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*Dr. Smita Goel Homeopathy Clinic*

www.thehomeopathyclinic.co.in

Hydronephrosis is a condition that puts pressure on the kidneys and can lead to them becoming damaged. Often, something inside or outside of the urinary tract that blocks the urine flow out of the kidneys causes hydronephrosis.

Blockages in the urinary tract that can lead to hydronephrosis include kidney stones or an enlarged prostate. A problem with the muscle where the urethra and bladder connect and that makes urine back up into the kidneys can also cause the condition.

In this article, we look at what hydronephrosis is, along with the main symptoms and causes. We also cover diagnosis, treatment, and complications.

What is hydronephrosis?

Hydronephrosis occurs when urine cannot drain out of the kidneys properly, causing them to swell up or stretch.

Hydronephrosis is a condition affecting one or both of the kidneys. It happens when urine cannot drain out of the kidneys properly, causing them to swell up or stretch.

The bladder, kidneys, and linking tubes are known as the urinary system.

When working correctly, the kidneys filter blood to remove waste products from the body. The kidneys create urine, which carries the waste products down tubes to the bladder. Urine then passes through a tube called the urethra and can be expelled.

Hydronephrosis can develop when there is a problem with the urinary system. It can happen to a person of any age. It usually affects only one kidney but, occasionally, both are involved.

Symptoms

In adults, hydronephrosis may not cause any symptoms, depending on what is the cause. When they do occur, symptoms may include:

• urinating less often or not as strongly

• blood in the urine

• pain in the back, abdomen, or side of the body

• any symptoms of a urinary tract infection (UTI), such as painful urination, cloudy urine, and a strong urge to urinate

• fever

• nausea and vomiting

When hydronephrosis occurs in babies, they mostly have no symptoms. When they do, symptoms may include:

• multiple UTIs, when the only sign may be an unexplained fever

• pain in the abdomen or side

• blood in the urine

• fever

• not feeding well

• lack of energy

• irritability

Causes

Hydronephrosis is very common during pregnancy.

One of two main problems causes hydronephrosis.

One of these is called vesicoureteral reflux(VUR). In this condition, the muscular valve where the urethra connects to the bladder does not work correctly. This forces urine to reflux or flow backward into the kidney.

The other problem is an obstruction anywhere in the bladder, kidney, or linking tubes that prevents urine from leaving the kidney. This could be a blockage inside or pressure from something outside the urinary system.

In adults, many things can cause an obstruction, but it is usually due to an underlying medical condition, such as:

• Pregnancy causing the womb to push against and block the tubes connecting the bladder and kidneys. Hydronephrosis during pregnancy is not unusual.

• Kidney stones moving out of the kidney where they first formed. If a stone moves into a tube in the urinary system, it can cause a blockage.

• An enlarged prostate gland wrapping around the urethra between the bladder and penis, which can happen as a person ages. This can compress and obstruct the urethra.

• Certain cancers affecting the urinary system. These include kidney, prostate, bladder, cervical, or ovarian cancer. If a tumor is pressing against part of the urinary system, it can obstruct the flow of urine from the kidneys.

• The tubes connecting the bladder and kidneys becoming blocked or narrowed. This may happen because of an injury or infection.

• Nerves around the bladder being damaged, which can affect how well this organ works.

In babies, the obstruction is usually created when a part of the urinary system develops incorrectly before birth.

Diagnosis

Doctors use an ultrasound scan to diagnose hydronephrosis. This type of scan uses sound waves to see the organs inside the body, allowing a doctor to see whether a person's kidneys are swollen.

Most people will have an ultrasound scan during pregnancy to check the health of the developing fetus. This gives a picture of the fetus and their internal organs. If the kidneys appear swollen, further ultrasound tests will need to be given throughout the pregnancy.

Once the baby is born, ultrasound of the kidneys can be done as in adults.

If the kidneys appear swollen on an ultrasound picture, more tests may be needed. These tests can help to find the underlying cause of hydronephrosis.

Tests can include:

• urine tests to check for infection or blood

• blood tests to check for an infection

• an X-ray of the kidneys to see how urine is moving through the body

• a CT scan to give a 3-D picture of the organs and urinary system

A voiding cystourethrogram is a special X-ray that shows if reflux or obstruction is present. The doctor adds a dye to the urine in the bladder so the path of its flow can be followed on the X-ray. This test is used to diagnose VUR in adults, and babies after birth.

Treatment

When hydronephrosis is severe, a catheter tube may be used to drain the bladder.

Treatment is based on the underlying cause of hydronephrosis. Doctors will also inform their decisions about treatment on the severity of the condition and symptoms.

When hydronephrosis is severe, the backlog of urine may need to be drained to reduce the pressure and the risk of permanent kidney injury. This is done by inserting a thin tube called a catheter into the bladder or a special tool called a nephrostomy tube into the kidney.

Before treating the underlying cause of hydronephrosis, the doctor may prescribe something to control any pain and antibiotics to treat or prevent infection.

In adults, the underlying problem sometimes fixes itself, and no other treatment is needed.

More often, however, surgery is needed to remove the obstruction or fix the reflux. This can be minimally invasive, using a thin tube with a light and camera and involving only a few small incisions, or it may require larger incisions and instruments.

On some occasions, doctors can treat hydronephrosis with medication.

