#rohde & schwarz

[antronaut]

Oscilloscopes

[ptiautiste]

Finally...

I was looking for a really good shortwave receiver for at least a decade -an old tube equipped one of course. The problem getting one nowadays is that they were only produced in small numbers half a century (or more) ago, since then most are scrapped, botched, altered or corroded cause of bad storage -or all together. So if you have the chance getting one today you most likely will buy a 'construction site', needing hundreds of working hours for restoring it in a good working condition.

But after a looong search finally i had real luck. A big wooden crate was delivered on a pallet.

In this crate was one of the -for my opinion- ugliest shortwave receivers ever built, but at the same time also one of the best ones: a Rohde + Schwarz EK07.

Built in 1958 this one was a storage unit from the German Army. Well stored, regularly maintained and serviced, not altered, not botched, never used. So it is in nearly mint condition. It wasn't cheap but getting my hands on this was just sheer luck. Without doing anything: it's in perfect working order. No potentiometer, no switch crackles, every tube checks new -of course you can check all the tubes in the radio itself without removing them.

The manufacturer is more known for it's precision Lab-Equipment and less for it's shortwave receivers. This is also because their receivers weren't consumer or amateur gear, this was pro gear by any means. They were used in applications like coast guards or military surveillance and such. Always things where equipment costs doesn't matter -only the outcome. So back in 1958 when this unit was manufactured you could buy at least two brand new cars for the same amount of money. In exchange for this you got a masterpiece of german engineering and craftsmanship -and also an electro-mechanical nightmare if anything fails and you're not absolutely familiar with it's guts.

Fancy? No, there's absolutely nothing fancy on these. These are absolute workhorses, designed for doing an important job 24/7/365 for decades. Just take a look to that bandswich gear in the photo above. How often you have to switch over the bands until this would be worn out? Millions and Millions of times... And nope: this dark residues at that drum on the left and box below isn't mold or such. These are completely silver plated so it's just the darkened silver.

As you may see, most of the structural parts are made of die-cast and aluminum, so from the materials used it's relatively light weight. But all that built-in sturdiness and shielding adds up to staggering 147lbs/67kg. It's only a receiver, not a transmitter or a power amplifier.

Tubes... and more tubes

If you're not familiar with tube radios: your average AM (and shortwave) Radio from the 50's or 60's used 4 tubes (without the rectifier if this was a tube). Your trusty Hammarlund or Yaesu shortwave receiver from that time would have somewhat from 8 to 12 tubes -and these were quite good and sensitive receivers! This Rohde + Schwarz counts 28 tubes.

Some tubes here, some there, all fully shielded. But why the hell that much? The answer is quite simple: stability. On every count. Constant and stable gain over all bands and for a looong service time, stunningly stable VFO frequencies and all that stuff. No, they used no consumer tubes like in your TV or such. All of them are out of the 'commercial'-tube-series with a guaranteed service life of at least 10000 hours like in every aircraft of that time or such. Failing was not an option, this HAD to work.

Speaking about stability and accuracy:

this of course isn't digital stuff -it's purely analog. In the pictures below you can see the dials. Just add both frequencies and you know where you are -here on 29.630MHz or 29630kHz.

As you see: your readout is easily accurate down to less than 500Hz. So you can read at least 500Hz out of 29630000Hz. With other words the accuracy of your readout is 0.001687% in this case. Your average modern digital multimeter would be proud if it came only near to this 65 year old contraption.

Of course that large dial in the picture on the left isn't the only one. There are 12 of 'em, mounted on a drum and rotating according to the selected band. Giving you a simple S-Meter like in other shortwave receiver was of course also not possible.

Instead they provided you with a Voltmeter which displays directly the input voltage at the antenna input -and the threshold voltage for the 'Squelch' (if you have set that) which isn't a normal squelch. If activated it doesn't cut your Audio, it reduces the Gain instead with a settable time constant, so it acts more like a active noise cancelling between any signal -also between any dash and dot if you're receiving CW (Morse Code). Besides that you can choose your IF-Passband between 150Hz and 12kHz, have a absolutely stable BFO, a good Envelope Detector for AM-Reception and a perfect Audio Stage - that's all.

Speaking of the Audio Stage: 2W undistorted output power from a single end class-A is more than you need with a good speaker. McIntosh ® would call that circuit 'Unity Coupled', further a E88CC for the Audio-Preamp. We're talking about an Shortwave Radio, not an 'High-End' Audio Amplifier. Wanna take recordings of what you hear? No problem: here's your Line-Output, symmetric, 600 ohms, transformer coupled and with +10dBm (if you want) and in accordance to all Studio-Standarts. Sound quality for AM Broadcasts? With a passband switchable up to max. 12kHz for the IF better than the majority of stations can provide.

