#methylated

[tractort33th]

Did an art trade with the one and only @knightish-knight !!

Look at the purple man in all his Artificial Grape Glory! KNIGHT- I loved the outfit you chose- it was so stylish and so purple.

EDIT: LOOK AT THEIRS

Cropped version below (the can was manky but I tried :/)

Plus the requested outfit:

[mylastmoleculeofserotonin]

I honestly have no idea if this was intentional or not, but I love how the writers of the Bad Batch basically confirmed that Omega is canonically trans bc there’s no other simple explanation for her. Like, they said that she’s unaltered, not genetically identical, which means that the Kaminoans didn’t alter her chromosomes (also, what would be the in universe reason for that?), it’s not Force magic bc she’s not Force sensitive, and the Kaminoans’ cloning tech would be designed to prevent random mutations, especially for something as important as their backup copy of Jango’s DNA, the future of clone production for the Republic. The only logical explanation is that she’s trans and this is the hill I will die on.

[polygonalfish]

Another Methyl

[irenecatz]

DR Balmer ND HIS AWESOME PALS 🗣️🗣️🗣️ (bogleech if u see this.. can u pretty please put this on the fanart gallery.. :3)

[betta-butch]

sniffling and even snerfling…

[uwmspeccoll]

Publishers' Binding Thursday

This Publishers' Binding Thursday we've got a lovely Midwestern book to share. It is A Daughter of the Middle Border by Wisconsin poet, novelist, and short story writer Hamlin Garland. The book is the sequel to Garland's autobiography A Son of the Middle Border and continues his story as he sets out for Chicago and settles into a Bohemian encampment of artists and writers where he meets his wife, the artist Zulime Taft. A Daughter of the Middle Border won the 1922 Pulitzer Prize for biography or autobiography.

The binding features a scene of a covered wagon at sunset, pulled by what appear to be horses. There is also an ox following the wagon. The title and author's name are printed in red and there is a red border around the front cover. As you can see in the first image shown here, our copy has some damage to the spine that I will be mending with methyl cellulose. We use methyl cellulose for many small in-house repairs needed for things like loose spines because it is stable, non-acidic, and water soluble.

View more Publishers' Binding Thursday posts.

-- Alice, Special Collections Department Manager

[haledamage]

love that the shampoo I use changed their formula and didn't mention it on the new bottle

love finding that out when I get out of the shower to find that I'm covered in hives everywhere the shampoo touched, including my entire face 😱

"no sulfates" my ass

[sunset-peril]

I actually tend to hc that all the Links are descended from another at some point.

However, what do you think about epigenetics being a viable reason for such?

You mean epigenetics being the reason they all are similar? Or that epigenetics is the reason they're all descendants of each other? I'm not sure I understand the question.

However, considering that epigenetics regards the condensed-ness (that's not a word but oh well) of the histones and the DNA wrapped around them and that most epigenetic changes are extremely reversible due to being caused by environmental stimuli (the only epigenetic changes that are permanent being CpG methylations in gene promoters, because those control cell differentiation.), I don't think epigenetics would leave a permanent mark on all Links as a whole. If Twilight Princess was Ocarina of Time's grandson or great-grandson, then that would be the only time I could see epigenetics playing a role in more than one Link. However, I think the rest of them are too far apart in the bloodline to have any real epigenetic effect on each other. Generally, epigenetic changes have been reversed after two or three generations, unless whatever stimuli that caused the original modification was persistent. (We used diabetic rats and poor/proper dieting for this study, and research on psychological epigenetics is still very new)

Although now that you mention this, I am curious to see how epigenetics would play a role in BotW/TotK's children.

I hope that answers the question!

For me I definitely hc that Skyward, Ocarina, Twilight Princess and BotW/TotK being all relatives (BotW being descended from TP literally being a foundational piece in my lore). I just don't know enough about the rest of them to decide for the rest of them.

[whats-in-a-sentence]

Carl Linnaeus was the first to describe a naturally occurring mutant of toadflax (Linaria vulgaris) that converted the bilaterally symmetrical flower to a radially symmetrical form (Figure 20.31).

