#olentzero

[yami11arts]

Happy Olentzero Day In north of spain in special Vasque zone are celebrates the Olentzero, is like Santa Claus and Christmas celebration, I made Ryme like Mari Domingi , Olentzero's wife If are know, the town are Ryme gym , Montenevera , in spanish version is named Hozkailu are a Basque word (is literally Nevera in spanish translation) and how this region is based in spain, and im Basque i need mades this little tribute

[beautiful-basque-country]

Media:

"Learn about Gau Beltza, the Basque Halloween, that has Celtic origins"

but

"All Saints' Day is a public holiday since Saints are honored"

also

"Know the tale of Olentzero, the mythological Basque Santa Claus".

but

"Who were the actual Three Wise Men?"

It's irritating that every Basque tradition is considered a copy from the US - or actually brought from anywhere else - and based on fairytales while Spanish traditions are based on very Spanish and much Spanish historical events and real people.

[mask131]

I was trying to look around to see if I could find some more information about Père Noël in its pre-Americanized incarnation online, but unfortunately most websites share the misinformation that "Père Noël" only existed from the 50s onward and was a French invention... No. [Note: I know books exist folks, but I precisely wanted to do a web research first]

There is only one website that does not share this idea and does identify Père Noël as a typical French figure that was then overtaken by the American Santa Claus, and the most fascinating thing is that it points out (despite previous sources I shared claiming "Père Noël" was first recorded in literature in the mid-19th century, by people describing their youth around the turn of the 18th-19th century) that Père Noël seems to have existed since the Middle-Ages, with texts referring to "Père Noël" or to "Monseigneur Noël". But it does recognize that the Père Noël traditions really boomed in the 19th century and were associated with the bourgeoisie of the time...

The website in question however is mostly focused on the various local, regional incarnations of the gift-giver - because as with many things in France, this tradition is rather a set of various regional and localized specificities that were ultimately synthetized into one entity.

It reminds that in the Lorraine and Alsace region, the Germanic cultures and German influences make it so that Saint Nicholas and Christkindl are still the main gift-givers. In Lorraine it is Saint Nicolas who is most honored (he is after all the saint patron of Lorraine). Appearing in his bishop outfit that makes him look a lot like Santa Claus (thick white beard, large clothes of red and white), every 6th of December he brings gifts and treats to nice children - while naughty children are confronted by his dreaded companion, Père Fouettard dressed in blacks, who beats up with a stick bad children. Saint Nicolas is also still strongly celebrated in the North of France (aka, what is above the Parisian region, because despite what some foreigners believe, Paris is not part of the North).

While in Alsace it is the Christkindl that still goes strongly, with Hans Trapp as its own Père Fouettard. The website briefly reminds that Christkindl is an avatar/incarnation of the Child-Christ, or Baby Jesus, that ended up being fused with the 23rd of December Saint, Sainte Lucie (Saint Lucia), resulting in this unique Christmas figure appearing as a woman dressed in white with a crown made of fir branches topped by four candles. It also reminds how Christkindl stays a symbol of Protestant end-of-the-year celebrations, as they pushed the Christkindl figure to oppose and replaced the Catholic celebrations of Saint Nicolas. Finally, there is an Alsace-specific legend that claims Hans Trapp actually originated as an Alsacian lord that tyrannized his people - Hans von Trotha, the 15th century lord of Wissembourg.

[Given the Alsace region has a lot of website pages about its traditions I'll place here in brackets informations from other websites:

The Christkindl, also written Christkindel or Chriskindla, is a Christian figure that is supposed to be an embodiment of L'Enfant Jésus, Child Jésus (the name comes from Christ-Kindel ; Christus-Kindlein, Christus als Kind), but definitively was influenced by Saint Lucia, who is very big in Scandinavia. In fact, Saint Lucia and the Christkindl look a lot like each other - female entities dressed in white with a crown of candles... Though the Christkindl can appear both as an adult woman and as a little girl, and also tends to have white veils. People tend to also find in Christkindl remnants of the Germanic goddess Berchta. No need to tell you that the Christkindl is big in all parts of the world influenced by German culture - Germany, Austria, northern Italy, Croatia, Slovenia, Switzerland, Czech Republic, and even some parts of Brazil, the ones where there was strong German imigration.

The Christkindl appeared in the 16th century with the Protestant Reform. Up until this point the day of Saint Nicolas was a very big thing in Alsace - saint-patron of school students, he offered good children mandarines and "manala" (a brioche in shape of a child). But the Protestants did not agree with this (Protestants were known to strongly dislike saints in general), and so they replaced the saint with the Christic figure of Christkindl, while keeping Père Fouettard/Hans Trapp (whose job was to threaten with stern lectures naughty children... or take them in a bag to abandon them in the deep dark woods). The change occured over the 16th century, from 1530-1536 (last mentions of Saint Nicolas in Alsace) to 1570 (first mention of Christkindl, when the Klausemärik was replaced by Christkindelmärk). In fact, Christkindl still has some Saint Nicolas traits - she also goes around with a donkey, named Peckeresel, which carries two bags, one for the treats (mandarines and bredalas), one for the whips. People left hay or carrots for the donkey to eat by the front door. Pastor Johannes Flinner made a strong public attack against saint Nicolas in Strasbourg during the "cultural transition", by pointing out that distributing gifts to all should be the prerogative of the Christ and no one else.

