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demi-shoggoth · 1 year ago

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2023 Reading Log pt 7

31. Rare Trees by Sara Oldfield and Malin Rivers. OK, so apparently that whole “less books about plants” pledge didn’t take. In my defense, this book is really pretty. It’s also very good; it’s about efforts for tree conservation around the world, and is published both as a public report and a fundraiser for the Global Trees Campaign. If you want to know what boots on the ground conservation work is like, its successes and its challenges, this is an excellent resource. And, like I said, the photographs are very pretty. The first chapter is about the overall history of forest conservation, and then future chapters discuss trees categorized by uses and by phylogeny. Honestly, I kind of wish they had picked one or the other of those organization schemes instead of splitting the difference, but that’s a quibble.

32. How To Survive History by Cody Cassidy. I’ve recommended some of Cassidy’s other books before (Who Ate the First Oyster? and …And Then You’re Dead), so I’m happy to report that this is his best yet. The theme is, what does science and the historical record tell us about how you could survive various catastrophes, or just hostile environments? I knew I was going to like it from the first chapter, How to Outrun a T. rex, which treats dinosaurs as just animals rather than kill crazy monsters. It also does an excellent job of summarizing Very Bad Times like the Donner Party expedition and the Magellan circumnavigation, and I learned a lot (like about how Magellan’s slave Enrique was the first person to actually circle the globe, having been captured by slavers in the Philippines and then being brought back around… and getting his revenge when he wasn’t freed as Magellan’s will proclaimed).

33. Snakes in American Culture: A Hisstory by Jesse C. Donahue and Conor Shaw-Draves. I didn’t expect this to be a searing indictment of the American medical profession of the early 20th century when I started the book, so that was a pleasant surprise. The first half or so is the story of how (white, upper class, male) “experts” denied that venomous snakes in the USA were really all that dangerous, while people (mostly poor, ethnic minorities and children) were dying in large numbers. Antivenin was only developed in this country as a side effect of the United Fruit Company’s desire to keep laborers from dying in the fields from snakebite, and the development of said antivenin was mostly done by volunteer labor and then marked up for tremendous profit by pharmaceutical companies! The back half, unfortunately, isn’t nearly as good, although it doesn’t go full conversion with its fairly sympathetic portrayal of snake handlers (which is something I’ve run into before). My biggest complaint is that this was written by humanities professors, and they needed a trained biologist to go over their draft. For example, they can’t format scientific names correctly, and don’t know enough about the history of science to understand that “virus” and “venom” were used interchangeably by some authors in the 19th century.

34. Marvelous Microfossils by Patrick De Wever, translated by Alison Duncan. Worst book I’ve finished this year? I think so. This book was originally written in French, but I can’t blame its problems on translation issues. It’s about plankton and other microfossils, what they can tell us about geology and how they’ve influenced art and culture. To start with the good, the book is gorgeous; each page is well organized, and it has lots of electron micrographs, photos and engravings by Ernst Haeckel. And that’s the first problem. The author seems to be a modern devotee of Haeckel’s science and philosophy, when both were full of garbage (Haeckel is the “ontogeny recapitulated phylogeny” guy, and one of the codifiers of scientific racism). His use of terminology is stuck firmly in the 19th century, and he doesn’t seem to care about modern cladistic phylogeny at all. And he has lengthy quotes from architects and philosophers instead of, you know, modern scientists, including lines specifically about how “we understand all there is to know” about plankton from like 1910. So I get huge “reject modernity, embrace tradition” vibes from this author, and that makes my skin crawl.

35. Nicole Angemi’s Anatomy Book by Nicole Angemi. Another “searing indictment of the American medical system”, only this one is more modern. The book is a loosely A-Z collection of pathologies, with case histories and photos. So this one is super gross, just a head’s up. Why I say it’s a searing indictment is that about 1/3 of the case studies talk about how the patient was ignored by their doctors initially, and had to spend time seeking second opinions taking them seriously, and how a number of things that could have been fixed more easily turned into huge, life altering (or ending) problems. The book is written by a pathologist’s assistant, and the introduction/biography would make a good “see, you can follow your dreams and get a career that you love later in life” inspirational story. I’m keeping a copy of this for my classroom, because I have plenty of students who are interested in medicine but not necessarily medical school, and because teenagers love gross pictures. Seriously, some of the descriptions of cysts and tumors made even my stomach turn.

#reading log #anatomy #medical history #snakes #herpetology #paleontology #plankton #botany #ecology #conservation #trees #world history

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enemymine2000 · 4 months ago

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Wanted to address these: I very clearly only spoke about the Secret Service actions. I don't plan on speculating on the shooter and his motivations. And it ultimately makes no difference either way. The picture of Trump with a bloody ear raising his fist will be the one generations to come will be confronted with. Just like the voters this coming election. Think back to footage of other assassination attempts - successful or otherwise - you'll get footage of the Secret Service doing their jobs, of the protectee either dragged away or the aftermath in a secondary location. Even in the piss-poor execution of a protection detail that was the JFK assassination - taking a top down convertible, no agents in the car, not secured route (not going into the conspiracy theories here either) - the first order of business was removing the President from the line of fire. Due to the nature of that assassination it was straight to the hospital for him. Same as Reagan, due to the injuries sustained. Any injury would demand that course of action by the way. Because a Secret Service agent is no medical professional and able to make the call if bad or not bad. If not injured off to a secure secondary location it is. A governmental facility, a military installation, the next airport and off to places unknown for politicians, I guess. Civilians might have to make do with a vetted hotel or some private compound.

So, to summarize: Trumps protection was lacking. It took the Secret Service way to long to take the immediate appropriate action - getting him off the podium and down to the ground, covered by the bodies of Secret Service agents. He should have been removed from the hightened position all together, forcefully carried, if necessary, into the a waiting armoured car and off within seconds (maybe a minute tops depending on distance to car) after the first shot was fired. That he was not only not removed from the venue, but photographers were close enough within the throng of his protection detail to get those pictures, that he was able to have his head above any of his protectors at all, should have been impossible. Because as someone said, if we can see his face, a bullet can hit it. Because unless the entire venue was checked and cleared, as well as the surrounding area, no one could be sure if it was just one shooter. And since the event was done the moment the first shot rang out, there was no reason for any speaker - former president and candidate or not - to stick around. That was the main point I was making. The execution of the protection detail was fishy as hell. For that it doesn't matter what supposed race the shooter belongs to, what voting record he had or hadn't had or how many other people got shot. But to the point of "no one from the upper cares about the lower class": In context of such events properly executed protection includes a certain protection for everyone in attendance. Because an event like that is supposed to be vetted in advance. Each possible direct line of sight should have been checked. Agents should have been everywhere, where a shooter could set up. They should have had their own snipers on each elevated point. That's just basics. Adding on are bomb sniffing dogs, vetting of other staff, communication with private protection details of other attendees, and so on and so forth. Therefore if the Secret Service had done their job correctly, there shouldn't have been a shooting. Those civilians would still be alive. The matter of weapons in hands of civilians and no gun control is one for the people of the USA. A concern that has been raised again and again, but so far not deemed important enough over the interests of those who have financial gain from weaponsl sales and those that think that a small armory in the house would actually do jack shit in case of some imagined World War III on American soil scenario. You tell me, how many more mass shootings that country needs (72 in June of 2024 alone), to invest money into mental health care and a system of vetting gun buyers without exception - at least. (I myself am from a country with strict gun control, where you have to prove your fitness to own one - not carry, just own - and a legitimate reason to do so. Carry is restricted to professionals like police officers or hunters in the act of hunting.) As for it playing into Trump's hands: Yes, yes, it does, if you want to or not. Just like it would play in, say, Biden's, if it were to happen to him. Those pictures are media gold. A show of strength, that might swing a lot of votes of undecided or third party voters. And that's not saying he already has won. Please no, the entire world doesn't want to see that happen again! But it will make it even harder for the Democrats, whose candidate is currently under permanent "he's tired and unfit" attacks. Which sadly is the truth. Biden is not fit for a second term. Which already has a lot of those who normally would vote blue no matter who comtemplating a third party. And seeing as the USA have basically a two party system that means giving the Magas the advantage in the votes. Not taking into account the bs that is the Electoral College, because I wouldn't put it past either party to have tried at least once to "influence" those on it.