Hydronephrosis caused by pregnancy usually goes away without treatment once the pregnancy comes to an end.

If hydronephrosis is diagnosed before birth and is not severe, it usually gets better on its own without the need for treatment.

In the first few weeks after birth, a baby may need to have some tests to make sure there are no further problems.

Since babies with hydronephrosis are more likely to develop a UTI, they may be given antibiotics to reduce the risk of developing a urinary infection.

Babies with severe hydronephrosis usually need surgery. In some, the tubes connecting the kidney and bladder may be blocked. Doctors can treat this with a type of surgery known as a pyeloplasty, which is the most common surgical treatment in babies.

A pyeloplasty is done under general anesthetic. The section of the tube that is blocked will be removed, and the two ends joined up.

Complications

Untreated hydronephrosis can put a lot of pressure on a person's kidneys. This can cause permanent kidney damage or even kidney failure. Kidney failure means that the kidneys no longer work.

If both kidneys are affected, a person will need a transplant or dialysis. The latter is a process in which blood is filtered using a machine outside of the body.

Outlook

If treated early, hydronephrosis will not usually cause any lasting medical problems.

If hydronephrosis in babies is not discovered before birth, it can be harder to diagnose. Being aware of the signs of a UTI in babies can help to spot a possible problem. Early medical advice and treatment should help to ensure a quick recovery.

[dr-smita-goel-homeopathy-clinic]

*Dr. Smita Goel Homeopathy Clinic*

www.thehomeopathyclinic.co.in

Our immune system is our body’s defense against infections and other harmful invaders. Without it, we would constantly get sick from bacteria or viruses.

Our immune system is made up of special cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect us.

Normally, the immune system can tell the difference between foreign cells and our own cells.

In an autoimmune disease, the immune system mistakes part of our body, like our joints or skin, as foreign. It releases proteins called autoantibodies that attack healthy cells.

Some autoimmune diseases target only one organ. Type 1 diabetes damages the pancreas. Other diseases, like Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), affect the whole body..

Women get autoimmune diseases rate is high compared to men. Often the disease starts during a woman’s childbearing years (15Years to 44Years).

Certain autoimmune diseases, like multiple sclerosis and lupus, run in families. Not every family member will necessarily have the same disease, but they inherit a susceptibility to an autoimmune condition.

Because the incidence of autoimmune diseases is rising, researchers suspect environmental factors like infections and exposure to chemicals or solvents might also be involved. Our modern life style, working style and foods are also huge causes.

We don’t know exactly what causes autoimmune diseases. Genetics, diet, infections, and exposure to chemicals might be involved.

The lymph or lymphatic, system is a major part of the immune system. It's a network of lymph nodes and vessels. Lymphatic vessels are thin tubes that branch, like blood vessels, throughout the body. They carry a clear fluid called lymph. Lymph contains tissue fluid, waste products, and immune system cells. Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped clumps of immune system cells that are connected by lymphatic vessels. They contain white blood cells that trap viruses, bacteria, and other invaders, including cancer cells.

White blood cells are the cells of the immune system. They are made in one of your lymph organs, the bone marrow. Other lymph organs include the spleen and thymus.

When our immune system doesn't work the way it should, it is called an immune system disorder.

• Primary immune deficiency – Be born with a weak immune system.

• Acquired immune deficiency – Get a disease that weakens your immune system.

• Allergic reaction – Have an immune system that is too active.

• Autoimmune disease – Have an immune system that turns against you.

There are some common examples:

• Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is an example of an immune deficiency that is present at birth. Children are in constant danger of infections from bacteria, viruses, and fungi. This disorder is sometimes called “bubble boy disease.”

• Temporary acquired immune deficiencies. Our immune system can be weakened by certain medicines, for example: This can happen to people on chemotherapy or other drugs used to treat cancer. It can also happen to people following organ transplants who take medicine to prevent organ rejection. Also, infections like the flu virus, mono (mononucleosis), and measles can weaken the immune system for a brief time. Our immune system can also be weakened by smoking, alcohol, and poor nutrition.

• AIDS. HIV, which causes AIDS, is an acquired viral infection that destroys important white blood cells and weakens the immune system. People with HIV/AIDS become seriously ill with infections that most people can fight off. These infections are called “opportunistic infections” because they take advantage of weak immune systems.

If we are born with certain genes, our immune system may react to substances in the environment that are normally harmless. These substances are called allergens. Having an allergic reaction is the most common example of an overactive immune system. Dust, mold, pollen, and foods are examples of allergens.

Some conditions caused by an overactive immune system are:

• Asthma: The response in our lungs can cause coughing, wheezing, and trouble breathing. Asthma can be triggered by common allergens like dust or pollen or by an irritant like tobacco smoke.

• Eczema: An allergen causes an itchy rash known as atopic dermatitis.

• Allergic rhinitis: Sneezing, a runny nose, sniffling, and swelling of your nasal passages from indoor allergens like dust and pets or outdoor allergens like pollens or molds.

In autoimmune diseases, the body attacks normal, healthy tissues. The causes are unknown. It is probably a combination of a person’s genes and something in the environment that triggers those genes.

There are some common autoimmune diseases are:

• Type 1 diabetes: The immune system attacks the cells in the pancreas that make insulin. Insulin removes sugar from the blood to use as energy.