During the 20th century the Christkindl lost popularity in Alsace (jee, I wonder why France would like to bury Germanic traditions in the century of World War II) - but it returned in the traditions from the 1990s onward.

Fascinatingly, despite being supposedly a Christ-figure of an angel, the Christkindl, or White Lady, is also frequently called in alsace, a "fée", a fairy, la fée de Noël, the Christmas fairy. It doesn't help that she sometimes carry around a wand with a star at the tip, that is strikingly reminding of the stereotypical fairy-wand. Another irony of fate - despite the Christkindl being brought over to replace Saint Nicolas, the two currently still coexist in Alsace thanks to people not wanting to abandon the good old bishop. A third fun fact: originally the Christkindl could be played as much by women as by men, due to being a truly androgynous entity. From the 16th century onward, the Saint Nicolas celebrations were replaced in Alsace by parades of teenagers of both sexes dressed in white, going from door to door to give gifts and sing Christmas songs. However you can't have teenage boys and girls go around late at night without getting some problems... And those "Saint Nicolas hook-ups" were a real problem in Alsace, you have records from the 17th and 18th centuries pointing out how authorities have to try to refrain all the Christkindl from... well you know.]

The next entity presented is the famous Pays Basque character of Olentzero, whose appearance is that of a coal-man. Well a bizarre coal man - he has a bag filled with coal in one hand, a sickle in the other, a large beard on his face and a béret on his head. According to the Basque-version of the Nativity lore, he lived at the top of the mountains but saw in the sky the announcement of the birth of Kixmi (Basque name for Jésus), and he descended from his mountains to announce the good news. While he is the gift-giver of Pays Basque, leaving gifts for children in the night between the 24th and 25th of December, entering in the house by the chimney ; he is also a bogeyman figure, as he was a scary-looking man who was said to take away in a bag naughty children. As with everything Basque, Olentzero is actually a pre-Christian figure, as the very name of the character is related to the "pagan" winter solstice celebrations of the old Basque religion.

[Again, time to bring some more information from other websites to make sure I give a more complete portrait:

Long story short, because the Basque folklore is very well documented and I can't spend too much time on this, the Olentzero (or Olentzaro, Orentzaro, Omentzaro, Orantzaro...) is at the same time the Basque name for Christmas and the Basque figure of the coal-man that brings gifts during Christmas. He is supposed to be a grotesque character - rude, fat, dirty, gluttonous, his face blackened by soot, with worn-out clothes... He is basically a caricature of mountain-men and forest-men. Sometimes he is even given monstrous traits such as "having as many eyes as there are days in the year, plus one" - which is reminding of a French being of the New Year folklore called L'Homme aux Nez who also has as many noses as there are days in the year...He typically holds branches of gorse in one hand and a sickle in the other.

He comes down from the mountains, enters houses by chimneys, goes into the kitchen once everybody goes to sleep to eat all leftover food, and he warms himself by the fire - either you had to leave a log burning just for him, either he used the flames of the fire to burn his gorse branches. In fact, "olentzero" was also the name of a special log that was left bruning in the fireplace from Christmas to the 1st or 6th of January. This theme of the "coal man" of winter or the burning of branches all answers to a deep motif of bringing back light and heat in the heart of the cold and the dark. Him holding a sickle has made people draw parallel between him and the figure of Saturn/Kronos.

In fact, there is an old tradition, long before the Olentzero was embodied by a disguised man or by a mannequin paraded through the villages, to embody the character simply by the sickle. The sickle hanged by the chimney, as a threat to all disobedient children, to all lying children, and to all children that refused to go to bed. Another symbol of the Olentzero, outside of the sickle and the coal-sack, is a wine-bag or wine-bottle that he carries around, because to add to the grotesque he is also a drunkard, and according to stories it is because he gets often drunk that his wife regularly beats him. (Because yes the Olentzero has a wife, a character named Mari Domingi and who is typically depicted wearing a medieval regional outfit). However it seems that all this grotesqueness is simply due to the Olentzero being a character from the old Basque mythology that got Christianized - think of how the Dagda of Celtic mythology also got more buffoonish/clownesque/grotesque as time passed. We do know that the roots and origins of the character lie in the valley of Bidassoa...)

Today gone is the creepy bogeyman and grotesque glutton ; the Olentzero has evolved into a kinder, nicer, cleaner incarnation that is closer to the Père Noël traditions. For example he now parades through streets during the day, riding a horse (pottok) or by foot, giving children candies and sweets (including fake-coal actually made of sugar) ; and the legend claims he goes down from the mountain to offer coal and wood-logs to the poor families that can't afford fuel for their fire]

And finally, we find back our good old Père Janvier! Here we have most of the same info as previous. Père Janvier was a Bourgogne character, most present in the Morvan and Nivernais regions up until the 1930s. He brings gifts in the night between the 31st of December and the 1st of January by going through the chimney - chimney which must be decorated with holy and mistletoe. Père Janvier (Father January) typically looks like a skinny old man with a long white beard, dressed in a brown monk-like robe, and he is usually bent due to wearing on his back a heavy wicker basket filled with toys. And he too has for companion the Père Fouettard.