#Trump #assassination attempt #just my opinion clarified #not tinhatting

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medicalrecordsreview · 4 months ago

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Best Medical Chronology Services in USA

Our Medical chronology services offer valuable assistance in organizing and summarizing voluminous medical records, reducing the time and effort for attorneys and legal firms.

#medical chronology services #medical chronology services in USA #medical summary services

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rudyabaut · 4 years ago

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False: Fauci, Gates, Epstein and Soros have ties to drug company Moderna

EXCLUSIVELY for Covid-19 Conspiracy Theories Suckers

View video before it is taken down...

MODERNA FAUCI(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qAZFl1bhMH4)

Then come back to reality...

Read this: Fact check: Fauci, Gates, Epstein and Soros have no ties to drug company Moderna

by Chelsey Cox, USA TODAYSept. 11, 2020

The claim: George Soros founded Moderna, Jeffrey Epstein was an investor, Anthony Fauci was its first CEO and Bill Gates was his college roommateNews of biotech company Moderna's planned development of a vaccine against the coronavirus, the virus that causes COVID-19, has incited internet conspiracy theorists. A popular social media claim links certain high-profile individuals to Moderna and their apparent investment in the vaccine. USA TODAY reported on Moderna's progress in late August.

One such post by blogger Lynna Smith went viral. Smith posted the claim to Facebook on Aug. 12 with a link to a video uploaded to a corresponding YouTube account.

The video outlines alleged connections between Hungarian-American billionaire George Soros, accused sex offender Jeffrey Epstein, infectious disease expert Dr. Anthony Fauci and Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates as part of a larger conspiracy theory about government-mandated vaccinations against the coronavirus.

The narrator of the video claims Moderna already has the vaccine. It also states Fauci, a graduate of Cornell University, was Moderna's first CEO. Fauci's ties to Gates began at Cornell, the video alleges, because the two were roommates.

The video also states IG Farben, a company that was "heavily involved" in experiments during World War II, was run by Soros, a "Jewish Nazi" who later became an American citizen. Soros apparently formed Moderna from IG Farben.

Finally, the video claims Epstein, the billionaire financier who died in prison while awaiting a trial for sex-trafficking charges, was a major financial backer of Moderna.

Smith summarizes the "relationship" between Soros, Fauci, Gates and Epstein in the post caption, finishing with, "DO YOU GET IT NOW."

Smith is described as a "Truthseeker" and proudly declares "2 of my pages were deleted by FB" on a Facebook profile page. Smith also claims to manipulate mainstream media and references U.N. Agenda 21 in a Gab.com profile. Gab.com is a social network that "champions free speech, individual liberty and the free flow of information online," according to its website.

USA TODAY reached out to Smith for comment.

Another version of the claim was posted to the Facebook page for The Meme Aesthetic, an account that curates "the worst memes on the internet," according to its Instagram page.

Was Soros a 'Jewish Nazi?'

Soros was born in Budapest in 1930. His father, a Jewish lawyer, forged papers that disguised their religion during the Nazi occupation of Hungary, according to the BBC.

There is no evidence of Soros joining the Nazi party during WWII — he would have been 14 years old when the Nazis surrendered in 1945 — or anytime during his transformation from London investment banker to billionaire American philanthropist.

Soros has openly supported the Democratic Party. The BBC reported Soros has been the target of right-wing attacks founded in Nazi-era conspiracy theories about Jewish bankers plotting a "New World Order."

Who founded Moderna?

The founding of the biotech company is incorrectly attributed to Soros in the claim. Harvard University professor Dr. Derrick Rossi founded Moderna in 2010 to manufacture his research-based therapeutics, according to a 2014 interview with the Journal of Young Investigators.

"The biotech company is called Moderna Therapeutics and it’s probably one the most successful young biotech companies in Boston/Cambridge right now. It is only 4 years old. ... The technology at the heart of the company, which we developed in my lab, is very exciting and very powerful," Rossi told JYI.

Soros did not create the company from IG Farben. The German chemical and pharmaceutical conglomerate was dissolved by Allied forces after WWII for manufacturing gas chamber poison and exploiting slave labor, according to The New York Times. Its most important factories formed the basis of chemical companies Bayer, Hoechst AG and BASF, but not Moderna.

Was Fauci the CEO for Moderna?

Moderna's founding team was comprised of Doug Cole and Noubar Afeyan, according to the website for investor Flagship Pioneering. Afeyan is also Flagship's founder and CEO.

Stéphane Bancel is credited by Flagship Pioneering as the founding chief executive officer of Moderna Therapeutics. He has served in this role since 2011, according to Moderna's website.

A search for "Fauci" on Flagship Pioneering's website produced no results. Fauci is included in two search results on Moderna's website. The first mentioned his interview with National Geographic about an experiment conducted by Moderna. He is listed as the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases in that entry. NIAID is part of the National Institutes of Health.

The other search result is a 2019 Shareholder Letter that names Fauci as a co-reviewer of a vaccine platform Moderna is working to improve.

Fauci is not identified as the former CEO of Moderna in either instance. Widely available evidence, like his official biography on the NIAID website, states Fauci has served as director of the institute since his appointment in 1984.

Were Fauci and Gates college roommates?

Fauci received his medical degree from Cornell University Medical Center in 1966, according to the Brooklyn Reporter. That is nearly a decade before Gates entered Harvard University. NPR reported Gates intended to study pre-law but shifted his focus to math and science before taking his first of two leaves of absence in 1975. He was eventually awarded an honorary degree in 2007. Gates and Fauci did not attend the same colleges and could not have been college roommates.

The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation is listed as one of Moderna's collaborators, according to Flagship Pioneering.

What is Epstein's relationship to Moderna?

Epstein left his position as a tax adviser with Bear Stearns Cos. to start his own investment company in 1982, according to USA TODAY. Details about Epstein's Financial Trust Co. are reportedly vague, but the company is not listed as a primary stockholder in Moderna, according to CNN Business.

