#karl von hess

[wrestlingarsenal]

A nice Canadian Tag Team beating on a hairy Babyface in green trunks. I think his name is Pierre LeFebvre and he would later go on to wrestle as beefy Heel, "Mad Dog" Vachon.

Here he suffers beautifully as the meaty Heels and their dirty manager isolate him, molest him, and work him over good. They pull down his trunks to humiliate him and expose his pale flesh.

[lego-man-speer]

The Spandau Seven

Despite having a name that sounds like a cheesy nineties boyband or even some form of crappy Justice League, 'The Spandau Seven' was the name given to the Nazi war criminals who had been handed down prison sentences. These seven were held in Spandau Prison in West Berlin, a prison designed to hold 600 inmates, built in 1876 and demolished in 1987 shortly after the death of it's final remaining prisoner, Rudolf Hess. This post will go over the seven Spandau inmates briefly, from prisoner 1 to prisoner 7.

Prisoner No.1: Baldur von Schirach

Baldur von Schirach started off as the Reichsjugendführer (Reich Youth Leader) and Reichsführer for the Hitler Youth. From 1940 until the end of WW2, von Schirach became Gauleiter of Vienna. At the Nuremberg Trials, he was found guilty of Crimes Against Humanity and sentenced to twenty years in prison. He was the youngest of the prisoners, aged 40 when he arrived. Eugene Bird describes him in his book "The Loneliest Man in the World" as a "tall, superior man, hair brushed back from his forehead, an air of aloofness about him." as well as "arrogant" and "knowledgeable". During his time in prison he went through a divorce with his wife Henriette, and had suffered a detached retina which had to be operated on. He was released from prison on the 1st of October 1966 having served his full sentence. He died in 1974, aged just 67.

Prisoner No.2: Karl Dönitz

From 1943, Karl Dönitz (a career naval officer) had replaced Erich Raeder (we'll get to him later) as Commander-in-chief of the navy and Grand Admiral of the Naval High Command. In Hitler's last will and testament, Hitler named Dönitz as the Reichspräsident and the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. Under his order, the instrument of unconditional surrender was signed, marking the end of WW2 in Europe. At the Nuremberg Trials, he was found guilty of Planning, Initiating and Waging Wars of Aggression Crimes Against the Laws of War. He was sentenced to ten years in prison. He was released on the 30th of September 1956, having served his full sentence. He died in 1980, aged 89.

Prisoner No.3: Konstantin von Neurath

Konstantin von Neurath was a diplomat by career, having even worked for the SPD Weimar president Friedrich Ebert before the rise of the Nazi Party. He is probably most notable for serving as the Minister for Foreign Affairs under previous chancellor Franz von Papen and then under Hitler, a post which he held from 1932 until 1937 from which he was succeeded by the more compliant Joachim von Ribbentrop. He was subsequently made Reichsprotektor of Bohemia and Moravia. He remained a member of the Nazi government until 1943. At the Nuremberg Trials he was found guilty on all four counts, but the tribunal acknowledged that his successor, Joachim von Ribbentrop, was more culpable for the atrocities committed under the Nazis than Neurath was, and so was sentenced to only fifteen years in prison. However, von Neurath was released early on the 6th of November 1954 on the grounds of advanced age and ill health. He died two years later, aged 83.

Prisoner No.4: Erich Raeder

Erich Raeder was the former Grand Admiral and Commander-in-chief of the Navy, prior to the appointment of Karl Dönitz in 1943 after Raeder's resignation. At Nuremberg he was found guilty of Conspiracy to Commit Crimes Against Peace; Planning, Initiating, and Waging Wars of Aggression; and Crimes Against the Laws of War and was sentenced to life imprisonment. Raeder was released early on the grounds of ill-health however on the 26th of September 1955. He died five years later, aged 84.

Prisoner No.5: Albert Speer

Albert Speer had started off as Hitler's architect. He had been commissioned by many of the Nazi inner circle (including Göring, Goebbels and von Ribbentrop) for the design and construction of new homes for them, as well as the 1934 Nuremberg Rally which is arguably his most well-known work. Speer had a very close relationship with Hitler, with some regarding him as Hitler's "only real friend". In 1942, after a plane crash caused the death of Dr Fritz Todt (which Speer had in fact narrowly avoided himself!), Speer was appointed as the Minister of Armaments and Munitions and held this position until the end of the war. At Nuremberg, Speer was found guilty of War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity (on the grounds of his use of slave and forced labour). He was sentenced to twenty years in prison (this was the result of a compromise, some of the judges wanted Speer to hang). Eugene Bird described him in his book as "hard-working, pleasant, resigned to his remaining time in prison." During his time in prison, Speer would keep a record of the distances he walked each day as part of his 'world tour', and had claimed to have walked more than 30,000 kilometres. Speer's parents also died during his incarceration. He was released from prison on the 1st of October 1966 and became a media sensation, giving countless interviews (as well as that one Playboy interview). He died in 1981, aged 76.

Prisoner No.6: Walther Funk

Walther Funk was an economist. He was made Reich Minister for Economic Affairs in 1938 and President of the Reichsbank in 1939, and he held both of these posts until the end of the war. In these roles he signed laws that "aryanized" Jewish property and as Reichsbank President he accepted the forwarding of gold teeth extracted from concentration camp victims to be melted down to yield bullion. At the Nuremberg Trials, he was charged with Planning, Initiating and Waging Wars of Aggression, War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity and was sentenced to life imprisonment. Eugene Bird described him as the "sad clown". Due to failing health he was released on the 16th of May 1957. He died three years later, aged 69.

Prisoner No.7: Rudolf Hess

Rudolf Hess was Deputy Führer of the Nazi Party and third in line to the role of Führer (behind Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring) in the event of Hitler's death up until 1941. In May of 1941, Hess took off in a Messerschmitt from Augsburg and flew to Scotland in an attempt to begin peace talks with the British in the Second World War. His attempt massively backfired and was apprehended as a prisoner of war. While in prison, Hess began to show signs of memory loss and would sometimes refuse to eat as he claimed he was being poisoned by the British. At the Nuremberg Trials he admitted that this amnesia was simulated. He was charged with Conspiracy to Commit Crimes Against Peace and Planing, Initiating, and Waging Wars of Aggression, but due to his flight to Britain he was found not guilty of War Crimes or Crimes Against Humanity. He was sentenced to life imprisonment and the Soviets made sure that he would serve out his full sentence. During his time in prison, Eugene Bird had made an attempt to get close to Hess. He described him in his book as "cantankerous", "difficult to manage", and a "problem-child". From 1966 until his death he was the sole prisoner. Although Raeder and Funk (who were also imprisoned for life) were released from prison on grounds of ill health, this was never the case for Rudolf Hess. In late 1969, Hess was taken into hospital for a stomach ulcer and it seemed as though he was close to death. However, despite this, Hess was not released. Support was growing for Hess's release in Germany as well as three of the four allied nations (UK, US and France). The Soviets vetoed every attempt to release him. Rudolf Hess died in Spandau Prison on the 17th of August 1987 at the age of 93, reportedly of suicide, however debate remains as to whether he really committed suicide or whether he was murdered. Shortly after his death, Spandau Prison was destroyed to prevent it becoming a shrine for Neo-Nazi pilgrimages.

[badmovieihave]

Bad movie I have The Violent Shit Collection It has Violent Shit 1989, Violent Shit II: Mother Hold My Hand 1992, Violent Shit III: Infantry of Doom 1999 aka Zombie Doom, Violent Shit 4.0: Karl the Butcher VS. Axe 2010, and Zombie '90: Extreme Pestilence 1991

[artthatgivesmefeelings]

Joseph Karl Stieler (German, 1781–1858) Portrait of Carlotta von Breidbach-Bürresheim, 1863 Gallery of Beauties, Nymphenburg Palace Carlotta was born in Biebrich on the Rhine, the daughter of Jacob Philipp, Freiherr von Breidbach-Bürresheim and his wife Caroline, nee Baroness von Greifenklau. As lady-in-waiting of the Grand Duchess Mathilde of Hesse-Darmstadt, she visited the court of Maximilian II in Munich. On this occasion she met Ludwig I, who so admired Carlotta that he dedicated no less than 250 poems for her. After the death of his wife, Ludwig even proposed to Carlotta, but she refused. She later married Count Philipp von Waldeck, and they lived in Bohemia.

[stupidgirl2003]

The Old Mausoleum and Princess Elisabeth.

In the Grand Ducal Hessian family, the name Elisabeth evokes melancholic feelings; as the lives of the beholders of this beautiful name, which means 'God-given', the princesses Elisabeth, later Grand Duchess Elizaveta Feodorovna (1864-1918) and Elisabeth, Elizaveta Feodorovna's niece (1895-1903), were princesses whose lives and destinies were intermingled with happiness, devotion, service, and sadness. Today, remembering the beholders of this name, we can remember another Hessian princess named Elisabeth who, like Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig's daughter, also died in childhood. Being so young when she passed away, information about her is scarce. She was the fourth child and first daughter of the Hereditary Princely couple of Darmstadt, Ludwig and Wilhelmine, but the fact is that Elisabeth's parents had been leading separated lives for a while and, the age gap with her older brothers, Princes Ludwig and Karl, was of more than a decade. Therefore, that her biological father was not the Hereditary Prince does not come as a surprise, being the most probable biological father August von Senarclens-Grancy, a Swiss noble in service to the court. He was also the possible biological father of her younger siblings, Alexander and Marie, but, like her, they were also recognized by Ludwig. Wilhelmine's pregnancy with Elisabeth is mentioned in a letter from her sister, Russian Empress Elizaveta Alexeievna to her mother, Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt: '...I am very sorry for my poor aunt in Darmstadt [Luise, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by the Rhine, mother-in-law of Wilhelmine], whose eyes are in such a bad state. Is she happy with Mimi's [Wilhelmine's nickname] pregnancy ? Dear mother, I don't think I have been secretive with you, but when Mimi told me that I was the first person she had spoken to about her pregnancy, I thought it was not for me to be the first to speak of it, but for her in every way. I still don't know how far along she is, she hasn't told me, but I'm sure you do, dear mother...' . Three months after this letter was written, on the 20 of May of 1821, Amalie Elisabeth Luise Caroline Friederike was born. Although not directly mentioned, she was possibly named in honor of her maternal grandmother and maternal aunts and her official paternal grandmother. She, as a child, possibly spent the majority of her time with nannies that took care of her, and with her mother Wilhelmine. Elisabeth has been referred to as her mother's favorite daughter. Her mother, who loved to travel to Switzerland and had visited it several times before, decided to take all her children in a travel there, but what was to be a happy event, was marked by tragedy, as Elisabeth, in the outward journey, contracted scarlet fever and died on May 27, 1826, in Lausanne, a week after her fifth birthday.

Little Elisabeth was laid to rest first in the Darmstadt City Church for some time until 1831, when the mausoleum her mother had asked court architect Georg Moller to erect in the Rosehöhe, a most loved place for her, was finished. This mausoleum with time became an important burial place for the Hessian Grand Ducal family.

As for Wilhelmine, with the death of Elisabeth, her love for Switzerland, traveling, and life in general decayed. She said some years later 'the old wanderlust is no longer to be found in me'.

Wilhelmine died in 1836, and asked her husband, now Grand Duke Ludwig II, to have a simple funeral and to be laid to rest with her beloved Elisabeth.

Sources: L'impératrice Élisabeth, épouse d'Alexandre 1er by Grand Duke Nikolai Mikhailovich, podcast 'Treffpunkt Heilingenberg' #3 'Eine Affäre in der Schweiz', Die Hessin auf dem Zarenthron: Maria, Kaiserin von Russland, http://www.park-rosenhoehe.info/Park_Geschichte.html and https://freunde-des-schlossmuseum-darmstadt.de/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/flyer_palais.pdf

Thanks to @abigaaal for her feedback on this!

[graceofromanovs]

GODPARENTS OF EMPEROR ALEXANDER III

Emperor Alexander III (then Grand Duke) was born as the second son of Emperor Alexander II (then Tsesarevich) on 10 March 1845, during the reign of his grandfather Emperor Nicholas I. He was christened a week later at 10 am in the Winter Palace Church, St. Petersburg, by the Confessor of Their Imperial Highnesses. He had six listed godparents:

NICHOLAS I, EMPEROR OF RUSSIA - his paternal grandfather was one of his godparents present at his christening. Mainly remembered in history as a reactionary whose controversial reign was marked by geographical expansion, centralisation of administrative policies and repression of dissent. He died in 1855, when the Alexander was only 9 years-old, just a week shy from his 10th birthday.

LOUIS II, GRAND DUKE OF HESSE AND BY RHINE - his maternal grandfather was another of his godparents, but was absent at the christening. The hessian grand duke, like his paternal grandfather, was also considered a reactionary leader, he was in conflict with parliament almost his entire reign. The German revolution in 1848-49 proved his inability to govern. On March 5, 1848 he named his son Louis III as co-regent, and a year later he died.

