#h50 analysis

[agentbootyreportingforduty]

this scene in 3x23 of doris doing magic for steve is really sweet at first and then I started thinking about it more and it actually became really angsty and sad to me because I’m mentally ill✨

because think about it. steve hasn’t had a mom for over 20 years, he got sent back to the mainland after he lost her and later on, he enlisted really young. but he grew up and he’s this big navy seal now. and he refuses doris at first because of this and because they’re in a serious situation but then he actually plays along. and just lets himself remember what it was like when they did magic together and he was young and didn’t have everything on his shoulders. before he’s been through everything that he has. and he gets all smiley and giddy and it’s so cute but it actually broke my heart at the same time. the “blowing magic breath” part and “how’d you do that” in the soft voice is especially so sweet and innocent like this is a man who didn’t get to have a fully normal childhood and it makes me wanna CRYYYYY

and on doris’ end. she left her kids when they were really young and she hasn’t seen them since and she’s been on the run this whole time. and she doesn’t know how to act or behave around them anymore because they’ve grown up so much without her, and so on both sides of the scene it becomes genuinely sad if you analyze it a little deeper. like she only thinks to show him magic tricks as if they’re kids again. because she doesn’t know how else to act like a normal mom, after he mentions that earlier in the episode. anyways I’m sorry if I forever ruined this scene for you guys because it’s such a cute scene fr but alas, my brain craves angst and can’t shut up.

let me know if yall have any thoughts but please no spoilers for the rest of the show, I just started season 4! :)

[teruel-a-witch]

danny: *puts both hands on the table and bends over because he's too short to intimidate the suspect otherwise*

steve: *bluescreens*

[ellena-asg]

@neanderthal-pessimist

Babe, you asked about Danny's suicidal thoughts/attempt so here it is.

In 1x18 there is a moment when Danny and Steve have a talk with FBI guys and later, when boys are alone, Danny is devastated by the news about Matt's financial crimes and Steve's "what if Matt is really guilty?". Danny wants Steve to have faith in Matt (or: Danny tries to still believe in his own brother, he wants to be loyal) and there's his confession.

Very dark and painful confession: once Danny thought about suicide (and I guess/interpret that he TRIED to kill himself - and that's why Matt was always there, was there almost 24/7).

Why? Because of damn Rachel. No, it wasn't because of the divorce (he could live without her, he would be happier without her and his mental health would be much better when she's away from him). It was because of Rachel's plays. GRACIE. She used Grace against Danny, she wanted to ruin his fatherhood. She took Grace away from him and was like "You'll lose her, Daniel. I swear" ("I'll punish you, Daniel"). Once she and her mother behaved in toxic and abusive way towards Danny and then, after divorce, Rach ruined Danny's mind again. She knew well what would hurt him, what would really hurt him. She knew well that Grace was Danny's everything. Danny's forever-love. Rach knew where to hit so she hit.

So in 1x18 we can see all Danny's pain. All painful memories. It's a double pain cause it's about Gracie and now also about Matty. Matty saved him. We can say about Matt many things but yeah, he saved Danny's life. He helped Danny to be strong again. He helped him to fight for Gracie. Danny almost lost Grace, almost lost his life (literally and metaphorically) and in this moment he fears that he will lose his brother - a brother who helped him so much.

Gosh, Steve's face. He's shocked. He's terrified. He tries to stay calm but he can't - he's shaking inside. His Danny, his beloved Danny, his angel, best friend, his best human ever, sunshine of his life... Danny almost died. Almost killed himself. Danny. Suicide, fuck. Yes, Steve understands Danny's loyalty and love for Matthew BUT THIS. SUICIDE. Steve can't think about Matt now. He is focused on Danny. On Danny's old pain. He can't believe that his boy tried, thought... His strong, "there's always hope" boy... Fuck. No. God, why? Why Danny had to suffer? Why Danny has to suffer? Oh, Steve knows well that part of the pain is still there - cause Rachel still wants war. She is still mean to Danny. Her smile can't hide it. Steve knows her. He observes. He listens to Danny and believes Danny, not her.

Steve is pissed off. He was pissed off earlier when he saw Rachel's games. When he heard Danny's bitter words, Danny's fears. But now Steve has such a face like... It's the face "I wanna go back to the restaurant and...". Shout at Rachel. Tell her that she's the worst. Gosh, Steve looks here like he wants to punch her. He can't do this, he knows (plus: he doesn't want to ruin Danny's fatherhood). But in his mind he is punching her. He is shouting at her (well, maybe one day he will tell her, one day he will punch her with his bitter words, one day when Danny and Grace are safe).

Steve is here (and always will be) for Danny. He touches him. This touch is like a touch of guardian angel. And in the end he is looking at Danny and there's so much love and concern in Steve's eyes. Rachel can't hurt Danno anymore, no fucking way, he thinks.

It's such a strong scene. Danny opens his heart. Oh yes, Steve is the only one - Danny lets only him to know. To know about the darkest moment in Danny's life. Danny knows that Steve will understand. That Steve will treat this seriously. Steve is like him. And Steve is the opposite of Rachel. There's no shame, Danny. Steve loves you. Your pain is his pain. All what is yours is his.

I love that they're together SO MUCH. They're together so it will be all right. They're strong together. So strong.

I'm not a fan of Matt but it's so good that Danny had him around. Matt saved Danny and all what he did for him as a brother... It's touching. It's beautiful. All that beer, all those talks, all this time... Thank you, Matthew Williams. You saved an angel.