A search for "Jeffrey Epstein" on the websites for Moderna and Flagship Pioneering generated no results.

Our rating: False

We rate this claim FALSE, because it is not supported by our research. George Soros did not found Moderna, as the claim states. Dr. Anthony Fauci has served as director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases since 1984, but never worked for Moderna. Bill Gates and Fauci attended different colleges and could not have been roommates. Lastly, Jeffrey Epstein's company Financial Trust Co. is not a major stakeholder in Moderna, according to records.

Our fact-check sources:

> National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, retrieved Sept. 4, 2020: "Anthony S. Fauci, M.D."

> Flagship Pioneering, retrieved Sept. 4, 2020: "Companies: Moderna"> Flagship Pioneering, retrieved Sept. 4, 2020: "People: Noubar Afeyan, Founder & CEO

"> Flagship Pioneering, retrieved Sept. 4, 2020: "People: Stéphane Bancel, Venture Partner"

> BBC News, May 31, 2018, (archived): "Profile: Billionaire philanthropist George Soros"

> CNN Business, retrieved Sept. 4, 2020: "Moderna Inc. Shareholders"

> USA TODAY, July 8, 2019: "Who is Jeffrey Epstein, the billionaire charged with sex trafficking girls as young as 14?"

> NPR Legacy, retrieved Sept. 4, 2020: "Timeline: Bill Gates, From Geek to Gazillionaire to Do-Gooder"

> Brooklyn Reporter, March 2, 2020: "Brooklyn-born disease expert Dr. Anthony Fauci says we may be on the brink of a pandemic"

> Journal of Young Investigators, Oct. 1, 2014: "Interview with Dr. Derrick Rossi of Moderna Therapeutics"

> Moderna, retrieved Sept. 4, 2020: "Moderna’s Work on a COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate"

> Moderna, retrieved Sept. 4, 2020: "Moderna 2019 Shareholder Letter"

> Harvard Stem Cell Institute, retrieved Sept. 4, 2020: "Derrick J. Rossi, Ph.D."

> The New York Times, May 2, 1999: "THE BUSINESS WORLD; I.G. Farben: A Lingering Relic of the Nazi Years"

Learn more at https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2020/09/11/fact-check-fauci-gates-soros-epstein-not-tied-moderna/5715707002/

Related reading:

Fact check: U.N. Agenda 21/2030 'New World Order' is not a real document (https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2020/07/23/fact-check-uns-agenda-21-2030-agenda-wont-create-new-world-order/5474884002/)

Is George Soros paying protesters? Soros' conspiracy theories surge as protests sweep nation(https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2020/06/21/george-soros-conspiracy-theories-protests/3232738001/)

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thenyctophile-blog · 4 years ago

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DATA MANAGEMENT AND VISUALISATION: WEEK-1 ASSIGNMENT

Amongst the code books suggested in the curriculum, I have chosen GapMinder that includes numerous country-level indicators of health, wealth, and development. It includes over 200 indicators like GDP, employment rate, HIV prevalence, etc. of about 192 UN members and 24 other areas.

The provided GapMinder dataset consists of over 15 variables, namely Income per person, Alcohol consumption, Armed force rate, etc.

An overview of the dataset gave me a clear insight into the topic and helped me choose the variables of my interest.

The variables that I have chosen are:

alcconsumption – Recorded and estimated average alcohol consumption (in liters) of adults (15+) per capita.

breastcancerper100TH – Number of new cases of breast cancer in 100,000 female residents during a certain year.

HIVrate – Estimated number of people living with HIV per 100 population of age group 15-49.

lifeexpectancy – The average number of years a new born child would live if current mortality patterns were to stay the same.

These variables made me arrive at the research question, “How does life expectancy rate get affected by greater consumption of alcohol that concurrently induces the risk of breast cancer and HIV?”

I have done a literature review to find out more in this regard. Few of the articles that I read are described below:

Article 1: Links between alcohol consumption and breast cancer: a look at the evidence

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4299758/

Ying Liu,1 Nhi Nguyen,1 and Graham A Colditz*,1,2

Published: 1 Nov 2015

Abstract

Alcohol consumption by adult women is consistently associated with risk of breast cancer. Several questions regarding alcohol and breast cancer need to be addressed. Menarche to first pregnancy represents a window of time when breast tissue is particularly susceptible to carcinogens. Youth alcohol consumption is common in the USA, largely in the form of binge drinking and heavy drinking. Whether alcohol intake acts early in the process of breast tumorigenesis is unclear. This review aims to focus on the influences of timing and patterns of alcohol consumption and the effect of alcohol on intermediate risk markers. We also review possible mechanisms underlying the alcohol-breast cancer association.

Alcohol is considered by the International Agency for Research on Cancer to be causally related to breast cancer risk [1], with a 7–10% increase in risk for each 10 g (~1 drink) alcohol consumed daily by adult women [2–4]. This association is observed in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Compared with other organs, breast appears to be more susceptible to carcinogenic effects of alcohol. The risk of breast cancer is significantly increased by 4–15% for light alcohol consumption (≤1 drink/day or ≤12.5 g/day) [2,5,6] which does not significantly increase cancer risk in other organs of women [7]. This raises a clinical and public health concern because nearly half of women of child-bearing age drink alcohol and 15% of drinkers at this age have four or more drinks at a time [8]. Approximately 4–10% of breast cancers in the USA are attributable to alcohol consumption [2,5,6], accounting for 9000–23,000 new invasive breast cancer cases each year. Therefore, better understanding of how alcohol consumption increases breast cancer risk is crucial for developing breast cancer prevention strategies. As previous meta-analyses and systemic reviews comprehensively summarized the association between adult alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk [3,5,9,10], here we reviewed the recent epidemiologic evidence, with special emphasis on timing and patterns of alcohol consumption and the effect of alcohol on intermediate markers. In addition, we discussed up-to-date mechanisms that have been proposed to explain the association and provide guidance for clinicians on preventive messages.

Article 2: Alcohol’s Role in HIV Transmission and Disease Progression

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3860502/

Ivona Pandrea , M.D., Ph.D., Kyle I. Happel , M.D., Angela M. Amedee , Ph.D.,

Gregory J. Bagby , Ph.D., and Steve Nelson, M.D.

Published: 2010

Abstract

Alcohol use has negative effects on HIV disease progression through several mechanisms, including transmission, viral replication, host immunity, and treatment efficacy. Research with animal models has explored the effect of alcohol intake on several aspects of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) disease progression. Data suggest that the increased SIV levels observed in alcohol-consuming animals may represent an increase in virus production as opposed to a decrease in host defense. Results also suggest that changes in nutritional balance and metabolism, as a possible consequence of a proinflammatory state, together with increased virus production in animals consuming alcohol, accelerate SIV and possibly HIV disease progression. Further studies using the animal model are necessary.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to be a major global health problem, with an estimated 33 million people infected as of 2007. In the United States, more than 1.1 million people are infected with HIV (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2009). Although effective treatment of HIV infection has substantially decreased HIV-related mortality, HIV still is the sixth leading cause of death for adults aged 25–44 in the United States.

