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Una empresa siderúrgica vinculada al mortal accidente de un águila pescadora en la Fuerza Aérea se enfrentó a una demanda por piezas defectuosas en 2001
Los oficiales militares se han negado a decir si todavía están trabajando con una empresa responsable de fabricar el equipo que falló en un Fuerzas aéreas Águila pescadora V-22 aviones y provocó la muerte de ocho aviadores el año pasado, a pesar de las dudas de larga data sobre la calidad de la pieza y las acusaciones de que el fabricante utilizaba acero de menor calidad. Informes de seguridad…
#accidente#Aérea#águila#defectuosas#demanda#empresa#enfrentó#fuerza#mortal#pescadora#piezas#por#siderúrgica#una#vinculada
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TIVERAM QUE VER DE PERTO PARA ACREDITAR! Pesca de praia 2023
#youtube#pescaria#pesca#peixe#surfcasting#pescadepraia#pescariadepraia#pescador#fishing#fish#pescaria2023#pesca2023#riodejaneiro#pescadora#bassfishing#praia
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Lula lança programa que deve beneficiar mais de 1 milhão de pescadores e pescadoras
“Vamos melhorar as condições de trabalho, elevar a proteção do Cadastro Único para pescadores em situação de risco e vulnerabilidade socioeconômica”, disse o presidente
Foto: Rafa Neddermeyer/Agencia-Brasil O presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva afirmou, durante o lançamento do programa Povos da Pesca Artesanal, nesta quarta-feira (2), no Palácio do Planalto, que a tarefa do governo federal é atender as principais reivindicações de pescadoras e pescadores para defender a justiça socioambiental e a gestão participativa e integrada dos recursos do território…
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Pesca Submarina con Julie Higgs y sus amigos del equipo Hammerhead Spea...
#youtube#Video de la pescadora @JulieHiggs_Spearfishing en la que nos muestra un día de pescas con sus amigos en el gran azul donde consiguen unas h
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MARISMAS DEL ODIEL, PARAJE NATURAL AL DICTADO DEL MAR Y DE LA TIERRA; Por Rosana Saburo
La belleza de las marismas del Odiel ha sido valorada a lo largo del tiempo, pero también se ha transformado y obtenido provecho de este espacio, sin tener en cuenta su gran valor natural. Las marismas del Odiel, formadas a partir de la desembocadura de los ríos Odiel y Tinto, cercanas a la ciudad de Huelva, tan solo a 8 km, se extienden en diferentes municipios, Punta Umbría, Aljaraque y…
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#aguila pescadora#Aljaraque#Atlántico#ave espatula#convenio ramsar#estaciones ornitologicas#Gibraleón#Punta Umbria#reserva dela biosfera#rio Odiel#zonas zepa
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José Bardasano Baos (Spanish,1910-1979)
Pescadora
Oil on canvas
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Most Essential Vocabulary #2
Part 2 of Most Essential Vocab, as always I’ll include notes when I think something needs more explaining and I’ll point out regionalisms when I know them.
And if anyone has any alternate words/regionalisms they know of for things, please let me know - it helps me and everyone else too!
...I also REALLY overdid it with the food categories, but it’s pretty much the majority of things you can find in a grocery store, market, or supermarket as far as food... except for more specific things like names of fish (which I don’t always know myself, and isn’t THAT essential unless you go to the fishmonger a lot)
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Occupations [Los Oficios]
I’ll be including the male and female forms of things - anything with just one form is unisex
Note: Pretty much anything with -ista in it is unisex, even if it ends in A; as an example el artista or la artista.
trabajador, trabajadora = worker [n] trabajador(a) = hard-working [adj]
abogado, abogada = lawyer abogado/a defensor(a) / la defensa = defense lawyer / defense fiscal / abogado/a de la acusación = prosecutor [generally in a trial it’s the abogado/a “attorney/lawyer” or la defensa as a general term, and then you have el/la fiscal “prosecutor”... who is also technically abogado/a but a different function]
doctor, doctora = doctor
médico, médica = doctor [specifically medicine]
maestro, maestra = teacher [lit. “master”; it is often used with teachers that cover multiple subjects and pre-college/university... usually a maestro/a tends to teach younger children, or they’re a “master” or “teacher” in martial arts or music]
el profesor, la profesora = professor [more common in university and for people who are more experts or who have specialized learning degrees]
hombre de negocios, mujer de negocios = businessman/businesswoman
artista = artist
músico, música = musician [not to be confused with la música “music” by itself which is a noun]
dentista = dentist
sastre = tailor
albañil = builder, construction worker [lit. “bricklayer”; this is sometimes the word for “mason” and general construction work and those working with stone, brick, or cement]
contratista = contractor
granjero, granjera = farmer
cocinero, cocinera = cook
chef = chef
camarero, camarera = waiter, waitress / server* mesero, mesera = waiter, waitress / server [more Latin America]
panadero, panadera = baker [specifically el pan “bread”]
pastelero, pastelera = baker [specifically cakes or pastry; as la pasta means “dough/pastry” and los pasteles are “cakes”]
carnicero, carnicera = butcher
cazador, cazadora = hunter [la cazadora could also be “huntress” if you’re feeling fancy]
leñador, leñadora = woodcutter / lumberjack, “lumberjill”
mago, maga = magician [or “mage” if you’re playing an RPG; usually mago/a in the real world means someone who does illusions or card tricks etc]
científico, científica = scientist
químico, química = chemist [someone working with chemicals]
farmacéutico, farmacéutica = pharmacist / chemist [UK]
biólogo, bióloga = biologist
pescador, pescadora = fisher
marinero, marinera = sailor
cartero, cartera = postal worker, courier, “mailman” / “mailwoman”
soldado = soldier
atleta = athlete
nadador, nadadora = swimmer
jugador / jugadora (de algo) = player (of something) [in some contexts el juego “game” or jugador, jugadora can be “gambling” and “gambler”]
futbolista = football player / soccer player
beisbolista = baseball player
luchador, luchadora = fighter / wrestler
electricista = electrician