Precise?

So far so good, but what's about the heart of every shortwave receiver: the Oscillator or VFO? How stable and precisely does it beat after 65 years?

In your trusty -and quite good- Hammarlund or Yaesu amateur Radio from these days the VFO usually is equipped with two tubes: the Oscillator itself and the buffer amplifier -both sometimes also united in one bulb. If i hadn't lost track here they used 12 -and tons of other stuff. So that frickin VFO has a component count which is easily about the order of a complete shortwave receiver.

What the hell is all that stuff about -and wtf they had for breakfast back then? The answer is again simple: precision and stability.

As i said: this thing is 65 years old and i touched nothing. Of course I checked how much it's 'off' in terms of the frequency. After warming up for 20 Minutes i checked it every 1000kHz from the bottom to the top of its range. It was a bit different between all points, at some less than 50Hz and about 1kHz worst case.

My Lab-Equipment is quite good and precise, but for these low errors the tolerances of the measuring equipment has absolutely taken into account. So i made a separate measurement only for 10MHz -with the aid of a frequency standard sourced from an atomic clock. So this was 'the real thing'. After warming up for an hour i measured for 15 Minutes. The deviaton was between -717 to -722Hz. Including the error of the dial. This means frickin' 71.7...72.2ppm. PPM -parts per million! 65 years after manufacturing.... Just absolutely stunning -and with what freaking kind of equipment they had calibrated this back then??? Just have in mind: this is pure analog goodness, not a modern PLL. How the f***k they got there? Here's the clear link between a manufacturer of high-grade Lab Equipment and a shortwave receiver. I'm just stunned over the knowledge of the engineers who designed that circuit back then and the precision this was built.

All without doing anything and all it's original capacitors. Yap, i could realign that but tbh it's just wayyy to less been worth the effort. So it will stay as it is.

Nope,

you're not provided with that fancy stuff your new digital or SDR may have on board. There's no notch filter, no panoramic display -not even SSB! Why the hell they just 'forgot' all these things? The answer is easy: it's modular. The EK07 is just the 'mainframe', everything else you wanted to have can be added as external components you had to buy separately -also for tons of money of course.

Wanting SSB? Just add this:

35kg/77lbs and 18 Tubes more -to mention it's also a synchronous detector for AM is not worth the effort. Panoramic display, digital frequency counter, Teletype Adaptor, a remote control for controlling that beast over a telephone line? FM? Diversity reception?? No problem, you had just buy it. Everything of course with the same standards for precision and build quality.

The outcome...

Yea, i spent a good amount of money getting this -but in my opinion it was worth every dime. I wanted a good tube receiver and i got a really good one. Compared to upper class modern Radios it's still a very good radio. So the only thing I have to add is an external SSB/AM-Synchronous Detector. The originals are nearly impossible to get today, so i decided to build one. It's on the way and i will give you the results later. So stay tuned...

[hawkuletz]

Screws that need to be removed in order to access to the ISA cards inside the Rohde&Schwarz PSA5 computer.

(story here https://hawk.ro/stories/rs_psa5/ )

[mariacallous]

Kosovo’s government made a final push on Thursday to convince Western countries to include its Council of Europe application on the agenda for the organisation’s ministerial meeting on May 16 and 17 in Strasbourg.

In a letter that Foreign Minister Donika Gervalla- Schwarz sent to the Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly President, PACE, Theodoros Rousopoulos, she pledged that a draft-statute for the long-delayed Association of Serb-Majority Municipalities, ASMM, will be sent to the Constitutional Court for review “by the end of May”.

But the German embassy in Kosovo, a country which together with France has insisted on this, said the latest stop was not enough.

The embassy told BIRN on Thursday that the so called Quint countries and others have repeatedly pointed out that Kosovo “is expected to take tangible steps to establish the ASMM in order to achieve the required two-thirds majority in the Committee of Ministers for the application for membership to be successful”.

“In our view, submitting the draft statute to the Constitutional Court prior to the Committee’s meeting would have been such a step. As Ambassador Rohde said in his tweet following the vote in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe: ‘Kosovo now needs to do the heavy lifting.’ This has still not happened,” the embassy told BIRN via email.

Gervalla-Schwarz said the draft, which is being prepared, serves the government’s goal “to integrate non-majority communities and implementation of Kosovo legislation in all municipalities”.

“The draft ensures not only the respect of Kosovo Constitution and laws, but also prevents impermissible interferences from outside in municipalities but also all over Kosovo,” she said.

