#spring assizes

[tautline-hitch]

"It was May of 1914, and Cambridge undergraduates were crowded in to hear A. E. Housman lecture on Horace. The trees outside were heavy with blossoms, and no doubt most of the students—so many of them soon to die in the Great War—could recite Housman’s own poem, 'Loveliest of trees, the cherry now / Is hung with bloom along the bough. . . .' Tenderest of poets, Housman was an intimidating, sarcastic teacher. The subject of his lecture that day was the seventh ode of the fourth book, one of Horace’s most famous and melancholy: Diffugere nives, redeunt iam gramina campis. Housman took it apart and put it back together in a brilliant display of scholarship. Then, the account continues, he looked up at the class—the first time he had deigned to notice them in two years—and in a eerily quiet voice said, 'I should like to spend the last few minutes considering this ode simply as poetry.' With deep emotion, he read the poem aloud, first in Latin, and then in his own peerless English translation.

The snows are fled away, leaves on the shaws And grasses in the mead renew their birth, The river to the river-bed withdraws, And altered is the fashion of the earth. The Nymphs and Graces three put off their fear And unapparelled in the woodland play. The swift hour and the brief prime of the year Say to the soul, Thou wast not born for aye. Thaw follows frost; hard on the heel of spring Treads summer sure to die, for hard on hers Comes autumn, with his apples scattering; Then back to wintertide, when nothing stirs. But oh, whate’er the sky-led seasons mar, Moon upon moon rebuilds it with her beams: Come we where Tullus and where Ancus are, And good Aeneas, we are dust and dreams. Torquatus, if the gods in heaven shall add The morrow to the day, what tongue has told? Feast then thy heart, for what thy heart has had The fingers of no heir will ever hold. When thou descendest once the shades among, The stern assize and equal judgment o’er, Not thy long lineage nor thy golden tongue, No, nor thy righteousness, shall friend thee more. Night holds Hippolytus the pure of stain, Diana steads him nothing, he must stay; And Theseus leaves Pirithöus in the chain The love of comrades cannot take away.

The students grew uncomfortable, and thought they saw tears in the old man’s eyes. 'That,' they remembered him saying in the tone of a man betraying a secret, 'I regard as the most beautiful poem in ancient literature.' He turned abruptly and hurried out of the room."

In J.D. McClatchy's introduction to Horace: The Odes — New Translations by Contemporary Poets, 2002. (Shocked I remembered where I'd read this years ago.) Latin for Odes 4.7.

[libidomechanica]

“Falling true-love strait melted ; nay, and how they”

In directed, the fit the ghost!     What least assizes keen, with Bacchus whipping with thee. Three     chance where, scheming flowing

lights of yellow me. The pass longbow’s     talking men—for I have moan, and all thing not you asleepe     with for than thy look’d

some doest at Vice Lord H. Faire that     all at thee, when sheds loud, since when can do. Thought, thou my later.     Falling true-love strait

melted; nay, and how they fed, when     the dream and all, a dull at they maun part at the know thee     sweep in loves the pilgrims

of comfort found in proudly placement     landlord’s blanch’d sang off my bring ancientists are Love there     Rembrance, sweetest of her

broadcast of why merry for to     it. To true face doth rere. Also that shouldering names which     judging in you wish for

so much from afar, nor fear in     the name. Each dooms are with a joke, in Britain’d, from the Spring.     Truly tell his ear;

each fool. More the years, to choose, and     he care with other, restinging in deservants a cat,     or lyke lyke as love. Tell

her, that his brute betweene, the rose     who was it thus for I will, t is the birth do endless     eye, to prove studied at

all have never a tear-floor. Her     brings, an ominous carry out of wake the envious     woods no more came out within

nor year is buoyant and Phoebus,     far from behind, now; and your house my soulful marry     to speak. I curst already

stone, and opens burden also     were rose; and make me a them show me. Her moved to let     me departure, by no

more us, names or workers, rooks     o’er thousand me, with a sings of my attention all his     kid into her own, like

away; drop here, my stone brings to     disfranchingly knit, to make gentle reuerence wi’ the fang’d     then lovers love is houres

from the places maturity;     and boys and I came fashion, or sacred moon in her     olives that wax and strings

they desolate: thus with in the     bright wing’d my deed were above and by octobering girls     whose holy darting to

heart with husks, cut out of heavy     first great promise of the corne a fooles Heau’nly guifts of     his heart to her wife and

arms gainst feruent be. My deere to-     day possible; and so ioyfull of these struck Charlemagne’s—     and knit in his ward,

keenly after two widows green,     shame, may we parent, about that reasons than man, my bed,     and now his apart Beyond

us. Follow, now day morn     off her, if one the depths of a year falls and knows: to each     in other meant to go.

[if-you-fan-a-fire]

"FROLICK'S JAIL BREAK ADDS 2 YEARS TO TERM," Toronto Star. August 15, 1934. Page 34. --- Counsel Pleads He Escaped to Get Evidence for New Trial ---- Joseph Frolick pleaded guilty to a charge of escaping custody before Magistrate R. J. Browne in police court to-day and was sentenced to two years in Portsmouth penitentiary.

Governor Harry Denning of the Don jail testified that Frolick had made good his escape from the jail by jumping over a stone wall.

"Had he missed his jump he would have dashed his brains out in the bottom, 40 feet below," said he. "He did something that'snever been done before.

"He was in the exercise yard and made the break when the guard's back was turned."

Frolick stood at attention as his counsel, Basil Essery. K.C, stood up to address the court. He was conspicious among the other prisoners in the dock because of his light brown suit and bright green tie.

"Immediately after Frolick's conviction at the spring assizes on a charge of shopbreaking, he tried to get in touch with me," begin Mr. Essery.

"I did not go to him, although I have represented him on numerous occasions, because I thought there might not be anything in what he tried to tell me about his right to the new trial.

"Frolick has felt all along that he was wrongfully convicted on a shophreaking charge."

Mr. Essery told his worship that "certain persons whose evidence might or might not be accepted by a court" were able, according to Frolick to testify that the youth was not at "certain places alleged at certain times charged.

"Frolick assured me that he had no intention of breaking out of jail when first sent there," continued Mr. Essery. "He has also assured me that he made his escape obtain the evidence which would ensure him a new trial. "Mr. Denning has strengthened this position by testifying that he made a desperate jump over a 40 foot wall in making the break," he pointed out.

Magistrate Browne turned to Frolick. "What have you to say for yourself, Frolick?" he asked.

"Well, sir, if I had taken your advice years ago I wouldn't have been in trouble now," he said with a troubled look on his face.

"Oh, yes, but you didn't take that advice."

Sentence of 2 years in Portsmouth penitentiary was passed on Frolick, which the bench stated would run consecutively with the five-year sentence in the previous conviction.

Frolick escaped on July 6 custody on when he made his escape over the wall of the Don jail and through the Don valley dressed only in his under-clothing which gave the impression that he was a marathon runner.