informático, informática = computer tech, IT [internet tech] person [la informática is the general word for “computer sciences” - so anyone who deals with computer things is often called informático/a]
programador, programadora = programmer
plomero, plomera = plumber [Latin America in general] fontanero, fontanera = plumber [Spain and parts of Mexico and Central America] gasiftero, gasfitera = plumber [parts of South America]
técnico, técnica = technician [also sometimes someone who repairs things; it’s not just “tech expert”, it could be very widely applied]
policía = police officer
autor, autora = author
escritor, escritora = writer
dramaturgo, dramaturga = playwright
actor, actriz = actor / actress [sometimes actresses use actor for themselves as a way to distance themselves from the gender of it all; but in general you see actor/actriz and los actores “actors”... saying las actrices specifically refers to “actresses”]
poeta, poetisa = poet [we rarely use “poetess” in English today but it exists]
escultor, escultora = sculpter
pintor, pintora = painter
contable = accountant [I think Spain] contador, contadora = accountant [more Latin America; lit. “counter”]
político, política = politician
juez (sometimes jueza in feminine) = judge
banquero, banquera = banker, bank worker
cajero, cajera = cashier / clerk / teller (at a bank) [cajero/a really means “someone who operates the cash register” but la caja “box” is also applied to la caja fuerte “safe” or “strongbox” so it applies to bank tellers as well; anytime there’s a cash register involved, you’re probably dealing with a cajero/a]
dependiente, dependienta = retail worker, sales clerk
el dueño, la dueña = owner / landlord, landlady
propietario, propietaria = owner, property owner
jefe, jefa = boss
asesor, asesora = consultant
consejero, consejera = advisor, consultant, counselor / councilor (someone serving on a council)
gerente, gerenta = manager manager / mánager = manager
empleado, empleada = employee
*Note: camarero/a by itself is often used as “waiter/waitress” but in some places it means “maid” as in the person who cleans up rooms in a hotel. This is because camarero/a originally meant “chamberlain” related to la cámara “bedroom/chamber” or la cama “bed” - a camarero/a would attend to someone like their personal servant and in older works it meant an adviser or someone who oversaw an important person’s appointments and sometimes coordinated their outfits or oversaw the other staff.
It came to be “waiter/waitress” in inns and hotels and the noble houses where someone might be coordinating your sleeping arrangements and also making sure you were fed, possibly serving you themselves
Today, camarero/a is often your “server” in (I think?) Spain, but in other places they’re the people cleaning up after you at a hotel. To the best of my knowledge, the cleaning crew is typically el criado or la criada “servant” - but often la criada means “maid”, both in history and today............. and outside of Batman you rarely are going to see el mayordomo “butler” used, but just in case, there it is
The term mesero/a is directly related to la mesa “table” so they’re specifically the person bringing things to and from the table which no added meanings. To the best of my knowledge this is more common in Latin America; and your camarero/a is probably the cleaning crew
*Note 2: The word músico/a for “musician” is the umbrella term. Most instruments have their own word and frequently end in -ista... such as pianista “pianist”, flautista “flautist” / “flute player”, or baterista “drummer”, as well as guitarrista “guitar player” and bajista “bass player”
You’ll find more specific terms for specific sports, activities, and other skills. Many end in -ista, and some like martial arts have specific works themselves
~
el oficio = occupation / job, job title
el puesto = position
el hueco = vacancy [lit. “a hollow/empty spot” or “gap”; can refer to jobs or empty spaces in schedules/calendars, or it can mean “a hollow” of a tree or a “gap” in something]
el trabajo = job / work
la labor = labor, work [used both for working hard and childbirth]
trabajar = to work
laborar / laburar = to work [regional; especially common in South America or Río de la Plata]
el tajo = “work”, “workplace” [I think this is regional; lit. el tajo is “a slice” or “slash”]
la oficina = office
el bufete = firm [usually law firm]
la compañía = company
la empresa = enterprise
el despacho = office (someone’s personal office; usually for teachers or bosses; this is not the “office” you typically work in, this is someone’s private workspace)
Also worth pointing out - somewhat related - that a “doctor’s office” is frequently el consultorio. It’s specifically the place you go to for a consulta “examination” or “medical exam”; so it’s more the actual building. In some places you will see “the doctor’s” referred to as la clínica “clinic” or “doctor’s (office)”; and in some places el hospital although this is very regional as sometimes el hospital or la clínica can carry different connotations of being privately owned or not
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Buildings and the City [Los Edificios y la Ciudad]
el edificio = building
el rascacielos = skyscraper [lit. “scratches skies”]
el pueblo = town / population (people)
la aldea = village, small town
la ciudad = city
la calle = street / road
el callejón = alley
el coche, el carro, el auto = car [all are regional, all make perfect sense to everyone but they are regionally preferred - Spain tends towards coche, Latin America in general prefers carro, and parts of South America use auto]
la carretera, la autopista = highway
la acera = sidewalk [semi-related la acera is also used in many expressions related to sexually; ser de la otra acera or ser de la acera de enfrente tend to mean “to play for the other team” as in “to be gay”, and literally they mean “to be from the other sidewalk” or “to be from the opposite sidewalk”]
la escuela = school
el instituto = institute / high school [regional]
el colegio = high school [regional]
la universidad = university, college, academy
el banco = bank [el banco can also be “bench” in some places]
el mercado = market, marketplace
el supermercado, el súper = supermarket
la biblioteca = library
la farmacia = pharmacy la droguería = pharmacy [regional]
el hospital = hospital
la clínica = doctor’s office / clinic