• Rheumatoid arthritis: This type of arthritis causes swelling and deformities of the joints. An auto-antibody called rheumatoid factor is in the blood of some people with rheumatoid arthritis.

• Lupus: This disease that attacks body tissues, including the lungs, kidneys, and skin. Many types of auto-antibodies are found in the blood of people with lupus.

So, we should never ignore to our care for immunity system. Homeopathy medicines are a good choice for improving our immunity system.

[drmanishkumargupta]

Why Doctors Suggest Fibroscan? - Fibroscan Center in Ghaziabad - Dr. Manish Kumar Gupta (Gastroenterologist & Hepatologist)

Doctors often suggest Fibroscan for non-invasive assessment of liver health. This procedure measures liver stiffness, detecting fibrosis and potential issues early. This proactive approach enables timely interventions, protecting liver function and overall well-being.

Book an appointment for the Test Now! Contact Us: 📍 Dr. Manish Kumar Gupta 👨⚕ Gastroenterologist, Liver Specialist & Endoscopist 🏥 Gastro, Liver & Endoscopy Center, plot no. 100, Shakti khand 2, Indirapuram Ghaziabad ☎ +91-9560720171 Website: https://gastroliver.co.in/ Review Us: https://g.page/r/Ca-LQMsvgGypEB0/review

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The Environmental Benefits of PPF Car Coating for Your Vehicle

Protecting the exterior of your car is crucial to maintain its appearance, longevity, and value. Traditional methods of protection, like waxing, offer temporary relief, but advancements in technology have given rise to more durable solutions. One such innovation is PPF car coating, a protective film that offers a range of benefits to both the car and the environment. If you’re looking to enhance the life of your car and contribute to environmental sustainability, PPF car coating is an ideal option.

For those in Indirapuram, The Detailing Mafia Indirapuram stands as a trusted provider of PPF car coating services, offering cutting-edge solutions to ensure your vehicle’s protection while being mindful of the environment. Here, we’ll explore the various environmental benefits of applying PPF car coating to your vehicle.

What is PPF Car Coating?

PPF, or Paint Protection Film, is a transparent layer applied to your car’s paint to shield it from damage caused by road debris, bird droppings, UV rays, scratches, and other environmental contaminants. Unlike waxes or sealants, PPF is a durable, long-lasting protective solution that forms a strong barrier against external elements. It’s an innovative product that preserves the integrity of your vehicle’s paintwork and offers environmental benefits that go beyond just protection.

1. Reduction in the Need for Frequent Car Washing

One of the most significant environmental benefits of PPF car coating is that it reduces the need for frequent car washes. Traditional car care methods often require frequent washing, which consumes large amounts of water and energy. In addition, many car washes use harsh chemicals that can harm the environment when they’re washed off into the drainage system.

With PPF car coating, dirt, grime, and contaminants are repelled more efficiently, which means you don’t have to wash your car as often. The film’s hydrophobic properties cause water to bead and slide off the surface, taking dirt with it. As a result, you’ll save water and reduce the overall consumption of resources. Furthermore, since PPF car coating makes cleaning easier, you can maintain the appearance of your vehicle with less effort and fewer cleaning products, which helps minimize your environmental footprint.

2. Extended Lifespan of Vehicle Paint

Regular exposure to environmental elements such as UV rays, acid rain, and pollutants can cause a vehicle’s paint to fade and deteriorate over time. This deterioration often leads to costly repainting, which involves harmful chemicals and processes that release pollutants into the air. By applying PPF car coating, you are effectively prolonging the lifespan of your vehicle’s original paint.

The film acts as a protective barrier that absorbs the damage from UV rays and other harmful elements, reducing the wear and tear on your car’s paint. With longer-lasting paint, you won’t have to undergo frequent repainting, which means fewer chemicals are used in the automotive industry. This helps minimize the carbon footprint associated with vehicle paint jobs and promotes a more sustainable approach to car maintenance.

3. Reduction in Harmful Emissions from Paint Jobs

As mentioned earlier, repainting a car involves the use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other harmful chemicals that contribute to air pollution. The automotive painting process can release toxic fumes, which not only harm the environment but also pose risks to human health. By applying PPF car coating to your vehicle, you can delay or completely avoid the need for repainting, which results in fewer harmful emissions being released into the atmosphere.

Choosing PPF car coating is an eco-friendly alternative to traditional paint jobs, making it an excellent choice for environmentally-conscious car owners who want to reduce their carbon footprint. With the protection offered by the PPF, you can keep your vehicle looking fresh for years without the need for frequent paint corrections.

4. Reduction in the Use of Harmful Cleaning Chemicals

Car owners often use a variety of cleaning chemicals to maintain the appearance of their vehicles. These chemicals can include harsh waxes, polishes, and sealants, many of which contain harmful ingredients that can pollute the environment when washed away. The application of PPF car coating significantly reduces the need for these chemicals, as the film itself acts as a shield against contaminants.

Because PPF is so effective at preventing dirt, bird droppings, tree sap, and other environmental contaminants from sticking to the surface, your need for chemical-based cleaners is reduced. This contributes to less chemical runoff, which ultimately leads to a cleaner environment. Moreover, many PPF car coating products are made with eco-friendly ingredients, ensuring that even the product itself has minimal environmental impact.

