Edit menu, choose “Find..,” or press Command F. A search field appears below the ruler bar.

Click the “Replace” checkbox to open a Replace text field below the search field.

In the Find field, type the word you want to find, such as Hamlet.

In the Replace field, type the word or phrase that will replace the found word, such as Romeo.

Find and replace:

Replace: Replaces the currently selected occurrence of the word or phrase, then automatically finds the next occurrence.

All: Replace all occurrence of the found text. Press (don’t click) on the “All” button to see more options.

To manually find other occurrence of the text, click the Previous and Next buttons.

For more search options, click the small double-arrows next to the magnifying glass icon on the left side of the window.

Click “Done” to put the Find and Replace fields away.

Related Resources

Book $55.99

Unknown Words In A Text

Book $55.99

Alphabetical Index Of All The Words In A Text

Book $55.99

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350+ TOP PYTHON Interview Questions and Answers

PYTHON Interview Questions for freshers & experienced :-

1) What Is Python? Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language. It incorporates modules, exceptions, dynamic typing, very high level dynamic data types, and classes. Python combines remarkable power with very clear syntax. It has interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various window systems, and is extensible in C or C++. It is also usable as an extension language for applications that need a programmable interface. Finally, Python is portable: it runs on many Unix variants, on the Mac, and on PCs under MS-DOS, Windows, Windows NT, and OS/2. 2) What are the different ways to create an empty NumPy array in python? There are two methods we can apply to create empty NumPy arrays. The first method. import numpy numpy.array() The second method. # Make an empty NumPy array numpy.empty(shape=(0,0)) 3) Can’t concat bytes to str? This is providing to be a rough transition to python on here f = open( ‘myfile’, ‘a+’ ) f.write(‘test string’ + ‘\n’) key = “pass:hello” plaintext = subprocess.check_output() print (plaintext) f.write (plaintext + ‘\n’) f.close() The output file looks like: test string 4) Expline different way to trigger/ raise exception in your python script? Raise used to manually raise an exception general-form: raise exception-name (“message to be conveyed”). voting_age = 15 if voting_age output: ValueError: voting age should be at least 19 and above 2.assert statements are used to tell your program to test that condition attached to assert keyword, and trigger an exception whenever the condition becomes false. Eg: a = -10 assert a > 0 #to raise an exception whenever a is a negative number Output: AssertionError Another way of raising an exception can be done by making a programming mistake, but that is not usually a good way of triggering an exception 5) Why is not__getattr__invoked when attr==’__str__’? The base class object already implements a default __str__ method, and __getattr__function is called for missing attributes. The example as it we must use the __getattribute__ method instead, but beware of the dangers. class GetAttr(object): def __getattribute__(self, attr): print(‘getattr: ‘ + attr) if attr == ‘__str__’: return lambda: ‘’ else: return lambda *args: None A better and more readable solution to simply override the __str__ method explicitly. class GetAttr(object): def __getattr__(self, attr): print(‘getattr: ‘ + attr) return lambda *args: None def __str__(self): return ‘’ 6)What do you mean by list comprehension? The process of creating a list performing some operation on the data so that can be accessed using an iterator is referred to as list comprehension. EX: Output: 65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90 7) What will be the output of the code:def foo (i=)? i.append (1) return i >>> foo () >>> foo () Output: The argument to the function foo is evaluated once when the function is defined However since it is a list on every all the list is modified by appending a 1 to it. 8) How to Tic tac toe computer move? Below The code of computer move in the game tic tac toe in python def computermove(board,computer,human): movecom=” rmoves=rd(0,8) for movecom in legalmoves(board): board=computer if winner(board)==computer: return movecom board=” for movecom in legalmoves(board): board=human if winner(board)==human: return movecom board=” while rmoves not in legalmoves(board): rtmoves=rd(0,8) return rmoves 9) Explain about ODBC and python? ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) API standard allows the connections with any database that supports the interface such as the PostgreSL database or Microsoft access in a transparent manner Three types of ODBC modules for python: PythonWin ODBC module – limited development mxODBC – a commercial product pyodbc – This is open source python package 10) How to implement the decorator function, using dollar ()? Code: def dollar(fn): def new(*args): return ‘$’ + str(fn(*args)) return new @dollar def price(amount, tax_rate): return amount + amount*tax_rate print price(100,0.1) output: $110

