#task: great sioux nation

[chubby-dumpling-project]

Quannah Chasinghorse, born 2002, Hän Gwich’in, Sičangu/Oglala Lakota note: avatars for @taskweekly’s TASK 015:  INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF THE AMERICAS, TASK 057: GREAT SIOUX NATION, TASK 261: DENE PEOPLe

[whencyclopedia]

How the World Was Made: A Cherokee Creation Story

How the World Was Made is a creation story of the Cherokee nation, which, like many such tales of the Native peoples of North America, begins with a world covered by water from which dry land is formed and natural order created by beings of a higher realm. The story explains why things are the way they are.

Like the Lakota Sioux Creation Story and the Cheyenne Creation Story, among many others, How the World Was Made begins with a world of undifferentiated chaos out of which the animals of Galun lati (the higher realm) bring order. As the story unfolds, explanations are given for why there are valleys and mountains, why the crawfish is red in color and why the Cherokee will not eat it, why the sun moves across the sky as it does, how animals came to have certain characteristics, and why women can only give birth to one child a year.

The story was first translated into English by the American ethnographer James Mooney (l. 1861-1921) who lived with the Cherokee and recorded their lore and legends, compiled in his book Myths of the Cherokee (1900). The story may be hundreds or thousands of years old. There is no way to date the piece as it was passed down through oral tradition by Cherokee storytellers long before Mooney heard it told. As he writes, concerning the dating of such pieces:

As our grandmothers begin "Once upon a time," so the Cherokee storyteller introduces his narrative by saying, "This is what the old men told me when I was a boy." (232)

This being the case, the tale assumes a timeless quality in keeping with the Cherokee understanding of time as cyclical and unchanging. Events differ year to year according to human understanding but, to the universe, any given time is all time ever since the creation of the world.

Cherokee Beliefs & Storytelling

The traditional Cherokee understanding of the physical world, at the time Mooney came in contact with them, was that it was a middle land between a higher realm of benevolent spirits and the great Creator, Unetlanvhi, and a lower world of dark spirits who brought disease, disorder, and death. Humans, in this middle world, were tasked by the Creator with maintaining balance between worlds, in their own lives, in the life of the community, and between humans and the natural world generally. Humans were not seen as superior in any way to the earth, plants, and animals but were understood as stewards who were to maintain created order.

The stories of the Cherokee consistently express this view, not only by explaining why things are as they are but also by emphasizing one's role in caring for the world. In How the World Was Made, this is only hinted at in the last paragraph where the people are depicted as reproducing too quickly. A new child is born every seven days, and the people lack restraint, so the beings of the higher realm place restraints upon them, decreeing that women will only be able to give birth once a year.

This decision was made to maintain order and people were then expected to recognize and maintain said order throughout their lives. Other Cherokee origin tales also touch upon the peoples' responsibility to a given place while, at the same time, explaining why a stream or river runs as it does or a certain rock formation has its distinct features. Mooney writes:

As with other tribes and countries, almost every prominent rock and mountain, every deep bend in the river, in the old Cherokee country has its accompanying legend. It may be a little story that can be told in a paragraph, to account for some natural feature, or it may be one chapter of a myth that has its sequel in a mountain a hundred miles away. As is usual when a people have lived for a long time in the same country, nearly every important myth is localized, thus assuming more definite character. (231)

In the case of How the World Was Made, this "definite character" is global. The entire world is as interconnected as the aspects of one's own land, and what one does with that land affects other places miles and miles away. In the same way, as the animals work together in the creation of this world (inspired or guided silently by Unetlanvhi), so should people work together in maintaining it. Balance was – and still is – a central value of the Cherokee nation and so became, in fact, one's purpose in life: personal balance reflected in communal and, by extension, global balance.

This concept is clearly explored in the Cherokee tale The Origin of Medicine where humans are depicted as having lost balance. The people in the story have forgotten what is due to the natural world and its non-human inhabitants, and so the animals decide to destroy them. The plants, however, side with the humans, providing them with the "medicine" to cure the ills the animals have chosen to unleash. The story, then, explains how medicine came to be and why but also highlights the importance of remembering one's relationship with the natural world and one's obligation to care for it. How the World Was Made provides a model of cooperation among the animals – as well as their failings – to encourage proper understanding of and interaction with all of nature, whether in one's own community or elsewhere.

This same theme is famously dealt with in the story The Origin of Game and Corn in which the two young boys serve as balance to the two parents. According to some scholars, the concept of balance is also at the heart of the game chunkey, played by the Cherokee, Pawnee, Lakota Sioux, Chickasaw, and many others. The two teams in chunkey can represent opposing spiritual forces, and balance is maintained by their respective wins and losses.

Continue reading...

[rotanawrites]

Click the source link to find a downloadable gif pack of #15 gifs of singer Lakota John / Lakota John Locklear / John Lakota Locklear (1997). He is Lumbee / Oglala Lakota Sioux so cast him respectfully.

These gifs are part of Native Month 2022, where I’ll be releasing packs of Native fcs from Nov. 1st-30th. This project was inspired by @olivaraofrph​. You can find all the packs by searching /tagged/native2022 on my blog.

If you find these useful, consider buying me a coffee here, but these are available regardless.

These fit @tasksweekly​ tasks:  #015: Indigenous Peoples of The Americas, #170: Lumbee, #057: The Great Sioux Nation

[tasksweekly]

Hey folks! As of recent events Natalie is no longer involved with this blog and I've found a new admin, until we get things up and running again the new unofficial task will be to focus on providing the community with Indigenous resources! I've made a masterlist of resources that were lost HERE and of course there are several tasks dedicated to Indigenous people under the cut:

PLEASE NOTE THAT THE OLDER ONES NEED UPDATING!

#053: The Iroquois Confederacy

#054: The Anishinaabe

#055: The Navajo

056: The Iron Confederacy

#057: Great Sioux Nation

#064: Apache

#065: Inuit

#066: The Blackfoot Confederacy

#067: Seminole

#068: Metis

#072: Choctaw

#086: Māori

#094: Tonga

#103: Tahiti

#106: Chickasaw

#117: The Wabanaki Confederacy

#118: Shoshone

#119: Hopi

#120: O'odham

#121: The Powhatan Confederacy

127: Imazighen

#128: Hmong

#156: Indigenous Peoples of Taiwan

#169: Comanche

#170: Lumbee

#171: Cheyenne

#172: Nez Perce

#173: Yaqui

#211: Arapaho

#212: Crow

#213: Yupik

#214: Paiute

#260: Quechua

#261: Dene Peoples

#262: Taino

#263: Lenape

#274: Indigenous Peoples of the Philippines

#291: Mixed Indigenous American and Asian

#292: Mixed Pacific Islander and Asian

#293: Mixed Indigenous American and Black

#300: Alaskan Athabaskan Peoples

#301: Maya Peoples

#302: Interior Salish Peoples

#308: Kamilaroi People

#314: Two-Spirit Faceclaims

#315: Wiradjuri

[treasurypreserve]

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[diminuel]

Reading List: April

I missed archiving fics I read in March, but I’m back for April. Some of the fics I might have read in March. I’m still not very good at keeping track of what I read when! But the important part is that you get some fics to read! ;D

I’ve added the archive warnings in the brackets in case there were any, but didn’t include the tags. So make sure to read them.

Enjoy! ♥

bring it on home by xylodemon (2.4k)

"She ─" Sam grimaces again. "She likes tea, right?"

Dean hesitates. He pictures their old kitchen in Lawrence ─ the floral wallpaper, the walnut cabinets, the pots and pans hanging on hooks. Sheer, white curtains had hung in the windows, and Mary had left them open because she'd liked plenty of sunlight. It had smelled like coffee in the mornings. Dean had always lined his army men up on the table before eating his Cheerios.

"I don't know," he admits. "She ─ maybe."

Soft and gentle, but also slightly melancholy coda fic for 12x02

The One: Supernatural Edition by motorbike_on_the_avenue (73k)

The One is America's #1 dating show!

Twenty contestants will spend six weeks competing in tasks, to show the American public they should be picked to marry the suitor. Over the six weeks, they'll be voted down till just The One remains...

Dean Winchester is this year's suitor. A 34 year old firefighter from Kansas he isn't entirely sure why he applied to a dating show where he has to get married at the end.

Especially since he'll never have met (or seen) anything about his future lawfully wedded whatever.

But just who will be voted The One?

This is such an enjoyable fic! Dean and Cas don’t even meet each other until the very end, but the premise is so captivating and I constantly was nervous and rooting for my faves *lol*

Kitchen Overhaul by Powerfulweak (Explicit, 20k)

For Dean Winchester, his family’s bakery is his life, even if business is tanking. When his brother volunteers them for the reality show “Kitchen Overhaul”, Dean is less than enthusiastic with changing anything about his beloved bakery. He is even less enthusiastic to deal with the infamously icy host, Chef Castiel Novak.

Just like the previous fic on the list, this fic also has a TV show format as the premise of its story, but it’s more in the background. I loved this a lot! I got frustrated because of Dean, then because of Cas, but it’s all very rewarding!

Peak Homosexual by K_K_TiBal (3.7k)

You know that thing that happens where you hear something really homophobic in public so you gay it up as much as you can? This is that story.