5. Long-Lasting Protection, Fewer Resources Wasted

Another important environmental benefit of PPF car coating is its longevity. Unlike traditional methods of paint protection, which may need to be reapplied frequently, PPF car coating offers long-term protection for your vehicle. The durability of PPF means that you won’t need to replace or reapply products as often, which helps conserve resources and reduce waste.

Many traditional products, such as wax and sealants, require regular reapplication, which not only uses up more products but also results in more waste being generated. In contrast, the long-lasting nature of PPF car coating minimizes the frequency of reapplications and helps reduce the amount of waste generated by your car care routine.

6. Reduced Impact of Road Pollutants

Road pollutants, such as oils, debris, and chemicals, can have a significant impact on your vehicle's paint. When left unprotected, these contaminants can cause long-term damage, including stains, discoloration, and even corrosion. PPF car coating acts as a protective barrier that prevents these pollutants from adhering to the surface of your vehicle, making it easier to clean and maintain.

By protecting your car from harmful road pollutants, PPF car coating helps keep your vehicle in optimal condition for longer, reducing the need for expensive repairs and minimizing the environmental impact of unnecessary maintenance.

7. Supporting Sustainable Car Detailing Practices

When you choose PPF car coating, you're also supporting sustainable practices in the car detailing industry. Reputable detailing services, such as The Detailing Mafia Indirapuram, are committed to providing high-quality, environmentally-conscious services. By using products that are designed to reduce the consumption of water, chemicals, and energy, these services contribute to a greener automotive care industry.

As more and more car detailing businesses adopt eco-friendly practices, the automotive industry as a whole becomes more sustainable, contributing to a cleaner, healthier environment for all.

Conclusion

In conclusion, PPF car coating is not only an effective solution for protecting your vehicle but also a sustainable choice for environmentally-conscious car owners. By reducing the need for frequent car washes, extending the lifespan of your vehicle’s paint, minimizing harmful emissions, and reducing the use of chemicals, PPF car coating offers a variety of environmental benefits that go beyond traditional car care methods.

If you’re looking to protect your car while also contributing to a greener planet, The Detailing Mafia Indirapuram provides top-quality PPF car coating services that are designed with both your car’s longevity and the environment in mind. Make the smart choice today, and enjoy the peace of mind that comes with protecting your car and the planet at the same time.

[cudelapp]

Benefits of Professional Facials at Home

At-home professional facial services provide numerous advantages that women should take into account. We are presenting multiple perspectives on how opting for professional facial services at home can greatly improve your skin’s health and appearance.

Discussing the Advantages of a Professional In-Home Facial Service

Effectiveness

Facial services at home are tailored to your unique skin type and requirements, with skilled skin specialists leveraging their knowledge to assess your unique skin issues, whether they are visible aging signs, dryness or acne and suggest the most suitable treatments.

High-grade Facial Products

A major benefit of professional facial services at home is the application of sophisticated and high-standard facial equipment and products that can produce superior outcomes.

Soothing Atmosphere

The atmosphere of a high-end facial treatment at home significantly boosts the effectiveness of the procedure. When you schedule a professional facial treatment, you enjoy a soothing and serene environment in the comfort of your own home.

Deep Cleaning

At-home professional facial treatments offer a safer and more thorough cleansing that can make your skin appear fresh and rejuvenated. Certified facial specialists employ specialised techniques that eliminate skin impurities much more efficiently than do-it-yourself methods.

Everlasting Benefits

Regularly using facial services at home will provide lasting advantages, as professional facial treatments for radiant skin deliver immediate outcomes while also improving long-term skin health and a youthful look. Professional facials can tackle issues like hyperpigmentation, fine lines and wrinkles more efficiently over time.

Safety and Efficiency

Complicated facial procedures such as deep extractions and LED light therapy necessitate certified and skilled professionals along with top-notch medical-grade equipment. Professional facial services at home ensure your safety and the effectiveness of the treatment by employing specialised tools and methods that surpass standard methods and minimise the chances of negative reactions or harm.

Easily Accessible Options

Numerous nearby spas and salons provide cost-effective and expert facial services at home via special package deals that can comprise several premium facial treatments.

CuDel: For Easy Access to Genuine At-Home Facial Services!

If you're prepared to enjoy quality facial services right from the comfort of your home, then book an instant appointment online with CuDel, an exceptional service app by the Kutumbh Care Group. You can experience outstanding at-home facial services in Indirapuram as well as in Delhi and its other NCR regions.

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Ekdigi : Best digital marketing Services In Indirapuram

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Skin Doctor in Indirapuram

Looking for a trusted skin doctor in Indirapuram? Our clinic is home to experienced dermatologists who provide expert care tailored to your unique skin concerns. Whether you're struggling with acne, hair loss, pigmentation issues, or more complex skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis, we offer a range of effective treatments designed to improve both the appearance and health of your skin. Our team uses advanced diagnostic tools and cutting-edge technologies to assess and treat a variety of skin conditions, focusing on long-term solutions that address the root causes of your concerns. From personalized consultations to comprehensive treatment plans, we ensure that you receive the best care in a welcoming, comfortable environment. As a leading skin doctor in Indirapuram, we prioritize your well-being and satisfaction, helping you achieve clear, healthy, and glowing skin. Visit us today and take the first step toward better skin with expert guidance and support from our skilled dermatologists!