PYTHON Interview Questions 11) How to count the number of instance? You have a class A, you want to count the number of A instance. Hint: use staticmethod Example class A: total = 0 def __init__(self, name): self.name = name A.total += 1 def status(): print “Number of instance (A) : “, A.total status = staticmethod(status) a1 = A(“A1”) a2 = A(“A2”) a3 = A(“A3”) a4 = A(“A4”) A.status() Output: The number of instance (A) : 4 12) What are the Arithmetic Operators that Python supports? ‘+’ : Addition ‘-’ : Subtraction ‘*’ : Multiplication ‘/’: Division ‘%’: Modulo division ‘**’: Power Of ‘//’: floor div Python does not support unary operators like ++ or – operators. Python supports “Augmented Assignment Operators”. i.e., A += 10 Means A = A+10 B -= 10 Means B = B-10 13) How do you reload a Python module? All that needs to be a module object to the imp.reload() function or just reload() in Python 2.x, and the module will be reloaded from its source file. Any other code references symbols exported by the reloaded module, they still are bound to the original code. 14) How does Python handle Compile-time and Run-time code checking? Python supports compile-time code checking up to some extent. Most checks for variable data types will be postponed until run-time code checking. When an undefined custom function is used, it will move forward with compile-time checking. During runtime, Python raises exceptions against errors. 15) What are Supporting Python packages for data science operations? Pandas: A package providing flexible data structures to work with relational or labeled data. NumPy: A package that allows working with numerical based data structures like arrays and tensors. Matplotlib: A 2D rendering engine written for Python. Tensorflow: A package used for constructing computational graphs. 16) What are the ones that can be used with pandas? A python dict, ndarray or scalar values can be used with Pandas. The passed index is a list of axis labels. 17) How To Add an Index, Row or Column to a Pandas DataFrame? The index can be added by calling set_index() on programmer DataFrame. For accessing rows, loc works on labels of programme index, iloc works on the positions in programme index, it is a more complex case: when the index is integer-based, programmer passes a label to ix. 18) How To Create an Empty DataFrame? The function that programmer will use is the Pandas Dataframe() function: it reuires the programmer to pass the data that programmer wants to put in, the indices and the columns. 19) Does Pandas Recognize Dates When Importing Data? Yes. but programmer needs to help it a tiny bit: add the argument parse_dates when programmer by reading in data from, let is say, a comma-separated value (CSV) file. 20) How to convert a NumPy array to a Python List? Use tolist(): import numpy as np >>> np.array(,]).tolist() , ] 21) How to set the figure title and axes labels font size in Matplotlib? Functions dealing with text like label, title, etc. accept parameters same as matplotlib.text.Text. For the font size you can use size/fontsize: 39) What is dictionary in Python? The built-in datatypes in Python are called a dictionary. It defines one-to-one Relationship between keys and values. It contains a pair of keys and their corresponding values. Dictionaries are indexed by keys. It is a collection which is unordered, changeable and indexed. Let’s take an example: The following example contains some keys. State, Capital,Language. Their corresponding values are Karnataka, Bangalore, and Kannada respectively. Dict={ ‘Country’:’Karnataka’,’Capital’:’Bangalore’,’Launguage’:’Kannada’} print dict Karnataka Print dict Bangalore Print dict Kannada 40) How memory is managed in Python? Python private heap space manages python memory. Python heap has all Python objects and data structures. Access to this private heap is restricted to programmer also Python private heap is taken care by the interpreter. The core API gives access to some tools for the programmer to code. Python memory manager allocates python heap space. 41)What is the output of this following statement? f=none for i in range(5); with open(“data.txt”, ”w”) as f: if I>1: break print f.closed A) True B) False C) None D) Error Ans: A 42) Write a coding in Find a Largest Among three numbers? num1 = 10 num2 = 14 num3 = 12 if (num1 >= num2) and (num1 >= num3): largest = num1 elif (num2 >= num1) and (num2 >= num3): largest = num2 else: largest = num3 print(“The largest number between”,num1,”,”,num2,”and”,num3,”is”,largest) Output: The largest Number is 14.0 43) What is Lambda in Python? lambda is an one line anonymous function, Example: Sum=lambda i,c:i+c 44) What is the difference between list and tuples? Lists are the mutable elements where we can able to perform the task in the existed variable. Lists can able to reduce the utilization of memory Tuples are immutable so it can execute faster when compared with list. But it will wastes the memory. 45) What are the key features of Python? The python doesn’t have any header files It doesn’t have any structure or syntax except the indentation. It can execute the instructions fastly because of the RISC architecture. It consumes only less memory because of no internal executions. It doesn’t have any compilers compilation can be done at the time of the program. 46) How to delete a file in Python? In Python, Delete a file using this command, os.unlink(filename) or os.remove (filename) 47) What is the usage of help() and dir() function in Python? Help() and dir() both functions are accessible from the Python interpreter used for viewing a consolidated dump of built-in functions. Help() function: The help() function is used to display the documentation string and also facilitates you to see the help related to modules, keywords, attributes, etc. 48) Which of the following statements create a dictionary? (Multiple Correct Answers Possible) a) d = {} b) d = {“john”:40, “peter”:45} c) d = {40:”john”, 45:”peter”} d) d = (40:”john”, 45:”50”) Ans: All of the above 49) Which of the following is an invalid statement? a) abc = 1,000,000 b) a b c = 1000 2000 3000 c) a,b,c = 1000, 2000, 3000 d) a_b_c = 1,000,000 Ans: c 50) What is the output of the following? try: if ‘1’ != 1: raise “someError” else: print(“someError has not occured”) except “someError”: print (“someError has occured”) a) someError has occured b) someError has not occured c) invalid code d) none of the above Ans: b 51) What is the maximum possible length of an identifier? a) 31 characters b) 63 characters c) 79 characters d) None of the above Ans: d 52) Differentiate list and tuple with an example? difference is that a list is mutable, but a tuple is immutable. Example: >>> mylist= >>> mylist=2 >>> mytuple=(1,3,3) >>> mytuple=2 TypeError: ‘tuple’ object does not support item assignment 53) Which operator will be helpful for decision making statements? comparison operator 54) Out of two options which is the template by default flask is following? a) Werkzeug b) Jinja2 Ans : b 55) Point out the use of help() function Help on function copy in module copy: copy(x) Shallow copy operation on arbitrary Python objects. 56) From below select which data structure is having key-value pair ? a.List b.Tuples c.Dictionary Ans : c 57) Differentiate *args and **kwargs? *args : We can pass multiple arguments we want like list or tuples of data **kwargs : we can pass multiple arguments using keywords 58) Use of Negative indices? It helps to slice from the back mylist= >>>mylist 6 59) Give an example for join() and split() funcitons >>> ‘,’.join(‘12345’) ‘1,2,3,4,5’ >>> ‘1,2,3,4,5’.split(‘,’) 60) Python is case sensitive ? a.True b.False Ans : a 61) List out loop breaking functions break continue pass 62) what is the syntax for exponentiation and give example? a**b 2**3 = 8 63) Which operator helps to do addition operations ? arithmetic operator 64) How to get all keys from dictionary ? dictionary_var.keys() 65) Give one example for multiple statements in single statement? a=b=c=3 66) What is the output for the following code? >> def expandlist(val, list=): list.append(val) return list >>> list1 = expandlist (10) >>> list2 = expandlist (123,) >>> list3 = expandlist (‘a’) >>> list1,list2,list3 Ans : (, , ) 67) Number of argument’s that range() function can take ? 3 68) Give an example to capital first letter of a string? a=’test’ print a.upper() Test 69) How to find whether string is alphanumeric or not? str = “hjsh#”; print str.isalnum() Ans :False 70) Which method will be used to delete a file ? os.remove(filename) 71) What is difference between match & search in regex module in python? Match Checks for a match only at the beginning of the string, while search checks for a match anywhere in the string. 72) Can we change tuple values? If yes, give an example. Since tuple are immutable, so we cannot change tuple value in its original form but we can convert it into list for changing its values and then convert again to tuple. Below is the example: my_tuple=(1,2,3,4) my_list=list(my_tuple) my_list=9 my_tuple=tuple(my_list) 73) What is purpose of __init__ in Class ? Is it necessary to use __init__ while creating a class ? __init__ is a class contructor in python. __init__ is called when we create an object for a class and it is used to initialize the attribute of that class. eg : def __init__ (self, name ,branch , year) self.name= name self.branch = branch self.year =year print(“a new student”) No, It is not necessary to include __init__ as your first function every time in class. 74) Can Dictionary have a duplicate keys ? Python Doesn’t allow duplicate key however if a key is duplicated the second key-value pair will overwrite the first as a dictionary can only have one value per key. For eg : >>> my_dict={‘a’:1 ,’b’ :2 ,’b’:3} >>> print(my_dict) {‘a’: 1, ‘b’: 3} 75) What happened if we call a key that is not present in dictionary and how to tackle that kind of error ? It will return a Key Error . We can use get method to avoid such condition. This method returns the value for the given key, if it is present in the dictionary and if it is not present it will return None (if get() is used with only one argument). Dict.get(key, default=None) 76) What is difference b/w range and arange function in python? numpy.arange : Return evenly spaced values within a given interval. Values are generated within the half-open interval stop, dtype=None) Range : The range function returns a list of numbers between the two arguments (or one) you pass it. 77) What is difference b/w panda series and dictionary in python? Dictionaries are python’s default data structures which allow you to store key: value pairs and it offers some built-in methods to manipulate your data. 78) Why it need to be create a virtual environment before staring an project in Django ? A Virtual Environment is an isolated working copy of Python which allows you to work on a specific project without worry of affecting other projects. Benefit of creating virtualenv : We can create multiple virtualenv , so that every project have a different set of packages . For eg. if one project we run on two different version of Django , virtualenv can keep thos projects fully separate to satisfy both reuirements at once.It makes easy for us to release our project with its own dependent modules. 79) How to write a text from from another text file in python ? Below is the code for the same. import os os.getcwd() os.chdir(‘/Users/username/Documents’) file = open(‘input.txt’ ,’w’) with open(“output.txt”, “w”) as fw, open(“input.txt”,”r”) as fr: 80) what is difference between input and raw_input? There is no raw_input() in python 3.x only input() exists. Actually, the old raw_input() has been renamed to input(), and the old input() is gone, but can easily be simulated by using eval(input()). In python 3.x We can manually compile and then eval for getting old functionality. python2.x python3.x raw_input() input() input() eval(input()) 81) What are all important modules in python reuired for a Data Science ? Below are important module for a Data Science : NumPy SciPy Pandas Matplotlib Seaborn Bokeh Plotly SciKit-Learn Theano TensorFlow Keras 82) What is use of list comprehension ? List comprehensions is used to transform one list into another list. During this process, list items are conditionally included in the new list and each items are transformed as reuired. Eg. my_list= my_list1= Using “for “ loop : for i in my_list1: my_list.append(i*2) Using List comprehension : my_list2= print(my_list2) 83) What is lambda function ? lambda function is used for creating small, one-time and anonymous function objects in Python. 84) what is use of set in python? A set is a type of python data Structure which is unordered and unindexed. It is declared in curly braces . sets are used when you reuired only uniue elements .my_set={ a ,b ,c,d} 85) Does python has private keyword in python ? how to make any variable private in python ? It does not have private keyword in python and for any instance variable to make it private you can __ prefix in the variable so that it will not be visible to the code outside of the class . Eg . Class A: def __init__(self): self.__num=345 def printNum(self): print self.__num 86) What is pip and when it is used ? it is a package management system and it is used to install many python package. Eg. Django , mysl.connector Syntax : pip install packagename pip install Django : to install Django module 87) What is head and tail method for Data frames in pandas ? Head : it will give the first N rows of Dataframe. Tail : it will give last N rows of Dataframe. By default it is 5. 88) How to change a string in list ? we can use split method to change an existing string into list. s= ‘Hello sam good morning ’ s.split() print(s) 89) How to take hello as output from below nested list using indexing concepting in python. my_list=, 4,5]],3,4] Ans : my_list print(my_list) 90) What is list when we have to use ? Lists always store homogeneous elements. we have to use the lists when the data is same type and when accessing is more insteading of inserting in memory. 91) What is dict when we have to use ? Dict is used to store key value pairs and key is calculated using hash key. This is used when we want to access data in O(1) time as big O notation in average case. Dict I used in u can say super market to know the price of corresponding while doing billing 92) What is tuple when we have to use ? Tuple is hetrogenous and we have to use when data is different types. 