#tiobraid árann

[hotcocoandmarshmallows]

If you're from multiple, pick your favorite. Or you can pick both if they're on separate polls, this isn't science. That's what I'm gonna do.

Part 1

[tonyplaysthemambo]

County Tipperary (Tiobraid Árann or Contae Thiobraid Árann), Ireland

[toinghaeilge]

Desmond, the Great Rebel

The Desmond Rebellions occurred in the late 1500s, led by the Earl of Desmond.  So, who’s Desmond, how did he lead two rebellions almost fifteen years apart, and what was his problem?

As it turns out, Desmond was an anglicisation of Deas-Mhumhain: South Munster. Thus, the Desmond rebellions refer not to a lone ruffian lord itching for a fight as most stories in history would go, but rather the South Munster rebellions.

The Kingdom of Desmond originated in 1118 following the Treaty of Glanmire, where the Kingdom of Munster was divided into the Kingdom of Desmond and the Kingdom of Thomond.

Thomond was, similarly, an anglicisation of Tuadh-Mhumhain: North Munster.

[peigslayers]

Spailpín Fánach

Anaithnid

Im Spailpín Fánach atáim le fada Ag seasadh ar mo shláinte, Ag siúl an drúchta go moch ar maidin 'S ag bailiú galair ráithe; Ach ghlacfad fees ó rí na gcroppies, Cléith is píc chun sáite ‘S go brách arís ní ghlaofar m’ainm Sa tír seo, an spailpín fánach.

Ba mhinic mo thriall go Cluain gheal Meala ‘S san go Tiobraid Árann; I gCarraig na Siúire thíos do ghearrainn Cúrsa leathan láidir; I gCallain go dlúth ‘s mo shúiste im ghlaic Ag dul chun tosaí ceard leo ‘S nuair a théim go Durlas ‘s é siúd bhíonn agam- ‘Sin chú’ibh an Spailpín Fánach!’

Go deo deo arís ní raghad go Caiseal Ag díol ná ag reic mo shláinte Ná ar mharagadh na saoire im shuí cois balla, Im scaoinse ar leataoibh sráide, Bodairí na tíre ag teacht ar a gcapaill Dá fhiafraí an bhfuilim hírálta; ‘Ó téanam chun siúil tá an cúrsa fada’ - Seo ar siúl an Spailpín Fánach.

[toingaeilge]

Cashel, Co. Tipperary

A wee bit of history and etymology surrounding Cashel in modern-day Tipperary comes in Geoffrey Keating’s (Irish Seathrún Céitinn) Foras Feasa ar Éirinn .

5th Century Structures and Names

From Keating’s prose (excerpt at end), we understand that the older name for the Rock of Cashel itself was Síothdhruim, or faerie ridge. In The Origin and History of Irish Names of Places, Joyce gives the spelling Sidh-Dhruim and anglicised Sheerim.

The name of the palace, Lios na Laochruidhe, built on the site under command of Corc, a prince of Munster, can be translated as Ring-Fort of the Warriors. Today, most of the structures there date from the 12th and 13th centuries, when the rock was given to the Church.

The Irish name of the Rock of Cashel remains Carraig Phádraig (Saint Patrick's Rock), given as Carriaic Patrick by Keating.

Disputes on the Origin of ‘Cashel’

Cashel itself, Keating writes, is from Caisiol, an amalgamation of cais—rent (modern day cíos) and iol—rock. ‘Rent’ here refers to revenues paid to the King (taxes).

Lebor na Cert also states that cais refers to ‘tribute’ (cíos), as Cais-il, or tribute stone, was so called because the Munster tribes paid tribute on the Rock.

A more straightforward theory would be that Cashel derives from Caiseal, which in turn comes from the Old Irish caisel: stone ringfort. Cashel in Galway was named as such for the same reason.

From Keating, Geoffrey, The general history of Ireland (1723) p. 12:

The Herdsmen surprised at so unusual a Sight, when they came to their Homes, related what they had seen; till at length the History reached the Court of Corc Son of Luighdheach King of Munster. This Prince from a Sense of Religion repaired immediately to Siothdhruim, afterwards called Cashel, and built there a most Stately Palace and called it Lios na Laochruidhe, which he made the Seat of his Residence; he received the Taxes and Revenues of his Kingdom upon Carriaic Patrick, that is Patrick’s Rock, but then called Caisiol, or Cios oil, for Cais signifies Rent, and oil in Irish is a Rock or Stone; and therefore the King of Munster receiving his Rents and Taxes upon the Stone, by joyning the Words Cais and oil, this Royal Palace came afterwards to be called Cashel.

If the two (yes, just two) run-on sentences hurt your brain too much, imagine how I felt reading the original scan in Old English script.

