#phy vol 16

[yridenergyridenergy]

薫  in PHY Vol. 16

Ultra HD scans

[thepriceofbeingaroseisloneliness]

Kaoru Interview Ongaku to hito [PHY] vol.16 1/2 Translation

“I think under the current world situation, concerts won’t be happening again. In that sense, it’s like you can only think about things you can do at this timing” Original text by Higuchi Yasuyuki Photos by Amita Mari

Notes before reading: This interview is from  Ongaku to hito [PHY] vol.16 released the 6th of June.  The interview was done during May so Japan was still under the state of emergency.  You can read the second part of this interview here You can buy the magazine at cdjapan or amazon.jp (there it’s already Out of Print--Limited Availability.) Feel free to correct me if you spot any mistake or any confusing  parts.

----- “Lives…. aren’t they something you do for the people who are in front of you? At that time somehow, there was a sense of distraction in the distance”

“The point is, how can the band use this spare time?  From now on, I think this is an important thing for us”

“Due to the current state of emergency, they keep moving with the ability to take initiatives and quick decisions. On March 28th, when the postponements of the performances of the tour (TOUR 20 SOGAI) were being announced one after another, at first, they streamed a live performance with no audience. Furthermore, with the announcement of the cancellation of the tour that was postponed and scheduled for the consecutive holidays in May, at that time, in 5 nights in a row, they streamed a live setlist planned by members. In addition, they announced the release of a new single for this summer, “Ochita koto no aru sora”, as if they were turning the tables of a situation in which they can’t move as a band, showing some energetic movements. Of course, there was also the desire to check the bond between the band and the fans but, they are rather a band with a heavy/serious attitude, so I am really surprised by the quickly adaptable moves they had shown until now. How do they feel now facing this situation? Representing the band, Kaoru (guitarist) responds in this interview.” -Are you doing the acclaimed stay-at-home? Kaoru: I’m staying at home as usual. -So, there is not so much difference from usual? K: Now, besides going to the convenience store and supermarket, I’m not going out. Different than usual…. Things like, I can’t go drinking, I can’t go to watch movies…. -The situation is changing everyday so, do you check the news and the internet? K: At the beginning, I was concerned about it, so I checked a lot. I’m not doing this lately. To certain extend, I have come to understand that some information is necessary, and some is not. -The tour has also been cancelled. How are you dealing with the current situation? K: Well, there is nothing we can do about it, right? I feel like we are focusing on what can we do now, while being properly careful at the same time. -It seems you were looking for the possibility of postponing the beginning of the tour. K: To be honest, even if we did the tour after the Pia Arena, in that order there was something that feels that wouldn’t match. Being that the case, we cancelled it and we are thinking now that it might be better to think about next actions. -Then you are working hard on writing songs now. K: That’s it. Because the tour was cancelled, I got time for it. That’s why now, I think the point is how the band uses this spare time. I think it’s going to be important for us from now on. -Then, now on behalf of the band, I would like to talk about the band’s movements under these circumstances, while asking about how you feel about it. K: Yes. -I am going to ask in order, from the beginning to the end so, when did you start to feel your planned tour and activities might be facing impediments? K: Right…. probably around the middle of March. It was around that time the talk about if it would be better to postpone the tour came out. At that time, we talked about many things, the members, and the staff together, we shared opinions about the upcoming things.  -As you announced the postponement of the tour, on March 28th you did a live without audience at ZEPP YOKOHAMA, which was the venue for the Fanclub-only performances. Was that live something that was decided suddenly?  K: That's right. Rather than something decided suddenly, it felt like moving on right away. Maybe….it was like 10 days before the live?  Because of that, we said, “isn’t it risky if we are holding back the beginning of the rehearsal?  “I think under the current world situation, concerts won’t be happening again. In that sense, it’s like you can only think about things that you can do at this timing”  -At that time, there were only a few bands that had done an audience live without audience at that scale but, I was surprised that Dir en grey did it before others/promptly. Usually, aren’t you band that is rather slow when it comes to take action? K: I think so too. People around us said something similar. But at the time we decided to postpone the tour, we talked about things that we only could do now or things that we should do now.  -You said that before (things that can be done only now). That it’s facing the situation positively. K: Of course, I think under this current world situation, lives won’t be happening again. In that sense, it’s like you only can think about things you can do at this timing. So, we were like “let’s try it”. -In that sense, the five members came to that conclusion in that talk. K:  Even so, after that, the thing we were most concerned about was how much the office (company) would lose, but later there was also the decision/conclusion of the president to think about. -Well, I want to hear hear you out on this…. doing concerts without audience…. K: No way. -Right? (laughs) K: We didn’t know how we were going to feel about standing on a stage without an audience, so at that point we felt like trying. However, it wasn’t like we tried without thinking carefully about it. We decided to do it after exchanging several opinions. I think at that point everyone felt the same way I did. -It’s like, “we have never done it and we don’t know what kind of live it will be but now this is the thing that we should do as band”. K: That’s it. Of course, we have never done a live without audience before that but, it was like, wouldn’t it be ok if we were able to imagine it properly? -That image was? K: Myself, being in a live without audience. Maybe, I think we came to that conclusion because every member could imagine that situation. I think it’s probably hard if we don’t do that and perform without any rehearsal. -Because the situation is always different. K: But rehearsing while having that image of myself in such a situation…. what can you do to improve yourself? For example, in a normal live I know when certain song comes, I’m going to express myself in this way or that…. how am I going to be able to show that in this unusual situation? I think that at that moment everyone created that image in their minds and stood on the stage. - I see. So, how was it when you actually did the live? K: Focusing in how we gathered on the stage, there wasn’t much difference in the entrance. However, it felt different as there was no cheering or shouts of joy when we got on stage. After that, I was able to concentrate right away in playing. Because after all, when we have an audience in front of our eyes, it can put a bit of pressure on you. On the contrary, it’s an indicator that is going to be a good live too. -So instead of an audience, it felt like in front of your eyes there were cameras lining up…. K: That’s right -Did you mind that? K: I did (laughs). After all, there were cameras in places where we usually don’t put them. But I didn’t really care about what was in front of me, I was kind of imagining the presence/existence of the people who was watching on the other side. -After all, people all around the world were watching it, right? At the chat section, a lot of languages were fluttering around. K: As you don’t have to see them in front of you, you just have to concentrate in playing more than usual. At that moment, there was a feeling of freedom. -I was thinking at first, “how is going to be a Dir en grey live with no reactions from the audience?”. At first, the stage felt a bit awkward. But as you said, you could see through the screen that 5 people were playing like if they were possessed. It is different than usual but, I experienced at the live a new kind of excitement. K: they are something you always do for the audience in front of you, right? Lives. But at that time, it somehow felt as if there was a feeling of distraction in the distance. That may have been reflected in the performance. -As you were separated from the audience, your feelings while playing were stronger. K: I think it was that. “Wouldn’t it be possible for fans to gather and talk about several things as they spend time together by broadcasting a setlist created by each member?” 