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Dentist Choice in Indirapuram | Trusted Dental Care & Treatments

Looking for a reliable dentist in Indirapuram? Dentist Choice offers expert dental care, from routine checkups to advanced treatments. Our experienced team ensures a comfortable and personalized experience for a healthier, brighter smile. Book your appointment today!

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[dr-smitagoelhomeopathyclinic]

*Dr. Smita Goel Homeopathy Clinic*

www.thehomeopathyclinic.co.in

Psoriasis is a skin disorder that causes skin cells to multiply up to 10 times faster than normal. This makes the skin build up into bumpy red patches covered with white scales. They can grow anywhere, but most appear on the scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back. Psoriasis can't be passed from person to person. It does sometimes happen in members of the same family.

Psoriasis usually appears in early adulthood. For most people, it affects just a few areas. In severe cases, psoriasis can cover large parts of the body. The patches can heal and then come back throughout a person's life.

Symptoms

The symptoms of psoriasis vary depending on the type you have. Some common symptoms for plaque psoriasis the most common variety of the condition include:

• Plaques of red skin, often covered with silver-colored scales. These plaques may be itchy and painful, and they sometimes crack and bleed. In severe cases, the plaques will grow and merge, covering large areas.

• Disorders of the fingernails and toenails, including discoloration and pitting of the nails. The nails may also crumble or detach from the nail bed.

• Plaques of scales or crust on the scalp.

People with psoriasis can also get a type of arthritis called psoriatic arthritis. It causes pain and swelling in the joints. The National Psoriasis Foundation estimates that between 10% to 30% of people with psoriasis also have psoriatic arthritis.

Types

Other types of psoriasis include:

• Pustular psoriasis , which causes red and scaly skin with tiny pustules on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.

• Guttate psoriasis , which often starts in childhood or young adulthood, causes small, red spots, mainly on the torso and limbs. Triggers may be respiratory infections, strep throat, tonsillitis, stress, injury to the skin, and taking antimalarial and beta-blocker medications.

• Inverse psoriasis , which makes bright red, shiny lesions that appear in skin folds, such as the armpits, groin, and under the breasts.

• Erythrodermic psoriasis , which causes fiery redness of the skin and shedding of scales in sheets. It's triggered by severe sunburn, infections, certain medications, and stopping some kinds of psoriasis treatment. It needs to be treated immediately because it can lead to severe illness.

No one knows the exact cause of psoriasis, but experts believe that it’s a combination of things. Something wrong with the immune system causes inflammation, triggering new skin cells to form too quickly. Normally, skin cells are replaced every 10 to 30 days. With psoriasis, new cells grow every 3 to 4 days. The buildup of old cells being replaced by new ones creates those silver scales.

Psoriasis tends to run in families, but it may be skip generations. For instance, a grandfather and his grandson may be affected, but not the child's mother.

Things that can trigger an outbreak of psoriasis include:

• Cuts, scrapes, or surgery

• Emotional stress

• Strep infections

• Medications, including

• Blood pressure medications (like beta-blockers)

• Hydroxychloroquine, antimalarial medication

Diagnosis

Physical exam. It’s usually easy for your doctor to diagnose psoriasis, especially if you have plaques on areas such as your:

• Scalp

• Ears

• Elbows

• Knees

• Belly button

• Nails

• Your doctor will give you a full physical exam and ask if people in your family have psoriasis.

• Lab tests. The doctor might do a biopsy -- remove a small piece of skin and test it to make sure you don’t have a skin infection. There’s no other test to confirm or rule out psoriasis.

[dr-smita-goel-homeopathy-clinic]

*Dr. Smita Goel Homeopathy Clinic*

www.thehomeopathyclinic.co.in

A person with short stature, or restricted growth, does not grow as tall as other people of the same gender, age, and ethnicity. The person's height is below the 3rd percentile.

Short stature can be a variant of normal growth, or it may indicate a disorder or condition.

Growth rate is an important indicator of overall health. Children who do not reach the 5th percentile by the age of 5 years are said to be small for gestational age (SGA). A pediatrician will look out for signs of "failure to thrive."

Early intervention can prevent future problems in many cases.

Normally, at 8 years of age, a child's arm span is around the same as their height. If these measurements are out of proportion, this may be a sign of disproportionate short stature (DSS), sometimes known as "dwarfism."

Fast facts on short stature

Here are some key points about short stature. More detail is in the main article.

• Short stature can happen for a wide range of reasons, including having small parents, malnutrition, and genetic conditions such as achondroplasia.

• Proportionate short stature (PSS) is when the person is small, but all the parts are in the usual proportions. In disproportionate short stature (DSS), the limbs may be small compared with the trunk.

• If short stature results from a growth hormone (GH) deficiency, GH treatment can often boost growth.

• Some people may experience long-term medical complications, but intelligence is not usually affected.

Causes

Growth depends on a complex range of factors, including genetic makeup, nutrition, and hormonal influences.

The most common cause of short stature is having parents whose height is below average, but around 5 percent of children with short stature have a medical condition.