Cute, pretend relationship fic! ♥

Neighborly Behavior by Annie D (scaramouche) (1.8k)

Cas and Dean at a neighborhood potluck, in an AU where they're both kinda assholes.

It’s hilarious and always good for a re-read!

Dean's Table by through_shadows_falling (4.9k)

On Castiel’s first day waiting tables at the Roadhouse Diner, his co-worker tells him to save a spot for Dean, a young veteran with a cane who sits in the same corner booth every day. Dean doesn’t talk, but Castiel’s charm soon works its magic until Dean reveals that he’s there to reconnect with his brother after a painful falling out. Castiel hopes Dean will succeed, even as Castiel's roommate, Sam, visits the diner one morning.

Lovely story about Cas easing Dean out of his lonely shell. And it also includes a happy reunion.

The Glen by Annie D (scaramouche) (3.2k, Explicit)

Dean's run out of excuses to not claim Cas, so he finally does. Better late than never, right?

This is actually set after a previous story, which focuses on Sam and Kevin. It might be slightly confusing without the previous part but I think still an interesting read, especially with the following part!

The Shop on the Corner by CasCase (18.6k, Mature)

Two years ago Castiel left behind his job and his past to fulfill his dream of opening a neighborhood bookshop. Now, his shop is popular and he’s finding himself fitting in with his new community. He’s perfectly happy with his quiet life among the books.

Perhaps the only thing that could make it absolutely perfect would be the attentions of Dean-the-Delivery-Guy. But, of course that means Castiel will have to work beyond his own insecurities to find a way to see the gorgeous man more than once a week.

Maybe he should stick to the books after all.

This was fun and lovely and even though there’s a bit of angst and pining involved, Dean’s gentle patience were lovely!

In Someone Else's Life by blue_morning (4.5k)

Cas never believed in love at first sight, but when he accidentally crashes a wedding trying to keep his brother out of trouble, it happens to him. Happy ending, right? Yeah, except that the man he falls for just happens to be the groom.

Light-hearted misunderstandings (mostly Gabriel’s fault) and an absolutely hilarious ending!

The Return Policy by aileenrose (12.9k, Explicit)

"Most of his visitors are academics. They come from universities all over the nation, sometimes beyond. Others write books. The man in the Reading Room today is neither. He’s a tall, irritated man with a federal badge."

The federal agent's partner is usually the one who does the research. And even though Cas doesn't think this man is a real federal agent, he's happy to help where he can.

A great read, close to canon, with lovely atmosphere!

Do You Need a Stepdad? by supernatural9917 (1.8k)

When Claire Novak tweets a picture of her dad cooking, she didn't expect to go viral, or for everyone to be quite so hot for her dad.

Based on a photo prompt: Teenager Claire posts a snarky tweet about her single dad Cas, and gets this response. She says ‘LOL no he’s gay’ so Dean tweets to ask if she needs a stepdad!

It might be short but it’s incredibly delightful! 

How to Keep Time by aileenrose (6.6k, Mature)

Dean's just beginning to learn that some times are more precious than others.

Very touching fic, featuring homeless Cas making beautiful things and Dean having to (re) learn what’s truly valuable.

The Neighboring Perspective by aileenrose (12.7k, Mature)

Dean's newly single, in a new house, and a brand-new father to boot.

Dean's also got this weird thing where some stranger is leaving baby clothes on his porch at night.

A very lovely fic with Cas breaking my heart with his softness and his sadness...! ;w;

Best You Ever Ate by darkforetold (1.7k, Explicit)

Cas sucks—under a table at Ma's Diner.

A PWP! :D

For Science by shiphitsthefan (6.1k, Explicit)

“Think of it like an experiment," says Dean. "You’re testing a hypothesis as to whether or not a desirable response can be achieved through the stimulation of the anus via the application of a willing volunteer’s muscular hydrostat.”

Cas raises an eyebrow. “Are you actually trying to use the scientific method to talk me into letting you lick my asshole?”

It might sound like a cracky PWP, but it’s not! It features ace!Cas and Dean figuring out their sexual relationship. It’s sweet and funny~

Remarkable by shiphitsthefan (3.7k)

It’s only Castiel’s first day as a teacher at All City Elementary in Sioux Falls, and he’s already been warned by four teachers, the guidance counselor, the principal, and the librarian to watch out for Ben Braeden’s father. Unluckily for Castiel, Dean turns out to be just as “helpful” as everyone’s said, bringing in stacks of literature and just as many ideas for how Mr. Milton can encourage his students to be more socially conscious. Castiel dismisses him every time with hardly a second thought.

When Ben brings in his Patriot Day essay assignment, Mr. Milton can't help but change his mind.

I love how passionate and insistent Dean is about social issues. And the way the other teachers speak about Dean makes me sad, but at least Cas makes an effort and the whole fic is very sweet and uplifting!

Made Manifest by schmerzerling

Wherein Castiel defied God for Dean before Dean even knew his name.

I was craving trans!Dean fic and this was recommended to me. It’s really good, focusing on Dean up until Cas pulls him out of hell and recongizes Dean for who he is. Dean, not Deanna.

Low Battery Blues by destielonfire (4k)

Wherein a dead phone battery ruins an otherwise perfectly good and well-intended joke and causes Cas to think Dean broke up with him.

Misunderstanding with a happy ending!

Parent's Weekend by Piper_Halliwell1979 (1.7k)

Claire needs a "dad" to come meet one of her professors during Parent's Weekend at college. She can't get hold of Cas so Dean steps up to help her out. Turns out Claire wouldn't mind if she had two dads.

Dean and Cas both pretend to be Claire’s dads!

This Is Gonna Have Consequences, Kid by omgbubblesomg (Explicit, 3.6k)

Modern AU. Dean is looking for someone to spend the night and Cas is working the streets

PWP with sex worker Cas, featuring younger!Cas and older!Dean.

The Ritual by HazelDomain (Explicit, 9.6k // non-con cw)

The Winchesters were used to being outnumbered. They weren’t too worried about taking on humans, numerous though they may be. It was the ritual’s mystery guest that concerned them. 

Their intel wasn’t good. They knew the cultists needed the participation of some incredibly powerful being in order to complete the summoning. “Powerful” and “being” were both very loosely translated, as was “participation.”

I was on a hurt!Cas kick and this story has plenty of it. Cas was abducted by a cult and then found by the Winchesters once it’s been mostly completed. See the archive warnings (graphic violence and rape) and further tags!

Finding Courage by DarkHeartInTheSky (26.3k)

By allowing Lucifer to use him as a vessel, Castiel helped eliminate the Darkness and saved the World. But it may have been at the cost of Sam and Dean's friendship. Deciding he has nothing to live for without that, Castiel plans to end his life on his terms and be at peace---if only a certain ghost of an archangel would leave him alone. Meanwhile, Dean needs to learn to use his words.

A Supernatural "It"s A Wonderful Life" AU

More hurt Cas. Dean reacts very negatively once Cas is free of his possession, sending him away. As a consequence Cas tries to commit suicide and is given the chance to either die or return to life once more. It takes a while to convince him that he hasn’t lost everything. It’s sad but it has a good ending.

Specimen Two Eighty Five by HazelDomain (Explicit, 8k // non-con cw)

Prompt: Cas gets taken prisoner by the MOL or some other people. They lump angels in with all the other supernatural creatures, and believe they’re little better than animals. They keep Cas restrained and burn or tattoo warding on him. They talk about him like he can’t understand them. They strip him, examine him, make him manifest his wings. He can’t escape, and every day brings new mistreatment and misery.

Hurt!Cas and tortured Cas seems to be the theme of my reading at the end of April. What I particularly like about this is the non-linear narration!

Womb Kindred by Annie D (scaramouche) (Explicit, 33k)

It was probably too much to hope for that Castiel's once-betrothed, Dean of Winchester, never found out that they had a child together.

I adore this fic and the last chapter was recently posted. So it’s on my to re-read list! It’s got a very interesting setting and there’s constant tension between all the characters. Cas has been hurt in the past and while he is fierce in guarding Claire, there’s a sad resignation about him. And about Dean as well. They’re pretty much walking on eggshells around each other all the time and then they get flung into troubles which readjusts their relationship. While it has a good ending, it’s clear that it’s not a perfect happy ever after. 

Pining Sickness; Or, Murder With One Stone by athaclena, iraeim (Explicit, 57.8k)

New York, 1895. The rigid customs of the old century are beginning to fall away, allowing access to the professions for more people than just Omega men and Alpha women. Dean Winchester, the city’s first Alpha male Detective, uncovers evidence that a mysterious new illness killing mated couples might have its origins is the criminal rather than the medical.

Castiel Novak is a respectable Omega doctor who has started to see patients dying cruelly of something he cannot cure or even effectively treat. Approached by the Detective to once again give his medical expertise, he is eager to work towards finding a cause and, he hopes, a cure for the unfortunate sufferers. But both men harbour a secret attraction towards the other, and the quest for the truth will stretch their relationship beyond its limits.

A historical murder mystery set against a backdrop of a non-traditional Omegaverse.

I absolutely adored this fic! It’s got a historical setting and a very interesting world building which, as the summary advertises, features a non-traditional distribution of roles, with omega men at the top of society. The case itself is interesting and you just get a massive dose of pining between Dean and Cas, but it’s a quiet, resigned kind of pining, that really pulls at your heart.