Many in Kosovo considered membership of the Council of Europe a job done when last month PACE voted in favour of a report which recommended membership.

Council of Europe rapporteur Dora Bakoyannis drafted a “statutory opinion” recommending Kosovo’s accession, arguing it would “lead to the strengthening of human rights standards by ensuring access to the European Court of Human Rights to all those who are under Kosovo’s jurisdiction”.

In adopting the opinion, PACE effectively forwarded the final decision to the Committee of Ministers, the final hurdle before membership.

But Serbia, which does not recognise Kosovo as independent, has warned it may quit the Council of Europe if Kosovo becomes a member.

Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic called Kosovo’s newest move “a trick”.

“In the [2013] Brussels agreement it is quite clear that this [statute draft proposal] should be done by the management of Serbia or if we agree, as we agreed contextually, conceptually and in principle, that it should be the text submitted by the EU,”  Vucic said on Wednesday.

Kosovo applied to join in May 2022 after Russia was expelled following its invasion of Ukraine, increasing Pristina’s chances of securing the two-thirds majority necessary for accession.

Kosovo’s chances further improved in March when the government granted 24 hectares of disputed land in western Kosovo to a Serbian Orthodox monastery, ending an eight-year stalemate that had harmed the country’s reputation for protecting minority rights.

Kosovo would need two-thirds of the votes at the committee of ministers, a total of 31 votes, in order to join.

The Council of Europe has 46 member states, including all of the EU’s own 27 members. Kosovo has been under EU measures for its failure to restore calm in the Serb-majority north since June 2023. On May 7, EU spokesperson Peter Stano said a report on whether to lift the measures or not is being finalised.

Last week, German ambassador Jorn Rohde told BIRN that Kosovo Prime Minister Albin Kurti should not have been surprised that Germany and France had asked Kosovo to send the draft statute of the Serb municipality body to the Constitutional Court for approval as a prerequisite for membership of the Council of Europe.

“I am surprised that he was surprised,” Rohde told BIRN. His comments came a day after Kurti said that he would not accept the Association of Serb-Majority Municipalities as a condition for Kosovo to join the Council of Europe, describing the request as “absurd”.

He insisted that Kosovo had fulfilled all the obligations for membership of the Council of Europe. He also said that the draft statute for the Association does not yet represent a formal document, as it was not accepted by Serbia last year during EU-facilitated talks between the two countries.

[usafphantom2]

Hensoldt receives a 100 million euro contract as part of the FCAS program

Sensor specialist develops central elements of a new type of sensor network.

Fernando Valduga By Fernando Valduga 02/14/2023 - 14:00 in Military

Sensor solution provider HENSOLDT is developing essential core elements of the new sensor network in the German-French-Spanish military project FCAS (Future Combat Air System).

As a member of the German consortium FCMS GbR (Future Combat Mission System), HENSOLDT received a contract of approximately 100 million euros by the French purchasing authority DGA for the development of demonstrators in the areas of central competence of radar, recognition and self-protection electronics, optronics and also the comprehensive network of sensor technology.

“The next-generation air combat system requires an intelligent approach to a platform-independent network mission system, cutting-edge sensors and data evaluation based on Artificial Intelligence,” explains Christoph Ruffner, head of the Spectrum Dominance business unit. "This is where HENSOLDT will make the essential contribution with the FCMS consortium."

In the FCAS project, the participating nations want to develop, among other things, a successor system for the Eurofighter and Rafale fighters, as well as a new networked sensor system. By 2025, several technology demonstrators will be developed to show the possibilities of a platform-independent network solution. This network of sensors with different platforms will later be developed in the other phases of the FCAS demonstrator.

The respective technological leaders of the industry of the three countries are involved: Under the general management of INDRA (Spain), Thales for France and the FCMS consortium for Germany, composed of HENSOLDT, Diehl Defense, ESG Elektroniksystem- und Logistik-GmbH and Rohde & Schwarz, are working together in the so-called demonstration phase 1b. HENSOLDT leads the FCMS consortium and, therefore, in addition to its technical work packages, also assumes essential tasks in project management and central architecture work packages.

Tags: Military AviationFCAS - Future Combat Air System/Future Air Combat SystemHensoldt

Fernando Valduga

Fernando Valduga

Aviation photographer and pilot since 1992, he participated in several events and air operations, such as Cruzex, AirVenture, Dayton Airshow and FIDAE. He has works published in specialized aviation magazines in Brazil and abroad. He uses Canon equipment during his photographic work in the world of aviation.