But... I can't believe that this Matt, this Matt that saw his brother's pain, deepest depression, that witnessed Danny's suicidal attempt... Why the hell Matt still tries to be nice (SO nice) to Rachel? Why the hell he wants her around Danny? (and Grace) Why the hell he invited Rachel for his family dinner with Danny and Grace? Why the hell he told Danny "You love Rachel, I see this"?! Why the hell he behaves like he wants to see Danny and Rachel together again (knowing well about Danny's pain and seeing well how much Steve means to Danny)? Why sometimes he behaves like HE is in love with Rach? (well, sometimes she looks at him like "I chose the wrong brother" so... hmm...).

And Rachel, geez. Why show's plot is on her side? Why no one sued her for what she did? She's guilty. She (and her mother) ruined Danny's mental health. After divorce she ruined Danny's mental health even more. Her toxic/destructive behaviour (and using Grace in her war against Danny) was the cause. Her behaviour and toxic deeds, her "I'll take Grace" pushed Danny to suicide attempt. Why didn't she face any consequences? Why are people still kind to her? Why the hell Grace lives with her? Where's "I'm sorry, Danny?" (oh, okay, there's no apology cause Hollanders are never sorry, right?).

Six months. SIX MONTHS! Six months full of deepest anxiety and depression. Six months WHOLE of that. Six months without light. Six months, for six months Matt tried to change Danny's mind. For six months there was a danger - that Danny would do it. I can imagine Matt's fear when he went to work and for those few hours per day Danny was there alone... Six months with darkest thoughts. And before and after that? Still dark. She made/makes Danny's life dark (and Steve's too, by the way).

Where's the law? Where's the justice for Danny? What an irony - he fights for other victims' justice but he as a victim got no justice.

Yeah, I know. Writers hated Danny. And Lenkov wanted Danny/Rachel so badly...

"I would not have gotten through that"

It hurts. It's blood-curdling. Danny, our bamf!Danny said that. It's generally scary to hear such words. To see other person's pain and feeling of total loss. Gosh, I can't 😭 This line kills me. It kills my heart.

(Thank you, Matthew for saving the life. Thank you, Steve for saving this life again. For giving Danny a real good life, safer and colourful. Life full of love).

[itwoodbeprefect]

some combination of @actingcamplibrarian's advent calendar fic (hidden in plain sight) and @redgoldblue's recent due south watch has got me thinking about starsky and hutch's hutch canonically not carrying the key to his own apartment but hiding it on top of the doorframe vs. due south's rayk in mountie on the bounty naming the whole bundle of keys he's carrying, telling fraser that the ones he's holding up are, in order, the keys to his old car, to his apartment, to his old apartment, to his locker, and "don't know. ... don't know", meaning that at any time he has at least six keys on him of which four are either obsolete or entirely a mystery, and that's while they were looking for a seventh key (to ray's handcuffs). i don't have a point here except i guess. the blond part of a buddy cop duo. he'll either carry zero keys (bad) or ALL the keys (also unfortunate).

[just-fandomthings]

Don't know how many people will see this but I love the H50 fandom

[cowandcalf]

Hi! I would like your thoughts on the ep where they force Steve to go undercover w/ Rollins as a married couple. Could just be me but like...Rollin's acting felt so damn forced. It felt like the dude only accepted the drink b/c it was in the script & not cos she pulled off the 'sexy minx willing to cheat on my husband with a richer better man' thing they were sort of going with her cover???Idk that scene just really felt too forced & really took me out of.

Hi, dear anon!

Thank you so much for your ask! God, it has been a long time since I’ve got an ask like this. Mahalo for this precious question. And I apologize for letting you wait. After the Covid19 lockdown and the easing of the list of strict measures, RL is crazy. But here I am, trying to answer your question.

Okay, I assume you talk about H50 9.11, right? Where Harry Langford pulls two wedding bands from his pockets and hands them over to Steve and Cath to complete their cover. It’s that episode where Steve revenges Joe’s death, up in Montana. That’s the one, correct?

Yeah, I get why you feel off watching this special scene. I wrote three huge summaries, meta-like analysis on this episode. And I also wrote my thoughts down on the chemistry between Steve and Cath. That was one hell of an episode with so many interesting hints, telling us how Steve has moved on - without Cath and how done he is with Cath. (Wow - just want to jot down a short note how the series final wasn’t ending with Steve and Cath, it was ending with McDanno...but that’s not what you’ve asked for - sorry, got carried away.)

This is my review on 9.11 concentrating on the vibes between Steve and Cath. Maybe you wanna read it. It gives you some sort of closure and it might help you to see this scene in the casino with the drink in a different light. As I see it and it’s totally clear for me: Rollins played her role well. They were undercover, meaning they had to convince their audience. It was an act, also from Steve’s side. Nothing more. Everything they did at that table was played to come across real. And don’t forget, even if you might not like Cath Rollins that much, but she and Steve had some successfully completed missions, together as a team during their active duty. And this moment at the casino was part of the plan, the important mission to revenge Joe’s death. So, Cath did a great job pretending this  'sexy minx willing to cheat on my husband with a richer better man' as you described it so accurately. That was part of her cover and had nothing to do with her trying to draw a reaction from private-Steve. It was all work.

I hope I could answer your question. Thank you again for your ask. I wish you a wonderful time. Take care!

[teruel-a-witch]

If Steve didn't want his co-workers to assume he was taking a vacation to 'reconnect' with his partner perhaps he shouldn't have looked at Danny like that and touched him in a way that indicated that this decision to take days off is directly related to him. Subtlety, thy name is not McDanno.