Take On Me by Powerfulweak (Explicit, 46.4k)

Alpha Dean Winchester figured the closest he’d get to the apple pie life and fatherhood was a one-shot, “wham-bam-thank-you-mam” trip to a sperm bank. That is, until he comes face-to-face with the omega carrying his pup on a fateful trip to the grocery store. When the the omega runs off without a word, though, Dean learns the situation is far more complicated than he expected. Can an anonymous sperm donation and the favor of a lifetime help two complete strangers find everything their life was missing?

A fic with an unusual premise that just promises a “it’s complicated” kind of situation! There’s plenty of very intriguing angst, but there is a fluffy happy ending!

Marry Him by ProLazy (2.9k)

Jimmy is sick and asks Castiel to do him a favour. This results in Dean mistaking Cas for Jimmy and explaining that he wants to marry Cas.

A cute sort of mistaken identity fic!

Left Behind by Aini_NuFire (6.6k)

Sam and Dean saved Lucifer from Amara. They just assumed that meant they’d saved Cas too…

(Author needs to vent some angst, but there’s still a happy ending)

That last part of the summary pretty much describes this fic. It’s a gen fic, addressing the fact that Cas often gets forgotten or left behind, especially in this whole Lucifer and Chuck fiasco. ;w;

Captured by bobertsmallismydad (6.2k)

On a day when he is taking a break from Heaven Castiel is captured by the order of the Royal Court aka King "Dickbag" John Winchester. He is forced into servitude as a . . . nanny?

This has a very interesting premise! An enslaved angel having to work as a nanny? Great! Castiel is captured by king John (a douchebag) and tasked to watch over Dean, which he does, over the years. Until Dean himself becomes king.

Choice and Precious Vessels by justabrain (11.2k)

In a world where angels wear collars to suppress their powers and are subservient to humans, a young Castiel finds himself serving a family with two young boys, Sam and Dean. He soon befriends the older of the two, yet all good things must come to an end.

Another gen, Cas whump one. It’s a sad story in which angels are slaves and even though Castiel’s situation improved when he is being bought by the Winchester family, Cas still isn’t treated with dignity. And while the story promises a happy ending and it does have a happy ending, my soul wasn’t quite soothed. ;w; All the damage had been done and nobody makes reparations for it. But despite the sadness I do think it’s a great read!

the worst week of dean's life by jhoom (1.7k)

Dean’s son is driving him crazy.

Super cute, poor Dean is so frustrated because he can’t get his son to call him dada.

Moonlit Sky by hollyblue2 (1.1k)

They'd been busy on their actual anniversary, so Dean decides to make it up to Castiel.

A soft and fluffy story, good for the heart!

Dean's Carol by BurningTea (17.9k)

Dean has learned that a hunter can't have close friends or loved ones, not without being ready to lose them, so he decides it's safer for Cas not to be around.

Can the traditional visits from three ghosts change his mind?

Dean has to learn an important lesson! I love how it takes the story of the christmas carol and putting it into a canon compliant universe, where Dean is aware of what’s happening because he knows the story.

[simulacrahelps]

520+ RP icons of Moses Brings Plenty. Moses is of Oglala Lakota Sioux Ethnicity. These Icons were all screencapped by me and are in size 100x100. Please reblog or Like if you use these ones.

This post was made for @tasksweekly ‘s [TASK 057: GREAT SIOUX NATION]

[omahahs]

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[xtruss]

Uncovering Boarding School History Makes For Monumental Task

By Susan Montoya Bryan | Thursday July 15, 2021

ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. (AP) — They sat inside a dust-covered box that had been stashed away, untouched, for years: black-and-white photographs of Apache students who were among the first sent to a New Mexico boarding school bankrolled by East Coast parishioners and literary fans.

The first showed the girls bundled in blankets with moccasins on their feet. The next, taken just weeks later, was starkly different, the children posing in plaid uniforms, high-laced boots and wide-brimmed straw hats.

Adjunct history professor Larry Larrichio said he stumbled upon the 1885 photos while researching a military outpost and immediately recognized their significance.

The images represented the systematic attempt by the U.S. government, religious organizations and other groups to assimilate Indigenous youth into white society by removing them from their homes and shipping them off to boarding school. The effort spanned more than a century and is now the focus of what will be a massive undertaking by the U.S. government as it seeks to uncover the troubled legacy of the nation’s policies related to Native American boarding schools, where reports of physical and sexual abuse were widespread.

“When I pulled that photo out, it just brought a tear to my eye. I looked at the faces of these beautiful Apache girls in their Native attire and then those ugly American bonnets,” said Larrichio, a research associate with the Latin American and Iberian Institute at the University of New Mexico. “It just knocked me on my butt.”

The U.S. Interior Department has started combing through records in hopes of identifying past boarding schools and the names and tribes of students. The project also will try to determine how many children perished while attending those schools and were buried in unmarked graves.

As part of an effort that began years earlier, the disinterred remains of nine Native American children who died more than a century ago while attending a government-run school in Pennsylvania were handed over to relatives during a ceremony Wednesday so they could be returned to Rosebud Sioux tribal lands in South Dakota.

Interior Secretary Deb Haaland, a member of Laguna Pueblo and the first Native American to lead a Cabinet agency, has promised a comprehensive review while acknowledging it would be a painful and difficult process.

Larrichio’s discovery hints at the immensity of the challenge, as each bit of new information leads down another avenue that needs to be researched.

While some records are kept by the agency and the National Archives, most are scattered across jurisdictions — from the bowels of university archives, like those Larrichio found, to government offices, church archives, museums and personal collections.

That’s not to mention whatever records were lost or destroyed over the years.

The National Native American Boarding School Healing Coalition has been working to amass information about the schools for almost a decade. With the help of grant funding and the work of independent researchers across the country, the Minnesota-based group has identified nearly 370 schools and estimates hundreds of thousands of Native American children passed through them between 1869 and the 1960s.

“It’s going to be a monumental task, and the initiative that was launched by the Interior is great, but it’s a short timeline and we’ll need further investigation,” said Christine Diindiisi McCleave, the group’s CEO and a citizen of the Turtle Mountain Ojibwe Nation.

The coalition knows firsthand how difficult uncovering the truth will be. The group years ago filed public records requests with the federal government for information about the schools. The government didn’t have answers, Diindiisi McCleave said.

Of the schools identified by the group so far, she said records have been found for only 40% of them. The whereabouts of the rest are unknown.

What is known from the research and from family accounts is that there were children who never made it home.

With the Interior Department taking a first formal step to uncover more about the history, Diindiisi McCleave and others are renewing their push for a federal commission to be established in the U.S., much like one created in Canada, where the remains of more than 1,000 children were discovered in recent weeks at residential schools there.

In the United States, the Indian Civilization Act of 1819 and other laws and policies were enacted to establish and support Indian boarding schools across the nation. For over 150 years, Indigenous children were taken from their communities and forced into boarding schools that focused on assimilation.

The discoveries in Canada and the renewed spotlight in the U.S. have stirred strong emotions among tribal communities, including grief, anger, reflection and a deep desire for healing.

Indigenous students of the Ramona Industrial School in Santa Fe. (AP Photo/Susan Montoya Bryan)

Haaland, Diindiisi McCleave and New Mexico Indian Affairs Secretary Lynn Trujillo have all recounted stories about their grandparents being sent away to boarding schools. They talk about the intergenerational trauma that was triggered by the experience and the effects that have manifested themselves on younger generations seeking to maintain their language and cultural practices, which were banned in boarding schools.

For some families, the boarding school experience was a forbidden topic, never to be talked about.

For others, the recent attention has spurred fresh conversations. Trujillo talked about her grandmother being taken when she was 6 and telling stories about how she was always so hungry and cold.

Trujillo said while her grandmother made it home, unlike other children, that experience shaped who she was.

“Our communities and Indigenous people have known about these atrocities for a very long time, but being able to bring them to light and talk about them — no matter how painful — is part of that process toward healing,” said Trujillo, a member of Sandia Pueblo who has been focused on bringing together Indigenous youth to highlight the need for more mental health resources and educational opportunities.

For Diindiisi McCleave, moving forward with healing will require more research, data and understanding.

“The biggest part of the work starts with the truth, and that includes not only truth from the federal government in this case and the churches that ran the schools, but hearing the truth from the perspective of the people who experienced it, listening to the testimony of survivors and descendants and understanding the full scope and impact of these experiences,” she said.

Experts say the list of known boarding schools — and burial sites — will only expand as more grassroots research sheds light on schools that have otherwise been lost to history.

Already some researchers have spent years piecing together records, old newspaper reports and oral histories to find and identify lost children. Others have searched properties using ground-penetrating radar. Some state agencies that focus on Indigenous affairs are considering launching investigations into known schools.

The Interior Department said it’s working on ways to “create a safe space,” such as a hotline or special website where people can share information about the schools and seek resources.

Students who attended the Ramona Industrial School in Santa Fe. (AP Photo/Susan Montoya Bryan)

In New Mexico, the Ramona Industrial School for Indian Girls opened in the mid-1880s and housed mostly Apache students, many of whom had parents who were being held prisoner by the U.S. Army at Fort Union, about 100 miles (160 kilometers) away.