Article 3: Does Alcohol Abuse Your Life Expectancy? Published: November 20, 2019

https://www.turningpointtreatment.org/blog/alcohol-abuse-and-life-expectancy/

In addition to causing physical and mental health problems, alcohol abuse can lower your life expectancy. If you’re ready to address an alcohol problem, reach out to Turning Point today.

Alcohol can lead to a shorter life expectancy in different ways. Drinking alcohol on a regular and long-term basis can increase the risk of developing life-threatening diseases or conditions.

Some of these diseases and medical conditions include:

· stroke

· damage to the heart

· high blood pressure

· cirrhosis of the liver

· pancreatitis

· cancer of the liver, head, neck, colon, breast, and oesophagus

I also went through a few other articles and came up with a Hypothesis.

Hypothesis:

Consumption of alcohol (alcconsumption) can induce the risk of breast cancer (breastcancerper100TH) and HIV (HIVrate) hence leading to a shorter life expectancy rate (lifeexpectancy).

Regular consumption of alcohol can weaken the immune system and damage the liver, as well as lead to risky behaviors that increase the chance of getting HIV or passing it on to others. Research has shown that people with HIV who regularly drink alcohol tend to have a higher viral load and lower overall CD4 count.

A pooled analysis of data from 53 studies found for each alcoholic drink consumed per day, the relative risk of breast cancer increased by about 7 percent.

Having between 200-350 grams of alcohol on a weekly basis was associated with a 1-2-year decrease in life expectancy. Having over 350 grams of alcohol each week was linked to a 4-5-year decrease in life expectancy.

#coursera #data management and visualisation

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candyswift-ny · 3 years ago

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Check Out the Latest Research on Non-IgG Antibodies (IgA, IgE, IgM & IgY)

It has been 35 years since the FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) approved the first monoclonal antibodies in 1986, and now antibody-based drugs account for nearly one-fifth of new FDA drug approvals each year. During this time, antibody engineering has changed dramatically. Current antibody drugs have become a major new class of drugs developed in recent years because of their high specificity and low adverse effects. The market for therapeutic antibody drugs is bound to explode as antibody-based drugs are approved for the treatment of a variety of diseases, including cancers, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases.

There are approximately 130 human antibody drugs approved for marketing worldwide, all of which are of the IgG type. Is there any hope for other non-lgG antibodies to be used in the clinic? This article brings together several important recent studies of non-lgG antibodies, including IgA, IgE, IgM, and IgY, for study purposes.

1. Anti-CfaE nanobodies provide broad cross-protection against major pathogenic enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains, with implications for vaccine design

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) has a high level of heterogeneity, and nanobodies can access different antigenic sites (e.g., enzyme active sites, depressed regions of viral glycoproteins), resulting in finger-like extensions that recognize conserved epitopes on highly variable pathogens. The study engineered the nanobodies together with IgA Fc domains as IgA Fc fusions (VHH-IgA), a design that improves antibody stability, potency, and mucosal stability, effectively reducing the risk of bacterial infection. The paper was published in Vaccine in February 2020, and the research team is from University of Massachusetts Medical School, USA.

2. Past, present, and future of anti-IgE biologics

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) plays a key role in allergic hypersensitivity reactions to normally innocuous substances. This study highlights the molecular characterization of past and present anti-IgE biologics (especially antibodies) and suggests concepts that may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of future drug candidates. The paper was published in April 2020 in the EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY, and the research team is from University of Bern, Switzerland.

3. Nasal delivery of an IgM offers broad protection from SARS-CoV-2 variants

IgM-14 is an immunoglobulin M (IgM) neutralizing antibody based on the IgG-neutralizing antibody IgG-14, which is more than 230 times more potent than its parent IgG-14 in neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 and can overcome the resistance problems encountered with immunoglobulin G (IgG)-based therapies. This study demonstrates that intranasal administration of engineered IgM can improve the efficacy of anti-COVID-19, reduce drug resistance, and simplify prevention and treatment. The paper was published in Nature in June 2021, and the first author is Zhiqiang Ku from the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA.

4. Immunoglobulin Y for Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications in Infectious Diseases

Chicken immunoglobulin Y (IgY), a highly conserved homolog of human immunoglobulin G (IgG), has shown many benefits and a good safety record in animal models of human infectious diseases. This study summarizes the various applications of IgY, focusing on their potential for the detection, prevention, and treatment of human and animal infections. The paper was published in June 2021 in Frontiers in Immunology, with the research team from Stanford University School of Medicine, University of Technology, and SPARK.

“It may seem that antibody-based drugs have been in development for years, but it’s only the beginning, and the next 100 years’ development is sure to be even faster than the last 100. We value the potential of non-IgG antibody development and are dedicated to advancing the non-IgG-related new drug discovery by the one-stop CRO services,” said a scientist from Creative Biolabs, a biotech company focusing on non-IgG antibody development solutions.

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usm1566 · 3 years ago

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What’s the future benefits of machine learning in the medical sector

Today, technology-based healthcare is a reality as smart medical devices become mainstream. The healthcare industry welcomes innovation; that is why the future of AI in healthcare is very bright. Google has already launched an algorithm that successfully identifies cancer in mammograms, while scientists at Stanford University can identify skin cancer thanks to Deep Learning. Artificial Intelligence Development in New York is responsible for processing thousands of different data points, accurately predicting risks and outcomes, as well as many other functions.

Benefits of machine learning in the medical sector

Drug discovery:

Drug discovery and development is very expensive and time-consuming work. Typically, the development of a new drug takes more than 10 years to enter the market and costs approximately $ 2.6 billion, according to the Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development. A drug discovery initiative aims to find a compound that reacts with specific molecules in the body, causing the disease to be cured. But there is a strong possibility that the nucleus or the supporting drug compound will react adversely to undirected molecules in the body, potentially causing dangerous and threatening side effects.

Since pharmaceutical companies cannot predict a potential effect of a drug compound on targeted and nondirected molecules using traditional computational technologies, the chances of drug failure are higher in clinical trials. This scenario makes drug discovery a very expensive and time-consuming process. In this case, better predictive methods that use machine learning can save a lot of resources. The machine learning-based approach (considering the large volume of clinical data for approved and failed drugs) to identify a toxic compound that can cause side effects can save a lot of resources before starting clinical trials.

About 90% of drugs cannot go through the testing process. By automating compound molecule reaction processes using machine learning development, pharmaceuticals can improve the drug discovery, development process and reduce time to market. According to a Machine learning company, automating the drug discovery process can reduce costs by approximately 70%.

Machine learning-based behavior modification:

Behavioral modification is an important part of medicine, and since machine practice has expanded in healthcare, countless startups have grown in areas such as cancer prevention and recognition, patient treatment, and more. Somatics, a B2B2C-based data analysis company, has released an ML-based app to identify the gestures we make in our daily lives, allowing us to understand our unconscious behavior and make necessary changes.

Identification and diagnosis of diseases:

By analyzing hundreds of health care records and other patient data, machine learning algorithms can find patterns related to diseases and health conditions.