He was arrested in a house in Etobicoke township on August 8 when Toronto detectives hemmed him in.

When he went to Shuter St. hotel to get his wife, William Moore allegedly got into an argument which resulted in considerable activity about which he did not remember.

The manager of the hotel declared that Moore started swinging an hall bat early in the proceedings. A heady flow of language com panted the alleged bat-swinging, the manager said, and added that it was not the purest form of English.

"I'm very sorry about this," said Moore, "it won't happen again. A detective testified that he had been called to the scene, but had to sprint to catch the accused.

Moore was fined $10 or fourteen days on a charge of vagrancy.

Goes to Reformatory Morris Tator, found guilty last week of a charge of robbery while armed, was sentenced to-day to 1 year in the Reformatory, plus a 15 months indefinite period.

Tator and a companion allegedly robbed two drugstore messenger boys. In each case, the boys stated at the trial, they were told to bring loose sliver to make change. When they arrived, the men allegedly held them up.

Ralph Wicks, charged with vagrancy, appealed for leniency on the grounds that he is a "highly nervous person."

A police constable testified that he was one of a large group of men and women who were standing at the corner of Phoebe and Soho streets yesterday in connection with a strike in progress at a nearby factory.

The officer stated he saw Wicks throwing sticks and when questioned, he could not give a good account of himself.

"I was standing there with the others," stated Wicks, suddently somebody yelled: 'Here comes the scabs.' I'm a nervous person and so I picked up a stick and threw it."

"Well, you'd better be careful about throwing sticks around," warned the magistrate, and fined him $10 or 10 days.

Face Thirteen Charges A total of 23 charges charges including the theft of an automobile as well as of shopbreaking and receiving were read against five young ton, the oldest of when his age as 21.

Two allegations were made during the course of the hearing that city detectives had used force to statements from the youths.

Charges of theft were faced by Charles Johnston. Maxwell McMahon and Royce Morton. The three allegedly stole an automobile from Matt Sterner. They also, it was alleged, stole a set of automobile markers from another car and used them to disguise the alleged theft.

Constable A. R. Croutch of North Gwillimbury township testified that he had found the three accused near Keswick and had been told they had thrown the original license plates of the car into Lake Simcoe. He tesified that he had recovered them.

Detective McMaster of the Toronto police department stated that when the trio were arrested in the city Johnston made a voluntary statement.

"I never made any statement," professed the accused youth.

Johnston pleaded not guilty to the car theft, while the other two pleaded guilty.

Bruce Morton, brother of Royce, was also charged jointly with Joseph Taylor on two charges of theft of men's suits. Taylor was discharged when identification of the suits could not be made.

Morton was also discharged but Immediately re-charged with the theft of suits from Tip Top cleaners. Also on the same charge is Royce Morton and a third man who has not yet been arrested. This charge will be heard to-morrow.

On the car theft charge, Royce Morton was remanded for sentence until tomorrow. He alleged that Detective McMaster had beat him and knocked him off his chair in forcing him to make a statement.

A long record was read against McMahon. The boy admitted every charge and refused to say anything en his own behalf.

"Are you going to lead this kind of life always?" the magistrate asked him. "You don't seem to have learned much from the past have you? "No, sir, I mean yes, sir," was the even reply.

McMahon was sentenced to one year definite in the reformatory and one year indefinite. "As for you. Jackson," admonished the magistrate, "I think perhaps bad company has had a lot to do with your trouble this time. I'm going to give you a chance." Jackson was placed on suspended sentence and en probation for two years.

A charge of shooting with intent, which was laid against William G. Taylor in July, 1928, was withdrawn to-day after Taylor had surrendered himself to police to clear his name.

[Frolick was 19 at time of conviction, was born in Russia but arrived as a child in 1922 , and was a 'Catholic.' He had three previous terms in the reformatory plus his time in the Toronto jail where he had escaped. He was convict #3518 at Kingston Penitentiary, and spend his first year in segregation. He was eventually placed in the canvas shop, making mailbags, and was released in January 1939. He would be back by 1940.]

[vironicadart]

Ephemeral

As ever, spring arrives in fits and starts. On a sunny day, there seems to be no stopping it: the deep green lawns and fields are bordered with purple, yellow, white, and red. The next day, a cold wind settles in. Up in the grey sky, the branches -- budding, but still empty of leaves -- click and clatter, and the thick limbs groan. A lone goose passes overhead, calling. Where has its flock gone? Out on a wide meadow, a group of crows stand in a circle, quarreling.

Yet, as I noted in my previous post, a threshold has been crossed: the cherry trees have begun to blossom. You may recall, dear readers, that I am wont to visit A. E. Housman at cherry blossom time. To wit: "Loveliest of trees, the cherry now/Is hung with bloom along the bough . . ." But I have been reading Horace's odes recently, so this year a translation by Housman of one of the odes will take the place of my old standby.

Diffugere Nives

The snows are fled away, leaves on the shaws

And grasses in the mead renew their birth,

The river to the river-bed withdraws,

And altered is the fashion of the earth.

The Nymphs and Graces three put off their fear

And unapparelled in the woodland play.

The swift hour and the brief prime of the year

Say to the soul, Thou wast not born for aye.

Thaw follows frost; hard on the heel of spring

Treads summer sure to die, for hard on hers

Comes autumn, with his apples scattering;

Then back to wintertide, when nothing stirs.

But oh, whate'er the sky-led seasons mar,

Moon upon moon rebuilds it with her beams:

Come we where Tullus and where Ancus are,

And good Aeneas, we are dust and dreams.

Torquatus, if the gods in heaven shall add

The morrow to the day, what tongue has told?

Feast then thy heart, for what thy heart has had

The fingers of no heir will ever hold.

When thou descendest once the shades among,

The stern assize and equal judgment o'er,

Not thy long lineage nor thy golden tongue,

No, nor thy righteousness, shall friend thee more.

Night holds Hippolytus the pure of stain,

Diana steads him nothing, he must stay;

And Theseus leaves Pirithoüs in the chain

The love of comrades cannot take away.

A. E. Housman, in Archie Burnett (editor), The Poems of A. E. Housman (Oxford University Press 1997). This is the seventh ode of Book IV of the Odes. "Diffugere nives" are the opening words of Horace's Latin text, and may be translated as "the snow disperses" or "the snow melts."

One can understand why this poem appealed to Housman. There is a lovely anecdote about Housman and the poem. The anecdote has appeared here before, but it is worth revisiting.

"During my time at Cambridge, I attended [Housman's] lectures for two years. At five minutes past 11 he used to walk to the desk, open his manuscript, and begin to read. At the end of the hour he folded his papers and left the room. He never looked either at us or at the row of dons in the front. One morning in May, 1914, when the trees in Cambridge were covered with blossom, he reached in his lecture Ode 7 in Horace's Fourth Book, 'Diffugere nives, redeunt iam gramina campis.' This ode he dissected with the usual display of brilliance, wit, and sarcasm.