la estación = station la estación de tren = train station la estación de policía / la comisaría = police office
el andén = platform
el ayuntamiento = town hall, city hall
la iglesia = church
el catedral = cathedral
la mezquita = mosque
el templo = temple
la sinagoga = synagogue
el parque = park el parque de diversiones = theme park
el monumento = monument
la galería (de arte) = art gallery
la peluquería = hair salon, hairdresser’s
el bufete = law firm
la oficina = office
la fuente = fountain
la estatua = statue
el aeropuerto = airport
el puerto = port
el barco = ship
el muelle / los muelles = docks, wharf
el autobus, el bus = bus
el taxi = taxi
el restaurante = restaurant
el café = cafe
la granja = farm
la finca, la hacienda = estate / plantation [sometimes “farm” but in the sense of “this is the main house on the farmlands”]
la pastelería = bakery (cakes/sweets)
la panadería = bakery (bread)
el centro comercial = shopping center / mall
la librería = bookstore
el castillo = castle
el palacio = palace
la fábrica = factory
el taller = workshop / art studio
el estadio = stadium
el correo / los correos / la oficina de correos = post office [kinda regional, but el correo is “mail” so it all makes sense regardless]
la tienda = store [la tienda literally means “tent”, so you will see it as la tienda de camping “tent (for camping)” as well; this is because people’s shops used to be outside and covered in awnings or tents, or they could be mobile and they’d set up tents to sell goods]
el almacén = department store [lit. “warehouse”]
el museo = museum
el teatro = theater
el cine = movie theater, “the movies”
el acuario = aquarium
el planetario = planetarium el observatorio = observatory
la torre = tower
la fortaleza = fortress
el portal = gate [or “portal”]
la puerta = door
la ventana = window
el cristal = window [lit. “crystal”, but el cristal is commonly used for “a pane of glass” and “windows” in general; it may also refer to “glass” in general... the other word for “glass” is el vidrio which is sometimes more formal or the material, but el cristal can be the glass part of clocks, watches, compasses, etc]
la casa = house
el hogar = home
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In the Kitchen [En la Cocina]
la sal = salt
la pimienta = pepper
el azúcar = sugar
la miel = honey
el agua = water [technically feminine noun]
la grasa = fat
la harina = flour la harina de maíz / la maicena = cornstarch
el ácido = acid
el aceite = oil el aceite de oliva = olive oil el aceite de girasol = sunflower oil el aceite de cártamo = safflower oil el aceite de sésamo = sesame oil el aceite vegetal = vegetable oil el aceite de cacahuete/maní = peanut oil el aceite de coco = coconut oil el aceite de aguacate = avocado oil
el vinagre = vinegar
el huevo = egg
la yema = yolk
la clara (de huevo) = egg white
la tortilla = omelet
[when it’s not the tortillas you see in more Latin American food, a tortilla refers to “omelet”; literally a tortilla refers to “turned/twisted” from torcer, so it originally meant something that was flipped halfway through, or partially folded]
la tortilla de papa / patata = potato omelet [EXTREMELY common dish in Spain] la tortilla española = Spanish tortilla / potato omelet
la tortilla de maíz = corn tortilla la tortilla de harina = flour tortilla
Vegetables [Los Vegetales]
los vegetales = vegetables las verduras = vegetables, greens
la lechuga = lettuce
el tomate = tomato
la zanahoria = carrot
la cebolla = onion
el puerro = leek
el apio = celery
el ajo = garlic el diente de ajo = garlic clove [lit. “tooth of garlic”]
la papa = potato = Latin America la patata = potato [Spain]
(las) papas/patatas fritas = (French) fries / chips [UK] [lit. “fried potatoes”]
la batata = sweet potato el camiote = sweet potato [Central America] el boniato = sweet potato [usually more Rio de la Plata]
la alcachofa = artichoke
la col / el repollo = cabbage
el brócoli = broccoli [has some other regional spellings like brécol or bróculi but generally the same sound-ish]
la coliflor = cauliflower
la col rizada, el repollo rizado = kale [lit. “curly cabbage”] la berza = kale
la calabaza = pumpkin
el calabacín = squash / zucchini / gourd
la berenjena = eggplant, aubergine
el pepino = cucumber
el pimiento = bell pepper [regional]
el chile / el ají = chile pepper
el aguacate = avocado
el hinojo = fennel
la aceituna = olive [regional but the most standard] la oliva = olive [regional]
el hongo = mushroom la seta = mushroom el champiñón = mushroom [all regional but all mostly make sense to everyone else; I believe champiñón is more common in Spain]
el guisante, los guisantes = pea, peas
el nabo = turnip
el rábano = radish
la remolacha = beet el betabel = beet [regional] la betarraga = beet [regional]
la espinaca = spinach
Meat and Fish [La Carne y El Pescado]
la carne = meat / flesh
el pollo = chicken / poultry
el pavo = turkey
el puerco / el cerdo = pork [or “pig”]
el jamón = ham
la salchicha = sausage
el res / (la) vaca = beef [la vaca being “cow”]
la hamburguesa = hamburger
la ternera = veal
el bistec = steak
el lomo (de algo) = loin [usually el lomo de res or el lomo de puerco]
el solomillo = sirloin
el filete = fillet
la albóndiga = meatball [depending on region the exact kind differs, but in general las albóndigas are some kind of meatballs]
el conejo / la liebre = rabbit / hare
la rana = frog
el caracol, los caracoles = snails
el pescado = fish
el bacalao = cod
el salmón = salmon
la platija / el lenguado = flounder
el atún = tuna
la trucha = trout
la pez espada = swordfish
la perca = perch
el esturión = sturgeon
la merluza = hake
el abadejo = pollock
la anguila = eel
la anchoa / el boquerón = anchovy
la sardina = sardine
la almeja = clam
el mejillón = mussel
la ostra = oyster
el calamar = squid
el pulpo = octopus
la vieira = scallop [many regional names here, just saying]
el camarón = shrimp la gamba = prawn, shrimp [both generally mean the same thing, but they are more regional; a gamba is typically bigger in my experience but because they look the same they get used as the same general thing]
el marisco, los mariscos = shellfish, seafood [general term; if you’re being specific, los mariscos mean “anything from the sea”, but if you’re differentiating fish and shellfish you use el pescado for “fish” and los mariscos for “shellfish”]
Dairy [Los Lácteos]
el lácteo, los lácteos = dairy products
la leche = milk
la nata = cream la crema = cream [more or less the same, but some places use one more than the other; everyone understands it though]