GRAND DUCHESS ELENA PAVLOVNA OF RUSSIA - his great-aunt, the wife of Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich, stood as one of his godparents. Born as Princess Charlotte of Württemberg, she became a close friend of Alexander's mother the Empress Maria Alexandrovna, and was known as an intellectual. She was also considered the most exceptional woman in the imperial family since Catherine the Great.

GRAND DUCHESS OLGA NIKOLAEVNA OF RUSSIA, QUEEN CONSORT OF WÜRTTEMBERG - his aunt was one of his godparents present at the christening. She was the younger sister of his father. Attractive, cultured and intelligent, she was considered to be one of the most eligible princesses in Europe. Just three years after her nephew was born, in 1846, she married Crown Prince Karl of Württemberg. Alexander's older brother the heir apparent Nicholas died just two months before their aunt Queen consort of Württemberg. With his death, he became the next heir apparent, the 'Tsesarevich'.

GRAND DUCHESS MARIA PAVLOVNA OF RUSSIA, GRAND DUCHESS CONSORT OF SAXE-WEIMAR-EISENACH - his great-aunt was another of his godparents. One of the daughters of Emperor Paul I, the grand duchess married a German prince Karl Friedrich, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach in 1804. She was an intellect, interested in both arts and sciences. German poet and novelist Johann Wolfgang von Goethe hailed her as one of the worthiest women of his time. She was the great-grandmother of Wilhelm II, German Emperor and Queen Victoria of Sweden.

PRINCESS MATHILDE CAROLINE OF BAVARIA, GRAND DUCHESS OF HESSE AND BY RHINE - his aunt, the wife of his uncle Louis III, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, was listed as one of the future emperor's godparents. She was the eldest daughter of King Ludwig I of Bavaria. Her marriage to Louis III was childless. She died of cancer in 1862 at the age of 48.

Source

[pettirosso1959]

MA CHI ERA VERAMENTE KARL MARX?

Da Barbara Costa per Dagospia:

Karl Marx era un mantenuto. Lui, la moglie, i figli, addirittura l’amante, vivevano tutti sulle spalle di Friedrich Engels, compagno comunista ricchissimo, rampollo di facoltosi industriali.

In nome del proletariato, Marx non ha lavorato un giorno in vita sua. In nome del proletariato, Marx sdegnava i proletari, non ne ha mai frequentato uno, tranne le prostitute dei bordelli con cui andava a spassarsela con Engels, che pagava per tutti e due. Lo stesso Engels, accusato di stupro da una cameriera, disse che si era trattato di amore non ricambiato.

Karl Marx, piccolo borghese, sposò un’aristocratica, Jenny von Westphalen, una baronessa anglo-tedesca. Jenny e Marx fecero sesso prima del matrimonio, lei felicissima di aver perso con lui la verginità, gioia sparita subito dopo le nozze: Marx si rivelò un marito egoista e fannullone, dedito solo a teorizzare la rivoluzione che avrebbe cambiato i destini del mondo, quel comunismo che nel ‘900 rovinò la vita a popoli interi.

Alla sua famiglia riservò una vita di stenti: più di un figlio morì di malattie e denutrizione. Un’esistenza misera, piena di debiti, una vita a scrocco di Engels, che passava a Marx tre quarti del suo stipendio, e una volta per lui addirittura rubò. Engels gli trovava editori per libri che Marx non consegnava mai (Il Capitale ci mise 23 anni a scriverlo).

Marx fece fallire quasi tutti i giornali cui collaborava o che avevano la sventura di finire sotto la sua direzione. Fogli finanziati da quei borghesi tanto disprezzati, ma che coi loro soldi gli hanno sempre permesso di portare avanti le sue idee. Il suo non era disprezzo, ma rancore per non essere come loro.

Marx parlava male le lingue, il suo accento tedesco era insopportabile e insopprimibile, nemmeno il suo aspetto fisico affascinava: accurate biografie parlano della sua barba ispida e mal curata, del suo odore sgradevole, i suoi modi aspri e aggressivi, le sue unghie lunghe e nere. L’amico dei proletari non era invitato nei lussuosi salotti parigini, e se ne rodeva. I Marx avevano una domestica, Lenchen, che dormiva in un cantuccio nello studio del gran pensatore.

Marx non la pagava ma se la scopava (lo facevano pure per strada). Quando Lenchen rimase incinta Marx, terrorizzato della reazione di Jenny, piagnucolò soldi e aiuto da Engels, il quale accettò di riconoscere lui il bambino e di prendersi in casa Lenchen, pur di salvare il matrimonio al suo amico. Engels gli si ribellò una volta sola, quando rimase vedovo e Marx, invece di confortarlo, gli chiese soldi per comprare un paio di scarpe. Engels s’incazzò, ma gli diede lo stesso 5 sterline.

Marx sosteneva che tutto è determinato dall’economia, anche il sesso, i sentimenti, le passioni: per le sue necessità, lui usava i soldi degli altri. Marx andava avanti a furia di prestiti pur di non mettersi a lavorare per mantenere la sua famiglia: a Londra il poco che avevano finì pignorato. Buttati fuori da ogni tugurio di cui non pagavano l’affitto, alla loro porta bussavano i creditori che Marx chiamava avidi borghesi, ed erano macellai, lattai, farmacisti, gente che viveva di onesto e duro lavoro, quello che Marx non ha mai conosciuto, semmai schifato.

Marx non aveva rapporti con la famiglia d’origine, ma era contento quando un parente moriva e gli lasciava qualche eredità. Rivide sua madre dopo 20 anni e solo per chiederle soldi: la donna rifiutò e Marx ci litigò a morte. Si fece di ogni amico un nemico, scrivendo su chi aveva successo articoli rosari di insulti. Il filosofo Moses Hess, che aveva organizzato collette per aiutarlo, negli scritti di Marx è solo il marito di una prostituta che gli ha attaccato la gonorrea, e altri sono denigrati come pazzi sifilitici per identici motivi. Marx metteva in giro fake-news di sua invenzione per colpire chi era migliore di lui. Invidioso marcio, gli lanciava contro le più infami calunnie.

Marx da ragazzo voleva fare il poeta, non c’era riuscito, per questo odiava gli scrittori affermati e gioiva delle loro disgrazie: come fu contento quando Ferdinand Lassalle venne sfidato a duello e ucciso dal marito della donna che si era portato a letto!

Lassalle morto non poteva più scrivere libri migliori di Marx, non gli intralciava più il comando della causa comunista, soprattutto era uno a cui non doveva più soldi. Marx non perse mai l’amicizia di Engels, il quale assicurò la dote alle figlie di Marx: il padre coi soldi altrui si sentì in dovere di garantirgli “vantaggiosi matrimoni, perché una vita proletaria non fa certo per loro”. Tussi e Laura Marx, sposate a uomini ricchissimi i cui soldi mantennero lo stesso Marx, morirono suicide, disperate per tutte le corna ricevute dai loro mariti.

Andare a letto con Marx doveva essere un vero sacrificio. Si lavava poco, l’igiene gli era sconosciuta. Ferdinand von Westphalen, suo cognato e ministro degli interni di Bismark, gli mise alla calcagna un agente segreto, che stilò questo bel ritrattino: “Uomo disordinato, per Karl Marx lavarsi, prendersi cura della sua persona, cambiare la biancheria, sono eventi piuttosto rari. Spesso è ubriaco, dorme tutto il giorno vestito sul sofà, incurante di tutto”.

Ha ragione Montanelli: cosa non ha detto e scritto Karl Marx? Tutto e il contrario di tutto, tranne la giusta profezia di un fatto storico che si sia poi realizzato. L’era capitalistica finirà con l’esaurimento dei mezzi di produzione che l’hanno determinata, questa e altre cazzate Marx le sosteneva più d’un secolo e mezzo fa, e stiamo ancora aspettando il sol dell’avvenire, l’abolizione della proprietà privata e tutto il potere al popolo, per un’insensata società di individui tutti uguali, immobili come statuine del presepe, senza problemi, tantomeno sessuali, appagati da chissà quale felicità.

#KarlMarx

[chevvy-yates]

[B_RES]_31102049-GER-EUR scharfenberg_g_portraits_011_2_2066.file ///core:_ryder_von_scharfenberg.file\\\

⚠️ READ: Please do not repost/reupload any of my art here or to any other platform, or I will be forced to do anything to get it annihilated.

—

RYDER'S BACKSTORY (longer version) 2049—2066

Ryder was born as Gilbert von Scharfenberg on the 31st October 2049 in Frankfurt am Main, Hesse, Germany into a wealthy Corpo family. His father, Wilhelm von Scharfenberg, is a high ranked businessman working for Militech Europe. His mother, Katharina von Scharfenberg, also works for a huge corporation mainly developing health care and cosmetics. He wasn’t exactly a planned child, since the Scharfenbergs already had a son, Gilbert’s two years older brother Karl.

⇢ data:_past_years_2049—2066.file

breaching… … data secure. no daemons found. link leads to pdf on a safe cloud-drive_

[theintexp]

The Battle of Tarutino on 18 October 1812 by Peter von Hess

The Battle of Tarutino (Russian: Тарутинское сражение) was a part of Napoleon's invasion of Russia. In the battle, Russian troops under the general command of Bennigsen (as part of Kutuzov's army), on instructions from Kutuzov, launched an attack and defeated French troops under the command of Joachim Murat. The battle is sometimes called the Battle of Vinkovo (French: Bataille de Winkowo) or the Battle of the Chernishnya (Russian: Сражение у реки Чернишни) after the local river. Many historians claim that the latter name is more fitting because the village of Tarutino was 8 km from the described events.

After the battle of Borodino, Kutuzov realized that the Russian army would not survive one more large engagement and ordered his soldiers to retreat to the south of Moscow to reinforce his army. At first it retreated in the south-east direction along the Ryazan road. When the army reached the Moskva River it crossed it and turned to the west to the Old Kaluga road. The army pitched camp in a village of Tarutino near Kaluga. At the same time small units of Cossacks continued moving along the Ryazan road misleading French troops under the command of Murat. When he discovered his error he did not retreat but made camp not far from Tarutino in order to keep his eye on the Russian camp, while Napoleon occupied Moscow.

On 18 October 1812 Kutuzov ordered Bennigsen and Miloradovich to attack Murat's corps (20,000 men) with two columns stealthily crossing the forest in the dead of night. Bennigsen's main force included three columns led by Vasily Orlov-Denisov, Karl Gustav von Baggehufwudt and Alexander Osterman-Tolstoy respectively. The other column was supposed to play an auxiliary role. In the darkness most of the troops got lost. By the morning only Cossack troops under the command of General Vasily Orlov-Denisov reached the original destination, suddenly attacked the French troops and captured the French camp with transports and cannons. Since other Russian units came late the French were able to recover. When the Russians emerged from the forest they came under French fire and suffered casualties. Murat was forced to retreat to escape being surrounded, but the Russian general Baggehufwudt was killed, while Bennigsen was concussed in the leg. The French forces suffered more than 3,000 dead and wounded, 12 cannons, 20 caissons, 30 train-waggons had been taken, two generals killed, the Russians lost about 500 dead.

Kutuzov had attacked Napoleon's army and won a victory. One day later Napoleon started his own retreat from Moscow on the 19 October 1812 southwards in direction of Kaluga. The next major battle was the Battle of Maloyaroslavets.

The battle is depicted in Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace. In the novel, Tolstoy claims that while the battle did not achieve any of its goals, it was exactly what the Russian army needed at the time, in that it exposed the weakness of the French army and gave Napoleon the push needed to begin his retreat. Sources. The Battle of Tarutino, from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

[schwarzsonnig]

Hier kommt die Liste meiner Lieblingsautoren (werde es von Zeit zu Zeit ergänzen):

📜 🪶 Hermann Hesse

🎖️🕊️ Erich Maria Remarque

���🍂 Lucy Maud Montgomery

🚼🤴 Janusch Kortschack

🏚️🌗 Joseph Karl Benedikt von Eichendorff

🔆⏳ Lew Nikolajewitsch Tolstoi

🌚🖤 Fjodor Michailowitsch Dostojewski

🧙‍♂️🔮 Joanne Rowling

🛡️🏰 John Ronald Reuel Tolkien

[theroyalfanzine]

Queen Victoria’s Descendants (updated 2023)

If you see any mistakes or can offer info on something like “Child 1” or an unknown birth or death year, please let me know. The only non-living descendants I kept on this list were her children

Key

Bold names=Queen Victoria’s children

* Descendants are already listed elsewhere on this list or the ones who would follow said person Examples:  Mark Nicholas van Eyck should be followed by  Princess Dorothea of Hesse but she and her descendants are also descended elsewhere. Another examples are Queen Elizabeth II & The Duke of Edinburgh’s descendants and the descendants of Princess Sibylla of Saxe-Coburg und Gotha and   Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten  

** I’ve seen reports that she died in 2002, but no obituary. Any ideas?

Bold and Italics together on one name denotes this person is presently one of the 10 eldest lived persons of Queen Victoria (

Bold, Italics and underline on one name (Lady Pamela Hicks) denotes the current eldest living descendant of Queen Victoria

The Princess Victoria, Princess Royal, German Empress (1840-1901)

Friederike Thyra Marion Wilhelmine Dorothea von der Osten(1959)

Felicitas Catharini Malina Johanna von Reiche von Heinz (1986)

Victoria Cecilie Alexandra Josephine von Reiche (1989)

Donata Friederike Diana Sophie von Reiche (1992)

Hubertus Christoph Joachim Friedrich von der Osten (1964)

Cecilie Felicitas Katherina Sophie von der Osten (1967)

Julius Marxen (1998)

Victor Marxen ( 2002)

Diana Renata Friederike von Nostitz-Wallwitz (1974)

Child 1

Child 2 (2011)

Philip Kirill Prinz von Preußen (1968)

Paul Wilhelm  von Preußen (1995)

Maria Luise  von Preußen (1997)

Elisabeth Christine von Preußen (1998)

Anna Sophie  von Preußen (2001)

Johanna Amalie von Preußen (2002)

Timotheus Friedrich  von Preußen (2005)

Friedrich Wilhelm Prinz von Preußen (1979)

Friedrich Wilhelm  von Preußen (2012)

Charlotte von Preußen (born 201?)