[mayberrycryptid]

My headcanon is when Steve found out Danny was claustrophobic, he went full SEAL. Pulled out all the Intel on the subject and committed it to memory. For example:

Steve knows to the day how long they have been partners

Steve knows everything about Danny's college record

Steve knows Danny's favorite animal

Danny should've never ever told Steve he wasn't paying attention

H50, Season 6, Episode 9 thoughts...

Oh be still my beating heart - WHY do glasses just make some men so much sexier? Why?

(Also, is it bad that I knew it was Danny by his forearm? Since when can I recognise someone by their forearm? Sorry Steve, I be also looking at your man)

Like Danny, I'm not quite sure whether to be charmed or offended that Steve knows stuff about him that isn't even in his file. Eh, it's fiction, I'll go with charmed.

Love Kono teasing Lou about what Steve knows about them.

Ok, please tell me that Nahele's father coming back means Steve is going to step up more and move this mentorship into a guardianship.

Girl in Danny's class, I understand your need to hit on the hot new professor, but wait until you see him interacting with Steve and you'll understand (Also, Danny is the kind of guy who would never engage while he's in a position of authority, and he'd worry about the age difference, but also... Steve)

Oh dear. This girl is back flirting with Danny.

And now Danny's phone is ringing and he knows exactly who it is. Let me guess, Steve?

It was!

Danny is rocking this professor gig. I'm guessing there were a bunch of professor AUs written after this aired?

Aww. Steve talking to Nahele's dad.

Steve: but maybe I'm being overprotective, you know. I just wanna do right by this kid.

🥰

And now we have even more students saying how hot Danny is.

Poor Eric having to listen to this.

Noooo. Poor Nahele.

Aww.. he went to hang out in Steve's car that they fixed up together.

Steve: I will always protect you, all right. All right?

🥰

Yes, tell him, Nahele!

Deleted scene:

Okay, the way Danny lights up at the fact Steve knew his favourite animal is a giraffe. ❤️

Danny: How did you know that?

Steve: I know everything about you.

[ellena-asg]

This moment when Jerry is singing Presley's song: 🎶treat me like a fool, treat me mean and cruel🎶

and after hearing 🎶but love me🎶 boys are immediately reacting:

They're always like this. They catch "love" word and then look at each other. They're like "you are love, love has your face".

And this moment when Steve is like "Hey, honey, it's our song!" (oh, "they're playing our song" is a popular trope, romantic trope mostly, isn't it?).

Also, this moment of Steve's pure joy and Danny's "Oh yeah, you're right. This song is about us. Every song with "love" word is about us".

This moment of their physical closeness and mental intimacy.

These two exploring (and enjoying so much) romantic feelings together.

They're even sitting "like a couple".

And their delight, gosh.

I bet that they're dreaming of Jerry singing at their wedding (Jerry, be prepared!).

[ilikemcdanno]

I actually studied to be a Charlie Fong / Eric Russo type so I'm totally with you here about wanting to be on that side of investigations. The problem with studying forensics is when you watch forensics in shows you either go "What the hell was that analysis? That's not even possible!" Or you sit there sighing whistfully WISHING it was that easy and fast. I started off as the fist one but the years have mellowed me out into the second one. -Beast

Hi!

Not gonna lie, as it is, I already see some of the stuff the shows do and think “that’s unrealistically easy”

One example is when - on h50 - they catch a picture of the license plate of a suspect’s car. Then they zoom in, and the picture is clear as day. Like? It was a blurry ass picture, how does that work? But it’s all a part of a bigger plan to get the team to solve the case within 40 minutes, lol lol.

Also that’s awesome you studied forensics!! It seems like a cool thing to do, like I’ve kinda mentioned. I’m sure you enjoyed studying it.

[mayberrycryptid]

@merlin-wolfgang-trades-hale

great addition @merlin-wolfgang-trades-hale ! ramble away!!!

[mayberrycryptid]

@ellena-asg headcanon accepted😆!!!

man. man. I love Duke Lukela. what a fuckin guy. I'm so glad the show appreciates him as much as it does.

[tari-aldarion]

Steve McGarrett is not an ESTJ

So on H50 in season 5 episode 17, Danny mentions that Steve is an ESTJ and reads off a short description of an ESTJ’s less than admirable qualities as proof of Steve’s typing. However, I would like to state, for the record, that he is most certainly an ENTJ and I’ll tell you why: 

ESTJs and ENTJs are often confused for each other due to the fact that they view the world and react to situations in some similar ways. However, an in-depth analysis of the personality types (using cognitive functions) can display the difference between them. 

So, in MBTI, there are things called cognitive functions. They are essentially ‘modes of processing information and making decisions based on your Myers-Briggs type’. These functions help to explain more about the thinking and decision-making process that the different personalities go through. Each MBTI type has four cognitive functions: primary, secondary, tertiary, and inferior. The primary function is something you do innately, unconsciously. It’s just a part of you. The secondary function is something that you are very aware of but can choose to use or not to use. The tertiary and inferior functions are not as easily accessible but develop as you grow older which can balance out some of the more extreme parts of the primary/secondary functions.

OKAY now that we’ve gone through a brief course in cognitive functions:

ENTJs and ESTJs share both primary and inferior functions (Te – extroverted thinking as primary – and Fi – introverted feeling). This contributes to the confusion between ENTJ and ESTJ personality types because their instinctive reactions to the world and the way they process emotions are so similar. But analysis of the secondary and tertiary functions reveals the difference between the two.

First, a brief description of Te and Fi primary/inferior functions (summaries taken from here):

Te: People who lead with extroverted thinking are frank, decisive and highly productive in every capacity. They are natural leaders in the workplace as they are quick to take charge and impose order. Dominant extroverted thinkers may come across as bossy or opinionated to those who lack the function, but in reality they are simply pointing out what they believe to be the most efficient course of action for everyone involved.