93) Is String Immutable ? Yes because it creates object in memory so if you want to change through indexing it will throw an exception since it can’t be changes I,e immutable. 94) How to handle Exception ? We can handle exceptions by using try catch block . we can also else block in python to make it executed based on condition. 95) Will python work multiple inheritance? Yes it works .by seuentially referring parent class one by one. 96) Will class members accessible by instances of class? Yes by referring corresponding attributes we can access. 97) What are Special methods in python and how to implement? Special methods in python are __init__,__str__,__iter__,__del__ __init__-it will initialize when class loads. __str__-It is used to represent object in a string format. __iter__-it I used to define iteration based on reuirements. __del__-It is used to destroy object when it is not reuired for memory optimization. 98) How to handle deadlock in python. By providing synchronization methods so that each thread access one at a time.It will lock another thread until thread fine it execution. 99) How for loop will works in python? For loop internally calls iter method of an object for each call. 100) What is List comprehension how to define it and when to use? List Comprehensions are expression based iteration. So we have to give expression and then provide loop and provide if condition if needed. We have to use when we want to define in such a way that write the code in a compact way. 101) What is set when we have to use? Set is used to define uniue elements without duplicates. So if you have lump of data and we are searching through email record. By using set we can get the uniue elements. 102) How django works ? Django will take an url from frontend and look for url reolvers and url will ap corresponding view and if data to be handled it will use certain model to make any database transactions and give repone via view and then passs to UI. Or django template 103) Is python pure object oriented programming ? Yes in python all types are stored a objects. 104) What are packages in python which are commonly used explain one ? The packages used are os, sys,time,tempfile,pdb, Os –it is used for file and directories handling. Pdb-It is used to debug the code to find the root cause of issue. 105) How will you merge 2 dictionaries in python? a = {1:’1’} , b={2:’2’} c= {**a,**b} 106) What is the other way of checking truthiness? These only test for truthiness: if x or y or z: print(‘passed’) if any((x, y, z)): print(‘passed’) 107) How will you verify different flags at once? flags at once in Python v1,v2,v3 = 0, 1, 0 if v1 == 1 or v2 == 1 or v3 == 1: print(‘passed’) if 1 in (v1, v2, v3): print(‘passed’) 108) What happens when you execute python == PYTHON? You get a Name Error Execution 109) Tool used to check python code standards? Pylint 110) How strings can be sliced? They can be generally treated as arrays without commas. Eg: a = “python” a -> i can be any number within the length of the string 111) How to pass indefinite number of arguments to any function? We use **args when we don’t know the number of arguments to be passed 112) In OOPS what is a diamond problem in inheritance? During multiple inheritance, when class X has two subclasses Y and Z, and a class D has two super classes Y and Z.If a method present in X is overridden by both Y and Z but not by D then from which class D will inherit that method Y or Z. 113) Among LISTS,SETS,TUPLES which is faster? Sets 114) How Type casting is done in python? (Str -> int) s = “1234” # s is string i = int(s) # string converted to int 115) How python maintains conditional blocks? Python used indentation to differentiate and maintain blocks of code 116) Write a small code to explain repr() in python ? Repr gives the format that can be read by the compiler. Eg: y=2333.3 x=str(y) z=repr(y) print ” y :”,y print “str(y) :”,x print “repr(y):”,z ————- output y : 2333.3 str(y) : 2333.3 repr(y) : 2333.3000000000002 117) How to encrypt a string? str_enc = str.encode(‘base64’, ‘strict’) 118) Functions are objects -> Explain ? # can be treated as objects def print_new(val): return val.upper() print ( print_new(‘Hello’)) yell = print_new print yell(‘different string’) 119) Explain the synbtax to split a string in python? Str.split(separator,max_split) 120) How can you identify the data type of any variable in python? Use type(var) 121) What does MAP function in python do? map() returns a list of the results after it applys the function to each item in a iterable data type (list, tuple etc.) 122) What does the enum function in python do? When we need to print the vars index along when you iterate, we use the enum function to serve this purpose. 123) Explain assert in action? assert “py” == “PY”, “Strings are not eual” 124) How does pop function works in set data types? Pop deletes a random element from the set 125) Is Python open source? If so, why it is called so? Python is an open source programming language. Because Python’s source code (the code in which Python software is written) is open for all and anyone can have a look at the source code and edit. 126). Why Python is called portable? Because we can run Python in wide range of hardware platforms and has similar interfaces across all the platforms 127) How to give comments in Python? Using Hashes (#) at the starting of a line 128) How to create prompt in the console window? Using input function 129) How to write multiple statements in a single line in Python? Using semicolon between the statements 130) List out standard datatypes in Python Numbers, string, list, tuple, dictionary 131) Which standard datatype in Python is immutable? tuple 132) What is indexing? Explain with an example Indexing is the numbering of characters in string or items in list, tuple to give reference for them. It starts from 0. Str = “Python”. The index for P is 0, y is 1, t is 2 and goes on. 133).Which statement is used to take a decision based on the comparison? IF statement 134) List out atleast two loop control statements break, continue, pass 135) What is the result of pow(x,y) X raised to the power Y 136) What is the difference between while and for loop? While loops till the condition fails, for loops for all the values in the list of items provided. 137) Which method removes leading and trailing blanks in a string? strip – leading and trialing blanks, lstrip – leading blanks, rstrip – trailing blanks 138) Which method removes and returns last object of a list? list.pop(obj=lst) 139) What is argument in a function? Argument is the variable which is used inside the function. While calling the function we need to provide values to those arguments. 140) What is variable length argument in function? Function having undefined no. of arguments are called variable length argument function. While calling this function, we can provide any no. of arguments 141) What is namespace? Namespace is the dictionary of key-value pairs while key is the variable name and value is the value assigned to that variable. 142) What is module? Module is a file containing python code which can be re-used in a different program if it is a function. 143) Which is the default function in a class? Explain about it – _init_. It is called class contructor or initialization method. Python calls _init_ whenever you create a instance for the class 144) What is docstring? How to define it? docstring is nothing but a comment inside the block of codes. It should be enclosed inside “”” mark. ex: “”” This is a docstring ””” 145) What is the default argument in all the functions inside a class? Self 146) How to send a object and its value to the garbage collection? del objname 147) How to install a package and import? In DOS prompt, run pip install package_name and run import package_name in editor window in Python’s IDE. 148) Name the function which helps to change the files permission os.chmod 149) Which is the most commonly used package for data importing and manipulation? Pandas 150) Will python support object oriented? Yes, it will support by wrapping the code with objects. 151) IS python can be compatible with command prompt? Yes, it can be accessed through command prompt. 152) How Lists is differentiated from Tuples? List are slow, can be edited but Tuples are fast and cannot be edited. 153). Use of NUMPY package? It is fastest, and the package take care of the number calculations. 154). Uses of python? Pie charts, web application, data modeling, automation and Cluster data. 155) Does python interact with Database? Yes, it interfaces to most of the Databases. 156) Is python is intended oriented? Yes, it will throw error if it is not in seuence. 157) How is Garbage handled in python? It will be automatically handle the garbage after the variable is used. 158) How will you check python version? Using python –version. 159) How will you uit the python? Using exit() 160) Does Python has any command to create variable? No, just (x =244) 161) What is complex type in python? It is mixture of variable and number. 162) Casting in python? To make String use command str(2) = ‘2’ 163) What is strip in python? Used to remove white spaces in String 164) Other String literals? Lower, upper, len, split, replace. 165) Python operators? Arithmetic, Assignment, Comparison, Logical, Identity, Membership and Bitwise. 166) Membership operator in python? In and not in. 167) Lambda in python? Can take only one expression but any number of Argument. 168) Dict in python? It is something like key and value pair as Map in java. 169) Does python has classes? In python all are denoted as some classes. 170) Multi threading on python? It is a package in python and it use GIL to run the thread one after the other. But isn’t it being not good to use here. 171) What is python private heap space? It is a inbuild garbage collection like java and this space can be used by the developer. 172) Does python support inheritance? Yes, it supports all forms of inheritance single, multiple, hierarchical and multi-level 173) Benefits of Flask? It is light weight and independent package. Mainly a web micro framework. 174) How dir() function is used in python? The defined symbols are defined here. 175) Will exit method in python de allocate the global namespace? No, it has a specific mechanism which it follows as an individual portion. 176) Has python has monkey patching concept within? Yes of course, it does dynamic transactions during the run time of the program. 177) args vs kwargs? Args – don’t know how many arguments are used. Kwargs- don’t know how many keywords are used. 178) use of isupper keyword in python? This will prompt the upper keyword of any character in a string literal. 179) pickling vs unpickling? If the objects translated from string then it seems to be pickling If the String is dumped to objects then it seems to un picking 180) What is py checker in python? It is tool to uantitatively detects the bugs in source code. 181) What are the packages? NUMPY, SCIPY, MATLAB, etc 182) Pass in Python? IT is a namespace with no character and it can be moved to next object. 183) How is unit test done in python? It is done in form of Unittest. This does major of testing activity. 184) Python documentation is called? DoctString such as AI, Python jobs ,Machine learning and Charts. 185) Convert Sting to number and viceversa in python? Str() for String to number and oct() for number to string. 186) Local vs Global in python? Anything inside the function body is local and outside is global as simple as that. 187) How to run script in python? Use py command or python command to run the specific file in Unix. 188) What is unlink in python? This is used to remove the file from the specified path. 189) Program structure in python? Always import the package and write the code without indention 190) Pyramid vs Django? Both used for larger application and Django comes with a ORM framework. 191) Cookies in python? Sessions are known as cookies here it is used to reuest from one object to other. 192) Different types of reuest in python? Before reuest – it is used to passes without the arguments. After reuest – it is used to pass the reuest and response will be generated. Tear down reuest – it is used as same as past but it does not provide response always and the reuest cant be changed. 193) How is fail over mechanism works in python? Once the server shoots the fail over term then it automatically tends to remove the packet each on the solid base and then re shoot again on its own. Socket wont get removed or revoked from the orgin. 194) Dogpile mechanism explain? Whenever the server host the service and when it gets multiple hits from the various clients then the piles get generated enormously. This effect will be seems as Dogpile effect. This can be captured by processing the one hit per time and not allowed to capture multiple times. 195) What is CHMOD 755 in python? This will enhance the file to get all the privileges to read write and edit. 196) CGI in Python? This server mode will enable the Content-type – text/html\r\n\r\n This has an extension of .cgi files. This can be run through the cgi command from the cmd prompt. 197) Sockets explain? These are the terminals from the one end to the other using the TCP, UDP protocols this reuires domain, type, protocol and host address. Server sockets such as bind, listen and accept Client socket such as connect. 198) Assertions in python? This is stated as the expression is hits when we get the statement is contradict with the existing flow. These will throw the error based on the scenario. 199) Exceptions in python? This is as same as JAVA exceptions and it is denoted as the try, catch and finally this also provides the user defined expression. 