Not far from Santa Fe’s historic plaza, the school was founded by Horatio Ladd, a congregational minister who contracted with the military to send Indigenous students there. The endeavor was supported by parishioners and admirers of author and activist Helen Hunt Jackson through fundraising newsletters and postcards.

Larrichio was working on a project for the National Park Service years ago when he happened upon brochures and other documents related to the school. It was a monthslong effort that involved combing through hundreds of archival collections at the Center for Southwest Research at the University of New Mexico.

With only brief references in books on other subjects, the school is an example of the difficult work facing the Interior Department as it embarks on its investigation. While Larrichio is sharing the materials he uncovered with the National Native American Boarding School Healing Coalition, he said “it’s the tip of the iceberg,” and much more work needs to be done.

“A lot of this information is probably buried — literally buried with respect to this collection I uncovered,” he said. “How many other stories are buried, and how much was purposefully destroyed? I think it’s going to be very hard to really get a comprehensive understanding of the impact of this.”

[1stnewslink]

Indian Health Service acting director visits South Dakota clinic, touts high vaccination rate in tribal community of Wagner

That’s because he’s a basketball player.

And he shoots with the left.

“So that’s why he’s right,” said Harry Medicine Bear, Avery’s father, laughing. “He’s not even sore.”

The vaccination effort in the Indian country has been one of the brightest stories in the fight against COVID-19. On Thursday June 24, IHS Acting Director Elizabeth Fowler toured the IHS Clinic in Wagner – the first IHS ward in the country last year to report a COVID-19 case.

Now, according to Fowler, the site is promoting a 71% vaccination rate for both local and non-local service workers, a rollout that many, if not most, communities in South Dakota will envy.

“I’m here because I wanted to see firsthand the work of the lawyers and staff to support community immunity,” said Fowler.

While South Dakota was notoriously “not shut down” during COVID-19, the state’s citizens were in the top fifth in both deaths per capita and infection rates across the country. The threat of COVID-19 was heightened in tribal communities as many residents suffer from various comorbidities and, like the medicine bears, live in multi-generation houses.

“Everyone in the house is vaccinated now,” said Medicine Bear.

Health officials say these heightened public health vulnerabilities have spurred vaccine uptake in places like Wagner.

While South Dakota’s overall vaccination rate has rocketed just over 50% after launch, it was the 9 tribal nations of the rural state – who all chose to have their vaccinations made available on IHS rather than the state government – who? Pioneering the vaccination of populations at risk.

“I like baseball,” said Melody Otte, a nurse at the IHS in Wagner, on Thursday. “I feel like we made it out of the park.”

The Biden government had sought 70% of Americans to have their vaccination series by the age of 10. Although this mission remains elusive, it happened at Wagner’s.

In addition to opening vaccination sites for non-native people, IHS has run awareness campaigns, vaccinated non-native teachers at the local school, and even parked a mobile vaccination station – a collaborative effort with the Federal Emergency Management Administration – in the old Shopko in Wagner.

“Our communities are huge geographically,” said Dayle Knutson, director of the IHS Great Plains Area COVID-19 task force. “But we are also small families.”

Myrtle Bruguier, a tribal elder, told Forum News Service that she had a cardiac stent inserted and remained isolated on the reservation during the pandemic – including the land that runs along the Missouri and including the city of Wagner, although it did checkerboard through Allocation.

She brought a personal tie to the clinic for a stab.

“That lady over there,” said Bruguier, pointing to the uniformed nurse who was standing nearby and smiling. “She called me and asked if I would like to take the vaccine.”

Bruguier said she asked the nurse, “Is it safe?” And she said, ‘Well, I think so.’ ”

Bruguier then called her doctor who told her to take the vaccine because “it would be good for me”.

While the effects of COVID-19 – and vaccination rates – vary across each of the tribal nations in South Dakota, the tribes have largely taken a more aggressive stance than the state in fighting the virus, imposing curfews, temporary closings of certain shops, and even. at, in some cases, checkpoints on highways that fork tribal areas.

Knutson said these efforts were in part driven by increased concerns. Alaskan Indian and Native American death rates are 3 1/2 times higher than non-Hispanic whites, according to national data.

Yankton Sioux Tribe Chairman Robert Flying Hawk spoke briefly to the congregation on Thursday and shared his own fight against COVID-19.

“I caught myself with the virus and it was scary,” said Flying Hawk, who said he stayed home for three weeks with headaches, body aches and insomnia. Ultimately, a clarifying thought occurred to him, which he now uses to advertise vaccine intake.

“At my age I wanted to go on living.”

Health officials say the next task is to convince those with doubts to get vaccinated and continue to stave off future harm from the virus or variants. While vaccination skepticism in indigenous communities does not reflect indigenous communities, older people – and the youngest generation currently eligible for the vaccine (those between 12 and 18 years old) – also show higher intake rates.

“You have to protect everyone around you,” said Avery, eating a plate of fruit next to his father on Thursday. “And yourself.”

The post Indian Health Service acting director visits South Dakota clinic, touts high vaccination rate in tribal community of Wagner first appeared on 1st News Link.

source https://1stnewslink.com/indian-health-service-acting-director-visits-south-dakota-clinic-touts-high-vaccination-rate-in-tribal-community-of-wagner/

[orbemnews]