Most interestingly, the website mentions "Père Janvier variations" across France, most notably the Savoie character of Père Chalande, and the Normandie character of Barbassioné.

More information from other website. Le Père Chalande (or Papa Chalande, Daddy Chalande) was indeed a figure of the Savoie region, but also of the Dauphiné, and he was also present in Geneva. Martyne Perrot, in her book "Faut-il croire au Père Noël? Idées reçues sur Noël" even lists the area of action of this figure as: Savoie, Suisse romande, Bresse, Forez, Ardèche, Gard, Lozère and Hérault. He is basically identical to Père Noël because "Chalande" is just an old word for "Noël" (Christmas) in the regional language known as arpitan.

There was a traditional song that went as such: Chalande est venu / Son chapeau pointu / Sa barbe de paille / Cassons les anailles (noisettes) / Mangeons du pain blanc / Jusqu’à Nouvel An. / Il monte dans sa chambre / Il trouve une orange / Il la pluche / Il la mange / On l’appelle le petit gourmand. / Il descend les escaliers / Il se casse le bout du nez / Il va chez le cordonnier / Se faire mettre une pièce au nez / Quand il est malade / Il mange de la salade / Quand il est guéri / Il mange des souris/ Toutes pourries !

I can't translate the full song, but it refers to various traditions. For example leaving an orange for Père Chalande ; Père Chalande wearing a "beard of straw and a pointy hat" (leftovers of Saint Nicolas, especially the pointy hat) ; Père Chalande giving "anailles" (walnuts) to children ; and the habit of placing inside the Christmas log (real log of the fire) chestnuts, so that the burning of the Christmas log doubled as the cooking of the wintery treats. Raymond Christinger wrote in 1965, in a set of research about Geneva folklore, an article studying the character of Chalande, if you know how to read French: here.

While doing Chalande research I stumbled upon a Swiss theory brought forward by a journalist named Bernard Léchot - I don't know how accurate this is when it comes to actual evolution of Christmas figures, but here it is. According to him, the Christmas archetype of the "Old Man" actually comes 18th century Germany. In this era of rationalism, the German Protestant landgraves decided to introduce some laicity to their country, and so cut-off all characters close to Christianity from their Christmas celebrations (from Saint Nicholas to Christkindl). As a result, pagan figures returned, including the Old Man in the shape of Weihnachtsmann. Which then spread to other European countries, each land creating its variation: Bonhomme Noël in France, Father Christmas in England, Père Chalande in Savoie.

As for the Barbassioné of Normandie, I found nothing about him. As in every says it is the Normandie name of Père Noël, but he doesn't have any specific thing to his character.

To conclude, I will link you to a page documenting a Père Noël/Christmas beings exposition that collected various visuals of the history of the Christmas gift-givers through time, right here.

And through it you will see the evolution from the "Scandinavian ancestors" (Thor and Odin) and Saint Nicolas (celebrated in Germanic countries and the Alsace region), to the American Santa Claus and the British "Old Father Christmas", passing by the Germanic Knecht Ruprecht, the also Germanic Weihnachtsmann, the Christinkindel (of Germany, Belgium and Alsace), the Jultomte of Sweden, and the Enfant Jésus/Child-Jesus of France and Italy...

Without forgetting the French Bonhomme Noël, the Italian Befana, the regional ancestors of Père Noël (Tante Arie, Père Chalande, or the Breton Ted Nedelec), the Russian Ded Moroz, and Mère Noël (Mother Christmas)... With additional sections about Santa Claus in advertisements, the theme of "outlaw Father Christmas", Père Noël during the World Wars, and more...

[michael-garciart]

MERRY XMAS!

[salem-house-press]

Olentzero the toy maker.

[politaxl]

Últimas dos unidades de este vestido!!! Quedan tallas 50/52 y 54/56 Todavía estás a tiempo de pedírselo a Olentzero 🎁 Hoy horario normal mañana sábado de 11:00 a 14:00 Eguberri on!!! #olentzero #feliznavidad #feliznatal #eguberrion #politaxl #carniceriavieja #cascoviejodebilbao #cascoviejo #bilbaodendak #bilbaostyle #instagood #instastyle #instalove #instalike #inlove #instagram #lookdeldía #lookdodia #photooftheday #photo #photographer #photography #navidad2022 #navidad (en Bilbao, Spain) https://www.instagram.com/p/Cmg8LSetqIP/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[santaverse]

Meet the New Santas for 2022!

[ Hello again, everyone! Thank you for all the support towards Part 1 of the fic I posted this morning! I’ll be posting the parts throughout the Holiday Season, so I hope y’all will look forward to North, Nicholas, and Sleepy Santa’s adventure! ]

[ Now onto the exciting part! Here are the Santa Clauses I’ve added this year! ]

( feel free to go to the muse page to get... more or less, more cohesive blurbs about the characters! )

1. Apalpador

The Galician Santa Claus is here! This year, thanks to a movie called Pixi Post and the Gift Bringers (or Pixi Saves Christmas), I’ve added different Santa Claus depictions from around the world! It was a huge learning experience, but a very intriguing one! I hope you all enjoy Apalpador and the other genies from this series!

2. Bolly Santa

This Santa Claus is from an animated music video where he dances in celebration of the ick-vaccine. If that premise alone didn’t hook you on the idea of a Bollywood dancing Santa, then I don’t know what else will!

