#usewear

[dekastelein]

I have one HUGE pet peeve about archaeological literature. Why does every person studying flint or obsidian call them 'stone tools' in literature. Stone tools includes more than cutting/scraping tools you doofus! Give my pounding, polishing, grinding, pecking, abrading, softening, etc. etc. ground stones love TOO! I refuse to have my rocks be second-class artifacts because they deserve better. I want to not have to download a wholeass paper about stone tool use in the Neolithic of Lower Saxony and THEN discover that it's JUST THE FLINT. Just because ground stone tools/macrolithic tools/ground stones are maybe not entirely picture-perfect does not mean that they deserve to be ignored in favor of sleek flint tools.

[uwlmvac]

University of Wisconsin-La Crosse Archaeology major Louden Ferguson discusses stone drills and describes usewear and microwear analyses he conducted to learn about how these perforating tools were used.

[thaylepo]

Hi!

I have a university degree in archaeology (major focus in Near Eastern lithic and material technology, North American Plains archaeology and anthropology, lithic usewear analysis, zoo-osteology, ethnopalaeobotany and microscopic plant residue analysis). I pursued grad school for several years, but ultimately couldn't carve a stable future out of it. Now I am in school again learning to make beer in the microbrewing craft industry, and I teach myself shit like how to dropspin and nålbind and tablet weave, and deep dive into research about Bronze Age material production and the Indo-European language split and Proto-Indo-European linguistic reconstruction.

I love art. I write fanfic. I also love that tumblr can keep me connected to all of these areas of interest at once and they cross over into each other constantly XDD

Calling all archaeoblurs!

If you're an archaeologist* and have a Tumblr, reblog this or sound off in the comments! I figured it's high time we put together a directory of sorts.

*for our purposes, archaeologist can mean someone who has or is working on a degree in archaeology, you don't necessarily have to be currently practicing. If you have a blog that is specifically archaeology focused, include that and what your specialty is!

[bharathjoseph]

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[thearchaeologiststeacup]

The prompt for #ArchInk day 4 was "patina", and I was inspired by the idea of bronze statues that are touched or handled so much that they get shiny - the perfect example of a kind of usewear that is visible to the naked eye. To illustrate this point, I attempted to depict the adorable story of the bronze state dedicated to Greyfriars Bobby in Edinburgh. . Bobby was a Skye terrier in the 19th century who belonged to a policeman called John Gray. When John Gray died, he was buried in the Greyfriars church yard, and Bobby would allegedly visit his master's grave every day. He soon became famous, to the extent that the Lord provost of Edinburgh paid for the Bobby's dog license and gave him a collar. Bobby guarded his master's grave for 14 years until he himself died in 1872 and was also buried inn the Greyfriars church yard. On hearing this story, Lady Burdett-Coutts commissioned a drinking fountain topped with a bronze statue of Bobby, which stands proudly to this day opposite the entrance to Greyfriars. . The cutest part of this story (although there are many cute parts) is that so many people pat the statue as they go past that bronze Bobby now has a very shiny nose. However, at some point this was getting too much and the council had to restore the nose because it was wearing away so much. So if you do happen to pass Bobby when you're next in Edinburgh and fancy giving him a pat, keep it very gentle! . Have you ever visited Bobby? . #GreyfriarsBobby #Edinburgh #Scotland #inktober #BronzeStatue #painting #inktober2022 #greyfriars #patina #usewear #painting #watercolours https://www.instagram.com/p/CjTc-tcrcHW/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[kingedmundsroyalmurder]

I am not hopeless at rocks! I mean, I am not *good* at rocks yet, but I got some of them right! Progress!

[mrmolite]

The Archaeology of College Hill (first day) - 11 September 2017

My first day teaching went really well! I’ve been having pre-teaching stress dreams where either only a few students show up or they all walk out halfway through. Not only did that not happen, but they seemed to really enjoy it. They laughed, they cried (not really), they asked questions at appropriate points.

The class meets Mondays for 2.5 hours, when we will be excavating and doing lab work, and Tuesdays for lecture/discussion section. Alex (wonderful friend/TA) and I decided that we would use the full 2.5 hours today, even though it was the first day and most people just go over their syllabus and then let people go. Instead, we gave a short introduction to our field site and then walked the class out there to check it out and do a brief field survey. We tried to mimic conventional pedestrian survey as much as possible: we laid a base line, spread the students out at even intervals, and had them walk parallel to one another, dropping pin flags whenever they found something of interest. Their finds included two sports balls, a surprising number of bottle caps, some plastic, and vegetation changes that allowed them to identify the outlines of last year’s trenches.

Despite the distracting presence of literally thousands of tiny flying insects, it was really successful. A few students even stayed late at the end to learn how to take GPS points on finds.