A SPECIAL JOURNAL REPORT: Native women face epidemic of violence Trisha Etringer, left, and her sister, Sasha Rivers, right, console their mother, Muriel Walker, as Walker talks about her sister, Paulette Walker, who was murdered in Riverside County, California, in 1986. Trisha Etringer, a member of the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska and operations director for Great Plains Action Society, talks about patterns of Indigenous women being murdered or going missing during an interview in her Sioux City home. Trisha Etringer, left, a member of the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska and operations director for Great Plains Action Society, talks about patterns of Indigenous women being murdered or going missing during an interview in her Sioux City home. She is with her sister, Sasha Rivers, right, and their mother, Muriel Walker.  Trisha Etringer, left, Muriel Walker, Jessica Lopez-Walker and Sasha Rivers, right, gather at the Sioux City Journal office to talk about their aunt and sister Paulette Walker, who was found murdered in a remote area of Riverside County, California, in December 1986. Trisha Etringer, left, Muriel Walker, Jessica Lopez-Walker and Sasha Rivers, right, gather at the Sioux City Journal office to talk about their aunt and sister Paulette Walker who was found murdered in a remote area of Riverside County, California, in December 1986. SIOUX CITY — When they were kids, Muriel Walker and her sister Paulie would tickle each other’s faces. Decades later, that childhood game, which the girls played after being sent up to bed early, vividly reminds Walker of her late sister.  “At night, she’ll come to me. I’ll be tickling my face. I know that’s her way of comforting me,” Walker said. Paulette “Paulie” Walker, a member of the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska, was found murdered in a remote area of Riverside County, California, in December 1986. No one has ever been charged in connection with the 26-year-old’s death. Muriel Walker talks about the death of her sister, Paulette Walker, a member of the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska. Paulette Walker was killed in California in 1986 and her death is still unsolved. Paulie is one of the thousands of Indigenous women who have gone missing, been murdered or died under suspicious circumstances on and off reservations in the United States over the years. This national epidemic of violence gave rise to Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women (MMIW), a growing movement that seeks to bring awareness to the issue. Three women found dead on two reservations in Northeast Nebraska last year are among the victims.  Ashlea Aldrich, a 29-year-old mother of two, was found lying naked in a muddy cornfield on Jan. 7 just outside Macy, Nebraska, on the Omaha Indian Reservation. Her family said she died as a result of domestic violence, but no charges have been filed in federal court against anyone in connection with her death. Trisha Etringer, left, Muriel Walker, Jessica Lopez-Walker and Sasha Rivers, right, gather at the Sioux City Journal office to talk about their aunt and sister Paulette Walker who was found murdered in a remote area of Riverside County, California, in December 1986. Kozee Decorah, 22, was killed and her body burned on May 16 at a remote cabin on the Winnebago Indian Reservation. Her family was angered when Jonathan Rooney, her 26-year-old fiancé, was initially only facing a manslaughter charge. But, in October, Rooney’s charge was upgraded to second-degree murder. He has pleaded not guilty and is scheduled to stand trial on May 10 in U.S. District Court in Omaha. Lenice Blackbird’s decomposing body was found by one of her relatives on June 27 in a remote area of the Omaha Indian Reservation, after the 25-year-old’s mother reported her missing. Her family suspects foul play was involved. A National Institute of Justice-funded study found that 84 percent of Indigenous women report having experienced violence at some point in their lifetimes. And, in some counties, they are murdered at more than 10 times the national average. As of 2016, more than 5,700 Indigenous women and girls had been reported missing, according to the National Crime Information Center. Activists say that number is likely to be much higher, due to racial misclassification of victims and inconsistent data collection. Only 116 of those cases ended up being logged in the U.S. Department of Justice’s federal missing persons database, according to the Urban Indian Health Institute.  Michael Wanbdi Gdeska O’Connor, a Native American activist and Yankton Sioux tribal member who lives in Sioux City, said the brutal crimes being committed against Native women are shocking, but not surprising, because Native Americans are in “continuous crisis,” facing not only high rates of violence, but also poverty, unemployment and social injustice. “It has always been dangerous to be Native American and it has always been open season on our lives, on our rights,” he said. “We have always lived in fear. We have always been made to feel less important.” Experts say a lack of communication and planning across jurisdictions, underfunded tribal justice systems, legal loopholes that benefit non-Native offenders, and the prevalence of sex trafficking in and around communities where Native Americans live all contribute to the disproportionately high rates of violence that Native women face. While this crisis has been largely ignored in the past, recent grassroots efforts to illuminate it have gained the attention of lawmakers. Victims’ loved ones have shared their stories, held vigils and rallies and testified before Congress.  In response, the Trump administration launched the Operation Lady Justice Task Force in November 2019 to review cold cases, strengthen law enforcement protocols and work with tribes to improve investigations and information sharing in Indian Country. Then, in October, then-President Donald Trump signed into law Savanna’s Act, a bipartisan bill, to further combat the violence against Native women. Among other provisions, Savanna’s Act requires the DOJ to train law enforcement to record tribal enrollment for victims in federal databases. Support of MMIW has continued under the Biden administration.  Earlier this month, Interior Secretary Debra Haaland, the first Native American to serve as a cabinet secretary, announced the formation of the Missing & Murdered Unit within the Bureau of Indian Affairs Office of Justice Services.  “The new MMU unit will provide the resources and leadership to prioritize these cases and coordinate resources to hold people accountable, keep our communities safe, and provide closure for families,” Haaland said in a statement issued April 1. Muriel Walker, a member of the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska, holds a photograph of her sister, Paulie Walker, during an interview. She said her sister was murdered in California in 1986. Tim Hynds, Sioux City Journal Trisha Etringer, Muriel Walker’s daughter, said Indigenous people need to be the ones controlling their own data. She cited the MMIWG2 Database, which Annita Lucchesi, a Cheyenne descendent and executive director of the nonprofit Sovereign Bodies Institute, created to log cases of missing and murdered Indigenous women, girls and those who are two-spirit — a term used in some Native American cultures to describe gender-variant individuals in their communities. According to a report released by the institute in July, the database documented 2,306 cases in the United States from 1900 to 2020, of which 58 percent are homicides.  “We need to have Indigenous data keepers that hold that data, because it’s sacred to us. It’s not just numbers that you throw around. These are people,” said Etringer, who serves as operations director for Great Plains Action Society — a collective of Indigenous organizers working to resist and indigenize colonial institutions, ideologies and behaviors.  Walker remembered Paulie, who was a year younger than she, as a strong, caring, artistic woman. She said her sister liked to draw animals and people and was the family comedian growing up. The girls spent time in foster care, and Walker, who described herself as rather shy and timid, clung to Paulie for protection. As adults, Walker said Paulie ran to her for refuge from an abusive relationship. “She would come running to me and we would take her in, and then, she would go right back to him,” Walker said of Paulie’s boyfriend, a non-Native. Support Local Journalism Your membership makes our reporting possible. featured_button_text In 1986, after Paulie had moved to California with her boyfriend, Walker said she received a phone call from a law enforcement officer. She said he told her Paulie had been murdered in California. Paulie’s boyfriend was a suspect, according to Walker, but she said authorities couldn’t locate him at the time. Lester Harvey, an investigator with the Riverside County Sheriff’s Department, said the man has since been ruled out as a suspect. “I just got that one phone call and that was it,” said Walker, who lacked the financial resources to bring her sister’s body back home.  Since no one claimed her body, Paulie was buried in California. More than 30 years passed before Walker learned more details of her sister’s murder case, thanks to her daughter Jessica Lopez-Walker’s efforts. After her uncle Ben Walker’s death in December 2018, Lopez-Walker said she often thought about Paulie and how she wanted to unite her family, which had become disconnected over the years. She arranged to have her uncle buried next to her grandfather, Ernest Walker, in Winnebago and hoped to someday lay her aunt to rest there, too.  “When I was growing up, I saw how it affected my mom, and I always had that in the back of my mind — I wish there was something we could do,” Lopez-Walker recalled. Lopez-Walker turned to Facebook pages operated by missing persons groups and even reached out to psychics to find her aunt. An inquiry sent to a Facebook group called “Locating The Missing” proved fruitful. On Feb. 4, 2019, Shannon Blankenship, a member of the group, reached out to Lopez-Walker, and, within 24 hours, Lopez-Walker said Blankenship had located a potential match in Riverside County. The deceased woman’s first name was Paulette. She had the same date of birth and Social Security number as Paulie, but a different last name.  “My aunt was married. I don’t think we knew that when we were originally searching for her. We were looking for her under the last name Walker, and her last name was actually Steadham,” Lopez-Walker said. Two of Lopez-Walker’s aunts submitted DNA for testing in May of that year, and, in July, the results came back a match to Paulette Steadham, who was buried in Evergreen Memorial Historic Cemetery in Riverside on Feb. 10, 1987.  A California Highway Patrol officer discovered Paulie’s body at 8:30 a.m. on Dec. 22, 1986, while measuring the scene of a motor vehicle crash seven miles east of State Route 195 near Chiriaco Summit in Riverside County. Harvey said the body, which was lying among some sagebrush and couldn’t been seen from the roadway, was found 90 miles away from Long Beach, the last place Paulie was reportedly seen alive.  “The cause of death is asphyxia from strangulation. She had fractured cartilage in the neck,” Harvey said of Paulie, who had been staying in a motel in Long Beach with her husband before her death. “That night she was last seen, it sounded like she was possibly in an intoxicated state. Possibly, she’d been in a disagreement with somebody that she was in company with before she left and, then, she was picked up by a truck driver.”  Harvey said the homicide is considered a cold case, since all viable leads have been exhausted. He said he is looking to future advances in DNA technology to bring about a break in the case.  “We have quite a bit of physical evidence that has been forensically analyzed, even to recent testing trends. Even with those current trends, we have not been able to gather enough data at this point to identify a suspect or suspects,” he said.  Jessica Lopez-Walker, center, refers to her notes as she talks about where her aunt Paulette Walker’s body was found in Riverside County, California, in December 1986. Lopez-Walker’s mother, Muriel Walker, left, and sister, Sasha Rivers, right, look on. Jesse Brothers, Sioux City Journal In the meantime, Lopez-Walker and her family are waiting for the process of retrieving Paulie’s remains to move forward. The tribe is assisting with the cost of disinterment, cremation and shipping, according to Lopez-Walker.  “There’s all these other people who are still not claimed by their families. At least I knew where she was,” she said. Lopez-Walker hopes sharing the story of her search for her aunt can help other families find their missing loved ones. Etringer said this current epidemic of violence against Indigenous women can be traced to European colonization. “We were raped, pillaged and termed as ‘merciless Indian savages,’ so right then and there you already have the groundwork of why we’re looked at in that sense,” she said. Centuries later, Etringer said Native women are still being sexually objectified in media and pop culture. In fact, 96 percent of Native women who experienced sexual violence reported being victimized by non-Natives, according to the National Institute of Justice.  The domestic violence that is occurring among some Native Americans has its roots in the boarding school era. From roughly 1860 to 1978, the U.S. government forced tens of thousands of Native children to attend boarding schools in effort to assimilate them into white society.  Sasha Rivers, Etringer’s sister, said the children were beaten, raped and stripped of their language, hair and culture while at the schools. When they returned home, she said they didn’t know how to connect to their parents and the family structure was dismantled. This trauma has trickled down through the generations, according to Rivers.  “How do you deal with this trauma if you’re not taught or not given the resources? You drink, or you do other toxic behaviors,” she said. “You have generations that are still trying to reconnect to their culture.”  Etringer said demonstrations against the Dakota Access Pipeline have prompted deeper conversations about the violence and what can be done to curb it. She said she gained a greater awareness of the issue while participating in protests on the Standing Rock Sioux Indian Reservation in North Dakota in 2016. A year later, Etringer attended a MMIW symposium in South Dakota, and her involvement in the movement, which is symbolized by a red handprint across the mouth, has only grown from there. She goes to runs, rallies and marches to raise awareness of not only Indigenous women whose voices have been silenced by violence, but also children, relatives and two-spirit people. “Some of the stories that are shared are very triggering and they’re really sad, but I think our women, as traumatizing as it is, are gaining some sort of healing from it,” Etringer said. “From that healing, they’re able to stand up and do something about it. It may be art. It may be song. It may be prayer. It may be actually going onto the front lines and advocating for equality.” A SPECIAL JOURNAL REPORT: Questions surrounding death of Omaha Nation woman remain Dialysis unit slated to open in Walthill Authorities investigating woman’s death near Macy Subscribe to our Daily Headlines newsletter. Source link Orbem News #ashleaaldrich #epidemic #Face #full-longform #greatplainsactionsociety #Journal #kozeedecorah #leniceblackbird #mmiw #native #nativeamericans #paulettewalker #Report #special #Violence #violenceagainstwomen #Women

[stringsofstarlight]

more...

update:    guidance from A Brule Sioux legend of Peyote

    Grandfather Peyote, as the medicine is known, came to the people of the mesas and deserts at a time when they were stricken with sickness long with  lack of food.    The Sioux peoples have a story about how the medicine came to be used, it name “pejuta” as given from Spirit.   They had to learn how to honor its medicine, to bring the healing to the tribes.   Once they ate the medicine it seemed everyone’s arms moved rhythmically back and forth in movement of shakers.  The small stones inside the rattle were the voice of Grandfather Peyote. Some played drums...eventually they learned from the medicine to add water to the drums to get the sound just right.    The cottonwood tree became the sacred wood to be used for drums.   All of this developed by the hand of the Great Spirit, which became synonymous with the spirit of the medicine.    The sacred roles of the Road man and the Fire tender came out of these first uses of the medicine brought back from the desert by the Sioux Grandmother.    The Roadman is tasked with finding a special place, erecting the sacred tipi for the event,  preparing a sweat previous to the ceremony to cleanse those who wish to take part, making sure that there is food available to share with spirit during the ceremony, deciding in whom the medicine can be given, and spiritually safe guarding the sacred space all night long.   The Roadman is similar to a priest in the role of a church service, handing the medicine around the circle and guiding the healing to be taken place.   Often a ceremony will be called for the express purpose of prayer and healing for One person or event.    The Roadman  directs the service(sitting up) to the Fireman, who is in charge of keeping the heart shaped fire going all night long.  The Fireman does not imbibe, but stays outside the tipi protecting those inside from any kind of intrusion upon the sacred space, keeps the fire tended throughout all the of the event until the rising of the Sun in the morning.  