Princess Viktoria-Luise von Preußen, Hereditary Princess of Leiningen (1982)

Princess Alexandra Ehrengard Viktoria Luise of Leiningen (2020)

Princess Feodora of Leiningen (2021)

Joachim Albrecht von Preußen (1984)

Georgina  von Preußen (2018)

Caspian  von Preußen (2018)

Michaela Prinzessin von Preußen (1967)

Child 1

Child 2

Nataly Prinzessin von Preußen (1970)

Princess Marie Cécile of Prussia (1942)

Kira-Marina Liepsner (1977)

Luise von Bismarck (unknown)

Sophie von Bismarck (unknown)

Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia (1976)

Prince Carl Friedrich Franz Alexander of Prussia (2013)

Prince Louis Ferdinand Christian Albrecht of Prussia (2013)

Princess Emma Marie Charlotte Sophie of Prussia (2015)

Prince Heinrich Albert Johann George of Prussia (2016)

Princess Cornelie-Cecile of Prussia (1978)

Prince Christian-Sigismund of Prussia ( 1946)

Isabelle-Alexandra Prinzessin von Preußen (1969)

Prince Christian Ludwig of Prussia (1986)

Princess Irina of Prussia (1988)

Patrick Edvard Christian Lithander(1973)

Pius Lithander ( 2005)

Hugo Lithander (2006)

Karl Lithander (2008)

Merle Lithander (2010)

Wilhelm Sebastian Lithander (1974)

Steen Lithander (2010)

Ebba Lithander (2012)

Princess Anastasia Victoria Cecilia Hermine of Prussia (1944)

Princess Augustina of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (1999)

Hereditary Prince Nicodemus of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (2001)

Prince Laurentius of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (2006)

Princess Kiliane Olympia of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (2008)

Prince Hubertus of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (1968)

Prince Dominik Wilhelm  of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (2001)

Prince Frederick Nicholas of Prussia (1946)

Beatrice von Preussen (1981)

Florence von Preussen (1983)

Sylvie Beatrice Selina Tollemache (2016)

Augusta von Preussen (1986)

Frederick (Fritz) Stormont von Preussen (1990)

Prince Andreas of Prussia ( 1947)

Tatiana von Preussen (1980)

Arthur Frederick Richard Womack von Preussen (2015)

Frederick Alexander von Preussen (1984)

Princess Victoria Marina of Prussia (1952)

George Jean Achache (1980)

Francis Maximilian Frederick Achache (1982)

Prince Rupert of Prussia (1955)

Brigid von Preussen (1983)

Astrid von Preussen (1985)

Princess Antonia of Prussia, The Duchess of Wellington (1955)

Arthur Wellesley, Earl of Mornington (1978)

Lady Mae Madeleine Wellesley (2010)

Arthur Darcy Wellesley, Viscount Wellesley (2010)

The Hon Alfred Wellesley (2014)

Lady Honor Wellesley (1979)

Walter Montagu (2005)

Nancy Jemima Montagu (2007)

Lady Mary Wellesley (1986)

Lady Charlotte Santo Domingo (1989)

Child 1 (2017)

Child 2 (2019)

Lord Frederick Wellesley (1992)

Kira Alexandrine Harris (1954)

Philip Louis Johnson (1985)

William John Engel (1983)

Dohna Maria Patterson (1954)

Princess Marie Louise Marina Franziska of Prussia (1945)

Countess Sophie Anastasia of Schönburg-Glauchau (1979)

Rudi Federico Nicolas Alacreu y Schönburg-Glauchau (2017)

Carlota Alacreu y Schönburg-Glauchau (2019)

Count Friedrich Wilhelm of Schönburg-Glauchau (1985)

Prince Adalbert Alexander Friedrich Joachim Christian (1948)

Prince Alexander of Prussia (1984)

Prince Christian of Prussia (1986)

Prince Philipp of Prussia (1986)

Princess Stephanie Viktoria-Luise of Prussia (1966)

Aaron Emanuel Bao (1994)

Shoshana Twahia Sophie Bao (1996)

Amir Joel Tumaini Bao (1998)

Seraphine Bao (2002)

Princess Viktoria-Benigna von Courland (1939)

Nikolaus Maximilian Ludwig Karl Ernst-Johann Maria, Baron von Twickel

Constantin Philipp Ludwig Friedrich von Twickel

Benedikta Elisabeth Ann Lucia von Twickel

Georg von Twickel  (unknown)

Kirryl von Twickel  (unknown)

Tassilo Heinrich Alexander, Baron von Twickel (unknown)

Antonius von Twickel (unknown)

Matilda Valentina Helga Benigna von Twickel (unknown)

Ernst-Johann, Prince Biron von Courland (1940)

Prince Michael Karl August Wilhelm Biron von Courland (1944)

Princess Veronika Biron von Courland (1970)

Prince Alexander Biron von Courland (1972)

Princess Stephanie Biron von Courland (1975)

Princess Donata-Viktoria of Prussia (1952)

Prince Wilhelm-Karl of Prussia  (1955)

Prince Oscar of Prussia (1959)

Prince Oskar of Prussia (1993)

Princess Wilhelmine of Prussia (1995)

Prince Albert  of Prussia (1998)

Prince Franz Wilhelm Victor Christoph Stephan of Prussia (1943)

Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia (1981)

Prince    Alexander Georgievich Romanov of Russia (2022)

Prince Franz Friedrich Christian of Prussia (1944).

Alexandra Maria Prinzessin von Preussen (1960)

Désirée Anastasia Prinzessin von Preussen (1961)

Princess Marie of Hanover, Countess von Hochberg (1952)

Count Conrad von Hochburg (1985)

Count Georg von Hochburg (1987)

Prince Ernst August of Hanover (1954)

Hereditary Prince Ernest-August of Hanover(1983)

Princess Elisabeth Tatiana Maximiliana Iacobella Faiza of Hanover (2018)

Prince Welf August Johannes Ferdinand Karl Wilhelm Anthony Julio Mario of Hanover (2019)

Princess  Eleanora Dina Daniela Alexandra of Hanover (2021)

Prince Christian Heinrich of Hanover (1985)

Prince Nicolas of Hanover (2020)

Princess Sofia of Hanover (2020)

Princess Alexandra Charlotte Ulrike Marym Virginia of Hanover (1999)

Prince Otto Heinrich of Hanover (1988)  

Princess Olga Sophie  of Hanover (1958)

Princess Alexandra Irene of Hanover, Princess of Leiningen (1959)

Ferdinand, Hereditary Prince of Leiningen (1982)***

Princess Olga of Leiningen (1984)

Prince Hermann of Leiningen (1987)

Prince Leopold Konstantin Rainer Andreas of Leiningen (2019)

Prince Heinrich of Hanover (1961)

Prince Albert Thilo Ludwig Arndt of Hanover (1999)

Princess Eugenia of Hanover (2001)

Prince Julius of Hanover (2006)

Princess Saskia of Hanover (1970)

Son 1

Son 2

Son 3

Prince Georg of Hanover (1949)

Princess Vera of Hanover (1976)

Daughter 1

Daughter 2

Princess Nora of Hanover (1979)

Son 1

Son 2

Princess Friederike of Hanover (1954)

Julia Emma Cyr (1982)

Jean-Paul Welf Cyr (1985)

Queen Sofia of Spain (1938)

Infanta Elena of Spain, The Duchess of Lugo (1963)

Don Felipe Juan Froilán de Marichalar y de Borbón (1998)

Doña Victoria Federica  de Marichalar y de Borbón (2000)

The Infanta Cristina of Spain (1965)

Don Juan Valentín  de Urdangarin  y de Borbón (1999)

Don Pablo Nicolás Sebastián  de Urdangarin  y de Borbón (2000)

Don Miguel de Urdangarin  y de Borbón (2002),

Doña Irene de Urdangarin  y de Borbón (2005)

King Felipe VI of Spain (1968)

Leonor, The Princess of Asturias (2005)

The Infanta Sofia of Spain (2007)

Princess Alexia of Greece & Denmark (1965)

Arrietta Morales y de Grecia (2002)

Ana María Morales y de Grecia (2003)

Carlos Morales y de Grecia (2005)

Amelia Morales y de Grecia (2007)

Crown Prince Pavlos of Greece, Prince of Denmark (1967)

Princess Maria-Olympia of Greece & Denmark (1996)

Prince Constantine-Alexios of Greece & Denmark(1998)

Prince Achileas-Andreas of Greece & Denmark (2000)

Prince Odysseus-Kimon of Greece & Denmark (2004)

Prince Aristidis-Stavros of Greece & Denmark(2008)

Prince Nikolaos of Greece & Denmark (1969)

Princess Theodora of Greece & Denmark (1983)

Prince Philippos of Grecce & Denmark (1986)

Princess Irene of Greece & Denmark (1942)

Princess Caroline-Luise Mireille Irene Sophie of Hanover (1965)

Princess Mireille Viktoria Luise of Hanover (1971)

Duchess Donata of Mecklenburg (1956)

Thyra von Solodkoff (1989)

Alix von Solodkoff (1992)

Niklot von Solodkoff (1994)

Duchess Edwina of Mecklenburg (1960)

Ludwig von Posern (1996)

Paul von Posern (1997)

Ferdinand von Posern (1999)

Crown Princess Margareta, Custodian of the Royal Crown of Romania (1949)

Princess Elena of Romania (1950)

Nicholas de Roumanie Medforth-Mills (1985)

Iris Anna Cîrjan (2016)

Maria Alexandra de Roumanie Medforth-Mills (2020)

Mihai de Roumanie Medforth-Mills (2022)

Elisabeta-Karina de Romanie Medforth-Mills (1989)

Princess Sofia of Romania (1957)

Elisabeta-Maria Biarneix (1999)

Princess Irina of Romania (1953)

Michael Torsten Kreuger de Roumanie (1984)

Kohen Kreuger de Roumanie (2012)

Angelia Margareta Kreuger de Roumanie (1986)

Courtney Bianca Kreuger de Roumanie Knight (2007)

Diana Knight  Kreuger de Roumanie (2011)

Princess Maria of Romania (1964)

Princess Bianca of Savoy-Aosta (1966)

Viola Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga (1991)

Vera Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga, Countess Martinoni Caleppio (1993)

Mafalda Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga (1997)

Maddalena Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga (2000)

Leonardo Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga (2001)

Prince Aimone of Savoy-Aosta, Duke of Aosta (1967)

Prince Umberto of Savoy-Aosta, Prince of Piedmont(2009)

Prince Amedeo Michele of Savoy-Aosta, The Duke of the Abruzzi (2011)

Princess Isabella Vita Marina of Savoy-Aosta (2012)

Princess Mafalda of Savoy-Aosta (1969)

Nob. Anna Lombardo di San Chirico (2002)

Nob. Carlo Lombardo di San Chirico (2003)

Nob. Elena Lombardo di San Chirico (2004)

Ginevra Maria Gabriella van Ellinkhuizen (2006)

Sophie Eila Brandram- Voelcker (1981)

Maximillian Walter Voelcker (2018)

Alexander Paul Voelcker (2019)

Nicholas George Brandram (1982)

Alexia Katherine Brandram-Hicks (1985)

Theodora Katherine Anne Hicks (2019)

Frederick "Freddie" William Paul Hicks (2021)

Princess Mafalda of Hesse (1965)

Tatiana Galdo (1992)

Polissena Galdo (1993)

Count Cosmo Brachetti Peretti (2000)

Count Briano Brachetti Peretti (2002)

Donatus, Prince and Landgrave of Hesse (1966)