3. Boomer Santa

Did you know there was a 2006 retelling of the holiday classic; A Year Without a Santa Claus? Well, it exists! And boy, is it a mess! A chaotic movie with an equally chaotic Santa Claus. This dude really gets mad that kids are playing Soul Calibur 2. Mans need to get a GRIP.

4. Cap’n Claus

Leave it to a Nick Jr. Cartoon to give me another compelling Santa Claus! (I’ve gotta thank my Niece for being glued to that channel lol) This Santa Claus is pretty clearly a pirate, right? He’s got the cool clothes and captain’s hat! Well, in all actuality, this Santa Claus spends the entirety of his appearance learning how to be a proper nice pirate! It’s just a pure as it sounds! You’ll definitely get charmed by this Santa. He does these cool poses and winks at the camera a lot- Dude KNOWS he’s cool!

5. Hoteiosho

Celebrated in Japan as a Santa Claus figure, Hoteiosho brought something to my attention that I never noticed. He’s a Buddhist Santa Claus. ...Those two concepts have so much in common, having one as a gift-bringer makes so much sense. He wasn’t in the movie for long (he was captured first), but dang it he’s gonna get his flowers on this blog! 

6. JACKED Santa

The Villainous Santa Claus from Captain Underpants!!! I ADORE Captain Underpants, but never watched the Cartoon at all! It’s a shame because I’ve missed out on one of the most hilarious portrayals of Santa Claus yet. He’s an absolute dude-bro meathead who demands you give HIM presents for Blissmas. Amazing, incredible, 10/10, love this guy.

7. Manga Claus

An obscure pick from a mid 2000s book, This Santa Claus may appear docile at first, but when he wields his twin blades (The Miyaguchi Daisho), he reveals his decades of training and absolutely intimidating stature. He’s the definition of edge, and I LOVE it.

8. Monopolish

A Roman Santa Claus who was stripped of his powers once he was revealed to be stealing the glory of his genie counterparts. Now he’s the leader of his own multi-billion dollar company (where some defected elves work for him) in which he plans to capture the other genies and get his powers back. He’s a good villain who shows genuine sorrow for not having any children who believe in him.

9. Olentzero

The Basque Santa Claus! (also voiced by Eggman himself) Olentzero is one of the best reasons to watch Pixi Post and the Gift Bringers. The guy is just an absolutely softie. He’ll always do what he can to help, even if he has no clue what he’s doing. He’s great!

10. Robo Santa

This Santa was recommended to me since this blog’s creation a few years back, and I couldn’t see myself adding any Santa that was overly malicious to the blog. Well, years later and a few bad Santas added, here we are! To be honest I’m still not entirely sure how I’m going to keep his more violent nature in-tact, but a robotic Santa Claus that thinks even the most minute action to be Naughty is just an incredible basis for RPing. I couldn’t say no!

11. Skinny Santa

Definitely the most requested Santa Claus I’ve ever had for this blog, and for good reason! Similarly to Robo Santa, I was against Skinny Santa joining the blog because I never thought there was much to him aside from just being a jerk for the entirety of the movie? But there’s a bit more to his character admittedly, and I have a few jerky Santas here now, so what’s one more?

His addition was long overdue.

12. Snegurochka and Ded Moroz

The Russian / Slavic pair of Santa Clauses! In Pixi Post and the Gift Bringers, the Santa Clauses are referred to as Genies, and Snegurochka (the most difficult name in the world to spell) is the de-facto leader of them all! These two bring such a unique portrayal of a Santa Claus, I had to add them!

13. Sporty Santa

A Santa Claus from a relatively underrated Christmas Special, Sporty Santa is a Santa Claus who is that friendly elderly guy who helps you out at a convenience store, or you see at a sporting event! He’s hidden in plain sight and I just think he’s neat! (PS, I neeeed his sweater, it looks so soft!!)

14. The Three Wise Men

If I was going to add just one Genie/Santa from Pixi Post and the Gift Bringers, it was going to be the Three Wise Men. They’ve had their appearances in cartoons before (they have their own day for crying out loud), but never specifically doing the Santa Claus shtick! They’re full of character in this movie too! Caspar’s got a bit of spice to him, getting the other two in unwanted fights- it’s so great. I’m so excited to show y’all this portrayal of this trio!

-

[ phew! that’s all! this brings the blog to 64* (not counting duos, trios, or mrs. clauses) Santas! WOW, I never really expected to find this many new Santas, but each year I seem to find or be recommended something with a unique Santa portrayal! The goal of this year was to be the last Santas added... but I already have my eye on some Santas that are in animated projects lauching next year, sooo.... looks like there really isn’t an end to the Santaverse! ]

[ I’ll be making a Starter Call very soon! Until then, thank you & Happy Almost Holidays!! ]

[basqueneskak]

When I was a child I never got the Sylvanian Families I asked Olentzero for and gods I'm so happy I didn't, now the house would be full of these! I'm still obsessed with them.

[ladymoustachecomunicacion]

Un año más, todas las personas que formamos parte de Lady Moustache queremos desearos unas muy felices y gatunas fiestas y que comencéis el año celebrándolo por todo lo alto.