"Then for the first time in two years he looked up at us, and in quite a different voice said: 'I should like to spend the last few minutes considering this ode simply as poetry.' Our previous experience of Professor Housman would have made us sure that he would regard such a proceeding as beneath contempt. He read the ode aloud with deep emotion, first in Latin and then in an English translation of his own. 'That,' he said hurriedly, almost like a man betraying a secret, 'I regard as the most beautiful poem in ancient literature,' and walked quickly out of the room.

"A scholar of Trinity (since killed in the War), who walked with me to our next lecture, expressed in undergraduate style our feeling that we had seen something not really meant for us. 'I felt quite uncomfortable,' he said. 'I was afraid the old fellow was going to cry.'"

Mrs. T. W. Pym, Letter to The Times (May 5, 1936), in Richard Gaskin, Horace and Housman (Palgrave Macmillan 2013), page 12.

Gilbert Spencer (1892-1979), "From My Studio" (1959)

The snow has vanished and the cherry blossoms (soon to flutter down in a drift of petals, alas!) have arrived. But this is never the end of "change and chancefulness" (Thomas Hardy, "The Temporary the All"), is it? How could it be otherwise? Why would we expect it to be otherwise? (With the exception, in my case, of wishing to spend Eternity lying in the grass on a never-ending late summer or early autumn afternoon, looking up into the green-leaved, sun-and-shadow-mottled, wind-swaying boughs of a tree.)

Marcus Aurelius has wise words for us: "How ridiculous, and like a stranger is he, who is surprised at any thing which happens in life!" (Marcus Aurelius (translated by Francis Hutcheson and James Moor), Meditations, Book XII, Section 13.) Spring is here. But not for long. Anything is possible.

Kinsale

The kind of rain we knew is a thing of the past --

deep-delving, dark, deliberate you would say,

browsing on spire and bogland; but today

our sky-blue slates are steaming in the sun,

our yachts tinkling and dancing in the bay

like racehorses. We contemplate at last

shining windows, a future forbidden to no one.

Derek Mahon, Collected Poems (The Gallery Press 1999).

Derwent Lees (1885-1931), "Aldbourne" (1915)

Recently, the robins have changed their tune. The flat, matter-of-fact chirping of the short winter days has been replaced by song. From all directions, from out of the fields and the bushes and the trees, come the voices of the unseen singers. The music continues into the night.

Flowers and Moonlight on the Spring River

The evening river is level and motionless --

The spring colours just open to their full.

Suddenly a wave carries the moon away

And the tidal water comes with its freight of stars.

Yang-ti (Seventh Century A.D.) (translated by Arthur Waley), in Arthur Waley, One Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems (Constable 1918), page 92.

Trevor Makinson, "Maryhill Goods Yard"

[dailyunsolvedmysteries]

How did Sarah Stout Die?

On the chilly morning of March 13, 1699, Spencer Cowper, a 29-year-old lawyer, visited Sarah Stout, a rich Quaker heiress, and her family at their home in Hertford, England. Spencer was a long-time family friend. Spencer’s wife had written ahead before he rode to town to let the Stout family know he’d be visiting and attending the Essex spring assizes.

Spencer left the Stout home at 4 p.m. but returned by 9 p.m. Upon his return, Spencer and Sarah visited until approximately 10:30 p.m. Given the late hour, Sarah told the maid, Sarah Walker, to warm Spencer’s bed. After the maid went upstairs to fulfil Sarah’s request, the maid heard a door slam loudly. When the maid returned downstairs, she noticed that Sarah and Spencer had gone out. Worried, the maid sat up all night waiting for Sarah to return.

At roughly 6 a.m. on March 14,1699, Sarah’s lifeless body was found caught in the stakes of the Priory Mill dam. Her body was not bloated, and during her autopsy no water was discovered in her lungs. There was also bruising found around her neck. Spencer and 3 of his associates went to trial for Sarah’s murder. They were eventually acquitted.

Spencer and his legal team argued that he was being framed for Sarah’s murder. They purported Sarah was mentally unbalanced and committed suicide. Rumours started almost immediately after Sarah’s death. Gossip suggested that Sarah was pregnant and jilted by Spencer and took her own life.

The defence insisted Sarah’s parents were actively trying to hide this fact because suicide was considered a heinous act by the Quaker community.  Spencer insisted, “They would rather send four innocent men to the gallows than let it be believed that one who had their light within her had committed suicide.” 

Spencer’s defence was well-planned and thorough. It included the testimony of 7 well-known London doctors. They argued that dry lungs did not necessarily indicate a person did not drown. Also, the prosecution claimed that Spencer owed Sarah money and that this was a motive in her murder. This point was argued away by Spencer. He claimed it was merely a misinterpretation of a mortgage he’d organized purely out of friendship and from which he gained no personal benefit.

However, a key part of the defence’s case was evidence that suggested Sarah was mentally unstable. The defence argued that Sarah had poison in the house because she intended to kill herself. They also located a London shopkeeper who testified that Sarah had admitted she was melancholy. The shopkeeper claimed Sarah mentioned she was in an unhappy love situation and that she would “never live to wear” a gown she was designing. Another acquaintance of Sarah’s also stated that Sarah was melancholy because she was in love with someone who was married.

Spencer’s motives for murdering Sarah were said to be twofold. There was suspicion that Spencer had defrauded Sarah of a substantial sum of money; he was her financial advisor at the time of her death. Moreover, Spencer needed to end an illicit love affair with Sarah and murder was the only way to ensure her silence after their affair ended.

As previously mentioned, forensics played a large role in this case. An initial inquest found that Sarah had committed suicide and drowned herself in the river, likely because she was pregnant. This enraged Sarah’s mother, Mary Stout. Mary had her daughter’s body exhumed and a thorough autopsy was performed.

At the autopsy it was determined Sarah was not pregnant. Her lungs were entirely free from water. This made it very likely that Sarah was dead before she entered the water. Critically, there was bruising around her neck indicating Sarah had been strangled. Also, it was reiterated that Sarah’s body hadn’t been bloated when it was discovered. Experts at the trial testified bloating was common in drowning cases.

After the autopsy findings, Spencer and 3 of his associates were charged with Sarah’s murder. The accomplices were John Marson, Ellis Stevens, and William Rogers, two lawyers and a scrivener who Spencer knew through his work as a lawyer. It was argued at trial that when the men were asked if they knew of Sarah’s whereabouts, they said that their “friend” was “even with her by now” and that Sarah’s “courting days were over.” The 3 men also had a large sum of money with them, and one witness testified they said they could now spend the money because their “business was done.” Witnesses also claimed that the men had wet shoes, a rope in their baggage, and an unexplained bundle of clothes (Sarah’s body was missing some over garments). At the trial, however, the evidence against Spencer’s associates was considered circumstantial and unreliable.

Sarah’s death remains a controversial mystery to this day.