200) What made you to choose python as a programming language? The python programming language is easy to learn and easy to implement. The huge 3rd party library support will make python powerful and we can easily adopt the python 201) what are the features of python? The dynamic typing Large third party library support Platform independent OOPs support Can use python in many areas like machine learning,AI,Data science etc.. 202) How the memory is managed in python? The private heap space is going to take care about python memory. whenever the object is created or destroyed the heap space will take care. As a programmer we don’t need to involve in memory operations of python 203) What is the process of pickling and unpicling? In python we can convert any object to a string object and we can dump using inbuilt dump().this is called pickling. The reverse process is called unpicling 204). What is list in python? A list is a mutable seuential data items enclosed with in and elements are separated by comma. Ex: my_list=] In a list we can store any kind of data and we can access them by using index 205) What is tuple in python? A tuple is immutable seuential data element enclosed with in () and are separated by comma. Ex: my_tuple=(1,4,5,’mouli’,’python’) We use tuple to provide some security to the data like employee salaries, some confidential information 206) Which data type you prefer to implement when deal with seuential data? I prefer tuple over list. Because the tuple accessing is faster than a list because its immutability 207) What are advantages of a tuple over a list? We can use tuple as a dictionary key because it is hash able and tuple accessing very fast compare to a list. 208) What is list comprehension and dictionary comprehension and why we use it? A list comprehension is a simple and elegant way to create a list from another list. we can pass any number of expressions in a list comprehension and it will return one value, we can also do the same process for dictionary data types Data= Ex: new_list = 209) What is the type of the given datatype a=1? a)int b)Tuple c)Invalid datatype d)String Ans:b 210) Which is the invalid variable assignment from the below? a)a=1,2,3 b)The variable=10 c)the_variable=11 d)none of the above Ans:b 211) Why do we use sets in python? Generally we use sets in python to eliminate the redundant data from any data. And sets didn’t accept any mutable data types as a element of a set Ex: my_set={123,456,’computer’,(67,’mo’)} 212) What are the nameless functions in python? The anonymous functions are called nameless functions in python. We can also call it as lambda function. The lambda functions can be called as a one liner and can be created instantly Syntax: lambda arguments: expression Ex: hello=lambda d:d-(d+1) To call the lambda function Hello(5) 213) What is map and filter in python? Map and filter are called higher order functions which will take another functions as an argument. 214) What is the necessity to use pass statement in python program? Pass is no operation python statement. we can use it while we are implementing the classes or functions or any logic. If class is going be define later in the development phase we can use pass statement for the class to make it syntactically make it valid. Ex: def library(): Pass 215) What is *kwargs and **kwargs? Both are used in functions. both are allowed to pass variable number of arguments to a function only difference is *kwargs is used for non-key word arguments and **kwargs is used for key word arguments Ex: def kwargs(formal_arg, *kwargv): print(“first normal arg:”, formal_arg) for arg in kwargv: print(“another arg through *argv:”, arg) kwargs(‘mouli’, ‘ramesh’, ‘rajesh’, ‘kanna’) 216) Explain about negative indexing? Negative indexing is used in python seuential datatypes like list,string,tuple etc We can fetch the element from the back with out counting the list index Ex: list1 217) What is file context manager? To open a file in safe mode we use WITH context manager. This will ensure the file crashing from some exceptions. we don’t need to close the file explicitly Ex: with open(‘sample.txt’,’w’) as f: Pass 218) Explain between deep and shallow copy? The deep copy , copy the object with reference so that if we made any changes on the original copy the reference copy will be effected, shallow copy ,copy the object in a separate memory so that if we do any changes on original it won’t effect the shallow copy one 219) How can you make modules in python? First we need to save the file with somename.py Second import the somename.py in the newfile.py, so that we can access the somename.py functions in the newfile.py. so that somename.py acts as a module. Even we can share our module to the rest of the world by registering to PYPY community 220) Explain about default database with python? SLite3 comes with python3. It is light weight database for small scale of application 221) What are different modes in file operations? There are 3 modes in python file operations read, write and append sometimes we can do both at a time. read(),readline(),readlines() are the inbuilt functions for reading the file write() is inbuilt function for writing to the file 222) What is enumerate() explain its uses? Enumerate is a built in function to generate the index as we desired in the seuential datatypes Ex: for c ,i in enumerate(data,p): Print(c,i) Here p is optional if we don’t want it we can eliminate it 223) Can we use else with for loop in python? Yes we can use. once all the for loop is successfully executed the else part is going to execute, If there are any error occurs or any break happened in the loop then the else is not going to execute Ex: for I in list1: print(i) Else: print(execution done) even we can use else with while also 224) What is type() and id() will do? The type() will give you the information about datatype and id() will provide you the memory location of the object 225) What is decorators? The decorators are special functions which will very useful when tweaking the function or class.it will modify the functionality of another function. 226) Explain about different blocks in exception handling? There are three main blocks in python exception handling Try Except Finally In the try block we will write all the code which can be prone to error, if any error occurred in this block it will go to the except block. If we put finally block also the execution will hit the finally block. 227) Explain inheritance in python? Inheritance will allow the access to the child call meaning it can access the attributes and methods of the base. There are many types in the inheritance Single inheritance: in this one, have only one base class and one derived class Multilevel inheritance: there can be one or more base classes and one more derived classes to inherit Hierarchical: can derive any number of child classes from single base class Multiple: a single derived can be inherited from any number of base classes 29.write sorting algorithm in python for given dataset= using list comprehension x= print(x.sort()) 228) Explain about multi-threading concept in python? Multi-threading process can be achieved through the multiprocess inbuilt module. GIL(global interpreter lock ) will take care about the multiprocessing in python. simultaneously there are several threads can be run at same time. The resource management can be handled by GIL. 229) Can we do pattern matching using python? Yes, we can do it by using re module. like other programming languages python has comes with powerful pattern matching techniue. 230) What is pandas? Pandas is data science library which deal with large set of data. pandas define data as data frame and processes it. Pandas is a third party library which we need to install. 231) What is pip? Pip is a python package installer. Whenever we need third party library like paramiko,pandas etc We have to use pip command to install the packages Ex: pip install paramiko 232) What is the incorrect declaration of a set? a)myset={} b)myset=set() c)myset=set((1,2,3)) d)myset={1,2,3} Ans:a 233) What is OS module will do in python? OS module is giving access to python program to perform operating system operations like changedirectory, delete or create. Ex: import os os.cwd() 234) What is scheduling in threading? Using scheduling we can decide which thread has to execute first and what is the time to execute the thread. And it is highly dynamic process 235) What is the difference between module and package? A package is folder which can have multiple modules in it. We can import module by its package name.module name 236) How we can send email from python? We can use smtplib inbuilt module to define smtp client, that can be used to send email 237) What is TKIner? TKIner is a python inbuilt library for developing the GUI 238) How can you prevent abnormal termination of a python program We can prevent the abnormal termination by using the exception handling mechanism in python. Try , except and finally are the key words for handling the exception. we can raise our own exceptions in the python. They are called user exceptions 239) what module is used to execute linux commands through the python script and give us with one example We can use OS module to execute any operation system commands. We have to import the OS module first and then give the commands Ex: import os Print(os.system(‘nslookup’+’127.10.45.00’)) 240) what is the process to set up database in Django First we need to edit the settings.py module to set up the database. Django comes with SLite database by default, if we want to continue with default database we can leave settings.py as it is. If we decide to work with oracle or other kind of databases like oracle your database engine should be ‘django.db.backends.oracle’. if it is postgresl then the engine should ‘django.db.backends.postgresl_psycopg2’. We can add settings like password, name host etc. 241) what is Django template A django template is a simple text file which is used to create HTML,CSV or XML. A template contains variables that is replaced with values when we evaluates it 242) what is the uses of middleware in Django? Middleware is responsible for user authentication, session management . 243) what is Django architecture Django architecture contains models ,views, templates and controller The model describes the database schema and data structure. the views retrieves data from model and pass it to the template. Templates are described how the user see it. controller is the logic part and heart of the Django 244) List some of the data science libraries in python NumPy Pandas SciPy Matplotlib 245) How do substitute a pattern in a string using re module Import re >>> re.sub(‘’, ‘o’, ‘Space’) ‘Spooe’ >>> re.sub(‘’, ‘n’, re.sub(‘’, ‘o’, ‘Space’)) ‘Spoon’ 246) What is random module will do in python and what are the functions we can apply on random module Random module will gives the random number from the specific range. Every time we execute we will get the random number Randrange() Randint() Choice() Shuffle() Uniform() Are some of the useful functions in random module 247) What are the noted modules of python in terms of networking Paramiko, netmiko, pexpect etc These module will create a ssh connection between server and the program 248) What is beautifulSoup module will do in python? We are using the module for pulling the data from HTML and XML files 249) What is reuests module will do? It is a python http library. The aim of the reuests module is to make http reuests simpler and more human friendly Ex: Import reuests r = reuests.get(‘https://api.github.com/user’, auth=(‘user’, ‘pass’)) r.status_code 200 >>> r.headers ‘application/json; charset=utf8’ >>> r.encoding ‘utf-8′ >>> r.text # doctest: +ELLIPSIS u'{“type”:”User”…’ >>> r.json() # doctest: +ELLIPSIS {u’private_gists’: 419, u’total_private_repos’: 77, …} 250) What are the basic datatypes in python? Python datatypes include int, float, strings, lists, tuples, sets, dictionaries. 251) How Manages to Python Handle Memory Management? Python is a separate on heaps to keep its memory. So the heap contains all the Python information and these data structures. And it’s the Python created handler that manages the Individual heap. Python employs a built-in garbage receiver, which salvages all the available memory including offloads it to some heap space. 252) What is means by string Python? A string in Python is a mixture of the alpha-numeric volume of characters. They are clear of objects Volume. It suggests that both don’t help move once all get assigned a value. Python provides to programs of join(), replace(), or split() to alter strings variable. 253) What does the meaning of Slicing in python? Python Slicing is defined as Lists of Tuples and Arrays Volume function. The Lists element function has a default bit fo the functionality while slicing. If there is a no conseuence of before that first colon, it expects to begin at the start index of the list. 254) Definition of %S In Python? Python it has to been guide for formatting of any value into a string volume function. It may include uite complex characters. It’s One of the popular usages of the start contents into a string including the %s form specifier. The %S formatting helps Python in a similar variable volume syntax as the C function printf(). 255) what does a function of python programming? A function is an object which describes a block of the system and is a reusable object. It takes modularity to a performance code program and a higher level of code reusability. Python has to give us several built-in functions Volume such as print() function volume and it gives the ability to perform a user-defined function. 256) How to write a functioning volume for python? Step-1: To begin the function Volume of start writing the function with the keyword and then specify the Volume function name. Step-2: We can immediately give the reasons and enclose them doing the parentheses. Step-3: After pushing an enter, we can do it determine the coveted Python records for execution. 257) What is means by Call function in Python? A python function value gets treated because of a callable object. It can provide any thoughts value and also pass a value or increased values into the model of a tuple. Apart from this function, Python should additional constructs, such as being groups or the class instances fit in the related category. 258) How to use of return keywords in python? The purpose of a value function get the inputs and return value of some output. The return value of is a Python statement if it’s we can relate to using for sending content following to its caller. 