el queso = cheese
el yogur = yogurt
la mantequilla = butter la manteca = lard
Starches and Legumes [Los Almidones y Las Legumbres]
el almidón = starch
el maíz = corn
la empanada = empanada / fried dumpling [lit. “covered in bread”, so it can be many things that are covered in dough; I’ve even seen “pot pie” called empanada]
el pan = bread la hogaza = loaf (of bread)
la miga / la migaja = breadcrumb
el trigo = wheat
la avena = oat
los cereales = cereal / grains
el arroz = rice
la pasta = pasta [sometimes “dough”]
el espagueti, los espaguetis = spaghetti
el ñoqui = gnocci
la lasaña = lasagna
los fideos = noodles
la legumbre, las legumbres = legumes
la lenteja, las lentejas = lentils
el frijol, los frijoles = beans la habichuela, las habichuelas = beans la alubia, las alubias = beans la judía, las judías = beans [they all kind of mean “beans”, it’s all regional but frijoles makes me think of Mexico or some parts of Latin America; typically they add a color to specify... so you might see las judías OR las habichuelas verdes for “green beans”, or you might see las habichuelas rojas or los frijoles rojos for “red beans” or “kidney beans”; everyone mostly knows what you’re talking about, don’t worry]
Fruits [Las Frutas]
la fruta = fruit
la manzana = apple
la naranja = orange la mandarina = Mandarin oranges / oranges
el melocotón = peach [Spain] el durazno = peach [Latin America]
la cereza = cherry
el coco = coconut
la piña = pineapple
el albaricoque = apricot [Spain] el damasco = apricot [Latin America] el chabacano = apricot [Mexico]
la uva = grape
la toronja = grapefruit
la fresa = strawberry [in general] la frutilla = strawberry [in some countries; fresa in some countries can be “posh” or “rich”]
la frambuesa = raspberry
la mora = mulberry / blueberry [sometimes la mora azul]
el arándano (azul) = blueberry
el arándano rojo = cranberry
la baya = berry
el higo = fig
el dátil = date
el melón = melon
la sandía = watermelon
la ciruela = plum la ciruela pasa = prune
la pasa, las pasas = raisins [la pasa can refer to any kind of dried fruit, usually it’s “raisins” meaning la uva pasa “raisins” from grapes, or la ciruela pasa “prune” from plums]
el limón = lemon
la lima = lime [sometimes it’s limón for “lime”; it’s very confusing and regional]
la banana = banana el banano = banana [regional; sometimes “banana tree”]
el plátano = plantain / banana [regional]
Nuts [Los Frutos Secos]
los frutos secos = nuts [lit. “dry yieldings”; where fruto as “fruit” refers to anything that a plant produces or “bears”]
el maní / el cacahuete = peanut
la castaña = chestnut
la nuez = walnut
el pistacho = pistachio
el anarcado / la castaña de cajú = cashew
la almendra = almond
la avellana = hazelnut
la semilla = seed
la semilla de girasol = sunflower seed
la semilla de calabaza = pumpkin seed la pipa = pumpkin seed [Spain; la pipa is just “pip” or “seed”] la pepita = pumpkin seed [Mexico; it’s a specific type, but in general la pepita can be a pumpkin seed or a small seed]
la mantequilla/crema de (algo) = butter (of some kind) la mantequilla/crema de cacahuete/maní = peanut butter la mantequilla/crema de almendra = almond butter
Herbs and Spices [Las Hierbas y Las Especias]
la hierba = herb [or “grass”]
la hoja = leaf
el tallo = stem, stalk
la albahaca = basil
el laurel, la hoja de laurel = bay leaf, laurel
el perejil = parsley
el orégano = oregano
la salvia = sage
el romero = rosemary
el tomillo = thyme
el eneldo = dill
el cilantro = cilantro / coriander
la especia = spice
la corteza = bark (of a tree) / crust (of bread/cake)
la raíz = root
la canela = cinnamon
el jengibre = ginger
el clavo = clove [or “nail” or “hoof” in general]
la pimienta = pepper (spice)
la pimienta de Jamaica = allspice [lit. “Jamaica pepper”]
el cardamomo = cardamom
la cúrcuma = turmeric
la nuez moscada = nutmeg
el cilantro = coriander / cilantro
la (semilla de) mostaza = mustard (seed)
molido/a = ground en polvo = ground [lit. “in dust (form)”]
el polvo de ajo = garlic powder el polvo de cebolla = onion powder el polvo de chile/ají = chili powder el polvo de curry = curry powder
la paprika = paprika [often the Hungarian sweet kind] el pimentón = paprika [often the spicy Spanish kind, commonly the spice for chorizo, but pimentón can also be used for “bell pepper” in some places]
la sal = salt la sal marina = seasalt la sal en escamas = flakey salt [lit. “salt in scales”; the escamas are “scales” for fish or reptiles, but en escamas is often the term for “flaked” or “flakey”]
Other Things [Otras Cosas]
el condimento = condiment
la mayonesa = mayonnaise
el ketchup, el catsup = ketchup
la mostaza = mustard
la salsa = sauce / salsa la salsa de tomate = tomato sauce la salsa béchamel / el béchamel = bechamel sauce, cream sauce la salsa de soja = soy sauce
la soja = soy
el vino = wine el vino tinto = red wine el vino blanco = white wine
el jerez = sherry
la cerveza = beer / ale
la mezcla = mix, mixture
la vinagreta = vinaigrette / salad dressing el aderezo (de ensalada) / el arreglo (de ensalada) = salad dressing [el aderezo may also mean “condiments” or “fixings” for other foods, but specifically for salads it’s “dressing”]
el puré = puree / mash, “mashed” / blended (el) puré de papa/patata = mashed potatoes (el) puré de manzana = applesauce [also la compota de manzana which is “apple compote”] (el) puré de calabaza = pumpkin puree, mashed pumpkin
endulzado/a = sweetened
enchilado/a = covered in chiles, covered in a spicy sauce
batido/a = whipped / creamed / scrambled [batir means “to strike” like “to slap”, or “to hit”; it could also be “stirred” and you may see it used along with agitado/a “stirred” or “shaken”]
relleno/a = stuffed el relleno = stuffing / filling
en escabeche = marinated / brined, in brine en salmuera = brined, in brine [el escabeche is “marinade” or “pickling juice”, la salmuera is literally “brine” as in related to salt water]
hervido/a = boiled
adobado/a = marinaded (meat usually), covered in spices / spice rubbed [el adobo can mean a few things but it’s often a spice mix of some kind, sometimes a brine or marinade]
frito/a = fried
horneado/a = baked (in the oven) [from el horno “oven”, but hornear is “to bake” or generally “to use the oven”]
al vapor = steamed [lit. “(cooked) in steam”]
asado/a = roasted / baked
tostado/a = toasted
dorado/a = browned [lit. “made golden” from dorar “to gild” or “to coat in gold”, but in cooking it means “to brown”]
estofado/a = stewed, simmered