[whatdoesshedotothem]

Saturday 28 March 1835

8 10

11 ¾

no kiss  fine morning - F45° at 8 55 at which hour breakfast - out from 9 ½ to near 12 with the 3 Manns, John, Robert and Joseph and stood talking to them while they drank their beer in the upper kitchen till 12 10 - went up to Walker Pit to see what Pickells should do at Gin race - they had staked out the line of gall or jumble running thro’ Conery wood and the direction of water level and went to see the stakes - then came down to the draw well and they drew out the cover over on the top of it the line of water lever - north and south and east and west board of the coal - the line of gall or trouble, and of the drift we are driving up to Walker pit - drew out also the lines of due north south east and west - and we talked over the chances of getting more water by driving another drift to cross the gall lower down in the coal bed and thus get more dib and more sipe of water

our present drift (up to Walker pit) is from mouth to vent-pit 43 yards (i.e. from mouth to where we begin driving in the drift band 43 yards) Distance from Drift-mouth to where the drift crosses the fall 77+43 = 120 yards

no water till after driving some distance in the drift band and not much till after crossing the gall

our present fire run (that not forced i.e. running quietly as it does will fill a 2in. bore pipe)

found at the back of the gall - Breadth of gall =

from gall to getting out of dirt band about 140 yards

From getting out of dirt band to walker pit about 35 yards .:. no water or very little being found till we get behind the gall, we drove 120 yards before getting the water -

The Manns think I should get as much more water by crossing the gall at a lower point in the coal stratum, and driving behind the gall about 200 yards - it would be best to set in above the present drift on a level with the sycamore standing at the end of the walk on this side of the road beyond the well under the great sycamore - we should be at the gall in about 100 yards and then should drive 200 yards farther this water would come in at a level 7ft. higher than the water from the present drift - if we want the present water to come out (for the sake of going to the house) at a higher level must drive a cross drift 45 to 50 yards long – if I take the upper bed water off in a goit to Mytholm engine pit, John Mann thinks I shall have very little water to lift, that I shall have plenty of power to spare - this would suit me - I might get enough for a mill for Aquilla Green? mem.  he wants 20 horse power to turn 3 pair of stones - much talk about the tail goit from Engine pit - Robert Mann agrees with me, it should be wide in proportion to the width of the wheel

SH:7/ML/E/18/0009

- a 3ft. 6in. goit not enough for a 6ft. wide wheel - more likely a 5ft. wide goit - should be 30in. high - then suppose 2ft. 6in. high by 5ft. wide at bottom with good rag covers 5 or 6 in. thick and a good rag bottoms 3 to 4 in. thick and 6ft. 6in. long - this would make a better job than walling and arching near the surface - would be about 100 yards of this and the other 60 would be a common drift merely want a little arching near the Engine pit and wheel - Stocks advertising a drift and a pit to let, meaning to loose Swaine’s coal - the Manns will push on with Walker pit - may bottom it by the end of July - I want to be ready for next spring York assizes, that I may know what to do about Spiggs etc - sat talking to A- from 12 10 to 12 50 then till 1 35/60 wrote the above of today - then wrote as follows to ‘Mr James Holt, High Roydes’ - ‘Shibden Hall Saturday 28 March 1835 Sir, there are some difficulties about my getting stone at the Hipperholme quarry, in consequence of which I shall be obliged to you to stop putting out the handbills, as agreed -  Do not splice a rope for Walker pit - you had better order another new one of Crapper - I am sir etc etc A Lister’. Had Mrs Waterhouse from 1 ¾ to 2 ½ - she called upon A- and me and to collect some subscriptions from Marian - could not get A- or me to give anything except A-‘s subscription of a sovereign a year to the National schools - gave my note, as above, to George to take to the Woolpack, but if Holt should not be there, to  take the note to High Roydes - out with A- at 3 ¼ along the walk and Lower brea and Leeds and Whitehall roads and up A-‘s Lidgate fields into Bramley Lane to see Robert Schofield and his man finishing A-‘s new walling there - some time with them - in returning turned down Stony Lane to Mytholm - Throp and junior and his man had been there sowing peas - but gone at 5 ¼ -  A- and I staid a little while looking about - home at 5  ¾ - Had Pickells - he said Washington had some interest of his own in wishing me to have stones from A-‘s Hipperholme quarry - said I had given up the idea - Talk about the trail-goit P- says he will do it at 2/. a yard as far it as an open goit i.e. up to the driving - said I would think about it - Holt had let it once over to the Manns - (let it to wall and arch at 4/6 per yard) - P- would take the dam to do - says Mawson says he is to have all my work - he (Mawson) and Washington join at jobs - SW values them - M- takes them and they go shares underhand - not improbable - SW offended for something or other at P- said I would let the dam by ticket nobody knowing the biddings but Mr Parker and myself - would not bind myself to take the highest bidder - would let the job myself to whom I chose - Dinner at 6 ½ - coffee - came upstairs at 7 40 - read today’s Halifax Guardian wrote the last 13 lines till 8 40 then read the London paper morning Herald till 9 55 -  Had had Pickells at 8 ¾ for a few minutes - brought very civil note from Mr Appleyard to say that Messrs. Henry Bates and son of Washer lane made his wheel 40ft. diameter by 4ft. 6in. wide and Mr Illingworth coal-owner superintended the working of the mine - fine day - F     now at 10 pm  

[annelisterofhalifax]

More measurements,Coal and Water

Sat[urday] 28

8.10

11 3/4

No kiss Fine morn[in]g F 45° AT 8.55 at w[hi]ch h[ou]r br[eak]f[a]st. Out fr[om] 9 1/2 to n[ea]r 12 w[i]th the 3 Manns

John, Rob[er]t and Joseph and stood talk[in]g to t[he]m whi[le] th[e]y drank t[hei]r beer in the upper kitchen

till 12.10. W[e]nt up to Walker pit to see wh[a]t Pickells sh[oul]d do at gin race, they h[a]d staked

out the line of gall or jumble running thro[ugh] conery wood and the direct[io]n of wat[e]r level and w[e]nt

to see the stakes. T[he]n ca[me] d[o]wn to the draw well, and they drew out the cover even on the top of it the line of

wat[e]r lev[e]l. N[or]th and South and East and West board of the coal, the line of gall or trouble

and of the drift we are driv[in]g up to Walker pit. Drew out als[o], the lines of due N[or]th, S[ou]th East

and West and we talk[e]d ov[e]r the chances of gett[in]g mo[re] wat[e]r by driv[in]g anoth[e]r drift to

cross the gall low[e]r d[o]wn in the coal bed, and t[he]n get mo[re] [dri]v]e and mo[re] sipe [drain] of water.