259) What is meant by“Call By Value” In Python? In call-by-value, that argument to be valued expression or value becomes connected to the particular variable in this function. Python command treats that variable being confined within the function-level field. Any changes done to this variable will continue local and order reflect outside the function. 260) What does means by “Call By Reference” In Python? The Call-by-reference we pass as an argument by reference volume, then it is possible because of an absolute source on the use, first then some simple copy. In such any case, any change to the discussion instructions further is obvious to the caller. 261) Difference between Pass and Continue In Python? The continue report executes the loop value to return from the following emphasis. On the opposite, that passing record instructs to make nothing, including the remainder from the code effects as usual. 262) What is meant by R strip() In Python? Python gives the r-strip() system to increases this string value function but allows avoid this whitespace symbols of that end. This r-strip() transmits that numbers value function of right end based upon particular argument value a string specifying the group of numbers to get excluded. 263) What does defined by whitespace in python? Whitespace is representing the characters string value function that we practice for spacing moreover separation. They maintain the“empty” value function symbol. In Python, it could move some tab or space. 264) What is defined Isalpha() In Python? Python has been provided that built-in isalpha() value function for each string manipulating purpose. It reflects the True value function if all types in this string value function are of alphabet type number, else value function it returns False. 265) What does making the CPython Different From Python? Jython means an implementation from some Python programming language that can operate code using on this Java platform. Jython is uiet as compared to CPython and reuires agreement with CPython libraries. A Python implementation is written in C# getting a Microsoft’s .NET framework. 266) Which is the package Fastest Form Of Python? PyPy gives maximum agreement while utilizing CPython implementation as increasing its performance. The tests verified that PyPy is almost five times faster than uniue CPython. 267) What does the meaning of GIL In Python Language? Python is helped to GI(thats means by the global interpreter) which operates some mutex done to ensure introduction into Python objects, synchronizing multiple threads of running these Python bytecodes at the same time. 268) How do Python Thread Safe? Python ensures the reliable path of the threads. It does this GIL mutex to secure synchronization. If a thread fails the GIL lock through any time, when you must to get this system thread-safe. 269) How Does determine the Python Manage The Memory? Python performs a property manager within which operates any of its articles also data structures. This heap manager makes that allocation/de-allocation from heap space to objects. 270) What is a means by “Tuple In Python”? A tuple is a group of specific data structure under Python is immutable. They mean similar to progressions, really prefer the lists. Also, that tuples follow parentheses as including, but these programs have suare sections in their syntax. 271) What does means by split do in Python? This is the opposite of order which mixes or combines strings within one. To do this, you practice this split function value. What it takes is divided or develop up a string and attach that data into each order collection using a specified separator. If none separator is specified while you charge against specific function, whitespace order signify done by default. 272) How do you convert a string to in python? Use the “int” String function value to convert the number to an integer value. Add five value to the integer. Then, the “str” function value it’s to converts the integer function value to a string value function that Python concatenates and print the output value of the answer. 273) How do you reverse any string in Python? This is continued the reverse value function part syntax. It goes outcomes too by doing – by leaving start value and end off value and defining a step of -1, it reverses value function a string function. 274) What does by Python a scripting language? Python is identified as a scripting language because it is an interpreted language also because that is simple to record scripts in it. A defined python communication programming is a language whose programs have to be obtained before they can be run. 275) What language is Python based on? Since largest recent OS continue written in C, compilers/editors before improved high-level languages exist also written in C. Python continues an exception – its various popular/”traditional” implementation means described CPython more is written in C. 276) What is the best free website to learn Python? Python.org. is one the best Python Software Foundation’s official website is further one of the valuable free source locations.SoloLearn- If it refers to a modular, crash-course-like information environment, SoloLearn gives an excellent, step-by-step knowledge program for beginners, TechBeamers , Hackr.io, Real Python. 277) Difference between Python and Java? The Two biggest difference languages signify that the Java is one the statically typed program coding language and Python is one of the dynamical typed. Python is very heavily code programming language but dynamically typed. In certain means types in one code remain confined to strongly Copied something at runtime. 278) How Can you declare the variables function in Python? In Java or C, every variable must be certified before it can be used. Declaring the variable means connecting it to a data type value function. Declaration of variables is expected in Python. You can specify an integer value function to a variable, use it is an integer value function for a while and when specifying a string to the variable function. 279) How to declare the variables function in Python? Python is defined as a dynamically typed variable, which indicates that you have to declare what type each function variable is. In Python, variables do a storage placeholder during texts and numbers variable. It needs to convert one name so that you remain ualified to get this again. The variable does forever assign with an eual sign, replaced by the value of the variable function. 280) How do you reverse the string in python? There is no such inbuilt function for this. The Easiest way for reversing the string in python is using slice which steps backwards, -1. For example: txt = “Hello World” print(txt). 281) WAP to find the given string in the line? This is the WAP for finding the given string in line. Str = ‘Hello world’ If ‘hello’ in str: Print ‘string found’. 282) What is class variable in python? The Class variable are also known as static variables. These variables are shared by all objects. In Python the variables that are assigned the value in class declaration are known as class variables. 283) What is class in Python? The python is “object oriented language”. Almost all the codes of this language are implemented using a special construct called Class. In simple words, “Class” is an object constructer in Python. 284) How can you handle multiple exception in python? To handle multiple exception in python you can use try statement. You can also use these blocks: The try/except blocks The finally blocks The raise keywords Assertions Defining your own exception 285) Can we write else statement try block in python? Yes, it is possible to write else statement try block. try: operation_that_can_throw_ioerror() except IOError: handle_the_exception_somehow() else: # we don’t want to catch the IOError if it’s raised another_operation_that_can_throw_ioerror() finally: something_we_always_need_to_do(). 286) Does Python have do-while loop statements? No, Python doesn’t have any do-while loop statements. 287) What is the difference between range and xrange in Python? In python the range and xrange are two functions that are used repeat number of time in for loops. The major difference between rang and xrange is that the xrange returns the xrange object while the range returns a python list objects. The xrange is not capable for generating the static list at run-time. On the other hand range can do that. 288) Is it possible to inherit one class from another class? Yes, we can inherit one class from another class in python. 289) Name different types of inheritance in python? The inheritance refers to the capability of on class to derive the properties from other class. In python, there are two major types of inheritance. Multiple Inheritance Multilevel Inheritance 290) What is polymorphism? The polymorphism in python refers to various types of respond to the same function. In Greek language the word poly means “many” and morphism means “forms”. This means that the same function name is being used on objects of different types. 291) How do you convert string as a variable name in python? The simplest way to convert string as a variable name is by using vars(). 292) Why do we want to use break statement in while-loop? While-loop can convert into the infinite loop if you don’t use break statement. 293) Why we are using Def keyword for method? The Def keyword in python is used to form a new user-defined function. The def keywords mark the beginning of function header. The functions are the objects through which one can easily organize the code. 294) Why are we using self as first argument? The first argument represents the current instance of the class. The first argument is always called self. With the use of “self” keyword one can easily access the characteristics and methods of the class in python. 295) Why we are using a Python Dictionary? There is huge collection of data values in the python dictionary. These dictionaries are accessed to retrieve the value of the keys that unknown to the users. There is a key: value pair provided in the dictionary which makes it more optimized. 296) What are the use of tuples in Python? A tuple in python is a series of immutable Python objects. These tuples are similar to the list that are used for organizing data to make it easier to understand. If Python has created a tuple in memory, it difficult to change them. 297) What are the use of sets in Python? The Python Set is the collection objects similar to lists and dictionaries. All the elements should be original and uniue and must be immutable. The python sets in comparison with list provides highly optimized method for ensuring whether a specific element is contained in the set. 298) Does Python supports hybrid inheritance? No, python doesn’t support hybrid inheritance. But we can use straight method and round diamond method we can achieve it. 299) What is the uses of middleware in Django? Middleware is responsible for user authentication, session management . 300) Explain Deep Copy in Python There are some values copied already. To store those copied values, Deep copy is used. Unlike Shallow copy, Deep copy will not copy the reference pointers. 301) Define the usage of split If you want to separate a provided string in Python, use split() function. 302) What is the keyword to import a module in Python? Use the keyword ‘import’ to import the modules in Python. 303) List out the different types of inheritance available in Python Hierarchical inheritance, Multi-level inheritance, Multiple inheritance, and Single Inheritance are the four types inheritance available in Python. 304) Define monkey patching You can make dynamic modifications to a module or class during the run-time. This process is called monkey patching in Python. 305) Explain encapsulation Binding the data and code together is known as encapsulation. Example of encapsulation is a Python class. 306) Define Flask in Python Flask, a microframework principally constructed for a minor application with easier reuirements. External libraries must be used in Flask and flask is always ready to use state. 307) Define Pyramid in Python For larger application, you can make use of Pyramid and this is hefty configurable concept. Pyramid affords suppleness and permits the developer to employ the appropriate tools for their assignment. 308) Define Django in Python Similar to Pyramid, Django is built for larger applications and ORM is included. 309) Provide the Django MVT Pattern Django Pattern 310) Why to use Python numpy instead o f lists? Python numpy is convenient, less memory and rapid when compared to lists. Hence, it is better to use python numpy. 311) Mention the floor division available in Python Double-slash (//) is the floor division in Python. 312) Is there any maximum length expected for an identifier? No, there is no maximum length expected for an identifier as it can have any length. 313) Why do we say “a b c = 1000 2000 3000” is an invalid statement in Python? We cannot have spaces in variable names and hence a b c = 1000 2000 3000 becomes invalid statement. 314) Mention the concept used in Python for memory managing Python private heap space is the one used to manage memory. 315) What are the two (2) parameters available in Python map? Iterable and function are the two (2) parameters available in Python map 316) Explain “with” statement in Python As soon as there is a block of code, you can open and close a file using “with” statement in Python. 317) What are the modes to open a file in Python? read–write mode (rw), write-only mode (w), and read-only mode (r) is the three (3) modes to open a file in Python. 318) Try to provide the command to open a file c:\welcome.doc for writing Command to open a file for writing f= open(“welcome.doc”, “wt”) 319) Explain Tkinter in Python An inbuilt Python module helpful in creating GUI applications is known as Tkinter. 320) What does the keyword do in python? The yield keyword can turn ant function into a generator. It works like a standard return keyword. But it will always return a generator object. A function can have multiple calls the keyword. Example: def testgen(index): weekdays = yield weekdays yield weekdays day = testgen(0) print next(day), next(day) Output: Sun mon PYTHON Interview Questions with Answers Pdf Download Read the full article