[ordersreality]

English/Irish place names.

Check out these English translations of Irish county names. Antrim / Aontroim Ulster – Established c. 1400, the name translates to “lone ridge” or “lone dwelling.” Armagh / Ard Mhacha Ulster – Established c. 1584, the name means “Macha’s height.” Macha was a Celtic goddess said to have given birth to twins after racing a horse. Carlow / Ceatharlach Leinster -- Established c. 1306, the name translates to “place of cattle.” Cavan / An Cabhán Ulster – Established in 1584, the name translates to “the hollow.” Clare / An Clár Munster – Established in 1565, the name translates to “plain.” The county may have been named after the Norman de Clare family. Before 1565, Clare was known as Thomond, which means “North Munster.” Cork / Corcaigh Munster – Established c. 1200, the name means “swamp” or "marsh." (But don’t tell anyone from Corcaigh.) Derry / Doire Ulster – Established in 1585, the name “Doire” means “oak wood.” Donegal / Dún na nGall Ulster – Established in 1584, it means “stronghold of the foreigners” (Vikings). It was also known by some as Tir Chonaill, which means “the land of Conall.” Down / An Dún Ulster – Established c. 1520, the name means “the fort.” Dublin / Áth Cliath / Dubhlinn Leinster -- Established in 1185, the “Áth Cliath” part means “hurdled fort” and the “Dubhlinn” part means black pool.” Fermanagh / Fear Manach Ulster -- Established in 1584, the name translates to “Men of Manach” or, more specifically, “men from the county of the lakes.” Galway / Gaillimh Connacht – Established in 1565, the county was named after the river Gaillimh, which means “stony.” Kerry / Ciarrai Munster – Established c. 1200, the name translates to “People of Ciar.” Break it down further, and you find that Ciar means “black” or “dark brown” and Raighe means “tribe.” Kildare / Cill Dara Leinster – Established 1297, it means “church of the oak.” Kilkenny / Cill Chainnigh Leinster – Established c. 1200, it means “church of Cainnech,” and was named in honor of St. Cainnech, who converted the county to Christianity in 597. Laois / Laois Leinster – Established in 1556, the name derives from Uí Laioghis, which means “people of Lugaid Laigne.” Lugaid was granted land in the area after driving invaders out of Munster. Hard to spell, but better than its original name, “Queen’s County,” which was in honor of “Bloody Mary” Tudor. Leitrim / Liatroim Connacht – Established in 1565, the name means “gray ridge.” Limerick / Luimneach Munster – Established c. 1200, the name means “bare spot.” The Viking name for the county was ���Hlymrekr” which meant “mighty noise.” Longford / An Longfort Leinster – Established in 1586, the name means “the port” or “the riverside fortification,” a reference to the Shannon River. Louth / Lú Leinster – Established c. 1200, the county is named after the Irish god Lugh (now spelled Lugh). Mayo / Maigh Eo Connacht – Established in 1565, the name means “plain of the yew.” Meath / An Mhí Leinster – Established in 1297, the name means “the middle.” It was once the home of the High Kings of Ireland. Monaghan / Muineachán Ulster – Established in 1585, the name has a few translations: “hilly land” or “bushy/hilly field.” Offaly / Uíbh Fhailí Leinster – Established in 1556, it was originally named after the Gaelic territory of Ui Failghe. In 1556, “Bloody Mary” Tudor named this area “King’s County” after her husband, Philip of Spain. The name was changed back to Offaly after the creation of the Irish Free State. Roscommon / Ros Comáin Connacht – Established c. 1292, the name means “Comán’s wood” and was named in honor of St. Comán, who founded the monastery of Roscommon in 550. Sligo / Sligeach Connacht – Established in 1565, the name means “shelly place,” a reference to the river’s abundant supply of shellfish. Tipperary / Tiobraid Árann Munster – Established in the 13th century, the name means “well of the Arra,” a reference to the river that runs through the county. Tyrone / Tir Eoghain Ulster – Established in 1585, the name means “Land of Eoghan.” It’s a tribute to Eogan mac Néill, who founded the Kingdom of Ailech, which is present-day Tyrone. Waterford / Port Láirge Munster – Established c. 1200, the name means “Larag’s port.” It was also known by the Norse term for “ram fjord.” Westmeath / An Iamhí Leinster – Established in 1543, the name means “the west middle.” Wexford / Loch Garman Leinster – Established c. 1200, the name comes from the Norse term for “fjord of the mud flats.” Wicklow / Cill Mhantáin Leinster – Established in 1607, the Irish name translates to “Church of the Mantan.” “Mantan” means “toothless one,” and refers to a saint whose teeth were knocked out by Irish pagans around the time of St. Patrick. The Norse name for this area meant “the meadow of the Vikings.” http://www.irishcentral.com/roots/what-do-irelands-county-names-mean-translations-of-the-irish-names-226474671-237781971?utm_campaign=Best+of+IrishCentral+-+2017-05-23&utm_medium=Email&utm_source=Mailjet

[kisarastrife]

Have to love being off for the Sunday game!

