#waste processing

[earaercircular]

Eternal packaging exists

The aluminum that is recycled without losing properties, allows a drink can or tin cans to become a cookware pans set or a chocolate wrapper.

It's not magic, it's called recycling.

A drink can or the foil pouch in which is sold tinned food can be turned into a bag of potatoes, the wrapper that covers a chocolate bar or some frying pans. The applications are multiple, but the requirement is unique and irreplaceable: deposit this waste in the yellow container for its correct treatment, so that it becomes raw material. In this way what is already used can be used over and over again. Recycling is thereby a practice within everyone's reach and increasingly widespread, as an example of a circular economy.

Some of the materials with which the cans are made are recyclable almost unlimitedly. Aluminum is one of them. It is melted as many times as necessary and the properties remain unchanged. The beverage producers themselves have measured the circularity of this compound: a citizen places an empty can in the yellow container. The waste is classified and separated in a recycling plant. It is melted in an oven and in 60 days there is another container of soft drinks or beer ready in the supermarket, made with that material and of the same quality.

When it comes to recycling it, it must be taken into account that almost everything that is manufactured with aluminum incorporates, either separately or in the form of an alloy, some additional metal that improves its properties so that the product is more ductile or resistant or durable. It depends on the requirements of each industry. This explains why the manufacture of a certain aluminum object is easier if it is made from another equal type of aluminium to it. The key is to separate the different types of waste in such a way that their conversion into raw material is less expensive.

This model is not, however, exclusive. The versatility of this element of the Periodic Table is proven. The Italian company Moneta Recy [1]manufactures aluminIum pans and pots from recycled beverage cans. Its website provides information. The classic egg saucepan requires 37 cans. A frying pan to sauté vegetables, 24. And it goes in the same way with the rest of the pieces that make up a kitchenware. Alcampo,[2]through its brand indicated by Actuel, has created a line of pans also made with recycled cans. Many other companies that produce objects with recycled aluminum obtain it from cans or containers or other waste deposited in the yellow container, but they either do not know it because they cannot measure its traceability, or they do not communicate it.

A correct classification

90% of beverage cans in Spain and Portugal are made from aluminum and the remaining 10% from steel. In the last case the few companies that still use this heavy material are expected to amortize the old machinery and afterwards change their production chain into aluminum based products so that the 100% will be reached. In all circumstances? the lid of these cans, in all cases, is made of aluminum. When these containers arrive at the recycling plant, an electromagnet separates the two wastes. From there, separate bales (lumps of metal) are formed, ready to be reintroduced into the value chain. Between 45% and 55% of the aluminum used to manufacture these cans in Europe is recycled, according to Juan Ramón Meléndez, director of Latas de Bebidas (Beverage cans)[3], the association that brings together the six major Spanish manufacturers of this product.

The resulting steel keeps its value. After proper recycling, sheet metal for automobiles and other means of transport, metal parts for household appliances or beams and rails for the railroad can be manufactured. Once again, it is essential that the citizen deposit this waste in the yellow container[4] and that the different materials are classified in the separation plant.

Innovation in the separation of aluminum waste

To produce other elements with recycled aluminum such as windows, wheels or the casing of a laptop, it is best to use the waste of those same objects. The manufacturer Hydro Building System, owner of the Technal[5] brand of windows and other aluminum enclosures, uses a very advanced separation technique that allows them to discard waste that does not have the corresponding alloy or that is not aluminum, such as screws or plastic elements that serve as thermal insulation. They use scrap from old windows removed in a building renovation or demolition. Its new construction elements are manufactured with at least 75% post-consumer waste, that is, objects that have already had a previous use (windows), not metal shavings nor waste coming from cutting a large ingot in a metallurgy.

Ángel Ripoll, Marketing Director at Hydro Building System Spain[6], sums it up like this: "The goal is that people go less and less to the physical mine and more to the urban mine." He's referring to scrap yards or to the demolition companies themselves that market those old perks. And he adds: “Aluminum can be infinitely recycled without losing properties; it is never a residue ”. According to Ripoll, the aluminum industry uses 40% recycled metal to make computers, car engines, windows or packaging. This figure does not distinguish whether it is post-consumer (an old window) or pre-consumer (the loss when handling primary aluminum in a metallurgy).