Fi: Introverted feeling is the in-depth analysis of emotional processes and morality. It seeks to break down emotions to their core and understand them as wholly as possible. It also develops a strong internal system of right and wrong, which the Fi user employs to make decisions. Introverted feeling searches for the deeper meaning behind absolutely everything. (Remember, this is the INFERIOR function. This is something that is not easily accessible to both ENTJs and ESTJs.)

Secondary functions: introverted intuition (ENTJ) and introverted sensing (ESTJ). Secondary functions exist clearly in the mind but aren’t as intuitive as the primary functions.

Introverted Intuition (Ni): People with introverted intuition are usually intense, focused and highly perceptive of inconsistencies that arise in their external environment. They enjoy riddles, puzzles and wordplay. They often experience ‘hunches’ or ‘aha’ moments that they may identify as epiphanies or a gut feeling. Their intense foresight is a product of their future-oriented introverted intuition.

Introverted Sensing (Si): People with introverted sensing are organized and structured, as they believe in being prepared for any potential mishap. They hold tradition in high esteem and believe that the tried and true method is always the best way of getting things done. Introverted sensors believe that the future will repeat the past, more so than any other type.

Note the emphasis. ENTJs have a focus that is unparalleled and they are able to adapt to new situations on the fly. They tend to be able to have those “gut feelings” that lead to proper identification of threats. This is Steve McGarrett through and through. He often takes a leap in trusting people and has an insane ability to focus. He’s constantly adapting his plans and feels stifled if he doesn’t have autonomy over his plans/decisions. He can become impatient if outside circumstances limit or hinder his productivity, especially in cases that tug at his heart strings. Steve has secondary introverted intuition.

This is juxtaposed to the introverting sensing of the ESTJ that is incredibly structured and repetitive. Introverted sensing also places a high priority on personal physical needs (alone time, eating, sleeping, taking care of themselves before being able to handle responsibilities). They tend to stick to a structure, even when it may not work. They can doubt other people’s suggestions and methods and instead, stick to their own methods without consideration of another way. 

This is definitely not Steve. Steve will ignore every physical demand his body is making of him, displaying that single-minded focus, and rescuing/attacking/defeating/running/etc. as he solves the case and apprehends the bad guy. Steve will disregard something immediately if he sees that it doesn’t work. Steve is about efficiency and achieving his goals. He will listen to other’s ideas and methods (even if he may disregard them). Steve does not have secondary introverted sensing.

Tertiary functions: Extroverted sensing (ENTJ) and extroverted intuition (ESTJ) – remember, tertiary functions are ones that can be accessed but not necessarily active in their personalities all the time.

Extroverted sensing (Se): People with extroverted sensing are often naturally athletic, highly impulsive and enjoy ever-changing stimuli. Extroverted sensors simply see what they want and they go for it. These types tend to exude a natural sense of confidence, as they are usually quite sure of who they are and what they want.

Extroverted Intuition (Ne): People with extroverted intuition are usually excitable, entrepreneurial and highly creative. They are constantly thinking about what to do or experience next, but have a difficult time sticking with just one idea or plan long-term.

The Se function clearly displays many of Steve’s personality traits. He loves being athletic and finds it energizing. He’s incredibly impulsive (as Danny yells at him about his impulsiveness all the time) and confidence radiates from him in an engaging way that people find hard to resist. In contrast, Steve’s natural focus and he wants to make long-term plans with the people he cares about (I mean, he’s planning to have a restaurant with Danny, he wanted to marry Cath, he’s looking towards the future). Steve is definitely a tertiary Se.

TL;DR people mistake ESTJs for ENTJs all the time but one of the main differences between them has to do with the rules. ESTJs will follow the rules and structure to the letter (it’s part of their ST-ness) but ENTJs accomplish their goals in the most efficient way possible. ENTJs are natural leaders with strong charisma and the ability to create a team that works solidly together. They have the unique ability to inspire loyalty in others and use their gifts to the best advantage.

ESTJs are great and the world would not be able to function without ESTJs. But Steve McGarrett is not one of them.

[juniperpublishersajop]

Ballistic Studies on Fox-7 Based Triple Base Propellant for High Calibre Gun-Juniper Publishers

Abstract

In the present work, triple base propellant (TBP) containing mainly energetic nitrate polymer nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine, picrite, 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7) along with ingredients such as stabiliser and plasticizer has been processed by solvent method. Picrite has been replaced in increments with FOX-7 from the propellant composition. Acetone: ethanol used as solvent to gelatinise/plasticize NC during processing. Dimensions of the propellant was determined by physical measurement and propellant grains were subjected to mechanical properties (compressive strength (CS), % compression) determination, sensitivity tests and closed vessel (CV) firing. Incorporation of FOX-7 led to remarkable increase in CS at sub-zero temperatures (-20°C) and reduced at higher temperatures (+55°C) for 20 % FOX-7 in TBP composition. CV test of the propellant was carried out at 0.2g/cc loading density in 700cc closed vessel at +21, -20 & +55°C to evaluate ballistic parameters such as Pmax, force constant, (dP/dt) max, pressure index (α), burning rate coefficient (β), rise time, relative force (RF) and relative vivacity (RV). The trends observed during this work bring out the potential of FOX-7 to impart temperature independent characteristics in the TBP used for high calibre gun.