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[stevecarell600]

GNSS Simulators Market Size, Share, Trends Overview & Demand Insights by 2032

The global gnss simulators market size is expected to gain momentum backed by the growing demand for advanced wearables across the globe. Additionally, the high demand for unmanned aerial vehicles across the military and defense sector is likely to propel the demand for advanced gnss simulators.

A gnss simulator efficiently emulates the surrounding of a gnss receiver across a dynamic platform by enabling vehicle and satellite motion, atmospherics, characteristics, and other effects. It propels the receiver to navigate as per the parameters set by the test scenarios.

Informational Source:

https://www.fortunebusinessinsights.com/gnss-simulators-market-103368

List of the Companies Operating in the Global Market for GNSS Simulators:

Accord Software & Systems (India)

CAST Navigation (The U.S.)

HyperTech (Israel)

IFEN (Germany)

IP-Solutions (India)

Orolia (The U.S.)

Qascom (Italy)

Rohde & Schwarz (Germany)

Syntony GNSS (France)

TeleOrbit (Germany)

WORK Microwave (Germany)

Jackson Labs Technologies (The U.S.)

M3Systems (France)

RACELOGIC (The U.K.)

Spirent Communications (The U.K.)

Among others

The market report includes a detailed analysis of several factors such as the key drivers and restraints that will impact growth. Additionally, the report provides insights into the regional analysis that covers different regions, contributing to the growth of the market. It includes the competitive landscape that involves the leading companies and the adoption of strategies by them to introduce new products, announce partnerships, and collaboration that will further contribute to the market growth. Moreover, the research analyst has adopted several research methodologies such as PESTEL and SWOT analysis to obtain information about the current trends and industry developments that will drive the market growth between 2024 and 2032.

Increasing Demand for UAVs to Propel Market Growth

The growing demand for optimum border monitoring, security, and surveillance purposes is driving the adoption of advanced UAVs. The increasing demand for strategic and tactical UAVs is expected to boost the adoption of advanced gnss simulators across the globe. Technological advancements have led to the development of wearable devices that are gaining popularity among consumers. Advanced gnss simulators offer total control over GPS signals that enable improved performance of the hardware and software of the wearable devices. As per the International Data Corporation report, around 336.5 million wearable devices were sold globally in 2019. This is expected to bode well for the global gnss simulators market growth during the forecast period.   

Companies Covered in GNSS Simulators Market are:

Accord Software & Systems (India), CAST Navigation (The U.S.), HyperTech (Israel), IFEN (Germany), IP-Solutions (India) .Orolia (The U.S.), Qascom (Italy), Rohde & Schwarz (Germany) , Syntony GNSS (France), TeleOrbit (Germany), WORK Microwave (Germany), Jackson Labs Technologies (The U.S.), M3Systems (France), RACELOGIC (The U.K.), Spirent Communications (The U.K.) and Other key players

Growing Demand for Advanced UAVs in North America to Spur Growth

Among all the regions, North America is expected to remain dominant and hold the highest position in the global gnss simulators market in the forthcoming years. The dominance is attributable to the growing demand for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in countries such as Canada that will propel the adoption of advanced gnss simulators in the region between 2020 and 2027.

The market in Asia-Pacific is anticipated to experience considerable growth owing to the supportive government initiatives regarding space development activities that will boost the demand for technologically advanced gnss simulators in the region during the forecast period.

Product Innovation Key Focus of Major Companies to Consolidate Their Positions

The global gnss simulators market is experiencing considerable competition owing to the presence of major companies that are striving to maintain their dominance. These companies are focusing on developing innovative gnss simulators to strengthen their market positions. Furthermore, other key players are adopting strategies such as merger and acquisition, collaboration, and partnership that will contribute to the market growth in the forthcoming years.

November 2019 – Orolia announced the launch of GSG-8 GNSS/GPS simulator. According to the company, the device is an advanced timing test solution, navigation, and positioning simulator. Additionally, it will deliver optimum quality navigation satellite system signal testing and sensor simulation across the globe.

[seositetool]

Network Emulator Market Size, Share, Future Trends, Business Growth, Key Segmentation, Dynamics and Forecast to 2028

Spirent Communications (UK), Keysight Technologies (US), Viavi Solutions (US), Calnex Solutions (UK), Rohde & Schwarz (Germany), Polaris Networks (US), Packetstorm (US), Solarwinds (US), Interworking Labs (US), Apposite Technologies (US), W2BI (US), GL Communications (US). Network Emulator Market by Offering (Hardware and Software), Application (SD-WAN, Cloud, and loT), Vertical…

[electronics]

Exploring the Dynamics of the Global Logic Analyzer Market

Exploring the Dynamics of the Global Logic Analyzer Market

The global Logic Analyzer Market size was valued at USD 551.2 million in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 1,065.7 million by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 7.6% during the forecast period (2024–2032).