Y, ¿por qué gatunas? Porque los gatos tienen bigotes y nos gustan los bigotes. Y porque queremos recomendar que no te fíes de ‘NOGATOS’, mejor vente a Lady Moustache para comenzar con tus estrategias de comunicación.

Si aún no ha escrito la carta a Olentzero, Papá Noel o los Reyes Magos, aún estás a tiempo de pedir una actualización del branding de tu empresa, una web para tu negocio o una estrategia reflexionada de comunicación en www.ladymoustache.es.

Nuestros mejores deseos para el año 2023, ¡Feliz Navidad! Eguberri on!

Queremos agradecer la participación de Groove (el gato) en la felicitación de este año y a Jennifer, diseñadora de Lady Moustache y humana al servicio de nuestro prota.

[nitewrighter]

holiday outfit for rei?

Ooohh! You know the battlepass really makes me sad because I really miss seasonal skins and it looks like any skins that would be "Winter Wonderland" are probably going to be locked behind bundles (Barf). But I did Winter Wonderland skins for the fankids in the past, it would be a fun challenge to try a couple again!!

Rei: Frost Fairy--Okay I know I say that the snow/ice themes are Blizzard phoning it in, but when both Mercy and Genji have ice skins, it seems only appropriate. Her wings are complex and spiky, reminiscent of hoarfrost. Rei's hair is tinted white and pushed back from her face in a kind of wild shoulder-length mane held back by a silvery headband crest reminiscent of Genji's Ice Wraith helmet, with two icicle horns peeking out underneath. Her clothes incorporate some armor-like elements from Genji's Ice wraith skin, but is probably closer to the Banuk clothing in Horizon Zero Dawn.

Aedan: First Frost--A skin that has both autumnal and winter elements, Aedan's clothes are composed of scarlet autumn leaves outlined in silvery white by frost. Very Thranduil vibes. His red hair has white streaks in it and he wears a twiggy laurel-like crown of leaves also touched by frost. His eyes are tinted golden yellow in this skin. Because ya girl loves her Prince Nuada vibes.

Jaime: Olentzero--Olentzero Jaime wears and black beret and blue neck scarf, as well as traditional black, gray, and blue Basque farmer's clothing smudged with coal dust all over. There's a wineskin at his hip and a pipe in his mouth. There's a slightly ghostly effect on his ability animations.

Marti: Eggnog---A cute confectionary skin that's a lovely cream-color with a cinnamon brown gradient. Marti dons a peacoat shawl dress with wooly trimming to mimic the foam. Marti's hair is tied up in a big bouncy curly blown-out ponytail with cinnamon stick hairstick accessory. She wears white leggings with a cable-knit pattern and cute chunky brown wool-lined boots. There will be some debate as to whether the skin should be called the "eggnog" skin or the "horchata" skin but like--I mean you can drink horchata all year, so we're leaning towards the eggnog skin.

Faustine: C.E.O (Chief Elf Officer)--Faustine dons pointy ears, a high bun secured with a sprig of holly, a pencil behind one ear, and a sexy green pencil skirt and green vest with gold damask texture effects. The dress shirt has a sort of frilly cravat collar decorated with a gold brooch. Comes with a "Checking it twice" emote where she checks a tablet and looks up judgmentally.

[seewetter]

Mythic Creatures by Culture & Region

Part 3: Europe (Basque, Rome, Viking, Great Britain)

This list documents mythological and folkloric creatures of Ancient Europe, the British Isles and Scandinavia as found on Wikipedia.

European creatures from Eastern Europe, France, Germany, Italy, Greece etc. will be listed in a separate post. The same goes for Biblical creatures or creatures from Abrahamic religions and Goetia literature. The full list of creatures is here.

Basque

Basque people live in what is today northern Spain. Their language is the only surviving language in Europe that isn't part of the Indo-European family tree, likely because the Basques live in secluded mountain areas. I have listed some deities alongside creatures, but this is a full list of Wikipedia's Basque creatures, not a full list of Wikipedia's gods/goddesses/deities for Basque culture.

Aatxe; Aide air goddess; Akerbeltz; Amalur; Basajaun; Eate (Basque god); Egoi; Eki (Basque goddess); Fountain Women; Gaizkiñ; Gaueko; Herensuge; Ilargi; Inguma; Iratxo ; Iratxoak; Jentil; Lamignak; Mairu; Minairó also Catalan; Odei; Olentzero; Orko; San Martin Txiki; Tartalo

Proto-Indo-European

Proto-Indo-European (or PIE) is the reconstructed ancestor to all major European languages, excluding Basque and languages from later diasporas.