Keywords: FOX-7; Pressure index; Force constant; Burning rate; Chamber pressure

Introduction

FOX-7 or 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADNE) as reported by Lochert [1] is a low vulnerable energetic compound. It was first synthesized in 1990s by the FOA Defence Research Establishment (Sweden). However, its application in propellant has received attention during last decade. The performance of FOX-7 is comparable to cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) whereas its impact and friction sensitivities are much less than that of RDX and other nitramines. Calculated detonation velocity of FOX-7 based high

energy compositions has been of the order 9090m/s compared to 8800m/s for RDX based compositions [1-3]. FOX-7 has a potential for application in high performance IM-compliant explosive formulations. Most of the research establishments working in the area of high energy materials (HEMs) like Aeronautical and Maritime Research Laboratory (AMRL) have focused on the synthesis, hazards characterisation and performance evaluation of FOX-7. Dorsett [4] has mentioned in the report that 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene i.e. FOX-7 is like the insensitive chemical compound triamino trinitro benzene (TATB), a benzene ring compound having three amino and three nitro groups. FOX-7 has a two-carbon backbone in place of a benzene ring, but the amino and nitro groups have similar effects in both cases according to published reports on sensitivity and chemical decay processes of FOX-7 [5] Table 1.

It is mainly produced by Eurenco Bofors AB & Sweden [1,6,7]. Some of the characteristics of FOX-7 vis-a-vis RDX and picrite are given in Table 2. Various tests such as slow cook off, fast cook off, bullet impact test have been conducted along with Composition B to establish the insensitive nature of FOX-7 based propellants. Most of the reported literature pertains to FOX-7 based plastic bonded explosives. FOX-7 based compositions have undergone deflagration (type V reaction) whereas, Composition B has given detonation response (type I reaction). Burn rate (mm/s) was found to increase with pressure (MPa) and force constant (J/g) was found to increase with temperature.

Thus, FOX-7 enhanced the safety of propellant without much compromise on propellant energy. Mishra et al [3] have also studied lower vulnerability of FOX-7 based, non-aluminized and aluminized, melt cast explosive with marginal decrease in performance compared to RDX based compositions. S Karlsson [8] has reported height of 50% explosion (H50) 63 - 79cm in Drop hammer tests and no reaction in the friction test (>340 N). A castable composition of FOX-7 and poly-glycidyl nitrate (Poly-GLYN) has also been studied by these researchers. Limited safety tests indicated that the compositions with FOX-7 were less sensitive to friction, it had excellent thermal stability at 65°C and slow cook-off stimuli. It did not detonate at a diameter of 25 mm and upon slow heating (3.3°C/hour) it ignites at 220°C and burns without damage to the container or the surroundings. Limited work has been reported in literature on FOX-7 based propellant. Wuxi Xie et al. [9] studied the performance of Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether (NEPE) rocket propellants containing FOX-7 as replacement of Cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX). They observed decrease in combustion temperature by about 100K and increase in burning rate as well as pressure exponents. Moreover, tensile strength of the propellants was increased, whereas maximum elongation decreased by about 40%. The initiation probability under pressure decreased by 12% along with decrease in friction sensitivity of the propellant suggesting improved insensitivity characteristics. Bogdan Florczak [10] observed that, the propellant containing FOX-7 has a comparable deflagration temperature and gaseous reaction products volume as the composite propellant containing the same amount of HMX. Linear burn rate of propellant formulation containing FOX-7 is nearly 17% less than that of the propellant formulation containing HMX. Hendrik Lips et al. [11] has studied FOX-7 / Ammonium perchlorate (AP) / Glycidyl Azide Polymer (GAP) based rocket propellants for a shoulder launched projectile. It is found that formulations containing FOX-7, AP and GAP exhibit a plateau burning behaviour between pressure values of 7 and 12 MPa, like double base propellants. Chemical stability and sensitivity test also within acceptable limits. FOX-7/ polyurethane compositions with nitro plasticizers exhibit the best thermal stability. Shock sensitivity test results of FOX-7 based propellant correspond to values with a hazard division (HD) 1.3. However, the mechanical properties need further improvement.

As limited studies are reported on FOX-7 based gun propellant, the present work was undertaken to study FOX-7 as a component of triple base gun propellant with NC as polymeric energetic binder.

Experimental Section

Materials

NC-NG paste having volatile matter (VM) content 0.4% and other ingredients weights are taken on dry weight basis for processing the propellant batch. NC-NG paste, picrite and FOX-7 loaded into incorporator for kneading and solvent (17-25%) along with di-butyl phthalate to form homogenous and fully consistent dough, warm water circulation started (38 - 40°C). Propellant processing was carried out by well-established method. (Surjit Singh Vol-II [12].

Chemical analysis of TBP was carried out using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) model No. Ultimate 3000. This model of HPLC is manufactured by Dionex Softron GmbH, Germering, Germany. The HPLC column has a neutral stationary phase containing C18, octadecasilane with the dimensions of 250mm length, 4.6mm diameter and 5μm pore size. Mobile phase included methanol: water (70:30) mixture. Propellant sample was ground, and ether extract was prepared by heating the content in water bath. It was injected into the HPLC column. The system is run for a duration of 30 minutes by conditioning at a temperature of 35°C at a standard flow rate of mobile phase of 1ml/min and 64 bar pressure in reverse phase. Content of polymeric binder NC, graphite and K2SO4 in the propellant is calculated by difference. In order to obtain only NC and graphite content in the propellant, the residue of ether extract is treated with hot water. K2SO4 gets dissolved in hot water that was estimated by well-known methods. To estimate graphite, acetone is added in the remaining extract to dissolve NC. Chemical analysis results are given below in Table 3.