al horno = oven-baked [or al forno for Italian things]
encurtido/a = pickled los pepinos encurtidos = pickles [lit. “pickled cucumbers”]
el curtido = ceviche / slaw [generally it depends, but a curtido is some kind of sour marinated dish, and it can be vegetables like “coleslaw” OR it could be some kind of ceviche; if you see a curtido just know it is generally acidic or pickled]
la milanesa = breaded cutlet [anything milanesa refers to something breaded and fried; la milanesa de pollo is “breaded chicken cutlet”, la milanesa de res is “breaded beef cutlet” etc]
el sándwich = sandwich [standard I think (?); sometimes it has alternate spellings/pronunciations]
el bocadillo = sandwich [Spain usually, specifically on a long piece of bread like a baguette; for everyone else this is “mouthful” usually] la torta = sandwich [Mexico, specifically on a round roll] el emparedado = sandwich [I think mostly Spain; it literally means “between walls”]
la masa = dough
el pastel = cake [regional] la torta = cake [in Mexico a torta is a type of sandwich]
la tarta = tart, pie / cake [regional]
la galleta = cookie la galleta salada = cracker [lit. “salted gallete”]
la tostada = toast (a piece of toast)
glaseado/a = frosted/iced
el glaseado = frosting/icing la escarcha = frosting/icing [lit. “frost”] [you may also see la cobertura “topping” OR el baño “bath” as frosting or icing, it all depends]
la confitura = jam, jelly, compote, preserves la confitura de (algo) = (something) confit/compote/preserves
la jalea = jelly
la mermelada = jam, jelly, preserves, marmalade
la crema batida = whipped cream
el dulce, los dulces = sweet thing, sweets / possibly candy
la gomita = gummy candy
la golosina = candy [in general; kind of like the category like “confection”; all candies are golosinas really]
el chocolate = chocolate
la vainilla = vanilla
el helado = ice cream
dulce = sweet
agrio/a = sour, bitter ácido/a = sour, tart
amargo = bitter, sour
agridulce = bittersweet, sweet and sour
salado/a = salty, salted
picante = spicy [sometimes picoso/a or enchiloso/a though enchiloso/a to me implies a chile]
duro/a = hard
blando/a = soft
suave = smooth
espeso/a = thick [mixtures]
crujiente = crunchy
grasoso/a = greasy
aceitoso/a = oily
empalagoso/a, empalagante = cloyingly sweet, sickly sweet
seco/a = dry
mojado/a = wet empapado/a = soaked, wet
el sabor = taste
crudo/a = raw
cocido/a = cooked bien cocido/a = “well done” [for steaks]
Beverages [Las Bebidas]
la bebida = beverage, drink
el café = coffee
el tueste = roast [for coffee] el tueste claro = light roast coffee el tueste oscuro = dark roast tostado/a = roasted/toasted
el té = tea el té negro = black tea el té verde = green tea el té helado = iced tea
el té (de algo) = (some kind of) tea el té de manzanilla = chamomile tea el té de hierbas / el té herbal = herbal tea
el alcohol = alcohol
el trago = a shot (of alcohol)
(andar/salir) de copas = to go out drinking [la copa is “wine glass”, related to the word “goblet”, so de copas is “out drinking” in a way]
el vaso (de agua) = glass (of water)
la taza (de té/café) = cup/mug (of tea/coffee) / teacup or coffee cup/mug
la copa = glass (of wine)
el refresco = soda [regional] la gaseosa = soda [regional] la bebida gaseosa = soft drink
la soda = soda [can also be “seltzer water” or “club soda”]
con gas = carbonated, “sparkling” [lit. “with gas” sin gas = uncarbonated, “flat”
la cidra = cider
el vino = wine el vino tinto = red wine el vino blanco = white wine
el champán = champagne
la cerveza = beer la caña = draft beer [at least in Spain; idk about everywhere else; lit. caña is “reed” or “tube” so it means it comes from a keg or spigot or something is “on tap”]
el ron = rum
la ginebra = gin
el vodka = vodka
el whiskey, el whisky = whiskey el (whiskey) escocés = scotch [lit. “Scottish (whiskey)”]
la limonada = lemonade
el zumo = juice [Spain] el jugo = juice [Latin America, usually]*
la pulpa = pulp sin pulpa = no pulp
el hielo = ice con hielo = with ice sin hielo = without ice sobre hielo = on ice / over ice / “on the rocks”
mezclado/a = mixed
*el jugo is used sometimes in Spain, often with “meat juices” and jugoso/a is still “juicy” in many countries, but it’s more common in Spain for fruit juices to be zumo... whether it’s zumo de naranja “orange juice” or zumo de manzana “apple juice” etc
Some common drinks to know: la sangría is “sangria” [lit. “bloodletting” related to la sangre “blood”] which is wine with fruit. Since sangria can be kind of touristy, some places tend to have tinto de verano “summer red wine” which is often cheap red wine and some kind of fruit soda like sparkling lemonade or orange soda. Another common one is la clara which is beer and sparkling lemonade [I think close to a “shandy” in English though lord knows I rarely call it that]
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Meals [Las Comidas]
el aperitivo = appetizer
las tapas = tapas, appetizers [typically more of a Spain thing]
el plato fuerte = main dish, entree [lit. “strong dish”] el plato principal = main dish, entree
la ensalada = salad
la sopa = soup
el caldo = broth
el estofado = stew
el desayuno = breakfast [standard, but also sometimes regional where desayuno might be very early or more sweet]
la comida = lunch / meal [in general] el almuerzo = lunch [US/UK; for most other places it’s a midmorning meal]
la merienda = snack / teatime, high tea
la cena = dinner
el postre = dessert
la comida ligera = light meal
la comida basura = junk food
There’s so much to say about eating schedules in Spanish vs English but really your experience will be different depending on if the country has a siesta culture. Just know many of the words can be HIGHLY regional
In most Spanish-speaking countries la comida is “lunch” [lit. “food”]; but in the US we typically say el almuerzo as a meal that happens at noon. Depending on where you are your entire eating schedule is different but in the US we have three meals - el desayuno, el almuerzo, la cena. Your exact meal schedule will depend on the country you’re in
¡Buen provecho! = Bon Appetit, “Dig In” [said before eating]
¡Salud! = Cheers! [lit. “health”, said before drinking during a toast] ¡Chin-chin! = Cheers! [a less formal toast, it’s literally the sound of glasses clinking together so it implies everyone sort of touches their glasses before drinking; chin-chin is often said with salud at these times so you’ll probably hear them both at the same time at an informal party/occasion]