Dʰéǵʰōm; Proto-Indo-European Myth; Double-headed eagle maybe not PIE but Bronze Age

Roman

Abarimon (Pliny the Elder, whose source is supposedly a land surveyor of Alexander the Great); Aborigines_Roman myth\; Achlis (Pliny the Elder); Caligo, see Achlys; Aegipan (Pliny the Elder locates them in Libya); Albruna Germanic seeress attested by Tacitus; Amazons, Amazons (List); Anguiped also Greek and Iranian.; Antichthones; Astomi Pliny the Elder; Aura; Bonnacon Pliny the Elder; Caca; Caeneus; Caladrius; Calingae Pliny the Elder; Camilla; Catoblepas Pliny the Elder; Cimbrian seeresses mentioned by Strabo; Crocotta Strabo and Pliny the Elder; Cupid; Di Penates; Echeneis Pliny the Elder; Ethiopian pegasus Pliny the Elder; Faun, Faunus ; Faunae, Fauni; Faustulus; Forest Bull Pliny the Elder; Fraus; Genius; Genius loci; Gorgades; Hellusians Tacitus claims they live beyond the Finns; Hircocervus; Hooded Spirits; Hydrus Pliny the Elder; Ichneumon Pliny the Elder; Ichthyophagoi; Indus worm; Iphis; Kings of Alba Longa; Lampedo Amazon; Lares; Lares Familiares; Lemures; Mandi; Manes; Manticore; Monoceros Pliny the Elder; Monopod; Odontotyrannus; Orcus; Pandi; Phoenix; Phthisis; Pyrausta Pliny the Elder; Querquetulanae; Remora; Salamander; Seps; Silvanus; Strix; Syrbotae Pliny the Elder; Tarand; Theow Pliny the Elder; Unicorn; Wild Man, Wild Woman ; Wild Men, Wild Women; Yale

Etruscan

Charun; Orcus; Tuchulcha; Vanth; Vegoia

Britain

Apple Tree Man; Ascapart giant from chivalric romance dating to 1300s; Asrai Cheshire and Shropshire; Barghest north England; Beast of Dean; Beithir; Billy Blind England and Scottish Lowlands; Black Annis; Black Dog; Black Shuck; Bluecap; Blunderbore; Bogeyman; Boggart; Bogle Northumbrian; Brag Northumbrian; British Wild Cats; Brown Man of the Muirs anglo-scottish border; Brownie ; Brownies; Bucca Cornish; Bugbear; Burryman; Butter Sprite; Calygreyhound; Cat-sìth; Cauld Lad of Hylton; Inspiration/Directories/Bestiary (Myth and Legend)/A-Z/Changeling|Changeling; Christchurch Dragon; Cirein-cròin; Cock Lane Ghost; Cockatrice (explicitly British); Cofgod; Colbrand (giant); Colt pixie; Cormoran (giant); Dando's Dogs; Drummer of Tedworth; Dun Cow; Dunnie Northumbrian; Elder Mother; English Fairies; Ettin; Fairy story (Northumbria); Fetch; Finfolk Orkney; Girt Dog of Ennerdale; Goram and Vincent (giants); Grendel; Grendel's Mother; Grimalkin; Grindylow; Gytrash; Habetrot (Northumbrian?? border counties between England and Scottish Lowlands); Hob; Hobbididance; Hobgoblin ; Hobgoblins; Imp; Jack and the Beanstalk; Jack Frost; Jack in the Green; Jack o' Legs; Jack o' the bowl; Jack the Giant Killer; Jack-In-Irons; Joan-in-the-Wad; Kilmoulis Anglo-Scottish border; Knocker; Knucker; Korred; Krabat; Lambton Worm; Lantern Man; Lazy Laurence; Lubberfiend; Martlet; Mary Lakeland (accused witch); Mermaid of Zennor; Morgan le Fay; Morgawr; Nanny Rutt; Nelly Longarms; Nuckelavee Orkney; Nuggle Shetland; Pantheon_the_creature; Peg Powler; Penhill Giant; Pictish Beast Picts; Pillywiggin; Pixie; Portunes; Púca; Puck; Puck_Shakespeare; Queen of Elphame (Northumbrian?? border counties between England and Scottish Lowlands); Redcap English-Scottish border; Screaming skull; Sea Mither Orkney; Sebile; Sheela na Gig; Shug Monkey; Simonside Dwarfs; Sockburn Worm; Spriggan ; Spriggans; Sprite ; Sprites; Stoor worm; Sweet William's Ghost; Tangie Orkney and Shetland; The Black Dog of Newgate; The Elder Mother also Scandinavian; The Hedley Kow Northumberland; The King of the Cats; The Laidly Worm of Spindleston Heugh Northumbrian; The Queen of Elfan's Nourice; Thunderdell Cornish; Tiddalik; Tom Hickathrift; Tooth Fairy; Tree Elves; Trow; Unicorn; Wight; Wild Man, Wild Woman ; Wild Men, Wild Women; William of Lindholme; Worm of Linton; Wyvern; Yallery Brown

Isle of Man

Adene, elves?; Arkan sonney "lucky piggy"; Ben-Varrey see "Mermaid"; Buggane; Cailleach; Fenodyree; Glashan; Glashtyn; Jimmy Squarefoot; Moddey Dhoo; Mooinjer Veggey; Sleigh Beggey; Tree Elves; Water Bull