I can’t decide what my favourite part was: Was it all of the students giggling when Alex and I went off on an impromptu tangent about how emotionally attached archaeologists are to our trowels and how we get in fights about which brand is the best? Was it the fact that after showing them part of a slate roof tile that we found last year, fate had it that our lab building has very similar roof tiles, so I was able to point these out in situ, eliciting oohs and ahs? Or was it that when they had a few minutes break between the lecture and walking to site and I disappeared into the office, I came back out to them all still waiting and none having left?

I’m feeling really excited about this class intellectually and academically, and currently pretty validated emotionally. Now, to make my slideshow for tomorrow...

[penwarrior11]

If anyone ever asks if you want to do a project on usewear using porcelain blades (not likely since most of you guys aren’t archaeology-type lithics people)

Just

say

NO

[thearchaeologiststeacup]

Wayhey it's #TechnologyTuesday and although I'm definitely missing having access to the lab and thus the lovely microscopes, I can still do a lot of my analysis at home. . This mainly involves making a lot of spreadsheets with different information related to my usewear observations. That's why it was so important to take good quality microscopic photos of the objects during my original data collection visit. Combining these with my detailed notes from these data collection trips means that I can make an in depth analysis without having to look again at the original objects. . Today I'm looking at the needles - here you can see some lovely examples of traces: usewear striations from being pulled through whatever material they were sewing at the time, and handling traces from where the needles were held during use. . #usewear #microwear #microwearanalysis #archaeologist #archaeology #PhD #phdlife #needles #analysis #excel #work #workingfromhome #Arctic #homeoffice https://www.instagram.com/p/CApF-iDALlO/?igshid=1utf3spxf00rb

[thearchaeologiststeacup]

Day three of the @theprofessorisout instachallenge = #factfriday Did you know that not all of archaeology involves digging? Fact! I for example specialise in microwear analysis, which is the use low and high power microscopy to look at microscopic traces left on an archaeological object. 🔬This can be manufacturing traces (eg grinding traces, drilling traces etc) or use traces. I've been particularly focused on the latter recently because it's a new technique for me. You can see so many things!! For example, if you look at a bone needle at 100-1000x magnification you can see traces that not only tell you how the needle was used (eg in a straight pulling motion our a twisting motion) but also where it was held and for how long it was handled, and more interestingly what kind of material it was used to sew. At the moment, I'm looking into whether it possible to identify needles used to sew sealskin vs Caribou skin, based on the traces these two materials leave on the needles. This involves some experimental archaeology, which is the replication of past actions and objects in order to create a reference collection against which to compare the archaeological material. Swipe right to see some examples of experiments I'm doing (soapstone carving with different materials, and bone needle manufacture). Also included are some pictures of the microscopes I use in action. Watch this space for some results in the future! #theleveragedphd #microwear #experimentalarchaeology #usewear #phd #phdlife https://www.instagram.com/p/BxA04SBl3SP/?igshid=qrzx56gsna1z

[thearchaeologiststeacup]

Last day of work before Christmas! While I'm enjoying making this presentation about microwear traces (which as you will see if you swipe left includes tiny pockmarks which show that an artefact has been handled - very exciting!), I'm also spending far too much time admiring my new ring... It's so shiny and smooth! #phd #phdlife #microwear #usewear #archaeology #archaeologist #handmade #antler #handmadejewelry #handmadejewellery https://www.instagram.com/p/BrhymAdF-Y0/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=le8kvddiw0f4

[thearchaeologiststeacup]

This week has been full of all sorts of experiments! In terms of PhD research, I've been working on the final material for my sewing experiments: scraped sealskin. . You might remember my scraped caribou skin preparation - I only had to soak the skin for one day before it was ridiculously easy to scrape away the fur. With sealskin of course, it was bound to be different. They naturally live in the sea, so I knew that it would take more than one day of constant submersion before the fur could be separated from the skin. Actually, it only took one week which I thought was still remarkably short! I then used to same process of drying by stretching it out on a frame, and then I went on maternity leave and left it stored downstairs. . Now that I'm back to work, I need to use some bone and ivory needles to sew this fur-less sealskin. But first, I needed to soften skin so that the needles would actually go through. The easiest way to do this was twisting and rubbing and scrunching. You can see the transition from hard raw hide to softened skin by holding it up to the light. The rawhide sections are almost translucent, whereas once it's softened you can no longer see light shine through it. . The aim behind these sewing experiments is to see whether there is any difference between the microscopic usewear traces left on the needles when used on different skin types. Eg, scraped sealskin vs scraped caribou skin (aka maritime vs terrestrial) or scraped sealskin vs fur-covered sealskin. I'm nearly done with these experiments, so early next week I'll be in Leiden to do my final session of analysis and then it's comparison time with the archaeological needles! (For more info on these experiments, check out my previous posts linked in my story) . What's your hypothesis? Do you think I'll see a difference in usewear traces between different skin types? . #phd #phdlife #experimentalarchaeology #archaeology #archaeologist #archaeologylife #leather #leatherwork #sewing #boneneedles #needles #experiments #academicsofinstagram #theleveragedphd #workingfromhome https://www.instagram.com/p/CWNlrZQK98D/?utm_medium=tumblr