[2015mai24]

[kattangerine]

Phy vol 16

[kyotakumrau]

Mari Amita instagram 2020.06.16

Kaoru from DIR EN GREY, for PHY vol.16

A quiet photo shoot as the world came to a halt.

I thought how special is facing people and pressing the shutter.

And Kaoru who showed up in glasses and a beret was unbearably cool.

[thegaitguys]

The Latissimus in Gait

Affording itself a large attachment centrally from the T7 to L5 spinouses, laterally to the iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia, rostrally to the lower 3 or 4 ribs and inferior angle of the scapula, to travel superiorly and laterally to the attach to the medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus, it is perfectly situated to effect both the upper and lower extremities in a large variety of movements.

It is one of the quintessential and often overlooked muscles in gait. It is generally quiet electrophysiologically during walking gait (1,2) until speed increases or you are running (2-4).  The latissimus dorsi is THE functional link between the upper and lower extremity, particularly though its connections with the thoracolumbar fascia (5,6). Latissimus activity, through gait and arm swing seems to profoundly influence and be influenced by gluteal activity, through the posterior oblique sling system (3,4), consisting of the latissimus dorsi, thoracolumbar fascia and contralateral gluteus maximus (7). The posterior oblique sling system provides trunk stability and power delivery to the upper extremity from the contralateral lower extremity and promotes mutual gait patterns between the upper and lower extremities (8), while creating joint contraction in running, turning and walking (9,10). Recent studies conversely show that arm swing can, in turn, effect lower extremity movement as well (3,4). 

Given the importance of the latissimus, it would stand to reason we would want it to function at its best. Dry needling is one modality we seem to be able to use to change its function,not only reducing central sensitization, but reducing local and referred pain, improves range of motion and muscle activation patterns (11-13). There are other modalities, including supportive exercises, that can be used to both activate and rehabilitate the lat as well (14-17)

Here is one method we like to use to needle the latissimus dorsi. Consider adding this to your clinical toolbag. 

 references: 

1. Houglum P, Bertoti D in: Brunstrums Clinical Kinesiology 6th Edition, FA Davis 2012 p.558

2. G. Cappellini, Y. P. Ivanenko, R. E. Poppele, F. Lacquaniti Motor Patterns in Human Walking and Running Journal of Neurophysiology Published 1 June 2006 Vol. 95 no. 6, 3426-3437 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00081.2006

3. Shin S, Kim T, Yoo W. Effects of Various Gait Speeds on the Latissimus Dorsi and Gluteus Maximus Muscles Associated with the Posterior Oblique Sling System. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2013;25(11):1391-1392. doi:10.1589/jpts.25.1391.