Princess Paulina of Hesse (2007)

Hereditary Prince Moritz of Hesse (2007)

Prince August of Hesse (2012)

Princess Elena Elisabeth Madeleine of Hesse (1967)

Madeleine Immacolata Tatiana Theresa Caiazzo (1999)

Prince Philip Robin of Hesse (1970)

Princess  Elena Margherita Lotti Christiane Elisabeth of Hesse (2006)

Prince Tito of Hesse (2008)

Princess Mafalda of Hesse (2014)

Princess Maria Tatiana ("Tania") of Yugoslavia (1957)

Sonja  Thune-Larsen (1992)

Olga Thune-Larsen (1995)

Helen Sophia van Eyck (1963)

Sascha Alexandra Sophia Harman (1986)

Pascale Olivia Harman (1989)

Mark Nicholas van Eyck (1966)

Princess Dorothea Charlotte Karin of Hesse (1934-2002?)**

Princess Marina Margarita of Windisch-Grätz (1960)

Réka Dorothea Sita Jakabffy (1988)

Sophia Magdolna Jakabffy (1989)

Princess Clarissa Elisabeth Fiore of Windisch-Grätz (1966)

Michel Jean Henri de Waele (1986)

Raphaël de Waele (2013)

Lucy de Waele (2015)

Mathieu Paul Philippe de Waele (1988)

Lizzie de Waele (2020)

Rubi Jade de Waele (1994)

Prince Karl Adolf Andreas of Hesse (1937)

Prince Christoph  of Hesse (1969)

Princess Irina of Hesse (1971)

Valentin Polycarp von Schönburg-Glauchau  (2005)

Prince Rainer Christoph Friedrich of Hesse (1939)

Princess Clarissa Alice of Hesse (1944)

Johanna von Hesse (1980)

The Prince Albert Edward, AKA Edward VII (1841-1910)

David Albert Charles Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon (1961)

Charles Patrick Inigo Armstrong-Jones, Viscount Linley (1999)

Lady Margarita Elizabeth Rose Alleyne Armstrong-Jones (2002)

The Lady Sarah Frances Elizabeth Chatto (1964)

Samuel David Benedict Chatto (1996)

Arthur Robert Nathaniel Chatto (1999)

David Henry George Lascelles , The 8th Earl of Harewood (1950)

Lady Emily Tsering Shard (1975)

Issac Shand (2009)

Ida Shand (2009)

Otis Shand (2011)

The Hon. Benjamin George Lascelles (1978)

Mateo Lacelles (2013)

Alexander Edgar Lascelles, Viscount Lascelles (1980)

Leo Cyrus Anthony Lascelles (2008)

The Honv Ivy Lascelles (2018)

The Hon. Kit Lascelles (2023)

The Hon. Edward David Lascelles (1982)

Sebastian Lascelles (2020)

The Honourable James Lascelles (1953)

Sophie Amber Lascelles- Pearce (1973)

Lilianda Pearce (2010)

Tanit Lascelles (1981)

Tewa Ziyane Robert George Lascelles (1985)

Fran Lascelles (2014)

Jeremy Lacelles (1955)

Thomas Robert Lascelles (1982)

Cleo Lascelles (2017)

Celeste Lascelles (2020)

Ellen Mary Lascelles (1984)

Jack Marley Hermans (2016)

Penny Moon Hermans (2018)

Amy Rose Lascelles (1986)

Marlow Fox Bolton (2020)  

Tallulah Grace Lascelles (2005)

The Hon. Mark Hubert Lascelles (1964)

Charlotte Patricia Lascelles (1996)

Imogen Mary Lascelles (1998)

Miranda Rose Lascelles (2000)

Henry Ulick Lascelles (1953)

Maximilian John Gerald Lascelles (1991)

Martin David Lascelles (1962)

Georgina Elizabeth Douet-Lascelles (1988)

Alexander Joshua Lascelles (2002)

Prince Richard Alexander Walter George, The Duke of Gloucester (1944)

Alexander Patrick Gregers Richard Windsor, The Earl of Ulster (1974)  

Xan Richard Anders Windsor, Lord Culloden (2007)

Lady Cosima Rose Alexandra Windsor (2010)

Lady Davina Elizabeth Alice Benedikte Windsor (1977)

Senna Kowhai Lewis (2010)

Tane Mahuta Lewis (2012)

Lady Rose Gilman (1980)

Lyla Beatrix Christabel Gilman (2010)

Rufus Gilman (2012)

Prince Edward George Nicholas Paul Patrick, The Duke of Kent (1935)

George Windsor, The Earl of St. Andrews (1962)

Edward, Lord Downpatrick (1988)

Lady Marina-Charlotte Windsor (1992)

Lady Amelia Windsor (1995)

Lady Helen Marina Lucy Taylor (1964)

Columbus George Donald Taylor (1994)

Cassius Edward Taylor (1996)

Eloise Olivia Katherine Taylor (2003)

Estella Olga Elizabeth Taylor (2004)

Lord Nicholas Charles Edward Jonathan Windsor (1970)

Albert Louis Philip Edward Windsor (2007)

Leopold Ernest Augustus Guelph Windsor (2009)

Louis Arthur Nicholas Felix Windsor (2014)

Princess Alexandra Helen Elizabeth Olga Christabel of Kent, The Hon. Lady Ogilvy (1936)

James Robert Bruce Ogilvy (1964)

Flora Alexandra Ogilvy-  Vesterberg    (1994)

Alexander Charles Ogilvy (1996)

Marina Victoria Alexandra Ogilvy (1966)

Zenouska May Mowatt (1990)

Christian Alexander Mowatt (1993)

Prince Michael George Charles Franklin of Kent (1942)

Lord Frederick  Michael George David Louis Windsor (1979)

Maud Elizabeth Daphne Marina Windsor (2013)

Isabella Alexandra May Windsor (2016)

Lady Gabriella  Marina Alexandra Ophelia Kingston (1981)

The Lady Alexandra Clare Carnegie (1959)

Amelia Mary Etherington (2001)

David Carnegie, 4th Duke of Fife (1961)

Charles Duff Carnegie, Earl of Southesk (1989)

The Lady Chloe Carnegie (2022)

Lord George William Carnegie (1991)

Lord Hugh Alexander Carnegie (1993)

Haakon Lorentzen (1954)

Olav Alexander Lorentzen (1985)

NN Lorentzen (2023)

Christian Frederik Lorentzen (1988)

NN Lorentzen (2022/23)

Sophia  Lorentzen (1994)

Ingeborg Lorentzen (1957)

Victoria Ragna Lorentzen Ribeiro (1988)

Frederik Sven Lorentzen Falcão (2016)

Alice Lorentzen Falcão (2022)

Ragnhild Alexandra Lorentzen (1968)

Alexandra Joyce Lorentzen Long (2007)

Elizabeth Patricia Lorentzen Long (2011)

Princess Astrid Maud Ingeborg, Mrs. Ferner (1932)**

Cathrine Ferner-Johansen (1962)

Sebastien Ferner Johansen (1990)

Nicoline Johansen (2019)

Ferdinand Johansen (2021)

Madeleine Ferner Johansen (1993)

Benedikte  Ferner- Stange (1963)

Alexander Ferner (1965)

Edward Ferner (1996)

Stella Ferner (1998)

Elizabeth Ferner- Beckmann (1969)

Benjamin Ferner Beckmann (1999)

Carl-Christian Ferner (1972)

Fay Ferner (2018)

Fam Ferner (2021)

King Harald V of Norway (1937)

Princess Märtha Louise of Norway (1971)

Maud Angelica Behn (2003)

Leah Isadora Behn (2005)

Emma  Tallulah Behn (2008)

Crown Prince Haakon of Norway (1973)

Princess Ingird Alexandra of Norway (2004)

Prince Sverre Magnus of Norway (2005)

The Princess Alice Maud Mary, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine (1843-1878)

Princess Cécile Marita Dorothea of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1967)

Philipp Gottfried Alexander, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1970)

Max Leopold Ernst Kraft Peter, Hereditary Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (2005)

Prince Gustav Philipp Friedrich Alexander of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (2007)

Princess Marita Saskia Friedelinde Charlotte of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (2010)

Princess Xenia Margarita Anne of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1972)

Ferdinand Gabriele Kraft Soltmann (2005)

Louisa Marei Charlotte Soltmann (2008)

Prince Georg Andreas Heinrich of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1938)

Princess  Katharina Clementine Beatrix of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1972)

Princess Laetitia Antoinette Julia Tatjana Felicitas of Waldeck and Pyrmont (2003)

Princess Alexia Natalie Luise Tatjana Maresa of Waldeck and Pyrmont (2006)

Princess Tatianja Luise of Hohenlohe-Langburg (1975)

Carl Stephan (2012)

Wolf Stephan  (2013)

Prince Ludwig of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1976)

Prince Nikola of Yugoslavia (1958)

Princess Marija of Yugoslavia (1993)

Prince George of Yugoslavia (1984)

Prince Michael of Yugoslavia (1985)

Princess Natalija of Yugoslavia (2018)

Princess Isidora of Yugoslavia (2022)

Princess Katarina of Yugoslavia (1959)

Victoria Marie Esmé Margarita de Silva (1991)

Princess Marie Louise of Baden (1969)

Sophia Baker (2001)

Prince Bernhard, Margrave of Baden (1970)

Prince Leopold Bernhard of Baden (2002)

Prince Friedrich Bernhard of Baden (2004)

Prince Karl-Wilhelm Bernhard of Baden (2006)

Prince Leopold Max Christian Ludwig Clemens Hubert of Baden (1971)

Prince Michael Max Andreas of Baden (1976)

Prince Ludwig Wilhelm Georg Ernst Christoph of Baden (1937)

Princess Sophie Thyra Josephine Georgine Henriette of Baden (1975)

Prince Berthold Ernst-August Emich Rainer of Baden (1976)

Princess Hilda of Baden (2021)

Princess Aglaë Margarete Tatiana Mary of Baden (1981)

Princess Sophie, Princess of Greece & Denmark, Princess of Hesse, Princess of Hanover  (1914-2001)*

King Charles III of the United Kingdom (1947)

The Prince William Arthur Philip Louis, The Prince of Wales, The Duke of Cambridge (1981)

Prince George Alexander Louis of Wales (2013)

Princess Charlotte Elizabeth Diana of Wales (2015)

Prince Louis Arthur Charles of Wales (2018)

The Prince Henry Albert David, The Duke of Sussex (1984)

Prince Archie Harrison of Sussex (2019)

Princess Lilibet Diana of Sussex (2021)

The Princess Anne, The Princess Royal (1950)

Peter Mark Andrew Philips (1977)

Savannah Anne Kathleen Philips (2010)

Isla Elizabeth Philips (2012)

Zara Anne Elizabeth Philips-Tindall (1981)

Mia Grace Tindall (2014)

Lena Elizabeth Tindall (2018)

Lucas Philip Tindall (2021)

The Prince Andrew, The Duke of York (1960)

Princess Beatrice Elizabeth Mary, Countessa Mapelli-Mozzi (1988)’

Nob. Donna Sienna Maplli-Mozzi (2021)

Princess Eugenie Victoria Helena, Mrs. Jack Brooksbank (1990)

August Philip Hawke Brooksbank (2021)

Ernst George Ronnie Brooksbank (2023)

The Prince Edward, The Duke of Edinburgh (1964)

The Lady Louise Alice Elizabeth Mary Mountbatten-Windsor (2004)

James Alexander Philip Theo Mountbatten-Windsor, The Earl of Wessex (2007)

George Ivar Louis Mountbatten, 4th Marquess of Milford Haven (1961)

Lady Tatiana Helen Georgia Mountbatten (1990)

Henry (Harry) David Louis Mountbatten, Earl of Medina (1991)

Lord Ivar Alexander Michael Mountbatten  (1963)

Ella Louise Georgina Mountbatten (1996Alexandra Alix Nada Victoria Mountbatten (1998)

Louise Luli Xenia Rose Mountbatten (2002)

Norton Louis Philip Knatchbull, 3rd Earl Mountbatten of Burma (1947)

Nicholas Louis Charles Norton Knatchbull, Lord Brabourne (1981)

Lady Alexandra Victoria Edwina Diana Knatchbull-Hooper (1982)

Inigo Norton Sebastian Mountbatten Hooper (2017)

Alden Peter Theodore Mountbatten Hooper  (2020)

The Hon. Michael-John Ulick Knatchbull (1950)

Kelly Louise Doreen Knatchbull (1988)

Savannah Knatchbull (2001)

Lady Joanna Edwina Doreen Knatchbull (1955)

Eleuthera Roselyne Patricia Pernot du Breuil (1986)

Alexander Azriel John David Zuckerman (2002)

Lady Amanda Patricia Victoria Ellingworth (1957)

Luke Ellingworth (1991)Joseph Ellingworth (1992)

Louis Ellingworth (1995)

The Hon. Philip Wyndham Ashley Knatchbull (1961)