**  Our pres[en]t drift up to Walker pit, is fr[om] mouth to vent-pit 43 y[ar]ds

     i.e fr[om] m[ou]th to where we begin driv[in]g in the dirt band 43 y[ar]ds,

    Dist[an]ce fr[om] Drift- mouth to where the drift crosses the gall 77 + 43 = 120 y[ar]ds

     no wat[e]r till aft[e]r driv[in]g so[me] dist[an]ce in the dirt band and n[o]t m[u]ch till aft[e]r cross[in]g the gall  

    our pres[en]t  free run, t[ha]t  n[o]t forced i.e [that is]  runn[in]g quiet[l]y as it does, will fill a 2 in[ch] bore pipe,

    f[ou]nd at the back of the gall. Br[ea]dth of gall =

    Fr[om] gall to gett[in]g out of dirt band ab[ou]t 140 y[ar]ds

    Fr[om] gett[in]g out of dirt band to Walker pit ab[ou]t 35 y[ar]ds ∴ no wat[e]r or ver[y] lit[tle] being

    f[ou]nd till we g[e]t behind the gall we drove 120 y[ar]ds bef[ore] gett[in]g the wat[e]r.

The Manns th[in]k I sh[oul]d get as m[u]ch mo[re] wat[e]r by cross[in]g the gall at a low[e]r point in the coal

stratum and driv[in]g behind the gall ab[ou]t 200 y[ar]ds. It w[oul]d be best to set in ab[o]ve the pres[en]t

drift on a lev[e]l w[i]th the sycam[ore] stand[in]g at the end of the wall on t[hi]s side of the r[oa]d bey[on]d the well

und[e]r the gr[ea]t sycam[ore]. We sh[oul]d be at the gall in ab[ou]t 100 y[ar]ds and t[he]n sh[oul]d dri[ve] 200 y[ar]ds farth[e]r.

Th[i]s wat[e]r w[oul]d co[me] in at a level 7 f[ee]t high[e]r t[ha]n the wat[e]r fr[om] the pres[en]t drift, if we want

the pres[en]t wat[e]r to co[me] out for the sake of go[in]g to the house, at a high[e]r lev[e]l m[u]st drive

a cross drift 45 to 50 y[ar]ds long. If I ta[ke] the upp[e]r bed wat[e]r off in a goit to

Mytholm engine pit, John Mann th[in]ks I shall ha[ve] ver[y] lit[tle] wat[e]r  to lift, t[ha]t I shall ha[ve]

plenty of pow[e]r to spare, t[hi]s w[oul]d suit me. I m[i]ght get en[ou]gh for a mill for Aquilla

Green?  rem[ember] he wants 20 horse pow[e]r to turn 3 p[ai]r of stones. M[u]ch talk ab[ou]t

the tail goit fr[om] engine pit. Rob[er]t Mann agrees w[i]th me, it sh[oul]d be wide in proport[io]n to the

+ - reference to literary text   * - original was pencil drawn and written  V- Visit  ** - Walker pit drift obs[erved] on gett[in]g mo]re wat[e]r

1835 M[ar]ch width of the wheel, a 3 f[ee]t 6 in[ches] goint n[o]t en[ou]gh for a 6 f[ee]t wide wheel, mo[re] like[l]y a 5 f[ee]t wide goit, sh[oul]d be 30 in[ches] high. T[he]n suppo[se] 2 f[ee]t 6 in[ches] high by 5 f[ee]t wide at bot[tom] w[i]th good rag cov[e]r 5 or 6 in[ches] thick and good rag bottoms 3 to 4 in[ches] thick and 6 f[ee]t 6 in[ches] long. T[hi]s w[oul]d ma[ke] a bet[ter] job t[ha]n wall[in]g and arch[in]g near the surf[a]ce. W[oul]d be ab[ou]t 100 y[ar]ds of t[hi]s and the *  oth[e]r 60 w[oul]d be a com[mon] drift mere[l]y want a lit[tle] arch[in]g n[ea]r the engine pit and wheel. Stocks advertis[in]g a drift and pit to let, mean[in]g to loose Swaine’s coal. The Manns will push on w[i]th Walker pit, may bot[tom] it by the end of July. I want to be ready for next Spring York assizes, t[ha]t I may kn[ow] wh[a]t to do ab[ou]ts Spiggs etc. Sat talk[in]g to A-[Ann] fr[om] 12.10 to 12.50 t[he]n till 1.35 wr[ote] the ab[ov]e of the day N t[he]n wr[ote] as foll[ow]s to ‘Mr Ja[me]s Holt, High Roydes’ Shibd[e]n Hall D=Sat[urday] 28 M[ar]ch 1835. Sir ‘ The[re] are so[me] diffic[ultie]s ab[ou]t my gett[in]g stone at the Hipper[holm] quarry, in conseq[uen]ce of w[hi]ch I shall be ‘ oblig[e]d to you to stop putt[in]g out the handbills as agreed. Do n[o]t splice a rope for Walker pit ‘ you h[a]d bet[ter] ord[e]r anoth[e]r new one of Crapper. I am sinc[erely] etc etc etc A Lister’ Had Vc Mrs Wat[er]h[ou]se fr[om] 1 3/4 to 2 1/2, she call[e]d up[on] A-[Ann] and me and to collect so[me] subcript[io]n fr[om] Mar[ia]n, c[oul]d n[o]t get A-[Ann] or me to gi[ve] h[e]r an[y]th[in]g exc[ept] A-s [Anns] subs[cripti]on of a 100 g[uinea]s a y[ea]r to the  national schools. Ga[ve] my no[te], as ab[ov]e, to Geo[rge] to ta[ke] to the Woolpack, b[u]t if Holt sh[oul]d n[o]t be t[he]re, to ta[ke] the note to High Roydes. Out w[i]th A-[Ann] at 3 1/4 al[on]g the walk and Low[e]r brea and Leeds and Whitehall r[oa]ds and up A-s [Ann’s] Lidg[a]te f[iel]ds int[o] Bramley Lane to see Rob[er]t Schof[iel]d, this man finish[in]g A-s[Ann’s] new wall[in]g t[he]re. So[me] ti[me] w[i]th t[he]m, in ret[urnin]g turn[e]d d[o]wn Stony Lane to Mytholm. Thorp and jun[io]r and his man h[a]d been t[he]re sow[in]g peas, b[u]t gone at 5 1/4. A-[Ann] and I st[oo]d a lit[tle] whi[le] look[in]g ab[ou]t. Ho[me] at 5 3/4, h[a]d Pickells. He s[ai]d Washingt[o]n h[a]d so[me] int[ere]st of his own in wish[in]g me to ha[ve] stones fr[om] A-s [Ann’s] Hipperholm quarry. S[ai]d I h[a]d **  N   giv[e]n up the idea. Talk ab[ou]t the Tail-goit, P- [Pickells says he will do it at 2/. [shillings] a y[ar]d as far as it is an op[e]n goit i.e. up to the driv[in]g, s[ai]d I w[oul]d th[in]k ab[ou]t it. Holt h[a]d let it once ov[e]r to the Manns, let it to wall and arch at 4/6 p[e]r y[ar]d. P- [Pickells] w[ould] ta[ke] the dam to do, says Mawson says he is to ha[ve] all the work, he, Mawson and Washingt[o]n join at jobs. S.W [Samuel Washington] val[ue]d t[he]m, M-[Mawson] ta[ke]s t[he]m and they go shares und[er] ha[a]nd – n[o]t improb[able]. S.W [Samuel Washington] offend[e]d for so[me]th[in]g or oth[e]r at P- [Pickells].  S[ai]d I w[oul]d let the dam by tick[e]t nobod[y] know[in]g the bidd[in]gs b[u]t Mr Parker and mys[elf]. W[oul]d n[o]t bind mys[elf] to ta[ke] the high[e]st bidder. W[oul]d let the job mys[elf] to wh[o]m I chose. Din[ner] at 6 1/2, coff[ee], ca[me] up st[ai]rs at 7.40 r[ea]d today’s H-X [Halifax] guardian, wr[ote]the last 13 lines till 8.40 t[he]n r[ea]d the Lond[on] pap[e]r morn[in]g Herald N   till 9.55. h[a]d h[a]d Pickells at 8 3/4 for a few min[ute]s, br[i]ght ver[y] civ[i]l no[te] fr[om] Appleyard to say t[ha]t mess[e]rs Hen[r]y Bates and son of Washerlane made his wheel 40 f[ee]t diam[ete]r by 4 f[ee]t 6 in[ches] wide and Mr Illingworth coal-owner superintend[e]d the work[in]g of the mine. Fine day F now at 10 p.m * - Tail goit  N – Note Vc – Visit **-Tail goit vid[e] 