"Plant Physiology and Development" int'l 6e - Taiz, L., Zeiger, E., Møller, I.M., Murphy, A.

[sproutystudies]

DNA Methylation

Hello! This week's educational post is on DNA methylation. Note that DNA methylation functions a bit differently in plants vs animals. This post will be more plant-centric since that is what I study.

DNA methylation refers to the addition of a methyl group (one carbon molecule) to the 5' position of a cytosine base in the DNA. This is a type of epigenetic mark, or a heritable genetic modification without a change in DNA sequence (Takuno & Gaut, 2012). It alters the expression of genes through transcriptional silencing, usually by preventing the binding of polymerase. However, the exact ways methylation regulates and is regulated can differ depending on context (Neiderhuth & Schmitz, 2016). There are three contexts in which DNA methylation can occur: CG, CHG, and CHH, where H represents A, T, or C (Neiderhuth & Schmitz, 2016).

Methylation in the CG context, known as CpG methylation, is the most stable of the three contexts. After DNA replication occurs, VIM1-5 recognizes hemi-methylated CG sites and recruits the methyltransferase MET1 to methylate the unmethylated strand (Neiderhuth & Schmitz, 2016). CpG methylation around the transcriptional start site causes transcriptional silencing, while CpG methylation in the gene body is associated with active, and even increased, transcription (Neiderhuth & Schmitz, 2016).

Methylation in the CHG context is the second most stable. It is maintained by the methyltransferase CMT3, which depends on the H3K9me2 histone modification (I'll go over histone modifications for my next educational post) in a positive feedback loop that maintains the locations of both these epigenetic marks (Neiderhuth & Schmitz, 2016). This feedback loop can be broken by the histone demethylase IBM1, causing transcription to become reactivated (Neiderhuth & Schmitz, 2016).

CHH methylation cannot be maintained after DNA replication due to its asymmetry: lack of a guanine on the methylated strand means there is no cytosine to methylate on the opposite strand (Neiderhuth & Schmitz, 2016). CHH methylation is always established de novo by the methyltransferase CMT2 or through the RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway (Neiderhuth & Schmitz, 2016).

De novo DNA methylation for all three contexts can be mediated by the RdDM pathway (Zhang et al, 2018). In this process, short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) work together with scaffold RNAs and a variety of proteins to guide the methyltransferase DRM2 to target regions for methylation (Zhang et al, 2018).

Transcriptional regulation through DNA methylation is important for a variety of processes related to plant development and genome stability. Specifically, it has been shown to be involved in transposon silencing (Slotkin & Martienssen, 2007), fruit ripening (Xiao et al, 2020), genetic imprinting (Rodrigues et al, 2013), and aging (D’Amico-Willman et al, 2024).

(Neiderhuth & Schmitz, 2016)

Important Terms: DNA methylation, epigenetics, cytosine, transcription, methyltransferase

[cbirt]

A New Machine Learning Algorithm Classifies Sinonasal Tumors Based on DNA Methylation

Scientists from Ludwig Maximilians University Hospital Munich, Germany, have developed a new machine-learning method for classifying hard-to-diagnose sinonasal tumors. The DNA methylation information was utilized to thoroughly examine the molecular patterns of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinomas (SNUCs), which were inaccurately defined and contested in earlier investigations. 

Sinonasal tumors have a variety of histopathologies and originate from sinonasal cavity histologic elements. Tumors in the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavities cover a wide range of tumor forms, despite their small size. They are difficult to identify since they frequently don’t have any particular pattern or appearance. It’s especially true for cancers called sinonasal undifferentiated carcinomas (SNUC).

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[ofthesamewhole]

Loribelle Spirovski

[tw1np3aks]

[polygonalfish]

Sketches of Methyl from @mmmskulljuice

[didntaskforfrozenyoghurt]

remembered my b12 for the first time in over a fortnight and oh that's where my brain went lol