Conditions that can underlie short stature include:

• Undernutrition, due to a disease or lack of nutrients

• Hypothyroidism, leading to a lack of growth hormone

• A tumor in the pituitary gland

• Diseases of the lungs, heart, kidneys, liver, or gastrointestinal tract

• Conditions that affect the production of collagen and other proteins

• Some chronic diseases, such as celiac disease and other inflammatory disorders

• Mitochondrial disease, which can affect the body in different ways, including growth

Sometimes, an injury to the head during childhood can lead to reduced growth.

A lack of growth hormone can also lead to delayed or absent sexual development.

Rheumatologic diseases, such as arthritis, are linked to short stature. This may happen because of the disease, or as a result of the glucocorticoid treatment, which can affect the release of growth hormone.

Disproportionate short stature (DSS) usually stems from a genetic mutation that affects the development of bone and cartilage and undermines physical growth.

The parents may not have short stature, but they may pass on a condition that is linked to DSS, such as achondroplasia, mucopolysaccharide disease, and spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SED).

Types

There are different types and causes of short stature, or restricted growth, and they will present differently. Because the range of conditions is so broad, restricted growth can be classified in various ways.

One categorization is:

• Variant restricted growth

• Proportionate short stature (PSS)

• Disproportionate short stature (DSS)

Each of these categories includes a number of types and causes of short stature.

Variant restricted growth

Sometimes a person is small but otherwise healthy. This can be referred to as variant restricted growth. It may happen for genetic or hormonal reasons.

If the parents are also small, this can be called familial short stature (FSS). If it stems from a hormonal issue, it is a constitutional delay in growth and adolescence (CDGA).

The limbs and the head develop in proportion with the spine, and the individual is otherwise healthy.

Growth happens throughout the body, so the legs, for example, are in proportion with the spine.

In most cases, the individual's parents are also small, but sometimes small stature happens because the body does not produce enough growth hormone (GH), or the body does not process growth hormone properly. This is known as GH insensitivity. Hypothyrodism can lead to low hormone production.

Growth hormone treatment during childhood may help.

Proportionate short stature (PSS)

Sometimes, overall growth is restricted, but the person's body is in proportion, and the individual has a related health problem. This is known as proportionate short stature (PSS).

If the individual is heavy for their height, this can suggest a hormone problem. The problem could be hypothyroidism, excess glucorticoid production, or too little GH.

A person who is small and their weight is low for their height may be experiencing malnutrition, or they may have a disorder that leads to malabsorption.

Whatever the underlying reason, if it affects overall growth, it may impact development in at least one body system, so treatment is needed.

During adulthood, a person with this type of restricted growth is more likely to experience:

• osteoporosis

• cardiovascular problems

• reduced muscle strength

Rarely, there may be cognitive problems, or problems with thinking. This depends on the cause of the short stature.

Disproportionate short stature (DSS)

Disproportionate short stature (DSS) is linked to a genetic mutation. The parents are usually of average height. As with other types of short stature, a range underlying causes is possible.

An individual with DSS will be small in height, and they will have other unusual physical features. These may be visible at birth, or they may develop in time as the infant develops.

Most individuals will have an average-sized trunk and short limbs, but some people may have a very short trunk and shortened, but disproportionately large limbs. Head size may be disproportionately large.

Intelligence or cognitive abilities are unlikely to be affected unless the person has hydrocephalus, or too much fluid around the brain.

Achondroplasia underlies around 70 percent of cases of DSS. It affects around 1 in 15,000 to 1 in 40,000 people.

Features include:

• an average-sized trunk

• short limbs, especially the upper arms and legs

• short fingers, possibly with a wide space between the middle and ring fingers

• limited mobility in the elbows

• a large head with a prominent forehead and flattened bridge of the nose

• bowed legs

• lordosis, a progressive development of a swayed lower back

• average adult height of 4 feet, or 122 cm

Hypochondroplasia is a mild form of achondroplasia. It may be difficult to differentiate between familial short stature and achondroplasia.

Achondroplasia and hypochondroplasia result from a genetic mutation.

Genetic conditions, such as Turner syndrome, Down syndrome, or Prader Willi syndrome, are also linked to DSS.

Diagnosis

Some types of short stature can be diagnosed at birth. In other cases, routine visits to a pediatrician should reveal any abnormal growth pattern.

The doctor will record the child's head circumference, height, and weight.

If the doctor suspects restricted growth, they will carry out a physical examination, look at the child's medical and family history, and possibly carry out some tests.

These may include:

An x-ray, to assess for problems with bone development

An insulin tolerance test, to check for a deficiency in the growth hormone insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).

In this test, insulin is injected into a vein, causing blood glucose levels to drop. Normally, this would trigger the pituitary gland to release growth hormone (GH). If GH levels are lower than normal, there may be a GH deficiency.

Other tests include:

• a thyroid-stimulating hormone test, to check for hypothyroidism

• a complete blood count, to test for anemia

• metabolic tests, to assess liver and kidney function

• erythrocyte sedimentation and C-reactive protein tests, to assess for inflammatory bowel disease

• urine tests can check for enzyme deficiency disorders

• tissue transglutinase and immunoglobulin A tests, for celiac disease

• imaging scans, such as an x-ray of the skeleton and the skull or an MRI, can detect problems with the pituitary gland or hypothalamus

• bone marrow or skin biopsies may help confirm conditions associated with short stature

Treatment

Treatment will depend on the cause of the short stature.