[askjenetiakrole]

You have met them, yes, this Emperor's deadly new toys? His mutilated half-men and his soulless women, his gilded homunculi and blinded warp-speakers? Do you think them human then? Are they any less monstrous for a shape familiar to the eye? I think not. All this devilry of gene-craft and forbidden alchemy, do you think it somehow clean simply because it is worked by your self-effacing godhead-in-denial? And what ancient broken vault or bloody laboratory-prison did he - most monstrous of all - spring from? Or do you yet believe his whispered lies of immortality and pre-genesis? You would condemn me for my sins of reason and invention, but it is my eyes which see clearly you wish to blind. I damn you; I damn you all to the future hell which you already run to embrace like a lover.

Testimony of the technoarchaeologist Synecius Thorn in the Court of the Emperor’s Assizes c.M30 (The Horus Heresy Book Seven: Inferno)

[funight]

Jerusalem became law for the empire

The assize of Jerusalem became law for the empire, though an attempt was made to preserve a portion at least of the old Roman administration, including the application of the Roman law of Justinian as preserved in his capital. There was, however, little chance that the new Western system of organization could work harmoniously with the ancient Roman administration which had lasted in Romania. Such chance as there might otherwise have been was destroyed by forces outside the empire. The same causes which had weakened the dominion of the Byzantine rulers began to operate against the Crusaders, and rendered them so feeble that instead of being able, as they had fondly believed, to use the strength of Romania against the Saracens, they had to implore aid from the West to enable them to hold what they had conquered.

Latins at Mosynopolis

The deposed emperor, Alexis the Third, and Alexis the Fifth, or Mourtzouphlos, were, at the time of the occupation, still at large. The latter was captured by the Latins at Mosynopolis, was brought to Constantinople, and was thrown from the column of Theodosios. Alexis the Third was captured and sent to Boniface, who held him as a prisoner, and gave to Philip the satisfaction of stating how lie should be disposed of.

The Moslems were at first greatly alarmed at the capture of the city which to them was still the world’s capital, was still Rome. In their first alarm even Malek Adel hastened to conclude a truce of six years with Cardinals Peter Capuane and Soffred; but he and his so-called religionists soon recovered from the shock of the conquest. Constantinople had drawn away Crusaders from Palestine instead of adding to their number. The Western soldiers, including even many of the Templars, took the opportunity of leaving Syria in order to share in the wealth which was offered them in Constantinople.

The natural result followed. The truce was broken, and Is- lamism soon came into possession of territory which had been held for many years by the Christians. Though Innocent profoundly regretted this result, he was forced to acquiesce in it, and even to authorize Baldwin to retain the Crusaders in Constantinople whom he had previously ordered to leave for the Holy Land. In the spring of 1205 the new emperor was attacked by Greeks, Bulgarians, and Comans, and it was in one of these attacks that the latter succeeded in luring a considerable body of Crusaders into an ambuscade, where they killed three hundred knights, captured the emperor, and took him prisoner to Tirnova. It was at this very time that the great body of Venetians, amounting to 7000, left Constantinople.

[lifestylebiljina]

Jerusalem became law for the empire

The assize of Jerusalem became law for the empire, though an attempt was made to preserve a portion at least of the old Roman administration, including the application of the Roman law of Justinian as preserved in his capital. There was, however, little chance that the new Western system of organization could work harmoniously with the ancient Roman administration which had lasted in Romania. Such chance as there might otherwise have been was destroyed by forces outside the empire. The same causes which had weakened the dominion of the Byzantine rulers began to operate against the Crusaders, and rendered them so feeble that instead of being able, as they had fondly believed, to use the strength of Romania against the Saracens, they had to implore aid from the West to enable them to hold what they had conquered.

Latins at Mosynopolis

The deposed emperor, Alexis the Third, and Alexis the Fifth, or Mourtzouphlos, were, at the time of the occupation, still at large. The latter was captured by the Latins at Mosynopolis, was brought to Constantinople, and was thrown from the column of Theodosios. Alexis the Third was captured and sent to Boniface, who held him as a prisoner, and gave to Philip the satisfaction of stating how lie should be disposed of.

The Moslems were at first greatly alarmed at the capture of the city which to them was still the world’s capital, was still Rome. In their first alarm even Malek Adel hastened to conclude a truce of six years with Cardinals Peter Capuane and Soffred; but he and his so-called religionists soon recovered from the shock of the conquest. Constantinople had drawn away Crusaders from Palestine instead of adding to their number. The Western soldiers, including even many of the Templars, took the opportunity of leaving Syria in order to share in the wealth which was offered them in Constantinople.

The natural result followed. The truce was broken, and Is- lamism soon came into possession of territory which had been held for many years by the Christians. Though Innocent profoundly regretted this result, he was forced to acquiesce in it, and even to authorize Baldwin to retain the Crusaders in Constantinople whom he had previously ordered to leave for the Holy Land. In the spring of 1205 the new emperor was attacked by Greeks, Bulgarians, and Comans, and it was in one of these attacks that the latter succeeded in luring a considerable body of Crusaders into an ambuscade, where they killed three hundred knights, captured the emperor, and took him prisoner to Tirnova. It was at this very time that the great body of Venetians, amounting to 7000, left Constantinople.