4. Kim T, Yoo W, An D, Oh J, Shin S. The Effects of Different Gait Speeds and Lower Arm Weight on the Activities of the Latissimus Dorsi, Gluteus Medius, and Gluteus Maximus Muscles. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2013;25(11):1483-1484. doi:10.1589/jpts.25.1483.

5. Vleeming A, Pool-Goudzwaard AL, Stoeckart R, van Wingerden JP, Snijders CJ. The posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia. Its function in load transfer from spine to legs. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1995 Apr 1;20(7):753-8.

6. Willard FH, Vleeming A, Schuenke MD, Danneels L, Schleip R. The thoracolumbar fascia:anatomy,  function and clinical considerations. Journal of Anatomy. 2012;221(6):507-536.doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2012.01511.x.

7. Mooney V, Pozos R, Vleeming A, Gulick J, Swenski D Exercise treatment for sacroiliac pain. Orthopedics. 2001 Jan; 24(1):29-32.

8. Page P, Frank C, Lardner R: Assessment and treatment of muscle imbalance. Champaign: Human Kinetics Pub, 2010, pp 30–37. 

9. Bergmark A Stability of the lumbar spine. A study in mechanical engineering. Acta Orthop Scand Suppl. 1989; 230():1-54.

10. Collins SH, Adamczyk PG, Ferris DP, Kuo AD A simple method for calibrating force plates and force treadmills using an instrumented pole. Gait Posture. 2009 Jan; 29(1):59-64.

11. Dar G, Hicks GE. The immediate effect of dry needling on multifidus muscles function in healthy individuals. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2016 Apr 27;29(2):273-278.

12. Ortega-Cebrian S, Luchini N, Whiteley R. Dry needling: Effects on activation and passive mechanical properties of the quadriceps, pain and range during late stage rehabilitation of ACL reconstructed patients.Phys Ther Sport. 2016 Sep;21:57-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.02.001. Epub 2016 Feb 24.

13. Dommerholt J. Dry needling — peripheral and central considerations. The Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy. 2011;19(4):223-227. doi:10.1179/106698111X13129729552065.

14. Youdas JW, Coleman KC, Holstad EE, Long SD, Veldkamp NL, Hollman JH. Magnitudes of muscle activation of spine stabilizers in healthy adults during prone on elbow planking exercises with and without a fitness ball. Physiother Theory Pract. 2017 Sep 18:1-11. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2017.1377792. [Epub ahead of print]

15. Crane P, Ladden J, Monica D. Treatment of axillary web syndrome using instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization and thoracic manipulation for associated thoracic rotation dysfunction: A case report. Physiother Theory Pract. 2017 Aug 30:1-5. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2017.1368755. [Epub ahead of print]

16. Massé-Alarie H, Beaulieu LD, Preuss R, Schneider C. Influence of paravertebral muscles training on brain plasticity and postural control in chronic low backpain. Scand J Pain. 2016 Jul;12:74-83. doi: 10.1016/j.sjpain.2016.03.005. Epub 2016 May 11.

17. Snarr RL, Hallmark AV, Casey JC, Esco MR. Electromyographical Comparison of a Traditional, Suspension Device, and Towel Pull-Up. J Hum Kinet. 2017 Aug 1;58:5-13. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2017-0068. eCollection 2017 Sep.

[blog-sanacionlaflordelavida]

ENEMAS DE CAFÉ Y TRATAMIENTOS INTEGRALES CONTRA EL CÁNCER

La gente ha transformado la aplicación tradicional de los granos de café y comenzó a usarla con fines médicos. [1] El enema de café se desarrolló y se ha practicado hasta la actualidad, especialmente como parte del tratamiento integral del cáncer. [2, 3]

El concepto de autointoxicación mantiene que el colon es considerado como el alcantarillado humano, que almacena desechos parcialmente digeridos y productos tóxicos, lo que podría conducir a miles de enfermedades. [4-7] Esto ha impulsado el desarrollo del sistema de enema por parte de los médicos en épocas anteriores, que se hipotetiza para reducir los tiempos de exposición entre el colon y los subproductos tóxicos a través de la introducción de agua y otros tipos de fluidos en el colon a través del ano. [8, 9] Entre los diversos métodos de aplicación de enema, una de las formas más practicadas de enema que se ha transmitido de generación en generación hasta la actualidad no es otra que el enema de café. [10]