The gift of “wacankiypi”, which means having a loving heart for the people could sit as the roadman to symbolize the “road of life”.  

The symbol of the spirit bird came out of these first uses of the sacred medicine to complete the peyote altar for each ceremony. 

“The use of the peyote medicine is thought by scholars to be at least 10,000 years old. Peyote cactus buttons uncovered in Shumla Cave in southern Texas have been radiocarbon dated to 5,000 BCE. The annual peyote pilgrimage of the Huichol Indians of central Mexico is thought by scholars to be the oldest continuous sacramental use of peyote in North America, estimated to date back to about 200 CE. Several other Mexican tribes, including the Tarahumara, the Cora, and the Tepehuan (or Tepecano) also have a historical relationship with the peyote cactus. In modern times the reintroduction of the religious use of peyote into the United States is thought to have occurred in the mid-nineteenth century, when it spread into the Great Plains region through the Mesacalero Apache and other nations.”     

The Native American Church (NAC), also known as Peyotism and Peyote Religion, is a Native American religion that teaches a combination of traditional Native American beliefs and Christianity, with sacramental use of the entheogen peyote which came into being in the early 1900′s to fight the extermination of Native rights and rituals with the United States policy of Manifest Destiny. 

Blessings and a deep, endearing love to you. 

eternal love,

james   11:11

[rotanawrites]

Click the source link to find a downloadable pack of #025 gifs of musician, filmmaker, photographer, and artist Juliana Brown Eyes-Clifford. She is Oglala Lakota Sioux, Tongan, and Samoan.

These fit @tasksweekly​ tasks: #050: Samoa,  #015: Indigenous Peoples of The Americas,  #057: The Great Sioux Nation, #094: Tonga

[tasksweekly]

[TASK 057: GREAT SIOUX NATION]

Shout out to @olivaraofrph​ for inspiring and helping compile this task! There’s a masterlist below compiled of over 120+ faceclaims categorised by gender with their occupation and ethnicity denoted if there was a reliable source. Great Sioux Nation refers to the Lakota, Dakota, and Nakoda Sioux peoples, as well as their subdivisions within those three, and their strong political structure together at the time of European contact. If you want an extra challenge use random.org to pick a random number! Of course everything listed below are just suggestions and you can pick whichever character or whichever project you desire.

Any questions can be sent here and all tutorials have been linked below the cut for ease of access! REMEMBER to tag your resources with #TASKSWEEKLY and we will reblog them onto the main! This task can be tagged with whatever you want but if you want us to see it please be sure that our tag is the first five tags, @ mention us or send us a messaging linking us to your post!

THE TASK - scroll down for FC’s!

STEP 1: Decide on a FC you wish to create resources for! You can always do more than one but who are you starting with? There are links to masterlists you can use in order to find them and if you want help, just send us a message and we can pick one for you at random!

STEP 2: Pick what you want to create! You can obviously do more than one thing, but what do you want to start off with? Screencaps, RP icons, GIF packs, masterlists, PNG’s, fancasts, alternative FC’s - LITERALLY anything you desire!

STEP 3: Look back on tasks that we have created previously for tutorials on the thing you are creating unless you have whatever it is you are doing mastered - then of course feel free to just get on and do it. :)

STEP 4: Upload and tag with #TASKSWEEKLY! If you didn’t use your own screencaps/images make sure to credit where you got them from as we will not reblog packs which do not credit caps or original gifs from the original maker.

THINGS YOU CAN MAKE FOR THIS TASK -  examples are linked!

Stumped for ideas? Maybe make a masterlist or graphic of your favourite faceclaims. A masterlist of names. Plot ideas or screencaps from a music video preformed by an artist. Masterlist of quotes and lyrics that can be used for starters, thread titles or tags. Guides on culture and customs.

Screencaps

RP icons [of all sizes]

Gif Pack [maybe gif icons if you wish]

PNG packs

Manips

Dash Icons

Character Aesthetics

PSD’s

XCF’s

Graphic Templates - can be chara header, promo, border or background PSD’s!

FC Masterlists - underused, with resources, without resources!

FC Help - could be related, family templates, alternatives.

Written Guides.

and whatever else you can think of / make!

MASTERLIST!

Ladies:

Lois Red Elk (76) Nakoda Sioux, Yankton Dakota Sioux, Isanti Dakota Sioux, and Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux - poet and actress.

Maria Ewing (67) African-American, Dutch, Scottish (Unconfirmed), and Sioux (Unconfirmed) - singer.

Valerie Red-Horse (born 1959) Cherokee and Sioux - filmmaker.

K.D. Lang (55) German, English, Irish, Scottish, Dutch, Icelandic, Russian Jewish, and Sioux - singer-songwriter and actress.

Karina Lombard (48) Lakota Sioux, Swiss, Russian, and Italian - actress and singer.

Yvonne Russo (47) Sicangu Lakota Sioux - filmmaker.

Wambli BearRunner (39) Oglala Lakota Sioux - actress.

Rebecca Hall (35) African-American, English, Dutch, Scottish (Unconfirmed), and Sioux (Unconfirmed) - actress.

Tonia Jo Hall (28) Lakota Sioux, Dakota Sioux, and Hidatsa - comedian.

Shawn Little Thunder (28) Sicangu Oyate Lakota Sioux - singer-songwriter and poet.

Juliana Brown Eyes-Clifford (25) Oglala Lakota Sioux, Tongan, and Samoan - musician, filmmaker, photographer, and artist.

Chianna Fisher (24) Sicangu Oyate Lakota Sioux - actress.

Taylor Dooley (24) Sioux, Irish, German, Belgian, and English - actress.

Annie Griffee (19) Lakota Sioux and Umatilla - model. Also known as Annie Rose Marie.

Jashaun St. John (16) Oglala Lakota Sioux - actress.

Hozhoni Whitecloud (15) Ho-Chunk, Omaha, Otoe, Comanche, Plains Cree, Lakota Sioux, Menominee, Muskogee, and Arikara - model.

Georgia Wettlin Larsen (?) Nakoda Sioux - singer.

Chelsey Luger (?) Lakota Sioux and Ojibwe - journalist.

Heather White (?) Mohawk and Nakoda Sioux - actress.

Amber Midthunder (born 1991) Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux, Hudeshabina Nakoda Sioux, Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyate Dakota Sioux, Chinese, and English - actress.

Lakota Jonez (?) Mohawk, Cherokee, and Lakota Sioux - singer-songwriter.

Sera-Lys McArthur (?) Nakoda Sioux and Irish - actress.

Nicole LaRoche (?) Kul Wicasa Oyate Lakota Sioux and Unspecified White - musician (Brule).

Joni Buffalohead (?) Mdewakanton Dakota Sioux and Sisseton-Wahpeton Dakota Sioux - musician (Bluedog).

Alexandra Buffalohead (?) Mdewakanton Dakota Sioux, Sisseton-Wahpeton Dakota Sioux, and Ponca - musician (Bluedog).

Xandrah (?) Nakoda Sioux - singer-songwriter.

Janae Collins (?) Lakota Sioux, Dakota Sioux, and Crow - actress.

Bee Pastion (?) Nakoda Sioux - singer.

Wandbi Nanji (?) Yankton Dakota Sioux and Nakoda Sioux - musician.

Kodi DeNoyer (?) Sicangu Oyate Lakota Sioux - musician (Nake Nula Waun).

Arlette Alcock (?) Metis of Blackfoot, Cree, and Nakoda Sioux descent - singer-songwriter.

Shayna Jackson (?) Cree and Dakota Sioux - actress.

Isabella LeBlanc (?) Sisseton-Wahpeton Dakota Sioux - actress.

Bonnie Jo Hunt (?) Lakota Sioux - singer.

Cecile Moosomin (?) Nakoda Sioux and Cree - musician.

Kristé Belt (?) Lakota Sioux - musician (Brule).

Shanda Hunter (?) Nakoda Sioux - musician (Eya-Hey Nakoda).

Shaunna Hunter (?) Nakoda Sioux - musician (Eya-Hey Nakoda).

Sarah Weston (?) Dakota Sioux - actress.

Roberta Rust (?) Sisseton-Wahpeton Dakota Sioux - musician.