Thermo chemical parameters for all the experimental propellant compositions that is processed are calculated using THERM program of HEMRL are given in Table 4. In this program, some basic thermodynamic equations that are reported for gun propellant combustion have been used for calculations [13-19]. Approximate determination of temperature of explosion is carried out using computer program. Then the calculation of heat of reaction of gas and its internal energy is carried out. Number of gram atom/gram of C, H, N, O are given by well-known and reported equation. The energy released at 2500K is evaluated making use of well-reported combustion parameters for C, H, N, O. The major products of propellant combustion are predicted viz. CO2, H2O, H2, N2 gases and dissociation products are OH, H, NO, O. Calculation of internal energy of these gases is carried out by applying standard thermodynamic equations. Thereafter, other important and quite relevant constants such as co-volume, force constant and heat of combustion are calculated and compared with values reported in the literature. Detailed research work involving computer program had been published by K P Rao [12]. Researchers have been using this program widely for approximate calculation of ballistic parameters pertaining to gun propellants [20-24].

Measurement of dimensions of dried propellant grain was carried out using Vaiseshika Zoom Stereoscopic Microscope Type 7004 TNC Sr. No. 99075 having resolution 7X to 60X manufactured by M/s Vaiseshika Electronic Devices, Ambala Cantt, Haryana, India. The propellant grain is held in different positions under the microscope which is connected to a programmed computer and image is frozen and thereafter various dimensions such as web size, hole size, grain diameter, length etc. are measured in mm by moving the crosswire from point to point in the frozen image. Movement of crosswire across the image gives the length or distance between the two selected points on the image that is displayed and recorded by a programmed computer connected to the microscope. Geometrical parameters of FOX 7 based TBP grains are tabulated in Table 5. Photograph of a few propellant grains taken using camera make Sony Japan. Model No. Cyber-shotDSC- S980, 12.1 Mega pixel, Optical zoom 4X is placed at Figure 1.

Form function is a measure of surface area of the propellant grain and theoretical web factor (TWF) is the ratio of ballistic web to geometric web is calculated using available computer program [11,12]. Input parameters like grain geometry, hole size, diameter, length: diameter ratio is given as input parameters for calculation and form function and TWF are obtained as output parameters. Mechanical properties testing was carried out using Hounsfield Universal Testing Machine H25KN, New York, US. Length: diameter (L/D) ratio of propellant grain was adjusted to 2.0 and conditioned at +21, -20 & +55°C for 4 hours. Mechanical properties viz. compressive strength (CS) and % compression of the propellant grains was determined.

Impact sensitivity and test was carried out using BAM IM Fall Hammer apparatus make Chilworth Technology, UK, with 2kg drop weight. Friction sensitivity test was conducted using BAM FR Friction test apparatus, make Chilworth Technology, UK. Similarly, autoignition temperature was determined using Wood’s metal bath. During all the three tests propellant sample was powdered by grinding and 150-300μm particle size was taken evaluation [6,25].

Closed vessel evaluation of FOX-7 based propellant along with standard TBP (Std TBP) was carried out at 0.2g/cc loading density in 700cc CV [26] after conditioning at +21, -20 & +55°C for 24 hours to determine ballistic parameters such as Pmax, force constant, (dP/dt)max, pressure index (α), burning rate coefficient (β), rise time, vivacity, relative force (RF) and relative vivacity (RV) [19,27]. Measurement of pressure during CV firing was done using tourmaline piezo-electric gauge. 1.2g gunpowder was used to ignite the main propellant charge. Nearly 4 ampere current was passed through a thin nichrome wire having length 22-25mm connected across the firing electrodes closed vessel in order to ignite the gunpowder which then ignites the propellant charge [28,29].

Results and Discussion

Chemical analysis results of TBP using HPLC is given in Table 2. Some important properties are reported from literature [3,4]. It shows that FOX-7 has higher density and oxygen balance as compared to picrite. Result of theoretical calculation (Table 4) shows that, most of the parameters such as flame temperature, force constant, chamber pressure, calorific value, and mean molecular mass are increasing for FOX-7 based propellant compositions as compared to standard TBP which do not contain FOX-7. Geometrical parameters of propellant grains (Table 5) shows that web size, hole size, diameter, length and form function for FOX-7 based compositions grains are comparable to the Std TBP grains.

Mechanical properties such as compressive strength (CS) and % compression after conditioning at +21, -20 & +55°C for four hours are given in Table 6. The result shows that incorporation of FOX-7 at 5% level bring down the CS whereas increase in FOX-7 content to 20% level results in improvement in CS at all the temperatures. The CS at -20°C for 20% FOX-7 based composition is more than that of even Std TBP. However, CS is increasing as the amount of FOX-7 is increased in the propellant grain composition. Incorporation of FOX-7 brought down the % compression at +21°C. These results suggest that incorporation of FOX-7 renders the TBP hard at sub-zero conditioning temperatures probably due to reinforcement by FOX-7 particles involving physical forces (hydrogen bonding). It is possible that microcracks may be developing in the FOX-7 based TBP grains at sub-zero conditioning temperatures offering greater burning surface resulting in combustion stability and near to temperature independent ballistics of gun propellant. This is on the lines of the work already reported. The results also suggest that FOX-7 based TBP can retain structural integrity even at higher temperature thereby preventing the accidental damage to gun.

FOX-7 based propellant grains are stronger at -20oC and weaker at higher temperatures than Std TBP as the value of CS is higher at sub-zero temperature and lower at +55°C. The performance at +21 & +55°C is almost similar. Values of CS are plotted in Figure 2.Impact, friction as well as auto-ignition temperature test results are given in Table 7. Auto-ignition test results bring out decrease in vulnerability to thermal stimulus of propellant on incorporation of FOX-7. These results are in line with the reported studies Waldemar A. Trzciński [30]. FOX-7 did not have adverse effect on impact and friction sensitivity of the propellant unlike RDX/ HMX. This may be due to stability gained by the molecules after each oxygen atom of the nitro groups involved with two hydrogen bonding in FOX-7 molecules resulting in two intra-molecular and six inter-molecular hydrogen bonds [31] Figure 3.