Daisy Isadora Louise Knatchbull (1992)

Frederick Michael Hubert Knatchbull (2003)

John Robin Rocky Knatchbull ( 2004)

The Hon. Timothy Nicholas Sean Knatchbull (1964)

Amber Diana Patricia Knatchbull (2000)

Milo Columbus John Knatchbull (2001)

Ludovic David Nicholas Knatchbull (2003)

Isla Selina Edwina Knatchbull (2005)

Wilhelmina "Willa" Victoria Agatha Knatchbull (2008)

Lady Pamela Carmen Louise Hicks (1929)**

Edwina Victoria Louise Hicks (1961)

Maddison May Brudenell (1994)

Daphne Modupe-Ojo (2016)

Phebe Modupe-Ojo (2018)

Jordon Anne Brudenell (1995)

Rowan Michael David Brudenell (2001)

Ashley Louis David Hicks (1963)

Angelica Margherita Edwina Hicks (1992)

Ambrosia Maria Elizabeth Hicks (1997)

Caspian Donald Hicks (2018)

Horatio Valentine Hicks (2019)

India Amanda Caroline Hicks (1967)

Felix Austen Flint Wood (1997)

Amory John Flint Wood (1999)

Conrad Lorenzo Flint Wood (2003)

Domino Carmen Flint Wood (2007)

The Prince Alfred, The Duke of Edinburgh, The Duke of Saxe-Coburg und Gotha (1844-1900)

Paul-Philippe Hohenzollern (1948)

Carol Ferdinand  Hohenzollern (2010)

Ion George Nicholas Alexander Lambrino Hohenzollern (1961)

Princess Melita Elisabeth Bathildis Helene Margarita of Leiningen (1951)

Prince  Karl Emich Nikolaus Friedrich Hermann of Leiningen (1952)

Princess Cécilia of Leiningen (1988)

Princess Theresa Anna Elisabeth of Leiningen (1992)

Prince Emich of Leiningen (2010)

Andreas, Prince of Leiningen (1955)*

Princess Stephanie Margarita of Leiningen (1958)

Prince Karl Boris Frank Markwart of Leiningen (1960)

Prince Nicholas of Leiningen (1991)

Prince Karl of Leiningen (2001)

Princess Julianna of Leiningen (2003)

Prince Hermann Friedrich Roland Fernando of Leiningen (1963)

Princess Tatiana  of Leiningen (1989)

Master August RenyoldsLeiningen (2021)

Princess Nadia of Leiningen (1991)

Master Thomas Baker Leiningen (2021)

Princess Alexandra of Leiningen (1997)

Princess Lavinia Marie of Yugoslavia (1961)

Nadya Marie Sidiropoulos  (1987)

Andrej Aristotle Sidiropoulos (1990)

Luca Orlando Christopher Prichard-Levy (2000)

Prince Karl Vladimir Cyril Andrej of Yugoslavia (1964)

Prince Dimitri Ivan Mihailo of Yugoslavia (1965)

Prince Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Joseph Maria Manuel Georg Meinrad Fidelis Benedikt Michael Hubert of Hohenzollern (1952)

Prince Alexander Friedrich Antonius Johannes of Hohenzollern (1987)

Princess Philippa Marie Carolina Isabelle of Hohenzollern (1988)

Princess Flaminia Pia Eilika Stephanie of Hohenzollern, Baroness von Stipsicz de Ternova (1992)

Princess Antonia Elisabeth Georgina Tatiana of Hohenzollern (1995)

Prince Albrecht Johannes Hermann Meinrad Hubertus Michael Stephan of Hohenzollern (1954)

Princess Josephine Marie Isabelle Sophia Margarete of Hohenzollern (2002)

Princess Eugenia Bernadette Maria Theresia Esperanza of Hohenzollern (2005)

Prince Ferdinand of Hohenzollern (1959)

Prince Aloys Maria Friedrich Karl of Hohenzollern (1999)

Prince Fidelis Maria Anton Alexis Hans of Hohenzollern (2001)

Princess Victoria Margaritta Sielinde Johanna Isabella Maria of Hohenzollern (2004)

Princess Mechtilde Alexandra of Leiningen (1936)

Ulf-Karl Bauscher (1963)

Franka Silke Stephanie Bauscher (1996)

Erik Johann Berthold Bauscher (1998)

Lorenz Bauscher (2002)

Berthold Alexander Eric Bauscher (1965)

Johann Karl Joachim Fritz Markwart Bauscher (1971)

Donna Gerarda de Orléans-Borbón y Parodi-Delfino (1939)

Carla d'Orléans-Borbón Saint- de Haro y Fernández de Córdoba (1967)

Nicolás de Haro y Saint (2001)

Sofia de Haro y Saint  2004)Mateo de Haro y Saint (2007)

Marc d'Orléans-Borbón Saint (1969)

Christopher Saint-Campogna (1990)

Don Alfonso de Orleans-Borbón y Ferrara-Pignatelli, Duke of Galliera (1968)

Don Alonso Juan de Orleans-Borbón y Goeders (1994)

Don Alvaro de Orléans-Borbón y Ferrara-Pignatelli (1969)

Don Aiden de Orléans-Borbón y Acosta (2009)

Doña Amelia de Orléans-Borbón y Acosta (2017)

Donna Beatriz de Orléans-Borbón y Parodi-Delfino (1943)

Gerardo Alfonso dei Conti Farini (1967)

Luisa FariniAlessandra FariniElena Gioia dei Conti Farini (1969)

Claudia de Haro y Farini (2000)

Tomás de Haro y Farini (2003)

Elena Gioia dei Conti Farini (1969)

Claudia de Haro y Farini ( 2000)

Tomás de Haro y Farini (2003)

Don Alvaro-Jaime de Orléans-Borbón y Parodi-Delfino (1947)

Pilar de Orléans-Borbón y San Martino d'Agliè (1975)

Felix Henderson-Stewart (2007)

Louis Henderson-Stewart (2008)

Daria Henderson-Stewart (2009)

Xenia Henderson-Stewart (2011)

James Henderson-Stewart (2012)

Pedro Henderson-Stewart (2014)

Andrés de Orléans-Borbón y San Martino d'Agliè (1976)

Ines de Orleáns-Borbón y van Exter (2010)

Eugenia de Orleáns-Borbón y van Exter (2011)

Alois de Orléans-Borbón y San Martino d'Agliè (1979)

Alonso de Orléans y Solís (2010)Donna Eulalia de Orléans-Borbón y Rendina (2006)

The Princess Helena Augusta Victoria, Princess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (1846-1923)

Princess Margaretha Désirée Victoria, Mrs. Ambler (1934)**

Baroness Sibylla Louise von Dincklage (1965)

Freiin Madeleine Charlotte Margarethe von Dincklage (1999)

Sebastian Eric Henning Freiherr von Dincklage (2000)

Charles Edward Ambler (1966)

Sienna Rose Ambler (2000)

India Tani Ambler (2003)

James Patrick Ambler (1969)

Lily Elektra Ambler(2003)

Oscar Rufus Ambler (2004)

Princess Birgitta Ingeborg Alice of Sweden, Princess of Hohenzollern (1937)

Prince Carl Christian of Hohenzollern (1962)

Prince Nicolas Johann Georg Maria of Hohenzollern (1999)

Princess Désirée of Hohenzollern (1963)

Hereditary Count Carl-Theodor Georg Philipp Maria of Ortenburg (1992)

Count Frederik Hubertus Ferdinand Maria of Ortenburg (1995)

Countess Carolina Maria Franziska Christina Stephanie of Ortenburg(1997)

Prince Hubertus of Hohenzollern (1966)

Princess Désirée Elisabeth Sibylla,  Baroness Silfverschiöld (1938)

Baron Carl Otto Edmund Silfverschiöld (1965)

Anna Margareta Sybilla Désirée Silfverschiold (2006)

Baroness Kristina-Louise Silfverschiold (1966)

Estelle Louise Désirée Gerard, Friherinna de Greer af Finspäng(2000)

Ian Carl Gerard, Friherre de Greer af Finspäng (2002)

Fred Louis Gerard, Friherre de Greer af Finspäng (2004)

Baroness Hélène Ingeborg Sibylla Silfverschiold, Baroness Silfverschiold (1968)

Princess Christina Louise Helena, Mrs. Magnuson (1943)

Carl Gustaf Victor Magnusson (1975)

Désirée Elfrida Christina Magnuson (2014)

Tord Oscar Fredrik Magnusson (1977)

Albert Magnusson (unknown year)

Henri Magnusson (unknown year)

Victor Edmund Lennart Magnusson (1980)

Edmund Magnuson (2012)

Sigvard Magnuson (2015)

King Carl XVI Gustaf  Folke Hubertus of Sweden (1946)

Crown Princess Victoria Ingrid Alice Désirée of Sweden, The Duchess of  Västergötland (1977)

Princess Estelle Silvia Ewa Mary of Sweden,The Duchess of Östergötland (2012)

Prince Oscar Carl Olof of Sweden, The Duke of Skåne (2016)

Prince Carl Philip Edmund Bertil of Sweden, The Duke of Värmland (1979)

Prince Alexander Erik Hubertus Bertil, The Duke of Södermanland (2016)

Prince Gabriel Carl Walther, The Duke of Dalarna (2017)

Prince Julian Herbert Folke, The Duke of Halland (2021)

Princess Madeline of Sweden, The Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland (1982)

Princess Leonore Lilian Maria, The Duchess of Gotland (2014)

Prince Nicolas Paul Gustaf ,The Duke of Angermanland (2015)

Princess Adrienne Josephine Alice, The Duchess of Blekinge (2018)

Michael  Alexander Sigvard Bernadotte  (1944)

Kajsa Michaele Sophia Bernadotte, Countess af Wisborg (1980)

Sophia (year unknown)

Queen Margrethe II Alexandrine Þórhildur Ingrid of Denmark (1940)

Crown Prince Frederik André Henrik Christian of Denmark (1968)

Prince Christian Valdemar Henri John of Denmark (2005)

Princess Isabella Henrietta Ingrid Margrethe of Denmark (2007)

Prince Vincent Frederik Minik Alexander of Denmark (2011)

Princess Josephine Sophia Ivalo Mathilda of Denmark (2011)

Prince Joachim Holger Waldemar Christian of Denmark (1969)

Count Nikolai William Alexander Fredrick af Monzepat (1999)

Count Felix Henrik Valdemar Christian af Monzepat (2002)

Count Henrik Carl Jochim Alin af Monzepat (2009)

Countess Athena Marguerite Françoise Marie af Monzepat   (2012)

Princess Benedikte Astird Ingeborg Ingrid of Denmark, Princess of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (1944)

Gustav, 7th Prince of Sayn-Wittengenstein-Berleburg (1969)

Princess Alexandra of Sayn-Wittengenstein-Berleburg, Countess Ahlefeldt-Laurvig-Bille (1970)

Count Fredrich von Pfeil und Klein-Ellguth (1999)

Countess Ingrid Alexandra von Pfeil und Klein-Ellguth (2003)

Princess Nathalie of Sayn-Wittengenstein-Berleburg (1975)

Master Konstantin Gustav Heinrich Richard Johannsmann (2010)

Miss Louisa Margareta Benedikte Hanna Johannsmann (2015)

Queen Anne-Marie of Greece (1946)

Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark (1965)

Miss Arrietta Morales y de Grecia (2002)

Miss Ana María Morales y de Grecia (2003)

Mr. Carlos Morales y de Grecia (2005)

Amelia Morales y de Grecia (2007)

Crown Prince Pavlos of Greece & Denmark (1968)

Princess Maria Olympia of Greece & Denmark (1996)

Prince Constantine-Alexios of Greece & Denmark(1998)

Prince Achileas-Andreas of Greece & Denmark(2000)

Prince Odysseus-Kimon of Greece & Denmark(2004)

Prince Aristidis-Stavros of Greece & Denmark (2008)

Prince Nikolas of Greece & Denmark (1969)

Prince Theodora of Greece & Denmark (1983)

Prince Philippos of Greece & Denmark (1986)

Katharine Ingrid Mary Isabel Fraser, Mistress of Saltoun (1957)

Louise Alexandra Patricia Nicolson (1984)

Rory Thomas Malise Morshead (2015)

Frederick Charles Merlin Morshead (2018)

Juliet Victoria Katharine Nicolson (1988)

Albert Alexander Gordon Rood (2018)

Alexander William Malise Fraser (1990)

The Hon. Alice Elizabeth Margaret Ramsay (1961)

Alexander David Ramsey (1991)Victoria Alice Ramsey (1994)

George Arthur Oliver Henry Ramsey (1995)

Oliver Henry Ramsey (1995)

Hon. Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Ramsay of Mar (1963)

The Princess Louise Caroline Alberta, The Duchess of Argyll (184-1939)

The Prince Arthur William Patrick Albert, The Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (1850-1942)

The Prince Leopold George Duncan Albert, Duke of Albany (1853-1844)