Male:

Bob Barker (93) Unspecified White and ⅛ Sicangu Oyate Lakota Sioux - tv personality and game show host.

Alice Cooper (69) English, Scottish, Welsh, German, French Huguenot, Dutch, and Sioux (Unconfirmed) - singer-songwriter and actor.

Robert Tree Cody (66) Dakota Sioux and Maricopa - musician.

Kevin Locke (born 1954) Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux and Ojibwe - musician.

Ricky Lynn Gregg (55) Cherokee, Choctaw, and Sioux - singer-songwriter.

Scott Means (51) Navajo, Oglala Lakota Sioux, and Omaha - actor.

Zahn McClarnon (50) Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux and Irish - actor.

Moses Brings Plenty (47) Oglala Lakota Sioux - actor and singer.

Chaske Spencer (41) Lakota Sioux, Nez Perce, Cherokee, and Muscogee - actor.

Michael Spears (39) Kul Wicasa Oyate Lakota Sioux - actor.

Eddie Spears (34) Kul Wicasa Oyate Lakota Sioux - actor.

Tatanka Means (32) Oglala Lakota Sioux, Omaha, and Navajo - actor.

Tokala Clifford (32/33) Oglala Lakota Sioux - actor.

Robbie Daymond (35) Blackfoot, Sioux, Cherokee, Unspecified Black, Irish, and German - actor.

Chief Stockton (30) Sioux and Unspecified White - rapper.

Nataanii Nez Means (26) Oglala Lakota Sioux, Omaha, and Navajo - rapper.

Chase Manhattan (28) Oglala Lakota Sioux, Ojibwe, and Muskogee - rapper.

Nakotah LaRance (27) Hopi, Tewa, Nakoda Sioux, and Navajo - actor.

Frank Waln (27) Sicangu Oyate Lakota Sioux - rapper.

Shane Whitaker (25) Lakota Sioux and Unspecified White - buzzfeed employee.

Christian Baste (22) Navajo and Oglala Lakota Sioux - actor.

Mike “Witko” Cliff (born 1990) Oglala Lakota Sioux - rapper.

Stuart James (?) Santee Dakota Sioux - rapper.

Prolific The Rapper (?) Lakota Sioux, Mexican, and Unspecified White - rapper.

Dakota Brown (?) Oglala Lakota Sioux - actor.

Cat Clifford (?) Oglala Lakota Sioux - actor and singer-songwriter.

George Dull Knife (?) Oglala Lakota Sioux and Northern Cheyenne - actor.

Reign Charger (?) Lakota Sioux - musician.

Daniel TwoFeathers (?) Lakota Sioux and Wampanoag - actor.

Will Strongheart (?) Ojibwe and Lakota Sioux - actor.

Tufawon (?) Mdewakanton Dakota Sioux and Puerto Rican of at least partial Taino descent - rapper.

Allen Reddy (?) Oglala Lakota Sioux - actor.

Juwan Lakota (?) Oglala Lakota Sioux - model.

Rollie Raps (?) Sicangu Oyate Lakota Sioux - rapper.

Gunner Jules (?) Sicangu Oyate Lakota Sioux - rapper.

David Midthunder (?) Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux, Hudeshabina Nakoda Sioux, and Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyate Dakota Sioux - actor.

Bob Simons (?) Dakota Sioux and Nakoda Sioux - musician (Bluedog).

Chuck Davis (?) Lakota Sioux - musician (Bluedog).

Poz Lyrix (?) Ojibwe and Lakota Sioux - rapper.

Anthony James Whitewolf (?) Lakota Sioux - actor.

Antoine Edwards Jr (?) Sisseton-Wahpehton Dakota Sioux and Oglala Lakota Sioux - rapper and actor.

Jerry Wolf (?) Osage, Cherokee, and Lakota Sioux - actor.

John Reddy (?) Oglala Lakota Sioux - actor.

Illy Owl (?) Oglala Lakota Sioux and Puerto Rican - rapper.

Mato Nanji (?) Yankton Dakota Sioux and Nakoda Sioux - musician.

Pte Nanji (?) Yankton Dakota Sioux and Nakoda Sioux - musician.

Wambli Eagleman (?) Lakota Sioux and Navajo - actor.

Jr. Redwater (?) Santee Dakota Sioux, Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux, and Ho-Chunk - comedian.

Niiko Soul (?) Metis of Mdewakanton Dakota Sioux descent - musician.

Alex Wilson (18) Oglala Lakota Sioux - musician.

Vibez (?) Dakota Sioux - musician.

InfoRed (?) Cree and Nakoda Sioux - musician.

Cody Blackbird (?) Dakota Sioux, Cherokee, and Romani - musician.

Paul LaRoche (?) Kul Wicasa Oyate Lakota Sioux - musician (Brule).

Shane LaRoche (?) Kul Wicasa Oyate Lakota Sioux and Unspecified White - musician (Brule).

Bobby Wilson (?) Sisseton-Wahpeton Dakota Sioux - member of comedy group, the 1491s.

Thomas Schmidt (?) Sicangu Oyate Lakota Sioux - musician (Nake Nula Waun).

Andre Easter (?) Sicangu Oyate Lakota Sioux - musician (Nake Nula Waun).

Dallas Goldtooth (?) Mdewakanton Dakota Sioux and Navajo - member of comedy group, the 1491s.

Vlasis Pergakis (?) Lakota Sioux - musician (Brule).

Kurt Olsen (?) Lakota Sioux - musician (Brule).

Clay Brian (?) Lakota Sioux - musician (Brule).

Marty Two Bulls (?) Oglala Lakota Sioux - musician (The Wake Singers).

Mike Two Bulls (?) Oglala Lakota Sioux - musician (The Wake Singers).

Doug Two Bulls (?) Oglala Lakota Sioux - musician (The Wake Singers).

Rod Hunter (?) Nakoda Sioux - musician (Eya-Hey Nakoda).

Anders Hunter (?) Nakoda Sioux - musician (Eya-Hey Nakoda).

Cedric Hunter (?) Nakoda Sioux - musician (Eya-Hey Nakoda).

Gavin Ear (?) Nakoda Sioux - musician (Eya-Hey Nakoda).

Denzel Ear (?) Nakoda Sioux - musician (Eya-Hey Nakoda).

Chris Pegram (?) Nakoda Sioux - musician (Eya-Hey Nakoda).

Ethan Hunter (?) Nakoda Sioux - musician (Eya-Hey Nakoda).

Cory Cardinal (?) Nakoda Sioux - musician (Eya-Hey Nakoda).

Lewis Twoyoungmen (?) Nakoda Sioux - musician (Eya-Hey Nakoda).

Jesse Pelletier (?) Nakoda Sioux - musician (Eya-Hey Nakoda).

Kevin Sandy (?) Nakoda Sioux - musician (Eya-Hey Nakoda).

Desi Rider (?) Nakoda Sioux - musician (Eya-Hey Nakoda).

John Around Him (?) Lakota Sioux - musician.

Robby Bee (?) Dakota Sioux - musician.

Tom Bee (?) Dakota Sioux - musician (XIT).

Brian Lush (?) Yankton Dakota Sioux - DJ.

NB:

Beverly Little Thunder (?) Two Spirit - Lakota Sioux - writer.

Layha Spoonhunter (?) Two Spirit - Eastern Shoshone, Northern Arapaho, and Oglala Lakota Sioux - dancer and spokesperson.

[treasurypreserve]

Midland National Life Insurance- Analysis

While considering disaster protection choices, understanding the different suppliers and their offerings is critical. One of the conspicuous names in the business is Midland Public Life Coverage Organization. Laid out in 1906, this organization has gained notoriety for dependability and extensive protection items. In this article, we will investigate what Midland National Life Insurance offers, its set of experiences, its items, and why it very well may be the ideal decision for your protection needs.

A SHORT HISTORY OF MIDLAND LIFE INSURANCE

Midland Public Disaster Protection Organization is settled in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Throughout the long term, the organization has fostered areas of strength for an establishment, reliably keeping up with high evaluations from offices like A.M. Best and Fitch. This strength enables policyholders to meet their drawn-out commitments.

Midland Public was at first shaped as a common organization, meaning it was claimed by its policyholders. This design has cultivated a client-driven approach, guaranteeing that the requirements of clients stay at the front of its tasks.

KEY ITEMS PRESENTED BY MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE

Disaster protection

Midland Public offers an assortment of disaster protection items, including:

Term Extra security: This item gives inclusion to a predetermined term, regularly going from 10 to 30 years. It is a reasonable choice for those searching for brief insurance.

Entire Life coverage: Entire life approaches offer long-lasting inclusion and fabricate cash esteem over the long haul. This item is great for those searching for a super durable protection arrangement with a venture part.

All-inclusive Life coverage: This adaptable arrangement permits policyholders to change charges and passing advantages. It likewise amasses cash esteem, giving a speculation opportunity.

Annuities

Annuities are a huge piece of Midland Public's contributions. They turn out a consistent revenue stream during retirement, and the organization offers different sorts, including:

Fixed Annuities: These give ensured returns and are a protected venture choice.

Listed Annuities: These consider potential development in light of a securities exchange file while offering some security against misfortunes.

Variable Annuities: These give adaptability in speculation decisions, permitting policyholders to designate assets to different sub-accounts.

