LIS 4370 Final project outline
So, the package that I have created is a Viterbi algorithm package which is intended to pre-process text for NLP work. The general premise of how the function works is that you provide a dictionary of and language and the text that you want to train it on. The dictionary is then trained so that any modifications to the text are done in context. After the dictionary is trained the Viterbi algorithm can be applied to separate fussed words or correct spelling mistakes. The algorithm is not perfect; however, it is one of the best methods that I have found for correcting these kinds of errors. In the following section I will demonstrate how to use the package and potential pitfalls of implementation.
The two following sections are simply demonstrating how the dictionary and text can look, for use with the viterbi algorithm.
> dictionary <- AlphaWords
> head(dictionary)
words
1 aa
2 aaa
3 aah
4 aahad
5 aahing
6 aahs
> sample_text <- SampleText
> sample_text
[1] "This is just an example of a kind of sentence that the viterbi algorithm can solve. Since it's trained on the used data it is important that the combined word showes up in its individual form atleast one in the data. For example, in this dataset the combined word will be wordshowes as that does show up in the dataset I will also add a typo for the word solv which may be corrected depending on the dictionary that is provided. Though since solve shows up a few times I think it'll correct to solve on as desired."
The first step to working with the viterbi algorithm is to process the dictionaries as certain characters can cause issues with the algorithm in its base form.
> dictionary <- populate_dictionary(dictionary)
> head(dictionary)
words
[1,] “aa”
[2,] “aaa”
[3,] “aah”
[4,] “aahed”
[5,] “aahing”
[6,] “aahs”
Following the dictionary processing the dictionary needs to be trained for use with the viterbi algorithm which is done as follows. This will create a hashed dictionary which is a simple data structure that has a key value pair similar in a sense to a list however much faster and more data efficient.
> viterbi_list <- train_viterbi(sample_text, dictionary)
vitberi_list[[1]] will be a hashed dictionary
vitberi_list[[2]] will be the total number of words
vitberi_list[[3]] will be the longest word in the dictionary
> hashed_dictionary <- viterbi_list[[1]]
> total <- viterbi_list[[2]]
> max_word_length <- viterbi_list[[3]]
This can be mapped to a dictionary and run on every word if desired, however, the text is small, so I’ll just use the words function to separate the text. Following the trained dictionary each word of the sample text can be run through the join_words() function and corrected.
> for(word in words(sample_text)){
processed_text <- join_words(word, hashed_dictionary, total, max_word_length)
}
> processed_text
[1] " this is just an example of a kind of sentence that the viterbi algorithm can solve since it's trained on the used data it is important that the combined word showes up in its individual form atleast one in the data for example in this dataset the combined word will be wordshowes as that does show up in the dataset i will also add a typo for the word solv which may be corrected depending on the dictionary that is provided though since solve shows up a few times i think it'll correct to solve on as desired"
Now it’s important to note that not much has changed in this sample dataset and this makes complete sense. While it is true that the viterbi algorithm will correct texts that are fussed or misspelt it generally requires quite a large training dataset to be used properly. In this case the dataset is only a few sentences and thus it’ll have little to no coercion over how words should be spelt. Ultimately the algorithm is just a probability comparison and if the typo shows up just as much as the correct spelling or if the typo is actually just an uncommon spelling of a word, then the algorithm will simply choose which shows up first.
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The Novaks: The One With The Cat
The Novaks masterlist
Characters: Michael, Lucifer, Gabriel, Balthazar, Castiel x sister!reader
Words: 1515
Warnings: Just a little bit of swearing, a tiny bit of subtle fluff
A/N: Hey you guys, it’s been a while since I posted, and I’m really sorry about that. Anyway, here’s a new piece of the Novaks, and it’s lighthearted for once, so don’t worry it won’t rip your heart out haha. Hope you enjoy this incredibly delayed part :)
You clutch the black cat towards your chest, subconsciously scratching it behind its ear as you cross the road, heading towards your house. If you are to be cautious, you probably shouldn’t head straight towards it, but figure out a plan and course of action first, but it’s freaking cold out, and it looks like it’s about to rain. And cats don’t like rain, right? So really, you’re doing it for the cat — and not for yourself, not at all, you just happen to not like rain, also.
You already know that the cat in your arms are going to cause you some serious trouble. Michael will never approve of it. Ever. But it’s not like you wanted to get it, but no one else would, and you know better than to think that rainbows and cotton candy is what wait for animals no one wanted. And besides, it’s so damn cute with its soft, fluffy fur and round eyes.