la sobremesa = “dinner conversation” [a culture concept; la sobremesa literally is “above table” but it’s the word for talking and hanging out with friends and family over a meal, sort of like chitchat or conversation... it’s the act of growing closer “at the table”]
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School Subjects [Las Materias]
la escuela = school
la tarea = homework / task
la materia = school subject
las matemáticas (mate / las mates) = mathematics, math
el álgebra = algebra [technically feminine]
la geometría = geometry
el cálculo = calculus [or “calculations”, it can be used like “I did the math” or “I ran the numbers”... that’s cálculo too]
la ciencia = science
la biología = biology
la química = chemistry
la física = physics
la informática = computer sciences, IT
la historia = history
la geografía = geography
los estudios sociales = social studies
las bellas artes = fine arts [arte is typically masculine, but in certain contexts it’s feminine - usually for las bellas artes or las artes marciales “martial arts”]
la literatura = literature
la escritura = writing / creative writing la narrativa = writing / creative writing [la narrativa means “narrative” but also could mean “storycraft”, as in one’s ability to write/tell a story]
el arte = art
la música = music
el drama = drama, theater [masculine] el teatro = theater (place and a subject)
el idioma = language [masculine] la lengua = language [lit. “tongue”]
la lengua y literatura = language arts [lit. “language and literature”] las artes del lenguaje = language arts
la poesía = poetry
la comunicación = communication
la traducción = translation
la psicología = psychology [sometimes it’s written as sicología without the P; they’re both correct, but psicología is more common]
la sociología = sociology
la medicina = medicine
el Derecho = Law [often capitalized; by itself el derecho means “a right”]
la contabilidad = accounting
la enseñanza = teaching
la educación físicia = physical education, PE / gym
la gimnasia = gym [it also is “gymnastics”, or basic “physical exercise”]
el deporte / los deportes = sport / sports
el atletismo = track and field / athletics [sometimes “track and field” is (la) pista y (el) campo but pista y campo might also be el atletismo]
(el) tiro al blanco = archery / darts [lit. “the act of shooting at the target”, but el tiro “shooting” can also refer to guns as well]
la esgrima = fencing
la natación = swimming [the noun, not the verb]
Many sports-related things are influenced by Greek traditions - la gimnasia as “gym” or “physical exercise” or “gymnastics” literally means “things pertaining to the gymnasium” which is where people would work out or play certain sports or exercise. And similarly el atletismo means “track and field” because it referred to the kind of sports professional athletes practiced in Greece or practiced for the Olympics... specifically the ones that used to be done outside, such as el maratón “marathon”, running, etc. Obviously we don’t have the discus or horseracing in most schools, but the Greek influence is there. And because el atleta means “athlete”, el atlestismo also refers to “athletics” in general
#Spanish#langblr#spanish vocabulary#language learning#learn Spanish#vocabulario#learning spanish#so much vocab#ref#long post
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Joaquin Sorolla - Pescadora Valenciana, 1916 (detail)
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Pescadoras Valencianas (detail)
Valencian Fisherwomen
1903, oil on canvas
Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (1863-1923, Spanish)
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La cosa, cuando te casas, es que nunca vuelves a estar sola, me dijo Isabel, y es bien bonito estar sola, me dijo también, y era cierto, esto lo digo yo.
Me quedo sola de 8 a 6 cuando Codelo se va a la oficina y yo trabajo desde casa, lo que no es frecuente pero que a veces me permito.
También me quedo sola cuando me quedo en mi idioma. Esta es una soledad bien particular porque se siente como un refugio y una prisión al mismo tiempo, según la luz vaya cambiando de tonalidad. Cuando era niña acostumbraba meterme en espacios estrechos, casi siempre el recoveco debajo del fregadero, la pila de las jergas o, mi favorita, una caja de cartón del tamaño de una estufa.
Ahí me protegía, cuidaba mi soledad.
Afuera, el mundo seguía ocurriendo como era acostumbrado.
Después de un rato me asaltaba la duda de si yo había elegido estar sola o si el mundo lo había decidido por mí.
Hay una canción que habla sobre esto, ojalá pudiera recordarla, probablemente sea de Juan Gabriel. Estos días me anda fallando la memoria, olvidé una conversación con Maribel y otra con Perla, datos importantes, no tonterías, y ayer en la bici sentí que se me olvidaba cómo girar a la derecha; aunque estos procesos pertenecen a regiones distintas del cerebro, el maniobrar no tiene que ver con la memoria. Ya no sé qué estoy diciendo.
Pienso en los gatos, que según ellos son muy independientes, pero se la pasan observándote por el rabillo del ojo.
Quedarme sola en horario de oficina me es insuficiente. Secretamente anhelo la soledad del desierto, el silencio absoluto y la noche cerrada, y la sensación de desamparo que precede a las palpitaciones. Absurdo, mil veces absurdo, habitar un cuerpo programado para el sufrimiento.
Se aproximan las 6, las manecillas de pixeles corren y se termina este remedo de soledad. La simulación es buena cuando eres niña y te sueltan en un parque, en un gigantesco barco metálico para jugar a que eres pirata, princesa o pescadora, pero sólo un rato porque las piratas no existen y las princesas están outdated y las pescadoras no ganan suficiente dinero, por eso ultimadamente acabarás largándote del mar. La simulación es mala cuando eres adulta y has abandonado no sólo el océano, sino el contrato de ficción. Ya no cabes en los espacios estrechos y al barco metálico del parque lo han cambiado por un brincolín.
No estoy sola, no he vuelto a estar sola, me acompañan las palabras de Isabel.
Lo cierto es que yo invitaba a los adultos a entrar a mi caja de cartón, esperaba sus felicitaciones pues había decorado las paredes con estampitas y abierto unos tragaluces con exacto para que entrara el oxígeno, pero a nadie le interesaba entrar y, de todas maneras, no habrían podido, en mi refugio no cabía nada que no fuera mi cuerpecillo de ocho años.