Inability Protection

Midland Public likewise offers handicap protection, which turns out revenue substitution if a policyholder can't work because of disease or injury. This inclusion is fundamental for protecting monetary steadiness during surprising life-altering situations.

Long haul Care Protection

With the increasing expenses of long-haul care, Midland Public's drawn-out care protection items assist policyholders with covering costs related to helped residing, nursing homes, and home medical services. This protection gives true serenity to people and families anticipating future medical care needs.

Why Pick Midland Public Extra Security?

Monetary Strength

Quite possibly the most basic factor in picking a protection supplier is its monetary strength. Midland Public Life Coverage Organization has reliably gotten high appraisals from autonomous rating offices, showing its soundness and dependability. This monetary strength guarantees that the organization can meet its policyholders' cases and commitments.

Different Item Reach

Midland Public offers a far-reaching set-up of protection items that can take special care of different requirements. Whether you're searching for extra security, annuities, incapacity inclusion, or long-haul care protection, Midland Public has choices that can accommodate your novel conditions.

Client Driven Approach

Midland Public's obligation to client assistance is obvious in its endeavors to teach clients about their choices and give customized arrangements. The organization's monetary delegates are prepared to assist policyholders with understanding their strategies and pursuing informed choices.

Adaptable Arrangements

A significant number of Midland Public's strategies accompany adaptability that permits policyholders to adjust their inclusion as their requirements change. This versatility can be particularly useful during critical life-altering situations, like marriage, being a parent, or retirement.

Speculation Open doors

For those keen on the speculation part of disaster protection, Midland Public's entire and all-inclusive life approaches offer money esteem aggregation. Moreover, their annuities give different venture techniques that can assist policyholders with developing their reserve funds.

Step-by-step instructions to Begin with Midland Public Extra security

In the event that you're thinking about Midland Public Life coverage for your inclusion needs, here's a bit-by-bit manual to assist you with getting everything rolling:

Survey Your Requirements

Prior to plunging into strategy choices, assess what is going on and figure out the kind of inclusion you expect. Think about variables like your age, well-being, family circumstances, and monetary objectives.

Research Accessible Items

Visit the Midland Public site or talk with a monetary delegate to investigate the different items accessible. Get some margin to look at term, entire, and general life arrangements, as well as annuities and other protection choices.

Get Statements

Getting statements from Midland Public can assist you with understanding the expenses related to various approaches. This step is vital for planning and guaranteeing that you pick a strategy that accommodates your monetary arrangement.

Talk with a Specialist

Consider counseling a Midland Public monetary delegate. They can give customized direction, answer your inquiries, and assist you with exploring the intricacies of disaster protection and annuities.

Survey and Buy Your Strategy

Whenever you've assembled all the essential data and settled on a choice, survey the strategy subtleties cautiously prior to buying. Guarantee that the inclusion addresses your issues and that you figure out the agreements.

FAQs About Midland Public Disaster Protection

What is Midland Public Disaster Protection known for?

Midland Public is known for its extensive variety of protection items, including life coverage, annuities, inability protection, and long-haul care inclusion, all upheld by solid monetary appraisals.

How might I get a statement from Midland Public?

You can get a statement by visiting Midland Public's site or reaching a monetary delegate straightforwardly.

Are Midland Public's arrangements adaptable?

Indeed, a considerable lot of Midland Public's strategies, especially their general life and annuity items, offer adaptability as far as expenses and advantages.

What would it be a good idea for me to consider while picking an extra security strategy?

Consider factors like your monetary objectives, family necessities, spending plan, and the kind of inclusion you expect prior to choosing a strategy.

By understanding the contributions and benefits of Midland Public Life coverage, you can pursue an educated choice that lines up with your monetary objectives and gives an inward feeling of harmony to you and your loved ones.

CONCLUSION

Midland Public Disaster Protection Organization is a strong decision for people looking for solid protection arrangements. With its rich history, different item contributions, and obligation to client support, Midland Public hangs out in the serious protection market. Whether you're searching for life coverage, annuities, or long-haul care inclusion, this organization has choices that can assist with getting your monetary future.

Prior to settling on a choice, find an opportunity to assess your necessities, investigate the accessible items, and talk with an educated delegate. Thus, you'll be exceptional in picking the right insurance contract for yourself as well as your friends and family.

[techcrunchappcom]

New Post has been published on https://techcrunchapp.com/donald-trump-orders-creation-of-national-heroes-garden/

Donald Trump orders creation of 'national heroes' garden

Media playback is unsupported on your device

Media caption“This monument will never be desecrated,” President Trump said at Mount Rushmore

US President Donald Trump has ordered the creation of a “National Garden of American Heroes” to defend what he calls “our great national story” against those who vandalise statues.

His executive order gives a new task force 60 days to present plans, including a location, for the garden.

He insists the new statues must be lifelike, “not abstract or modernist”.

A number of US statues have been pulled down since the police killing of an unarmed black man, George Floyd in May.

Monuments linked to the slave-owning Confederacy during the Civil War in America have been especially targeted in the nationwide protests ignited by the death of Floyd in Minneapolis, Minnesota, after a white police officer knelt on his neck for nearly nine minutes.

President Trump has defended Confederate symbols as a part of American heritage.

In a speech to mark Independence Day at Mount Rushmore, he condemned the anti-racism protesters who toppled statues.

He said America’s national heritage was being threatened – an emotive appeal for patriotism.

The garden – to be in a place of natural beauty near a city – is to be opened by 4 July 2026, Mr Trump’s executive order says. State authorities and civic organisations are invited to donate statues for it.

President Trump’s choice of historical figures to be commemorated in the garden is likely to be controversial.

The list of “historically significant” Americans includes predictably Founding Fathers like George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, but also frontiersman Davy Crockett, evangelical Christian preacher Billy Graham, Ronald Reagan and World War Two heroes Douglas MacArthur and George Patton.

There will also be statues of African American civil rights campaigners Harriet Tubman and Martin Luther King Jr.

Image copyright Getty Images

Image caption Americans celebrate the French Marquis de Lafayette as a national hero

Controversially, Mr Trump includes non-Americans who “made substantive historical contributions to the discovery, development, or independence of the future United States”.

So the garden can have statues of Christopher Columbus, Junipero Serra and the Marquis de Lafayette.

Columbus and the Spanish Catholic missionary Serra are far from heroic for Native Americans, because their “discoveries” led to the enslavement and exploitation of indigenous people by white colonists.

US must confront its Original Sin to move forward

The stories behind the statues targeted in protests

America’s early economic development also relied on slavery – which makes some of the traditional national heroes dubious for African Americans.

The Marquis de Lafayette, a French aristocrat and military commander, led American troops in key battles against the British in the American Revolution.

Symbolic response to protesters

Donald Trump’s proposed garden offers insight into who the president considers worthy of celebration. There are America’s founders, joined by 19th-Century frontiersmen glorified in old Disney television dramas, World War Two generals and slavery abolitionists.

Republican Party icon Ronald Reagan is the only president from the past 150 years, and Antonin Scalia, whose primary legal legacy is penning scathing conservative dissents to majority opinions, is the only Supreme Court justice. It’s the kind of list that could largely be gleaned from grade-school history books of the 1950s, an era that suffuses the president’s politics of nostalgia for “American greatness”.

In his Mount Rushmore speech, the president lashed out at those he accused of wanting to destroy the nation’s cultural heritage. The garden is his symbolic response. At a time when the president is defending statues that honour Civil War rebels who fought US soldiers, Mr Trump is making an affirmative case for those who he believes embody the US values of patriotism, inspiration and courage. While many Americans are now reviewing US history with a critical eye, the garden would be a glossy tribute to the president’s view of American “exceptionalism”.

It will surely antagonise the president’s critics, who see him as a divisive and ill-suited arbiter of American values. It also portends an autumn presidential campaign of pitched cultural warfare.

What did President Trump say in his speech?

It was a highly symbolic setting for the speech: Mount Rushmore, in South Dakota, features the carved faces of four US presidents, two of whom – George Washington and Thomas Jefferson – were slave-owners.

It also stands on land that was taken from the indigenous Lakota Sioux by the US government in the 1800s.

Image copyright Reuters

Image caption President Trump vowed to protect monuments against what he called a “left-wing cultural revolution”

President Trump railed against the “cancel culture” of those who toppled monuments during recent anti-racism protests.

He condemned those who targeted statues as “angry mobs”.

Mr Trump accused protesters of “a merciless campaign to wipe out our history, defame our heroes, erase our values, and indoctrinate our children”. “We will not be silenced,” he said.

The president, who has been heavily criticised for his handling of the US coronavirus pandemic, made little reference to the disease that has now claimed almost 130,000 American lives.

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Media captionBlack Americans were still enslaved for 89 years after American “Independence Day”

The US recorded its largest single-day rise in coronavirus infections on Friday, bringing the total to more than 2.5 million – the most of any country.

Masks and social distancing were not mandatory at the Mount Rushmore event, despite warnings by health officials.

Native American groups criticised Mr Trump’s visit for posing a health risk, and for celebrating US independence in an area that is sacred to them.

Many Native Americans do not celebrate Independence Day because they associate it with the colonisation of their tribal homelands and the loss of their cultural freedoms.

More on George Floyd’s death

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Media captionFour numbers that explain impact of George Floyd