Recent developments in machine learning can help increase access to healthcare in developing countries and innovate in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Entrepreneur reports that a deep learning-based prediction model developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology can predict the development of breast cancer years in advance.

In addition, according to a Data science development company in USA research, applications of AI in healthcare "can now diagnose skin cancer more accurately than a certified dermatologist." The article points out the additional benefits of machine learning, including the speed and efficiency of diagnostics, and a shorter period of time to train an algorithm compared to a human.

Patient safety and results:

The quality of the data input in the Artificial Intelligence services determines the reliability of the output. Bad or faulty data can undermine the reliability of the system, which then calls into question whether decisions based on the data are right or wrong.

Another concern with faulty data is that it can lead to a lack of cultural competence. For example, since the data generally does not represent minority populations, it can put people at risk of overdiagnosis or underdiagnosis.

The bottom line is that concerns about system stability and a lack of cultural competence can lead to erroneous results when machine learning algorithms are used on incorrect data to ill-informed medical decision making, and ultimately affect patient safety and outcomes.

Improved radiotherapy:

One of the most popular applications of and machine learning in healthcare is in the field of radiology. There are many unique variables in medical image analysis that can arise at any given time. There are many lesions, cancer foci, etc. that simply cannot be modeled using complex equations. Learning from the various models of ML-based algorithms available will make it easier to identify and find variables. One of the most popular uses of machine learning in medical image analysis is to classify objects such as injuries as general or abnormal, ulcer or non-lesion. Researchers at UCLH can help Google's Deepmind Health actively develop algorithms to identify the difference between healthy and cancerous tissue and improve radiation therapy.

Conclusion:

Summarizing the importance of the applications of deep learning and machine learning in healthcare, the highest score corresponds to its powerful abilities to sort and classify health data, as well as to accelerate the clinical decisions of doctors and any type of prediction that can save lives. or make surgery less complicated (for example, preventing hypoxemia during surgery). Isn't it already a lot? Human life is without a doubt the most valuable thing. Today, machine learning in healthcare provides technologies that directly contribute to the future of advanced medical diagnostics and medicine as a whole. Other alternatives, such as AI in nutrition, will be discussed in future articles!

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Yamuna mannepalli

I am working as a Marketing Associate at USM Business Systems. I completed a B.Tech. in Computer Science from JNTUK. I spend most of my time observing social behavior for brand spanking new shopper trends. I'm curious about technology, market behavior, new media, the surroundings, property, artistic movement, eventualities and corporations.

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medicalrecordsummaryservice · 8 months ago

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newyorkprelawland-blog · 3 years ago

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How Dope is Marijuana Use?

By Abagail Hobika, Fordham University Class of 2023

August 10, 2021

According to the World’s Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), the cannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol, also known as THC, is a prohibited substance. To contextualize this prohibition a bit more, the use of THC in Olympic competitions is strictly banned because of its classification from the WADA. How is this information relevant to sports today?

During the USA 2021 Olympic trials held in Oregon, the American sprinter Sha’Carri Richardson finished first for the women’s 100-meter race. However, she tested positive for marijuana use and her results were disqualified based on this breach in protocol. What protocol? The World Anti-Doping Agency states that “the In-Competition period shall in principle be the period commencing just before midnight (at 11:59 p.m.) on the day before a Competition in which the Athlete is scheduled to participate until the end of the Competition and the Sample collection process.” (“World Anti-Doping Code International Standard: Prohibited List 2021.”) To explain, while Richardson’s substance use is legal in the state of Oregon, it is still considered a no-go for the Olympic trials because she used said-substance in a time frame that was too close to the competition.

Many fans and spectators of Richardson cried out that what was being done to her was completely unfair and unprecedented. After all, Richardson claims that her marijuana use was a one-time occurrence, and the only reason she felt it was necessary was because of a reporter’s intrusive comments about the death of her biological mother. Richardson is on record, saying, “‘I was just thinking it would be a normal interview and then on the interview to that information from a complete stranger, it was definitely triggering, it was nerve shocking because it’s like who are you to tell me that? . . . From there just blinded by emotions, blinded by bad news blinded by just hiding hurt, honestly for the fact that I can’t hide myself, so at least in some type of way, I was trying to hide my pain.’” (Almasy and Martin, “Though Her Suspension Ends Before Relay Event, Sha'Carri Richardson Left Off US Olympic Track Team.”)

Furthermore, according to the Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine, “Medical and nonmedical cannabis use among athletes reflects changing societal and cultural norms and experiences. Although cannabis use is more prevalent in some athletes engaged in high-risk sports, there is no direct evidence of performance-enhancing effects in athletes. The potential beneficial effects of cannabis as part of a pain management protocol, including reducing concussion-related symptoms, deserve further attention.” (Ware, Mark A, et al. “Cannabis and the Health and Performance of the Elite Athlete.”) This quote shows the reader that there is not significant evidence that proves that cannabis (including marijuana) can be considered a performance-enhancing drug. Can Sha’Carri Richardson sue the United States Olympic team for disqualifying her from the 100 meter race?

It is unlikely that her status in the 2021 Tokyo Olympics will change. To explain, let us examine the case, World Anti-Doping Agency v. Ms. Daria Goltsova and International Weightlifting Federation, which was discussed in the Court of Arbitration for Sport. To briefly summarize the background of this case, “an in-competition test performed on a urine sample provided by the Athlete on 13 May 2011 on the occasion of the Youth World Championships in Lima, Peru (the ‘Competition’), the Athlete tested positive for a metabolite of cocaine . . . the cocaine entered her body as a result of her consumption of a ‘Delisse’ brand tea named ‘Mate de Coca’ during her stay at the St. Augustine Hotel, Lima during the competition.” (“CAS 2014/A/3485 World Anti-Doping Agency v Ms. Daria Goltsova and International Weightlifting Federation.”) The athlete in question was then immediately charged with a period of ineligibility of 6 months by the International Weightlifting Federation (IWF).

This case seems similar enough to Richardson’s, although there is one noticeable difference. The athlete in this case was unaware that she was taking a prohibited substance. She did not speak English and was therefore unaware of the information written on the tea bags or the fact that many countries in South America use cocaine as an ingredient in their teas. WADA felt that “. . . She made an unfortunate and understandable error. The Panel is therefore satisfied that the sanction imposed should be the minimum . . . one year’s ineligibility.” (“CAS 2014/A/3485 World Anti-Doping Agency v Ms. Daria Goltsova and International Weightlifting Federation.”) Daria Goltsova was unaware of her substance use, and was still held accountable for it in the Court of Arbitration for Sport. Richardson on the other hand, knowingly used marijuana. . For this reason, one can conclude that if Goltsova was punished, it is likely that Richardson’s suspension will be upheld.

Based on the bans clearly set forth by the WADA and also the case of World Anti-Doping Agency v. Ms. Daria Goltsova and International Weightlifting Federation, it seems that the USA track team has a pretty solid case against Richardson running for the American team. Past-precedent is on the side of WADA, so protests against her suspension will most likely go unresolved.