Jon de Olabarria, general secretary of the Asociación Española del Aluminio y Tratamientos de Superficie (Spanish Association of Aluminum and Surface Treatments (AEA)[7], reinforces Ripoll's argument: “The use of aluminum is just over 100 years old. But humanity has always been recycling metals; for example, copper from the Neolithic Age. It is easier to melt copper than to go to the mine to look for more ”. The savings in polluting emissions if raw materials are obtained from used beverage cans or old windows is clear: the three experts consulted assure that the energy used is 5% compared to that necessary to obtain primary aluminum, which comes from alumina and this, in turn, from bauxite. Ripoll offers a technical explanation. “To separate primary aluminum from oxygen by electrolysis, temperatures of 950 degrees Celsius are required. To melt it and recycle it, 650 degrees are enough ”. This explains a good part of the difference in energy used in the process. The next step to be taken should be that the energy, no matter how small, is produced by renewable sources.

Source

M.A., El envaso eterno existe, in: El País, 30-09-2021, https://elpais.com/sociedad/ecoembes-espacio-eco/2021-09-30/el-envase-eterno-existe.html

[1] https://www.moneta.it/it/recy [2] https://www.alcampo.es/compra-online/ [3] https://www.latasdebebidas.org/ [4] In Spain metals are to be deposited in a yellow container. In Belgium in a blue bag. [5] https://www.technal.com/en/tme/the-brand/the-strength-of-a-group/ [6] https://www.hydro.com/es-ES/acerca-de-hydro/hydro-worldwide/europe/espana/ [7] https://www.asoc-aluminio.es/

[advancehydrautech]

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[sparkylurkdragon]

The Big Sort: An Insider's Tour of a Recycling Plant by SciFri

[composition-whereas-termites-dk]

Effective Waste Provost with Mrf

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[earaercircular]

Between emergency and ecology, how to recycle the mountain of waste formed by the floods?

Picture: Buffer zone at A601

For the city of Liège alone, a quick calculation shows the extent of the waste to be removed. According to Gilles Foret, alderman in charge of Waste treatment & Cleanliness, it takes between 5 and 10 cubic meters to evacuate in no less than 6,000 homes. A real challenge for communities.

The urgency of waste disposal

The main objective is to clear the roads. Maxime Degey, alderman at the City of Verviers, testifies: “We still do not know how to access certain streets, even on foot. The urgency is to get people out. We must absolutely avoid adding drama to the drama. ” In addition, the mounds of rubbish mixed with muddy alluvium “threaten to create a sanitation problem”.

But the emergency of the evacuation is hampering public infrastructure. For Intradel, the intermunicipal agency in charge of waste management in Liège[1], the disaster plan is completely out of date. “More than twenty municipalities managed by the intermunicipal agency are affected by an ultra-exceptional event,” explains Jean-Jacques de Paoli, spokesperson for the intermunicipal agency.

In this exceptional situation, it was necessary to take exceptional measures. In recycling parks, the quota of 2 cubic meters of daily removable waste per citizen has been abrogated for a period of two weeks.

The priority being the fastest disposal of waste, the containers used in the sorting centers, however, quickly reached saturation point. A few trucks even had to dispose their loads into landfills

Buffer zones for waste

In order to reconcile the urgency of clearing with a concern for recycling, buffer zones have been established to temporarily store waste while awaiting sorting. Maxime Degey testifies: "Faced with the congestion of waste, we had to deploy temporary open dumps, such as schoolyards, as close as possible to the disaster areas." In Liège, an abandoned motorway junction (the A601[2]) was requisitioned.

Ecological concerns are not to be outdone despite the urgency of the situation. The objective of these "buffer" pouring zones is to allow waste to be stored until the sorting centers are no longer at saturation point. A first sorting is carried out on the streets: the public security orders in fact to extract the gas cylinders as well as the dangerous products from all these dismal piles.