[libidomechanica]

Ll neer for

—Not just once, an eye, and from the morning but     vulnerable Knight, and God shape the child, and all perdue; for what the same. Extending upon     that times that all’s ideal—all ouercast,

by the sunbeam strike his Curse. To all the marks     the lark has part, yet so find the Pow’r again, who through sealed into thy look’d in brings I     have listening but a whim. For some Wolfe

thy pre-existinguish’d Pow’r for this twistinguish     twixt the false, ring watery glass made to sing better belts of her Earth: and earnestly     round where to suite in his head, with the

human ties, whole creep, and she did pretty maid. And     lacke of deep self, I trow, and nights. The woman is, that tare earnestly round. These ruined     hour in ridge, on she letters, as an

aspire of bright to green. The sound, a soul just me,     that Gaudy Flower looked round. Beneath him; we had not the doubts that alp.—And if the human     common ruin Kings are the Judge.

Which the giddy Jews tread breaks his little child, as     over they flowers. And so my plunging flow, but in pure, by no more: too common Name     anew,—yon look’d on: if there, look! The

Goddess cry’d: o cruel fellowship of timely, not     separate ministering golden pits: ’twas before the mind! Nothing else, sung by yon gate which     the noise of his temple here sinners

raise refuse of travel son or where to go to     play there, from off his shot in any spark. But where—oh, when Healths and Take when Healthsmen, and     the Solymæan Rout; well Verst of dust

burn to sleeping its way, fretted turn thee so far     unable tongue, althoughts of weathers had places and me.-—So I stay; true love ask, and     possession; here walks, may not come like

cloud in Humane Laws. Gives in air; the drearily     watcher’s face, a little strange, no soon unriddled. Her head, whose fault of change my second     self, so dear to meeting hamlets fast

assizes keep, and makes former day! Please, with waking     me best whim, seem’d, to fyll then changed; and think of you. Gives are; talk back on summer’s skull     showed that I sing this weak, it seem

Constitution short Story an Inner Meaning on     the glory into thy Harím Dividuality: how light: in self-same lawn, the cannot     keep it sweet, ’ and fitted Israel’s

monarch, after nine daies the sky. Or who saith the     lucid wombs: throbs of perfect Beauty to the doubt not, but bright Cecilia shine from the     flows its progenies is kindred with

joy, where he might a rake: men, some who once and, oh,     the burning fresh from the nations be few, the bliss. Love, that long Devotion, and thrift and     learnest glances on their Arms may pardon,

O my America! That in my eyes be     lov’d ideas, who so for the furrowes trick to that rises ere I did not even     if spring his use may be, ere

twere gone for pity and circuits of grace; for thin     potation one again the hollow out, Oh hear and yet that he drank thereof the sorts     of man; so think of that I may not

why, nor will be no further. In the eye; what my     rugged rocks, nor the next Successfull Youth ended, green; and, hovers bow, new Formes, and     harass’d in the Hall together drown

all her disk of your searching sing. Who, when Hope and     Humane Laws should fall, to profitable tongues shall command the People of the Power     each bring thing: ye never stars as years

its round a welcome, I will not yet has been malt     liquors exchange over Sinaï’s pealing door, and weep each the quiet even if every     body to designated great.

[dreamfoodbg]

Jerusalem became law for the empire

The assize of Jerusalem became law for the empire, though an attempt was made to preserve a portion at least of the old Roman administration, including the application of the Roman law of Justinian as preserved in his capital. There was, however, little chance that the new Western system of organization could work harmoniously with the ancient Roman administration which had lasted in Romania. Such chance as there might otherwise have been was destroyed by forces outside the empire. The same causes which had weakened the dominion of the Byzantine rulers began to operate against the Crusaders, and rendered them so feeble that instead of being able, as they had fondly believed, to use the strength of Romania against the Saracens, they had to implore aid from the West to enable them to hold what they had conquered.

Latins at Mosynopolis

The deposed emperor, Alexis the Third, and Alexis the Fifth, or Mourtzouphlos, were, at the time of the occupation, still at large. The latter was captured by the Latins at Mosynopolis, was brought to Constantinople, and was thrown from the column of Theodosios. Alexis the Third was captured and sent to Boniface, who held him as a prisoner, and gave to Philip the satisfaction of stating how lie should be disposed of.

The Moslems were at first greatly alarmed at the capture of the city which to them was still the world’s capital, was still Rome. In their first alarm even Malek Adel hastened to conclude a truce of six years with Cardinals Peter Capuane and Soffred; but he and his so-called religionists soon recovered from the shock of the conquest. Constantinople had drawn away Crusaders from Palestine instead of adding to their number. The Western soldiers, including even many of the Templars, took the opportunity of leaving Syria in order to share in the wealth which was offered them in Constantinople.

The natural result followed. The truce was broken, and Is- lamism soon came into possession of territory which had been held for many years by the Christians. Though Innocent profoundly regretted this result, he was forced to acquiesce in it, and even to authorize Baldwin to retain the Crusaders in Constantinople whom he had previously ordered to leave for the Holy Land. In the spring of 1205 the new emperor was attacked by Greeks, Bulgarians, and Comans, and it was in one of these attacks that the latter succeeded in luring a considerable body of Crusaders into an ambuscade, where they killed three hundred knights, captured the emperor, and took him prisoner to Tirnova. It was at this very time that the great body of Venetians, amounting to 7000, left Constantinople.

[lifestival]

Jerusalem became law for the empire

The assize of Jerusalem became law for the empire, though an attempt was made to preserve a portion at least of the old Roman administration, including the application of the Roman law of Justinian as preserved in his capital. There was, however, little chance that the new Western system of organization could work harmoniously with the ancient Roman administration which had lasted in Romania. Such chance as there might otherwise have been was destroyed by forces outside the empire. The same causes which had weakened the dominion of the Byzantine rulers began to operate against the Crusaders, and rendered them so feeble that instead of being able, as they had fondly believed, to use the strength of Romania against the Saracens, they had to implore aid from the West to enable them to hold what they had conquered.

Latins at Mosynopolis

The deposed emperor, Alexis the Third, and Alexis the Fifth, or Mourtzouphlos, were, at the time of the occupation, still at large. The latter was captured by the Latins at Mosynopolis, was brought to Constantinople, and was thrown from the column of Theodosios. Alexis the Third was captured and sent to Boniface, who held him as a prisoner, and gave to Philip the satisfaction of stating how lie should be disposed of.

The Moslems were at first greatly alarmed at the capture of the city which to them was still the world’s capital, was still Rome. In their first alarm even Malek Adel hastened to conclude a truce of six years with Cardinals Peter Capuane and Soffred; but he and his so-called religionists soon recovered from the shock of the conquest. Constantinople had drawn away Crusaders from Palestine instead of adding to their number. The Western soldiers, including even many of the Templars, took the opportunity of leaving Syria in order to share in the wealth which was offered them in Constantinople.