También lo cierto es que los sábados despierto a las 5 de la mañana y el Codelo duerme hasta las 10. Esta es una soledad que, aunque no es plena, tampoco se siente como una simulación. La computadora sería una variación de mi antigua caja.
Estoy adentro. Afuera el mundo sigue su curso. Me asomo desde el rabillo del ojo.
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Pescadoras y tejedoras // Fisherwomen and knitters
SPA: Las mujeres de la industria pesquera del arenque en Escocia trabajaban desde el amanecer hasta el atardecer destripando, salando y empaquetando pescado.
Además, en ratos libres tejían los tradicionales ganseys o guernsey, jerseys tejidos en cinco agujas sin un patrón típicos entre los pescadores de la zona.
No solo colaboraban en la economía familiar sino que también proveían de jerseys calentitos y resistentes al agua a sus maridos, hermanos, hijos y novios.
No participaban en política ni en guerras, pero su aportación a la economía y la sociedad es indudable.
ENG: Women in the herring fishing industry in Scotland worked from dawn to dusk gutting, salting and packaging fish.
Additionally, in their free time they knitted the traditional ganseys or guernsey, sweaters woven on five needles without a pattern, typical among the fishermen of the area.
Not only did they contribute to the family economy, but they also provided warm, water-resistant sweaters to their husbands, brothers, children, and boyfriends.
They did not participate in politics or wars, but their contribution to the economy and society is undoubted.
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Governo federal disponibiliza R$ 250,5 milhões para execução do PAA via Conab
Terão prioridade de venda ao PAA povos indígenas, comunidades tradicionais, assentados da reforma agrária, pescadores(as), juventude rural, entre outros, assegurando a justiça de gênero, com participação de no mínimo 50% de mulheres
A Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento (Conab) conta com R$ 250,5 milhões para a operação do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA). O montante foi repassado para a Conab pelo Ministério do Desenvolvimento e Assistência Social, Família e Combate à Fome (MDS). A maior parte do orçamento será destinada para a Compra com Doação Simultânea (CDS), mas também haverá recursos para execução de outras…
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#agircultores familiares#agricultoras familiares#Agricultura#agricultura familiar#Conab#indígenas#mulheres#PAA#pescadoras#pescadores#programa de aquisição de alimentos#quilombolas
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20 questions for fic writers!
Thanks for the retro-tag @phdmama and because I'm friends with @sassy-cissa!
It's all under the cut! Note: Assume all fics are Drarry unless otherwise noted.
How many works do you have on AO3? 60 including 1 under Anon.
What's your total AO3 Word Count? ~1.6M (552K of that is one fic. LOL)
What fandoms do you write for? Harry Potter and only Harry Potter
What are your top 5 fics by Kudos? Survival of the Species (47K) Jolene (21.5K) Double Edged Sword (552K) This Ain't the Garden of Eden (131K) Jolene Deux (5K)
Do you respond to comments? Why or why not? Yes, though I missed quite a few when I was on hiatus. I love engaging with readers and seeing what in my stories struck their fancy. I've made some great friends over the years through comments on my fic.
What is the fic you wrote with the angstiest ending? There are No Innocent Vampires (31K). This is a Scarry fic (both are adults). I do have a few others.
What’s the fic you wrote with the happiest ending? Uh, most of them. But if forced to choose, Silver and Gold (70.6K) with Wolf!Draco!
Do you get hate on fics? OMG Yes. My first fic, Double Edged Sword in its earliest chapters was sporked on Deleterius. It’s a wonder I ever wrote again, but I was so pissed off at the Drarry writer who did it, I carried on. Thankfully the site went bye bye. And I also learned from that fic never ever have either Harry or Draco have an affair with Charlie Weasley. LOL. More currently, I just had to lock my current WIP this week because of a troll. ☹
Do you write smut? If so, what kind? I write both slash and het but it's not my fav thing to do. I only put it in when it fits a scene and it can take me days and days to write that scene.
Do you write crossovers? What’s the craziest one you’ve written? No
Have you ever had a fic stolen? Yes, twice. Doubled Edged Sword was brought over to FFN and Survival of the Species brought over to adultfanfiction. The latter was quite funny because someone opened an account using my name to post it.
Have you ever had a fic translated? Yes but now I'm sad. Almost all of my translated fics are gone. *sobs* The sites they were posted on no longer exist. However, my fav translations were done by Pescadora and her team at Intruders Slashzine. They translated the following in Spanish. And they're beautiful. *happy sigh* Jolene Jolene Deux Silver and Gold
Have you ever co-written a fic before? Yes, me and 9 of my friends…I think we’re still friends. *just kidding* We each wrote a chapter for this story. If you like Case Fic and haven’t read it, give it a shot. Level Two: Series One
What’s your all-time favourite ship? Drarry but I do write for other ships both slash and het and also Gen. I mainly read Drarry but also the others mentioned. I just really enjoy good plotty HP stories.
What’s a WIP you want to finish but doubt you ever will? After I finish my current WIP, The Azkaban Letters, (Drarry and Haphne) that I started in 2007, and finish another one I also started in 2007 at Christmas, I’ll be done with all WIPs I’ve posted on AO3. I do have a few in my personal files. One, which I have 30K written for and it’s Scarry. It's the Scarry one I have my doubts about.
What are your writing strengths? Plot and world building. Some folks like my dialogue. I try.
What are your writing weaknesses? Well besides the smut already mentioned, character analysis and slow burn. Definitely more of action/adventure writer.
Thoughts on writing dialogue in another language in fic? No no no. Did it once for Double Edged Sword. It was in Russian for which I had a translator or 3 write out the text for me and give me final approval. To this day I still get Russian readers disagreeing with the text.
First fandom you wrote for? Harry Potter and still here.
Favourite fic you’ve written? This is hard, but for personal reasons, I’d have to say This Ain’t the Garden of Eden. It was the first story I wrote after an almost ten-year break. I had to shut down my muse back then almost overnight, and I wasn’t sure it could be revived. I'm tagging any other writer who wants to join the fun! Free Tag!