______________________________________________________________

Almasy, Steve, and Jill Martin. “Though Her Suspension Ends Before Relay Event, Sha'Carri Richardson Left Off US Olympic Track Team.” CNN Sports, 6 July 2021, www.cnn.com/2021/07/06/sport/shacarri-richardson-no-olympics-spt-intl/index.html.

“CAS 2014/A/3485 World Anti-Doping Agency v Ms. Daria Goltsova and International Weightlifting Federation.” Court of Arbitration for Sport, 13 Aug. 2014, www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/cas-2014-a-3485-goltsova.pdf.

Ware, Mark A, et al. “Cannabis and the Health and Performance of the Elite Athlete.” Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine : Official Journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine, Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, Sept. 2018, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6116792/.

“World Anti-Doping Code International Standard: Prohibited List 2021.” World Anti-Doping Agency, Jan. 2021, www.wada-ama.org/.

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biomedgrid · 3 years ago

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Biomed Grid | The Effect of Optimizing Pre-Hospital First Aid Process on the Efficacy of Rescue and Treatment for Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Introduction

The incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in China is increasing year by year, but the overall level of treatment is still unsatisfactory. In view of the current situation in China, in order to reduce the risk of ACS, and accurately screen out low-risk patients with pulmonary embolism, aortic dissection and acute myocardial infarction, so as to reduce misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis and overtreatment, and improve patients, The establishment of chest pain center is one of the effective means to improve the treatment level of ACS. Since most hospitals in China are general hospitals, the practice of the diagnosis and treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the construction of chest pain center in general hospitals is more representative [1]. Improving the diagnosis and treatment system of ACS in general hospitals and improving the process of chest pain centers are also more significant for promotion and guidance

Data Method

The Chest Pain Center of the General Hospital of Xuzhou Mining Group and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou medical university was established in 2014. The Chest Pain Center was established in accordance with the standards of the Chinese Chest Pain Center. The director-in-charge system under the guidance of the leading group of the hospital was established. The technical director and the administrative director were responsible for the professional operation and administrative management of the center, respectively. Wu includes Emergency Department, Cardiovascular Internal Care Unit, Catheter Room, Cardiac Surgery, Respiratory Department, Imaging Department, Laboratory Department and External Liaison Department. December 2014 became the third batch of certified qualified units of China Chest Pain Center.

Patients Selected

A total of 214 ACS patients admitted to our hospital from 2013 and 2018 were selected (45 before the construction of chest pain center in 2013 and 132 after the establishment of chest pain center in 2018). ACS patients were defined as those with abnormal ECG or myocardial enzymes within 12 hours of acute chest pain, and all of them underwent coronary intervention.

Process Improvement

According to the analysis of the joint regular meeting of the chest pain center, the Committee of the chest pain center constantly formulates and revises the pre-hospital first aid process, especially optimizes the 120 out-of-car and pre-hospital ECG transmission process, referral and reception process improvement. The process improvement highlights the responsibilities of pre-hospital emergency personnel, requiring pre-hospital emergency medical personnel to optimize the 120 out-of-car process, pre-hospital ECG transmission process, complete ECG collection within 10 minutes, and transmit it to the mobile phone on duty in the Chest Pain Center of Xuzhou Mining Group General Hospital, so as to reduce it as quickly as possible. The occurrence of pre-hospital delay.

Observation Indicators

To observe the changes of each time point during the treatment of chest pain center, the time of first medical contact with electrocardiogram, the time of first medical contact with physician’s interpretation of electrocardiogram, the time of door-enzyme, that is, the time from entry to biochemical markers, especially to observe and optimize the pre-hospital first aid process to shorten the D-to of ACS patients. B time, FMC-to-B time, transmission electrocardiogram ratio, ratio of bypass to emergency room, length of hospitalization and incidence of cardiovascular events were observed to observe the effect of process improvement on the prognosis of ACS patients.

Results

The number of patients with acute coronary syndrome increased by 65.9% in 2018 compared with before the construction of chest pain center in 2013. The D-to-B time was significantly shortened after the construction of chest pain center in 2018. The D-to-B time was( 41.82+4.23 vs 90.09+5.26; P>0.05), FM-to-B time (81.91 +4.43 vs 143.33+3.54; P> 0.05; first contact to the first ECG time 8.56+2.76 vs 15.83+3.56 points (P>0.05); gate enzyme time 20.71+5.12 vs 37.41+3.21 points (P>0.05); transmission electrocardiogram ratio increased from 0 in 2018 to 46.8% of patients selected in 2018, and bypass emergency treatment. The proportion of rooms increased to 24.3%. The average length of hospitalization was reduced from 11.04 to 4.54 days, and the incidence of cardiovascular events was reduced by 38%.

Discussion

The concept of chest pain center originated in the United States. The first “chest pain center” was established in 1981 at St. ANGLE Hospital in Baltimore, USA. At present, the number of “chest pain centers” in the United States has reached more than 5,000. In a narrow sense, the main purpose of establishing chest pain centers can be summarized in 16 words: “rapid diagnosis [2], timely treatment, reduction of death and avoidance of waste”. At present, the chest pain centers in our hospital have been running for more than 4 year. Because of the establishment of green channels, and the fact that the main class and reserve Doctor of Emergency Surgery in the Department mostly live near the hospital, so the total starting time of catheter room is about 30 minutes, and the D-to-B time is basically less than 90 minutes. In order to (Better)save patients ‘lives and make rapid diagnosis, more work should focus on the improvement of pre-hospital first aid process and shorten the pre-hospital delay to the maximum extent. Therefore, the center mainly carries out pre-hospital staff training, continuously improves the pre-hospital process, accurately records each time node and key indicators and constantly shorten the treatment time, reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events.

Formulation and Improvement of Pre-Hospital Process

Continuous improvement is the essence of the work of the Chest Pain Center of Xuzhou Mining Group General Hospital. The management organization of the Chest Pain Center constantly summarizes and collates the data and implements the corresponding process improvement plan. In order to reduce the uncertainty and randomness in the ACS treatment process, PDCA management method was applied to develop and improve the process. The goal of process formulation is to shorten the critical time nodes in the process of ACS first aid, to implement various measures to shorten the time of ACS first aid smoothly, and to adopt the corresponding assessment mechanism and incentive mechanism. The characteristics of general hospitals are still the traditional treatment methods, which is mainly manifested in the low proportion of ECG transmission before hospital, the insufficient proportion of bypassing emergency room, which leads(leading) to delayed treatment of ACS and doctors in our hospital cannot diagnose ACS in the first time. There are many similarities between our hospital and other general hospitals. As many as 70% of primary hospitals refer emergency PCI patients. Therefore, training doctors in grass-roots hospitals, transmitting electrocardiogram at the first time, shortening the start-up time of catheter room, and increasing the number of patients in bypass catheter room can improve the treatment level of patients and shorten the pre-hospital start-up delay [3].

The process improvement of our hospital has the following characteristics:

1. Emphasis is laid on the pre-hospital transmission of electrocardiogram by pre-hospital emergency personnel, the specific operation and responsibility of pre-hospital transmission of electrocardiogram to people, through mobile phone transmission, the electrocardiogram can be taken through mobile phone MMS, Wechat (18652153219) and QQ (1341954020) form to occur on the mobile phone of our center (1865215). 3219), the main class after receiving, if confirmed as STEMI after a key start.