The natural result followed. The truce was broken, and Is- lamism soon came into possession of territory which had been held for many years by the Christians. Though Innocent profoundly regretted this result, he was forced to acquiesce in it, and even to authorize Baldwin to retain the Crusaders in Constantinople whom he had previously ordered to leave for the Holy Land. In the spring of 1205 the new emperor was attacked by Greeks, Bulgarians, and Comans, and it was in one of these attacks that the latter succeeded in luring a considerable body of Crusaders into an ambuscade, where they killed three hundred knights, captured the emperor, and took him prisoner to Tirnova. It was at this very time that the great body of Venetians, amounting to 7000, left Constantinople.

[foodbulgaria]

Jerusalem became law for the empire

The assize of Jerusalem became law for the empire, though an attempt was made to preserve a portion at least of the old Roman administration, including the application of the Roman law of Justinian as preserved in his capital. There was, however, little chance that the new Western system of organization could work harmoniously with the ancient Roman administration which had lasted in Romania. Such chance as there might otherwise have been was destroyed by forces outside the empire. The same causes which had weakened the dominion of the Byzantine rulers began to operate against the Crusaders, and rendered them so feeble that instead of being able, as they had fondly believed, to use the strength of Romania against the Saracens, they had to implore aid from the West to enable them to hold what they had conquered.

Latins at Mosynopolis

The deposed emperor, Alexis the Third, and Alexis the Fifth, or Mourtzouphlos, were, at the time of the occupation, still at large. The latter was captured by the Latins at Mosynopolis, was brought to Constantinople, and was thrown from the column of Theodosios. Alexis the Third was captured and sent to Boniface, who held him as a prisoner, and gave to Philip the satisfaction of stating how lie should be disposed of.

The Moslems were at first greatly alarmed at the capture of the city which to them was still the world’s capital, was still Rome. In their first alarm even Malek Adel hastened to conclude a truce of six years with Cardinals Peter Capuane and Soffred; but he and his so-called religionists soon recovered from the shock of the conquest. Constantinople had drawn away Crusaders from Palestine instead of adding to their number. The Western soldiers, including even many of the Templars, took the opportunity of leaving Syria in order to share in the wealth which was offered them in Constantinople.

The natural result followed. The truce was broken, and Is- lamism soon came into possession of territory which had been held for many years by the Christians. Though Innocent profoundly regretted this result, he was forced to acquiesce in it, and even to authorize Baldwin to retain the Crusaders in Constantinople whom he had previously ordered to leave for the Holy Land. In the spring of 1205 the new emperor was attacked by Greeks, Bulgarians, and Comans, and it was in one of these attacks that the latter succeeded in luring a considerable body of Crusaders into an ambuscade, where they killed three hundred knights, captured the emperor, and took him prisoner to Tirnova. It was at this very time that the great body of Venetians, amounting to 7000, left Constantinople.

[lifestylexpert]

Jerusalem became law for the empire

The assize of Jerusalem became law for the empire, though an attempt was made to preserve a portion at least of the old Roman administration, including the application of the Roman law of Justinian as preserved in his capital. There was, however, little chance that the new Western system of organization could work harmoniously with the ancient Roman administration which had lasted in Romania. Such chance as there might otherwise have been was destroyed by forces outside the empire. The same causes which had weakened the dominion of the Byzantine rulers began to operate against the Crusaders, and rendered them so feeble that instead of being able, as they had fondly believed, to use the strength of Romania against the Saracens, they had to implore aid from the West to enable them to hold what they had conquered.

Latins at Mosynopolis

The deposed emperor, Alexis the Third, and Alexis the Fifth, or Mourtzouphlos, were, at the time of the occupation, still at large. The latter was captured by the Latins at Mosynopolis, was brought to Constantinople, and was thrown from the column of Theodosios. Alexis the Third was captured and sent to Boniface, who held him as a prisoner, and gave to Philip the satisfaction of stating how lie should be disposed of.

The Moslems were at first greatly alarmed at the capture of the city which to them was still the world’s capital, was still Rome. In their first alarm even Malek Adel hastened to conclude a truce of six years with Cardinals Peter Capuane and Soffred; but he and his so-called religionists soon recovered from the shock of the conquest. Constantinople had drawn away Crusaders from Palestine instead of adding to their number. The Western soldiers, including even many of the Templars, took the opportunity of leaving Syria in order to share in the wealth which was offered them in Constantinople.

The natural result followed. The truce was broken, and Is- lamism soon came into possession of territory which had been held for many years by the Christians. Though Innocent profoundly regretted this result, he was forced to acquiesce in it, and even to authorize Baldwin to retain the Crusaders in Constantinople whom he had previously ordered to leave for the Holy Land. In the spring of 1205 the new emperor was attacked by Greeks, Bulgarians, and Comans, and it was in one of these attacks that the latter succeeded in luring a considerable body of Crusaders into an ambuscade, where they killed three hundred knights, captured the emperor, and took him prisoner to Tirnova. It was at this very time that the great body of Venetians, amounting to 7000, left Constantinople.

[healthlytravel]

Jerusalem became law for the empire

The assize of Jerusalem became law for the empire, though an attempt was made to preserve a portion at least of the old Roman administration, including the application of the Roman law of Justinian as preserved in his capital. There was, however, little chance that the new Western system of organization could work harmoniously with the ancient Roman administration which had lasted in Romania. Such chance as there might otherwise have been was destroyed by forces outside the empire. The same causes which had weakened the dominion of the Byzantine rulers began to operate against the Crusaders, and rendered them so feeble that instead of being able, as they had fondly believed, to use the strength of Romania against the Saracens, they had to implore aid from the West to enable them to hold what they had conquered.

Latins at Mosynopolis

The deposed emperor, Alexis the Third, and Alexis the Fifth, or Mourtzouphlos, were, at the time of the occupation, still at large. The latter was captured by the Latins at Mosynopolis, was brought to Constantinople, and was thrown from the column of Theodosios. Alexis the Third was captured and sent to Boniface, who held him as a prisoner, and gave to Philip the satisfaction of stating how lie should be disposed of.

The Moslems were at first greatly alarmed at the capture of the city which to them was still the world’s capital, was still Rome. In their first alarm even Malek Adel hastened to conclude a truce of six years with Cardinals Peter Capuane and Soffred; but he and his so-called religionists soon recovered from the shock of the conquest. Constantinople had drawn away Crusaders from Palestine instead of adding to their number. The Western soldiers, including even many of the Templars, took the opportunity of leaving Syria in order to share in the wealth which was offered them in Constantinople.

The natural result followed. The truce was broken, and Is- lamism soon came into possession of territory which had been held for many years by the Christians. Though Innocent profoundly regretted this result, he was forced to acquiesce in it, and even to authorize Baldwin to retain the Crusaders in Constantinople whom he had previously ordered to leave for the Holy Land. In the spring of 1205 the new emperor was attacked by Greeks, Bulgarians, and Comans, and it was in one of these attacks that the latter succeeded in luring a considerable body of Crusaders into an ambuscade, where they killed three hundred knights, captured the emperor, and took him prisoner to Tirnova. It was at this very time that the great body of Venetians, amounting to 7000, left Constantinople.