If there are signs of malnutrition, the child may need nutritional supplements or treatment for a bowel disorder or other condition that is preventing them from absorbing nutrients.

If growth is restricted or delayed because of a hormonal problem, GH treatment may be necessary.

Pediatric hormone treatment: In children who produce too little GH, a daily injection of hormone treatment may stimulate physical growth later in life. Medications, such as somatropin, may eventually add 4 inches, or 10 centimeters, to adult height.

Adult hormone treatment

: Treatment for adults can help protect against complications, for example, cardiovascular disease and low bone mineral density.

Somatropin, also known as recombinant GH, might be recommended for people who:

• have a severe growth hormone deficiency

• experience impaired quality of life

• are already receiving treatment for another pituitary hormone deficiency

Adult patients generally self-administer daily with an injection.

Adverse effects of somatropin include headache, muscle pain, edema, or fluid retention, problems with eyesight, joint pain, vomiting, and nausea.

The patient may receive treatment to control chronic conditions, such as heart disease, lung disease, and arthritis.

Treatment for DSS

As DSS often stems from a genetic disorder, treatment focuses mainly on the complications.

Some patients with very short legs may undergo leg lengthening. The leg bone is broken and then fixed into a special frame. The frame is adjusted daily to lengthen the bone.

This does not always work, it takes a long time, and there is a risk of complications, including:

• pain

• the bone forming badly or at an inappropriate rate

• infection

• deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a blood clot in a vein

Other possible surgical treatments include:

• use of growth plates, where metal staples are inserted into the ends of long bones where growth takes place, to help bones grow in the right direction

• inserting staples or rods to help the spine form the right shape

• increasing the size of the opening in the bones of the spine to reduce pressure on the spinal cord

Regular monitoring can reduce the risk of complications.

Complications

A person with DSS may experience a number of complications.

These include:

• arthritis later in life

• delayed mobility development

• dental problems

• bowed legs

• hearing problems and otitis media

• hydrocephalus, or too much fluid in the brain cavities

• hunching of the back

• limb problems

• swaying of the back

• narrowing of the channel in the lower spine during adulthood and other spine problem

• sleep apnea

• weight gain

• speech and language problems

Individuals with proportionate short stature (PSS) may have poorly developed organs and pregnancy complications, such as respiratory problems. Delivery will normally be by cesarean section.

Outlook

Most people with short stature will have a normal life expectancy, and 90 percent of children who are small for their age at 2 years will "catch up" by adulthood.

The 10 percent who do not catch up are likely to have a condition such as fetal alcohol, Prader-Willi, or Down syndrome.

A person with achondroplasia can also expect a normal lifespan.

However, some serious conditions that are linked to some cases of short stature can be fatal.

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Factors That Influence PPF Coating Price and How to Save Money

When it comes to maintaining the appearance of your car and protecting its paint from scratches, chips, and environmental damage, PPF (Paint Protection Film) coating is one of the best investments you can make. However, the PPF coating price can vary significantly depending on several factors. While the price of PPF coating may seem daunting at first, understanding the elements that contribute to its cost can help you make an informed decision and potentially save money without compromising on quality. If you're looking for a reliable provider of PPF coating services, The Detailing Mafia Indirapuram stands out as a trusted name for quality and value.

What is PPF Coating?

Before diving into the factors that affect PPF coating price, let’s first understand what PPF coating is. PPF is a clear, durable film applied to a vehicle’s paintwork to protect it from damage. The film acts as a barrier against road debris, stone chips, scratches, and harmful UV rays, all while preserving the car’s glossy finish. Many car owners choose PPF coating to maintain their vehicle’s aesthetic appeal and resale value.

Factors That Influence PPF Coating Price

Quality of the PPF Film

One of the primary factors affecting PPF coating price is the quality of the film being used. There are various types of PPF available, each with different characteristics. High-quality PPF films, such as those from well-known brands like XPEL and 3M, tend to be more expensive than budget alternatives. These premium films offer better protection against scratches, chips, and UV rays, often with a self-healing feature that can fix minor scratches on their own.

While it might be tempting to go for a cheaper alternative, opting for a lower-quality film could lead to a decrease in the effectiveness and longevity of the protection. It’s important to weigh the benefits of high-quality PPF against the price.

Extent of Coverage

The PPF coating price also depends on the area of the vehicle that needs to be covered. Some car owners may choose to apply PPF to only specific areas, such as the front bumper, hood, side mirrors, and fenders, which are more prone to stone chips. This partial coverage will cost less than applying PPF to the entire vehicle.

On the other hand, if you want full-body protection, the cost will increase significantly because more material and labor are required. The more extensive the coverage, the higher the overall PPF coating price will be.

Car Size and Model

The size and model of your car play a significant role in determining the PPF coating price. Larger vehicles, such as SUVs, trucks, or luxury cars, require more material to cover the surfaces, which increases the price. Similarly, more intricate or exotic car models may require additional time and precision to install the PPF, further increasing the overall cost.

If you have a luxury or high-performance car, keep in mind that specialized PPFs designed for such vehicles may also come with a premium price tag. The complexity of your car’s design can also influence labor costs, especially if the vehicle has custom features or curves that require more detailed work.