Anne Mary Sibylla Abel Smith (1932)**

Ian Richard Peregrine Liddell-Grainger of Ayton (1959)

Peter Richard Liddell-Grainger (1987)

Sophie Victoria Liddell-Grainger (1988)

May Alexandra Liddell-Grainger (1992)

Charles Montagu Liddell-Grainger (1960)

Simon Rupert Liddell-Grainger (1962)

Alice Mary Liddell-Grainger (1965)

Danilo Pietro Panaggio (1996)

Jessica Alice Panaggio (1998)

Malcom Henry Liddell-Grainger (1967)

Cameron Henry Liddell-Grainger (1997)

Katherine Emma Abel-Smith (1961)

Amelia May Beaumont Murray (1983)

Matilda Alice Murray (2012)

Archibald Peregrine Murray(2012)

George Wentworth Beaumont (1985)

Richard Christian Beaumont (1989)

Michael Patrick Beaumont (1991)

Elizabeth Alice Abel Smith (1936)**

Princess Caroline Mathilde Adelheid Sibylla Marianne Erika von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1933)

Margarethe-Brigitte Nielsen (1954)

Grandchild 1

Grandchild 2

Renate Christine Nielsen (1957)

Prince Hubertus von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1961)

Prince Sebastian Hubertus of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1994)

Princess Victoria Feodora Monika of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1963)

Prince Falk of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1990)

Princess Sophie of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (2000)

Prince Carl-Eduard Wilhelm Josias of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1966)

Princess Emilia Lucia Josefina of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1999)

Princess Johanna Carlotta Sophia of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (2004)

Prince Friedrich Ferdinand-Christian Georg Ernst Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1968)

Prince Nicolaus of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1987)

Princess Alice-Sybilla Calma Beatrice of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1974)

Matthias Reiser (1999)

Carolin Monika Maria Reiser (2000)

Prince Peter Albert Friedrich Josias von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1939)

Prince Peter von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1964)

Prince Malte von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1990)

Prince Malte Georg von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1966)

Count Bertram Friedrich zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1932)**

Count Dominik zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1965)

Count Michael zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1967)

Countess Anne-Charlotte Catharina Victoria zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1962)

Henrik Michael Frederik zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1982)

Patrick Martin Conradin Rappu (1987)

Richard Valdemar Rappu (1989)

Fredrik Carl Anton Rappu (1990)

Count Carl-Eduard Friedrich Hubertus zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1964)

Countess Sarah zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1999)

Count Markus zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (2004)

Countess Viktoria Adelheid of Castell-Rüdenhausen (1935)**

Alice Louise Esther Margot Huntington-Whiteley (1961)

Henry Alexander Sewell (1988)

Benjamin Leopold Sewell (1990)

Beatrice Helena Victoria Irene Huntington-Whiteley (1962)

Frederick Francis Thomas Augustus Grant (1999)

Ludovic William Hubertus Miles Grant (2002)

Count Hesso Fridrich zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1940)

Calma Barbara Schnirring (1938)

Sascha Nikolaus Herbertus Berger (1960)

Tristan Lee Berger (1984)

Nicole Calma Berger (1984)

Richard Darrell Berger (1962)

Richard Jonathan Ross Wheeler Berger (1985)

Rachel Kathryn Faye Berger (2000)

Riley Emily Erin Berger (2001)

Victor Dean Berger (1963)

Mary Katherine Berger Jacobs (1985)

Samuel Clinton Berger (1965)

Wesley Berger (1967)

Maximilian Elias Berger (2001)

David Charles Berger (1968)

Dagmar Schnirring (1940)

Maria-Valeska Walz (1965)

Amilia Sofia Evangellatos (2002)

Andreas Michael Friedrich Hans Armin Siegfried Hubertus , Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Saxony (1943)

Princess Stephanie Sibylla of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1972)

Hubertus Michael, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Saxony (1975)

Princess Katharina Victoria Elizabeth Cheryl of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (2014)

Prince Philipp Hubertus Andreas Christian of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (2015)

Princess Madeleine Aurelia Viktoria Carin of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (2017)

Prince Alexander Philip of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1977)

Maria Christine Sibylla Schäfer (1972)

Gian Martin Martens (2001)

Aimée Martens (2003)

Louis Martens (2006)

Gianetta Antonia Schäfer (1975)

Princess Beatrice Charlotte von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1951)

Princess  Marie Alexandra von Sachsen-Meiningen (1978)

Prince Constantin von Sachsen-Meiningen (1980)

Prince Simon von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1985)

Prince Daniel von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1988)

The Princess Beatrice Mary Victoria Feodore , Princess  of Battenberg (1857-1944)

Robin Alexander Bryan  (1957)

Faith Bryan (1979)

Edward Curtis Houle (1979)

Elijah Alexander Bryan (1995)

Don Luis Alfonso Gonzalo Víctor Manuel de Borbón y Martínez-Bordiú (1974)

Princess Eugénie de Bourbon (2007)

Prince Louis de Bourbon, Duke of Burgundy (2010)

Prince Alfonso de Bourbon, Duke of Berry (2010)

Prince Henri de Bourbon, Duke of Touraine (2019)

Stephanie Michelle de Borbón (1968)

Nicholas Stefano Alessandro de Borbon McMasters (1994)

Christian Alfonso de Borbon McMasters (1995)

Jaime Sebastian McMasters de Borbon (1996)

Richard Carl McMasters III (1998)

Alexander Leandro Joaquin Gonzalo McMasters de Borbon (2004)

[lego-man-speer]

Who Were The People Calling for Rudolf Hess's Release from Spandau Prison?

Having been found guilty of charges one and two of the indictment at the Nuremberg Trials, Rudolf Hess was sentenced to imprisonment for life. As we all know, Hess was doomed to die in prison, and had succumb to death on his own terms by committing suicide at the age of 93 on the 17th of August 1987. You may think that the idea of freeing Hess wasn't a particularly popular one, and that those who were in favour of it were most certainly Neo-Nazis. Well, this wasn't completely the case. In fact, many supporters of freedom were anti-nazi, and believed in freeing him on grounds of compassion. This post will explore support for Rudolf Hess's release through the years until his death.

In order for Hess to be released from prison, all four allied nations (UK, US, France and USSR) had to agree. The Soviets were the only nation opposed to freeing Hess.

The British government had supported the release of Rudolf Hess as early as 1956. In total, the UK made 11 unilateral attempts (along with 9 more from the French and US governments) to have Hess released from prison, however, the Soviets refused to budge in their belief that Hess should die in prison.

Pleas for his release on humanitarian grounds were made by UK politicians from the Conservative and Labour Parties. An appeal was also drafted in the name of Margaret Thatcher. The following read:

“There is to my mind no justification for keeping Hess in prison any longer. He is 88. He has been in prison for 40 years. He has been without the company of other prisoners for over 16 years. Humanitarian reasons demand that no one should be treated this way.”

Debates were also made in the House of Lords regarding the imprisonment of Rudolf Hess. A quote from Hansard on the 9th of February 1967 from Lord Robertson of Oak-Ridge said:

“Twenty one years have passed and all the others have gone. They have died or have been released on completion of their sentences. He alone remains, feebleminded, useless, dangerous to nobody. He is kept there still. It is pointless; it is inhumane.”

Support for his release even grew in the German government. In 1986, former German Chancellor, Helmut Kohl, addressed and sent letters to Ronald Reagan, Francois Mitterand, Margaret Thatcher and Mikhail Gorbachev (the respective leaders of the allied nations) , in which he wrote:

“I urgently appeal to you to mercifully release the prisoner into the bosom of his family. I believe that a pardon for Rudolf Hess is a dictate of humanity.”

His lawyer, Dr. Alfred Seidl was making appeals for his release as early as 1947, but these were always vetoed.

Outside of government, support for Hess's release was growing, and that was in the form of the Freedom for Rudolf Hess movement, a campaign that had begun in 1967 (not long after the release of Albert Speer and Baldur von Schirach) by Hess's son, Wolf Rüdiger. He started a petition calling for the release of his father. It had started at 700 signatures, but by 1974 had reached 350,000. In the book The Loneliest Man in the World, Eugene Bird claims to Hess that including those that signed this petition were lawyers, judges and even Nobel Prize Winners. He also tells Hess that there had been a movement set up in the US Congress to have him freed.

A little side note to this: Karl Dönitz had in fact attended one of the Freedom for Rudolf Hess meetings. As shown here. These images were taken in 1975. Hess's son, Wolf, is in picture number 2 (Taken from an old blog @/eternalvonschirach).

These calls to have Hess released would however fall on deaf ears. The Soviets insisted on him dying in prison. Their justification was that Hess was still an unrepentant Nazi, a man who still believed in his innocence. They were still unforgiving for the flight to Britain, in which they were firm in their belief that Hess wanted peace with Britain so Germany would not have to face a two front war.

And so Hess would die alone in prison, as the 'loneliest man in the world'.

[daimonclub]

100 magnificent quotes

100 Magnificent quotes 100 magnificent quotes, great aphorisms, ideas, maxims and quotations by various famous authors selected for the World of English by Carl William Brown, the literary avenger. Oh, love isn't there to make us happy. I believe it exists to show us how much we can endure. Hermann Hesse Madness is something rare in individuals - but in groups, parties, peoples, and ages, it is the rule. Friedrich Nietzsche Human behavior flows from three main sources: desire, emotion, and knowledge. Plato The mirror is my best friend because when I cry it never laughs. Charlie Chaplin Aphorisms are the true form of the Universal Philosophy and containe the greatest quantity of thought in the smallest space. Friedrich von Schlegel Educate the children and it won’t be necessary to punish the men. Pythagoras If knowledge can create problems, it is not through ignorance that we can solve them. Isaac Asimov Without goals, the very concept of intelligence is meaningless. Steven Pinker I suppose that in no educational institution can one become an educated person. Mikhail Bulgakov No one's fate is of any interest to you except your own. Mikhail Bulgakov Respond intelligently even to unintelligent treatment. Sun Tzu The reason I talk to myself is because I’m the only one whose answers I accept. George Carlin A fool contributes nothing worth hearing and takes offence at everything. Aristotle By now humanity has become so imbecile that we often tend to mortify intelligence, in order not to offend stupidity. Carl William Brown Show respect to people who don't even deserve it; not as a reflection of their character, but as a reflection of yours. Dave Willis Life is nothing but a competition to be the criminal rather than the victim. Bertrand Russell It is far better to be silent than merely to increase the number of bad books. Voltaire The more real you get, the more unreal the world gets. John Lennon The more intelligence you have, the more you will suffer. Arthur Schopenhauer

Voltaire quote Discipline is choosing between what you want now and what you want most. Abraham Lincoln The hardest thing to learn in life is which bridge to cross and which to burn. Bertrand Russell Love on one side is not enough, love is a dialogue, not a monologue. Oriana Fallaci Interacting with people that don't like you it's a fundamental process to study human stupidity. Carl William Brown The measure of a man is what he does with power. Plato No matter how you feel, get up, dress up, show up, and never give up. Regina Brett The secret of change is to focus all of your energy, not on fighting the old, but on building the new. Socrates Fashions have done more harm than revolutions. Victor Hugo A man who fears suffering is already suffering from what he fears. Montaigne From each according to their abilities, to each according to their needs. Karl Marx There is nothing in the world so much admired as a man who knows how to bear unhappiness with courage. Seneca The saddest aspect of life right now is that science gathers knowledge faster than society gathers wisdom. Isaac Asimov A man's manners are a mirror in which he shows his portrait. Goethe I was ashamed of myself when I realized life was a costume party and I attended with my real face. Franz Kafka Without love living is easy; but it's meaningless. Leo Tolstoy Nobody is going to pour truth into your brain. It's something you have to find out for yourself. Noam Chomsky Emancipate yourselves from mental slavery, none but ourselves can free our minds! Bob Marley Knowledge which is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind. Plato Those who look for the bad in people will surely find it. Lincoln It is not the man who has too little, but ht eman who craves more, that is poor. Seneca

Nietzsche quote You can’t get much done in life if you only work on days when you feel good. Jerry West The more I learn about people, the more I like my dog. Mark Twain In our society logics is intertwingled with nonsense, good things with evils ones, and most of the time you can't tell which is which, therefore there is nothing more truly realistic than stupidity. Carl William Brown Avoid doing what you would blame others for doing. Thales To destroy war, destroy patriotism. Leo Tolstoy I don’t trust anyone who’s nice to me, but rude to a waiter because they would treat me the same if I were in that position. Muhammad Ali Learn the rules like a pro, so you can break them like an artist. Pablo Picasso A gem cannot be polished without friction, nor a man perfected without trials. Seneca Nobody realizes that some people expend tremendous energy merely to be normal. Alber Camus Non serve a niente essere vivi, se bisogna lavorare. André Breton All cruelty spring from weakness. Seneca Be careful what you tolerate, you are teaching people how to treat you. Dr. Phil McGraw Better to die fighting for freedom then be a prisoner all the days of your life. Bob Marley For the Putrid President of Russia, remember Sun Tzu wise words, that is to say, the greatest victory is that which requires no battle. Carl William Brown Get busy with life's purpose, toss aside empty hopes, get active in your own rescue. Marcus Aurelius All media exist to invest our lives with artificial perceptions and arbitrary values. Marshall McLuhan Life is such a great a teacher that when we don't learn a lesson, it will repeat it. Anonymous Fishes live in the sea, as men do on land: the great ones eat up the small one. Pericles A bad system will beat a good person every time. W. Edwards Deming Our life is what our thoughts make it, used to say Marcus Aurelius, but I would add that sometimes it is even worse! Carl William Brown