Approved centers for cars

As for the cars stranded after their ballet in the midst of the force of the elements, they will be evacuated by private companies. Catherine Lenaerts, director of the organization of the management of end-of-life vehicles (Febelauto)[3], insists on the importance of depositing carcasses in one of the 120 centers approved by the Walloon Region.

The vehicles can be “depolluted, emptied of their toxic fluids” but above all “more than 97% recycled”. While the electronic parts of vehicles are unrecoverable, this is not the case with plastics and other metal parts. Unlike waste sorting centers, "there is no saturation in approved centers". Ms. Lenaerts recalls that it is important to drop off destroyed vehicles at one of these centers. And this with a view to adding an important ecological dimension to the collective effort.

Source

Alexandre Jadin, Entre urgence et écologie, comment recycler la montagne de déchets formée par les eaux ?, in: La Libre Belgique, 20 – 21-7-2021 https://ipm-llb-production-cdn.twipecloud.net/processing/pages/normalized/ipm/llb/PAGE-830007.pdf?v=20210720014800&Expires=1626769262&Signature=AGsFl3qh8peAMdQOdHl76U61VVmV2UNWOhLXvDx8WWcKT-cx9pouMWipHB6Xb~T6I2-izF9uRD7hR1eI0RfChHvfH9jMH4jDCOz2ICTjpcGvrHFxkti0NdCpwPHB4ZLcHzuusdoO33pdlKj~9e9e7uazLQFJX8uJK-Fh2aYvjTU_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJZKKWCWU2JPGEHQQ

[1] https://www.intradel.be/qui-sommes-nous.htm?lng=fr Intradel is an inter-municipal association which today brings together 72 municipalities in the Province of Liège. It provides the municipalities that make it up with a full service for the management of household and similar waste: prevention, reuse, collection, sorting, recycling, recovery and disposal, all in compliance with European, Belgian and regional legislation. Intradel is a member of COPIDEC, the Permanent Conference of Walloon Inter-municipal Waste Management. [2] The Belgian motorway A601 is a motorway of only 5 kilometers long, north of Liège, which has been in disuse since 2014. [3] https://www.febelauto.be/fr/rentrer-un-vehicule As a management body for end-of-life vehicles, Febelauto stimulates and coordinates the collection, treatment and recycling of wrecked vehicles. A mission that we strive to carry out by ensuring in particular the ecological treatment of wrecks by approved centers and crushing facilities.

[earaercircular]

CEO PreZero Netherlands (formerly SUEZ) to implement circular strategy faster

Now that the German PreZero is taking over the Dutch branch of SUEZ, the company can become circular even faster. That says CEO Wieger Droogh in an interview with Change Inc. However, the Rotterdam sorting installation must be sold after the takeover, because of a judgment by the European Commission.

After months of radio silence, Wieger Droogh, formerly CEO of SUEZ Netherlands and now the boss at PreZero Netherlands, can finally tell his story. “We have found a shareholder in PreZero that fits in very well with our own ideas,” he says in a video call. “They are a waste collector and processor, but, within the Schwarz Group, they also have production plants where they make new packaging that is sold within the retail companies of Schwarz. Together with them we can really give substance to circularity. I think we can learn a lot from each other.”

Suez and Veolia takeover battle

PreZero is part of the German family business Schwarz Gruppe (turnover: 120 billion euros)[1], owner of supermarket chains Lidl and Kaufland. A few months ago, the group presented itself to acquire parts of SUEZ, including the activities in the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and Poland. The fact that SUEZ Netherlands remained unaffected in the mega merger between the French SUEZ and Veolia was 'a confluence of circumstances', says Droogh.

SUEZ Netherlands and the three other countries were on the sales list of the French office to generate money for new investments in, for example, Asia. Soon after, the French waste giant Veolia showed up with a 'hostile bid' for the SUEZ group. “Because we were already on the list of assets that would be sold, we had little to do with this takeover battle,” says Droogh. “I am happy that we can continue with PreZero in the Netherlands, but regret that the emotions surrounding the merger with Veolia have run so high. And somehow it's a shame that, except for a small split, the SUEZ group has in fact ceased to exist and continues as Veolia.”