Irish

Abarta either Tuatha or Fomorian (depends on account); Abcán the poet and musician of the Tuatha, a dwarf (in stature?); Abhartach; Aes Sidhe; Aibell, an elf queen (banshee, ruler of a fairy mound); Aillen, the "burner" a monstrous Tuatha; Aos Sí; Badb; Balor; Bánánach; Banshee; Baobhan Sith; Biróg a lheannan sidhe; Bodach also Scottish; Bran and Sceólang; Brendan the Navigator; Cailleach; Carman; Cas Corach; Cat-sìth also Scottish; Cathbad; Cethlenn; Cichol Gricenchos; Clíodhna; Clurican; Conand; Crom Cruach; Cù-sìth; Dobhar-chú; Donn Cúailnge; Dullahan; Each-uisge; Echtra; Elatha; Ellén Trechend; Enbarr; Ethniu; Failinis; Fear Doirich; Fear gorta; Finvarra; Fionn mac Cumhaill; Fionnuala; Fir Bolg; Fir Darrig; Fomorian; Gancanagh; Garb mac Stairn; Glas Gaibhnenn; Immram; Irish Mythic Creatures; Iubdan; Joint-eater; Kelpie; Leprechaun; Les Lavandières; Lhiannan-Sidhe; Liban; Inspiration/Directories/Bestiary (Myth and Legend)/A-Z/Manannán mac Lir|Manannán mac Lir; Medb (Queen Maeve); Merrow ; Merrows; Mongfind; Muckie; Mug Ruith; Nel; Niamh; Oilliphéist; Onchú; Pillywiggin; Púca; Sadhbh; Salmon of Knowledge; Scáthach; Selkie; Sengann; Seonaidh; Sheela na Gig; Sidhe; Sìth also Scottish; Sluagh also Scottish; Sovereignty goddess; Sreng; Swan Maiden; Tethra; The Morrígan; The Voyage of Bran; The Voyage of Máel Dúin; The Voyage of the Uí Chorra; Tlachtga; Tuatha dé Danaan; Werewolf; Werewolves of Ossory; Wild Man, Wild Woman ; Wild Men, Wild Women; Wyvern allegedly Irish; Cymidei Cymeinfoll

Scotland

Am Fear Liath Mòr; Red Cap; Bauchan; Bean-nighe; Beast of Beinn a' Bheithir; Betram de Shotts; Biasd Bheulach; Billy Blind lowlands and England; Blue Men of the Minch; Bodach also Irish; Boobrie west coast Scottish lochs; Broichan wizard of Pictland (north Scotland); Brown Man of the Muirs anglo-scottish border; Brownie ; Brownies; Cailleach; Cain bairns; Ceasg; Cù-sìth; Each-uisge; Fachan; Fuath; Ghillie Dhu; Gigelorum; Glaistig; Gormshuil Mhòr na Maighe; Kelpie also Irish; Lavellan; Les Lavandières; Ly Erg; Maggy Moulach; Morag; Muc-sheilch; Nicnevin; Pech; Red Cap; Seelie; Shellycoat; Sìth also Irish; Sithchean Hebrides; Sluagh; Spey-wife; Tam Lin; The Green Man of Knowledge; Water Bull; Water Horse; Wild Haggis; Wirry-cow; Wulver

Welsh

Adar Llwch Gwin; Adar Rhiannon birds from Mabinogi and Welsh Arthurian tales; Aderyn y corff, corpse bird, portent of death; Afanc; Arawn; Bendith y Mamau see Tylwyth Teg; Blodeuwedd; Brenin Llwyd; Bres Tuatha; Buwch Frech; Bwciod; Cath Palug; Ceffyl Dŵr; Coblynau; Cŵn Annwn; Cyhyraeth; Cymidei Cymeinfoll; Cythraul; Dormarch; Gwagged Annwn or Gwragedd Annwn; Gwrgi Garwlwyd; Gwyllgi; Gwyllion; Gwyn ap Nudd; Henwen; Idris Gawr; Jack o' Kent; Les Lavandières; Llamhigyn Y Dwr; Maelor Gawr; March Malaen; Mari Lwyd; Morgen; Sleigh Beggey also Manx; Swan Maiden; Twrch Trwyth; Tylwyth Teg; Welsh Dragon; Welsh Giant; White dragon; Wild Hunt; Wyvern; Y Ladi Wen; Ysbaddaden; Ysgithyrwyn

Scandinavian (Viking, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland)

Æsir; Æsir–Vanir War; Alberich in Thidrekssaga written in 1250 in Norway, possibly based on a Plattdeutsch original (also appears in German Nibelungenlied from 1200 in Passau, Bavaria and Ortnit from 1230s Germany, Strassburg; Álfablót sacrifice to elves; Alvaldi jotun; Askafroa German "Eschenfrau"; Bergsrå; Berserker; Bøyg; Brokkr dwarf; Brunnmigi; Bysen; Church grim; Dagr; Death; Deildegast; Di sma undar jordi; Disir; Dökkálfar; Draugr; Dvalinn; Dwarf ; Dwarfs, Dwarves; Eikþyrnir; Einherjar; Elder Mother; Elli; Endill jotun; Fenrir; Fin; Fjölvar; Fjörgyn and Fjörgynn; Fossegrim; Fylgiar; Gangr; Garmr; Gjenganger; Glenr; Gríðr; Grýla and Leppalúði; Gulon; Hábrók; Hafgufa; Half-elf; Hamingja; Hati Hróðvitnisson; Helhest; Hervör alvitr; Hildr; Hlaðguðr svanhvít; Hljod; Hlökk; Hræsvelgr; Hrímgerðr; Hrímgrímnir; Hroðr; Hrymr; Hulder; Huldufólk; Humli; Hyrrokkin; Iði; Ím (joetunn); Járnsaxa; Jörmungandr; Jötunn; Katie Woodencloak; Kraken; Lagarfljótsormur; Landdisir; Landvættir; Leikn; Ljósálfar; Lyngbakr; Marmennill; Móðguðr; Mögþrasir; Mound Folk; Myling; Nafnaþulur; Níðhöggr; Niß Puck; Nisse; Norns; Norse_Nude_Snake_Witch; Nótt; Nykken; Odin; Púca; Rå; Rådande; Ratatoskr; Sæhrímnir; Selkolla; Selma; Sjörå; Skogsrå; Sköll; Skrat; Skuld (half-elf princess); Skvader; Slattenpatte; Sleipnir; Storsjöodjuret; Sumarr and Vetr; Surtr; Svaðilfari; Svartálfar; Swan Maiden; The Elder Mother also English; The Giant Who Had No Heart in His Body; Tilberi; Tooth Fairy; Tree Elves; Troll; Troll Cat; Vættir; Valkyrie; Valravn; Vanir; Vardøger; Veðrfölnir; Viðfinnr; Vittra; Vǫrðr; Vörnir (joetunn); Vosud; Werewolf; Wight; Wild Hunt; Wild Man, Wild Woman ; Wild Men, Wild Women; Worm of Linton; Wurm; Ysätters-Kajsa; Yule cat; Þorbjörg lítilvölva; Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr and Irpa; Þrívaldi; Þuríðr Sundafyllir