As the first heavy raindrops fall, you jump up the stairs to your home, and quietly sneak inside. You hold you breath and listen. At first it’s quiet but then you hear Michael and Lucifer’s voices in the kitchen, talking passive aggressively about something.
So, you try to cover the cat as best as you can with your denim jacket, and head towards the stairs, but as you take your first step, they creak loudly.
”Hello?” Michael calls out.
”It’s (Y/N)!” you call back.
The last thing you want is for him to grow suspicious and go and look what the sound came from, because then he would see you and your new pet.
”Where have you been?” he then asked, and you could hear him leaving the kitchen, chair scraping against the floor and footsteps heading in your direction.
”Just out,” you reply vaguely as you start to move up the stairs. It’s dark on the second floor, as no light are on, and the chances of your older brother seeing the cat get smaller as you move up into the darkness. ”I’m going to my room to study, history test tomorrow.”
It’s a lie — not the history test, the studying — but Michael lets out an approving sound. You walk up the rest of the stairs, taking two steps at a time, hurry into your room and close the door behind you.
Once inside, you set the cat down. It purrs and begins to walk around the room, looking around itself. You sit down on your carpet and reach out a welcoming hand, trying to befriend the creature. But the cat simply ignores you, finding a pair of socks far more interesting.
You don’t know exactly how much time has passed when the door to your room suddenly open and you freeze.
”(Y/N), would you like to—,” there’s a pause, ”what is that?”
You stiffly turn around, eyes wide as saucers. ”Hello Castiel.”
”(Y/N),” Castiel whisper-yells as he makes his way into the room, ”is that a cat? You know you can’t just bring a cat into our home, Michael will—”
”I know,” you hiss, subconsciously reaching out to pet the cat that’s stroking itself against your legs.
”What are you going to do about it?” Castiel asks, eyebrows now furrowed as his blue eyes latch onto the black animal filled with a certain curiosity.
”I don’t know,” you reply and sigh. ”I kinda like it.”
You’ve only had it for about an hour, maximum, but still you had grown attached. Probably more attached to the cat than the cat is to you. It’s just so cute, with it’s impossibly black fur that almost makes it look like a silhouette, and the yellow, expressive eyes.
You watch as he tentatively reach out a hand. The cat immediately spots it, creeps closer, and gives Castiel a headbutt, rubbing it’s head against it. Castiel smiles fondly, despite himself.
”See, he likes you, and you like him,” you say, making your brother look at you instead of the cat, and he frowns a little again, feeling a bit outwitted. ”It’s perfect.”
”What is that?” a new voice speaks up, and you sigh loudly, face palming.
”You couldn’t have closed the door, Cas?” you ask, looking between Castiel and Gabriel, who’s now entering the room.
”Mike’s not gonna like this,” Gabriel states in a sing-song voice. ”Which means I do.”
Gabriel walks over to the cat, picks it up and sits down on your bed. You look at him, a little unsurely, but then he begins to pet the cat, who begins to purr loudly. It claws his lap, before curling up into a ball in it. How did you not know before that he’s practically a cat whisperer?
Eventually, you give in and sit down next to your older brother, petting the cat as well.
And just like Castiel, Gabriel didn’t close the door behind him, and ten minutes later, Lucifer and Balthazar has joined you, unsurprisingly, and the hype surrounding the cat intensifies.
Meanwhile, Michael’s alone downstairs. The house has gotten suspiciously quiet, except for a few thuds coming from his only sister’s room. Sighing, he leaves the couch, and heads upstairs. Something’s up and he knows he’s not going to like it, because he knows his siblings. They never do what they’re told, and have no problem stepping on Michael’s nerves.
As he walks closer to your room, he notices that the door is actually closed, but there’s muffled, excited voices coming from inside. He wonders what you’re doing in there — and why he hasn’t moved out yet — before he grabs the handle and opens the door.
All he sees are backs.
”What the hell are you doing in here?” he asks loudly, and then he sees five surprised faces as you all turn around at his voice.
”Michael,” you address him, voice even higher than usual before you laugh nervously. ”What are you doing here?”
”Answer my question,” Michael says with a tone that implies that he’s not up for this bullshit, and his patience is running out, as always.
The silence is thick, and Michael strains his eyes as he lets his gaze run across the room, looking for something out of the ordinary that tells him what’s up — and that’s when he sees a tail.