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Sending-Data-of-IOT-Wireless-Temperature-and-Humidity-Sensor-to-MySQL

We are using here NCD’s Temperature and Humidity sensor, but the steps stay the equal for any of the NCD product, so if you have other NCD wireless sensors, experience free to observe alongside besides. By means of the stop of this text, you need to have a stable understanding of how to set up the sensors, configure node-red, and see the data on a dashboard like the one pictured right here.

IoT Long Range Wireless Temperature and Humidity Sensor

Introducing NCD’s long-range wireless temperature humidity sensor, boasting up to a 28 Mile range using a wireless mesh networking architecture. Incorporating the Honeywell HIH9130 temperature humidity sensor transmits highly accurate temperature and humidity samples at user-defined intervals.

The on-board temperature sensor is rated for -25°C to 85°C or -13°F to 185°F and the humidity sensor is rated for 0 to 100% RH. It can be powered by just 2 AA batteries and an operational lifetime of 500,000 wireless transmissions. Battery life can be extended up to 10 years depending on environmental conditions and the data transmission interval. Optionally, this sensor may be externally powered.

With an open communication protocol, this IoT wireless temperature humidity product can be integrated with just about any control system or gateway. Data can be transmitted to a PC, a Raspberry Pi, to Microsoft Azure® IoT, or Arduino. Sensor parameters and wireless transmission settings can be changed on the go using the open communication protocol providing maximum configurability depending on the intended application.

The long-range, price, accuracy, battery life and security features of Long Range Wireless Temperature Humidity Sensor make it an affordable choice which exceeds the requirements for most of the industrial as well as consumer market applications.

Long-Range Wireless Mesh Modem with USB Interface

Zigmo Wireless Communication Mesh Networking is simply the hottest wireless technology of our time period. It’s fast, it’s very easy to use, highly reliable, and self-healing. Three components are required for the ZigBee Mesh Network, the Coordinator ©, the Router (R) and the Endpoint (E). Your computer can speak to a ZigBee Mesh Network using a Coordinator. Think of the Coordinator as the interface to a Wireless Mesh Network. NCD Coordinators are equipped with a USB Interface. This Zigmo mounts as a Serial Port on your computer, and you will develop software that sends Serial commands at 115.2K Baud. The primary job of a router is to bridge the wireless gap between your computer (the Coordinator) and the device (Endpoint). If the Coordinator cannot speak to the Endpoint device because it is out of range, a Router can be used to bridge the two devices together. Endpoints are simply devices. With regard to NCD products, Endpoints can be relay controllers, data collection devices, PWM devices, and much more.