2. Pre-hospital personnel began to use drugs in ambulances to shorten the medication time

3. Pre-hospital emergency personnel have the authority to start the catheter room and communicate with patients on the ambulance about the operation, to shorten the talk time after reaching the hospital.

4. For patients who disagree with the operation and are about to miss the opportunity of operation, local thrombolysis can shorten the reperfusion time

5. Cardiologists on duty can enter the catheter room directly according to the results of electrocardiogram and the communication between pre-hospital emergency personnel and patients, bypass the emergency room, greatly shorten the treatment time and reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events.

According to our experience, if the catheter room can be activated from the ambulance, the scheme of bypassing the emergency department and CCU can further shorten the treatment time.

6.2. Training and Drilling of Pre-Hospital Emergency Personnel

Because most ACS patients in our country first visit primary hospitals with limited conditions, this determines the importance of primary hospitals in shortening the reperfusion time of STEMI patients [4]. If primary hospitals can’t transfer patients to qualified hospitals for PCI treatment in a short time, they should not overemphasize the advantages of PCI so that delay the time of reperfusion. In this case, thrombolytic therapy should be carried out first, infarct-related blood vessels should be opened as soon as possible, and myocardial perfusion recovery is undoubtedly feasible way to maximize the protection of viable myocardium. However, whether thrombolysis is successful or not, patients should be transported to higher hospitals for PCI treatment as quickly and safely as possible after thrombolysis, to truly play an important role in STEMI treatment in primary hospitals. Therefore, primary hospitals must constantly be familiar with improving the ACS treatment and referral process [5].

In order to shorten the time of pre-hospital first aid, the center continuously enters the grass-roots hospitals for training and drilling.

Develop a practical training program for STEMI patients ‘treatment process:

1. Define the purpose of the exercise:

In order to better treat ACS patients, shorten the time of opening occluded blood vessels for STEMI patients, and maximize the myocardial salvage, this emergency treatment drill plan is formulated by the center of cardiology, together with the relevant departments such as mining general hospital first aid station, doctors of primary hospitals, emergency departments, laboratories, catheter rooms, imaging departments, respiratory departments, thoracic surgery , service center and other departments of the United City 120 Emergency Center.

2. Establish appropriate drilling time.

3. Aiming at the continuous drilling of the first aid station in the primary hospital and the general Mine Hospital of 120 emergency centers in the city, the organization of the drill was established. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the drill and grasp the various links of the drill, a leadership group of the emergency treatment drill program for STEMI patients was set up to take charge of the organization and leadership of the whole drill and the effect inspection.

4. Preparation for drill:

a. Organize the meeting of the members of each department, read out the drill plan, put forward the drill requirements, and clarify the necessity and basic steps and procedures of the drill.

b. Explain the significance of establishing chest pain center before exercise, the importance of emergency treatment exercise of STEMI patient treatment process, familiarize members with the treatment operation process, explain the procedure, content and time requirements of the exercise, in order to shorten the operation time of the process to the greatest extent.

c. Verify the operability of the emergency plan and make it further improved.

5. Event Presupposition: A patient with acute chest pain for 3 hours developed in a grass-roots hospital. The patient was 58 years old, healthy and slightly obese at ordinary times. Upper abdominal discomfort occurred after taking part in heavy physical work. Paroxysmal pain lasted for 3 hours and aggravated, accompanied by sweating and a sense of near-death. Colleagues suffered from serious diseases, the unit calls 120 emergency center, 120 ambulances will send patients to our hospital.

6. Exercise steps:

a. The dispatcher receives the alarm, inquires and dispatches.

b. Pre-hospital emergency personnel preparation and departure.

c. Disposal after arrival at the scene.

d. Treatment and communication during transit

e. Implement seamless connection after arriving at the hospital.

f. Emergency Department completes myocardial enzymes examination, communication, one key start.

7. Summary of the drill: After the drill, the leadership team of the emergency drill and the heads of departments gathered on the spot to attend the summary meeting of the drill.

In short, the Chest Pain Center is a concept for reducing the morbidity and mortality of acute myocardial infarction [6]. Through multidisciplinary cooperation (including Emergency Medical System (EMS), Emergency Department, Cardiology and Imaging), it provides rapid and accurate diagnosis, risk assessment and appropriate treatment. Therefore, in order to improve the treatment course of patients with chest pain simplification and optimization of the process of diagnosis and treatment simplify and optimize the treatment process, in all hospitals, especially in general hospitals at the grass-roots level, the chest pain center only pays attention to every link from the onset to the opening of infarction-related blood vessels. Extending the first aid service from optimizing the process of in-hospital treatment to pre-hospital first aid and transshipment will be the lessons faced by major PCI centers question. In the construction of chest pain center, continuous improvement of pre-hospital first aid process is carried out to classify and treat patients with chest pain effectively, so as to improve the ability of early diagnosis and treatment of ACS [7], reduce the possibility of occurrence of myocardial infarction or avoid occurrence of myocardial infarction, accurately screen out low-risk patients with myocardial ischemia, to reduce misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, and The aim of overtreatment and improvement of clinical prognosis of patients.

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juniperpublishersophthalmology · 3 years ago

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Juniper Publishers- JOJ Ophthalmology

Keratoconus Progression Diagnosis Evidenced by Corneal Epithelium Mapping- Juniper Publishers

Case Report

Background

We are reporting a case of a 16y.o. (y.o.b. 1996) young gentleman that we have followed for keratoconus in our center about a year ago. His first visit occurred on February, 2011. At this time he was informed about the different options such as collagen cross-linking, INTACS, the Athens Protocol (the combination of topography-guided partial ablation PRK with CXL), and lamellar keratoplasty. Following a complete clinical investigation, recommendation was given that the 0S be treated with cross-linking with simultaneous partial topography-guided excimer surface ablation (Athens Protocol) [1], which was performed in May, 2011.

The 0D had reasonable good correction (BCVA 20/20) and therefore, due to his age and good corneal thickness (CCT in the vicinity of 500μim), we recommended for him to follow eight months to a year's time in order to evaluate a possible progression and the possibility of intervention. This paper is about our investigation of the 0D keratoconus progression not only by optical anterior segment imaging technologies, but also by the epithelium mapping, which supported our findings relating to correlation of keratectasia and elevated corneal overall epithelium.

Methods and technologies

Anterior-segment imaging of keratometric, topometric and topographic parameters can be an important tool in the decisionmaking process and prompt action. The optical instruments involved in this report were Biometry by I0L Master (Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc., USA), Anterior-Segment 0ptical Coherence Tomography (AS OCT) by Optovue RTVue (Optovue Inc. Fremont, CA), Placido topography and Scheimpflug topography by Wave light (Erlagen, Germany), specifically the Topolyzerand the Pentacam High Resolution (Oculus Optikgerate GmbH), a.k.a. Oculyzer II, which is a Pentacam HR that has been specially configured to export topometric data to Alcon's refractive suite [2]. The ultrasound bio microscopy (UBM) instrument was the Artemis II + superior (Artemis Medical Technologies Inc. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada) [3]. To our knowledge this is the first such documented case combining these optical modalities with epithelium mapping by HF ultrasound for keratoconus screening in the peer-reviewed literature.