Chomsky quote You have your way. I have my way. As for the right way, the correct way, and the only way, it does not exist. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche Simplicity is not a mere idea. To be simple demnds a great deal of intelligence and sensitivity. Jiddu Krishnamurti People are not disturbed by things, but by the view they take of them. Epictetus Disturbance comes only from within, from our own perceptions. Marcus Aurelius All higher humor begins with ceasing to take oneself seriously. Herman Hesse The longer I live, the more convinced I am that this planet is being used by other planets as a madhouse of the universe. George Bernard Shaw The task of the modern educator is not to cut down jungles but to irrigate deserts. C.S. Lewis Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make man a more clever devil. C.S. Lewis A wise man can learn more from a foolish question than a fool can learn from a wise answer. Bruce Lee We have freedom of thought, now we need thought. Carl Kraus I may not have been sure about what really did interest me, but I was absolutely sure about what didn't. Albert Camus No one is useless in this world who lightens the burdens of another. Charles Dickens Never underestimate the power of stupid people in large group. Geroge Carlin The opinion of 10,000 men is of no value if none of them knows anything about the subject. Marcus Aurelius Some rise by sin, and some by virtue fall. William Shakespeare Never depend on the admiration of others. There is no strength in it. Personal merit cannot be derived from an external source. Epictetus The old world is dying, the new world is slow to appear and in this chiaroscuro the monsters arise. Antonio Gramsci In most men, intelligence is a field which remains uncultivated for most of life. Eugène Delacroix Man is the only creature who refuses to be what he is. Albert Camus Character cannot be developed in ease and quiet. Only through experience of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened, ambition inspired, and success achieved. Helen Keller

Karl Marx Wise men speak when they have something to say, fools speak because they have to say something. Aristotle What moves those of genius, what inspires their work is not new ideas, but their obsession with the idea that what has already been said is still not enough. Eugene Delacroix Character cannot be developed in ease and quiet. Only through experience of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened, ambition inspired, and success achieved. Helen Keller An honest man is always a child. Socrates Open your mind before your mouth. Aristophanes Neither Christ nor Buddha nor Socrates wrote a book, for to do so is to exchange life for a logical process. William B. Yeats Why should we feel anger at the world? As if the world would notice. Marcus Aurelius Love is the state in which man sees things most decidedly as they are not. Friedrich Nietzsche Only during hard times do people come to understand how difficult it is to be master of their feelings and thoughts. Anton Chekhov Most people do not really want freedom, because freedom involves responsibility, and most people are frightened of responsibility. Sigmund Freud I no longer know if I wish to drown myself in love, wodka or the sea. Franz Kafka The first thing that reading teaches us is how to be alone. Jonathan Franzen There is no greatness where simplicity, goodness and truth are absent. Leo Tolstoy Unexpressed emotions will never die. They are buried alive and will come forth later in uglier ways. Sigmund Freud The love for all living creatures is the most noble attribute of man. Charles Darwin Experience is the hardest kind of teacher. It gives you the test first and the lesson afterward. Oscar Wilde The most common form of despair is not being who you are. Soren Kierkegaard Each of us assumes everyone else knows what he is doing. They all assume we know what we are doing. We don’t. Philip K Dick Life's tragedy is that we get old too soon and wise too late. Benjamin Franklin Nothing shows a man's character more than what he laughs at. Goethe

100 magnificent quotes to read He who knows all the answers has not been asked all the questions. Confucius Gentleness is stronger than severity, water is stronger than rock, love is stronger than force. Herman Hesse Better to die fighting for freedom then be a prisoner all the days of your life. Bob Marley Art is the most intense mode of individualism that the world has known. I am inclined to say that it is the only real mode of individualism that the world has known. Oscar Wilde Everyday is like a fashion show and the whole world is the runway. Elegance is when the inside is as beautiful as the outside. Coco Chanel There is always some madness in love. But there is also always some reason in madness. Friedrich Nietzsche Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat. Harry Emerson Fosdick If you wish another to keep your secret, first keep it to yourself. Seneca the Younger When you have faults, do not fear to abandon them. Confucius It takes a minute to have a crush on someone, an hour to like someone, and a day to love someone... but it takes a lifetime to forget someone. Kahlil Gibran He who laughs at himself never runs out of things to laugh at. Epictetus L'amore è l'arte che non si impara mai e che si sa sempre. Benito Pérez Galdós The more we value things outside our control, the less control we have. Marcus Aurelius The more I think about it, the more I realize there is nothing more artistic than to love others. Vincent Van Gogh The greatest victory is that which requires no battle. Sun Tzu Facts or opinions which are to pass through the hands of so many, to be misconceived by folly in one, and ignorance in another, can hardly have much truth left. Jane Austen Do not spoil what you have by desiring what you have not; remember that what you now have was once among the things you only hoped for. Epicurus People may spend their whole lives climbing the ladder of success only to find, once they reach the top, that the ladder is leaning against the wrong wall. Thomas Merton For we are all divorced from life, we are all cripples, every one of us, more or less. We are so divorced from it that we feel at once a sort of loathing for real life, and so cannot bear to be reminded of it. Fyodor Dostoevsky Don’t miss these other similar posts: 100 best quotes and aphorisms 100 magnificent quotes and aphorisms 100 brilliant quotes and aphorisms 100 famous quotes and aphorisms 100 memorable quotes and aphorisms 100 top great quotes and aphorisms 100 excellent quotes and aphorisms 100 great quotes and aphorisms on Love Great and famous philosophy quotes Quotes by authors Quotes by arguments Thoughts and reflections Read the full article

[martendoc]

Zentrum für eine staatenlose Gesellschaft » Neighborhood Power: The New Localism von David Morris und Karl Hess

[satyaglobal]

Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler ( 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the Nazi Party (German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP); National Socialist German Workers Party). He was chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and dictator of Nazi Germany (as F�hrer und Reichskanzler) from 1934 to 1945. Hitler was at the centre of Nazi Germany, World War II in Europe, and the Holocaust.

Hitler was a decorated veteran of World War I. He joined the German Workers' Party (precursor of the NSDAP) in 1919, and became leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923, he attempted a coup in Munich to seize power. The failed coup resulted in Hitler's imprisonment, during which time he wrote his memoir, Mein Kampf (My Struggle). After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting Pan-Germanism, antisemitism, and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. Hitler frequently denounced international capitalism and communism as being part of a Jewish conspiracy.

Hitler's Nazi Party became the largest elected party in the German Reichstag, leading to his appointment as chancellor in 1933. Following fresh elections won by his coalition, the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act, which began the process of transforming the Weimar Republic into the Third Reich, a single-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of National Socialism. Hitler aimed to eliminate Jews from Germany and establish a New Order to counter what he saw as the injustice of the post-World War I international order dominated by Britain and France. His first six years in power resulted in rapid economic recovery from the Great Depression, the denunciation of restrictions imposed on Germany after World War I, and the annexation of territories that were home to millions of ethnic Germans, actions which gave him significant popular support.

Hitler actively sought Lebensraum ("living space") for the German people. His aggressive foreign policy is considered to be the primary cause of the outbreak of World War II in Europe. He directed large-scale rearmament and on 1 September 1939 invaded Poland, resulting in British and French declarations of war on Germany. In June 1941, Hitler ordered an invasion of the Soviet Union. By the end of 1941 German forces and their European allies occupied most of Europe and North Africa. Failure to defeat the Soviets and the entry of the United States into the war forced Germany onto the defensive and it suffered a series of escalating defeats. In the final days of the war, during the Battle of Berlin in 1945, Hitler married his long-time lover, Eva Braun. On 30 April 1945, less than two days later, the two committed suicide to avoid capture by the Red Army, and their corpses were burned. Under Hitler's leadership and racially motivated ideology, the regime was responsible for the genocide of at least 5.5 million Jews, and millions of other victims whom he and his followers deemed racially inferior.

Adolf Hitler :

F�hrer of Germany

In office : 2 August 1934 – 30 April 1945

Deputy : Rudolf Hess (1933–41)

Preceded by : Paul von Hindenburg (as President)

Succeeded by : Karl D�nitz (as President)

Reich Chancellor of Germany

In office : 30 January 1933 – 30 April 1945

President : Paul von Hindenburg (until 1934)

Deputy : Franz von Papen (1933–34)

Preceded by : Kurt von Schleicher

Succeeded by : Joseph Goebbels

Leader of the Nazi Party

In office : 29 June 1921 – 30 April 1945

Deputy : Rudolf Hess

Preceded by : Anton Drexler

Succeeded by : Martin Bormann

Personal details

Born : 20 April 1889 , Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary

Died : 30 April 1945 (aged 56) , Berlin, Germany

Nationality :

Austrian citizen until 7 April 1925[1]

Citizen of Brunswick after 25 February 1932

Citizen of the German Reich after 1934

Political party : National Socialist German Workers' Party (1921–45)

Other political affiliations : German Workers' Party (1920–21)

Spouse(s) : Eva Braun (29–30 April 1945)

Parents :

Alois Hitler (father)

Klara P�lzl (mother)

Occupation : Politician

Signature :

Military service

Allegiance : German Empire

Service/branch : Bavarian Army

Years of service : 1914–20

Rank :

Gefreiter

Verbindungsmann

Unit :

16th Bavarian Reserve Regiment

Reichswehr intelligence

Battles/warsWorld War I

Awards :

Iron Cross First Class

Iron Cross Second Class

Wound Badge

[red-queen-on-the-heathen-throne]

German here.

The whole Germany = Bavaria thing is so insanely reductive, it's starting to really get on my nerves that it tends to be the only thing that's ever shown as "German". Germany is huge and varied and the Holy Roman Empire discourse only touches on a small part of that.

All of the stuff mentioned in the post is technically German, but it's just a tiny sliver, and in case of the music and literature, it's all very... high-brow, I suppose? If you asked someone here about what's the most popular and/or intrinsically German type of music, they would mention classic composers maybe at some point, but certainly not first. They'd mention Schlager, or its distant cousin Partyschlager (there is no translated version for this one, use Google translate at your leisure). They might say Neue Deutsche Welle or Punkrock (represented in mainstream by bands like Die Ärtzte or Die Toten Hosen) or Deutschrap. German mainstream music is incredibly Amerinacised these days, but we do still have our own pop music that isn't derived from whatever washes up here from overseas.

For literature, you can pick from a variety of genres. If your guy is into genre literature, they might read Wolfgang Hohlbein, Andreas Eschbach, Frank Schätzing, Markus Heitz, Cornelia Funke, Michael Ende, Walter Moers, Iny Loretz, Mark-Uwe Kling, Charlotte Link...

For classic German literature that isn't just Schiller and Goethe, you could go for Erich Maria Remarque, Max Frisch (who is Swiss but well-known in Germany), Wilhelm Busch, Erich Kästner or the brothers Grimm (those last three if the character wants to read stories to their children), Karl May (obligatory "beware of 19th century racism" warning), or Hermann Hesse.

If the character is more into film and TV, they might have heard about Lindenstraße, Gute Zeiten, Schlechte Zeiten, and Tatort (for TV, though Tatort is technically a long-ass series of made-for-TV films), or Der Schuh des Manitu (another "beware of early 2000s racism" thing, but there is context here that relies on knowing Karl May films, which is what Manitu is satirising in the vein of Men in Tights and Blazing Saddles), the Fack ju Göthe series, or Lola rennt (for modern films). There's also more classic films like Das Boot, Schulmädchen-Report (this is erotica, so heads up), Nosferatu, or Metropolis. If the character is queer, they might be really into the works of Rosa von Praunheim.

Food is super varied and more than just Bratwurst and Schnitzel. Comfort food might be a good choice for a character trying to reconnect. There's Currywurst, which is eaten just about everywhere but especially popular in Berlin and the Ruhrgebiet. In the north, you'll find a variety of fish sandwiches. There are potato pancakes with appe sauce or sour cream, and apple pancakes with cinnamon and sugar. If you want to get fancy, you could make a roast with potatoes and gravy, and Kaisergemüse (a veggie mix usually made up of broccoli, cauliflower, carrots, and sometimes green beans, usually seasoned with salt, pepper, butter and parsley/chives).