En la década de 1930, el Dr. Max Gerson fue el primero en reutilizar el enema de café en el tratamiento del cáncer. [7] Basado en el concepto del régimen de Gerson, se cree que la cafeína en el enema de café puede eliminar los subproductos tóxicos circulantes ubicados adyacentes a las paredes del colon, así como también puede causar la dilatación de los conductos biliares, lo que facilita la aparición de sustancias tóxicas, expulsión de productos por vía hepática. [7, 11] El enema de café también se ha utilizado en pacientes con alergias, asma, urticaria (urticaria), dislipidemia (alto nivel de colesterol malo en la sangre), migrañas, obesidad, así como estreñimiento crónico. [7]

Además de la cafeína, también se observó que otros nutrientes sustanciales y sustancias antioxidantes, como las melanoidinas, los compuestos polifenólicos y los alcoholes diterpenoides, estaban altamente enriquecidos en el café. [12-14] Además, también se observaron reacciones positivas a las reacciones antioxidantes. exhibido por compuestos químicos detectados en el café, basado en otros estudios científicos. [15] Los estudios han demostrado que en el café también se encuentran compuestos como el kahweol y el cafestol, que son enzimas antioxidantes que aumentan la glutatión S-transferasa (GST). [12] El café tostado también podría conducir posteriormente a la formación de melanoidinas, que también actúan como un inhibidor de la peroxidación de lípidos, [16] así como un antioxidante. [13] Además, las propiedades antioxidantes también se muestran por el ácido cafeico, el ácido clorogénico y otros compuestos fenólicos similares, [14] mientras que la cafeína y otras xantinas relacionadas exhiben potentes propiedades protectoras del ADN. [17]

El procedimiento del enema de café generalmente implica la introducción de líquido de café tibio diluido de aproximadamente 500 ml a través del canal anal hacia el recto y el colon, donde generalmente se requerirá que el paciente sostenga la solución de enema de café durante aproximadamente 10 a 15 minutos antes a la defecación. [7] Sin embargo, la cantidad de cafeína que se espera absorber es limitada. [7] Gerson se refirió además a que el café hervido que no se ha pasado a través de filtros de papel fino, o simplemente café hervido sin filtrar, es el más preferido debido a sus moléculas bioactivas antioxidantes altamente concentradas. [2]

Teekachunhatean y sus colegas mencionaron en sus estudios que con el volumen y la duración mencionados anteriormente, las aplicaciones únicas o incluso múltiples de enema de café no darían lugar a efectos hemodinámicos perjudiciales en los usuarios de enema porque la vida media de la cafeína es de solo alrededor de 24 horas. [18] Sus estudios previos también revelaron que las administraciones múltiples de hasta tres veces por semana no alteraron la hemodinámica de los sujetos masculinos ni produjeron alteraciones electrolíticas. [15] A pesar de que se afirma que el enema de café es seguro incluso con dosis múltiples, la cafeína se metaboliza principalmente a través del citocromo P-450 1A2 (CYP1A2), [19] una enzima hepática que se expresa genéticamente a diferentes niveles en cada individuo. [7] Por lo tanto, los individuos que tienen una expresión más extensa de CYP1A2 en teoría tendrán menos cafeína circulante, mientras que aquellos con menor expresión de esta enzima en particular tendrán más cafeína circulante, lo que posiblemente conduzca a efectos hemodinámicos más conspicuos. [7]

Cuando la administración de enema de café no se lleva a cabo adecuadamente, también podría provocar daño rectal inducido por el enema de café hirviendo, [20, 21] inflamación del colon y recto (proctocolitis), [22, 23] sistémico relacionado con el tracto gastrointestinal infección (septicemia) [24] e incluso la muerte. [25] Por lo tanto, solo las personas capacitadas que usan herramientas esterilizadas deben poder realizar este procedimiento. [7] Además, el enema de café está contraindicado en pacientes con afecciones gastrointestinales como cáncer colorrectal, diverticulitis, cirugía intestinal reciente, colostomía, hemorroides, obstrucción intestinal y enfermedad de Crohn. [7]

El café está altamente enriquecido con varios tipos de nutrientes y su aplicación en la medicina se ha implantado en nuestra sociedad desde la antigüedad. [1] Hoy en día, el enema del café se practica cada vez más, especialmente en entornos de cáncer integrador. Se supone que los principales beneficios médicos del enema del café están asociados con propiedades antioxidantes, así como con su capacidad para desintoxicar las toxinas circulantes del hígado. [11, 13, 14] El método de aplicación del enema de café mencionado anteriormente se basó en el régimen de Gerson, pero en la práctica de la vida real, el tipo de café, el volumen y la duración de la retención de líquido pueden variar según las preferencias de cada individuo, [7] sin embargo, pueden producirse efectos secundarios graves. [20-25] Para evitar esto, un enema de café es mejor administrado por personal calificado. [7]

 Explicaciones como hacerlo, es lo mejor que encontré habiendo muchas más explicaciones:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvOLKeb1VP0&feature=youtu.be

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C-2Vz4gEjAg&feature=youtu.be

 Referencias

1. La historia del café. http://www.ncausa.org/about-coffee/history-of-coffee.

2. Gerson M. La cura del cáncer avanzado mediante terapia dietética: un resumen de 30 años de experimentación clínica. Physiol Chem Phys . 1978; 10: 449-464.