Note: Although most European lore is easily implemented into art and fiction without causing lasting cultural damage, there may be some European cultures (from Basque to Welsh) whose cultures have been subject to cultural suppression. Notify me if there are mistakes or if I need to add disclaimers or revisions concerning these creatures.

[beautiful-basque-country]

On abarkak, Basque traditional shoes

Like many things in Basque culture, abarkak have their origin in shepherding.

They're made with a single piece of soft leather and has a trapezoidal shape. Its wider parallel side is folded in half and sewn with a thread. Along the two converging edges, holes are made through which a leather strap passes, and by tightening or loosening it, the leather - with more or fewer folds - adjusts to the size of the foot.

In the 1920s and 1930s, leather abarkak were gradually replaced by rubber ones. They used to put studs or nails on the bottom of the sole to the leather shoes and also the rubber ones so that they would not slip. They were more durable and lasted for years.

Traditional leather abarkak in brown, and rubber ones in black.

They're unisex, and can be tied low (traditionally for men)

or high (traditionally for women)

and they're ever present in Basque folklore and culture, such as in dancing:

In our traditional masquerades:

and even our beloved Olentzero - our Xmas gifts bringer - wears them:

They're comfy and beautiful! What do you think??

[opmythologyzine]

🌊 ABOUT THE MYTH... 🌊

hgatoart took inspiration from the Galtzagorries for their piece!

The Galtzagorries are little goblins who are caught with pin boxes and ordered to aid humans. Once they are domesticated, they annoyingly demand tasks from their owners, which they do during the night when everyone is asleep. They are often featured as Olentzero's helpers, a man who gives kids presents if they are good and coal if they are naughty.

➡️ PREORDER NOW!

~~~~~~~~~

⬇️ Legends of the Sea’s other socials!

Carrd  |  Twitter

[chickenstuffedwithmozzarella]

Shuffle your ‘on repeat’ playlist and post the first 10 tracks, then tag 10 people.

Thanks @nooradeservedbetter for the tag, it’ll be fun to check, lol.

1. Boyfriends by Harry Styles

2. Headline by Louis Tomlinson

3. Quevedo el espía by Los Lunnis

4. Little Freak by Harry Styles

5. Lucky Again by Louis Tomlinson

6. Meltdown by Niall Horan

7. Olentzero by Los lunnis

8. Daydreaming by Harry Styles

9. Out Of My System by Louis Tomlinson

10. Rosas by La Oreja de Van Gogh

What a mess, los lunnis and la oreja de Van Gogh are there bc people have corrupted my algorithm. I had been working hard to keep it just Louis and Harry, but things happens… 🤣🤣🤣🤣

I’ll tag @somethingwittyorother @reminiscingintherain @kingsofeverything @aazwj2 @larrykusky and whoever wants to do it.

[micocteldemoda]

Falda con abertura y botas altas

Empiezo y acabo el año con el mismo abrigo 😅 pero con un look completamente diferente. El otro día me vine arriba y saqué esta falda con abertura del armario. Hacía solecito y me gusto como quedaba con las botas, aunque estuve apunto de ir con unos stilettos azulones que me ha traído Olentzero. Con lo friolera que soy con las botas iba más calentita, ademas aunque la falda tenga abertura al ser…

[politaxl]

Me he enamorado de estas fotos de @nekane.linero ♥️♥️♥️ Gracias 😘😘 Os recordamos que la sudadera es diseño de @yogurinha_borova y podéis encontrarla en Polita XL ♥️ También hacemos envíos 💌💌💌 WhatsApp 685255249 #ropabonita #reyesmagos #ropabilbao #instagood #instalove #instastyle #instagram #politaxl #carniceriavieja #cascoviejodebilbao #cascoviejo #olentzero #maridomingi #regalapequeñocomercio #regalabonito #tiendasmultimarca #tiendasderopa #tiendasbonitas #tiendaropabilbao #photooftheday #photography (en Bilbao, Spain) https://www.instagram.com/p/CmLy_cHNmqE/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=