The Logic Analyzer Market encompasses electronic test instruments designed to capture and analyze multiple signals from digital circuits and systems. These devices are essential for debugging and verifying the performance of complex electronic designs, offering capabilities such as timing analysis and protocol decoding. The market is driven by increasing demand for high-performance testing tools in sectors like automotive, consumer electronics, and telecommunications, alongside the rapid development of IoT devices. As technology evolves, logic analyzers are becoming more sophisticated, with enhanced features that cater to diverse industry needs.

Request sample link:https://straitsresearch.com/report/logic-analyzer-market/request-sample

Logic Analyzer Market Catalysts for Expansion

The growth of the logic analyzer market is driven by several key factors:

Increased Demand for Advanced Testing Tools: The rising complexity of electronic designs necessitates sophisticated testing equipment, leading to higher adoption rates of logic analyzers across various industries.

Technological Advancements: Innovations in digital signal processing and the integration of advanced features in logic analyzers are making them more appealing to engineers and technicians.

Rising R&D Investments: Increased investments in research and development across sectors such as automotive, healthcare, and electronics are creating new opportunities for market players.

Expansion of IoT and Embedded Systems: The growing prevalence of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and embedded systems is driving the need for effective testing solutions, further propelling market growth.

Logic Analyzer Market Segment Breakdown

The logic analyzer market can be segmented into various categories:By Type

Modular Logic Analyzers

PC-Based Logic Analyzers

By Application

Integrated Circuits

Processors

Memory Devices

Personal Computers

By Verticals

Electronics and Semiconductor

Automotive and Transportation

Aerospace and Defense

This segmentation highlights the diverse applications and types of logic analyzers available in the market, catering to a wide range of industries.

Top Performing Companies

The competitive landscape of the logic analyzer market features several key players, including:

Keysight Technologies

Fortive

Rohde & Schwarz

National Instruments

Yokogawa Electric

Teledyne

Advantest Corporation

ARM Limited

GAO Tek

Rigol Technologies

Saleae, Inc.

Good Will Instrument Co., Ltd.

Zero plus Technology Co., Ltd.

Qingdao Hantek Electronic Co., Ltd.

NCI Logic Analyzers

Scientech Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

OWON Technology

IKALOGIC

Red Pitaya

GSAS Micro Systems Pvt Ltd.

Buy Now:https://straitsresearch.com/buy-now/logic-analyzer-market

These companies are at the forefront of innovation in the logic analyzer market, continuously enhancing their product offerings to meet evolving customer demands.

Logic Analyzer Market Emerging Prospects

As industries increasingly rely on digital technology, the demand for logic analyzers is expected to grow significantly. Emerging trends include the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in testing processes, which can enhance data analysis capabilities and improve efficiency in troubleshooting complex digital circuits.

Logic Analyzer Market Industry Movements

Recent developments within the logic analyzer market indicate a trend towards greater functionality and user-friendliness in products offered by leading companies:

Product Innovations: Companies are launching new models with enhanced features such as higher channel counts and improved display capabilities to capture more complex signals.

Strategic Partnerships: Collaborations between technology firms are leading to advancements in product development and market reach.

Logic Analyzer Market Geographic Analysis

Geographically, the logic analyzer market is witnessing significant growth across various regions:

North America: Currently holds the largest market share due to its established electronics industry and strong R&D investments.

Asia-Pacific: Expected to be the fastest-growing region, driven by rapid advancements in technology and increasing demand from automotive and telecommunications sectors.

Logic Analyzer Market Data Insights

Data insights from recent analyses reveal that:

The modular logic analyzer segment is gaining traction due to its versatility and adaptability across different applications.

The electronics and semiconductor verticals are major contributors to market growth, reflecting the ongoing demand for testing solutions in these sectors.

In conclusion, the global logic analyzer market is poised for substantial growth driven by technological advancements, increased demand for sophisticated testing tools, and rising R&D investments across various industries. With a projected size reaching over USD 1 billion by 2032, stakeholders in this sector are encouraged to leverage emerging opportunities to enhance their competitive positioning in this dynamic landscape.

About Straits Research:

Straits Research stands out in the market research landscape due to its robust methodologies, extensive industry expertise, and client-focused approach. By leveraging their insights, businesses can navigate complex market environments effectively and capitalize on emerging trends to achieve sustainable growth.

[jobfinde]

Versorgungstechnik HLKS - Meister / Techniker (m/w/d)