3. Marrón BT. Tratamiento del cáncer con enemas de café y dieta. JAMA J Am Med Asoc . 1993. doi: 10.1001 / jama.1993.03500130049020

4. Richards DG, McMillin DL, Mein EA, Nelson CD. Irrigaciones de colon: una revisión de la controversia histórica y el potencial de efectos adversos. J Altern Complemento Med . 2006. doi: 10.1089 / acm.2006.12.389

5. Chen TSN, Chen PSY. Autointoxicación intestinal: un leitmotiv médico. J Clin Gastroenterol . 1989. doi: 10.1097 / 00004836-198908000-00017

6. Gots RE. Hipótesis médica y práctica médica: autointoxicación y sensibilidades químicas múltiples. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol . 1993. doi: 10.1006 / rtph.1993.1039

7. Teekachunhatean S, Tosri N, Rojanasthien N, Srichairatanakool S, Sangdee C. Farmacocinética de cafeína después de una administración única de enema de café versus consumo oral de café en sujetos masculinos sanos. ISRN Pharmacol . 2013. doi: 10.1155 / 2013/147238

8. Manual de terapia Gerson M. Gerson . 5ta ed. San Diego, California: Instituto Gerson; 1999

9. Fork FT, Ekberg O, Nilsson G, Rerup C, SkinhØj A. Regímenes de limpieza de colon: un estudio clínico en 1200 pacientes. Gastrointest Radiol . 1982. doi: 10.1007 / BF01887677

10. Ismael G, Hegg R, Muehlbauer S, et al. Administración subcutánea versus intravenosa de trastuzumab (neo) adyuvante en pacientes con cáncer de mama HER2 positivo, estadio clínico I-III (estudio HannaH): un ensayo aleatorizado de fase 3, abierto, multicéntrico. Lancet Oncol . 2012; 13 (9): 869-878. doi: 10.1016 / S1470-2045 (12) 70329-7

11. Régimen de Cassileth B. Gerson. Oncología (Williston Park) . 2010

12. Lam LKT, Sparnins VL, Wattenberg LW. Aislamiento e identificación de palmitato de kahweol y palmitato de cafeestol como componentes activos de los granos de café verde que mejoran la actividad de la glutatión s-transferasa en el ratón. Cáncer Res . mil novecientos ochenta y dos.

13. Chuyen N V. Maillard Reacción y procesamiento de alimentos. En: Avances en medicina experimental y biología . Vol. 434.; 1998: 213-235. doi: 10.1007 / 978-1-4899-1925-0_18

14. Iwai K, Kishimoto N, Kakino Y, Mochida K, Fujita T. Efectos antioxidantes in vitro y actividades inhibidoras de la tirosinasa de siete derivados de hidroxicinamoilo en granos de café verde. J Agric Food Chem . 2004. doi: 10.1021 / jf040048m

15. Teekachunhatean S, Tosri N, Sangdee C, et al. Efectos antioxidantes después del enema de café o el consumo de café oral en voluntarios sanos varones tailandeses. Hum Exp Toxicol . 2012. doi: 10.1177 / 0960327111432499

16. Borrelli RC, Visconti A, Mennella C, Anese M, Fogliano V. Caracterización química y propiedades antioxidantes de las melanoidinas del café. J Agric Food Chem . 2002. doi: 10.1021 / jf025686o

17. Azam S, Hadi N, Khan NU, Hadi SM. Propiedades antioxidantes y prooxidantes de cafeína, teobromina y xantina. Med Sci Monit . 2003; 9 (9): 325-330. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12960921. Accedido el 8 de julio de 2019.

18. Theoharides, Theoharis C. Essentials of Pharmacology . 2da ed. Nueva York: Little Brown & Co; 1996.

19. Butler MA, Lang NP, Young JF, et al. Determinación de los fenotipos CYP1A2 y NAT2 en poblaciones humanas mediante análisis de metabolitos urinarios de cafeína. Farmacogenética 1992. doi: 10.1097 / 00008571-199206000-00003

[naivelocus]

Capturing RNA Folding Free Energy with Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Cech, T. R., Zaug, A. J. & Grabowski, P. J. splicing of the ribosomal RNA precursor of tetrahymena: Involvement of a guanosine nucleotide in the excision of the intervening sequence. Cell 27, 487–496, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(81)90390-1 (1981).