Installation Complexity and Labor Costs

The quality of installation is a crucial factor in determining the PPF coating price. While it may seem tempting to go for a cheaper, less experienced provider, the skill and experience of the installers can make a significant difference in both the appearance and durability of the PPF. Professional installation requires precision and expertise, which is reflected in the overall cost.

Some service providers offer mobile PPF installation, which may be more expensive due to the added convenience and potential overhead costs. However, choosing a provider with a reputable track record, such as The Detailing Mafia Indirapuram, can help ensure that your PPF is applied correctly, preventing issues like bubbles or peeling down the line.

Geographical Location

The location of the service provider also affects the PPF coating price. In areas with a higher cost of living, such as metropolitan cities, the price for PPF coating services can be more expensive. Additionally, providers in these areas may offer more premium services, resulting in higher costs for both materials and labor.

If you're based in a city like Indirapuram, choosing a local and well-regarded provider like The Detailing Mafia Indirapuram can help reduce the overall costs compared to providers in larger, high-demand areas, all while ensuring top-notch service.

Additional Services

Many PPF coating providers offer additional services such as ceramic coating, paint correction, and detailing to complement the PPF installation. While these add-ons can provide extra protection and a more pristine finish, they will add to the overall cost. If you're on a budget, you can choose to skip some of these extra services to save money, though it’s important to remember that they can significantly enhance the effectiveness of the PPF.

Warranty and Aftercare

Some PPF brands come with extended warranties, which can add to the initial PPF coating price. However, these warranties offer peace of mind, ensuring that any issues with the film—such as yellowing, bubbling, or peeling—will be covered for a certain period. Some providers also offer maintenance and aftercare packages that can add to the overall cost.

How to Save Money on PPF Coating Without Sacrificing Quality

Compare Quotes from Different Providers

The PPF coating price can vary significantly from one service provider to another. It’s essential to do your research and obtain quotes from multiple providers before making a decision. While you shouldn’t automatically opt for the cheapest option, comparing prices will give you an idea of the average cost in your area.

Opt for Partial Coverage

If your budget is tight, you can choose to apply PPF coating only to the areas that are most vulnerable to damage, such as the front bumper, hood, and side mirrors. This can reduce the overall cost while still providing essential protection.

Look for Promotions or Discounts

Many detailing services, including The Detailing Mafia Indirapuram, offer promotions or discounts on PPF coating from time to time. Keep an eye out for seasonal sales or special deals that could significantly reduce the price of the service.

Invest in Quality to Avoid Reapplication Costs

While higher-quality PPF films may come with a higher initial price, they tend to last longer and provide better protection. By investing in a quality PPF, you can avoid the need for frequent reapplications or touch-ups, which can end up costing more in the long run.

Choose a Reputable Local Provider

Choosing a reputable provider like The Detailing Mafia Indirapuram ensures you’re getting professional, high-quality service at a fair price. Avoiding the “do-it-yourself” route or opting for unqualified installers will save you from potential issues and additional costs down the road.

Conclusion

The PPF coating price is influenced by several factors, including the quality of the film, the extent of coverage, the complexity of installation, and the size of your car. By understanding these factors and working with trusted providers like The Detailing Mafia Indirapuram, you can make an informed decision that fits your budget while ensuring the best protection for your vehicle. With the right approach, you can enjoy the benefits of PPF coating without breaking the bank.

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A Guide to Prepare Your RO System for Winter

Getting your Reverse Osmosis (RO) water filtration system ready for winter is important to prevent its freezing and guarantee optimal performance. We have a step-by-step guide to help you prepare your RO filter systems for the cold along with an unparalleled service application for fixing and maintaining them.

Advice to Prepare Your RO Water Filter Systems for Winter

For the safety of your RO water filter system and to maintain its functionality and efficiency in severe winter, simply follow our suggestions.

Identify all the visible pipes connected to your RO filtration system and use pipe insulation sleeves to protect the exposed pipes, especially in unheated areas like basements or garages.

Consider adding a protective cover or enclosure with adequate airflow to shield sensitive parts of your RO system such as membranes or pre-filters from snow and freezing temperatures.

Consider insulating the entire system with insulation blankets or foam panels.

Use specially designed heated wraps or tape for additional protection to water pipes and make sure that the heated wrap has a thermostat for regulating the temperature.

You can also think about using a space heater to maintain a pleasant temperature and position the heater away from direct contact with the RO system components.

Perform routine maintenance, such as changing filters and inspecting for leaks, before winter arrives and address any issues promptly to prevent them from escalating in colder conditions.

Stay informed about the upcoming weather conditions and if a harsh cold wave is anticipated, implement additional precautions such as increasing the water flow or enhancing insulation.

Book Service Appointments with CuDel to Prepare Your RO Systems to Function Seamlessly During the Cold Winter!

Since numerous households utilise RO water purification systems, it is crucial to maintain these systems throughout the cold winter months. We have genuine and very effective RO services in Indirapuram that can repair your RO purification units to prepare them for the coming winter season. You can access these specialised RO services in your area through the CuDel app by the Kutumbh Care Group. Schedule an instant appointment with your chosen RO service in Indirapuram to have them come to your home and service your RO system. These companies deliver excellent RO repair services in Indirapuram, which you should choose if you have an RO system and wish to enhance its service life.

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