[thearchaeologiststeacup]

Paper two of my PhD is now out in hard copy!This second project looked in detail at the microscopic traces of use observed on bone and antler harpoon heads. It was published in the online @exarc.1 (society of experimental archeology) journal in full earlier this year, and was chosen to have an abridged version published in the annual paper version. . The aim of this project followed on from the results of my first paper (more details on that in a previous post). While doing my microwear analysis, I noticed that the archeological Tuniit harpoon heads (c. 800BC-1300AD) had little to no traces of use. This contrasted with my analysis of the needles, which showed amazing usewear traces (and will consequently be the subject of my biggest and fourth paper). I therefore decided to conduct some experiments to determine exactly how much usewear is created when using harpoon heads. . In order to do this, I created replica harpoon heads with the help of my co-author - prehistoric technology expert Diederik Pomstra - and used them to harpoon a seal carcass. (The seal was sourced from an animal that had died of natural causes at a sanctuary in the northern Netherlands, and also donated the bones that I used to create the replica harpoon heads). I then analysed these replica harpoon heads to see what kind of usewear had been created by my actions, and indeed the results showed that very little to no traces of use had been formed. This then correlates with my observations of the archaeological collection. . For full details of my methods and analysis, check out the open access article on the EXARC website. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them here! . #Archaeology #archaeologist #PhD #phdlife #experimentalarchaeology #microwearanalysis #academicsofinstagram #archaeologylife #exarc #publication #scicomm #bone #antler #harpoonheads #tuniit #paleoinuit #phdarticle #journalarticle #theleveragedphd #openaccess https://www.instagram.com/p/CUcWSErKt9N/?utm_medium=tumblr

[thearchaeologiststeacup]

A bit of a cheat for this #WorkspaceWednesday part because it was actually yesterday afternoon, but here’s a bit of an insight into the sewing workshops that I’m currently running to create data for my PhD project. . One of the biggest parts of my PhD project is to investigate the sewing and needleworking practices of Dorset groups (c. 800BC-1300AD) in the Canadian Arctic. In this culture, they were using needles made from bone, ivory, and antler, and (based on evidence from faunal remains) sewing skins from caribou, seal, and fox. In order to identify details of needle use in the past, I first need to make a reference collection of needles that have been used on the same materials that would have been available to people in the past. . This is where my experimental archaeology sewing group comes in. The premise is very simple - I need to create the same kind of usewear that might have been made on archaeological pieces, and in order to do that I need to physically sew different animal skins using different types of needles. To help speed up this process, I recruited some students who are also interested in experimental archaeology. We have had a few sewing sessions so far, and are hoping to make them more regular. It’s a great experience, and I’m very excited to see what kind of data is being created. . I’m hoping to also run similar workshops with Inuit groups the next time I’m up in the Arctic. That was supposed to happen this summer, but thanks to coronavirus it had to be postponed... Hopefully it will happen soon! It would be fantastic to collaborate with very experienced Inuit seamstresses who are used to working with the same kind of animal skins (although usually with metal needles). . How practical is your work? Can you also incorporate some more physical experience into your projects? . #experimentalarchaeology #archaeology #archaeologist #PhD #phdlife #workspace #experiments #arctic #needles #sewing #needlework #needleworking #boneneedles #theleveragedphd https://www.instagram.com/p/CEWUpQKnMjd/?igshid=hqfsd2d467y0

[thearchaeologiststeacup]

Okay, time for another crafting project with a different subject, and this time I’m going to stick with my own design that I know works. The only problem was that I didn’t have enough thick leather, so I had to repurpose some that I had used to make a roll-up GO board. When I made the board, I had miscounted the bunker of squares so it was one row short 😅 so it was more decorative than functional anyway, and now it can be put to good use. . Recycling is a really interesting topic for those of us looking at objects from the past. In some cases it’s relatively easy to identify when an object was reused for a different purpose, for example a broken shard of decorated pottery that is then used as a scraper to smooth the walls of new pots. You can see the original decoration, the clear fracture marks, and a pattern of wear along one edge associated with scraping. For other materials it’s more difficult. Metal can be completely melted down again, bone can be re-ground (thus obliterating any previous usewear traces), and stone tools can be re-knapped. . Nevertheless, it is sometimes possible to see traces from a previous use. This can either be through identifying the fact that the new object was made from a fragment of an old one (like the pottery shard), or else by differentiation between old and new surfaces, based on the kind of usewear that you see. Even a knapped stone tool might have a clearly newer surface overlaying an older one, which implies that the tool was retouched at some point - either to improve the edge or create a new tool. So even though it’s difficult, it is still possible to identify when people in the past recycled their objects. . How often do you recycle when making new things? Do you have anything that is used for something it wasn’t originally intended to be? . #craft #crafting #recycle #recycling #upcycling #leather #leatherwork #leatherworking #sewing #newproject #handmade #sewingproject #homemade #taketwo https://www.instagram.com/p/CEBS0AOHLtb/?igshid=1rl62p2x2acti