Kruger, K. et al. Self-Splicing Rna - Auto-Excision and Auto-Cyclization of the Ribosomal-Rna Intervening Sequence of Tetrahymena. Cell 31, 147–157, doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90414-7 (1982).

Guerriertakada, C., Gardiner, K., Marsh, T., Pace, N. & Altman, S. The RNA moiety Of ribonuclease-P is the catalytic subunit of the enzyme. Cell 35, 849–857, doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90117-4 (1983).

Mironov, A. S. et al. Sensing small molecules by nascent RNA: A mechanism to control transcription in bacteria. Cell 111, 747–756, doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(02)01134-0 (2002).

Nahvi, A. et al. Genetic control by a metabolite binding mRNA. Chem. Biol. 9, 1043–1049, doi: 10.1016/s1074-5521(02)00224-7 (2002).

Winkler, W., Nahvi, A. & Breaker, R. R. Thiamine derivatives bind messenger RNAs directly to regulate bacterial gene expression. Nature 419, 952–956, doi: 10.1038/nature01145 (2002).

Breaker, R. R. Prospects for Riboswitch Discovery and Analysis. Mol. Cell 43, 867–879, doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2011.08.024 (2011).

Serganov, A. & Nudler, E. A Decade of Riboswitches. Cell 152, 17–24, doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.12.024 (2013).

Lai, D., Proctor, J. R. & Meyer, I. M. On the importance of cotranscriptional RNA structure formation. RNA-Publ. RNA Soc. 19, 1461–1473, doi: 10.1261/rna.037390.112 (2013).

Russell, R. In Biophysics of RNA Folding Biophysics for the Life Sciences (ed. R. Russell) Ch. 1, 1–10 (Springer-Verlag: New York, 2013).

Mitchell, D., Jarmoskaite, I., Seval, N., Seifert, S. & Russell, R. The Long-Range P3 Helix of the Tetrahymena Ribozyme Is Disrupted during Folding between the Native and Misfolded Conformations. J. Mol. Biol. 425, 2670–2686, doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2013.05.008 (2013).

Mitchell, D. & Russell, R. Folding Pathways of the Tetrahymena Ribozyme. J. Mol. Biol. 426, 2300–2312, doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2014.04.011 (2014).

Russell, R. et al. The paradoxical behavior of a highly structured misfolded intermediate in RNA folding. J. Mol. Biol. 363, 531–544, doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.08.024 (2006).

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— Nature Scientific Reports

[yridenergyridenergy]

From the photographer who covered Kaoru in PHY Vol. 16, Mari Amita

[thepriceofbeingaroseisloneliness]

KAORU INTERVIEW ONGAKU TO HITO [PHY] VOL.16 2/2 TRANSLATION

“Wouldn’t it be possible for fans to gather and talk about several things as they spend time together by broadcasting a setlist created by each member?” “What I thought when they were together listening to it was….’Everyone loves Dir en grey’” (laughs) “Of course, there will be opinions like ‘if you are going to cancel, say it as soon as possible’, I’m sorry for that but it was something that had to be discussed and properly decided by each one of us.”

Original text by Higuchi Yasuyuki

Photos by Amita Mari You can read the first part of this interview here. You can buy the magazine at cdjapan or amazon.jp ( Out of Print--Limited Availability. )

Notes before reading: This is the second part of the interview from Ongaku to hito [PHY] vol.16 released the 6th of June.  The interview was done during May, so Japan was still under the state of emergency. Feel free to correct me if you spot any mistake or any confusing parts.

---------------------- “Wouldn’t it be possible for fans to gather and talk about several things as they spend time together by broadcasting a setlist created by each member?” -Then, in April the declaration of the state of emergency was announced, the tour that had been already postponed was cancelled but, at the same time as you released that statement, the broadcasting of a music playlist in YouTube as planned setlists by members was also announced. Kaoru: This is…. if I remember properly……the idea came from the fan club management side. It was like “how about trying to do a daily streaming during 5 days of songs chosen by the members?” -The image was more of a setlist, rather than a playlist. K: That’s true, as we broadcasted the planned setlists one by one. So, we already had experienced the reaction of the viewers at the time of the live (without audience). The talk concluded like, “isn’t it like …. the fans can gather together, talk about several things and spend some time together?”, so immediately we said OK. -Your setlist was on the first day, did you choose the songs considering that? K: Well, when we were at the stage of creating the setlists, it wasn’t decided whose setlist would be broadcasted in each day yet. Originally, we decided to do it 4 days before the broadcasting so, there was a feeling of timing like “please send the setlists by tomorrow”, I thought mine overnight and submitted it. The next day, I knew I was the first one. -I thought your setlist was very “Kaoru-like” but, what was your criteria for choosing the songs? K: Although it’s a setlist, there is no live footage so after all, isn’t it a playlist with tracks one after another? The theme was like, “how can I incorporate the feeling of a live concert into it?”. However, even if I included violent/fierce songs, I think I couldn’t get the feeling of a live performance. Also, I dared to try a sequence of songs that wouldn’t be possible at all in an actual live performance. -Things like tuning or equipment, a sequence of songs that can’t be done due to those aspects. K: Then, there is also Kyo’s throat problem.  If we try to do several things in the best condition possible, it’s an impossible sequence. Yet, isn’t it great that people are thinking it’s a real concert while it’s listening to it? -You can’t do that at a real concert, but I think it’s interesting to listen to it while imagining it all together. K: That’s right. -Every set list was unique because of the individuality of the members, and after all, as it happened during the live without audience, it was an amazing time as well. K: I thought that too. -While at the screen there was always the same picture, the songs were the only thing flowing. K: It might have been good that the screen didn't change. Everyone had no choice but to imagine in their heads. 