Hon Tipp!

[toinghaeilge]

Cashel, Co. Tipperary

A wee bit of history and etymology surrounding Cashel in modern-day Tipperary comes in Geoffrey Keating’s (Irish Seathrún Céitinn) Foras Feasa ar Éirinn .

5th Century Structures and Names

From Keating’s prose (excerpt at end), we understand that the older name for the Rock of Cashel itself was Síothdhruim, or faerie ridge. In The Origin and History of Irish Names of Places, Joyce gives the spelling Sidh-Dhruim and anglicised Sheerim.

The name of the palace, Lios na Laochruidhe, built on the site under command of Corc, a prince of Munster, can be translated as Ring-Fort of the Warriors. Today, most of the structures there date from the 12th and 13th centuries, when the rock was given to the Church.

The Irish name of the Rock of Cashel remains Carraig Phádraig (Saint Patrick's Rock), given as Carriaic Patrick by Keating.

Disputes on the Origin of ‘Cashel’

Cashel itself, Keating writes, is from Caisiol, an amalgamation of cais—rent (modern day cíos) and iol—rock. ‘Rent’ here refers to revenues paid to the King (taxes).

Lebor na Cert also states that cais refers to ‘tribute’ (cíos), as Cais-il, or tribute stone, was so called because the Munster tribes paid tribute on the Rock.

A more straightforward theory would be that Cashel derives from Caiseal, which in turn comes from the Old Irish caisel: stone ringfort. Cashel in Galway was named as such for the same reason.

From Keating, Geoffrey, The general history of Ireland (1723) p. 12:

The Herdsmen surprised at so unusual a Sight, when they came to their Homes, related what they had seen; till at length the History reached the Court of Corc Son of Luighdheach King of Munster. This Prince from a Sense of Religion repaired immediately to Siothdhruim, afterwards called Cashel, and built there a most Stately Palace and called it Lios na Laochruidhe, which he made the Seat of his Residence; he received the Taxes and Revenues of his Kingdom upon Carriaic Patrick, that is Patrick’s Rock, but then called Caisiol, or Cios oil, for Cais signifies Rent, and oil in Irish is a Rock or Stone; and therefore the King of Munster receiving his Rents and Taxes upon the Stone, by joyning the Words Cais and oil, this Royal Palace came afterwards to be called Cashel.

If the two (yes, just two) run-on sentences hurt your brain too much, imagine how I felt reading the original scan in Old English script.

[toingaeilge]

Desmond, the Great Rebel

The Desmond Rebellions occurred in the late 1500s, led by the Earl of Desmond.  So, who’s Desmond, how did he lead two rebellions almost fifteen years apart, and what was his problem?

As it turns out, Desmond was an anglicisation of Deas-Mhumhain: South Munster. Thus, the Desmond rebellions refer not to a lone ruffian lord itching for a fight as most stories in history would go, but rather the South Munster rebellions.

The Kingdom of Desmond originated in 1118 following the Treaty of Glanmire, where the Kingdom of Munster was divided into the Kingdom of Desmond and the Kingdom of Thomond.

Thomond was, similarly, an anglicisation of Tuadh-Mhumhain: North Munster.

[toinghaeilge]

Éire-tymology: Mumhain

Derived from the Goddess Muma.

An Chláir: level place *Formerly Tuamhain (Tuadhmhumhain): North Munster (Read: Desmond and Thomond) Corcaigh: from Corcach, meaning swamp or marsh Ciar Riacht: Ciar mac Fergus’ Kingdom Luimneach: bare patch of ground (or the Norse Hlymrekr, meaning mighty noise) Tiobraid Árann: well by the river Ára Vadrefjord: (Viking name) Ram ford *Port Láirge means Lárag’s Port

To read about Munster dialects, click here.

[toingaeilge]

Éire-tymology: Mumhain

Derived from the Goddess Muma.

An Chláir: level place *Formerly Tuamhain (Tuadhmhumhain): North Munster (Read: Desmond and Thomond) Corcaigh: from Corcach, meaning swamp or marsh Ciar Riacht: Ciar mac Fergus’ Kingdom Luimneach: bare patch of ground (or the Norse Hlymrekr, meaning mighty noise) Tiobraid Árann: well by the river Ára Vadrefjord: (Viking name) Ram ford *Port Láirge means Lárag’s Port

To read about Munster dialects, click here.