Resources Required

IoT Long Range Wireless Temperature Humidity Sensor with power source Battery Or External DC.

Zigmo/Router for PC

XAMPP

PC/Laptop with an OS installed or Any IoT Embedded Device.

Setting up XAMPP

XAMPP is most prevailing, free an open-source cross-platform which is one solution to run your web services. XAMPP is developed by ApacheFriends which released in May 2002. XAMPP Stands for Cross-Platform(X), Apache(A), MySQL(M) also Sometimes (M) refers to MariaDB, PHP(P) and Pearl(P).

XAMPP allows you to work on a local server and test local copies of websites using PHP code and MySQL databases. Once XAMPP is active, you can access your local copy with a browser using an URL like http://localhost/ or http://127.0.0.1/

Downloading and Installing XAMPP

Go to XAMPP web site and download the installer based on your operating system. Installation should be similar to a normal software installation you do in your operating system.

When installing, there would be an option to select whether you want to run Apache and MySQL as services. If you chose it, Apache and MySQL will start at system boot-up which may not need if your computer is tight with memory resources or if you are not doing PHP development frequently. You can change these settings after installation.

Starting Apache and MySQL

Go to the location where you installed XAMPP (usually C:\Program Files\xampp) and double click on XAMPP Control Panel (xampp-control.exe). This will bring you the following screen. Click on Start buttons next to Apache and MySQL for starting them.

Now open up your browser and type http://localhost/ or http://127.0.0.1/

This will open up the following page. Click on the phpMyAdmin.

This will bring you the following screen. Now click on the “New” button as shown  in the picture below to create a new database.  

Now create a new database as shown in the picture below.

Now create a table to visualize data as shown in the picture below.

Now name the first column as “id”.

Now scroll to the right side of the screen you will see “A_I Comments” i.e. Auto Increments and it is used setting primary key which uniquely identifies each record within the table. Click on the checkbox below it.

This will bring you the following screen. Now click on the “Go” button.

Now enter the values of other three columns Name = temperature, Type = DECIMAL, Length/Values = 10,2(i.e up to 2 decimal points) and similarly for humidity and in the last column you can show created time and click on the save button as shown in the picture below.

Now click on your database name to expand it and it will show your table name, then click on it to view how data is shown, as shown in the picture below.

That’s all with the setting up of XAMPP.

Setting up Node-Red.

The sensor and Zigmo/Router come pre-programmed and work out of the box. In this section, we will set up a sensor and Zigmo link and start receiving data on our PC.

Steps to install NODE-RED

Now that you have sensors running, we need a way to do something useful with that data.

First of all, you’ll have to install Node-RED.

Once that’s done, you’ll need to enter your command line, or Power Shell for Windows users, navigate to the directory Node-RED is installed in.

Now type “npm i ncd-red-wireless node-red-dashboard“. This will install the nodes required to receive data from your wireless sensors and you can start Node-RED once this is done.

To start node server write node-red in the command prompt or terminal and press enter.

Setting up the nodes

Assuming at this point you’ve started up Node-RED, you should be able to open a browser and navigate to http://localhost:1880, this will open up the flow builder that is the heart of the Node-RED experience.

Steps to build the flow

At this point you’ll be viewing a large blank flow with a long list of nodes on the left-hand side, this sidebar is called the palette.

Go ahead and drag a Wireless Gateway node over to your flow canvas to get started.

ncd-red-wireless Provides the nodes that manage the serial connection, parse incoming sensor data, filter it by specific parameters, and allow you to configure the wireless sensors.

Finding your wireless sensors

Once you’ve added the node you’ll be able to view the info tab, which contains information about the node’s functionality, this tab is well-populated for most node-red packages and contains valuable information, many times you will not need to view any other documentation outside of the info tab, so keep it in mind while you are building your flows if you have a question about how a node works. The next thing we need to do is configure the node, when you first add it you’ll notice that there is a small triangle on the top right corner next to a blue dot, the triangle indicates that the node needs additional configuration, the blue dot indicates that the node has not yet been deployed as part of the flow.

Double click on the node to open up the configuration options.

Click on the pencil icon next to the Serial Device field to configure your USB router, this will open a second configuration panel that only has a few options.

Click on the magnifying glass next to the Serial Port field and select the port that corresponds with your router, then click the “Add” button on top.

The Serial Device field will now be populated based on that selection, and you can click “Done”, you now have direct access to your wireless sensors! To view the data coming in.

Now go back to your palette and type “debug” into the search field at the top, grab one of these nodes and drag it to the right of your Wireless Gateway.

Double click on it and change “msg.” to “complete msg object” click done.

Now draw a line between the two nodes, and click “Deploy” on the top right of the window...

Working with the data

Now out of your wireless sensors data is gathered and it is output to the “debug” tab, this “debug tab” is placed within the right sidebar subsequent to the information tab. To see the information are available in to hit the reset button. In node-red records is surpassed among nodes in a JSON packet. When the msg object comes into the debug tab you may make bigger it to view the overall list of information that comes with it. This is extraordinarily useful in case you need to quickly see which sensors are checking in. The other issue this node gives is an easy way to interchange your router to the network identity that devices in configuration mode document on, simply hit the button on the left of the node and the tool will switch to the configuration network, hit it once more to return it to listening mode. Once we get the wi-fi tool nodes set up, they may be set to routinely configure a sensor whilst it enters configuration mode, so it’s always available to maintain such gateway nodes present at the flow for speedy configuring a device.

Adding the wireless sensors

we need to separate wireless sensor records domestically in order that we are able to display it, we could use a switch node to split out the messages from the gateway based totally on the mac address with or sensor type, but as I referred to, the wireless nodes truly incorporate extra functionality for configuring the sensors, so we’ll start with them to give you an extra entire image of how those structures can work. In case you haven’t already seen packets coming in from both of your sensors, cross in advance and hit the reset button on the only that hasn’t stated. While a sensor assessment in thru any serial device configuration node, the mac address and kind of sensor is cached in a pool so we are able to quickly find it for the duration of this next step.

Grab a Wireless Node from the palette and drag it onto the flow, double click on it to get it configured.

Select the serial device from the drop-down that you used for the Wireless Gateway, now click the magnifying glass next to “Mac Address” and select one of the available options.

You’ll notice this automatically sets the sensor type for you, you can also give it a name to make it easier to identify. As noted in the info tab, the Serial Device for Config field is optional, and we won’t worry about it right now. The node you have just added effectively works as a filter on incoming sensor data, only passing through data for the mac address, or sensor type if no mac address is present.

Now go back to your palette and type “debug” into the search field at the top, grab one of these nodes and drag it to the right of your Wireless Gateway.

Double click on it and click done

Adding Function Nodes

The function node is used to run JavaScript code against the msg object. The function node accepts a msg object as input and can return 0 or more message objects as output. This message object must have a payload property (msg.payload) and usually has other properties depending on the proceeding nodes.

Now grab a “function” node from the palette, and place it to the right of the Temp/Hum node.

Double click on the node to open up the configuration options.

Here you have to write little javascript code to create a condition, so the data is sent to the MySQL database.

Now you have added “MySQL” node to store data, check your palette if it is present there or you can click on the three bars present right side of deploy button as shown in the picture below.

Now click on the “Manage palette” button.

Now search for mysql and click on the ‘install’ button as shown in the picture.

Once it is done, you’ll see “mysql” node is present in the palette.

Now grab the “mysql” node from the palette and double click on it to open up configuration options.

Write your database name as you created earlier and give a name to it, then click on the pencil icon next to the Database to edit the sqldatabase node.

Now add User = root i.e by default in the xampp and password is blank. You can also create user and password enter that here, then enter your database name and time zone(optional) and then click update and done.

Now you’ll see your database node shows connected.

Now connect all the wires as shown in the picture.

Now hit the deploy button and you’ll database node shows “ok”, its means data is sending.

OUTPUT

Here you can visualize the data coming in.

Node_Red_FLOW

https://github.com/ncdcommunity/Sending-Data-of-OT-Wireless-Temperature-and-Humidity-Sensor-to-MySQL/blob/master/node-red%20Sql_flow.json

[nonjo]

Essential Mac Software 2018

MailMate

I’ve been around the horn on email clients on the Mac over the years, from Entourage to Outlook to Mail to AirMail. Whatever it was that everyone hated about Apple Mail was lost on me, because it was close to perfect. I’ve written about how I figured out how to (mostly) stay on top of email in a previous post, and Mail was really the only client that worked for me. (You can create smart searches in GMail but it doesn’t work the way I, or anyone who wanted to follow my method, need it to). In short, I focus on email sent only to me and in the last 24 to 48 hours. I make every attempt to whack away at all other email (distribution list email, etc) within 24 hours. Yes, stuff slips through. But it relieves the cognitive burden of seeing a full inbox every time you look at email. (Mail for iOS also supports a Today view, and recently AirMail for iOS added one as well.)