Patient follow-up

The initial anterior segment parameters recorded during the first visit (late February, 2011) are summarized in (Figure 1 &Table 1). Based on these findings, astigmatism was determined -1.25 D, with the flat axis was determined at 21°. We saw the patient several months later (late January, 2012). The data (Figure 2 & Table 2), indicated keratoconic progression, despite that overall corneal thickness was found increased by an average of 13μim. For example, the difference with the Pentacam (Oculyzer II) preimposed on the old and newer topometric measurement showed a change in the central steepening. For example, sagittal curvature increased, K1 (flat axis) by +0.2 D and K2 (steep axis) by +0.8 D. Likewise, anterior surface elevation was found increased by approximately + 13μim, also there was change between lowest elevation to pupil center (20711, -13 -> +3μiM, 2012 -18 -> +8μim). Based on these findings, astigmatism was determined at 40°:

We decided to further evaluate this finding because on topometric terms this finding suggested progression of the keratoconus. We obtained Artemis II+ HF UBM corneal epithelium mapping. Careful evaluation of the UBM findings revealed that the epithelium (Figure 3) was overall thicker compared to a population of 33 patients (50 eyes) [4]. The patient’s epithelium featured mean thickness 56μm (normal population 50.8μim), central thickness 60μm (normal population 52.1μm), and average peripheral thickness 50μm (normal population 49.54μm), while over the cone (located superiorly - temporal) the epithelium was thicker, at 53μm.

Discussion

We feel that this is a good example where the -at first sight- progression of keratoconus is accompanied by epithelium whose thickness is overall thicker than the control population, particularly at the pupil center by a significant amount (+8μm). This would be impossible to establish with Scheimpflug imaging maps alone. It appears the HF Ultrasound is able, by giving the specific epithelium maps to point to that direction. Obviously, for the definite diagnosis of this theory would be re-evaluation of the cornea with Oculyzer and UBM. In case where the epithelium returned to a thinner thickness we would expect that the Pentacam maps would flatten and that would establish that there is no actual progression of the keratoconus. It is interesting to compare the posterior curvature maps of past and current and see in these maps that there is a change in posterior curvature. One has to take into account that the increase of irregularity by the epithelium thickening may be the factor that creates this bias.

Acknowledgement

Dr. Kanellopoulos is a Consultant to Alcon Wave light.

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hellowordpar · 4 years ago

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ravidbmr · 4 years ago

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Probiotics Market Registering a CAGR of 7.12% by 2027 Strong Revenue, Competitive Outlook and Latest Innovation by: BioGaia AB, Protexin, Daflorn Probiotics UK. , DANONE, Yakult USA

A Latest Research Report by Our analysts on Probiotics Market is been done in this intelligence report. This all-inclusive research report is thoughtful compilation of thorough market development and growth factors that optimizes onward growth trajectory in the accurate data of the products, strategies, and market shares of leading companies in this particular market is mentioned. We follow an iterative research methodology model to formulate the report that helps decision-makers take sound investment evaluation. Secondary research is carried out using internal and external sources to obtain qualitative and quantitative information of the market backed by the primary Research.

The report also educates investors regarding the existing tends, prime challenges, and current expansion strategies applied by the key organizations that constitute the hyperactive competitive gamut of this business sphere. The report renders a point-to-point assessment of all major growth milestones responsible for healthy growth trail and revenue sustainability. Besides keeping a steady track record of major market trends, untapped market opportunities as well as thorough barrier analysis.

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Major market drivers and restraints:

Increase of Probiotics in surgical procedures

Technological advancements in Probiotics

Increase in number of ageing patients

Rising level of air pollution

Reimbursement from healthcare insurance for purchase of medical device

High Price of devices

Exploring the growth rate over a period

Business owners looking to scale up their business can refer this report that contains data regarding the rise in sales within a given consumer base for the forecast period, 2020 to 2027. Product owners can use this information along with the driving factors such as demographics and revenue generated from other products discussed in the report to get a better analysis of their products and services. Besides, the research analysts have compared the market growth rate with product sales to enable business owners to determine the success or failure of a specific product or service.

Important Insights Enclosed in the Report:

Technological developments within the Probiotics sphere

Growth prospects for new market players across different regions

Company profiles of leading players in the Probiotics

Up-to-date insights related to the key success factors impacting the growth of the Probiotics

Recent mergers, acquisitions, partnerships, and strategic alliances

Competitive Section:

The major players covered in the probiotics market report are Chr. Hansen Holding A/S, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd, Nestlé, DuPont, MORINAGA & CO., LTD., BioGaia AB, Protexin, Daflorn Probiotics UK., DANONE, Yakult USA, Deerland Enzymes, Inc., UAS Laboratories, among other domestic and global players. Market share data is available for global, North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific (APAC), Middle East and Africa (MEA) and South America separately. DBMR analysts understand competitive strengths and provide competitive analysis for each competitor separately.

Key questions answered in this report:

How much will Probiotics market be estimated at the end of the forecast period?

What are the factors that make the market growth?

Which regions/areas are dominating in the marketplace?

What are the Probiotics market opportunities?

What are the constraining factors or the threats to the Probiotics market?

What are some of the competing substitutes in this Probiotics market and what is the magnitude of the threat they represent to the loss of market share through product substitution?

What Mergers & Acquisition activity has occurred in those Probiotics market in historical years?

To summarize, the report presents key regions, the competitive regions in line with demand and supply analysis, market development rate in parallel with future analysis for the forecast years. The report considers SWOT as well as PESTLE to break the profitability of the market and the rate of development. The report provides assistance for the investors to speculate areas & analyze risk options.

Find More Competitor in TOC with Profile Overview Share Growth Analysis @ https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/toc/?dbmr=global-probiotics-market

Table of Contents: Probiotics Market

Probiotics Market Overview

Global Economic Impact on Industry

Global Market Competition by Manufacturers

Global Production, Revenue (Value) by Region

Global Supply (Production), Consumption, Export, Import by Regions

Global Production, Revenue (Value), Price Trend by Type

Global Market Analysis by Application

Manufacturing Cost Analysis

Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers

Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders

Market Effect Factors Analysis

Global Probiotics Market Forecast

Customization of the Report:

Data Bridge Market Research also provides customization options to tailor the reports as per client requirements. This report can be personalized to cater to your research needs. Feel free to get in touch with our sales team, who will ensure that you get a report as per your needs.

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About Us:

Data Bridge Market Research set forth itself as an unconventional and neoteric Market research and consulting firm with unparalleled level of resilience and integrated approaches. We are determined to unearth the best market opportunities and foster efficient information for your business to thrive in the market

Contact:

Data Bridge Market Research

Tel: +1-888-387-2818

Email: [email protected]

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#Probiotics Market Analysis in Developed Countries #Probiotics Market by Application #Probiotics Market Future Innovation #Probiotics Market Analysis #Probiotics Market by Type #Probiotics Market Development

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