As depicted in Figure 4, rate of change of pressure i.e. differential pressure attains a maximum value for every composition during CV firing is denoted in terms of (dP/dt)max. The value of (dP/dt)max is lowered for FB-20 at +55°C whereas it is increased at -20°C and almost coincides at 21°C with that of Std TBP. This behaviour of FOX-7 based TBP indicates a trend towards low temperature coefficient propellant.

Chamber pressure was found marginally higher for FB-05 and FB-20 compositions compared to Std TBP evaluated during this work at -20°C and 21°C, as shown in Figure 5 whereas it is found to be marginally increased for FB-05 composition at +55°C. This may be due to brittleness of FOX-7 based propellant composition which gives rise to increase in surface area and increased burn rate. Increased burn rate increases the amount of gases thereby increasing the gaseous pressure. This trend in pressure indicated that FOX 7 based TBPs are showing low temperature sensitivity [32]. This result shows that FOX-7 based TBP can be used in large calibre guns without hazards.

Force constant which is a measure of propellant energy is almost same for FB-20 composition at -20°C and at 21°C as compared to Std TBP and FB-05 composition whereas it is increased at +55°C. The graph is plotted in Figure 6. This behaviour of FOX-7 based TBP indicates a trend towards low temperature coefficient propellant in sub-zero temperature region. This may be due to hardening of FOX-7 based propellant grain making it more brittle propellant composition which gives rise in surface area and increased burn rate. Increased burn rate increases flame temperature and gaseous molecules move faster giving more force or energy (Table 4) [30]. CV firing results bring out increase in force constant with increase in FOX-7 content in the propellant at replacement of picrite. This may be attributed to higher density and superior oxygen balance (stoichiometry) of FOX-7 compared to picrite.

Dynamic vivacity expressed as [(1/P). (1/Pmax). (dP/dt)] is plotted against normalized pressure (P/Pmax). A comparison of Figure 7-9 corresponding to CV tests at -20, +21 and +55°C respectively shows that graph of vivacity for FB-20 composition begins on the lower side as compared to FB-05 and marginally higher than Std TBP and it remains on the lower side for entire range of normalized pressure. It indicates comparative lowering of the production of gases at all temperatures of conditioning for FB-20 propellant composition and particularly at +55°C. This clearly brings out the fact that FOX-7 based propellant composition has the potential for exhibiting low temperature coefficient ballistic parameters. Similar is the trend in case of RV as observed from the graph between RV versus temperature shown in Table 8.

Burn rate versus pressure profile obtained during CV firing of FOX-7 based propellant compositions at -20, 21 & +55°C respectively plotted in Figure 10-12. Graph shows that burn rate increases with increase of temperature and attains peak at certain pressure and then falls off steeply even though the pressure increases as the propellant gets consumed fully. It may be noted that the burn rate is lowered as the FOX-7 content is increased in the propellant compositions. Burn rate for FOX-7 based composition FB-05 is reduced as compared to Std TBP; however, for FB-20 it was close to that for Std TBP at -20°C whereas at +55°C for FOX-7 based composition gave marginally lower burn rates at Pmax compared to Std TBP. These results are indicative of introduction of temperature independent/less dependent combustion of FOX-7 based TBP. It increases the duration of combustion. This indicates that pressure may act on the base of projectile for a longer duration increasing its velocity [Table 9 & 10].

Conclusion

FOX-7 based gun propellant has given improved energetics and ballistic properties as compared to conventional TBP. Force constant, Pmax, (dP/dt)max, and RV are on the higher side as compared to standard TBP propellant showing that loading density in high caliber gun can be reduced to get the same muzzle velocity and chamber pressure. Vivacity variation indicates lowering the production of gases at all temperatures of conditioning of the FB- 20 propellant composition and the rate of generation of gases is further lowered at higher temperatures as compared to Std TBP. This clearly brings out the fact that FB-20 propellant composition has the potential for exhibiting low temperature coefficient ballistic parameters. Similar trend is observed in case of RV versus temperature. Burn rate is lowered and the peak is broadened as the FOX-7 content is increased in the propellant compositions indicating increased duration of combustion. This indicates that pressure may act on the base of projectile for a longer duration increasing its velocity. The trends in ballistics observed bring out the fact that FOX-7 has potential to impart less sensitive, temperature independent characteristics in the TBP used for high calibre gun.

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[maybe-its-just-cringetown-love]

H50 rewatch highkey shipping catherine with crimson on the roller derby episode (S3 E18) they would be so cute. Both she and steve deserve better,they had some good moments over the season but the show runners never cared about their female characters enough to develop her better. So happy grace park (kono) moved on to another show that does their female characters justice.

I ship mcdanno to the end but some of you guys really slam catherine for no reason, she's great and doesn't deserve it. And I'd also point out that steve shows no interest in her when she tells him that she's really enjoying roller derby, he ignores her and forgets stuff. Bad writing when the show runners kept insisting on their relationship. And used the fact that she lied to remedy his behaviour.

It's so annoying that the writers have projected their distrust of women and general misogyny onto almost every female character on their lineup. I always loved the found family of H50 but damn I never realised how much shit they put the women on the show through.

Rewatch got turned into a straight up analysis of misogyny in the show and of cop shows in general.