MailMate’s demo period is very generous–30 days (that’s 30 days of use, not 30 calendar days, mind you). You have to fiddle with it a bit to get Gmail to work correctly (my school district uses it across the district) if you want to preserve the inbox vs. archived mail scheme that Google employs, but it’s not difficult to do. Furthermore, it supports Smart Searches à la Mail and even offers some powerful suggestions for other Smart Searches.

MailMate Smart Searches

MailMate supports a number of other features that make it worth looking at. It has a plug-in system so that you can send messages right to OmniFocus and DEVONthink, for example, and supports hopping into your favorite text editor to craft longer messages. (This is how I rediscovered MailMate and decided to give it a try–I was looking for a way to recreate the experience of using HogBay Software’s QuickCursor. There are a host of views supported as well, including a unique correspondance view. But really, I wanted a complete absence of visual clutter… think plain text, no email previews: just a stark list of your messages with data in columns, as little or as much as you want.

MailMate’s Austerity

In the realm of email clients, MailMate is kind of expensive, but if your needs are largely solipsistic and you have to handle volume–and you like a sparse layout–it’s very much worth the price. And if you like to hack, it’s probably the only game in town.

MailMate Plugins for OmniFocus and DEVONthink

If there’s a downside here, it’s that I can’t use InfoClick with MailMate. The search features are more robust in MailMate than Mail, so I probably don’t need InfoClick. Behold:

MailMate Search Modifiers

So the string “f tgod A xls” reveals any email from my boss that has an attachment with “xls” in the filename. That’s pretty powerful, and a good example of how I would use InfoClick.

Bartender

I started using Purple Safari shortly after it came out and the long appelation in Mac OS X’s menu bar meant that a number of menu bar items were obscured… and not necessarily the ones that I would have chosen to obscure. Bartender gives you a menu bar item into which you can store menu bar items that you don’t necessarily need to see all the time. I like to keep wifi, time, and battery visible all the time; clicking on the Bartender icon reveals Dropbox, Google Drive, OmniSync Serivces, MailMate’s unread count, 1Password, volume, BetterSnapTool, Airplay, Bumpr, Script Menu, Bluetooth, Time Machine, and Spotlight. For example, I’d never click on the Spotlight icon; I’d invoke it using the keyboard. With Dropbox, I just need to see if it’s online or not. It’s not something I interact with generally, but it’s helpful to see if there’s a network issue.

Bartender: Menu Bar Tidied Up

Bartender: Menu Bar Expanded

Bumpr

Bumpr does one thing: when you click on a URL, you can choose the browser that handles the URL. This works by changing Bumpr to your default web browser. It also handles mailto links.

I’m primarly a Safari user, but there are some applications, and links to documents and spreadsheets at work, that are better accessed using Chrome. Furthermore, I like to be logged into my work account in Chrome, and my personal Gmail account on Safari.

Clicking on URLs in Safari won’t invoke Bumpr, only links from outside of the browser. This is smart because obviously it would get old if you were selecting a browser every time you tried to follow a link.Bumpr optionally allows you to set a default choice as well, and only prompts you to choose if you hold down the shift key.

I first discovered Choosy for the purpose of selecting a browser, and while it’s perfectly serviceable, Bumpr looks a little better.

Bumpr in Action

For most of my purposes, I start in 1Password and click on a link. I hold down the Shift key and choose the browser I want to use for the site… It’s an extra step but there are some services that don’t do Safari; I no longer have to copy/paste links in Chrome.

Scrivener

So much as been written about this app that it isn’t instructive for me to say much about it. I will say, though, that I was always curious about the application, but I always approached it like a word processor. And it is decidedly not a word processor. Yes, you write in Scrivener, but it is the organizational features that make it worth learning if you have long-form writing to do.

I wrote recently about how I took some classes online during the 2017–18 school year. I was in the position of having to download scholarly journal articles, incorporate them into a written work, and use APA format to document the citations.

For the first class, I would create a new Scrivener document and then discrete sections for each 1,000-word project:

Title Page

Abstract

Description and analysis

Body of Paper

References

I had to compile the papers into Word documents (ugh) for submission. Scrivener was in ways overkill for these projects, as the sections weren’t very long. What I did like, though, was the ability to print journal articles to the Scrivener projects. So having a PDF of an article in a Safari window could be sent to the “Research” folder in the active Scrivener project. This made it easy to keep the research together with the project, rather than in a folder or in DEVONthink, where I’d have to look for them later. It wasn’t the only way to get the papers done, but it was a good way for me to work, and I used the first class to understand this curious app I’d heard so much about. It was a learning experience for sure.

Saving Reference Materials into Scrivener

The second class, which focused on school law, required me to write legal briefs… and lots of them. Briefs are exactly that–brief–and I had to follow a standard format for each one:

Facts

Procedure

Issue

Ruling

Analysis

One brief would not require Scrivener’s services. But weeks four and five saw me writing 10 and 11 briefs, respectively, and I ended up writing over 40. My strategy this time was different; I collected all of the briefs by unit (each week was a new unit) in one Scrivener file, and used Scrivener’s powerful Compile feature to create a discrete Word document for each unit. Compile was possibly the most confusing feature initially, but eminently worth understanding due to the power it gave you when shaking a project down into something to share.

So the structure of the “School Law Legal Briefs” file (one file to rule them all) looked like this:

Unit 1:

Brief 1:

Facts

Procedure

Issue

Ruling

Analysis

Brief 2:

Facts

Procedure

Issue

Ruling

Analysis

References

Unit 2:

repeat…

The Anatomy of a Brief

Subsequent units could be compiled into a Word doc that only included the work unique to that unit, and I could obscure or reveal as much of the previous weeks’ work as I needed. At the ending of the course, I had one project, not eight. It was a project that could have simply been done in Word or Nisus Writer Pro or Pages or Mellel or… you get the idea. But as with email, being able to restrict your focus to that which you are working on in the moment is cognitively liberating.

There’s one more thing that I will say about Scrivener: if you are a person who gets a kick of preparing something in one format, and then seeing how it comes out in another format, you would very much like Scrivener. What do I mean? For example, if you enjoy that moment when you render your code from HTML or Markdown to see if it looks how you thought it would, you know what I’m talking about. If you use a text editor and LaTexwrite in LaTex, you also know what I mean. I’m sure some people hate that feeling. But it gasses me. And that’s what Compile is like in Scrivener.

Apps that I wrote about before and continue to use:

gSuite: we use Google services at work. The sharing features and ubiquity of your files is hard to beat. And you can use any email client you want, mostly.

DEVONthink: if it doesn’t go into OmniFocus or Google Drive, it goes into DEVONthink.

TextExpander 5: I sprung for the subscription after TextExpander 5 started randomly crashing on me. I’m not inclined to call it a conspiracy but I don’t know if Smile was paying much attention to version 5 much.* It’s probably not worth the subscription cost for how I use it but it’s the only expansion utility that developers seem to support in iOS. My reliance has waned over the years as I do less overall writing.

OmniFocusOmniFocus: Still the king of GTD for me. I want to buy the new version of Things (I did get the iOS version) so that I can compare, but version OmniFocus 3’s switch to tags from contexts, and allowing for multiple tags per action item, solves the only real gripe I had with OmniFocus.

Bear: I still use this all the time for taking notes and other reference material. I struggle sometimes with deciding if something should go into DEVONthink or Bear, but it is often the first place I go when I need to type. Should Drafts ever offer an Mac OS version, though, there will be trouble.

Pixelmator: My go-to for editing images. I like Acorn too.

BBEdit: Also often the place I go to start writing. I will invoke BBEdit in LaunchBar if it’s not already running and start writing. I don’t code but I like the speed and general unfussiness associated with using BBEdit. What’s more portable than a .txt file?

BetterSnapTool: I don’t know if Apple will ever admit that Aero Snap is cool, but it is.

1Password: I downloaded the version 7 beta and decided to go for the subscription. I like the online version of the app as a backup in the event that all of my devices went up in a puff of dust. I also don’t ever want to change password managers unless something really compels me.

Launchbar: Stalwart. I don’t use many of the features but the clipboard history just saved my bacon the other day, and other features (calculator expecially) just delight me.

I like AgileBits’ offering of both standalone and subscription versions of 1Password, and I think TextExpander could offer something like that. The major feature that accompanied TextExpander’s subscription switchover–team snippits–are not useful to me at all. It’s the same app, only way more expensive.

[larryhallucination-blog]

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