-Yes, yes. I did too. It brought back memories of a live I saw, they layered with that scene while I was listening to it. Rather than a pseudo- concert experience, it felt more like a reliving experience. K: I see. That’s why the response  we got was more than I expected.  Also, what I thought when they together were listening to it  was….” Everyone loves Dir en grey” (laughs) -Hahahahaha K:  It’s like, they were listening to the songs properly, that’s what I thought when I was seeing the messages at the chat. -It was a virtual space, but it felt like everyone was gathering there and sharing the music.

K: That’s true. I felt like I was connected with the member and with everyone. I think that was good. -Actually, in contrast with that, you are separated from the fans. How are feeling about that right now? K: Well, we can't do anything about that, right now we have no choice but to wait. -That's right K: It’s not just for the music scene. I think there are people having problems with other activities too. Until these things become clear, it’s too much for everyone. Especially for things that are hobbies, like music.  I know that there are people who support us not at a hobby level and I’m grateful for that but, after all, we have no choice but to wait for the time being. “It’s because of the situation we are currently in, I wish we can create a future in which that it’s possible” -Meanwhile, the release of a new song has being announced. Does it already have a shape or are you going to start working on it from now?

K: It’s almost finished! If we started from now on, it probably won’t be ready on time (laughs) -Hahahaha. Originally it was supposed to be announced on the last day of the tour. K: That’s true. We decided to release it during summer. -By the way, can you tell us what kind of song it is? K: Well…. ok….it took a lot of time. The creation itself has been done since last year. After starting to play it  and let the members listen to it, it hasn’t progressed easily. I've been worried about it for a long time. -So that means that it is going to be a masterpiece/great work following ‘The World of Mercy’? K: Well, I can’t say that at the current stage/phase (laughs). -Right? (laughs) By the way, is this song linked to the current situation going on? K: I haven't read the lyrics properly, so putting that part aside, it wasn’t a song made with this situation in mind. After all, it depends on what the person who listens to the song will think. I don’t really care about that. However, there is no doubt that it is song made in such a situation like the one we are currently in.

-Speaking of “what is going to think the person who listens to the song” thing, I think  from the listener’s side, inevitably it will become a song that faces this situation.