[blocksgame]

(Re: the 2023-10-07 lore) Okay. Did some more thinking. Let me cook.

The subject that died - is referred to in the lab notes exclusively as D102-H50. (This is also the label on the photograph of the duck that is or looks a lot like Baghera.)

H/t @youphoriaot7 for the screenshot

So I think this is a list of 10 individual experiments.

I bet these are referring to similar human-animal hybrids as the ones we learned about in Baghera's 2023-09-17 lore. (Link to that book, thank you sschmendrick for the screenshots. I also went back to the vod to check the rest.) As you can see in the screenshots, there are wolf-humans, rabbit-humans, parrot-humans, cat-humans - W, R, P, C. And then there are a couple of duck-humans, the newest batch. D for Duck!

So the name is like Animal# - Human#.

So here's my guess - the Feds made 2 duck-humans. One of them, the one in the photo, D102-H50, died. That one is NOT Baghera. Baghera is D103-H50.

(Sidenote: The entries in this book don't exactly match up to the 09-17 subjects - that one has 2 wolf people, 2 parrot people, 1 cat person, 2 wolf people, 3 rabbit people, and 0 duck people. There are no other details shared between the two accounts to compare them with. But it's weirdly close - turn one of those rabbit people into a cat person and the numbers are exact matches, minus the newer duck people. I'm not sure. Either there was a mistake or there have been multiple batches.)

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That's probably the bit that's of interest to most people. Feel free to stop reading now. Or stay for my thoughts on:

The biology

So let's go to the gel electrophoresis photo, the first image. Gel electrophoresis is a biology laboratory technique that is used for a lot of things - read the wikipedia page if you want more details - but a really common one is in genetics, comparing DNA samples to see if they have the same certain gene or not. Each one of those lines would be DNA from certain samples. The two boxes with different rows represent two gels being run and are looking for different genes. So you can read this as "which of these six samples have the same version of gene Tag7" and "which of these six samples have the same version of gene Tag10".

(Why do I think that Tag7 and Tag10 are genes? Because: A. Gene names are often written like this. Uh, TAG7 is in fact a real human gene. But Tag10 isn't, and either way I think this is probably not relevant. B. Tag7 shows up in the DNA sequence book and looks like a gene there

Assuming this was a successful test, it looks like all the samples have the same version of Tag10. Control and H10 have a different version of Tag7 from the others. (Uh, and H20 might be heterozygous for it or something, because it's paler - like, that some of the DNA in the sample is the same and some isn't - but also gels just turn out like that sometimes, could be nothing.)

What's important about the genes Tag7 or Tag10? Yeah, no idea. I would guess that at the very least, the Fed researchers were looking at genetic differences between the experiments, and this gene in particular at least briefly caught their eye.

Okay, so the labels here are also interesting. In the book, all the samples are [something]#-H#, but here we see the H# separately. Only one of the H-numbers appears in the book, too, our H50. So my first thought was that H10, H20, etc, must all represent different people that the samples came from - but since they mostly don't match up to the known experiments, it seems like something else.

Anyway, the DNA sequence. This seems to be testing a sample from D102-H50, for the gene Tag7. Scientifically, what's going on is that they know the samples have different genes, because of the gel electrophoresis. Now they want to know what the gene is, like, what sequence of base pairs (letters, nucleic acids) it's made of. So they took D102-H50's DNA and zoomed in on just the Tag7 gene. This is the DNA sequence that makes up Tag7.

See my analysis at that link. The thing I'll note is that as presented, this looks like a DNA sequence as you'd find it in a scientific analysis - the letters are right, there's the little "60" "120" annotations so you can keep track of where you are - you see that around! It's a really interesting, realistic detail.

What do the numbers in the labels mean?

The letters in the labels (X#-H#) represent animals, if you believe my wild theorizing - some kind of Animal + Human. But what do the numbers mean? Some observations:

They are NOT unique identifiers. Or at least, the H# isn't - see how the two Ps and the two Ds have the same H#.

The H#s increase over time. Is that anything?

Come to think of it, when there are two X#s, like for the same animal, that number also only goes up over time - the second one is always larger than the first. Is that anything?

It can't be, like, "% hybrid" or something like that. The two #s in each do NOT add up to 100, and that would also make some of them, like the ducks, over 100% duck. That's nothing.

But I do think it's something quantifiable. All but 2 of the experiments have weird integer values in H#. But the electrophoresis gel image has them marked in units of 10 - like it's using them as a measurement.

And then Control might be H0? (Wait, what would the control be anyhow? It has a genome.)

...But, like, something quantifiable like that strikes me as inherently a weird thing to do with genetics, especially at a small sample size. So. I don't know, fuck me, I could be way off.

---------------------------

Finally, two thoughts from a scientific perspective:

I don't think the Federation had an IRB for this.

If I'm right about what it means, the X#-H# seems like a sloppy naming schema. Since they seem to be like "the subject that had these experimental parameters" - what if you wanted to repeat the experiment? What would you call that subject? Get it together, Feds.

---------------------------

This was a very interesting set of details to put in this mystery. I think going to the length of making a fake gel and fake sequence means that something might be going on here - but honestly even if it's nothing, I'm in awe, it's a wild set of stuff to come up with just for throwaway flavor.

Anyhow, thanks for bearing with me! If I said something confusing in this analysis, it's possible that it's a Genetics 101 thing that I didn't go into detail about, but it's also possible I just said it bad or am wrong, so feel free to ask or share your own thoughts.

baghera getting SCIENCE PUZZLES in a FUCKED UP LAB

GEL ELECTROPHORESIS MOMENT