From French to German property

Droogh, who started at SUEZ Netherlands in 2008, says that he has always worked well with the head office in France. “It's nice when a company has so much knowledge in its hands. They have given us a lot of freedom in the Netherlands to tackle developments independently. In recent years, however, we noticed that we were not always able to pick up plans because the priorities were elsewhere.”

That is different with the new German shareholder, Droogh expects. “PreZero is an internationally oriented company. We currently operate in nine countries and have plans to expand further. We want to collaborate across borders.”Droogh also suspects that this is one of the reasons that PreZero's eye has fallen on the Netherlands. “We are an established name in the Netherlands with a progressive strategy. In addition, we have in-house knowledge – such as in the field of hazardous waste – that PreZero can learn from internationally."

Sale factory Rotterdam

By acquiring the Dutch branch of SUEZ, the European Commission is forcing PreZero to sell the sorting installation in Rotterdam. PreZero already has a sorting factory in Zwolle, and the acquisition in Rotterdam would make it too powerful. Very unfortunate, says Droogh, but necessary under European legislation. The employees in Rotterdam will continue under a different shareholder. Who that will be is still unclear.

“Everyone else stays on board. And we are going to need everyone very badly,” says Droogh. The head office in Arnhem will also remain in the same place and Droogh has not received any signals that anything in its management is changing.

Change in the Dutch waste market

In particular, Droogh hopes that the collaboration with PreZero will ensure that more value chains can be closed. “Because the lines with Lidl are short, we can really contribute to the circularity of packaging there.” Droogh would also like to see PreZero Netherlands attract more partners in the waste processing industry to process specialist flows. “In the past, a waste processor accepted as many flows as possible. We now know that it is more important to focus on waste streams that you are good at. There is a lot of knowledge in young companies, but also in the competition. Instead of copying what they do, I would like to collaborate even more with other parties.”

What does the consumer notice?

And will the consumer notice anything of this transition, except that the logos on the trucks will be replaced? “I hope that we can increasingly show visible examples of sustainability and circularity. That the packaging in Lidl – but also in other supermarkets – is recycled after use and returned as packaging. The PET water bottles are already collected by us and recycled into new water bottles. But we will also soon be making packaging from collected cardboard and paper that will end up on the shelves again. We can now even better coordinate the links in the value chain, which is worth its weight in gold. The circular economy needs more showcases.”

Source

Teun Schröder: CEO PreZero Nederland (voorheen SUEZ) Wieger Droogh gaat circulaire strategie sneller uitvoeren, in ChangeInc, 11 juni 2021, https://www.change.inc/circulaire-economie/ceo-prezero-nederland-wieger-droogh-circulaire-strategie-36521

[1] Startseite | Schwarz Gruppe (schwarz-gruppe.net)

[earaercircular]

A recycled product cannot be dirtier and more expensive

Waste processor Indaver has evolved from a rudimentary waste processor to a central player in the European circular economy. The company converts waste into raw materials, which it sends to customers on an industrial scale.

There is a gold mine in Belgium where 25 kilograms of the precious metal is mined annually. The mine is not located near a stream in the forests of the Ardennes, but right in the Antwerp Waasland harbour. Waste processor Indaver has an incineration plant there where the company annually extracts 25 kg of gold and 400 kg of silver from 246,000 tons of waste, in addition to many other recyclable residual products.

Indaver, founded to process the waste of the Antwerp port companies, is increasingly establishing itself as a key player in the circular economy. "Our job was simple, we arrived at the end of the waste chain and only had to make sure that the air from the incinerators or the water coming from the processing was clean. Now we are an essential part of the entire product chain. We want to find a useful application from every joule (unit for energy, ed.) contained in waste," says Paul De Bruycker, CEO of Indaver.