K: Yes, that’s right. -But, whether it's a concert with no audience or a broadcast on YouTube, it’s a work that it will be received after the band has tried things that you never did before. I wonder if that will create special way to hear it. K: Well yeah…. I can't say anything about that. The tour was cancelled, and I suddenly had spare time, so I made a song during that time. Maybe I shouldn’t say  it’s something unrelated to this situation. -Then, it’s what Kyo is going to sing…. K: Once the lyrics are added, I think you are going to be listening to the song and from there, with the words you can hear, you  will imagine “oh, it feels like this”. -That’s still a secret. K: Of course (laughs) -Also, you started a twitter account at these times. K: As expected, the motivation was the YouTube Broadcasting. I thought it would be nice if I could get the feeling I was listening together with the fans on twitter. Doing that, I thought it might be a different approach than until now. -That happened because of the current situation? K: If you say that twitter itself is something new, that’s not true at all, it’s rather an old tool, but it has immediate effects. I wondered if it would be interesting to change the way I show myself. That's why I don't tweet many times a day. -How was it when you tried it? The reactions and so to what you posted. K: Well, the first thing was the number of the people who were watching (what I posted) was different than what I thought it would be. -That’s right (laughs) K: There are a lot of people watching Twitter. Also, I had the feeling that there are many good things and many bad things in there. -From the beginning, because you are a band that has a certain sense of distance from the fans, I thought there might be some resistance to, suddenly, be directly connected on twitter with the person (member) and the fans. K: It’s a balance there.  I think it’s good if I could do something new or interesting while maintaining a good balance. Until now, Kyo is the only member to have a personal account on twitter. -I see. K: However, it's not like he is tweeting about private things, and there are a lot of tweets that are announcements or official information, sometimes he himself tweets. I want to try that myself. Moreover, I wonder if I can make it feel more like a personal account than when I tweeted from the Dir en grey official account. -In any case, the current state of the band is trying to catch a hold of several things positively. K: Right now, it’s that. But I don’t know how it will be in the future. Maybe I end up saying “I’m really bad at this” (laughs) -No way (laughs) I think you are dealing with everything calmly and positively. K: But…. the members and the staff discussed it more than usual about the live without audience and the YouTube broadcast, and we decided to make a calm decision. But there were times than the emotions came first until we came to that conclusion. -I see. K: Even if we postponed or cancelled the tour, we talked about it together to the point that separately/one by one discussed if this was the best thing to do. Of course, there will be opinions like “if you are going to cancel, say it as soon as possible”, I’m sorry for that but it was something that had to be discussed and decided properly by each one of us. -It’s always the same when you are making a Dir en grey’s song. K: Ah, I agree with that. -You are making things from the emotions and the strong ego/self of each of you but, it sounds like the process of finally reaching that conclusion was made as a band. After all, it’s something that has to be faced by no one but yourselves. K: Yes. For example, even if there are criticisms against the fact that we will force the tour without postponing it, it would be fine if we were the only ones to be targeted for that. We can’t let the fans get attacked for that reason. I don’t want people to think “that’s why they are fans of a band like that” because of our actions. - As expected, Dir en grey is a kind band. Kaoru: Is that so?

-That’s what I think. I’m sure the relationship between the band and the fans will change. Kaoru: I wonder how it will be…. but, because of the situation we are currently in, I wish we can create a future in which that it’s possible.

[2015mai24]

[kattangerine]

Phy vol. 16

[kyotakumrau]

Kaoru instagram 2020.06.11

Tags: PHY, I talked there, got new photos taken

(PHY Vol.16 with the interview with Kaoru was out June 10th)

[chrisaldrich]

How Life (and Death) Spring From Disorder | Quanta Magazine

This is a nice little general interest article by Philip Ball that does a relatively good job of covering several of my favorite topics (information theory, biology, complexity) for the layperson. While it stays relatively basic, it links to a handful of really great references, many of which I’ve already read, though several appear to be new to me. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]

While Ball has a broad area of interests and coverage in his work, he’s certainly one of the best journalists working in this subarea of interests today. I highly recommend his work to those who find this area interesting.

References

[1]

E. Mayr, What Makes Biology Unique? Cambridge University Press, 2004.

[2]

A. Wissner-Gross and C. Freer, “Causal entropic forces.,” Phys Rev Lett, vol. 110, no. 16, p. 168702, Apr. 2013. [PubMed]

[3]

A. Barato and U. Seifert, “Thermodynamic uncertainty relation for biomolecular processes.,” Phys Rev Lett, vol. 114, no. 15, p. 158101, Apr. 2015. [PubMed]

[4]

J. Shay and W. Wright, “Hayflick, his limit, and cellular ageing.,” Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 72–6, Oct. 2000. [PubMed]

[5]

X. Dong, B. Milholland, and J. Vijg, “Evidence for a limit to human lifespan,” Nature, vol. 538, no. 7624. Springer Nature, pp. 257–259, 05-Oct-2016 [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature19793

[6]

H. Morowitz and E. Smith, “Energy Flow and the Organization of Life,” Santa Fe Institute, 07-Aug-2006. [Online]. Available: http://samoa.santafe.edu/media/workingpapers/06-08-029.pdf. [Accessed: 03-Feb-2017]

[7]

R. Landauer, “Irreversibility and Heat Generation in the Computing Process,” IBM Journal of Research and Development, vol. 5, no. 3. IBM, pp. 183–191, Jul-1961 [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1147/rd.53.0183

[8]

C. Rovelli, “Meaning = Information + Evolution,” arXiv, Nov. 2006 [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.02420

[9]

N. Perunov, R. A. Marsland, and J. L. England, “Statistical Physics of Adaptation,” Physical Review X, vol. 6, no. 2. American Physical Society (APS), 16-Jun-2016 [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.6.021036 [Source]

[10]

S. Still, D. A. Sivak, A. J. Bell, and G. E. Crooks, “Thermodynamics of Prediction,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 109, no. 12. American Physical Society (APS), 19-Sep-2012 [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.120604 [Source]

Syndicated to:

[thepriceofbeingaroseisloneliness]

Kaoru at  PHY vol.16. about taking decisions about the tour.

You can buy the magazine here  You can read the translation of this interview here

[thepriceofbeingaroseisloneliness]

It took a while but it’s finally here :)