Leaving his spot by the door, Michael walks up to his siblings, and pushes them to the side to see what they’re hiding, and is met by a black cat.
You immediately reach out to pick it up from the floor, holding it protectively in your arms. Balthazar and Gabriel cross their arms and place themselves between you and the cat, and the oldest Novak sibling.
”What the hell, (Y/N),” Michael states lowly, his eyes boring into yours.
You twist uncomfortably, ”sorry…”
”That cat is leaving,” Michael decides with finality in his voice, as he crosses his arms over his chest, ”now.”
”But—” Castiel begins. Michael interrupts.
”No, no pets allowed, you know the rules.”
”Hey, Mike,” Lucifer speaks up, stepping closer to Michael as he raises his chin. ”Stop being such a bore.”
”Actually, the cat’s awesome,” Balthazar agrees. ”He’s kind of a douchebag, but he’s cool. We like him.”
”And, he has a name too, you know,” Castiel speaks up, looking at Michael. ”It’s Crowley.”
Michael frowns, shaking his head to himself. ”Crowley. Why the hell did you name him Crowley?”
”Why the hell not?” Gabriel counters, and Michael looks like he’s about to give up.
Michael sighs and looked at his siblings. Balthazar stands closest, tense. Gabriel stares at him with a look that says come on man, you couldn’t possibly. Lucifer just raises his eyebrows, and Michael already knows what he thinks, because he always has to disagree with him, per definition. Castiel stands protectively between Michael and the cat, looking as scary as the rather scrawny teen possibly could, and then finally there’s you peeking your head out behind Castiel while holding the pet, gently scratching it behind its fluffy ears as it only squirmed a little.
There’s four young men between Michael and the cat, and then there’s you, who Michael knows won’t give up the animal without a fight.
”Fine then,” Michael growls, rolling his eyes as his shoulder lump.
He’s always the bad guy and this household, and for once he decides not to.
”What did you say?” Lucifer presses, wanting his brother to repeat his words of defeat.
The rest of you only stares at Michael, blinking being your only moves.
”I said fine,” Michael says louder, and that’s what sets you off.
A wide smile spreads on your face, as Gabriel and Balthazar high fives. Castiel cheers and Lucifer smirks contently.
Michael leaves the room in silence, and heads down the stairs again to retreat to the first floor where he spends most of his time, by himself.
Not that night though, because when you go downstairs to fetch a glass of water, you find Michael sitting in the couch, watching TV, Crowley curled up on the couch next to him.
The Novaks Tag List: @spacetor @rosie-winchester @lillyofthefandom @nxrd-bxtch @justaboredgir1 @hi-my-name-is-riley @steve-rogcrs @multifandom-slytherin @elma-shay @thedumbestravenclaw @castielsarsebutt @gabriels-candy-pile @fangirlpastel @mashed-fandom-imagines @yes-this-is-doggo @plethora-of-things @clairese1980 @flannel-freak @frozenheart27 @honeybeetrash @ohmoosemymoose @msdooos @sympathyforluci @mysteriouslyevil
Supernatural Tag List: @daughters-and-winsisters @evyiione @samanddeanshotsis @fabulouslycassie @delessapeace-blog @mariairwin666 @1amluke @saveprettydays @cookee50 @yoursmilemakesmeloveyou @infamati--et--obliterati @stillcooli0 @sammysbeanie @ocean-calls-me @deepbreathssammy @extreme-supernatural-lover @mogaruke @winchestersmut @i-kdog-posts @steve-rogcrs @wordshowers @27bmm @jjsoccer11 @ivebeenraisedfromperdition @disappointeddinosaur @nicolevanderstar @frayedphan @jared-jensen-misha-are-lovelyy @straightestgay-voice @legend-o-zelda @mynameisdesolation @to-stars-and-back @forevershadeddark @stonergirl4life95 @wxnchestervevo @captainemwinchester @rosie-winchester @violinmyhead @magical-cas @quackerstheduck663057 @falloutofmymemez @messy-buns-and-shotguns @assbutt-still-in-hell @phonegalhelp @lemonadegazeelle @stilesneedsprotection @mcallmestiles @wishedworld @catstielanddeanthedog @foe-throughthetrees @phire23 @winchesterhound @hi-my-name-is-riley @th3things-in-mymind @lillyofthefandom @pearlender @iamafishandigosplish @hellhoundlover @super100012 @mellorine-paprika @tracyturnblad-irl @waywardlodging @winchestergirl607 @lionheo04 @because-you-never-know-when @mistake-island
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