Indaver has three sites around Antwerp, each of which fits into the circular economy in its own way. Indaver does not collect waste, but primarily processes the residual and PMD waste from the local authorities’ waste collectors, usually intermunicipal companies. The large incinerators on the Doel site are used for residual waste that cannot be processed or recycled. "Even a circular economy contains a residual fraction that cannot be processed. The essence is to convert the heat that is releases during combustion into energy and distribute that heat. Recently, steam has been running from the Indaver ovens to the surrounding chemical companies, good for the equivalent of 160 MW and 5 km of pipes." In their own words: this is the largest steam network in Europe.

"This reduces CO2 emissions at our neighbouring companies by 100,000 tons because they do not have to make their steam with natural gas. Our company became thereby a key player in a completely different model, in which we not only process waste but also have to constantly supply steam at a certain temperature and pressure to the surrounding companies," says De Bruycker. He quotes a few more figures: "When a ton of residual waste is incinerated, 850 kg of CO2 is released. Of that residual waste, 55% is biogenic, such as paper or kitchen waste, which is therefore CO2 neutral. The rest are mainly plastics, but that share is declining. Finally, we have installations to extract all useful and reusable metals from the ashes. "

Industrial symbiosis

On the other side of the river Scheldt, Indaver is developing technology at the sites in Willebroek and Antwerp to process plastic collected in PMD bags, among other things. The purest plastic can already be processed into granules via mechanical recycling and reused for an equivalent plastic product. A new installation is being built in Willebroek that, thanks to better sensors, can sort the plastic more finely, making recycling easier. For difficult or contaminated plastics, the company tries to use the 'plastic to chemicals' process to crack the plastic down to the basic components in order to remove the impurities and purify the molecules. The residual product is immediately a raw material for the chemical industry in the port, which means that it requires much less oil as a raw material. "We are not the only ones developing a" plastic to chemicals” process, but I think we have come a long way compared to colleagues. Partly thanks to the enormous know-how about chemical products that is present in our universities and region, " De Bruycker makes clear.

Indaver therefore plays a key role in making the economically important Antwerp chemical cluster more sustainable. Other companies will literally hang on to Indaver. Yet this industrial symbiosis also leads to new risks. "We are building an installation in Dunkirk to extract hydrochloric acid from industrial chlorinated waste. In addition to our site, we had an important customer who started to use the hydrochloric acid as a raw material. But it went bankrupt two weeks ago. So we have to look for new customers that we cannot serve through a pipeline. "

The Belgian waste processor is increasingly developing into a European player. Indaver has 16 large installations in 9 countries. The turnover amounts to just under 600 million euros. Twenty percent of that turnover already comes from the sale of raw materials that the company has recovered from waste. Indaver was partly government-owned, but is now fully owned by Katoennatie, a international logistics company. "For the first time I have a shareholder who fully supports our international growth strategy," says De Bruycker, indicating between the lines that Indaver can reinvest a large part of the profit. Whether there are synergies with Katoennatie? "Not yet. But in a circular economy one can imagine that a logistics player like Katoennatie will not only supply products, but will also be responsible for collection or reuse. This is called reversed logistics."

As CEO of Indaver, De Bruycker is one of the standard bearers of the circular economy in Flanders. He also has a clear vision. "A circular economy that largely runs on subsidies makes no sense. It has to provide added value. As a sector, we must strive to ensure that the raw materials that we bring back into the production chain do not distinguish themselves from a primary raw material. As a circular player, you are not allowed to go to a customer with the message that your recycled product is a bit dirtier and more expensive, which some colleagues do. Just look at a newspaper like De Standaard. It is 100% printed on recycled paper. One can hardly distinguish that paper from paper made from wood pulp. That is the direction we are heading as a sector."

It is remarkable that De Bruycker is in favour of strict environmental legislation, even stricter than in neighbouring countries, as long as it encourages innovation and does not lead to too much unnecessary administrative burden.

Source

Stijn Decock, ‘Een gerecycleerd product mag niet vuiler en duurder zijn’, in: De Standaard, 11-08-2020 https://www.standaard.be/cnt/dmf20200810_97541498?