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Un nido de águilas pescadoras en Punta Chueca
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'cause they took your loved ones, but returned them in exchange for you. but would you have it any other way? (...) you couldn't have it any other way, 'cause she's a cruel mistress and a bargain must be made.
001. | 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐀𝐒𝐓𝐄𝐑 𝐆𝐔𝐍𝐍𝐄𝐑 : basic details
nome completo: mariana contreras hernández.
conhecida como: hopper.
pronomes: ela/dela.
idade: 29 anos.
signo: tba.
alinhamento moral: neutra.
mbti: tba.
ocupação: pirata (mestre de armas).
lealdade: neutra (tende à bondade).
sexualidade: homossexual homorromântica.
traços positivos: engraçada, inteligente, persistente e respeitosa.
traços negativos: desconfiada, impaciente, supersticiosa e transtornada.
conto: peter pan.
inspirações: frenchie, jim e oluwande (our flag means death), nami (one piece).
faceclaim: christian serratos.
002. | 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐀𝐒𝐓𝐄𝐑 𝐆𝐔𝐍𝐍𝐄𝐑 : background
A água dá e a água tira. Mariana era uma pescadora, seguindo a tradição que era passada de geração em geração por sua família. O respeito que os Hernández tinham para com a água, fossem os rios, os oceanos ou as marés, era fenomenal, e retribuído de bom grado por ela, que sempre os afortunou com bons resultados após um longo dia trabalhando em seus barcos pesqueiros. A cidadezinha em que viviam prosperava com os frutos que a baía lhe rendia; nunca eram incomodados e muito menos incomodavam ninguém, mas existia um pequeno percalço em toda aquela calmaria. Um porto abandonado ficava não muito longe do centro, pequeno, mas grande o suficiente para que uma embarcação de porte maior pudesse atracar. Nunca o utilizavam, afinal, a maioria das famílias pescadoras viviam próximas o suficiente da água para que pudessem zarpar de seus próprios quintais, então a maioria até esquecia de sua existência; ninguém nem lembrava ao certo de sua origem.
É engraçado como o pior dia da vida de uma pessoa pode começar tão bem. Havia passado toda a manhã no mar, preparando-se para uma grande feira que ocorreria na cidade no dia seguinte. Precisava conseguir os melhores peixes, sua família contava com isso. Estava só, pois os preparativos já haviam começado e vários moradores, seus pais e irmãos incluídos, ficaram responsabilizados por decorar a praça e montar a estrutura da festividade. Serena e focada, como sempre ficava quando estava à “deriva”, os olhos atentos à superfície cristalina. As horas se passaram em um relance, mas já havia pego o suficiente para ter um dia seguinte extremamente lucrativo. Estava longe da costa, mas não distante o suficiente para não perceber a embarcação atracada ao antigo porto, o que lhe causou estranhamento, visto que os visitantes que costumavam vir à feira atracavam no pequeno píer da cidade ou vinham pelas estradas.
Apenas quando seu barco atingiu as margens do quintal de sua casa que percebeu que havia algo extremamente errado. Primeiro, uma calmaria ensurdecedora e agoniante, que logo deu lugar a uma enxurrada de gritos e correria. A cidade estava sob ataque, e não conseguia encontrar a família em lugar algum no meio daquela confusão - os homens brandindo espadas e armas antigas afungentavam e feriam qualquer um entre eles e as mercadorias já organizadas na praça.
Procurou por todos os lugares e nem mesmo um sinal, escapando dos invasores até não poder mais. Estava cercada por eles e pelo mar às suas costas, preparada para atacar com unhas e dentes qualquer um que se aproximasse, quando ouviu o eco de um grito extremamente familiar que lhe mandava fugir. Não teria o feito se não fosse por isso, e pelo ataque súbito feito pelas pessoas ao seu redor, e nem teria conseguido fazê-lo se não estivesse estrategicamente próxima de uma pequena canoa. Correu, empurrou a embarcação para a água, pulou dentro e remou até não poder mais - os tiros por pouco não atingindo à ela e à canoa -, assistindo à medida que a cidade ficava cada vez mais distante.
Quando se deu conta de que estava distante o suficiente, já se encontrava realmente à deriva, cansada, desidratada e faminta demais para conseguir segurar os remos. E provavelmente deve ter desmaiado e navegado ao relento por longas horas, pois quando acordou, viu-se em um convés rodeada por homens que pareceram assustadíssimos quando abriu os olhos e chutou um pobre coitado que estava mais próximo. Recuperados do susto - e do chute -, deram-lhe água, comida e chamaram o capitão, que, supostamente, decidiria o destino da jovem.
A resposta foi curta e grossa: poderia ficar, contanto que contribuísse. E como agradeceu os anos e anos de experiência manejando as embarcações da família, que fizeram com que sua adaptação fosse ainda mais veloz do que o esperado por qualquer um deles. É claro, não pretendia passar o resto de sua vida ali, precisava reencontrar a família a todo custo - não aceitava nem mesmo pensar que poderiam estar mortos -, mas os dias se tornaram semanas, que se tornaram meses, e aquelas pessoas acabaram por se tornar quase como uma nova família para ela, que tão bem se adaptou à vida de pirata vivida pelo grupo, e se provou extremamente útil em combate, principalmente quando resolvia saltar pelos conveses inimigos, derrubando até mesmo marujos experientes, porém, desavisados, o que lhe rendeu o apelido de Hopper - que acabou se tornando sua alcunha ali, visto que se recusava a dizer seu verdadeiro nome.
Jamais desistiria dos parentes, é claro, mas lembrar-se de seu objetivo pessoal se tornava cada vez mais difícil depois de tantos anos, principalmente quando ofuscado por seu novo estilo de vida, e pelos próprios objetivos duvidosos de seu capitão…
003. | 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐀𝐒𝐓𝐄𝐑 𝐆𝐔𝐍𝐍𝐄𝐑 : anything else?
Hopper é a atual mestre de armas do Jolly Roger. Já teve as mais diversas funções nos cinco ou seis anos em que fez parte da tripulação - já havia parado de contar há muito tempo -, mas só recentemente, há cerca de um ano e meio, conseguiu subir na hierarquia.
004. | 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐌𝐀𝐒𝐓𝐄𝐑 𝐆𝐔𝐍𝐍𝐄𝐑 : abilities
under co.
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