The nature is also not just the Alps. Where I live, everything is vineyards. You can't go anywhere without having one within sight of you. Probably also within walking distance, because we love our walks. It's a joke one of my friends makes, when I say I'm going for a walk she'll be like "okay, see you tomorrow". And yes, my walks go through the vineyards.

There's the loops and valleys and gorges of our biggest rivers, the Rhine, the Moselle, the Elbe. All wildly different sights and biomes. We have big, dense forests. The Mecklenburger Seenplatte. The North Sea coast and islands. Saxon Switzerland, which is beautiful and great for hiking, and this famous painting was inspired by it. Hell, we even technically have a desert that's like five square kilometres.

Lastly, Christmas markets are just a general thing. It's not actively religious in nature (it is heavily connected to Christmas as a religious event, but the market itself is far more commercial than spiritual). You go shop for arts and crafts, eat fast food (yes, Bratwurst and potato pancakes are huge here, but so are dishes with fried or sauteed mushrooms as well as things like churros and crêpes), and drink punch or mulled wine. There's also often at least one roundabout, maybe some puppet theatre, too, for the kids. It's a fair with a Christmas paint job more than anything.

Speaking of fairs (so this is the last thing), this is also a really big thing here. Volksfeste are everywhere, big or small or anything in between. You have the really big ones, like the Munich Oktoberfest or the Kreuznacher Jahrmarkt, but also small ones in almost every smaller town (those would be called Kirmes or regionally in the south-west Kerb, usually). They're pretty similar to Christmas markets, but often without the religious aspect (sometimes they do have that because that's what many of them originated from, but for most the religious character was dropped entirely in favour of very worldly carousing). They also have food stalls, fairground games, roundabouts, bumper cars... They're big, open-air parties for all ages, and usually last two to five days over a weekend. This would be something that a character might seek out, combined with specific foods like Bratwurst, to get an impression of what a Volksfest is like.

...man, that got out of hand. Anyway, I hope that helps and expands the picture a little beyond Oktoberfest and Lederhosen^^

Belated edit: I almost forgot! Fasnacht! (Also German article because it's way better, again, use Google translate as necessary.) It originates in Christianity like a lot of traditions, but has shed many of its trappings over the years in favour of partying and political satire. It happens around lent, and usually consists of float parades where candy is thrown into the crowd with abandon (a tasty remnant of the religious origins, last time to stuff your face with sugar before lent), costume parties with music and speeches, and so called "Sitzungen", where you also dress up but don't go all-out, and the programme is usually speeches and skits satirising politics, rather than outright partying. A character might host their own Fasnacht party with costumes and candy for this one. They might play Partyschlager and eat Berliner at this party, as well as throw confetti and paper streamers, because those are everywhere and a pain in the ass to clean, but very fun. If they're more mischievous and don't mind getting into trouble, they might honour the tradition of Weiberfasnacht (women's carnival), which happens on a Thursday and where women go around with scissors cutting men's neck ties. The men usually wear old ties, or ones they bought specifically for this purpose, rather than their usual ones.

Characters reconnecting with their ancestral cultures in an interplanetary setting

@pixiedustandpetrichor asked:

Hi! I am writing a novel with three main female characters in an interplanetary setting. They grow up as orphans in an Irish-coded country and as children are mostly exposed to solely that culture, but they leave after becoming adults. Character A is Tuareg-coded, B Mongolian-coded, and C is Germanic-coded. It isn’t central to the story, but I would like them to get in touch with/learn more about their ancestral cultures, especially in terms of religion. A does this by actually visiting the planet her parents came from, but B and C do not. What can I do to depict their relationships with said cultures and their journey to reconnect with them? Would it be realistic for each of them to have different mixed feelings about participating in these cultures and for them to retain some sense of belonging to the culture they grew up in as well? Thank you for your time.

Hello, asker! WWC doesn’t have Tuareg or Mongol mods at the moment, so we're not able to speak to the specifics of cultural and religious reconnection for these particular groups. Still, I want to take this opportunity to provide some general context and elements to consider when writing Tuareg-coded characters, or other characters from groups that have experienced colonization in the real world. My fellow mods will then share thoughts about cultural reconnection in general and with respect to Germanic heritage in particular.

Drawing inspiration from groups that have experienced colonization

As you’re probably aware, the Tuareg are an ethnic group indigenous to North Africa. As with many indigenous groups, they have experienced colonization multiple times over the course of their history. Colonization often leads to the loss or erasure of certain aspects of culture as the colonized people are pressured to conform to the culture of the dominant group. In many cases, it’s near impossible to say what the ancestral culture of a colonized group was prior to colonization.

When coding a fictional culture based on a group that was colonized in the real world, it's important to ask questions about:

Which aspects of culture you're portraying

Where these aspects come from

Whether you're ready to tackle their implications for the world you're building

It’s not necessarily wrong to use elements of coding that draw from cultural aspects influenced by colonization. As I said, it can be very difficult, even impossible, to portray a “pure” culture as it would have been had colonization not occurred–because we simply can’t know what that alternate history would look like, and because so much has been lost or intentionally suppressed that the gaps in our knowledge are too wide to breach. But it’s important to be aware of where these cultural elements are coming from.

Where is your coding coming from and what are the implications?

For example, while the Tuareg today are majoritarily Muslim, this was not the case prior to the Arab conquest of North Africa. Some elements of Tuareg culture today, such as tea ceremonies, are derived from the influence of Arab and Muslim culture and likely did not exist prior to the 20th century. As you’re developing the culture of the Tuareg-coded group in your fictional setting, you have to decide whether to include these elements. There is no right answer–it will depend on what you’re trying to do and why.

Is your setting in our far future, in which case we can assume your Tuareg-coded group is distantly related to today’s Tuareg?

In that case, they will probably have kept many cultural aspects their ancestors acquired through their interactions with other cultures around them–including cultural groups that colonized them. They may–let’s build hopeful worlds!–have reclaimed aspects of their ancestral culture they’d been forced to abandon due to colonization. They may also have acquired new aspects of culture over time. This can be very fun to explore if you have the time and space to do so.

I would recommend speaking with Tuareg people to get a better grasp of how they see their culture evolving over the next however many centuries or millennia, what they wish to see and what seems realistic to them.

Alternatively, maybe your setting is a secondary world unrelated to ours and you only want to draw inspiration from the real-world Tuareg, not represent them exactly. In that case, you need to decide which period of history you’re drawing from, as Tuareg culture is different today from what it was 50 years ago, and different still from 200 years ago or 1000 years ago. You’ll need to research the historical period you’re choosing in order to figure out what was happening at that time and what the cultural influences were. If it’s pre-colonial, you’ll probably want to avoid including cultural elements influenced by colonization from groups that arrived later on.

Finally, if the time period you’re drawing from is post-colonial:

Are you planning to account for the effects of colonization on Tuareg culture?

Will you have an in-world equivalent for the colonization that occurred in real life?

For example, will the Tuareg-coded characters in your world be from a nomadic culture that was forced to become sedentary over the years and lost much of their traditions due to colonial pressure to conform?

Where did this pressure come from in your world–is it different from what happened in ours? If so, how different? And what are the consequences?

Writing about colonization can be quite the baggage to bring into a fictional setting. I’m not saying it can’t be done, but it will certainly require sensitivity and care in portraying it.

In summary: think it through

I’m not saying all this to discourage you, but to point out some of the considerations at play when drawing inspiration from a real-life culture that has experienced colonization. Similar challenges arise for coding based on any other indigenous group in the world.

My advice to you, then, is to first sit down and decide where and when in history your coding is coming from, and what you’re trying to achieve with it. This will help you figure out:

which elements of contemporary Tuareg culture are pertinent to include

How much your coding will be influenced by the Tuareg’s real-life history

To what extent that will inform the rest of the world you’re creating

This, in turn, may help in deciding how to portray your character’s reconnection journey.

Again, I am not Tuareg and this is by no means meant to be an exhaustive list of considerations for writing Tuareg-coded characters, only a few places to start.

If any Tuareg or Amazigh readers would like to chime in with suggestions of their own, please do. As always, please make sure your comments adhere to the WWC code of conduct.

- Niki

Pulling from diaspora and TRA narratives of cultural reconnection

Marika here: This ask plotline could also pull directly from diaspora and TRA narratives of cultural reconnection. Many diaspora and TRA cultural reconnection stories are, in effect, about navigating the difficult process of resuscitating, or renewing ties to culture using limited resources in environments that often lack necessary cultural infrastructure or scaffolding.

See this question here to the Japanese team for suggestions of how to handle such a storyline in a similar sci-fi setting.

More reading: Japanese-coded girl from future

-Marika

Reconnecting with German heritage

Hi, it’s Shira. I’m not sure whether German-Jewish counts as Germanic for the purposes of your post but since German Jews were more assimilated than other Ashkies, Germanness does feel real and relevant to my life (especially because my father worked there for approximately the last decade of his life.) NOTE: when I see “Germanic” vs German I think of cultures from 1500 years ago, not 100-200 years ago, so I can’t help you there, but I’d be surprised as a reader if a character focused on that for reconnection to the exclusion of the 19th century etc.

People in the United States specifically, reconnecting with German heritage, often lean into Bayerischer/Bavarian kitsch, I’ve noticed. Personally, though, what I find most relevant is:

1. The food (although I’ve come to learn that what I grew up eating was closer to veal/chicken scallopini than actual schnitzel because it was drenched in lemon, but I do like the other foods like the potato salad and sweet and sour red cabbage etc.) Your character could try making one of these “ancestral” foods as a way to reconnect?

2. The classical music, because I’m a second generation professional musician – if character C plays an instrument, leaning into that might be meaningful (Beethoven, Bach, Brahms, Mendelssohn, Clara Schumann and her husband Robert, etc.)

3. The nature, especially specifics that I enjoyed during my time there – personally, I loved the bright pink flowers all over the chestnut trees, but there are a lot of choices especially because of the Alps. If C is an artist maybe they can sketch something Germany-related from old photographs they found on the Space Internet?

I think it is VERY realistic for the characters to remain connected to the culture in which they were raised, by the way, whether or not they have positive feelings about it. Culture isn’t an inherited trait. Sure, if they want to completely walk away, they can, but I bet there are still ways it will creep back in without them realizing it simply because it’s really hard to have universal knowledge of the origins of all our quirks. Plus, not everyone feels alienated from their raised-culture just because they’re genetically something else.

P.S. There is also Oktoberfest, which I don’t really get into but is a thing, and beer, which is another point of German cultural pride.

German gentiles, weigh in – y’all have your own stuff, I know! OH YEAH so for German Christians, Christmas “markets” are a whole thing. That’s worth looking up. 

–S

What do you mean by Germanic?

Hello it’s Sci! I had to study German history for my historical fantasy novel set in the late 18th century Holy Roman Empire. I am not sure what is meant by Germanic as that can encompass a variety of things.

Germanic people: from the Classical Period of Roman Empire and early Middle Ages. Similar to Mod Shira, I unfortunately can’t help very much here.

The Germanosphere: regions that spoke German, which includes modern day Germany, Austria/Hungary, Switzerland, Lichtenstein, Belgium, and Luxembourg. I generally define this as the regions captured in the Hapsburg Empire along with Switzerland usually encompassing “Central Europe.”

Modern German national identity (i.e. German): post Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna (> 1815) only including the territory of modern day Germany.*

I ask this because modern German national identity is surprisingly recent since Germany only popped up in 1871 under Otto von Bismarck. Previously, Germany was divided into smaller states and city states as a very decentralized region under the German Confederation and before that, the Holy Roman Empire. Depending on the era, you can see different conflicts and divides. During the early days of the Protestant Reformation started by Martin Luther, the northern and southern German territories generally split along Protestant-Catholic lines. The 18th century saw Austria and Prussia as the foci of global power who warred against each other even though both were part of the Holy Roman Empire.

Other states and city-states like Baden-Wurttemberg or Saxony sometimes had power but it was typically more localized compared to Austria. Post-WW2, you saw the split of Germany into West Germany run under capitalism and East Germany run under communism as a satellite Soviet state leading to more modern cultural divides. Due to heavy decentralization historically, each region had its own character with religious and cultural divides. 

Assuming that the Germanic character is not from the classical period or early Middle Ages but not from the 19th century either, you can include your character reconnecting to classical folklore like that of Krampus (if they’re Christian), German literature and music like the works of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe or Mozart, or German philosophy like Immanuel Kant.

*A major wrinkle: German royals and nobility married into other states and nations frequently with Britain and Russia being notable examples. In Britain, the House of Hanover took over after the Stuart House died without clear direct heirs. When Queen Victoria married the German prince Albert, they celebrated Christmas with a tree and brought the German tradition of a Christmas tree to Britain and the British Empire. Only during World War I did the royal family’s house of Hanover name change from House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha to the more “English-sounding” Windsor. As a result, the German cultural influence may be even more widespread than we think.

However, without more specific descriptors of what Germanic means in the context of your story, it can be difficult to determine which aspects of German culture your character could reconnect to.

-Mod Sci